1 /* $NetBSD: newfs_ext2fs.c,v 1.8 2009/03/02 10:38:13 tsutsui Exp $ */ 2 3 /* 4 * Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1993, 1994 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9 * are met: 10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 16 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 17 * without specific prior written permission. 18 * 19 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 20 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 21 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 22 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 23 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 24 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 25 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 26 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 27 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 28 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 29 * SUCH DAMAGE. 30 */ 31 32 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 33 #ifndef lint 34 __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1993, 1994\ 35 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved."); 36 #endif /* not lint */ 37 38 #ifndef lint 39 #if 0 40 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)newfs.c 8.13 (Berkeley) 5/1/95"; 41 #else 42 __RCSID("$NetBSD: newfs_ext2fs.c,v 1.8 2009/03/02 10:38:13 tsutsui Exp $"); 43 #endif 44 #endif /* not lint */ 45 46 /* 47 * newfs: friendly front end to mke2fs 48 */ 49 #include <sys/param.h> 50 #include <sys/ioctl.h> 51 #include <sys/disklabel.h> 52 #include <sys/disk.h> 53 #include <sys/file.h> 54 #include <sys/mount.h> 55 56 #include <ufs/ext2fs/ext2fs.h> 57 #include <ufs/ext2fs/ext2fs_dinode.h> 58 59 #include <disktab.h> 60 #include <err.h> 61 #include <errno.h> 62 #include <limits.h> 63 #include <paths.h> 64 #include <stdio.h> 65 #include <stdlib.h> 66 #include <string.h> 67 #include <unistd.h> 68 #include <util.h> 69 #include <mntopts.h> 70 71 #include "extern.h" 72 #include "partutil.h" 73 74 static int64_t strsuftoi64(const char *, const char *, int64_t, int64_t, int *); 75 static void usage(void) __dead; 76 77 /* 78 * For file systems smaller than SMALL_FSSIZE we use the S_DFL_* defaults, 79 * otherwise if less than MEDIUM_FSSIZE use M_DFL_*, otherwise use 80 * L_DFL_*. 81 */ 82 #define SMALL_FSSIZE ((4 * 1024 * 1024) / sectorsize) /* 4MB */ 83 #define S_DFL_BSIZE 1024 84 #define MEDIUM_FSSIZE ((512 * 1024 * 1024) / sectorsize) /* 512MB */ 85 #define M_DFL_BSIZE 1024 86 #define L_DFL_BSIZE 4096 87 88 /* 89 * Each file system has a number of inodes statically allocated. 90 * We allocate one inode slot per 2, 4, or 8 blocks, expecting this 91 * to be far more than we will ever need. 92 */ 93 #define S_DFL_NINODE(blocks) ((blocks) / 8) 94 #define M_DFL_NINODE(blocks) ((blocks) / 4) 95 #define L_DFL_NINODE(blocks) ((blocks) / 2) 96 97 /* 98 * Default sector size. 99 */ 100 #define DFL_SECSIZE 512 101 102 int Nflag; /* run without writing file system */ 103 int Oflag = 0; /* format as conservative REV0 by default */ 104 int verbosity; /* amount of printf() output */ 105 #define DEFAULT_VERBOSITY 3 /* 4 is traditional behavior of newfs(8) */ 106 int64_t fssize; /* file system size */ 107 uint sectorsize; /* bytes/sector */ 108 uint16_t inodesize = EXT2_REV0_DINODE_SIZE; /* inode size */ 109 uint fsize = 0; /* fragment size */ 110 uint bsize = 0; /* block size */ 111 uint minfree = MINFREE; /* free space threshold */ 112 uint density; /* number of bytes per inode */ 113 uint num_inodes; /* number of inodes (overrides density) */ 114 char *volname = NULL; /* volume name */ 115 116 static char *disktype = NULL; 117 static char device[MAXPATHLEN]; 118 119 static const char lmsg[] = "%s: can't read disk label"; 120 121 int 122 main(int argc, char *argv[]) 123 { 124 struct disk_geom geo; 125 struct dkwedge_info dkw; 126 struct statvfs *mp; 127 struct stat sb; 128 int ch, fsi, fso, len, n, Fflag, Iflag, Zflag; 129 char *cp, *s1, *s2, *special; 130 const char *opstring; 131 int byte_sized; 132 uint blocks; /* number of blocks */ 133 134 cp = NULL; 135 fsi = fso = -1; 136 Fflag = Iflag = Zflag = 0; 137 verbosity = -1; 138 opstring = "D:FINO:S:V:Zb:f:i:l:m:n:s:v:"; 139 byte_sized = 0; 140 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, opstring)) != -1) 141 switch (ch) { 142 case 'D': 143 inodesize = (uint16_t)strtol(optarg, &s1, 0); 144 if (*s1 || (inodesize != 128 && inodesize != 256)) 145 errx(1, "Bad inode size %d " 146 "(only 128 and 256 supported)", inodesize); 147 break; 148 case 'F': 149 Fflag = 1; 150 break; 151 case 'I': 152 Iflag = 1; 153 break; 154 case 'N': 155 Nflag = 1; 156 if (verbosity == -1) 157 verbosity = DEFAULT_VERBOSITY; 158 break; 159 case 'O': 160 Oflag = strsuftoi64("format", optarg, 0, 1, NULL); 161 break; 162 case 'S': 163 /* 164 * XXX: 165 * non-512 byte sectors almost certainly don't work. 166 */ 167 sectorsize = strsuftoi64("sector size", 168 optarg, 512, 65536, NULL); 169 if (!powerof2(sectorsize)) 170 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 171 "sector size `%s' is not a power of 2.", 172 optarg); 173 break; 174 case 'V': 175 verbosity = strsuftoi64("verbose", optarg, 0, 4, NULL); 176 break; 177 case 'Z': 178 Zflag = 1; 179 break; 180 case 'b': 181 bsize = strsuftoi64("block size", 182 optarg, MINBSIZE, EXT2_MAXBSIZE, NULL); 183 break; 184 case 'f': 185 fsize = strsuftoi64("fragment size", 186 optarg, MINBSIZE, EXT2_MAXBSIZE, NULL); 187 break; 188 case 'i': 189 density = strsuftoi64("bytes per inode", 190 optarg, 1, INT_MAX, NULL); 191 break; 192 case 'm': 193 minfree = strsuftoi64("free space %", 194 optarg, 0, 99, NULL); 195 break; 196 case 'n': 197 num_inodes = strsuftoi64("number of inodes", 198 optarg, 1, INT_MAX, NULL); 199 break; 200 case 's': 201 fssize = strsuftoi64("file system size", 202 optarg, INT64_MIN, INT64_MAX, &byte_sized); 203 break; 204 case 'v': 205 volname = optarg; 206 if (volname[0] == '\0') 207 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 208 "Volume name cannot be zero length"); 209 break; 210 case '?': 211 default: 212 usage(); 213 } 214 argc -= optind; 215 argv += optind; 216 217 if (verbosity == -1) 218 /* Default to showing cg info */ 219 verbosity = DEFAULT_VERBOSITY; 220 221 if (argc != 1) 222 usage(); 223 224 memset(&sb, 0, sizeof(sb)); 225 memset(&dkw, 0, sizeof(dkw)); 226 special = argv[0]; 227 if (Fflag) { 228 int fl; 229 /* 230 * It's a file system image 231 * no label, use fixed default for sectorsize. 232 */ 233 if (sectorsize == 0) 234 sectorsize = DFL_SECSIZE; 235 236 /* creating image in a regular file */ 237 if (Nflag) 238 fl = O_RDONLY; 239 else { 240 if (fssize > 0) 241 fl = O_RDWR | O_CREAT; 242 else 243 fl = O_RDWR; 244 } 245 fsi = open(special, fl, 0777); 246 if (fsi == -1) 247 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "can't open file %s", special); 248 if (fstat(fsi, &sb) == -1) 249 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "can't fstat opened %s", special); 250 if (!Nflag) 251 fso = fsi; 252 } else { /* !Fflag */ 253 fsi = opendisk(special, O_RDONLY, device, sizeof(device), 0); 254 special = device; 255 if (fsi < 0 || fstat(fsi, &sb) == -1) 256 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: open for read", special); 257 258 if (!Nflag) { 259 fso = open(special, O_WRONLY, 0); 260 if (fso < 0) 261 err(EXIT_FAILURE, 262 "%s: open for write", special); 263 264 /* Bail if target special is mounted */ 265 n = getmntinfo(&mp, MNT_NOWAIT); 266 if (n == 0) 267 err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: getmntinfo", special); 268 269 len = sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1; 270 s1 = special; 271 if (strncmp(_PATH_DEV, s1, len) == 0) 272 s1 += len; 273 274 while (--n >= 0) { 275 s2 = mp->f_mntfromname; 276 if (strncmp(_PATH_DEV, s2, len) == 0) { 277 s2 += len - 1; 278 *s2 = 'r'; 279 } 280 if (strcmp(s1, s2) == 0 || 281 strcmp(s1, &s2[1]) == 0) 282 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 283 "%s is mounted on %s", 284 special, mp->f_mntonname); 285 ++mp; 286 } 287 } 288 289 if (getdiskinfo(special, fsi, disktype, &geo, &dkw) == -1) 290 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, lmsg, special); 291 292 if (sectorsize == 0) { 293 sectorsize = geo.dg_secsize; 294 if (sectorsize <= 0) 295 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "no default sector size"); 296 } 297 298 if (dkw.dkw_parent[0]) { 299 if (dkw.dkw_size == 0) 300 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 301 "%s partition is unavailable", special); 302 303 if (!Iflag) { 304 static const char m[] = 305 "%s partition type is not `%s' (or use -I)"; 306 if (strcmp(dkw.dkw_ptype, DKW_PTYPE_EXT2FS)) 307 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, m, 308 special, "Linux Ext2"); 309 } 310 } 311 } 312 313 if (byte_sized) 314 fssize /= sectorsize; 315 if (fssize <= 0) { 316 if (sb.st_size != 0) 317 fssize += sb.st_size / sectorsize; 318 else 319 fssize += dkw.dkw_size; 320 if (fssize <= 0) 321 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 322 "Unable to determine file system size"); 323 } 324 325 if (dkw.dkw_parent[0] && fssize > dkw.dkw_size) 326 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 327 "size %" PRIu64 " exceeds maximum file system size on " 328 "`%s' of %" PRIu64 " sectors", 329 fssize, special, dkw.dkw_size); 330 331 /* XXXLUKEM: only ftruncate() regular files ? (dsl: or at all?) */ 332 if (Fflag && fso != -1 333 && ftruncate(fso, (off_t)fssize * sectorsize) == -1) 334 err(1, "can't ftruncate %s to %" PRId64, special, fssize); 335 336 if (Zflag && fso != -1) { /* pre-zero (and de-sparce) the file */ 337 char *buf; 338 int bufsize, i; 339 off_t bufrem; 340 struct statvfs sfs; 341 342 if (fstatvfs(fso, &sfs) == -1) { 343 warn("can't fstatvfs `%s'", special); 344 bufsize = 8192; 345 } else 346 bufsize = sfs.f_iosize; 347 348 if ((buf = calloc(1, bufsize)) == NULL) 349 err(1, "can't malloc buffer of %d", 350 bufsize); 351 bufrem = fssize * sectorsize; 352 if (verbosity > 0) 353 printf("Creating file system image in `%s', " 354 "size %" PRId64 " bytes, in %d byte chunks.\n", 355 special, bufrem, bufsize); 356 while (bufrem > 0) { 357 i = write(fso, buf, MIN(bufsize, bufrem)); 358 if (i == -1) 359 err(1, "writing image"); 360 bufrem -= i; 361 } 362 free(buf); 363 } 364 365 /* Sort out fragment and block sizes */ 366 if (bsize == 0) { 367 bsize = fsize; 368 if (bsize == 0) { 369 if (fssize < SMALL_FSSIZE) 370 bsize = S_DFL_BSIZE; 371 else if (fssize < MEDIUM_FSSIZE) 372 bsize = M_DFL_BSIZE; 373 else 374 bsize = L_DFL_BSIZE; 375 } 376 } 377 if (fsize == 0) 378 fsize = bsize; 379 380 blocks = fssize * sectorsize / bsize; 381 382 if (num_inodes == 0) { 383 if (density != 0) 384 num_inodes = fssize / density; 385 else { 386 if (fssize < SMALL_FSSIZE) 387 num_inodes = S_DFL_NINODE(blocks); 388 else if (fssize < MEDIUM_FSSIZE) 389 num_inodes = M_DFL_NINODE(blocks); 390 else 391 num_inodes = L_DFL_NINODE(blocks); 392 } 393 } 394 mke2fs(special, fsi, fso); 395 396 if (fsi != -1) 397 close(fsi); 398 if (fso != -1 && fso != fsi) 399 close(fso); 400 exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); 401 } 402 403 static int64_t 404 strsuftoi64(const char *desc, const char *arg, int64_t min, int64_t max, 405 int *num_suffix) 406 { 407 int64_t result, r1; 408 int shift = 0; 409 char *ep; 410 411 errno = 0; 412 r1 = strtoll(arg, &ep, 10); 413 if (ep[0] != '\0' && ep[1] != '\0') 414 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 415 "%s `%s' is not a valid number.", desc, arg); 416 switch (ep[0]) { 417 case '\0': 418 case 's': 419 case 'S': 420 if (num_suffix != NULL) 421 *num_suffix = 0; 422 break; 423 case 'g': 424 case 'G': 425 shift += 10; 426 /* FALLTHROUGH */ 427 case 'm': 428 case 'M': 429 shift += 10; 430 /* FALLTHROUGH */ 431 case 'k': 432 case 'K': 433 shift += 10; 434 /* FALLTHROUGH */ 435 case 'b': 436 case 'B': 437 if (num_suffix != NULL) 438 *num_suffix = 1; 439 break; 440 default: 441 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 442 "`%s' is not a valid suffix for %s.", ep, desc); 443 } 444 result = r1 << shift; 445 if (errno == ERANGE || result >> shift != r1) 446 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 447 "%s `%s' is too large to convert.", desc, arg); 448 if (result < min) 449 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 450 "%s `%s' (%" PRId64 ") is less than the minimum (%" 451 PRId64 ").", desc, arg, result, min); 452 if (result > max) 453 errx(EXIT_FAILURE, 454 "%s `%s' (%" PRId64 ") is greater than the maximum (%" 455 PRId64 ").", desc, arg, result, max); 456 return result; 457 } 458 459 static const char help_strings[] = 460 "\t-b bsize\tblock size\n" 461 "\t-D inodesize\tsize of an inode in bytes (128 or 256)\n" 462 "\t-F \t\tcreate file system image in regular file\n" 463 "\t-f fsize\tfragment size\n" 464 "\t-I \t\tdo not check that the file system type is `Linux Ext2'\n" 465 "\t-i density\tnumber of bytes per inode\n" 466 "\t-m minfree\tminimum free space %\n" 467 "\t-N \t\tdo not create file system, just print out parameters\n" 468 "\t-n inodes\tnumber of inodes (overrides -i density)\n" 469 "\t-O N\t\tfilesystem revision: 0 ==> REV0, 1 ==> REV1 (default 0)\n" 470 "\t-S secsize\tsector size\n" 471 "\t-s fssize\tfile system size (sectors)\n" 472 "\t-V verbose\toutput verbosity: 0 ==> none, 4 ==> max\n" 473 "\t-v volname\text2fs volume name\n" 474 "\t-Z \t\tpre-zero the image file\n"; 475 476 static void 477 usage(void) 478 { 479 480 fprintf(stderr, 481 "usage: %s [ fsoptions ] special-device\n", getprogname()); 482 fprintf(stderr, "where fsoptions are:\n"); 483 fprintf(stderr, "%s", help_strings); 484 485 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 486 } 487