xref: /netbsd-src/sbin/ifconfig/ifconfig.c (revision f983e71d70cfccf7b3de601eb4d998b2d886ede4)
1 /*	$NetBSD: ifconfig.c,v 1.185 2008/04/21 05:33:55 dyoung Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 1997, 1998, 2000 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Jason R. Thorpe of the Numerical Aerospace Simulation Facility,
9  * NASA Ames Research Center.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
20  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
21  *	This product includes software developed by the NetBSD
22  *	Foundation, Inc. and its contributors.
23  * 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its
24  *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
25  *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
26  *
27  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
28  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
29  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
30  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
31  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
32  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
33  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
34  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
35  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
36  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
37  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
38  */
39 
40 /*
41  * Copyright (c) 1983, 1993
42  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
43  *
44  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
45  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
46  * are met:
47  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
48  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
49  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
50  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
51  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
52  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
53  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
54  *    without specific prior written permission.
55  *
56  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
57  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
58  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
59  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
60  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
61  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
62  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
63  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
64  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
65  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
66  * SUCH DAMAGE.
67  */
68 
69 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
70 #ifndef lint
71 __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1993\n\
72 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n");
73 #endif /* not lint */
74 
75 #ifndef lint
76 #if 0
77 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ifconfig.c	8.2 (Berkeley) 2/16/94";
78 #else
79 __RCSID("$NetBSD: ifconfig.c,v 1.185 2008/04/21 05:33:55 dyoung Exp $");
80 #endif
81 #endif /* not lint */
82 
83 #include <sys/param.h>
84 #include <sys/socket.h>
85 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
86 
87 #include <net/if.h>
88 #include <net/if_dl.h>
89 #include <net/if_media.h>
90 #include <net/if_ether.h>
91 #include <netinet/in.h>		/* XXX */
92 #include <netinet/in_var.h>	/* XXX */
93 
94 #include <netdb.h>
95 
96 #include <sys/protosw.h>
97 
98 #include <ctype.h>
99 #include <err.h>
100 #include <errno.h>
101 #include <stdbool.h>
102 #include <stddef.h>
103 #include <stdio.h>
104 #include <stdlib.h>
105 #include <string.h>
106 #include <unistd.h>
107 #include <ifaddrs.h>
108 #include <util.h>
109 
110 #include "extern.h"
111 
112 #ifndef INET_ONLY
113 #include "af_atalk.h"
114 #include "af_iso.h"
115 #endif /* ! INET_ONLY */
116 #include "af_inet.h"
117 #ifdef INET6
118 #include "af_inet6.h"
119 #endif /* INET6 */
120 
121 #include "agr.h"
122 #include "carp.h"
123 #include "ieee80211.h"
124 #include "tunnel.h"
125 #include "vlan.h"
126 
127 struct	ifreq		ifr, ridreq;
128 struct	ifaliasreq	addreq __attribute__((aligned(4)));
129 
130 char	name[30];
131 u_short	flags;
132 int	setaddr, doalias;
133 u_long	metric, mtu, preference;
134 int	clearaddr, s;
135 int	newaddr = -1;
136 int	conflicting = 0;
137 int	check_up_state = -1;
138 int	af;
139 int	aflag, bflag, Cflag, dflag, lflag, mflag, sflag, uflag, vflag, zflag;
140 int	hflag;
141 int	have_preference = 0;
142 #ifdef INET6
143 int	Lflag;
144 #endif
145 int	explicit_prefix = 0;
146 
147 struct ifcapreq g_ifcr;
148 int	g_ifcr_updated;
149 
150 void 	notealias(const char *, int);
151 void 	notrailers(const char *, int);
152 void 	setifaddr(const char *, int);
153 void 	setifdstaddr(const char *, int);
154 void 	setifflags(const char *, int);
155 void	check_ifflags_up(const char *);
156 void	setifcaps(const char *, int);
157 void 	setifbroadaddr(const char *, int);
158 void 	setifipdst(const char *, int);
159 void 	setifmetric(const char *, int);
160 void	setifpreference(const char *, int);
161 void 	setifmtu(const char *, int);
162 void 	setifnetmask(const char *, int);
163 void	setifprefixlen(const char *, int);
164 void	setmedia(const char *, int);
165 void	setmediamode(const char *, int);
166 void	setmediaopt(const char *, int);
167 void	unsetmediaopt(const char *, int);
168 void	setmediainst(const char *, int);
169 void	clone_create(const char *, int);
170 void	clone_destroy(const char *, int);
171 int	main(int, char *[]);
172 void	do_setifpreference(void);
173 
174 /*
175  * Media stuff.  Whenever a media command is first performed, the
176  * currently select media is grabbed for this interface.  If `media'
177  * is given, the current media word is modifed.  `mediaopt' commands
178  * only modify the set and clear words.  They then operate on the
179  * current media word later.
180  */
181 int	media_current;
182 int	mediaopt_set;
183 int	mediaopt_clear;
184 
185 int	actions;			/* Actions performed */
186 
187 #define	A_MEDIA		0x0001		/* media command */
188 #define	A_MEDIAOPTSET	0x0002		/* mediaopt command */
189 #define	A_MEDIAOPTCLR	0x0004		/* -mediaopt command */
190 #define	A_MEDIAOPT	(A_MEDIAOPTSET|A_MEDIAOPTCLR)
191 #define	A_MEDIAINST	0x0008		/* instance or inst command */
192 #define	A_MEDIAMODE	0x0010		/* mode command */
193 
194 #define	NEXTARG		0xffffff
195 #define	NEXTARG2	0xfffffe
196 
197 const struct cmd {
198 	const char *c_name;
199 	int	c_parameter;	/* NEXTARG means next argv */
200 	int	c_action;	/* defered action */
201 	void	(*c_func)(const char *, int);
202 } cmds[] = {
203 	{ "up",		IFF_UP,		0,		setifflags } ,
204 	{ "down",	-IFF_UP,	0,		setifflags },
205 	{ "trailers",	-1,		0,		notrailers },
206 	{ "-trailers",	1,		0,		notrailers },
207 	{ "arp",	-IFF_NOARP,	0,		setifflags },
208 	{ "-arp",	IFF_NOARP,	0,		setifflags },
209 	{ "debug",	IFF_DEBUG,	0,		setifflags },
210 	{ "-debug",	-IFF_DEBUG,	0,		setifflags },
211 	{ "alias",	IFF_UP,		0,		notealias },
212 	{ "-alias",	-IFF_UP,	0,		notealias },
213 	{ "delete",	-IFF_UP,	0,		notealias },
214 	{ "netmask",	NEXTARG,	0,		setifnetmask },
215 	{ "metric",	NEXTARG,	0,		setifmetric },
216 	{ "mtu",	NEXTARG,	0,		setifmtu },
217 	{ "bssid",	NEXTARG,	0,		setifbssid },
218 	{ "-bssid",	-1,		0,		setifbssid },
219 	{ "chan",	NEXTARG,	0,		setifchan },
220 	{ "-chan",	-1,		0,		setifchan },
221 	{ "frag",	NEXTARG,	0,		setiffrag },
222 	{ "-frag",	-1,		0,		setiffrag },
223 	{ "ssid",	NEXTARG,	0,		setifnwid },
224 	{ "nwid",	NEXTARG,	0,		setifnwid },
225 	{ "nwkey",	NEXTARG,	0,		setifnwkey },
226 	{ "-nwkey",	-1,		0,		setifnwkey },
227 	{ "powersave",	1,		0,		setifpowersave },
228 	{ "-powersave",	0,		0,		setifpowersave },
229 	{ "powersavesleep", NEXTARG,	0,		setifpowersavesleep },
230 	{ "hidessid",	1,		0,		sethidessid },
231 	{ "-hidessid",	0,		0,		sethidessid },
232 	{ "apbridge",	1,		0,		setapbridge },
233 	{ "-apbridge",	0,		0,		setapbridge },
234 	{ "broadcast",	NEXTARG,	0,		setifbroadaddr },
235 	{ "ipdst",	NEXTARG,	0,		setifipdst },
236 	{ "prefixlen",	NEXTARG,	0,		setifprefixlen},
237 	{ "preference",	NEXTARG,	0,		setifpreference},
238 	{ "list",	NEXTARG,	0,		setiflist},
239 #ifndef INET_ONLY
240 	/* CARP */
241 	{ "advbase",	NEXTARG,	0,		setcarp_advbase },
242 	{ "advskew",	NEXTARG,	0,		setcarp_advskew },
243 	{ "pass",	NEXTARG,	0,		setcarp_passwd },
244 	{ "vhid",	NEXTARG,	0,		setcarp_vhid },
245 	{ "state",	NEXTARG,	0,		setcarp_state },
246 	{ "carpdev",	NEXTARG,	0,		setcarpdev },
247 	{ "-carpdev",	1,		0,		unsetcarpdev },
248 #endif
249 #ifdef INET6
250 	{ "anycast",	IN6_IFF_ANYCAST,	0,	setia6flags },
251 	{ "-anycast",	-IN6_IFF_ANYCAST,	0,	setia6flags },
252 	{ "tentative",	IN6_IFF_TENTATIVE,	0,	setia6flags },
253 	{ "-tentative",	-IN6_IFF_TENTATIVE,	0,	setia6flags },
254 	{ "deprecated",	IN6_IFF_DEPRECATED,	0,	setia6flags },
255 	{ "-deprecated", -IN6_IFF_DEPRECATED,	0,	setia6flags },
256 	{ "pltime",	NEXTARG,	0,		setia6pltime },
257 	{ "vltime",	NEXTARG,	0,		setia6vltime },
258 	{ "eui64",	0,		0,		setia6eui64 },
259 #endif /*INET6*/
260 #ifndef INET_ONLY
261 	{ "range",	NEXTARG,	0,		setatrange },
262 	{ "phase",	NEXTARG,	0,		setatphase },
263 	{ "snpaoffset",	NEXTARG,	0,		setsnpaoffset },
264 	{ "nsellength",	NEXTARG,	0,		setnsellength },
265 #endif	/* INET_ONLY */
266 	{ "tunnel",	NEXTARG2,	0,	(void (*)(const char *, int))
267 							settunnel } ,
268 	{ "deletetunnel", 0,		0,		deletetunnel },
269 	{ "vlan",	NEXTARG,	0,		setvlan } ,
270 	{ "vlanif",	NEXTARG,	0,		setvlanif } ,
271 	{ "-vlanif",	0,		0,		unsetvlanif } ,
272 #if 0
273 	/* XXX `create' special-cased below */
274 	{ "create",	0,		0,		clone_create } ,
275 #endif
276 	{ "destroy",	0,		0,		clone_destroy } ,
277 	{ "link0",	IFF_LINK0,	0,		setifflags } ,
278 	{ "-link0",	-IFF_LINK0,	0,		setifflags } ,
279 	{ "link1",	IFF_LINK1,	0,		setifflags } ,
280 	{ "-link1",	-IFF_LINK1,	0,		setifflags } ,
281 	{ "link2",	IFF_LINK2,	0,		setifflags } ,
282 	{ "-link2",	-IFF_LINK2,	0,		setifflags } ,
283 	{ "media",	NEXTARG,	A_MEDIA,	setmedia },
284 	{ "mediaopt",	NEXTARG,	A_MEDIAOPTSET,	setmediaopt },
285 	{ "-mediaopt",	NEXTARG,	A_MEDIAOPTCLR,	unsetmediaopt },
286 	{ "mode",	NEXTARG,	A_MEDIAMODE,	setmediamode },
287 	{ "instance",	NEXTARG,	A_MEDIAINST,	setmediainst },
288 	{ "inst",	NEXTARG,	A_MEDIAINST,	setmediainst },
289 	{ "ip4csum-tx",	IFCAP_CSUM_IPv4_Tx,0,		setifcaps },
290 	{ "-ip4csum-tx",-IFCAP_CSUM_IPv4_Tx,0,		setifcaps },
291 	{ "ip4csum-rx",	IFCAP_CSUM_IPv4_Rx,0,		setifcaps },
292 	{ "-ip4csum-rx",-IFCAP_CSUM_IPv4_Rx,0,		setifcaps },
293 	{ "tcp4csum-tx",IFCAP_CSUM_TCPv4_Tx,0,		setifcaps },
294 	{ "-tcp4csum-tx",-IFCAP_CSUM_TCPv4_Tx,0,	setifcaps },
295 	{ "tcp4csum-rx",IFCAP_CSUM_TCPv4_Rx,0,		setifcaps },
296 	{ "-tcp4csum-rx",-IFCAP_CSUM_TCPv4_Rx,0,	setifcaps },
297 	{ "udp4csum-tx",IFCAP_CSUM_UDPv4_Tx,0,		setifcaps },
298 	{ "-udp4csum-tx",-IFCAP_CSUM_UDPv4_Tx,0,	setifcaps },
299 	{ "udp4csum-rx",IFCAP_CSUM_UDPv4_Rx,0,		setifcaps },
300 	{ "-udp4csum-rx",-IFCAP_CSUM_UDPv4_Rx,0,	setifcaps },
301 	{ "tcp6csum-tx",IFCAP_CSUM_TCPv6_Tx,0,		setifcaps },
302 	{ "-tcp6csum-tx",-IFCAP_CSUM_TCPv6_Tx,0,	setifcaps },
303 	{ "tcp6csum-rx",IFCAP_CSUM_TCPv6_Rx,0,		setifcaps },
304 	{ "-tcp6csum-rx",-IFCAP_CSUM_TCPv6_Rx,0,	setifcaps },
305 	{ "udp6csum-tx",IFCAP_CSUM_UDPv6_Tx,0,		setifcaps },
306 	{ "-udp6csum-tx",-IFCAP_CSUM_UDPv6_Tx,0,	setifcaps },
307 	{ "udp6csum-rx",IFCAP_CSUM_UDPv6_Rx,0,		setifcaps },
308 	{ "-udp6csum-rx",-IFCAP_CSUM_UDPv6_Rx,0,	setifcaps },
309 	{ "ip4csum",	IFCAP_CSUM_IPv4_Tx|IFCAP_CSUM_IPv4_Rx,
310 					0,		setifcaps },
311 	{ "-ip4csum",	-(IFCAP_CSUM_IPv4_Tx|IFCAP_CSUM_IPv4_Rx),
312 					0,		setifcaps },
313 	{ "tcp4csum",	IFCAP_CSUM_TCPv4_Tx|IFCAP_CSUM_TCPv4_Rx,
314 					0,		setifcaps },
315 	{ "-tcp4csum",	-(IFCAP_CSUM_TCPv4_Tx|IFCAP_CSUM_TCPv4_Rx),
316 					0,		setifcaps },
317 	{ "udp4csum",	IFCAP_CSUM_UDPv4_Tx|IFCAP_CSUM_UDPv4_Rx,
318 					0,		setifcaps },
319 	{ "-udp4csum",	-(IFCAP_CSUM_UDPv4_Tx|IFCAP_CSUM_UDPv4_Rx),
320 					0,		setifcaps },
321 	{ "tcp6csum",	IFCAP_CSUM_TCPv6_Tx|IFCAP_CSUM_TCPv6_Rx,
322 					0,		setifcaps },
323 	{ "-tcp6csum",	-(IFCAP_CSUM_TCPv6_Tx|IFCAP_CSUM_TCPv6_Rx),
324 					0,		setifcaps },
325 	{ "udp6csum",	IFCAP_CSUM_UDPv6_Tx|IFCAP_CSUM_UDPv6_Rx,
326 					0,		setifcaps },
327 	{ "-udp6csum",	-(IFCAP_CSUM_UDPv6_Tx|IFCAP_CSUM_UDPv6_Rx),
328 					0,		setifcaps },
329 	{ "tso4",	IFCAP_TSOv4,	0,		setifcaps },
330 	{ "-tso4",	-IFCAP_TSOv4,	0,		setifcaps },
331 	{ "tso6",	IFCAP_TSOv6,	0,		setifcaps },
332 	{ "-tso6",	-IFCAP_TSOv6,	0,		setifcaps },
333 	{ "agrport",	NEXTARG,	0,		agraddport } ,
334 	{ "-agrport",	NEXTARG,	0,		agrremport } ,
335 	{ NULL,		0,		0,		setifaddr },
336 	{ NULL,		0,		0,		setifdstaddr },
337 };
338 
339 int	getinfo(struct ifreq *);
340 int	carrier(void);
341 void	printall(const char *);
342 void	list_cloners(void);
343 void 	status(const struct sockaddr_dl *);
344 void 	usage(void);
345 
346 void	print_media_word(int, const char *);
347 void	process_media_commands(void);
348 void	init_current_media(void);
349 
350 /* Known address families */
351 const struct afswtch afs[] = {
352 	{ "inet", AF_INET, in_status, in_getaddr, in_getprefix,
353 	     SIOCDIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCGIFADDR, &ridreq, &in_addreq },
354 #ifdef INET6
355 	{ "inet6", AF_INET6, in6_status, in6_getaddr, in6_getprefix,
356 	     SIOCDIFADDR_IN6, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6,
357 	     /*
358 	      * Deleting the first address before setting new one is
359 	      * not prefered way in this protocol.
360 	      */
361 	     0,
362 	     &in6_ridreq, &in6_addreq },
363 #endif
364 #ifndef INET_ONLY	/* small version, for boot media */
365 	{ "atalk", AF_APPLETALK, at_status, at_getaddr, NULL,
366 	     SIOCDIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCGIFADDR, &addreq, &addreq },
367 	{ "iso", AF_ISO, iso_status, iso_getaddr, NULL,
368 	     SIOCDIFADDR_ISO, SIOCAIFADDR_ISO, SIOCGIFADDR_ISO,
369 	     &iso_ridreq, &iso_addreq },
370 #endif	/* INET_ONLY */
371 	{ 0,	0,	    0,		0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }
372 };
373 
374 const struct afswtch *afp;	/*the address family being set or asked about*/
375 
376 int
377 main(int argc, char *argv[])
378 {
379 	int ch;
380 
381 	/* Parse command-line options */
382 	aflag = mflag = vflag = zflag = 0;
383 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "AabCdhlmsuvz"
384 #ifdef INET6
385 					"L"
386 #endif
387 			)) != -1) {
388 		switch (ch) {
389 		case 'A':
390 			warnx("-A is deprecated");
391 			break;
392 
393 		case 'a':
394 			aflag = 1;
395 			break;
396 
397 		case 'b':
398 			bflag = 1;
399 			break;
400 
401 		case 'C':
402 			Cflag = 1;
403 			break;
404 
405 		case 'd':
406 			dflag = 1;
407 			break;
408 		case 'h':
409 			hflag = 1;
410 			break;
411 #ifdef INET6
412 		case 'L':
413 			Lflag = 1;
414 			break;
415 #endif
416 
417 		case 'l':
418 			lflag = 1;
419 			break;
420 
421 		case 'm':
422 			mflag = 1;
423 			break;
424 
425 		case 's':
426 			sflag = 1;
427 			break;
428 
429 		case 'u':
430 			uflag = 1;
431 			break;
432 
433 		case 'v':
434 			vflag = 1;
435 			break;
436 
437 		case 'z':
438 			zflag = 1;
439 			break;
440 
441 
442 		default:
443 			usage();
444 			/* NOTREACHED */
445 		}
446 	}
447 	argc -= optind;
448 	argv += optind;
449 
450 	/*
451 	 * -l means "list all interfaces", and is mutally exclusive with
452 	 * all other flags/commands.
453 	 *
454 	 * -C means "list all names of cloners", and it mutually exclusive
455 	 * with all other flags/commands.
456 	 *
457 	 * -a means "print status of all interfaces".
458 	 */
459 	if ((lflag || Cflag) && (aflag || mflag || vflag || argc || zflag))
460 		usage();
461 #ifdef INET6
462 	if ((lflag || Cflag) && Lflag)
463 		usage();
464 #endif
465 	if (lflag && Cflag)
466 		usage();
467 	if (Cflag) {
468 		if (argc)
469 			usage();
470 		list_cloners();
471 		exit(0);
472 	}
473 	if (aflag || lflag) {
474 		if (argc > 1)
475 			usage();
476 		else if (argc == 1) {
477 			afp = lookup_af_byname(argv[0]);
478 			if (afp == NULL)
479 				usage();
480 		}
481 		if (afp)
482 			af = ifr.ifr_addr.sa_family = afp->af_af;
483 		else
484 			af = ifr.ifr_addr.sa_family = afs[0].af_af;
485 		printall(NULL);
486 		exit(0);
487 	}
488 
489 	/* Make sure there's an interface name. */
490 	if (argc < 1)
491 		usage();
492 	if (strlcpy(name, argv[0], sizeof(name)) >= sizeof(name))
493 		errx(1, "interface name '%s' too long", argv[0]);
494 	argc--; argv++;
495 
496 	/*
497 	 * NOTE:  We must special-case the `create' command right
498 	 * here as we would otherwise fail in getinfo().
499 	 */
500 	if (argc > 0 && strcmp(argv[0], "create") == 0) {
501 		clone_create(argv[0], 0);
502 		argc--, argv++;
503 		if (argc == 0)
504 			exit(0);
505 	}
506 
507 	/* Check for address family. */
508 	afp = NULL;
509 	if (argc > 0) {
510 		afp = lookup_af_byname(argv[0]);
511 		if (afp != NULL) {
512 			argv++;
513 			argc--;
514 		}
515 	}
516 
517 	/* Initialize af, just for use in getinfo(). */
518 	if (afp == NULL)
519 		af = afs->af_af;
520 	else
521 		af = afp->af_af;
522 
523 	/* Get information about the interface. */
524 	estrlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, name, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
525 	if (getinfo(&ifr) < 0)
526 		exit(1);
527 
528 	if (sflag) {
529 		if (argc != 0)
530 			usage();
531 		else
532 			exit(carrier());
533 	}
534 
535 	/* No more arguments means interface status. */
536 	if (argc == 0) {
537 		printall(name);
538 		exit(0);
539 	}
540 
541 	/* The following operations assume inet family as the default. */
542 	if (afp == NULL)
543 		afp = afs;
544 	af = ifr.ifr_addr.sa_family = afp->af_af;
545 
546 	/* Process commands. */
547 	for (; argc > 0; argc--, argv++) {
548 		const struct cmd *p;
549 
550 		for (p = cmds; p->c_name != NULL; p++) {
551 			if (strcmp(argv[0], p->c_name) == 0)
552 				break;
553 		}
554 		if (p->c_name == NULL && setaddr) {
555 			if ((flags & IFF_POINTOPOINT) == 0) {
556 				errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
557 				    "can't set destination address %s",
558 				    "on non-point-to-point link");
559 			}
560 			p++;	/* got src, do dst */
561 		}
562 		if (p->c_func == NULL)
563 			continue;
564 		if (p->c_parameter == NEXTARG) {
565 			if (argc < 2)
566 				errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "'%s' requires argument",
567 				    p->c_name);
568 			(*p->c_func)(argv[1], 0);
569 			argc--, argv++;
570 		} else if (p->c_parameter == NEXTARG2) {
571 			if (argc < 3)
572 				errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "'%s' requires 2 arguments",
573 				    p->c_name);
574 			((void (*)(const char *, const char *))
575 			    *p->c_func)(argv[1], argv[2]);
576 			argc -= 2, argv += 2;
577 		} else
578 			(*p->c_func)(argv[0], p->c_parameter);
579 		actions |= p->c_action;
580 	}
581 
582 	/*
583 	 * See if multiple alias, -alias, or delete commands were
584 	 * specified. More than one constitutes an invalid command line
585 	 */
586 
587 	if (conflicting > 1)
588 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
589 		    "Only one use of alias, -alias or delete is valid.");
590 
591 	/* Process any media commands that may have been issued. */
592 	process_media_commands();
593 
594 	if (af == AF_INET6 && explicit_prefix == 0) {
595 		/*
596 		 * Aggregatable address architecture defines all prefixes
597 		 * are 64. So, it is convenient to set prefixlen to 64 if
598 		 * it is not specified.
599 		 */
600 		setifprefixlen("64", 0);
601 		/* in6_getprefix("64", MASK) if MASK is available here... */
602 	}
603 
604 #ifndef INET_ONLY
605 	if (af == AF_APPLETALK)
606 		checkatrange(&addreq.ifra_addr);
607 #endif	/* INET_ONLY */
608 
609 	if (clearaddr) {
610 		estrlcpy(afp->af_ridreq, name, sizeof ifr.ifr_name);
611 		if (ioctl(s, afp->af_difaddr, afp->af_ridreq) == -1)
612 			err(EXIT_FAILURE, "SIOCDIFADDR");
613 	}
614 	if (newaddr > 0) {
615 		estrlcpy(afp->af_addreq, name, sizeof ifr.ifr_name);
616 		if (ioctl(s, afp->af_aifaddr, afp->af_addreq) == -1)
617 			warn("SIOCAIFADDR");
618 		else if (check_up_state < 0)
619 			check_up_state = 1;
620 	}
621 
622 	if (have_preference)
623 		do_setifpreference();
624 	if (g_ifcr_updated) {
625 		strlcpy(g_ifcr.ifcr_name, name,
626 		    sizeof(g_ifcr.ifcr_name));
627 		if (ioctl(s, SIOCSIFCAP, &g_ifcr) == -1)
628 			err(EXIT_FAILURE, "SIOCSIFCAP");
629 	}
630 
631 	if (check_up_state == 1)
632 		check_ifflags_up(name);
633 
634 	exit(0);
635 }
636 
637 const struct afswtch *
638 lookup_af_byname(const char *cp)
639 {
640 	const struct afswtch *a;
641 
642 	for (a = afs; a->af_name != NULL; a++)
643 		if (strcmp(a->af_name, cp) == 0)
644 			return (a);
645 	return (NULL);
646 }
647 
648 const struct afswtch *
649 lookup_af_bynum(int afnum)
650 {
651 	const struct afswtch *a;
652 
653 	for (a = afs; a->af_name != NULL; a++)
654 		if (a->af_af == afnum)
655 			return (a);
656 	return (NULL);
657 }
658 
659 void
660 getsock(int naf)
661 {
662 	static int oaf = -1;
663 
664 	if (oaf == naf)
665 		return;
666 	if (oaf != -1)
667 		close(s);
668 	s = socket(naf, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
669 	if (s < 0)
670 		oaf = -1;
671 	else
672 		oaf = naf;
673 }
674 
675 int
676 getinfo(struct ifreq *giifr)
677 {
678 
679 	getsock(af);
680 	if (s < 0)
681 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "socket");
682 	if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFFLAGS, giifr) == -1) {
683 		warn("SIOCGIFFLAGS %s", giifr->ifr_name);
684 		return (-1);
685 	}
686 	flags = giifr->ifr_flags;
687 	if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFMETRIC, giifr) == -1) {
688 		warn("SIOCGIFMETRIC %s", giifr->ifr_name);
689 		metric = 0;
690 	} else
691 		metric = giifr->ifr_metric;
692 	if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFMTU, giifr) == -1)
693 		mtu = 0;
694 	else
695 		mtu = giifr->ifr_mtu;
696 
697 	memset(&g_ifcr, 0, sizeof(g_ifcr));
698 	estrlcpy(g_ifcr.ifcr_name, giifr->ifr_name, sizeof(g_ifcr.ifcr_name));
699 	(void) ioctl(s, SIOCGIFCAP, &g_ifcr);
700 
701 	return (0);
702 }
703 
704 void
705 printall(const char *ifname)
706 {
707 	struct ifaddrs *ifap, *ifa;
708 	struct ifreq paifr;
709 	const struct sockaddr_dl *sdl = NULL;
710 	int idx;
711 	char *p;
712 
713 	if (getifaddrs(&ifap) != 0)
714 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "getifaddrs");
715 	p = NULL;
716 	idx = 0;
717 	for (ifa = ifap; ifa; ifa = ifa->ifa_next) {
718 		memset(&paifr, 0, sizeof(paifr));
719 		estrlcpy(paifr.ifr_name, ifa->ifa_name, sizeof(paifr.ifr_name));
720 		if (sizeof(paifr.ifr_addr) >= ifa->ifa_addr->sa_len) {
721 			memcpy(&paifr.ifr_addr, ifa->ifa_addr,
722 			    ifa->ifa_addr->sa_len);
723 		}
724 
725 		if (ifname && strcmp(ifname, ifa->ifa_name) != 0)
726 			continue;
727 		if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_LINK)
728 			sdl = (const struct sockaddr_dl *) ifa->ifa_addr;
729 		if (p && strcmp(p, ifa->ifa_name) == 0)
730 			continue;
731 		if (strlcpy(name, ifa->ifa_name, sizeof(name)) >= sizeof(name))
732 			continue;
733 		p = ifa->ifa_name;
734 
735 		if (getinfo(&paifr) < 0)
736 			continue;
737 		if (bflag && (ifa->ifa_flags & IFF_BROADCAST) == 0)
738 			continue;
739 		if (dflag && (ifa->ifa_flags & IFF_UP) != 0)
740 			continue;
741 		if (uflag && (ifa->ifa_flags & IFF_UP) == 0)
742 			continue;
743 
744 		if (sflag && carrier())
745 			continue;
746 		idx++;
747 		/*
748 		 * Are we just listing the interfaces?
749 		 */
750 		if (lflag) {
751 			if (idx > 1)
752 				printf(" ");
753 			fputs(name, stdout);
754 			continue;
755 		}
756 
757 		status(sdl);
758 		sdl = NULL;
759 	}
760 	if (lflag)
761 		printf("\n");
762 	freeifaddrs(ifap);
763 }
764 
765 void
766 list_cloners(void)
767 {
768 	struct if_clonereq ifcr;
769 	char *cp, *buf;
770 	int idx;
771 
772 	memset(&ifcr, 0, sizeof(ifcr));
773 
774 	getsock(AF_INET);
775 
776 	if (ioctl(s, SIOCIFGCLONERS, &ifcr) == -1)
777 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "SIOCIFGCLONERS for count");
778 
779 	buf = malloc(ifcr.ifcr_total * IFNAMSIZ);
780 	if (buf == NULL)
781 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "unable to allocate cloner name buffer");
782 
783 	ifcr.ifcr_count = ifcr.ifcr_total;
784 	ifcr.ifcr_buffer = buf;
785 
786 	if (ioctl(s, SIOCIFGCLONERS, &ifcr) == -1)
787 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "SIOCIFGCLONERS for names");
788 
789 	/*
790 	 * In case some disappeared in the mean time, clamp it down.
791 	 */
792 	if (ifcr.ifcr_count > ifcr.ifcr_total)
793 		ifcr.ifcr_count = ifcr.ifcr_total;
794 
795 	for (cp = buf, idx = 0; idx < ifcr.ifcr_count; idx++, cp += IFNAMSIZ) {
796 		if (idx > 0)
797 			printf(" ");
798 		printf("%s", cp);
799 	}
800 
801 	printf("\n");
802 	free(buf);
803 	return;
804 }
805 
806 /*ARGSUSED*/
807 void
808 clone_create(const char *addr, int param)
809 {
810 
811 	/* We're called early... */
812 	getsock(AF_INET);
813 
814 	estrlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, name, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
815 	if (ioctl(s, SIOCIFCREATE, &ifr) == -1)
816 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "SIOCIFCREATE");
817 }
818 
819 /*ARGSUSED*/
820 void
821 clone_destroy(const char *addr, int param)
822 {
823 
824 	estrlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, name, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
825 	if (ioctl(s, SIOCIFDESTROY, &ifr) == -1)
826 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "SIOCIFDESTROY");
827 }
828 
829 /*ARGSUSED*/
830 void
831 setifaddr(const char *addr, int param)
832 {
833 	struct ifreq *siifr;		/* XXX */
834 
835 	/*
836 	 * Delay the ioctl to set the interface addr until flags are all set.
837 	 * The address interpretation may depend on the flags,
838 	 * and the flags may change when the address is set.
839 	 */
840 	setaddr++;
841 	if (newaddr == -1)
842 		newaddr = 1;
843 	if (doalias == 0 && afp->af_gifaddr != 0) {
844 		siifr = (struct ifreq *)afp->af_ridreq;
845 		estrlcpy(siifr->ifr_name, name, sizeof(siifr->ifr_name));
846 		siifr->ifr_addr.sa_family = afp->af_af;
847 		if (ioctl(s, afp->af_gifaddr, afp->af_ridreq) == 0)
848 			clearaddr = 1;
849 		else if (errno == EADDRNOTAVAIL)
850 			/* No address was assigned yet. */
851 			;
852 		else
853 			err(EXIT_FAILURE, "SIOCGIFADDR");
854 	}
855 
856 	(*afp->af_getaddr)(addr, (doalias >= 0 ? ADDR : RIDADDR));
857 }
858 
859 void
860 setifnetmask(const char *addr, int d)
861 {
862 	(*afp->af_getaddr)(addr, MASK);
863 }
864 
865 void
866 setifbroadaddr(const char *addr, int d)
867 {
868 	(*afp->af_getaddr)(addr, DSTADDR);
869 }
870 
871 #define rqtosa(x) (&(((struct ifreq *)(afp->x))->ifr_addr))
872 /*ARGSUSED*/
873 void
874 notealias(const char *addr, int param)
875 {
876 	if (setaddr && doalias == 0 && param < 0)
877 		(void) memcpy(rqtosa(af_ridreq), rqtosa(af_addreq),
878 		    rqtosa(af_addreq)->sa_len);
879 	doalias = param;
880 	if (param < 0) {
881 		clearaddr = 1;
882 		newaddr = 0;
883 		conflicting++;
884 	} else {
885 		clearaddr = 0;
886 		conflicting++;
887 	}
888 }
889 
890 /*ARGSUSED*/
891 void
892 notrailers(const char *vname, int value)
893 {
894 	puts("Note: trailers are no longer sent, but always received");
895 }
896 
897 /*ARGSUSED*/
898 void
899 setifdstaddr(const char *addr, int param)
900 {
901 	(*afp->af_getaddr)(addr, DSTADDR);
902 }
903 
904 void
905 check_ifflags_up(const char *vname)
906 {
907 	struct ifreq ifreq;
908 
909 	estrlcpy(ifreq.ifr_name, name, sizeof(ifreq.ifr_name));
910  	if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFFLAGS, &ifreq) == -1)
911 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "SIOCGIFFLAGS");
912 	if (ifreq.ifr_flags & IFF_UP)
913 		return;
914 	ifreq.ifr_flags |= IFF_UP;
915 	if (ioctl(s, SIOCSIFFLAGS, &ifreq) == -1)
916 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "SIOCSIFFLAGS");
917 }
918 
919 void
920 setifflags(const char *vname, int value)
921 {
922 	struct ifreq ifreq;
923 
924 	estrlcpy(ifreq.ifr_name, name, sizeof(ifreq.ifr_name));
925  	if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFFLAGS, &ifreq) == -1)
926 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "SIOCGIFFLAGS");
927  	flags = ifreq.ifr_flags;
928 
929 	if (value < 0) {
930 		value = -value;
931 		if (value == IFF_UP)
932 			check_up_state = 0;
933 		flags &= ~value;
934 	} else
935 		flags |= value;
936 	ifreq.ifr_flags = flags;
937 	if (ioctl(s, SIOCSIFFLAGS, &ifreq) == -1)
938 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "SIOCSIFFLAGS");
939 }
940 
941 void
942 setifcaps(const char *vname, int value)
943 {
944 
945 	if (value < 0) {
946 		value = -value;
947 		g_ifcr.ifcr_capenable &= ~value;
948 	} else
949 		g_ifcr.ifcr_capenable |= value;
950 
951 	g_ifcr_updated = 1;
952 }
953 
954 void
955 setifmetric(const char *val, int d)
956 {
957 	char *ep = NULL;
958 
959 	estrlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, name, sizeof (ifr.ifr_name));
960 	ifr.ifr_metric = strtoul(val, &ep, 10);
961 	if (!ep || *ep)
962 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: invalid metric", val);
963 	if (ioctl(s, SIOCSIFMETRIC, &ifr) == -1)
964 		warn("SIOCSIFMETRIC");
965 }
966 
967 void
968 setifpreference(const char *val, int d)
969 {
970 	char *end = NULL;
971 	if (setaddr <= 0) {
972 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
973 		    "set address preference: first specify an address");
974 	}
975 	preference = strtoul(val, &end, 10);
976 	if (end == NULL || *end != '\0' || preference > UINT16_MAX)
977 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "invalid preference %s", val);
978 	have_preference = 1;
979 }
980 
981 void
982 do_setifpreference(void)
983 {
984 	struct if_addrprefreq ifap;
985 	(void)strncpy(ifap.ifap_name, name, sizeof(ifap.ifap_name));
986 	ifap.ifap_preference = (uint16_t)preference;
987 	(void)memcpy(&ifap.ifap_addr, rqtosa(af_addreq),
988 	    MIN(sizeof(ifap.ifap_addr), rqtosa(af_addreq)->sa_len));
989 	if (ioctl(s, SIOCSIFADDRPREF, &ifap) == -1)
990 		warn("SIOCSIFADDRPREF");
991 }
992 
993 void
994 setifmtu(const char *val, int d)
995 {
996 	char *ep = NULL;
997 
998 	estrlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, name, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
999 	ifr.ifr_mtu = strtoul(val, &ep, 10);
1000 	if (!ep || *ep)
1001 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: invalid mtu", val);
1002 	if (ioctl(s, SIOCSIFMTU, &ifr) == -1)
1003 		warn("SIOCSIFMTU");
1004 }
1005 
1006 const char *
1007 get_string(const char *val, const char *sep, u_int8_t *buf, int *lenp)
1008 {
1009 	int len;
1010 	bool hexstr;
1011 	u_int8_t *p;
1012 
1013 	len = *lenp;
1014 	p = buf;
1015 	hexstr = (val[0] == '0' && tolower((u_char)val[1]) == 'x');
1016 	if (hexstr)
1017 		val += 2;
1018 	for (;;) {
1019 		if (*val == '\0')
1020 			break;
1021 		if (sep != NULL && strchr(sep, *val) != NULL) {
1022 			val++;
1023 			break;
1024 		}
1025 		if (hexstr) {
1026 			if (!isxdigit((u_char)val[0]) ||
1027 			    !isxdigit((u_char)val[1])) {
1028 				warnx("bad hexadecimal digits");
1029 				return NULL;
1030 			}
1031 		}
1032 		if (p > buf + len) {
1033 			if (hexstr)
1034 				warnx("hexadecimal digits too long");
1035 			else
1036 				warnx("strings too long");
1037 			return NULL;
1038 		}
1039 		if (hexstr) {
1040 #define	tohex(x)	(isdigit(x) ? (x) - '0' : tolower(x) - 'a' + 10)
1041 			*p++ = (tohex((u_char)val[0]) << 4) |
1042 			    tohex((u_char)val[1]);
1043 #undef tohex
1044 			val += 2;
1045 		} else
1046 			*p++ = *val++;
1047 	}
1048 	len = p - buf;
1049 	if (len < *lenp)
1050 		memset(p, 0, *lenp - len);
1051 	*lenp = len;
1052 	return val;
1053 }
1054 
1055 void
1056 print_string(const u_int8_t *buf, int len)
1057 {
1058 	int i;
1059 	bool hasspc;
1060 
1061 	i = 0;
1062 	hasspc = false;
1063 	if (len < 2 || buf[0] != '0' || tolower(buf[1]) != 'x') {
1064 		for (; i < len; i++) {
1065 			if (!isprint(buf[i]))
1066 				break;
1067 			if (isspace(buf[i]))
1068 				hasspc = true;
1069 		}
1070 	}
1071 	if (i == len) {
1072 		if (hasspc || len == 0)
1073 			printf("\"%.*s\"", len, buf);
1074 		else
1075 			printf("%.*s", len, buf);
1076 	} else {
1077 		printf("0x");
1078 		for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
1079 			printf("%02x", buf[i]);
1080 	}
1081 }
1082 
1083 static void
1084 media_error(int type, const char *val, const char *opt)
1085 {
1086 	errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "unknown %s media %s: %s",
1087 		get_media_type_string(type), opt, val);
1088 }
1089 
1090 void
1091 init_current_media(void)
1092 {
1093 	struct ifmediareq ifmr;
1094 
1095 	/*
1096 	 * If we have not yet done so, grab the currently-selected
1097 	 * media.
1098 	 */
1099 	if ((actions & (A_MEDIA|A_MEDIAOPT|A_MEDIAMODE)) == 0) {
1100 		(void) memset(&ifmr, 0, sizeof(ifmr));
1101 		estrlcpy(ifmr.ifm_name, name, sizeof(ifmr.ifm_name));
1102 
1103 		if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFMEDIA, &ifmr) == -1) {
1104 			/*
1105 			 * If we get E2BIG, the kernel is telling us
1106 			 * that there are more, so we can ignore it.
1107 			 */
1108 			if (errno != E2BIG)
1109 				err(EXIT_FAILURE, "SGIOCGIFMEDIA");
1110 		}
1111 
1112 		media_current = ifmr.ifm_current;
1113 	}
1114 
1115 	/* Sanity. */
1116 	if (IFM_TYPE(media_current) == 0)
1117 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: no link type?", name);
1118 }
1119 
1120 void
1121 process_media_commands(void)
1122 {
1123 
1124 	if ((actions & (A_MEDIA|A_MEDIAOPT|A_MEDIAMODE)) == 0) {
1125 		/* Nothing to do. */
1126 		return;
1127 	}
1128 
1129 	/*
1130 	 * Media already set up, and commands sanity-checked.  Set/clear
1131 	 * any options, and we're ready to go.
1132 	 */
1133 	media_current |= mediaopt_set;
1134 	media_current &= ~mediaopt_clear;
1135 
1136 	estrlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, name, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
1137 	ifr.ifr_media = media_current;
1138 
1139 	if (ioctl(s, SIOCSIFMEDIA, &ifr) == -1)
1140 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "SIOCSIFMEDIA");
1141 }
1142 
1143 void
1144 setmedia(const char *val, int d)
1145 {
1146 	int type, subtype, inst;
1147 
1148 	init_current_media();
1149 
1150 	/* Only one media command may be given. */
1151 	if (actions & A_MEDIA)
1152 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "only one `media' command may be issued");
1153 
1154 	/* Must not come after mode commands */
1155 	if (actions & A_MEDIAMODE)
1156 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
1157 		    "may not issue `media' after `mode' commands");
1158 
1159 	/* Must not come after mediaopt commands */
1160 	if (actions & A_MEDIAOPT)
1161 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
1162 		    "may not issue `media' after `mediaopt' commands");
1163 
1164 	/*
1165 	 * No need to check if `instance' has been issued; setmediainst()
1166 	 * craps out if `media' has not been specified.
1167 	 */
1168 
1169 	type = IFM_TYPE(media_current);
1170 	inst = IFM_INST(media_current);
1171 
1172 	/* Look up the subtype. */
1173 	subtype = get_media_subtype(type, val);
1174 	if (subtype == -1)
1175 		media_error(type, val, "subtype");
1176 
1177 	/* Build the new current media word. */
1178 	media_current = IFM_MAKEWORD(type, subtype, 0, inst);
1179 
1180 	/* Media will be set after other processing is complete. */
1181 }
1182 
1183 void
1184 setmediaopt(const char *val, int d)
1185 {
1186 	char *invalid;
1187 
1188 	init_current_media();
1189 
1190 	/* Can only issue `mediaopt' once. */
1191 	if (actions & A_MEDIAOPTSET)
1192 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "only one `mediaopt' command may be issued");
1193 
1194 	/* Can't issue `mediaopt' if `instance' has already been issued. */
1195 	if (actions & A_MEDIAINST)
1196 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "may not issue `mediaopt' after `instance'");
1197 
1198 	mediaopt_set = get_media_options(media_current, val, &invalid);
1199 	if (mediaopt_set == -1)
1200 		media_error(media_current, invalid, "option");
1201 
1202 	/* Media will be set after other processing is complete. */
1203 }
1204 
1205 void
1206 unsetmediaopt(const char *val, int d)
1207 {
1208 	char *invalid;
1209 
1210 	init_current_media();
1211 
1212 	/* Can only issue `-mediaopt' once. */
1213 	if (actions & A_MEDIAOPTCLR)
1214 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
1215 		    "only one `-mediaopt' command may be issued");
1216 
1217 	/* May not issue `media' and `-mediaopt'. */
1218 	if (actions & A_MEDIA)
1219 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
1220 		    "may not issue both `media' and `-mediaopt'");
1221 
1222 	/*
1223 	 * No need to check for A_MEDIAINST, since the test for A_MEDIA
1224 	 * implicitly checks for A_MEDIAINST.
1225 	 */
1226 
1227 	mediaopt_clear = get_media_options(media_current, val, &invalid);
1228 	if (mediaopt_clear == -1)
1229 		media_error(media_current, invalid, "option");
1230 
1231 	/* Media will be set after other processing is complete. */
1232 }
1233 
1234 void
1235 setmediainst(const char *val, int d)
1236 {
1237 	int type, subtype, options, inst;
1238 
1239 	init_current_media();
1240 
1241 	/* Can only issue `instance' once. */
1242 	if (actions & A_MEDIAINST)
1243 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "only one `instance' command may be issued");
1244 
1245 	/* Must have already specified `media' */
1246 	if ((actions & A_MEDIA) == 0)
1247 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "must specify `media' before `instance'");
1248 
1249 	type = IFM_TYPE(media_current);
1250 	subtype = IFM_SUBTYPE(media_current);
1251 	options = IFM_OPTIONS(media_current);
1252 
1253 	inst = atoi(val);
1254 	if (inst < 0 || inst > IFM_INST_MAX)
1255 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "invalid media instance: %s", val);
1256 
1257 	media_current = IFM_MAKEWORD(type, subtype, options, inst);
1258 
1259 	/* Media will be set after other processing is complete. */
1260 }
1261 
1262 void
1263 setmediamode(const char *val, int d)
1264 {
1265 	int type, subtype, options, inst, mode;
1266 
1267 	init_current_media();
1268 
1269 	/* Can only issue `mode' once. */
1270 	if (actions & A_MEDIAMODE)
1271 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "only one `mode' command may be issued");
1272 
1273 	type = IFM_TYPE(media_current);
1274 	subtype = IFM_SUBTYPE(media_current);
1275 	options = IFM_OPTIONS(media_current);
1276 	inst = IFM_INST(media_current);
1277 
1278 	mode = get_media_mode(type, val);
1279 	if (mode == -1)
1280 		media_error(type, val, "mode");
1281 
1282 	media_current = IFM_MAKEWORD(type, subtype, options, inst) | mode;
1283 
1284 	/* Media will be set after other processing is complete. */
1285 }
1286 
1287 void
1288 print_media_word(int ifmw, const char *opt_sep)
1289 {
1290 	const char *str;
1291 
1292 	printf("%s", get_media_subtype_string(ifmw));
1293 
1294 	/* Find mode. */
1295 	if (IFM_MODE(ifmw) != 0) {
1296 		str = get_media_mode_string(ifmw);
1297 		if (str != NULL)
1298 			printf(" mode %s", str);
1299 	}
1300 
1301 	/* Find options. */
1302 	for (; (str = get_media_option_string(&ifmw)) != NULL; opt_sep = ",")
1303 		printf("%s%s", opt_sep, str);
1304 
1305 	if (IFM_INST(ifmw) != 0)
1306 		printf(" instance %d", IFM_INST(ifmw));
1307 }
1308 
1309 int
1310 carrier(void)
1311 {
1312 	struct ifmediareq ifmr;
1313 
1314 	(void) memset(&ifmr, 0, sizeof(ifmr));
1315 	estrlcpy(ifmr.ifm_name, name, sizeof(ifmr.ifm_name));
1316 
1317 	if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFMEDIA, &ifmr) == -1) {
1318 		/*
1319 		 * Interface doesn't support SIOC{G,S}IFMEDIA;
1320 		 * assume ok.
1321 		 */
1322 		return 0;
1323 	}
1324 	if ((ifmr.ifm_status & IFM_AVALID) == 0) {
1325 		/*
1326 		 * Interface doesn't report media-valid status.
1327 		 * assume ok.
1328 		 */
1329 		return 0;
1330 	}
1331 	/* otherwise, return ok for active, not-ok if not active. */
1332 	return !(ifmr.ifm_status & IFM_ACTIVE);
1333 }
1334 
1335 
1336 const int ifm_status_valid_list[] = IFM_STATUS_VALID_LIST;
1337 
1338 const struct ifmedia_status_description ifm_status_descriptions[] =
1339     IFM_STATUS_DESCRIPTIONS;
1340 
1341 /*
1342  * Print the status of the interface.  If an address family was
1343  * specified, show it and it only; otherwise, show them all.
1344  */
1345 void
1346 status(const struct sockaddr_dl *sdl)
1347 {
1348 	const struct afswtch *p = afp;
1349 	struct ifmediareq ifmr;
1350 	struct ifdatareq ifdr;
1351 	int *media_list, i;
1352 	char hbuf[NI_MAXHOST];
1353 	char fbuf[BUFSIZ];
1354 
1355 	(void)snprintb(fbuf, sizeof(fbuf), IFFBITS, flags);
1356 	printf("%s: flags=%s", name, &fbuf[2]);
1357 	if (metric)
1358 		printf(" metric %lu", metric);
1359 	if (mtu)
1360 		printf(" mtu %lu", mtu);
1361 	printf("\n");
1362 
1363 	if (g_ifcr.ifcr_capabilities) {
1364 		(void)snprintb(fbuf, sizeof(fbuf), IFCAPBITS,
1365 		    g_ifcr.ifcr_capabilities);
1366 		printf("\tcapabilities=%s\n", &fbuf[2]);
1367 		(void)snprintb(fbuf, sizeof(fbuf), IFCAPBITS,
1368 		    g_ifcr.ifcr_capenable);
1369 		printf("\tenabled=%s\n", &fbuf[2]);
1370 	}
1371 
1372 	ieee80211_status();
1373 	vlan_status();
1374 #ifndef INET_ONLY
1375 	carp_status();
1376 #endif
1377 	tunnel_status();
1378 	agr_status();
1379 
1380 	if (sdl != NULL &&
1381 	    getnameinfo((const struct sockaddr *)sdl, sdl->sdl_len,
1382 		hbuf, sizeof(hbuf), NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST) == 0 &&
1383 	    hbuf[0] != '\0')
1384 		printf("\taddress: %s\n", hbuf);
1385 
1386 	(void) memset(&ifmr, 0, sizeof(ifmr));
1387 	estrlcpy(ifmr.ifm_name, name, sizeof(ifmr.ifm_name));
1388 
1389 	if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFMEDIA, &ifmr) == -1) {
1390 		/*
1391 		 * Interface doesn't support SIOC{G,S}IFMEDIA.
1392 		 */
1393 		goto iface_stats;
1394 	}
1395 
1396 	if (ifmr.ifm_count == 0) {
1397 		warnx("%s: no media types?", name);
1398 		goto iface_stats;
1399 	}
1400 
1401 	media_list = (int *)malloc(ifmr.ifm_count * sizeof(int));
1402 	if (media_list == NULL)
1403 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "malloc");
1404 	ifmr.ifm_ulist = media_list;
1405 
1406 	if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFMEDIA, &ifmr) == -1)
1407 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "SIOCGIFMEDIA");
1408 
1409 	printf("\tmedia: %s ", get_media_type_string(ifmr.ifm_current));
1410 	print_media_word(ifmr.ifm_current, " ");
1411 	if (ifmr.ifm_active != ifmr.ifm_current) {
1412 		printf(" (");
1413 		print_media_word(ifmr.ifm_active, " ");
1414 		printf(")");
1415 	}
1416 	printf("\n");
1417 
1418 	if (ifmr.ifm_status & IFM_STATUS_VALID) {
1419 		const struct ifmedia_status_description *ifms;
1420 		int bitno, found = 0;
1421 
1422 		printf("\tstatus: ");
1423 		for (bitno = 0; ifm_status_valid_list[bitno] != 0; bitno++) {
1424 			for (ifms = ifm_status_descriptions;
1425 			     ifms->ifms_valid != 0; ifms++) {
1426 				if (ifms->ifms_type !=
1427 				      IFM_TYPE(ifmr.ifm_current) ||
1428 				    ifms->ifms_valid !=
1429 				      ifm_status_valid_list[bitno])
1430 					continue;
1431 				printf("%s%s", found ? ", " : "",
1432 				    IFM_STATUS_DESC(ifms, ifmr.ifm_status));
1433 				found = 1;
1434 
1435 				/*
1436 				 * For each valid indicator bit, there's
1437 				 * only one entry for each media type, so
1438 				 * terminate the inner loop now.
1439 				 */
1440 				break;
1441 			}
1442 		}
1443 
1444 		if (found == 0)
1445 			printf("unknown");
1446 		printf("\n");
1447 	}
1448 
1449 	if (mflag) {
1450 		int type, printed_type;
1451 
1452 		for (type = IFM_NMIN; type <= IFM_NMAX; type += IFM_NMIN) {
1453 			for (i = 0, printed_type = 0; i < ifmr.ifm_count; i++) {
1454 				if (IFM_TYPE(media_list[i]) != type)
1455 					continue;
1456 				if (printed_type == 0) {
1457 					printf("\tsupported %s media:\n",
1458 					    get_media_type_string(type));
1459 					printed_type = 1;
1460 				}
1461 				printf("\t\tmedia ");
1462 				print_media_word(media_list[i], " mediaopt ");
1463 				printf("\n");
1464 			}
1465 		}
1466 	}
1467 
1468 	free(media_list);
1469 
1470  iface_stats:
1471 	if (!vflag && !zflag)
1472 		goto proto_status;
1473 
1474 	estrlcpy(ifdr.ifdr_name, name, sizeof(ifdr.ifdr_name));
1475 
1476 	if (ioctl(s, zflag ? SIOCZIFDATA:SIOCGIFDATA, &ifdr) == -1) {
1477 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, zflag ? "SIOCZIFDATA" : "SIOCGIFDATA");
1478 	} else {
1479 		struct if_data * const ifi = &ifdr.ifdr_data;
1480 		char buf[5];
1481 
1482 #define	PLURAL(n)	((n) == 1 ? "" : "s")
1483 #define PLURALSTR(s)	((atof(s)) == 1.0 ? "" : "s")
1484 		printf("\tinput: %llu packet%s, ",
1485 		    (unsigned long long) ifi->ifi_ipackets,
1486 		    PLURAL(ifi->ifi_ipackets));
1487 		if (hflag) {
1488 			(void) humanize_number(buf, sizeof(buf),
1489 			    (int64_t) ifi->ifi_ibytes, "", HN_AUTOSCALE,
1490 			    HN_NOSPACE | HN_DECIMAL);
1491 			printf("%s byte%s", buf,
1492 			    PLURALSTR(buf));
1493 		} else
1494 			printf("%llu byte%s",
1495 			    (unsigned long long) ifi->ifi_ibytes,
1496 		            PLURAL(ifi->ifi_ibytes));
1497 		if (ifi->ifi_imcasts)
1498 			printf(", %llu multicast%s",
1499 			    (unsigned long long) ifi->ifi_imcasts,
1500 			    PLURAL(ifi->ifi_imcasts));
1501 		if (ifi->ifi_ierrors)
1502 			printf(", %llu error%s",
1503 			    (unsigned long long) ifi->ifi_ierrors,
1504 			    PLURAL(ifi->ifi_ierrors));
1505 		if (ifi->ifi_iqdrops)
1506 			printf(", %llu queue drop%s",
1507 			    (unsigned long long) ifi->ifi_iqdrops,
1508 			    PLURAL(ifi->ifi_iqdrops));
1509 		if (ifi->ifi_noproto)
1510 			printf(", %llu unknown protocol",
1511 			    (unsigned long long) ifi->ifi_noproto);
1512 		printf("\n\toutput: %llu packet%s, ",
1513 		    (unsigned long long) ifi->ifi_opackets,
1514 		    PLURAL(ifi->ifi_opackets));
1515 		if (hflag) {
1516 			(void) humanize_number(buf, sizeof(buf),
1517 			    (int64_t) ifi->ifi_obytes, "", HN_AUTOSCALE,
1518 			    HN_NOSPACE | HN_DECIMAL);
1519 			printf("%s byte%s", buf,
1520 			    PLURALSTR(buf));
1521 		} else
1522 			printf("%llu byte%s",
1523 			    (unsigned long long) ifi->ifi_obytes,
1524 			    PLURAL(ifi->ifi_obytes));
1525 		if (ifi->ifi_omcasts)
1526 			printf(", %llu multicast%s",
1527 			    (unsigned long long) ifi->ifi_omcasts,
1528 			    PLURAL(ifi->ifi_omcasts));
1529 		if (ifi->ifi_oerrors)
1530 			printf(", %llu error%s",
1531 			    (unsigned long long) ifi->ifi_oerrors,
1532 			    PLURAL(ifi->ifi_oerrors));
1533 		if (ifi->ifi_collisions)
1534 			printf(", %llu collision%s",
1535 			    (unsigned long long) ifi->ifi_collisions,
1536 			    PLURAL(ifi->ifi_collisions));
1537 		printf("\n");
1538 #undef PLURAL
1539 #undef PLURALSTR
1540 	}
1541 
1542 	ieee80211_statistics();
1543 
1544  proto_status:
1545 	if ((p = afp) != NULL) {
1546 		(*p->af_status)(1);
1547 	} else for (p = afs; p->af_name; p++) {
1548 		ifr.ifr_addr.sa_family = p->af_af;
1549 		(*p->af_status)(0);
1550 	}
1551 }
1552 
1553 void
1554 setifprefixlen(const char *addr, int d)
1555 {
1556 	if (*afp->af_getprefix)
1557 		(*afp->af_getprefix)(addr, MASK);
1558 	explicit_prefix = 1;
1559 }
1560 
1561 void
1562 usage(void)
1563 {
1564 	const char *progname = getprogname();
1565 
1566 	fprintf(stderr,
1567 	    "usage: %s [-h] [-m] [-v] [-z] "
1568 #ifdef INET6
1569 		"[-L] "
1570 #endif
1571 		"interface\n"
1572 		"\t[ af [ address [ dest_addr ] ] [ netmask mask ] [ prefixlen n ]\n"
1573 		"\t\t[ alias | -alias ] ]\n"
1574 		"\t[ up ] [ down ] [ metric n ] [ mtu n ]\n"
1575 		"\t[ nwid network_id ] [ nwkey network_key | -nwkey ]\n"
1576 		"\t[ list scan ]\n"
1577 		"\t[ powersave | -powersave ] [ powersavesleep duration ]\n"
1578 		"\t[ hidessid | -hidessid ] [ apbridge | -apbridge ]\n"
1579 		"\t[ [ af ] tunnel src_addr dest_addr ] [ deletetunnel ]\n"
1580 		"\t[ arp | -arp ]\n"
1581 		"\t[ media type ] [ mediaopt opts ] [ -mediaopt opts ] "
1582 		"[ instance minst ]\n"
1583 		"\t[ preference n ]\n"
1584 		"\t[ vlan n vlanif i ]\n"
1585 		"\t[ agrport i ] [ -agrport i ]\n"
1586 		"\t[ anycast | -anycast ] [ deprecated | -deprecated ]\n"
1587 		"\t[ tentative | -tentative ] [ pltime n ] [ vltime n ] [ eui64 ]\n"
1588 		"\t[ link0 | -link0 ] [ link1 | -link1 ] [ link2 | -link2 ]\n"
1589 		"       %s -a [-b] [-h] [-m] [-d] [-u] [-v] [-z] [ af ]\n"
1590 		"       %s -l [-b] [-d] [-u] [-s]\n"
1591 		"       %s -C\n"
1592 		"       %s interface create\n"
1593 		"       %s interface destroy\n",
1594 		progname, progname, progname, progname, progname, progname);
1595 	exit(1);
1596 }
1597