xref: /netbsd-src/sbin/dump/main.c (revision ba65fde2d7fefa7d39838fa5fa855e62bd606b5e)
1 /*	$NetBSD: main.c,v 1.69 2012/04/07 16:44:10 christos Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993, 1994
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
33 #ifndef lint
34 __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993, 1994\
35  The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.");
36 #endif /* not lint */
37 
38 #ifndef lint
39 #if 0
40 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)main.c	8.6 (Berkeley) 5/1/95";
41 #else
42 __RCSID("$NetBSD: main.c,v 1.69 2012/04/07 16:44:10 christos Exp $");
43 #endif
44 #endif /* not lint */
45 
46 #include <sys/param.h>
47 #include <sys/time.h>
48 #include <sys/stat.h>
49 #include <sys/mount.h>
50 
51 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
52 #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
53 #include <ufs/ffs/ffs_extern.h>
54 
55 #include <protocols/dumprestore.h>
56 
57 #include <ctype.h>
58 #include <err.h>
59 #include <errno.h>
60 #include <fcntl.h>
61 #include <fstab.h>
62 #include <signal.h>
63 #include <stdio.h>
64 #include <stdlib.h>
65 #include <string.h>
66 #include <time.h>
67 #include <unistd.h>
68 #include <util.h>
69 
70 #include "dump.h"
71 #include "pathnames.h"
72 #include "snapshot.h"
73 
74 int	timestamp;		/* print message timestamps */
75 int	notify;			/* notify operator flag */
76 int	blockswritten;		/* number of blocks written on current tape */
77 int	tapeno;			/* current tape number */
78 int	density;		/* density in bytes/0.1" */
79 int	ntrec = NTREC;		/* # tape blocks in each tape record */
80 int	cartridge;		/* Assume non-cartridge tape */
81 long	dev_bsize = 1;		/* recalculated below */
82 long	blocksperfile;		/* output blocks per file */
83 const char *host;		/* remote host (if any) */
84 int	readcache = -1;		/* read cache size (in readblksize blks) */
85 int	readblksize = 32 * 1024; /* read block size */
86 char    default_time_string[] = "%T %Z"; /* default timestamp string */
87 char    *time_string = default_time_string; /* timestamp string */
88 
89 static long numarg(const char *, long, long);
90 static void obsolete(int *, char **[]);
91 static void usage(void);
92 
93 int
94 main(int argc, char *argv[])
95 {
96 	ino_t ino;
97 	int dirty;
98 	union dinode *dp;
99 	struct fstab *dt;
100 	struct statvfs *mntinfo, fsbuf;
101 	char *map, *cp;
102 	int ch;
103 	int i, anydirskipped, bflag = 0, Tflag = 0, Fflag = 0, honorlevel = 1;
104 	int snap_internal = 0;
105 	ino_t maxino;
106 	time_t tnow, date;
107 	int dirc;
108 	char *mountpoint;
109 	int just_estimate = 0;
110 	char labelstr[LBLSIZE];
111 	char buf[MAXPATHLEN], rbuf[MAXPATHLEN];
112 	char *new_time_format;
113 	char *snap_backup = NULL;
114 
115 	spcl.c_date = 0;
116 	(void)time(&tnow);
117 	spcl.c_date = tnow;
118 	tzset(); /* set up timezone for strftime */
119 	if ((new_time_format = getenv("TIMEFORMAT")) != NULL)
120 		time_string = new_time_format;
121 
122 	tsize = 0;	/* Default later, based on 'c' option for cart tapes */
123 	if ((tape = getenv("TAPE")) == NULL)
124 		tape = _PATH_DEFTAPE;
125 	dumpdates = _PATH_DUMPDATES;
126 	temp = _PATH_DTMP;
127 	strcpy(labelstr, "none");	/* XXX safe strcpy. */
128 	if (TP_BSIZE / DEV_BSIZE == 0 || TP_BSIZE % DEV_BSIZE != 0)
129 		quit("TP_BSIZE must be a multiple of DEV_BSIZE\n");
130 	level = '0';
131 	timestamp = 0;
132 
133 	if (argc < 2)
134 		usage();
135 
136 	obsolete(&argc, &argv);
137 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv,
138 	    "0123456789aB:b:cd:eFf:h:ik:l:L:nr:s:StT:uWwx:X")) != -1)
139 		switch (ch) {
140 		/* dump level */
141 		case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
142 		case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
143 			level = ch;
144 			break;
145 
146 		case 'a':		/* `auto-size', Write to EOM. */
147 			unlimited = 1;
148 			break;
149 
150 		case 'B':		/* blocks per output file */
151 			blocksperfile = numarg("blocks per file", 1L, 0L);
152 			break;
153 
154 		case 'b':		/* blocks per tape write */
155 			ntrec = numarg("blocks per write", 1L, 1000L);
156 			bflag = 1;
157 			break;
158 
159 		case 'c':		/* Tape is cart. not 9-track */
160 			cartridge = 1;
161 			break;
162 
163 		case 'd':		/* density, in bits per inch */
164 			density = numarg("density", 10L, 327670L) / 10;
165 			if (density >= 625 && !bflag)
166 				ntrec = HIGHDENSITYTREC;
167 			break;
168 
169 		case 'e':		/* eject full tapes */
170 			eflag = 1;
171 			break;
172 
173 		case 'F':		/* files-to-dump is an fs image */
174 			Fflag = 1;
175 			break;
176 
177 		case 'f':		/* output file */
178 			tape = optarg;
179 			break;
180 
181 		case 'h':
182 			honorlevel = numarg("honor level", 0L, 10L);
183 			break;
184 
185 		case 'i':	/* "true incremental" regardless level */
186 			level = 'i';
187 			trueinc = 1;
188 			break;
189 
190 		case 'k':
191 			readblksize = numarg("read block size", 0, 64) * 1024;
192 			break;
193 
194 		case 'l':		/* autoload after eject full tapes */
195 			eflag = 1;
196 			lflag = numarg("timeout (in seconds)", 1, 0);
197 			break;
198 
199 		case 'L':
200 			/*
201 			 * Note that although there are LBLSIZE characters,
202 			 * the last must be '\0', so the limit on strlen()
203 			 * is really LBLSIZE-1.
204 			 */
205 			if (strlcpy(labelstr, optarg, sizeof(labelstr))
206 			    >= sizeof(labelstr)) {
207 				msg(
208 		"WARNING Label `%s' is larger than limit of %lu characters.\n",
209 				    optarg,
210 				    (unsigned long)sizeof(labelstr) - 1);
211 				msg("WARNING: Using truncated label `%s'.\n",
212 				    labelstr);
213 			}
214 			break;
215 		case 'n':		/* notify operators */
216 			notify = 1;
217 			break;
218 
219 		case 'r':		/* read cache size */
220 			readcache = numarg("read cache size", 0, 512);
221 			break;
222 
223 		case 's':		/* tape size, feet */
224 			tsize = numarg("tape size", 1L, 0L) * 12 * 10;
225 			break;
226 
227 		case 'S':		/* exit after estimating # of tapes */
228 			just_estimate = 1;
229 			break;
230 
231 		case 't':
232 			timestamp = 1;
233 			break;
234 
235 		case 'T':		/* time of last dump */
236 			spcl.c_ddate = unctime(optarg);
237 			if (spcl.c_ddate < 0) {
238 				(void)fprintf(stderr, "bad time \"%s\"\n",
239 				    optarg);
240 				exit(X_STARTUP);
241 			}
242 			Tflag = 1;
243 			lastlevel = '?';
244 			break;
245 
246 		case 'u':		/* update /etc/dumpdates */
247 			uflag = 1;
248 			break;
249 
250 		case 'W':		/* what to do */
251 		case 'w':
252 			lastdump(ch);
253 			exit(X_FINOK);	/* do nothing else */
254 
255 		case 'x':
256 			snap_backup = optarg;
257 			break;
258 
259 		case 'X':
260 			snap_internal = 1;
261 			break;
262 
263 		default:
264 			usage();
265 		}
266 	argc -= optind;
267 	argv += optind;
268 
269 	if (argc < 1) {
270 		(void)fprintf(stderr,
271 		    "Must specify disk or image, or file list\n");
272 		exit(X_STARTUP);
273 	}
274 
275 
276 	/*
277 	 *	determine if disk is a subdirectory, and setup appropriately
278 	 */
279 	getfstab();		/* /etc/fstab snarfed */
280 	disk = NULL;
281 	disk_dev = NULL;
282 	mountpoint = NULL;
283 	dirc = 0;
284 	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
285 		struct stat sb;
286 
287 		if (lstat(argv[i], &sb) == -1)
288 			quit("Cannot stat %s: %s\n", argv[i], strerror(errno));
289 		if (Fflag || S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode) || S_ISBLK(sb.st_mode)) {
290 			disk = argv[i];
291  multicheck:
292 			if (dirc != 0)
293 				quit(
294 	"Can't dump a disk or image at the same time as a file list\n");
295 			break;
296 		}
297 		if ((dt = fstabsearch(argv[i])) != NULL) {
298 			if (getfsspecname(buf, sizeof(buf), dt->fs_spec)
299 			    == NULL)
300 				quit("%s (%s)", buf, strerror(errno));
301 			disk = buf;
302 			mountpoint = xstrdup(dt->fs_file);
303 			goto multicheck;
304 		}
305 		if (statvfs(argv[i], &fsbuf) == -1)
306 			quit("Cannot statvfs %s: %s\n", argv[i],
307 			    strerror(errno));
308 		disk = fsbuf.f_mntfromname;
309 		if (strcmp(argv[i], fsbuf.f_mntonname) == 0)
310 			goto multicheck;
311 		if (mountpoint == NULL) {
312 			mountpoint = xstrdup(fsbuf.f_mntonname);
313 			if (uflag) {
314 				msg("Ignoring u flag for subdir dump\n");
315 				uflag = 0;
316 			}
317 			if (level > '0') {
318 				msg("Subdir dump is done at level 0\n");
319 				level = '0';
320 			}
321 			msg("Dumping sub files/directories from %s\n",
322 			    mountpoint);
323 		} else {
324 			if (strcmp(mountpoint, fsbuf.f_mntonname) != 0)
325 				quit("%s is not on %s\n", argv[i], mountpoint);
326 		}
327 		msg("Dumping file/directory %s\n", argv[i]);
328 		dirc++;
329 	}
330 	if (mountpoint)
331 		free(mountpoint);
332 
333 	if (dirc == 0) {
334 		argv++;
335 		if (argc != 1) {
336 			(void)fprintf(stderr, "Excess arguments to dump:");
337 			while (--argc)
338 				(void)fprintf(stderr, " %s", *argv++);
339 			(void)fprintf(stderr, "\n");
340 			exit(X_STARTUP);
341 		}
342 	}
343 	if (Tflag && uflag) {
344 		(void)fprintf(stderr,
345 		    "You cannot use the T and u flags together.\n");
346 		exit(X_STARTUP);
347 	}
348 	if (strcmp(tape, "-") == 0) {
349 		pipeout++;
350 		tape = "standard output";
351 	}
352 
353 	if (blocksperfile)
354 		blocksperfile = blocksperfile / ntrec * ntrec; /* round down */
355 	else if (!unlimited) {
356 		/*
357 		 * Determine how to default tape size and density
358 		 *
359 		 *		density				tape size
360 		 * 9-track	1600 bpi (160 bytes/.1")	2300 ft.
361 		 * 9-track	6250 bpi (625 bytes/.1")	2300 ft.
362 		 * cartridge	8000 bpi (100 bytes/.1")	1700 ft.
363 		 *						(450*4 - slop)
364 		 */
365 		if (density == 0)
366 			density = cartridge ? 100 : 160;
367 		if (tsize == 0)
368 			tsize = cartridge ? 1700L*120L : 2300L*120L;
369 	}
370 
371 	if ((cp = strchr(tape, ':')) != NULL) {
372 		host = tape;
373 		/* This is fine, because all the const strings don't have : */
374 		*cp++ = '\0';
375 		tape = cp;
376 #ifdef RDUMP
377 		if (rmthost(host) == 0)
378 			exit(X_STARTUP);
379 #else
380 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "remote dump not enabled\n");
381 		exit(X_STARTUP);
382 #endif
383 	}
384 
385 	if (signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
386 		signal(SIGHUP, sig);
387 	if (signal(SIGTRAP, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
388 		signal(SIGTRAP, sig);
389 	if (signal(SIGFPE, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
390 		signal(SIGFPE, sig);
391 	if (signal(SIGBUS, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
392 		signal(SIGBUS, sig);
393 #if 0
394 	if (signal(SIGSEGV, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
395 		signal(SIGSEGV, sig);
396 #endif
397 	if (signal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
398 		signal(SIGTERM, sig);
399 	if (signal(SIGINT, interrupt) == SIG_IGN)
400 		signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
401 
402 	/*
403 	 *	disk can be either the full special file name, or
404 	 *	the file system name.
405 	 */
406 	mountpoint = NULL;
407 	mntinfo = mntinfosearch(disk);
408 	if ((dt = fstabsearch(disk)) != NULL) {
409 		if (getfsspecname(buf, sizeof(buf), dt->fs_spec) == NULL)
410 			quit("%s (%s)", buf, strerror(errno));
411 		if (getdiskrawname(rbuf, sizeof(rbuf), buf) == NULL)
412 			quit("Can't get disk raw name for `%s' (%s)",
413 			    buf, strerror(errno));
414 		disk = rbuf;
415 		mountpoint = dt->fs_file;
416 		msg("Found %s on %s in %s\n", disk, mountpoint, _PATH_FSTAB);
417 	} else if (mntinfo != NULL) {
418 		if (getdiskrawname(rbuf, sizeof(rbuf), mntinfo->f_mntfromname)
419 		    == NULL)
420 			quit("Can't get disk raw name for `%s' (%s)",
421 			    mntinfo->f_mntfromname, strerror(errno));
422 		mountpoint = mntinfo->f_mntonname;
423 		msg("Found %s on %s in mount table\n", disk, mountpoint);
424 	}
425 	if (mountpoint != NULL) {
426 		if (dirc != 0)
427 			(void)snprintf(spcl.c_filesys, sizeof(spcl.c_filesys),
428 			    "a subset of %s", mountpoint);
429 		else
430 			(void)strlcpy(spcl.c_filesys, mountpoint,
431 			    sizeof(spcl.c_filesys));
432 	} else if (Fflag) {
433 		(void)strlcpy(spcl.c_filesys, "a file system image",
434 		    sizeof(spcl.c_filesys));
435 	} else {
436 		(void)strlcpy(spcl.c_filesys, "an unlisted file system",
437 		    sizeof(spcl.c_filesys));
438 	}
439 	(void)strlcpy(spcl.c_dev, disk, sizeof(spcl.c_dev));
440 	(void)strlcpy(spcl.c_label, labelstr, sizeof(spcl.c_label));
441 	(void)gethostname(spcl.c_host, sizeof(spcl.c_host));
442 	spcl.c_host[sizeof(spcl.c_host) - 1] = '\0';
443 
444 	if ((snap_backup != NULL || snap_internal) && mntinfo == NULL) {
445 		msg("WARNING: Cannot use -x or -X on unmounted file system.\n");
446 		snap_backup = NULL;
447 		snap_internal = 0;
448 	}
449 
450 #ifdef DUMP_LFS
451 	sync();
452 	if (snap_backup != NULL || snap_internal) {
453 		if (lfs_wrap_stop(mountpoint) < 0) {
454 			msg("Cannot stop writing on %s\n", mountpoint);
455 			exit(X_STARTUP);
456 		}
457 	}
458 	if ((diskfd = open(disk, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
459 		msg("Cannot open %s\n", disk);
460 		exit(X_STARTUP);
461 	}
462 	disk_dev = disk;
463 #else /* ! DUMP_LFS */
464 	if (snap_backup != NULL || snap_internal) {
465 		diskfd = snap_open(mntinfo->f_mntonname, snap_backup,
466 		    &tnow, &disk_dev);
467 		if (diskfd < 0) {
468 			msg("Cannot open snapshot of %s\n",
469 				mntinfo->f_mntonname);
470 			exit(X_STARTUP);
471 		}
472 		spcl.c_date = tnow;
473 	} else {
474 		if ((diskfd = open(disk, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
475 			msg("Cannot open %s\n", disk);
476 			exit(X_STARTUP);
477 		}
478 		disk_dev = disk;
479 	}
480 	sync();
481 #endif /* ! DUMP_LFS */
482 
483 	needswap = fs_read_sblock(sblock_buf);
484 
485 	/* true incremental is always a level 10 dump */
486 	spcl.c_level = trueinc? iswap32(10): iswap32(level - '0');
487 	spcl.c_type = iswap32(TS_TAPE);
488 	spcl.c_date = iswap32(spcl.c_date);
489 	spcl.c_ddate = iswap32(spcl.c_ddate);
490 	if (!Tflag)
491 		getdumptime();		/* /etc/dumpdates snarfed */
492 
493 	date = iswap32(spcl.c_date);
494 	msg("Date of this level %c dump: %s", level,
495 		spcl.c_date == 0 ? "the epoch\n" : ctime(&date));
496 	date = iswap32(spcl.c_ddate);
497  	msg("Date of last level %c dump: %s", lastlevel,
498 		spcl.c_ddate == 0 ? "the epoch\n" : ctime(&date));
499 	msg("Dumping ");
500 	if (snap_backup != NULL || snap_internal)
501 		msgtail("a snapshot of ");
502 	if (dirc != 0)
503 		msgtail("a subset of ");
504 	msgtail("%s (%s) ", disk, spcl.c_filesys);
505 	if (host)
506 		msgtail("to %s on host %s\n", tape, host);
507 	else
508 		msgtail("to %s\n", tape);
509 	msg("Label: %s\n", labelstr);
510 
511 	ufsib = fs_parametrize();
512 
513 	dev_bshift = ffs(dev_bsize) - 1;
514 	if (dev_bsize != (1 << dev_bshift))
515 		quit("dev_bsize (%ld) is not a power of 2", dev_bsize);
516 	tp_bshift = ffs(TP_BSIZE) - 1;
517 	if (TP_BSIZE != (1 << tp_bshift))
518 		quit("TP_BSIZE (%d) is not a power of 2", TP_BSIZE);
519 	maxino = fs_maxino();
520 	mapsize = roundup(howmany(maxino, NBBY), TP_BSIZE);
521 	usedinomap = (char *)xcalloc((unsigned) mapsize, sizeof(char));
522 	dumpdirmap = (char *)xcalloc((unsigned) mapsize, sizeof(char));
523 	dumpinomap = (char *)xcalloc((unsigned) mapsize, sizeof(char));
524 	tapesize = 3 * (howmany(mapsize * sizeof(char), TP_BSIZE) + 1);
525 
526 	nonodump = iswap32(spcl.c_level) < honorlevel;
527 
528 	initcache(readcache, readblksize);
529 
530 	(void)signal(SIGINFO, statussig);
531 
532 	msg("mapping (Pass I) [regular files]\n");
533 	anydirskipped = mapfiles(maxino, &tapesize, mountpoint,
534 	    (dirc ? argv : NULL));
535 
536 	msg("mapping (Pass II) [directories]\n");
537 	while (anydirskipped) {
538 		anydirskipped = mapdirs(maxino, &tapesize);
539 	}
540 
541 	if (pipeout || unlimited) {
542 		tapesize += 10;	/* 10 trailer blocks */
543 		msg("estimated %llu tape blocks.\n",
544 		    (unsigned long long)tapesize);
545 	} else {
546 		double fetapes;
547 
548 		if (blocksperfile)
549 			fetapes = (double) tapesize / blocksperfile;
550 		else if (cartridge) {
551 			/* Estimate number of tapes, assuming streaming stops at
552 			   the end of each block written, and not in mid-block.
553 			   Assume no erroneous blocks; this can be compensated
554 			   for with an artificially low tape size. */
555 			fetapes =
556 			(	  (double) tapesize	/* blocks */
557 				* TP_BSIZE	/* bytes/block */
558 				* (1.0/density)	/* 0.1" / byte */
559 			  +
560 				  (double) tapesize	/* blocks */
561 				* (1.0/ntrec)	/* streaming-stops per block */
562 				* 15.48		/* 0.1" / streaming-stop */
563 			) * (1.0 / tsize );	/* tape / 0.1" */
564 		} else {
565 			/* Estimate number of tapes, for old fashioned 9-track
566 			   tape */
567 			int tenthsperirg = (density == 625) ? 3 : 7;
568 			fetapes =
569 			(	  tapesize	/* blocks */
570 				* TP_BSIZE	/* bytes / block */
571 				* (1.0/density)	/* 0.1" / byte */
572 			  +
573 				  tapesize	/* blocks */
574 				* (1.0/ntrec)	/* IRG's / block */
575 				* tenthsperirg	/* 0.1" / IRG */
576 			) * (1.0 / tsize );	/* tape / 0.1" */
577 		}
578 		etapes = fetapes;		/* truncating assignment */
579 		etapes++;
580 		/* count the dumped inodes map on each additional tape */
581 		tapesize += (etapes - 1) *
582 			(howmany(mapsize * sizeof(char), TP_BSIZE) + 1);
583 		tapesize += etapes + 10;	/* headers + 10 trailer blks */
584 		msg("estimated %llu tape blocks on %3.2f tape(s).\n",
585 		    (unsigned long long)tapesize, fetapes);
586 	}
587 	/*
588 	 * If the user only wants an estimate of the number of
589 	 * tapes, exit now.
590 	 */
591 	if (just_estimate)
592 		exit(X_FINOK);
593 
594 	/*
595 	 * Allocate tape buffer.
596 	 */
597 	if (!alloctape())
598 		quit("can't allocate tape buffers - try a smaller blocking factor.\n");
599 
600 	startnewtape(1);
601 	(void)time((time_t *)&(tstart_writing));
602 	xferrate = 0;
603 	dumpmap(usedinomap, TS_CLRI, maxino - 1);
604 
605 	msg("dumping (Pass III) [directories]\n");
606 	dirty = 0;		/* XXX just to get gcc to shut up */
607 	for (map = dumpdirmap, ino = 1; ino < maxino; ino++) {
608 		if (((ino - 1) % NBBY) == 0)	/* map is offset by 1 */
609 			dirty = *map++;
610 		else
611 			dirty >>= 1;
612 		if ((dirty & 1) == 0)
613 			continue;
614 		/*
615 		 * Skip directory inodes deleted and maybe reallocated
616 		 */
617 		dp = getino(ino);
618 		if ((DIP(dp, mode) & IFMT) != IFDIR)
619 			continue;
620 		(void)dumpino(dp, ino);
621 	}
622 
623 	msg("dumping (Pass IV) [regular files]\n");
624 	for (map = dumpinomap, ino = 1; ino < maxino; ino++) {
625 		int mode;
626 
627 		if (((ino - 1) % NBBY) == 0)	/* map is offset by 1 */
628 			dirty = *map++;
629 		else
630 			dirty >>= 1;
631 		if ((dirty & 1) == 0)
632 			continue;
633 		/*
634 		 * Skip inodes deleted and reallocated as directories.
635 		 */
636 		dp = getino(ino);
637 		mode = DIP(dp, mode) & IFMT;
638 		if (mode == IFDIR)
639 			continue;
640 		(void)dumpino(dp, ino);
641 	}
642 
643 	spcl.c_type = iswap32(TS_END);
644 	for (i = 0; i < ntrec; i++)
645 		writeheader(maxino - 1);
646 	if (pipeout)
647 		msg("%d tape blocks\n",iswap32(spcl.c_tapea));
648 	else
649 		msg("%d tape blocks on %d volume%s\n",
650 		    iswap32(spcl.c_tapea), iswap32(spcl.c_volume),
651 		    (iswap32(spcl.c_volume) == 1) ? "" : "s");
652 	tnow = do_stats();
653 	date = iswap32(spcl.c_date);
654 	msg("Date of this level %c dump: %s", level,
655 		spcl.c_date == 0 ? "the epoch\n" : ctime(&date));
656 	msg("Date this dump completed:  %s", ctime(&tnow));
657 	msg("Average transfer rate: %d KB/s\n", xferrate / tapeno);
658 	putdumptime();
659 	trewind(0);
660 	broadcast("DUMP IS DONE!\a\a\n");
661 #ifdef DUMP_LFS
662 	lfs_wrap_go();
663 #endif /* DUMP_LFS */
664 	msg("DUMP IS DONE\n");
665 	Exit(X_FINOK);
666 	/* NOTREACHED */
667 	exit(X_FINOK);		/* XXX: to satisfy gcc */
668 }
669 
670 static void
671 usage(void)
672 {
673 	const char *prog = getprogname();
674 
675 	(void)fprintf(stderr,
676 "usage: %s [-0123456789aceFinStuX] [-B records] [-b blocksize]\n"
677 "            [-d density] [-f file] [-h level] [-k read-blocksize]\n"
678 "            [-L label] [-l timeout] [-r cachesize] [-s feet]\n"
679 "            [-T date] [-x snap-backup] files-to-dump\n"
680 "       %s [-W | -w]\n", prog, prog);
681 	exit(X_STARTUP);
682 }
683 
684 /*
685  * Pick up a numeric argument.  It must be nonnegative and in the given
686  * range (except that a vmax of 0 means unlimited).
687  */
688 static long
689 numarg(const char *meaning, long vmin, long vmax)
690 {
691 	char *p;
692 	long val;
693 
694 	val = strtol(optarg, &p, 10);
695 	if (*p)
696 		errx(X_STARTUP, "illegal %s -- %s", meaning, optarg);
697 	if (val < vmin || (vmax && val > vmax))
698 		errx(X_STARTUP, "%s must be between %ld and %ld",
699 		    meaning, vmin, vmax);
700 	return (val);
701 }
702 
703 void
704 sig(int signo)
705 {
706 
707 	switch(signo) {
708 	case SIGALRM:
709 	case SIGBUS:
710 	case SIGFPE:
711 	case SIGHUP:
712 	case SIGTERM:
713 	case SIGTRAP:
714 		if (pipeout)
715 			quit("Signal on pipe: cannot recover\n");
716 		msg("Rewriting attempted as response to signal %s.\n", sys_siglist[signo]);
717 		(void)fflush(stderr);
718 		(void)fflush(stdout);
719 		close_rewind();
720 		exit(X_REWRITE);
721 		/* NOTREACHED */
722 	case SIGSEGV:
723 		msg("SIGSEGV: ABORTING!\n");
724 		(void)signal(SIGSEGV, SIG_DFL);
725 		(void)kill(0, SIGSEGV);
726 		/* NOTREACHED */
727 	}
728 }
729 
730 /*
731  * obsolete --
732  *	Change set of key letters and ordered arguments into something
733  *	getopt(3) will like.
734  */
735 static void
736 obsolete(int *argcp, char **argvp[])
737 {
738 	int argc, flags;
739 	char *ap, **argv, *flagsp, **nargv, *p;
740 
741 	/* Setup. */
742 	argv = *argvp;
743 	argc = *argcp;
744 
745 	/* Return if no arguments or first argument has leading dash. */
746 	ap = argv[1];
747 	if (argc == 1 || *ap == '-')
748 		return;
749 
750 	/* Allocate space for new arguments. */
751 	*argvp = nargv = xmalloc((argc + 1) * sizeof(char *));
752 	p = flagsp = xmalloc(strlen(ap) + 2);
753 
754 	*nargv++ = *argv;
755 	argv += 2;
756 
757 	for (flags = 0; *ap; ++ap) {
758 		switch (*ap) {
759 		case 'B':
760 		case 'b':
761 		case 'd':
762 		case 'f':
763 		case 'h':
764 		case 's':
765 		case 'T':
766 		case 'x':
767 			if (*argv == NULL) {
768 				warnx("option requires an argument -- %c", *ap);
769 				usage();
770 			}
771 			nargv[0] = xmalloc(strlen(*argv) + 2 + 1);
772 			nargv[0][0] = '-';
773 			nargv[0][1] = *ap;
774 			(void)strcpy(&nargv[0][2], *argv); /* XXX safe strcpy */
775 			++argv;
776 			++nargv;
777 			break;
778 		default:
779 			if (!flags) {
780 				*p++ = '-';
781 				flags = 1;
782 			}
783 			*p++ = *ap;
784 			break;
785 		}
786 	}
787 
788 	/* Terminate flags. */
789 	if (flags) {
790 		*p = '\0';
791 		*nargv++ = flagsp;
792 	} else
793 		free(flagsp);
794 
795 	/* Copy remaining arguments. */
796 	while ((*nargv++ = *argv++) != NULL)
797 		;
798 
799 	/* Update argument count. */
800 	*argcp = nargv - *argvp - 1;
801 }
802 
803 
804 void *
805 xcalloc(size_t number, size_t size)
806 {
807 	void *p;
808 
809 	p = calloc(number, size);
810 	if (p == NULL)
811 		quit("%s\n", strerror(errno));
812 	return (p);
813 }
814 
815 void *
816 xmalloc(size_t size)
817 {
818 	void *p;
819 
820 	p = malloc(size);
821 	if (p == NULL)
822 		quit("%s\n", strerror(errno));
823 	return (p);
824 }
825 
826 char *
827 xstrdup(const char *str)
828 {
829 	char *p;
830 
831 	p = strdup(str);
832 	if (p == NULL)
833 		quit("%s\n", strerror(errno));
834 	return (p);
835 }
836