1 /* $NetBSD: newfs.c,v 1.18 2005/08/22 09:19:19 yamt Exp $ */ 2 3 /*- 4 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1992, 1993 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9 * are met: 10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 16 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 17 * without specific prior written permission. 18 * 19 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 20 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 21 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 22 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 23 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 24 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 25 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 26 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 27 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 28 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 29 * SUCH DAMAGE. 30 */ 31 32 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 33 #ifndef lint 34 __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1992, 1993\n\ 35 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"); 36 #endif /* not lint */ 37 38 #ifndef lint 39 #if 0 40 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)newfs.c 8.5 (Berkeley) 5/24/95"; 41 #else 42 __RCSID("$NetBSD: newfs.c,v 1.18 2005/08/22 09:19:19 yamt Exp $"); 43 #endif 44 #endif /* not lint */ 45 46 /* 47 * newfs: friendly front end to mkfs 48 */ 49 #include <sys/param.h> 50 #include <sys/ucred.h> 51 #include <sys/stat.h> 52 #include <sys/ioctl.h> 53 #include <sys/disklabel.h> 54 #include <sys/file.h> 55 #include <sys/mount.h> 56 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 57 #include <sys/time.h> 58 59 #include <ufs/ufs/dir.h> 60 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h> 61 #include <ufs/lfs/lfs.h> 62 63 #include <disktab.h> 64 #include <err.h> 65 #include <errno.h> 66 #include <unistd.h> 67 #include <stdio.h> 68 #include <stdlib.h> 69 #include <ctype.h> 70 #include <string.h> 71 #include <paths.h> 72 #include <util.h> 73 #include "config.h" 74 #include "extern.h" 75 #include "bufcache.h" 76 77 #define COMPAT /* allow non-labeled disks */ 78 79 int Nflag = 0; /* run without writing file system */ 80 int fssize; /* file system size */ 81 int sectorsize; /* bytes/sector */ 82 int fsize = 0; /* fragment size */ 83 int bsize = 0; /* block size */ 84 int ibsize = 0; /* inode block size */ 85 int interleave = 0; /* segment interleave */ 86 int minfree = MINFREE; /* free space threshold */ 87 int minfreeseg = 0; /* free segments reserved for the cleaner */ 88 u_int32_t roll_id = 0; /* roll-forward id */ 89 u_long memleft; /* virtual memory available */ 90 caddr_t membase; /* start address of memory based filesystem */ 91 #ifdef COMPAT 92 char *disktype; 93 int unlabeled; 94 #endif 95 int preen = 0; /* Coexistence with fsck_lfs */ 96 97 char device[MAXPATHLEN]; 98 char *progname, *special; 99 100 static struct disklabel *getdisklabel(char *, int); 101 static struct disklabel *debug_readlabel(int); 102 #ifdef notdef 103 static void rewritelabel(char *, int, struct disklabel *); 104 #endif 105 static int64_t strsuftoi64(const char *, const char *, int64_t, int64_t, int *); 106 static void usage(void); 107 108 /* CHUNKSIZE should be larger than MAXPHYS */ 109 #define CHUNKSIZE (1024 * 1024) 110 111 static size_t 112 auto_segsize(int fd, off_t len, int version) 113 { 114 off_t off, bw; 115 time_t start, finish; 116 char buf[CHUNKSIZE]; 117 long seeks; 118 size_t final; 119 int i; 120 121 /* First, get sequential access bandwidth */ 122 time(&start); 123 finish = start; 124 for (off = 0; finish - start < 10; off += CHUNKSIZE) { 125 if (pread(fd, buf, CHUNKSIZE, off) < 0) 126 break; 127 time(&finish); 128 } 129 /* Bandwidth = bytes / sec */ 130 /* printf("%ld bytes in %ld seconds\n", (long)off, (long)(finish - start)); */ 131 bw = off / (finish - start); 132 133 /* Second, seek time */ 134 time(&start); 135 finish = start; /* structure copy */ 136 for (seeks = 0; finish - start < 10; ) { 137 off = (((double)rand()) * len) / (off_t)RAND_MAX; 138 if (pread(fd, buf, dbtob(1), off) < 0) 139 break; 140 time(&finish); 141 ++seeks; 142 } 143 /* printf("%ld seeks in %ld seconds\n", (long)seeks, (long)(finish - start)); */ 144 /* Seek time in units/sec */ 145 seeks /= (finish - start); 146 if (seeks == 0) 147 seeks = 1; 148 149 printf("bw = %ld B/s, seek time %ld ms (%ld seeks/s)\n", 150 (long)bw, 1000/seeks, seeks); 151 final = dbtob(btodb(4 * bw / seeks)); 152 if (version == 1) { 153 for (i = 0; final; final >>= 1, i++) 154 ; 155 final = 1 << i; 156 } 157 printf("using initial segment size %ld\n", (long)final); 158 return final; 159 } 160 161 int 162 main(int argc, char **argv) 163 { 164 int version, ch; 165 struct partition *pp; 166 struct disklabel *lp; 167 struct stat st; 168 int debug, force, fsi, fso, segsize, maxpartitions; 169 uint secsize = 0; 170 daddr_t start; 171 char *cp; 172 const char *opstring; 173 int byte_sized = 0; 174 int r; 175 176 version = DFL_VERSION; /* what version of lfs to make */ 177 178 if ((progname = strrchr(*argv, '/')) != NULL) 179 ++progname; 180 else 181 progname = *argv; 182 183 maxpartitions = getmaxpartitions(); 184 if (maxpartitions > 26) 185 fatal("insane maxpartitions value %d", maxpartitions); 186 187 opstring = "AB:b:DFf:I:i:LM:m:NO:r:S:s:v:"; 188 189 debug = force = segsize = start = 0; 190 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, opstring)) != -1) 191 switch(ch) { 192 case 'A': /* Adaptively configure segment size */ 193 segsize = -1; 194 break; 195 case 'B': /* LFS segment size */ 196 segsize = strsuftoi64("segment size", optarg, LFS_MINSEGSIZE, INT64_MAX, NULL); 197 break; 198 case 'D': 199 debug = 1; 200 break; 201 case 'F': 202 force = 1; 203 break; 204 case 'I': 205 interleave = strsuftoi64("interleave", optarg, 0, INT64_MAX, NULL); 206 break; 207 case 'L': /* Compatibility only */ 208 break; 209 case 'M': 210 minfreeseg = strsuftoi64("minfreeseg", optarg, 0, INT64_MAX, NULL); 211 break; 212 case 'N': 213 Nflag++; 214 break; 215 case 'O': 216 start = strsuftoi64("start", optarg, 0, INT64_MAX, NULL); 217 break; 218 case 'S': 219 secsize = strsuftoi64("sector size", optarg, 1, INT64_MAX, NULL); 220 if (secsize <= 0 || (secsize & (secsize - 1))) 221 fatal("%s: bad sector size", optarg); 222 break; 223 #ifdef COMPAT 224 case 'T': 225 disktype = optarg; 226 break; 227 #endif 228 case 'b': 229 bsize = strsuftoi64("block size", optarg, LFS_MINBLOCKSIZE, INT64_MAX, NULL); 230 break; 231 case 'f': 232 fsize = strsuftoi64("fragment size", optarg, LFS_MINBLOCKSIZE, INT64_MAX, NULL); 233 break; 234 case 'i': 235 ibsize = strsuftoi64("inode block size", optarg, LFS_MINBLOCKSIZE, INT64_MAX, NULL); 236 break; 237 case 'm': 238 minfree = strsuftoi64("free space %", optarg, 0, 99, NULL); 239 break; 240 case 'r': 241 roll_id = strsuftoi64("roll-forward id", optarg, 1, UINT_MAX, NULL); 242 break; 243 case 's': 244 fssize = strsuftoi64("file system size", optarg, 0, INT64_MAX, &byte_sized); 245 break; 246 case 'v': 247 version = strsuftoi64("file system version", optarg, 1, LFS_VERSION, NULL); 248 break; 249 case '?': 250 default: 251 usage(); 252 } 253 argc -= optind; 254 argv += optind; 255 256 if (argc != 2 && argc != 1) 257 usage(); 258 259 /* 260 * If the -N flag isn't specified, open the output file. If no path 261 * prefix, try /dev/r%s and then /dev/%s. 262 */ 263 special = argv[0]; 264 if (strchr(special, '/') == NULL) { 265 (void)snprintf(device, sizeof(device), "%sr%s", _PATH_DEV, 266 special); 267 if (stat(device, &st) == -1) 268 (void)snprintf(device, sizeof(device), "%s%s", 269 _PATH_DEV, special); 270 special = device; 271 } 272 if (!Nflag) { 273 fso = open(special, 274 (debug ? O_CREAT : 0) | O_RDWR, DEFFILEMODE); 275 if (fso < 0) 276 fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno)); 277 } else 278 fso = -1; 279 280 /* Open the input file. */ 281 fsi = open(special, O_RDONLY); 282 if (fsi < 0) 283 fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno)); 284 if (fstat(fsi, &st) < 0) 285 fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno)); 286 287 288 if (!S_ISCHR(st.st_mode)) { 289 if (debug) { 290 lp = debug_readlabel(fsi); 291 pp = &lp->d_partitions[0]; 292 } else { 293 static struct partition dummy_pp; 294 lp = NULL; 295 pp = &dummy_pp; 296 pp->p_fstype = FS_BSDLFS; 297 if (secsize == 0) 298 secsize = 512; 299 pp->p_size = st.st_size / secsize; 300 } 301 } else { 302 cp = strchr(argv[0], '\0') - 1; 303 if (!debug 304 && ((*cp < 'a' || *cp > ('a' + maxpartitions - 1)) 305 && !isdigit((unsigned char)*cp))) 306 fatal("%s: can't figure out file system partition", argv[0]); 307 308 #ifdef COMPAT 309 if (disktype == NULL) 310 disktype = argv[1]; 311 #endif 312 lp = getdisklabel(special, fsi); 313 314 if (isdigit((unsigned char)*cp)) 315 pp = &lp->d_partitions[0]; 316 else 317 pp = &lp->d_partitions[*cp - 'a']; 318 if (pp->p_size == 0) 319 fatal("%s: `%c' partition is unavailable", argv[0], *cp); 320 } 321 322 if (secsize == 0) 323 secsize = lp->d_secsize; 324 325 /* From here on out fssize is in sectors */ 326 if (byte_sized) { 327 fssize /= secsize; 328 } 329 330 /* If force, make the partition look like an LFS */ 331 if (force) { 332 pp->p_fstype = FS_BSDLFS; 333 if (fssize) { 334 pp->p_size = fssize; 335 } 336 /* 0 means to use defaults */ 337 pp->p_fsize = 0; 338 pp->p_frag = 0; 339 pp->p_sgs = 0; 340 } else 341 if (fssize != 0 && fssize < pp->p_size) 342 pp->p_size = fssize; 343 344 /* Try autoconfiguring segment size, if asked to */ 345 if (segsize == -1) { 346 if (!S_ISCHR(st.st_mode)) { 347 warnx("%s is not a character special device, ignoring -A", special); 348 segsize = 0; 349 } else 350 segsize = auto_segsize(fsi, dbtob(pp->p_size), version); 351 } 352 353 /* If we're making a LFS, we break out here */ 354 r = make_lfs(fso, secsize, pp, minfree, bsize, fsize, segsize, 355 minfreeseg, version, start, ibsize, interleave, 356 roll_id); 357 if (debug) 358 bufstats(); 359 exit(r); 360 } 361 362 #ifdef COMPAT 363 char lmsg[] = "%s: can't read disk label; disk type must be specified"; 364 #else 365 char lmsg[] = "%s: can't read disk label"; 366 #endif 367 368 static struct disklabel * 369 getdisklabel(char *s, int fd) 370 { 371 static struct disklabel lab; 372 373 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGDINFO, (char *)&lab) < 0) { 374 #ifdef COMPAT 375 if (disktype) { 376 struct disklabel *lp; 377 378 unlabeled++; 379 lp = getdiskbyname(disktype); 380 if (lp == NULL) 381 fatal("%s: unknown disk type", disktype); 382 return (lp); 383 } 384 #endif 385 (void)fprintf(stderr, 386 "%s: ioctl (GDINFO): %s\n", progname, strerror(errno)); 387 fatal(lmsg, s); 388 } 389 return (&lab); 390 } 391 392 393 static struct disklabel * 394 debug_readlabel(int fd) 395 { 396 static struct disklabel lab; 397 int n; 398 399 if ((n = read(fd, &lab, sizeof(struct disklabel))) < 0) 400 fatal("unable to read disk label: %s", strerror(errno)); 401 else if (n < sizeof(struct disklabel)) 402 fatal("short read of disklabel: %d of %ld bytes", n, 403 (u_long) sizeof(struct disklabel)); 404 return(&lab); 405 } 406 407 #ifdef notdef 408 static void 409 rewritelabel(char *s, int fd, struct disklabel *lp) 410 { 411 #ifdef COMPAT 412 if (unlabeled) 413 return; 414 #endif 415 lp->d_checksum = 0; 416 lp->d_checksum = dkcksum(lp); 417 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCWDINFO, (char *)lp) < 0) { 418 (void)fprintf(stderr, 419 "%s: ioctl (WDINFO): %s\n", progname, strerror(errno)); 420 fatal("%s: can't rewrite disk label", s); 421 } 422 #if __vax__ 423 if (lp->d_type == DTYPE_SMD && lp->d_flags & D_BADSECT) { 424 int i; 425 int cfd; 426 daddr_t alt; 427 off_t loff; 428 char specname[64]; 429 char blk[1024]; 430 char *cp; 431 432 /* 433 * Make name for 'c' partition. 434 */ 435 strlcpy(specname, s, sizeof(specname)); 436 cp = specname + strlen(specname) - 1; 437 if (!isdigit(*cp)) 438 *cp = 'c'; 439 cfd = open(specname, O_WRONLY); 440 if (cfd < 0) 441 fatal("%s: %s", specname, strerror(errno)); 442 if ((loff = getlabeloffset()) < 0) 443 fatal("getlabeloffset: %s", strerror(errno)); 444 memset(blk, 0, sizeof(blk)); 445 *(struct disklabel *)(blk + loff) = *lp; 446 alt = lp->d_ncylinders * lp->d_secpercyl - lp->d_nsectors; 447 for (i = 1; i < 11 && i < lp->d_nsectors; i += 2) { 448 if (lseek(cfd, (off_t)((alt + i) * lp->d_secsize), 449 SEEK_SET) == -1) 450 fatal("lseek to badsector area: %s", 451 strerror(errno)); 452 if (write(cfd, blk, lp->d_secsize) < lp->d_secsize) 453 fprintf(stderr, 454 "%s: alternate label %d write: %s\n", 455 progname, i/2, strerror(errno)); 456 } 457 close(cfd); 458 } 459 #endif /* vax */ 460 } 461 #endif /* notdef */ 462 463 static int64_t 464 strsuftoi64(const char *desc, const char *arg, int64_t min, int64_t max, int *num_suffix) 465 { 466 int64_t result, r1; 467 int shift = 0; 468 char *ep; 469 470 errno = 0; 471 r1 = strtoll(arg, &ep, 10); 472 if (ep[0] != '\0' && ep[1] != '\0') 473 errx(1, "%s `%s' is not a valid number.", desc, arg); 474 switch (ep[0]) { 475 case '\0': 476 case 's': case 'S': 477 if (num_suffix != NULL) 478 *num_suffix = 0; 479 break; 480 case 'g': case 'G': 481 shift += 10; 482 /* FALLTHROUGH */ 483 case 'm': case 'M': 484 shift += 10; 485 /* FALLTHROUGH */ 486 case 'k': case 'K': 487 shift += 10; 488 /* FALLTHROUGH */ 489 case 'b': case 'B': 490 if (num_suffix != NULL) 491 *num_suffix = 1; 492 break; 493 default: 494 errx(1, "`%s' is not a valid suffix for %s.", ep, desc); 495 } 496 result = r1 << shift; 497 if (errno == ERANGE || result >> shift != r1) 498 errx(1, "%s `%s' is too large to convert.", desc, arg); 499 if (result < min) 500 errx(1, "%s `%s' (%" PRId64 ") is less than the minimum (%" PRId64 ").", 501 desc, arg, result, min); 502 if (result > max) 503 errx(1, "%s `%s' (%" PRId64 ") is greater than the maximum (%" PRId64 ").", 504 desc, arg, result, max); 505 return result; 506 } 507 508 void 509 usage() 510 { 511 fprintf(stderr, "usage: newfs_lfs [ -fsoptions ] special-device\n"); 512 fprintf(stderr, "where fsoptions are:\n"); 513 fprintf(stderr, "\t-A (autoconfigure segment size)\n"); 514 fprintf(stderr, "\t-B segment size in bytes\n"); 515 fprintf(stderr, "\t-D (debug)\n"); 516 fprintf(stderr, 517 "\t-N (do not create file system, just print out parameters)\n"); 518 fprintf(stderr, "\t-O first segment offset in sectors\n"); 519 fprintf(stderr, "\t-b block size in bytes\n"); 520 fprintf(stderr, "\t-f frag size in bytes\n"); 521 fprintf(stderr, "\t-m minimum free space %%\n"); 522 fprintf(stderr, "\t-s file system size in sectors\n"); 523 fprintf(stderr, "\t-v version\n"); 524 exit(1); 525 } 526