xref: /netbsd-src/sbin/fsck_ffs/setup.c (revision 23c8222edbfb0f0932d88a8351d3a0cf817dfb9e)
1 /*	$NetBSD: setup.c,v 1.74 2004/10/29 19:02:17 dsl Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
33 #ifndef lint
34 #if 0
35 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)setup.c	8.10 (Berkeley) 5/9/95";
36 #else
37 __RCSID("$NetBSD: setup.c,v 1.74 2004/10/29 19:02:17 dsl Exp $");
38 #endif
39 #endif /* not lint */
40 
41 #include <sys/param.h>
42 #include <sys/time.h>
43 #include <sys/stat.h>
44 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
45 #define FSTYPENAMES
46 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
47 #include <sys/file.h>
48 
49 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
50 #include <ufs/ufs/dir.h>
51 #include <ufs/ufs/ufs_bswap.h>
52 #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
53 #include <ufs/ffs/ffs_extern.h>
54 
55 #include <ctype.h>
56 #include <err.h>
57 #include <errno.h>
58 #include <stdio.h>
59 #include <stdlib.h>
60 #include <string.h>
61 
62 #include "fsck.h"
63 #include "extern.h"
64 #include "fsutil.h"
65 
66 #define POWEROF2(num)	(((num) & ((num) - 1)) == 0)
67 
68 static void badsb(int, char *);
69 static int calcsb(const char *, int, struct fs *);
70 static struct disklabel *getdisklabel(const char *, int);
71 static struct partition *getdisklabelpart(const char *, struct disklabel *);
72 static int readsb(int);
73 static int readappleufs(void);
74 
75 int16_t sblkpostbl[256];
76 
77 /*
78  * Read in a superblock finding an alternate if necessary.
79  * Return 1 if successful, 0 if unsuccessful, -1 if filesystem
80  * is already clean (preen mode only).
81  */
82 int
83 setup(dev)
84 	const char *dev;
85 {
86 	long cg, size, asked, i, j;
87 	long bmapsize;
88 	struct disklabel *lp;
89 	off_t sizepb;
90 	struct stat statb;
91 	struct fs proto;
92 	int doskipclean;
93 	u_int64_t maxfilesize;
94 	struct csum *ccsp;
95 
96 	havesb = 0;
97 	fswritefd = -1;
98 	doskipclean = skipclean;
99 	if (stat(dev, &statb) < 0) {
100 		printf("Can't stat %s: %s\n", dev, strerror(errno));
101 		return (0);
102 	}
103 	if (!forceimage && !S_ISCHR(statb.st_mode)) {
104 		pfatal("%s is not a character device", dev);
105 		if (reply("CONTINUE") == 0)
106 			return (0);
107 	}
108 	if ((fsreadfd = open(dev, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
109 		printf("Can't open %s: %s\n", dev, strerror(errno));
110 		return (0);
111 	}
112 	if (nflag || (fswritefd = open(dev, O_WRONLY)) < 0) {
113 		fswritefd = -1;
114 		if (preen)
115 			pfatal("NO WRITE ACCESS");
116 		printf("** %s (NO WRITE)\n", dev);
117 		quiet = 0;
118 	} else
119 		if (!preen && !quiet)
120 			printf("** %s\n", dev);
121 	fsmodified = 0;
122 	lfdir = 0;
123 	initbarea(&sblk);
124 	initbarea(&asblk);
125 	sblk.b_un.b_buf = malloc(SBLOCKSIZE);
126 	sblock = malloc(SBLOCKSIZE);
127 	asblk.b_un.b_buf = malloc(SBLOCKSIZE);
128 	altsblock = malloc(SBLOCKSIZE);
129 	if (sblk.b_un.b_buf == NULL || asblk.b_un.b_buf == NULL ||
130 		sblock == NULL || altsblock == NULL)
131 		errx(EEXIT, "cannot allocate space for superblock");
132 	if (!forceimage && (lp = getdisklabel(NULL, fsreadfd)) != NULL)
133 		dev_bsize = secsize = lp->d_secsize;
134 	else
135 		dev_bsize = secsize = DEV_BSIZE;
136 	/*
137 	 * Read in the superblock, looking for alternates if necessary
138 	 */
139 	if (readsb(1) == 0) {
140 		if (bflag || preen || forceimage ||
141 		    calcsb(dev, fsreadfd, &proto) == 0)
142 			return(0);
143 		if (reply("LOOK FOR ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS") == 0)
144 			return (0);
145 		for (cg = 0; cg < proto.fs_ncg; cg++) {
146 			bflag = fsbtodb(&proto, cgsblock(&proto, cg));
147 			if (readsb(0) != 0)
148 				break;
149 		}
150 		if (cg >= proto.fs_ncg) {
151 			printf("%s %s\n%s %s\n%s %s\n",
152 				"SEARCH FOR ALTERNATE SUPER-BLOCK",
153 				"FAILED. YOU MUST USE THE",
154 				"-b OPTION TO fsck_ffs TO SPECIFY THE",
155 				"LOCATION OF AN ALTERNATE",
156 				"SUPER-BLOCK TO SUPPLY NEEDED",
157 				"INFORMATION; SEE fsck_ffs(8).");
158 			return(0);
159 		}
160 		doskipclean = 0;
161 		pwarn("USING ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCK AT %d\n", bflag);
162 	}
163 	if (debug)
164 		printf("clean = %d\n", sblock->fs_clean);
165 	if (doswap)
166 		doskipclean = 0;
167 	if (sblock->fs_clean & FS_ISCLEAN) {
168 		if (doskipclean) {
169 			if (!quiet)
170 				pwarn("%sile system is clean; not checking\n",
171 				    preen ? "f" : "** F");
172 			return (-1);
173 		}
174 		if (!preen && !doswap)
175 			pwarn("** File system is already clean\n");
176 	}
177 	maxfsblock = sblock->fs_size;
178 	maxino = sblock->fs_ncg * sblock->fs_ipg;
179 	sizepb = sblock->fs_bsize;
180 	maxfilesize = sblock->fs_bsize * NDADDR - 1;
181 	for (i = 0; i < NIADDR; i++) {
182 		sizepb *= NINDIR(sblock);
183 		maxfilesize += sizepb;
184 	}
185 	if ((!is_ufs2 && cvtlevel >= 4) &&
186 			(sblock->fs_old_flags & FS_FLAGS_UPDATED) == 0) {
187 		if (preen)
188 			pwarn("CONVERTING TO NEW SUPERBLOCK LAYOUT\n");
189 		else if (!reply("CONVERT TO NEW SUPERBLOCK LAYOUT"))
190 			return(0);
191 		sblock->fs_old_flags |= FS_FLAGS_UPDATED;
192 		/* Disable the postbl tables */
193 		sblock->fs_old_cpc = 0;
194 		sblock->fs_old_nrpos = 1;
195 		sblock->fs_old_trackskew = 0;
196 		/* The other fields have already been updated by
197 		 * sb_oldfscompat_read
198 		 */
199 		sbdirty();
200 	}
201 	if (!is_ufs2 && cvtlevel == 3 &&
202 	    (sblock->fs_old_flags & FS_FLAGS_UPDATED)) {
203 		if (preen)
204 			pwarn("DOWNGRADING TO OLD SUPERBLOCK LAYOUT\n");
205 		else if (!reply("DOWNGRADE TO OLD SUPERBLOCK LAYOUT"))
206 			return(0);
207 		sblock->fs_old_flags &= ~FS_FLAGS_UPDATED;
208 		sb_oldfscompat_write(sblock, sblock);
209 		sblock->fs_old_flags &= ~FS_FLAGS_UPDATED; /* just in case */
210 		/* Leave postbl tables disabled, but blank its superblock region anyway */
211 		sblock->fs_old_postblformat = FS_DYNAMICPOSTBLFMT;
212 		sblock->fs_old_cpc = 0;
213 		sblock->fs_old_nrpos = 1;
214 		sblock->fs_old_trackskew = 0;
215 		memset(&sblock->fs_old_postbl_start, 0xff, 256);
216 		sb_oldfscompat_read(sblock, &sblocksave);
217 		sbdirty();
218 	}
219 	/*
220 	 * Check and potentially fix certain fields in the super block.
221 	 */
222 	if (sblock->fs_optim != FS_OPTTIME && sblock->fs_optim != FS_OPTSPACE) {
223 		pfatal("UNDEFINED OPTIMIZATION IN SUPERBLOCK");
224 		if (reply("SET TO DEFAULT") == 1) {
225 			sblock->fs_optim = FS_OPTTIME;
226 			sbdirty();
227 		}
228 	}
229 	if ((sblock->fs_minfree < 0 || sblock->fs_minfree > 99)) {
230 		pfatal("IMPOSSIBLE MINFREE=%d IN SUPERBLOCK",
231 			sblock->fs_minfree);
232 		if (reply("SET TO DEFAULT") == 1) {
233 			sblock->fs_minfree = 10;
234 			sbdirty();
235 		}
236 	}
237 	if (!is_ufs2 && sblock->fs_old_postblformat != FS_42POSTBLFMT &&
238 	    (sblock->fs_old_interleave < 1 ||
239 	    sblock->fs_old_interleave > sblock->fs_old_nsect)) {
240 		pwarn("IMPOSSIBLE INTERLEAVE=%d IN SUPERBLOCK",
241 			sblock->fs_old_interleave);
242 		sblock->fs_old_interleave = 1;
243 		if (preen)
244 			printf(" (FIXED)\n");
245 		if (preen || reply("SET TO DEFAULT") == 1) {
246 			sbdirty();
247 			dirty(&asblk);
248 		}
249 	}
250 	if (!is_ufs2 && sblock->fs_old_postblformat != FS_42POSTBLFMT &&
251 	    (sblock->fs_old_npsect < sblock->fs_old_nsect ||
252 	    sblock->fs_old_npsect > sblock->fs_old_nsect*2)) {
253 		pwarn("IMPOSSIBLE NPSECT=%d IN SUPERBLOCK",
254 			sblock->fs_old_npsect);
255 		sblock->fs_old_npsect = sblock->fs_old_nsect;
256 		if (preen)
257 			printf(" (FIXED)\n");
258 		if (preen || reply("SET TO DEFAULT") == 1) {
259 			sbdirty();
260 			dirty(&asblk);
261 		}
262 	}
263 	if (sblock->fs_bmask != ~(sblock->fs_bsize - 1)) {
264 		pwarn("INCORRECT BMASK=0x%x IN SUPERBLOCK",
265 			sblock->fs_bmask);
266 		sblock->fs_bmask = ~(sblock->fs_bsize - 1);
267 		if (preen)
268 			printf(" (FIXED)\n");
269 		if (preen || reply("FIX") == 1) {
270 			sbdirty();
271 			dirty(&asblk);
272 		}
273 	}
274 	if (sblock->fs_fmask != ~(sblock->fs_fsize - 1)) {
275 		pwarn("INCORRECT FMASK=0x%x IN SUPERBLOCK",
276 			sblock->fs_fmask);
277 		sblock->fs_fmask = ~(sblock->fs_fsize - 1);
278 		if (preen)
279 			printf(" (FIXED)\n");
280 		if (preen || reply("FIX") == 1) {
281 			sbdirty();
282 			dirty(&asblk);
283 		}
284 	}
285 	if (sblock->fs_old_inodefmt >= FS_44INODEFMT) {
286 		if (sblock->fs_maxfilesize != maxfilesize) {
287 			pwarn("INCORRECT MAXFILESIZE=%lld IN SUPERBLOCK",
288 			    (unsigned long long)sblock->fs_maxfilesize);
289 			sblock->fs_maxfilesize = maxfilesize;
290 			if (preen)
291 				printf(" (FIXED)\n");
292 			if (preen || reply("FIX") == 1) {
293 				sbdirty();
294 				dirty(&asblk);
295 			}
296 		}
297 		if ((is_ufs2 && sblock->fs_maxsymlinklen != MAXSYMLINKLEN_UFS2)
298 		    ||
299 		   (!is_ufs2 && sblock->fs_maxsymlinklen != MAXSYMLINKLEN_UFS1))
300 		    {
301 			pwarn("INCORRECT MAXSYMLINKLEN=%d IN SUPERBLOCK",
302 				sblock->fs_maxsymlinklen);
303 			sblock->fs_maxsymlinklen = is_ufs2 ?
304 			    MAXSYMLINKLEN_UFS2 : MAXSYMLINKLEN_UFS1;
305 			if (preen)
306 				printf(" (FIXED)\n");
307 			if (preen || reply("FIX") == 1) {
308 				sbdirty();
309 				dirty(&asblk);
310 			}
311 		}
312 		if (sblock->fs_qbmask != ~sblock->fs_bmask) {
313 			pwarn("INCORRECT QBMASK=%#llx IN SUPERBLOCK",
314 			    (unsigned long long)sblock->fs_qbmask);
315 			sblock->fs_qbmask = ~sblock->fs_bmask;
316 			if (preen)
317 				printf(" (FIXED)\n");
318 			if (preen || reply("FIX") == 1) {
319 				sbdirty();
320 				dirty(&asblk);
321 			}
322 		}
323 		if (sblock->fs_qfmask != ~sblock->fs_fmask) {
324 			pwarn("INCORRECT QFMASK=%#llx IN SUPERBLOCK",
325 			    (unsigned long long)sblock->fs_qfmask);
326 			sblock->fs_qfmask = ~sblock->fs_fmask;
327 			if (preen)
328 				printf(" (FIXED)\n");
329 			if (preen || reply("FIX") == 1) {
330 				sbdirty();
331 				dirty(&asblk);
332 			}
333 		}
334 		newinofmt = 1;
335 	} else {
336 		sblock->fs_qbmask = ~sblock->fs_bmask;
337 		sblock->fs_qfmask = ~sblock->fs_fmask;
338 		newinofmt = 0;
339 	}
340 	/*
341 	 * Convert to new inode format.
342 	 */
343 	if (!is_ufs2 && cvtlevel >= 2 &&
344 	    sblock->fs_old_inodefmt < FS_44INODEFMT) {
345 		if (preen)
346 			pwarn("CONVERTING TO NEW INODE FORMAT\n");
347 		else if (!reply("CONVERT TO NEW INODE FORMAT"))
348 			return(0);
349 		doinglevel2++;
350 		sblock->fs_old_inodefmt = FS_44INODEFMT;
351 		sblock->fs_maxfilesize = maxfilesize;
352 		sblock->fs_maxsymlinklen = MAXSYMLINKLEN_UFS1;
353 		sblock->fs_qbmask = ~sblock->fs_bmask;
354 		sblock->fs_qfmask = ~sblock->fs_fmask;
355 		sbdirty();
356 		dirty(&asblk);
357 	}
358 	/*
359 	 * Convert to new cylinder group format.
360 	 */
361 	if (!is_ufs2 && cvtlevel >= 1 &&
362 	    sblock->fs_old_postblformat == FS_42POSTBLFMT) {
363 		if (preen)
364 			pwarn("CONVERTING TO NEW CYLINDER GROUP FORMAT\n");
365 		else if (!reply("CONVERT TO NEW CYLINDER GROUP FORMAT"))
366 			return(0);
367 		doinglevel1++;
368 		sblock->fs_old_postblformat = FS_DYNAMICPOSTBLFMT;
369 		sblock->fs_old_nrpos = 8;
370 		sblock->fs_old_postbloff =
371 		    (char *)(&sblock->fs_old_postbl_start) -
372 		    (char *)(&sblock->fs_firstfield);
373 		sblock->fs_old_rotbloff =
374 				(char *)(&sblock->fs_magic+1) -
375 				(char *)(&sblock->fs_firstfield);
376 		sblock->fs_cgsize =
377 			fragroundup(sblock, CGSIZE(sblock));
378 		sbdirty();
379 		dirty(&asblk);
380 	}
381 	if (asblk.b_dirty && !bflag) {
382 		memmove(sblk.b_un.b_fs, sblock, SBLOCKSIZE);
383 		sb_oldfscompat_write(sblk.b_un.b_fs, sblocksave);
384 		if (needswap)
385 			ffs_sb_swap(sblk.b_un.b_fs, sblk.b_un.b_fs);
386 		memmove(asblk.b_un.b_fs, sblk.b_un.b_fs, (size_t)sblock->fs_sbsize);
387 		flush(fswritefd, &asblk);
388 	}
389 	/*
390 	 * read in the summary info.
391 	 */
392 	asked = 0;
393 	sblock->fs_csp = (struct csum *)calloc(1, sblock->fs_cssize);
394 	for (i = 0, j = 0; i < sblock->fs_cssize; i += sblock->fs_bsize, j++) {
395 		size = sblock->fs_cssize - i < sblock->fs_bsize ?
396 		    sblock->fs_cssize - i : sblock->fs_bsize;
397 		ccsp = (struct csum *)((char *)sblock->fs_csp + i);
398 		if (bread(fsreadfd, (char *)ccsp,
399 		    fsbtodb(sblock, sblock->fs_csaddr + j * sblock->fs_frag),
400 		    size) != 0 && !asked) {
401 			pfatal("BAD SUMMARY INFORMATION");
402 			if (reply("CONTINUE") == 0) {
403 				markclean = 0;
404 				exit(EEXIT);
405 			}
406 			asked++;
407 		}
408 		if (doswap) {
409 			ffs_csum_swap(ccsp, ccsp, size);
410 			bwrite(fswritefd, (char *)ccsp,
411 			    fsbtodb(sblock,
412 				sblock->fs_csaddr + j * sblock->fs_frag),
413 			    size);
414 		}
415 		if (needswap)
416 			ffs_csum_swap(ccsp, ccsp, size);
417 	}
418 	/*
419 	 * allocate and initialize the necessary maps
420 	 */
421 	bmapsize = roundup(howmany(maxfsblock, NBBY), sizeof(int16_t));
422 	blockmap = calloc((unsigned)bmapsize, sizeof (char));
423 	if (blockmap == NULL) {
424 		pwarn("cannot alloc %u bytes for blockmap\n",
425 		    (unsigned)bmapsize);
426 		goto badsblabel;
427 	}
428 	inostathead = calloc((unsigned)(sblock->fs_ncg),
429 	    sizeof(struct inostatlist));
430 	if (inostathead == NULL) {
431 		pwarn("cannot alloc %u bytes for inostathead\n",
432 		    (unsigned)(sizeof(struct inostatlist) * (sblock->fs_ncg)));
433 		goto badsblabel;
434 	}
435 	/*
436 	 * cs_ndir may be inaccurate, particularly if we're using the -b
437 	 * option, so set a minimum to prevent bogus subdirectory reconnects
438 	 * and really inefficient directory scans.
439 	 * Also set a maximum in case the value is too large.
440 	 */
441 	numdirs = sblock->fs_cstotal.cs_ndir;
442 	if (numdirs < 1024)
443 		numdirs = 1024;
444 	if (numdirs > maxino + 1)
445 		numdirs = maxino + 1;
446 	dirhash = numdirs;
447 	inplast = 0;
448 	listmax = numdirs + 10;
449 	inpsort = (struct inoinfo **)calloc((unsigned)listmax,
450 	    sizeof(struct inoinfo *));
451 	inphead = (struct inoinfo **)calloc((unsigned)numdirs,
452 	    sizeof(struct inoinfo *));
453 	if (inpsort == NULL || inphead == NULL) {
454 		pwarn("cannot alloc %u bytes for inphead\n",
455 		    (unsigned)(numdirs * sizeof(struct inoinfo *)));
456 		goto badsblabel;
457 	}
458 	cgrp = malloc(sblock->fs_cgsize);
459 	if (cgrp == NULL) {
460 		pwarn("cannot alloc %u bytes for cylinder group\n",
461 		    sblock->fs_cgsize);
462 		goto badsblabel;
463 	}
464 	bufinit();
465 	if (sblock->fs_flags & FS_DOSOFTDEP)
466 		usedsoftdep = 1;
467 	else
468 		usedsoftdep = 0;
469 
470 	{
471 		struct partition *pp = 0;
472 		if (!forceimage && lp)
473 			pp = getdisklabelpart(dev,lp);
474 		if (pp && (pp->p_fstype == FS_APPLEUFS)) {
475 			isappleufs = 1;
476 		}
477 	}
478 	if (readappleufs()) {
479 		isappleufs = 1;
480 	}
481 
482 	dirblksiz = DIRBLKSIZ;
483 	if (isappleufs)
484 		dirblksiz = APPLEUFS_DIRBLKSIZ;
485 
486 	if (debug)
487 		printf("isappleufs = %d, dirblksiz = %d\n", isappleufs, dirblksiz);
488 
489 	return (1);
490 
491 badsblabel:
492 	markclean=0;
493 	ckfini();
494 	return (0);
495 }
496 
497 static int
498 readappleufs()
499 {
500 	daddr_t label = APPLEUFS_LABEL_OFFSET / dev_bsize;
501 	struct appleufslabel *appleufs;
502 	int i;
503 
504 	/* XXX do we have to deal with APPLEUFS_LABEL_OFFSET not
505 	 * being block aligned (CD's?)
506 	 */
507 	if (bread(fsreadfd, (char *)appleufsblk.b_un.b_fs, label,
508 	    (long)APPLEUFS_LABEL_SIZE) != 0)
509 		return 0;
510 	appleufsblk.b_bno = label;
511 	appleufsblk.b_size = APPLEUFS_LABEL_SIZE;
512 
513 	appleufs = appleufsblk.b_un.b_appleufs;
514 
515 	if (ntohl(appleufs->ul_magic) != APPLEUFS_LABEL_MAGIC) {
516 		if (!isappleufs) {
517 			return 0;
518 		} else {
519 			pfatal("MISSING APPLEUFS VOLUME LABEL\n");
520 			if (reply("FIX") == 0) {
521 				return 1;
522 			}
523 			ffs_appleufs_set(appleufs, NULL, -1, 0);
524 			appleufsdirty();
525 		}
526 	}
527 
528 	if (ntohl(appleufs->ul_version) != APPLEUFS_LABEL_VERSION) {
529 		pwarn("INCORRECT APPLE UFS VERSION NUMBER (%d should be %d)",
530 			ntohl(appleufs->ul_version),APPLEUFS_LABEL_VERSION);
531 		if (preen) {
532 			printf(" (CORRECTED)\n");
533 		}
534 		if (preen || reply("CORRECT")) {
535 			appleufs->ul_version = htonl(APPLEUFS_LABEL_VERSION);
536 			appleufsdirty();
537 		}
538 	}
539 
540 	if (ntohs(appleufs->ul_namelen) > APPLEUFS_MAX_LABEL_NAME) {
541 		pwarn("APPLE UFS LABEL NAME TOO LONG");
542 		if (preen) {
543 			printf(" (TRUNCATED)\n");
544 		}
545 		if (preen || reply("TRUNCATE")) {
546 			appleufs->ul_namelen = htons(APPLEUFS_MAX_LABEL_NAME);
547 			appleufsdirty();
548 		}
549 	}
550 
551 	if (ntohs(appleufs->ul_namelen) == 0) {
552 		pwarn("MISSING APPLE UFS LABEL NAME");
553 		if (preen) {
554 			printf(" (FIXED)\n");
555 		}
556 		if (preen || reply("FIX")) {
557 			ffs_appleufs_set(appleufs, NULL, -1, 0);
558 			appleufsdirty();
559 		}
560 	}
561 
562 	/* Scan name for first illegal character */
563 	for (i=0;i<ntohs(appleufs->ul_namelen);i++) {
564 		if ((appleufs->ul_name[i] == '\0') ||
565 			(appleufs->ul_name[i] == ':') ||
566 			(appleufs->ul_name[i] == '/')) {
567 			pwarn("APPLE UFS LABEL NAME CONTAINS ILLEGAL CHARACTER");
568 			if (preen) {
569 				printf(" (TRUNCATED)\n");
570 			}
571 			if (preen || reply("TRUNCATE")) {
572 				appleufs->ul_namelen = i+1;
573 				appleufsdirty();
574 			}
575 			break;
576 		}
577 	}
578 
579 	/* Check the checksum last, because if anything else was wrong,
580 	 * then the checksum gets reset anyway.
581 	 */
582 	appleufs->ul_checksum = 0;
583 	appleufs->ul_checksum = ffs_appleufs_cksum(appleufs);
584 	if (appleufsblk.b_un.b_appleufs->ul_checksum != appleufs->ul_checksum) {
585 		pwarn("INVALID APPLE UFS CHECKSUM (%#04x should be %#04x)",
586 			appleufsblk.b_un.b_appleufs->ul_checksum, appleufs->ul_checksum);
587 		if (preen) {
588 			printf(" (CORRECTED)\n");
589 		}
590 		if (preen || reply("CORRECT")) {
591 			appleufsdirty();
592 		} else {
593 			/* put the incorrect checksum back in place */
594 			appleufs->ul_checksum = appleufsblk.b_un.b_appleufs->ul_checksum;
595 		}
596 	}
597 	return 1;
598 }
599 
600 /*
601  * Detect byte order. Return 0 if valid magic found, -1 otherwise.
602  */
603 static int
604 detect_byteorder(struct fs *fs, int sblockoff)
605 {
606 	if (sblockoff == SBLOCK_UFS2 && (fs->fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC ||
607 	    fs->fs_magic == bswap32(FS_UFS1_MAGIC)))
608 		/* Likely to be the first alternate of a fs with 64k blocks */
609 		return -1;
610 	if (fs->fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC || fs->fs_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC) {
611 		if (endian == 0 || BYTE_ORDER == endian) {
612 			needswap = 0;
613 			doswap = do_blkswap = do_dirswap = 0;
614 		} else {
615 			needswap = 1;
616 			doswap = do_blkswap = do_dirswap = 1;
617 		}
618 		return 0;
619 	} else if (fs->fs_magic == bswap32(FS_UFS1_MAGIC) ||
620 		   fs->fs_magic == bswap32(FS_UFS2_MAGIC)) {
621 		if (endian == 0 || BYTE_ORDER != endian) {
622 			needswap = 1;
623 			doswap = do_blkswap = do_dirswap = 0;
624 		} else {
625 			needswap = 0;
626 			doswap = do_blkswap = do_dirswap = 1;
627 		}
628 		return 0;
629 	}
630 	return -1;
631 }
632 
633 /*
634  * Possible superblock locations ordered from most to least likely.
635  */
636 static off_t sblock_try[] = SBLOCKSEARCH;
637 
638 /*
639  * Read in the super block and its summary info.
640  */
641 static int
642 readsb(listerr)
643 	int listerr;
644 {
645 	daddr_t super;
646 	struct fs *fs;
647 	int i;
648 
649 	if (bflag) {
650 		super = bflag;
651 		if (bread(fsreadfd, (char *)sblk.b_un.b_fs, super,
652 		    (long)SBLOCKSIZE) != 0)
653 			return (0);
654 		fs = sblk.b_un.b_fs;
655 		if (detect_byteorder(fs, -1) < 0) {
656 			badsb(listerr, "MAGIC NUMBER WRONG");
657 			return (0);
658 		}
659 	} else {
660 		for (i = 0; sblock_try[i] != -1; i++) {
661 			super = sblock_try[i] / dev_bsize;
662 			if (bread(fsreadfd, (char *)sblk.b_un.b_fs,
663 			    super, (long)SBLOCKSIZE) != 0)
664 				continue;
665 			fs = sblk.b_un.b_fs;
666 			if (detect_byteorder(fs, sblock_try[i]) == 0)
667 				break;
668 		}
669 		if (sblock_try[i] == -1) {
670 			badsb(listerr, "CAN'T FIND SUPERBLOCK");
671 			return (0);
672 		}
673 	}
674 	if (doswap) {
675 		if (preen)
676 			errx(EEXIT, "incompatible options -B and -p");
677 		if (nflag)
678 			errx(EEXIT, "incompatible options -B and -n");
679 		if (endian == LITTLE_ENDIAN) {
680 			if (!reply("CONVERT TO LITTLE ENDIAN"))
681 				return 0;
682 		} else if (endian == BIG_ENDIAN) {
683 			if (!reply("CONVERT TO BIG ENDIAN"))
684 				return 0;
685 		} else
686 			pfatal("INTERNAL ERROR: unknown endian");
687 	}
688 	if (needswap)
689 		pwarn("** Swapped byte order\n");
690 	/* swap SB byte order if asked */
691 	if (doswap)
692 		ffs_sb_swap(sblk.b_un.b_fs, sblk.b_un.b_fs);
693 
694 	memmove(sblock, sblk.b_un.b_fs, SBLOCKSIZE);
695 	if (needswap)
696 		ffs_sb_swap(sblk.b_un.b_fs, sblock);
697 
698 	is_ufs2 = sblock->fs_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC;
699 
700 	/*
701 	 * run a few consistency checks of the super block
702 	 */
703 	if (sblock->fs_sbsize > SBLOCKSIZE)
704 		{ badsb(listerr, "SIZE PREPOSTEROUSLY LARGE"); return (0); }
705 	/*
706 	 * Compute block size that the filesystem is based on,
707 	 * according to fsbtodb, and adjust superblock block number
708 	 * so we can tell if this is an alternate later.
709 	 */
710 	super *= dev_bsize;
711 	dev_bsize = sblock->fs_fsize / fsbtodb(sblock, 1);
712 	sblk.b_bno = super / dev_bsize;
713 	sblk.b_size = SBLOCKSIZE;
714 	if (bflag)
715 		goto out;
716 	/*
717 	 * Set all possible fields that could differ, then do check
718 	 * of whole super block against an alternate super block->
719 	 * When an alternate super-block is specified this check is skipped.
720 	 */
721 	getblk(&asblk, cgsblock(sblock, sblock->fs_ncg - 1), sblock->fs_sbsize);
722 	if (asblk.b_errs)
723 		return (0);
724 	/* swap SB byte order if asked */
725 	if (doswap)
726 		ffs_sb_swap(asblk.b_un.b_fs, asblk.b_un.b_fs);
727 
728 	memmove(altsblock, asblk.b_un.b_fs, sblock->fs_sbsize);
729 	if (needswap)
730 		ffs_sb_swap(asblk.b_un.b_fs, altsblock);
731 	if (cmpsblks(sblock, altsblock)) {
732 		if (debug) {
733 			uint32_t *nlp, *olp, *endlp;
734 
735 			printf("superblock mismatches\n");
736 			nlp = (uint32_t *)altsblock;
737 			olp = (uint32_t *)sblock;
738 			endlp = olp + (sblock->fs_sbsize / sizeof *olp);
739 			for ( ; olp < endlp; olp++, nlp++) {
740 				if (*olp == *nlp)
741 					continue;
742 				printf("offset %#x, original 0x%08x, alternate "
743 				       "0x%08x\n",
744 				    (int)((uint8_t *)olp-(uint8_t *)sblock),
745 				    *olp, *nlp);
746 			}
747 		}
748 		badsb(listerr,
749 		"VALUES IN SUPER BLOCK DISAGREE WITH THOSE IN FIRST ALTERNATE");
750 		return (0);
751 	}
752 out:
753 
754 	sb_oldfscompat_read(sblock, &sblocksave);
755 
756 	/* Now we know the SB is valid, we can write it back if needed */
757 	if (doswap) {
758 		sbdirty();
759 		dirty(&asblk);
760 	}
761 	havesb = 1;
762 	return (1);
763 }
764 
765 int
766 cmpsblks(const struct fs *sb, struct fs *asb)
767 {
768 	if (!is_ufs2 && ((sb->fs_old_flags & FS_FLAGS_UPDATED) == 0)) {
769 		if (sb->fs_old_postblformat < FS_DYNAMICPOSTBLFMT)
770 			return cmpsblks42(sb, asb);
771 		else
772 			return cmpsblks44(sb, asb);
773 	}
774 	if (asb->fs_sblkno != sb->fs_sblkno ||
775 	    asb->fs_cblkno != sb->fs_cblkno ||
776 	    asb->fs_iblkno != sb->fs_iblkno ||
777 	    asb->fs_dblkno != sb->fs_dblkno ||
778 	    asb->fs_ncg != sb->fs_ncg ||
779 	    asb->fs_bsize != sb->fs_bsize ||
780 	    asb->fs_fsize != sb->fs_fsize ||
781 	    asb->fs_frag != sb->fs_frag ||
782 	    asb->fs_bmask != sb->fs_bmask ||
783 	    asb->fs_fmask != sb->fs_fmask ||
784 	    asb->fs_bshift != sb->fs_bshift ||
785 	    asb->fs_fshift != sb->fs_fshift ||
786 	    asb->fs_fragshift != sb->fs_fragshift ||
787 	    asb->fs_fsbtodb != sb->fs_fsbtodb ||
788 	    asb->fs_sbsize != sb->fs_sbsize ||
789 	    asb->fs_nindir != sb->fs_nindir ||
790 	    asb->fs_inopb != sb->fs_inopb ||
791 	    asb->fs_cssize != sb->fs_cssize ||
792 	    asb->fs_ipg != sb->fs_ipg ||
793 	    asb->fs_fpg != sb->fs_fpg ||
794 	    asb->fs_magic != sb->fs_magic)
795 		return 1;
796 	return 0;
797 }
798 
799 /* BSD 4.2 performed the following superblock comparison
800  * It should correspond to FS_42POSTBLFMT
801  * (although note that in 4.2, the fs_old_postblformat
802  * field didn't exist and the corresponding bits are
803  * located near the end of the postbl itself, where they
804  * are not likely to be used.)
805  */
806 int
807 cmpsblks42(const struct fs *sb, struct fs *asb)
808 {
809 	asb->fs_firstfield = sb->fs_firstfield; /* fs_link */
810 	asb->fs_unused_1 = sb->fs_unused_1; /* fs_rlink */
811 	asb->fs_old_time = sb->fs_old_time; /* fs_time */
812 	asb->fs_old_cstotal = sb->fs_old_cstotal; /* fs_cstotal */
813 	asb->fs_cgrotor = sb->fs_cgrotor;
814 	asb->fs_fmod = sb->fs_fmod;
815 	asb->fs_clean = sb->fs_clean;
816 	asb->fs_ronly = sb->fs_ronly;
817 	asb->fs_old_flags = sb->fs_old_flags;
818 	asb->fs_maxcontig = sb->fs_maxcontig;
819 	asb->fs_minfree = sb->fs_minfree;
820 	asb->fs_old_rotdelay = sb->fs_old_rotdelay;
821 	asb->fs_maxbpg = sb->fs_maxbpg;
822 
823 	/* The former fs_csp, totaling 128 bytes  */
824 	memmove(asb->fs_ocsp, sb->fs_ocsp, sizeof sb->fs_ocsp);
825 	asb->fs_contigdirs = sb->fs_contigdirs;
826 	asb->fs_csp = sb->fs_csp;
827 	asb->fs_maxcluster = sb->fs_maxcluster;
828 	asb->fs_active = sb->fs_active;
829 
830 	/* The former fs_fsmnt, totaling 512 bytes */
831 	memmove(asb->fs_fsmnt, sb->fs_fsmnt, sizeof sb->fs_fsmnt);
832 	memmove(asb->fs_volname, sb->fs_volname, sizeof sb->fs_volname);
833 
834 	return memcmp(sb, asb, sb->fs_sbsize);
835 }
836 
837 /* BSD 4.4 performed the following superblock comparison
838  * This was used in NetBSD through 1.6.1
839  *
840  * Note that this implementation is destructive to asb.
841  */
842 int
843 cmpsblks44(const struct fs *sb, struct fs *asb)
844 {
845 	/*
846 	 * "Copy fields which we don't care if they're different in the
847 	 * alternate superblocks, as they're either likely to be
848 	 * different because they're per-cylinder-group specific, or
849 	 * because they're transient details which are only maintained
850 	 * in the primary superblock."
851 	 */
852 	asb->fs_firstfield = sb->fs_firstfield;
853 	asb->fs_unused_1 = sb->fs_unused_1;
854 	asb->fs_old_time = sb->fs_old_time;
855 	asb->fs_old_cstotal = sb->fs_old_cstotal;
856 	asb->fs_cgrotor = sb->fs_cgrotor;
857 	asb->fs_fmod = sb->fs_fmod;
858 	asb->fs_clean = sb->fs_clean;
859 	asb->fs_ronly = sb->fs_ronly;
860 	asb->fs_old_flags = sb->fs_old_flags;
861 	asb->fs_maxcontig = sb->fs_maxcontig;
862 	asb->fs_minfree = sb->fs_minfree;
863 	asb->fs_optim = sb->fs_optim;
864 	asb->fs_old_rotdelay = sb->fs_old_rotdelay;
865 	asb->fs_maxbpg = sb->fs_maxbpg;
866 
867 	/* The former fs_csp and fs_maxcluster, totaling 128 bytes */
868 	memmove(asb->fs_ocsp, sb->fs_ocsp, sizeof sb->fs_ocsp);
869 	asb->fs_contigdirs = sb->fs_contigdirs;
870 	asb->fs_csp = sb->fs_csp;
871 	asb->fs_maxcluster = sb->fs_maxcluster;
872 	asb->fs_active = sb->fs_active;
873 
874 	/* The former fs_fsmnt, totaling 512 bytes */
875 	memmove(asb->fs_fsmnt, sb->fs_fsmnt, sizeof sb->fs_fsmnt);
876 	memmove(asb->fs_volname, sb->fs_volname, sizeof sb->fs_volname);
877 
878 	/* The former fs_sparecon, totaling 200 bytes */
879 	memmove(asb->fs_snapinum,
880 		sb->fs_snapinum, sizeof sb->fs_snapinum);
881 	asb->fs_avgfilesize = sb->fs_avgfilesize;
882 	asb->fs_avgfpdir = sb->fs_avgfpdir;
883 	asb->fs_save_cgsize = sb->fs_save_cgsize;
884 	memmove(asb->fs_sparecon32,
885 		sb->fs_sparecon32, sizeof sb->fs_sparecon32);
886 	asb->fs_flags = sb->fs_flags;
887 
888 	/* Original comment:
889 	 * "The following should not have to be copied, but need to be."
890 	 */
891 	asb->fs_fsbtodb = sb->fs_fsbtodb;
892 	asb->fs_old_interleave = sb->fs_old_interleave;
893 	asb->fs_old_npsect = sb->fs_old_npsect;
894 	asb->fs_old_nrpos = sb->fs_old_nrpos;
895 	asb->fs_state = sb->fs_state;
896 	asb->fs_qbmask = sb->fs_qbmask;
897 	asb->fs_qfmask = sb->fs_qfmask;
898 	asb->fs_state = sb->fs_state;
899 	asb->fs_maxfilesize = sb->fs_maxfilesize;
900 
901 	/*
902 	 * "Compare the superblocks, effectively checking every other
903 	 * field to see if they differ."
904 	 */
905 	return memcmp(sb, asb, sb->fs_sbsize);
906 }
907 
908 
909 static void
910 badsb(listerr, s)
911 	int listerr;
912 	char *s;
913 {
914 
915 	if (!listerr)
916 		return;
917 	if (preen)
918 		printf("%s: ", cdevname());
919 	pfatal("BAD SUPER BLOCK: %s\n", s);
920 }
921 
922 /*
923  * Calculate a prototype superblock based on information in the disk label.
924  * When done the cgsblock macro can be calculated and the fs_ncg field
925  * can be used. Do NOT attempt to use other macros without verifying that
926  * their needed information is available!
927  */
928 static int
929 calcsb(dev, devfd, fs)
930 	const char *dev;
931 	int devfd;
932 	struct fs *fs;
933 {
934 	struct disklabel *lp;
935 	struct partition *pp;
936 	int i, nspf;
937 
938 	lp = getdisklabel(dev, devfd);
939 	pp = getdisklabelpart(dev,lp);
940 	if (pp == 0) {
941 		pfatal("%s: CANNOT FIGURE OUT FILE SYSTEM PARTITION\n", dev);
942 		return (0);
943 	}
944 	if ((pp->p_fstype != FS_BSDFFS) && (pp->p_fstype != FS_APPLEUFS)) {
945 		pfatal("%s: NOT LABELED AS A BSD FILE SYSTEM (%s)\n",
946 			dev, pp->p_fstype < FSMAXTYPES ?
947 			fstypenames[pp->p_fstype] : "unknown");
948 		return (0);
949 	}
950 	/* avoid divide by 0 */
951 	if (pp->p_fsize == 0 || pp->p_frag == 0 || pp->p_cpg == 0) {
952 		pfatal("%s: LABEL DOES NOT CONTAIN FILE SYSTEM PARAMETERS\n", dev);
953 		return (0);
954 	}
955 	memset(fs, 0, sizeof(struct fs));
956 	fs->fs_fsize = pp->p_fsize;
957 	fs->fs_frag = pp->p_frag;
958 	fs->fs_size = pp->p_size;
959 	fs->fs_sblkno = roundup(
960 		howmany(lp->d_bbsize + lp->d_sbsize, fs->fs_fsize),
961 		fs->fs_frag);
962 	nspf = fs->fs_fsize / lp->d_secsize;
963 	fs->fs_old_nspf = nspf;
964 	for (fs->fs_fsbtodb = 0, i = nspf; i > 1; i >>= 1)
965 		fs->fs_fsbtodb++;
966 	dev_bsize = lp->d_secsize;
967 	if (fs->fs_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC) {
968 		fs->fs_fpg = pp->p_cpg;
969 		fs->fs_ncg = howmany(fs->fs_size, fs->fs_fpg);
970 	} else /* if (fs->fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC) */ {
971 		fs->fs_old_cpg = pp->p_cpg;
972 		fs->fs_old_cgmask = 0xffffffff;
973 		for (i = lp->d_ntracks; i > 1; i >>= 1)
974 			fs->fs_old_cgmask <<= 1;
975 		if (!POWEROF2(lp->d_ntracks))
976 			fs->fs_old_cgmask <<= 1;
977 		fs->fs_old_cgoffset = roundup(
978 			howmany(lp->d_nsectors, nspf), fs->fs_frag);
979 		fs->fs_fpg = (fs->fs_old_cpg * lp->d_secpercyl) / nspf;
980 		fs->fs_ncg = howmany(fs->fs_size / lp->d_secpercyl,
981 		    fs->fs_old_cpg);
982 	}
983 	return (1);
984 }
985 
986 static struct disklabel *
987 getdisklabel(s, fd)
988 	const char *s;
989 	int	fd;
990 {
991 	static struct disklabel lab;
992 
993 	if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGDINFO, (char *)&lab) < 0) {
994 		if (s == NULL)
995 			return ((struct disklabel *)NULL);
996 		pwarn("ioctl (GCINFO): %s\n", strerror(errno));
997 		errx(EEXIT, "%s: can't read disk label", s);
998 	}
999 	return (&lab);
1000 }
1001 
1002 static struct partition *
1003 getdisklabelpart(dev, lp)
1004 	const char *dev;
1005 	struct disklabel *lp;
1006 {
1007 	char *cp;
1008 	int c;
1009 
1010 	cp = strchr(dev, '\0');
1011 	if (cp == dev)
1012 		return NULL;
1013 
1014 	c = (unsigned char)cp[-1];
1015 	if (isdigit(c))
1016 		/* eg "wd0", return info for first partition */
1017 		return &lp->d_partitions[0];
1018 
1019 	if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'p')
1020 		/* eg "wd0f", return info for specified partition */
1021 		return &lp->d_partitions[c - 'a'];
1022 	return NULL;
1023 }
1024 
1025