xref: /netbsd-src/sbin/dump/tape.c (revision ae1bfcddc410612bc8c58b807e1830becb69a24c)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1991 The Regents of the University of California.
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
16  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  */
33 
34 #ifndef lint
35 /* from: static char sccsid[] = "@(#)tape.c	5.25 (Berkeley) 7/16/92"; */
36 static char *rcsid = "$Id: tape.c,v 1.2 1994/03/09 01:14:43 cgd Exp $";
37 #endif /* not lint */
38 
39 #ifdef sunos
40 #include <sys/param.h>
41 #include <stdio.h>
42 #include <ctype.h>
43 #include <sys/stat.h>
44 #include <ufs/fs.h>
45 #else
46 #include <sys/param.h>
47 #include <sys/wait.h>
48 #include <ufs/fs.h>
49 #endif
50 #include <sys/time.h>
51 #include <ufs/dinode.h>
52 #include <signal.h>
53 #include <fcntl.h>
54 #include <protocols/dumprestore.h>
55 #include <errno.h>
56 #include <setjmp.h>
57 #ifdef __STDC__
58 #include <unistd.h>
59 #include <stdlib.h>
60 #include <string.h>
61 #endif
62 #include <sys/socket.h>
63 #include "dump.h"
64 #include "pathnames.h"
65 
66 int	writesize;		/* size of malloc()ed buffer for tape */
67 long	lastspclrec = -1;	/* tape block number of last written header */
68 int	trecno = 0;		/* next record to write in current block */
69 extern	long blocksperfile;	/* number of blocks per output file */
70 long	blocksthisvol;		/* number of blocks on current output file */
71 extern	int ntrec;		/* blocking factor on tape */
72 extern	int cartridge;
73 extern	char *host;
74 char	*nexttape;
75 #ifdef RDUMP
76 int	rmtopen(), rmtwrite();
77 void	rmtclose();
78 #endif
79 void	rollforward();
80 int	atomic();
81 void	doslave(), enslave(), flushtape(), killall();
82 
83 /*
84  * Concurrent dump mods (Caltech) - disk block reading and tape writing
85  * are exported to several slave processes.  While one slave writes the
86  * tape, the others read disk blocks; they pass control of the tape in
87  * a ring via signals. The parent process traverses the filesystem and
88  * sends writeheader()'s and lists of daddr's to the slaves via pipes.
89  * The following structure defines the instruction packets sent to slaves.
90  */
91 struct req {
92 	daddr_t dblk;
93 	int count;
94 };
95 int reqsiz;
96 
97 #define SLAVES 3		/* 1 slave writing, 1 reading, 1 for slack */
98 struct slave {
99 	int tapea;		/* header number at start of this chunk */
100 	int count;		/* count to next header (used for TS_TAPE */
101 				/* after EOT) */
102 	int inode;		/* inode that we are currently dealing with */
103 	int fd;			/* FD for this slave */
104 	int pid;		/* PID for this slave */
105 	int sent;		/* 1 == we've sent this slave requests */
106 	int firstrec;		/* record number of this block */
107 	char (*tblock)[TP_BSIZE]; /* buffer for data blocks */
108 	struct req *req;	/* buffer for requests */
109 } slaves[SLAVES+1];
110 struct slave *slp;
111 
112 char	(*nextblock)[TP_BSIZE];
113 
114 int master;		/* pid of master, for sending error signals */
115 int tenths;		/* length of tape used per block written */
116 static int caught;	/* have we caught the signal to proceed? */
117 static int ready;	/* have we reached the lock point without having */
118 			/* received the SIGUSR2 signal from the prev slave? */
119 static jmp_buf jmpbuf;	/* where to jump to if we are ready when the */
120 			/* SIGUSR2 arrives from the previous slave */
121 
122 int
123 alloctape()
124 {
125 	int pgoff = getpagesize() - 1;
126 	char *buf;
127 	int i;
128 
129 	writesize = ntrec * TP_BSIZE;
130 	reqsiz = (ntrec + 1) * sizeof(struct req);
131 	/*
132 	 * CDC 92181's and 92185's make 0.8" gaps in 1600-bpi start/stop mode
133 	 * (see DEC TU80 User's Guide).  The shorter gaps of 6250-bpi require
134 	 * repositioning after stopping, i.e, streaming mode, where the gap is
135 	 * variable, 0.30" to 0.45".  The gap is maximal when the tape stops.
136 	 */
137 	if (blocksperfile == 0)
138 		tenths = writesize / density +
139 		    (cartridge ? 16 : density == 625 ? 5 : 8);
140 	/*
141 	 * Allocate tape buffer contiguous with the array of instruction
142 	 * packets, so flushtape() can write them together with one write().
143 	 * Align tape buffer on page boundary to speed up tape write().
144 	 */
145 	for (i = 0; i <= SLAVES; i++) {
146 		buf = (char *)
147 		    malloc((unsigned)(reqsiz + writesize + pgoff + TP_BSIZE));
148 		if (buf == NULL)
149 			return(0);
150 		slaves[i].tblock = (char (*)[TP_BSIZE])
151 		    (((long)&buf[ntrec + 1] + pgoff) &~ pgoff);
152 		slaves[i].req = (struct req *)slaves[i].tblock - ntrec - 1;
153 	}
154 	slp = &slaves[0];
155 	slp->count = 1;
156 	slp->tapea = 0;
157 	slp->firstrec = 0;
158 	nextblock = slp->tblock;
159 	return(1);
160 }
161 
162 void
163 writerec(dp, isspcl)
164 	char *dp;
165 	int isspcl;
166 {
167 
168 	slp->req[trecno].dblk = (daddr_t)0;
169 	slp->req[trecno].count = 1;
170 	*(union u_spcl *)(*(nextblock)++) = *(union u_spcl *)dp;
171 	if (isspcl)
172 		lastspclrec = spcl.c_tapea;
173 	trecno++;
174 	spcl.c_tapea++;
175 	if (trecno >= ntrec)
176 		flushtape();
177 }
178 
179 void
180 dumpblock(blkno, size)
181 	daddr_t blkno;
182 	int size;
183 {
184 	int avail, tpblks, dblkno;
185 
186 	dblkno = fsbtodb(sblock, blkno);
187 	tpblks = size >> tp_bshift;
188 	while ((avail = MIN(tpblks, ntrec - trecno)) > 0) {
189 		slp->req[trecno].dblk = dblkno;
190 		slp->req[trecno].count = avail;
191 		trecno += avail;
192 		spcl.c_tapea += avail;
193 		if (trecno >= ntrec)
194 			flushtape();
195 		dblkno += avail << (tp_bshift - dev_bshift);
196 		tpblks -= avail;
197 	}
198 }
199 
200 int	nogripe = 0;
201 
202 void
203 tperror(signo)
204 	int signo;
205 {
206 
207 	if (pipeout) {
208 		msg("write error on %s\n", tape);
209 		quit("Cannot recover\n");
210 		/* NOTREACHED */
211 	}
212 	msg("write error %d blocks into volume %d\n", blocksthisvol, tapeno);
213 	broadcast("DUMP WRITE ERROR!\n");
214 	if (!query("Do you want to restart?"))
215 		dumpabort(0);
216 	msg("Closing this volume.  Prepare to restart with new media;\n");
217 	msg("this dump volume will be rewritten.\n");
218 	killall();
219 	nogripe = 1;
220 	close_rewind();
221 	Exit(X_REWRITE);
222 }
223 
224 void
225 sigpipe(signo)
226 	int signo;
227 {
228 
229 	quit("Broken pipe\n");
230 }
231 
232 void
233 flushtape()
234 {
235 	int i, blks, got;
236 	long lastfirstrec;
237 #ifndef __STDC__
238 	int write(), read();
239 #endif
240 
241 	int siz = (char *)nextblock - (char *)slp->req;
242 
243 	slp->req[trecno].count = 0;			/* Sentinel */
244 
245 	if (atomic(write, slp->fd, (char *)slp->req, siz) != siz)
246 		quit("error writing command pipe: %s\n", strerror(errno));
247 	slp->sent = 1; /* we sent a request, read the response later */
248 
249 	lastfirstrec = slp->firstrec;
250 
251 	if (++slp >= &slaves[SLAVES])
252 		slp = &slaves[0];
253 
254 	/* Read results back from next slave */
255 	if (slp->sent) {
256 		if (atomic(read, slp->fd, (char *)&got, sizeof got)
257 		    != sizeof got) {
258 			perror("  DUMP: error reading command pipe in master");
259 			dumpabort(0);
260 		}
261 		slp->sent = 0;
262 
263 		/* Check for end of tape */
264 		if (got < writesize) {
265 			msg("End of tape detected\n");
266 
267 			/*
268 			 * Drain the results, don't care what the values were.
269 			 * If we read them here then trewind won't...
270 			 */
271 			for (i = 0; i < SLAVES; i++) {
272 				if (slaves[i].sent) {
273 					if (atomic(read, slaves[i].fd,
274 					    (char *)&got, sizeof got)
275 					    != sizeof got) {
276 						perror("  DUMP: error reading command pipe in master");
277 						dumpabort(0);
278 					}
279 					slaves[i].sent = 0;
280 				}
281 			}
282 
283 			close_rewind();
284 			rollforward();
285 			return;
286 		}
287 	}
288 
289 	blks = 0;
290 	if (spcl.c_type != TS_END) {
291 		for (i = 0; i < spcl.c_count; i++)
292 			if (spcl.c_addr[i] != 0)
293 				blks++;
294 	}
295 	slp->count = lastspclrec + blks + 1 - spcl.c_tapea;
296 	slp->tapea = spcl.c_tapea;
297 	slp->firstrec = lastfirstrec + ntrec;
298 	slp->inode = curino;
299 	nextblock = slp->tblock;
300 	trecno = 0;
301 	asize += tenths;
302 	blockswritten += ntrec;
303 	blocksthisvol += ntrec;
304 	if (!pipeout && (blocksperfile ?
305 	    (blocksthisvol >= blocksperfile) : (asize > tsize))) {
306 		close_rewind();
307 		startnewtape(0);
308 	}
309 	timeest();
310 }
311 
312 void
313 trewind()
314 {
315 	int f;
316 	int got;
317 
318 	for (f = 0; f < SLAVES; f++) {
319 		/*
320 		 * Drain the results, but unlike EOT we DO (or should) care
321 		 * what the return values were, since if we detect EOT after
322 		 * we think we've written the last blocks to the tape anyway,
323 		 * we have to replay those blocks with rollforward.
324 		 *
325 		 * fixme: punt for now.
326 		 */
327 		if (slaves[f].sent) {
328 			if (atomic(read, slaves[f].fd, (char *)&got, sizeof got)
329 			    != sizeof got) {
330 				perror("  DUMP: error reading command pipe in master");
331 				dumpabort(0);
332 			}
333 			slaves[f].sent = 0;
334 			if (got != writesize) {
335 				msg("EOT detected in last 2 tape records!\n");
336 				msg("Use a longer tape, decrease the size estimate\n");
337 				quit("or use no size estimate at all.\n");
338 			}
339 		}
340 		(void) close(slaves[f].fd);
341 	}
342 	while (wait((int *)NULL) >= 0)	/* wait for any signals from slaves */
343 		/* void */;
344 
345 	if (pipeout)
346 		return;
347 
348 	msg("Closing %s\n", tape);
349 
350 #ifdef RDUMP
351 	if (host) {
352 		rmtclose();
353 		while (rmtopen(tape, 0) < 0)
354 			sleep(10);
355 		rmtclose();
356 		return;
357 	}
358 #endif
359 	(void) close(tapefd);
360 	while ((f = open(tape, 0)) < 0)
361 		sleep (10);
362 	(void) close(f);
363 }
364 
365 void
366 close_rewind()
367 {
368 	trewind();
369 	if (nexttape)
370 		return;
371 	if (!nogripe) {
372 		msg("Change Volumes: Mount volume #%d\n", tapeno+1);
373 		broadcast("CHANGE DUMP VOLUMES!\7\7\n");
374 	}
375 	while (!query("Is the new volume mounted and ready to go?"))
376 		if (query("Do you want to abort?")) {
377 			dumpabort(0);
378 			/*NOTREACHED*/
379 		}
380 }
381 
382 void
383 rollforward()
384 {
385 	register struct req *p, *q, *prev;
386 	register struct slave *tslp;
387 	int i, size, savedtapea, got;
388 	union u_spcl *ntb, *otb;
389 	tslp = &slaves[SLAVES];
390 	ntb = (union u_spcl *)tslp->tblock[1];
391 
392 	/*
393 	 * Each of the N slaves should have requests that need to
394 	 * be replayed on the next tape.  Use the extra slave buffers
395 	 * (slaves[SLAVES]) to construct request lists to be sent to
396 	 * each slave in turn.
397 	 */
398 	for (i = 0; i < SLAVES; i++) {
399 		q = &tslp->req[1];
400 		otb = (union u_spcl *)slp->tblock;
401 
402 		/*
403 		 * For each request in the current slave, copy it to tslp.
404 		 */
405 
406 		for (p = slp->req; p->count > 0; p += p->count) {
407 			*q = *p;
408 			if (p->dblk == 0)
409 				*ntb++ = *otb++; /* copy the datablock also */
410 			prev = q;
411 			q += q->count;
412 		}
413 		if (prev->dblk != 0)
414 			prev->count -= 1;
415 		else
416 			ntb--;
417 		q -= 1;
418 		q->count = 0;
419 		q = &tslp->req[0];
420 		if (i == 0) {
421 			q->dblk = 0;
422 			q->count = 1;
423 			trecno = 0;
424 			nextblock = tslp->tblock;
425 			savedtapea = spcl.c_tapea;
426 			spcl.c_tapea = slp->tapea;
427 			startnewtape(0);
428 			spcl.c_tapea = savedtapea;
429 			lastspclrec = savedtapea - 1;
430 		}
431 		size = (char *)ntb - (char *)q;
432 		if (atomic(write, slp->fd, (char *)q, size) != size) {
433 			perror("  DUMP: error writing command pipe");
434 			dumpabort(0);
435 		}
436 		slp->sent = 1;
437 		if (++slp >= &slaves[SLAVES])
438 			slp = &slaves[0];
439 
440 		q->count = 1;
441 
442 		if (prev->dblk != 0) {
443 			/*
444 			 * If the last one was a disk block, make the
445 			 * first of this one be the last bit of that disk
446 			 * block...
447 			 */
448 			q->dblk = prev->dblk +
449 				prev->count * (TP_BSIZE / DEV_BSIZE);
450 			ntb = (union u_spcl *)tslp->tblock;
451 		} else {
452 			/*
453 			 * It wasn't a disk block.  Copy the data to its
454 			 * new location in the buffer.
455 			 */
456 			q->dblk = 0;
457 			*((union u_spcl *)tslp->tblock) = *ntb;
458 			ntb = (union u_spcl *)tslp->tblock[1];
459 		}
460 	}
461 	slp->req[0] = *q;
462 	nextblock = slp->tblock;
463 	if (q->dblk == 0)
464 		nextblock++;
465 	trecno = 1;
466 
467 	/*
468 	 * Clear the first slaves' response.  One hopes that it
469 	 * worked ok, otherwise the tape is much too short!
470 	 */
471 	if (slp->sent) {
472 		if (atomic(read, slp->fd, (char *)&got, sizeof got)
473 		    != sizeof got) {
474 			perror("  DUMP: error reading command pipe in master");
475 			dumpabort(0);
476 		}
477 		slp->sent = 0;
478 
479 		if (got != writesize) {
480 			quit("EOT detected at start of the tape!\n");
481 		}
482 	}
483 }
484 
485 /*
486  * We implement taking and restoring checkpoints on the tape level.
487  * When each tape is opened, a new process is created by forking; this
488  * saves all of the necessary context in the parent.  The child
489  * continues the dump; the parent waits around, saving the context.
490  * If the child returns X_REWRITE, then it had problems writing that tape;
491  * this causes the parent to fork again, duplicating the context, and
492  * everything continues as if nothing had happened.
493  */
494 void
495 startnewtape(top)
496 	int top;
497 {
498 	int	parentpid;
499 	int	childpid;
500 	int	status;
501 	int	waitpid;
502 	char	*p;
503 #ifdef sunos
504 	void	(*interrupt_save)();
505 	char	*index();
506 #else
507 	sig_t	interrupt_save;
508 #endif
509 
510 	interrupt_save = signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
511 	parentpid = getpid();
512 
513     restore_check_point:
514 	(void)signal(SIGINT, interrupt_save);
515 	/*
516 	 *	All signals are inherited...
517 	 */
518 	childpid = fork();
519 	if (childpid < 0) {
520 		msg("Context save fork fails in parent %d\n", parentpid);
521 		Exit(X_ABORT);
522 	}
523 	if (childpid != 0) {
524 		/*
525 		 *	PARENT:
526 		 *	save the context by waiting
527 		 *	until the child doing all of the work returns.
528 		 *	don't catch the interrupt
529 		 */
530 		signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
531 #ifdef TDEBUG
532 		msg("Tape: %d; parent process: %d child process %d\n",
533 			tapeno+1, parentpid, childpid);
534 #endif TDEBUG
535 		while ((waitpid = wait(&status)) != childpid)
536 			msg("Parent %d waiting for child %d has another child %d return\n",
537 				parentpid, childpid, waitpid);
538 		if (status & 0xFF) {
539 			msg("Child %d returns LOB status %o\n",
540 				childpid, status&0xFF);
541 		}
542 		status = (status >> 8) & 0xFF;
543 #ifdef TDEBUG
544 		switch(status) {
545 			case X_FINOK:
546 				msg("Child %d finishes X_FINOK\n", childpid);
547 				break;
548 			case X_ABORT:
549 				msg("Child %d finishes X_ABORT\n", childpid);
550 				break;
551 			case X_REWRITE:
552 				msg("Child %d finishes X_REWRITE\n", childpid);
553 				break;
554 			default:
555 				msg("Child %d finishes unknown %d\n",
556 					childpid, status);
557 				break;
558 		}
559 #endif TDEBUG
560 		switch(status) {
561 			case X_FINOK:
562 				Exit(X_FINOK);
563 			case X_ABORT:
564 				Exit(X_ABORT);
565 			case X_REWRITE:
566 				goto restore_check_point;
567 			default:
568 				msg("Bad return code from dump: %d\n", status);
569 				Exit(X_ABORT);
570 		}
571 		/*NOTREACHED*/
572 	} else {	/* we are the child; just continue */
573 #ifdef TDEBUG
574 		sleep(4);	/* allow time for parent's message to get out */
575 		msg("Child on Tape %d has parent %d, my pid = %d\n",
576 			tapeno+1, parentpid, getpid());
577 #endif TDEBUG
578 		/*
579 		 * If we have a name like "/dev/rmt0,/dev/rmt1",
580 		 * use the name before the comma first, and save
581 		 * the remaining names for subsequent volumes.
582 		 */
583 		tapeno++;               /* current tape sequence */
584 		if (nexttape || index(tape, ',')) {
585 			if (nexttape && *nexttape)
586 				tape = nexttape;
587 			if (p = index(tape, ',')) {
588 				*p = '\0';
589 				nexttape = p + 1;
590 			} else
591 				nexttape = NULL;
592 			msg("Dumping volume %d on %s\n", tapeno, tape);
593 		}
594 #ifdef RDUMP
595 		while ((tapefd = (host ? rmtopen(tape, 2) :
596 			pipeout ? 1 : open(tape, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT, 0666))) < 0)
597 #else
598 		while ((tapefd = (pipeout ? 1 :
599 				  open(tape, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT, 0666))) < 0)
600 #endif
601 		    {
602 			msg("Cannot open output \"%s\".\n", tape);
603 			if (!query("Do you want to retry the open?"))
604 				dumpabort(0);
605 		}
606 
607 		enslave();  /* Share open tape file descriptor with slaves */
608 
609 		asize = 0;
610 		blocksthisvol = 0;
611 		if (top)
612 			newtape++;		/* new tape signal */
613 		spcl.c_count = slp->count;
614 		/*
615 		 * measure firstrec in TP_BSIZE units since restore doesn't
616 		 * know the correct ntrec value...
617 		 */
618 		spcl.c_firstrec = slp->firstrec;
619 		spcl.c_volume++;
620 		spcl.c_type = TS_TAPE;
621 		spcl.c_flags |= DR_NEWHEADER;
622 		writeheader((ino_t)slp->inode);
623 		spcl.c_flags &=~ DR_NEWHEADER;
624 		if (tapeno > 1)
625 			msg("Volume %d begins with blocks from inode %d\n",
626 				tapeno, slp->inode);
627 	}
628 }
629 
630 void
631 dumpabort(signo)
632 	int signo;
633 {
634 
635 	if (master != 0 && master != getpid())
636 		/* Signals master to call dumpabort */
637 		(void) kill(master, SIGTERM);
638 	else {
639 		killall();
640 		msg("The ENTIRE dump is aborted.\n");
641 	}
642 #ifdef RDUMP
643 	rmtclose();
644 #endif
645 	Exit(X_ABORT);
646 }
647 
648 void
649 Exit(status)
650 	int status;
651 {
652 
653 #ifdef TDEBUG
654 	msg("pid = %d exits with status %d\n", getpid(), status);
655 #endif TDEBUG
656 	(void) exit(status);
657 }
658 
659 /*
660  * proceed - handler for SIGUSR2, used to synchronize IO between the slaves.
661  */
662 void
663 proceed(signo)
664 	int signo;
665 {
666 
667 	if (ready)
668 		longjmp(jmpbuf, 1);
669 	caught++;
670 }
671 
672 void
673 enslave()
674 {
675 	int cmd[2];
676 	register int i, j;
677 
678 	master = getpid();
679 
680 	signal(SIGTERM, dumpabort);  /* Slave sends SIGTERM on dumpabort() */
681 	signal(SIGPIPE, sigpipe);
682 	signal(SIGUSR1, tperror);    /* Slave sends SIGUSR1 on tape errors */
683 	signal(SIGUSR2, proceed);    /* Slave sends SIGUSR2 to next slave */
684 
685 	for (i = 0; i < SLAVES; i++) {
686 		if (i == slp - &slaves[0]) {
687 			caught = 1;
688 		} else {
689 			caught = 0;
690 		}
691 
692 		if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, cmd) < 0 ||
693 		    (slaves[i].pid = fork()) < 0)
694 			quit("too many slaves, %d (recompile smaller): %s\n",
695 			    i, strerror(errno));
696 
697 		slaves[i].fd = cmd[1];
698 		slaves[i].sent = 0;
699 		if (slaves[i].pid == 0) { 	    /* Slave starts up here */
700 			for (j = 0; j <= i; j++)
701 			        (void) close(slaves[j].fd);
702 			signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);    /* Master handles this */
703 			doslave(cmd[0], i);
704 			Exit(X_FINOK);
705 		}
706 	}
707 
708 	for (i = 0; i < SLAVES; i++)
709 		(void) atomic(write, slaves[i].fd,
710 			      (char *) &slaves[(i + 1) % SLAVES].pid,
711 		              sizeof slaves[0].pid);
712 
713 	master = 0;
714 }
715 
716 void
717 killall()
718 {
719 	register int i;
720 
721 	for (i = 0; i < SLAVES; i++)
722 		if (slaves[i].pid > 0)
723 			(void) kill(slaves[i].pid, SIGKILL);
724 }
725 
726 /*
727  * Synchronization - each process has a lockfile, and shares file
728  * descriptors to the following process's lockfile.  When our write
729  * completes, we release our lock on the following process's lock-
730  * file, allowing the following process to lock it and proceed. We
731  * get the lock back for the next cycle by swapping descriptors.
732  */
733 void
734 doslave(cmd, slave_number)
735 	register int cmd;
736         int slave_number;
737 {
738 	register int nread;
739 	int nextslave, size, wrote, eot_count;
740 #ifndef __STDC__
741 	int read();
742 #endif
743 
744 	/*
745 	 * Need our own seek pointer.
746 	 */
747 	(void) close(diskfd);
748 	if ((diskfd = open(disk, O_RDONLY)) < 0)
749 		quit("slave couldn't reopen disk: %s\n", strerror(errno));
750 
751 	/*
752 	 * Need the pid of the next slave in the loop...
753 	 */
754 	if ((nread = atomic(read, cmd, (char *)&nextslave, sizeof nextslave))
755 	    != sizeof nextslave) {
756 		quit("master/slave protocol botched - didn't get pid of next slave.\n");
757 	}
758 
759 	/*
760 	 * Get list of blocks to dump, read the blocks into tape buffer
761 	 */
762 	while ((nread = atomic(read, cmd, (char *)slp->req, reqsiz)) == reqsiz) {
763 		register struct req *p = slp->req;
764 
765 		for (trecno = 0; trecno < ntrec;
766 		     trecno += p->count, p += p->count) {
767 			if (p->dblk) {
768 				bread(p->dblk, slp->tblock[trecno],
769 					p->count * TP_BSIZE);
770 			} else {
771 				if (p->count != 1 || atomic(read, cmd,
772 				    (char *)slp->tblock[trecno],
773 				    TP_BSIZE) != TP_BSIZE)
774 				       quit("master/slave protocol botched.\n");
775 			}
776 		}
777 		if (setjmp(jmpbuf) == 0) {
778 			ready = 1;
779 			if (!caught)
780 				(void) pause();
781 		}
782 		ready = 0;
783 		caught = 0;
784 
785 		/* Try to write the data... */
786 		eot_count = 0;
787 		size = 0;
788 
789 		while (eot_count < 10 && size < writesize) {
790 #ifdef RDUMP
791 			if (host)
792 				wrote = rmtwrite(slp->tblock[0]+size,
793 				    writesize-size);
794 			else
795 #endif
796 				wrote = write(tapefd, slp->tblock[0]+size,
797 				    writesize-size);
798 #ifdef WRITEDEBUG
799 			printf("slave %d wrote %d\n", slave_number, wrote);
800 #endif
801 			if (wrote < 0)
802 				break;
803 			if (wrote == 0)
804 				eot_count++;
805 			size += wrote;
806 		}
807 
808 #ifdef WRITEDEBUG
809 		if (size != writesize)
810 		 printf("slave %d only wrote %d out of %d bytes and gave up.\n",
811 		     slave_number, size, writesize);
812 #endif
813 
814 		if (eot_count > 0)
815 			size = 0;
816 
817 		/*
818 		 * fixme: Pyramids running OSx return ENOSPC
819 		 * at EOT on 1/2 inch drives.
820 		 */
821 		if (size < 0) {
822 			(void) kill(master, SIGUSR1);
823 			for (;;)
824 				(void) sigpause(0);
825 		} else {
826 			/*
827 			 * pass size of write back to master
828 			 * (for EOT handling)
829 			 */
830 			(void) atomic(write, cmd, (char *)&size, sizeof size);
831 		}
832 
833 		/*
834 		 * If partial write, don't want next slave to go.
835 		 * Also jolts him awake.
836 		 */
837 		(void) kill(nextslave, SIGUSR2);
838 	}
839 	if (nread != 0)
840 		quit("error reading command pipe: %s\n", strerror(errno));
841 }
842 
843 /*
844  * Since a read from a pipe may not return all we asked for,
845  * or a write may not write all we ask if we get a signal,
846  * loop until the count is satisfied (or error).
847  */
848 int
849 atomic(func, fd, buf, count)
850 	int (*func)(), fd, count;
851 	char *buf;
852 {
853 	int got, need = count;
854 
855 	while ((got = (*func)(fd, buf, need)) > 0 && (need -= got) > 0)
856 		buf += got;
857 	return (got < 0 ? got : count - need);
858 }
859