xref: /netbsd-src/sbin/dump/main.c (revision aaf4ece63a859a04e37cf3a7229b5fab0157cc06)
1 /*	$NetBSD: main.c,v 1.59 2005/06/27 01:37:32 christos Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993, 1994
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
33 #ifndef lint
34 __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993, 1994\n\
35 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n");
36 #endif /* not lint */
37 
38 #ifndef lint
39 #if 0
40 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)main.c	8.6 (Berkeley) 5/1/95";
41 #else
42 __RCSID("$NetBSD: main.c,v 1.59 2005/06/27 01:37:32 christos Exp $");
43 #endif
44 #endif /* not lint */
45 
46 #include <sys/param.h>
47 #include <sys/time.h>
48 #include <sys/stat.h>
49 #include <sys/mount.h>
50 
51 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
52 #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
53 #include <ufs/ffs/ffs_extern.h>
54 
55 #include <protocols/dumprestore.h>
56 
57 #include <ctype.h>
58 #include <err.h>
59 #include <errno.h>
60 #include <fcntl.h>
61 #include <fstab.h>
62 #include <signal.h>
63 #include <stdio.h>
64 #include <stdlib.h>
65 #include <string.h>
66 #include <time.h>
67 #include <unistd.h>
68 
69 #include "dump.h"
70 #include "pathnames.h"
71 #include "snapshot.h"
72 
73 int	timestamp;		/* print message timestamps */
74 int	notify;			/* notify operator flag */
75 int	blockswritten;		/* number of blocks written on current tape */
76 int	tapeno;			/* current tape number */
77 int	density;		/* density in bytes/0.1" */
78 int	ntrec = NTREC;		/* # tape blocks in each tape record */
79 int	cartridge;		/* Assume non-cartridge tape */
80 long	dev_bsize = 1;		/* recalculated below */
81 long	blocksperfile;		/* output blocks per file */
82 const char *host;		/* remote host (if any) */
83 int	readcache = -1;		/* read cache size (in readblksize blks) */
84 int	readblksize = 32 * 1024; /* read block size */
85 char    default_time_string[] = "%T %Z"; /* default timestamp string */
86 char    *time_string = default_time_string; /* timestamp string */
87 
88 int	main(int, char *[]);
89 static long numarg(const char *, long, long);
90 static void obsolete(int *, char **[]);
91 static void usage(void);
92 
93 int
94 main(int argc, char *argv[])
95 {
96 	ino_t ino;
97 	int dirty;
98 	union dinode *dp;
99 	struct fstab *dt;
100 	struct statvfs *mntinfo, fsbuf;
101 	char *map, *cp;
102 	int ch;
103 	int i, anydirskipped, bflag = 0, Tflag = 0, Fflag = 0, honorlevel = 1;
104 	int snap_internal = 0;
105 	ino_t maxino;
106 	time_t tnow, date;
107 	int dirc;
108 	char *mountpoint;
109 	int just_estimate = 0;
110 	char labelstr[LBLSIZE];
111 	char *new_time_format;
112 	char *snap_backup = NULL;
113 
114 	spcl.c_date = 0;
115 	(void)time(&tnow);
116 	spcl.c_date = tnow;
117 	tzset(); /* set up timezone for strftime */
118 	if ((new_time_format = getenv("TIMEFORMAT")) != NULL)
119 		time_string = new_time_format;
120 
121 	tsize = 0;	/* Default later, based on 'c' option for cart tapes */
122 	if ((tape = getenv("TAPE")) == NULL)
123 		tape = _PATH_DEFTAPE;
124 	dumpdates = _PATH_DUMPDATES;
125 	temp = _PATH_DTMP;
126 	strcpy(labelstr, "none");	/* XXX safe strcpy. */
127 	if (TP_BSIZE / DEV_BSIZE == 0 || TP_BSIZE % DEV_BSIZE != 0)
128 		quit("TP_BSIZE must be a multiple of DEV_BSIZE\n");
129 	level = '0';
130 	timestamp = 0;
131 
132 	if (argc < 2)
133 		usage();
134 
135 	obsolete(&argc, &argv);
136 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv,
137 	    "0123456789aB:b:cd:eFf:h:k:l:L:nr:s:StT:uWwx:X")) != -1)
138 		switch (ch) {
139 		/* dump level */
140 		case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
141 		case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
142 			level = ch;
143 			break;
144 
145 		case 'a':		/* `auto-size', Write to EOM. */
146 			unlimited = 1;
147 			break;
148 
149 		case 'B':		/* blocks per output file */
150 			blocksperfile = numarg("blocks per file", 1L, 0L);
151 			break;
152 
153 		case 'b':		/* blocks per tape write */
154 			ntrec = numarg("blocks per write", 1L, 1000L);
155 			bflag = 1;
156 			break;
157 
158 		case 'c':		/* Tape is cart. not 9-track */
159 			cartridge = 1;
160 			break;
161 
162 		case 'd':		/* density, in bits per inch */
163 			density = numarg("density", 10L, 327670L) / 10;
164 			if (density >= 625 && !bflag)
165 				ntrec = HIGHDENSITYTREC;
166 			break;
167 
168 		case 'e':		/* eject full tapes */
169 			eflag = 1;
170 			break;
171 
172 		case 'F':		/* files-to-dump is an fs image */
173 			Fflag = 1;
174 			break;
175 
176 		case 'f':		/* output file */
177 			tape = optarg;
178 			break;
179 
180 		case 'h':
181 			honorlevel = numarg("honor level", 0L, 10L);
182 			break;
183 
184 		case 'k':
185 			readblksize = numarg("read block size", 0, 64) * 1024;
186 			break;
187 
188 		case 'l':		/* autoload after eject full tapes */
189 			eflag = 1;
190 			lflag = numarg("timeout (in seconds)", 1, 0);
191 			break;
192 
193 		case 'L':
194 			/*
195 			 * Note that although there are LBLSIZE characters,
196 			 * the last must be '\0', so the limit on strlen()
197 			 * is really LBLSIZE-1.
198 			 */
199 			if (strlcpy(labelstr, optarg, sizeof(labelstr))
200 			    >= sizeof(labelstr)) {
201 				msg(
202 		"WARNING Label `%s' is larger than limit of %lu characters.\n",
203 				    optarg,
204 				    (unsigned long)sizeof(labelstr) - 1);
205 				msg("WARNING: Using truncated label `%s'.\n",
206 				    labelstr);
207 			}
208 			break;
209 		case 'n':		/* notify operators */
210 			notify = 1;
211 			break;
212 
213 		case 'r':		/* read cache size */
214 			readcache = numarg("read cache size", 0, 512);
215 			break;
216 
217 		case 's':		/* tape size, feet */
218 			tsize = numarg("tape size", 1L, 0L) * 12 * 10;
219 			break;
220 
221 		case 'S':		/* exit after estimating # of tapes */
222 			just_estimate = 1;
223 			break;
224 
225 		case 't':
226 			timestamp = 1;
227 			break;
228 
229 		case 'T':		/* time of last dump */
230 			spcl.c_ddate = unctime(optarg);
231 			if (spcl.c_ddate < 0) {
232 				(void)fprintf(stderr, "bad time \"%s\"\n",
233 				    optarg);
234 				exit(X_STARTUP);
235 			}
236 			Tflag = 1;
237 			lastlevel = '?';
238 			break;
239 
240 		case 'u':		/* update /etc/dumpdates */
241 			uflag = 1;
242 			break;
243 
244 		case 'W':		/* what to do */
245 		case 'w':
246 			lastdump(ch);
247 			exit(X_FINOK);	/* do nothing else */
248 
249 		case 'x':
250 			snap_backup = optarg;
251 			break;
252 
253 		case 'X':
254 			snap_internal = 1;
255 			break;
256 
257 		default:
258 			usage();
259 		}
260 	argc -= optind;
261 	argv += optind;
262 
263 	if (argc < 1) {
264 		(void)fprintf(stderr,
265 		    "Must specify disk or image, or file list\n");
266 		exit(X_STARTUP);
267 	}
268 
269 
270 	/*
271 	 *	determine if disk is a subdirectory, and setup appropriately
272 	 */
273 	getfstab();		/* /etc/fstab snarfed */
274 	disk = NULL;
275 	mountpoint = NULL;
276 	dirc = 0;
277 	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
278 		struct stat sb;
279 
280 		if (lstat(argv[i], &sb) == -1)
281 			quit("Cannot stat %s: %s\n", argv[i], strerror(errno));
282 		if (Fflag || S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode) || S_ISBLK(sb.st_mode)) {
283 			disk = argv[i];
284  multicheck:
285 			if (dirc != 0)
286 				quit(
287 	"Can't dump a disk or image at the same time as a file list\n");
288 			break;
289 		}
290 		if ((dt = fstabsearch(argv[i])) != NULL) {
291 			disk = dt->fs_spec;
292 			mountpoint = xstrdup(dt->fs_file);
293 			goto multicheck;
294 		}
295 		if (statvfs(argv[i], &fsbuf) == -1)
296 			quit("Cannot statvfs %s: %s\n", argv[i],
297 			    strerror(errno));
298 		disk = fsbuf.f_mntfromname;
299 		if (strcmp(argv[i], fsbuf.f_mntonname) == 0)
300 			goto multicheck;
301 		if (mountpoint == NULL) {
302 			mountpoint = xstrdup(fsbuf.f_mntonname);
303 			if (uflag) {
304 				msg("Ignoring u flag for subdir dump\n");
305 				uflag = 0;
306 			}
307 			if (level > '0') {
308 				msg("Subdir dump is done at level 0\n");
309 				level = '0';
310 			}
311 			msg("Dumping sub files/directories from %s\n",
312 			    mountpoint);
313 		} else {
314 			if (strcmp(mountpoint, fsbuf.f_mntonname) != 0)
315 				quit("%s is not on %s\n", argv[i], mountpoint);
316 		}
317 		msg("Dumping file/directory %s\n", argv[i]);
318 		dirc++;
319 	}
320 	if (mountpoint)
321 		free(mountpoint);
322 
323 	if (dirc == 0) {
324 		argv++;
325 		if (argc != 1) {
326 			(void)fprintf(stderr, "Excess arguments to dump:");
327 			while (--argc)
328 				(void)fprintf(stderr, " %s", *argv++);
329 			(void)fprintf(stderr, "\n");
330 			exit(X_STARTUP);
331 		}
332 	}
333 	if (Tflag && uflag) {
334 		(void)fprintf(stderr,
335 		    "You cannot use the T and u flags together.\n");
336 		exit(X_STARTUP);
337 	}
338 	if (strcmp(tape, "-") == 0) {
339 		pipeout++;
340 		tape = "standard output";
341 	}
342 
343 	if (blocksperfile)
344 		blocksperfile = blocksperfile / ntrec * ntrec; /* round down */
345 	else if (!unlimited) {
346 		/*
347 		 * Determine how to default tape size and density
348 		 *
349 		 *		density				tape size
350 		 * 9-track	1600 bpi (160 bytes/.1")	2300 ft.
351 		 * 9-track	6250 bpi (625 bytes/.1")	2300 ft.
352 		 * cartridge	8000 bpi (100 bytes/.1")	1700 ft.
353 		 *						(450*4 - slop)
354 		 */
355 		if (density == 0)
356 			density = cartridge ? 100 : 160;
357 		if (tsize == 0)
358 			tsize = cartridge ? 1700L*120L : 2300L*120L;
359 	}
360 
361 	if ((cp = strchr(tape, ':')) != NULL) {
362 		host = tape;
363 		/* This is fine, because all the const strings don't have : */
364 		*cp++ = '\0';
365 		tape = cp;
366 #ifdef RDUMP
367 		if (rmthost(host) == 0)
368 			exit(X_STARTUP);
369 #else
370 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "remote dump not enabled\n");
371 		exit(X_STARTUP);
372 #endif
373 	}
374 
375 	if (signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
376 		signal(SIGHUP, sig);
377 	if (signal(SIGTRAP, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
378 		signal(SIGTRAP, sig);
379 	if (signal(SIGFPE, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
380 		signal(SIGFPE, sig);
381 	if (signal(SIGBUS, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
382 		signal(SIGBUS, sig);
383 #if 0
384 	if (signal(SIGSEGV, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
385 		signal(SIGSEGV, sig);
386 #endif
387 	if (signal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
388 		signal(SIGTERM, sig);
389 	if (signal(SIGINT, interrupt) == SIG_IGN)
390 		signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
391 
392 	/*
393 	 *	disk can be either the full special file name, or
394 	 *	the file system name.
395 	 */
396 	mountpoint = NULL;
397 	mntinfo = mntinfosearch(disk);
398 	if ((dt = fstabsearch(disk)) != NULL) {
399 		disk = rawname(dt->fs_spec);
400 		mountpoint = dt->fs_file;
401 		msg("Found %s on %s in %s\n", disk, mountpoint, _PATH_FSTAB);
402 	} else if (mntinfo != NULL) {
403 		disk = rawname(mntinfo->f_mntfromname);
404 		mountpoint = mntinfo->f_mntonname;
405 		msg("Found %s on %s in mount table\n", disk, mountpoint);
406 	}
407 	if (mountpoint != NULL) {
408 		if (dirc != 0)
409 			(void)snprintf(spcl.c_filesys, sizeof(spcl.c_filesys),
410 			    "a subset of %s", mountpoint);
411 		else
412 			(void)strlcpy(spcl.c_filesys, mountpoint,
413 			    sizeof(spcl.c_filesys));
414 	} else if (Fflag) {
415 		(void)strlcpy(spcl.c_filesys, "a file system image",
416 		    sizeof(spcl.c_filesys));
417 	} else {
418 		(void)strlcpy(spcl.c_filesys, "an unlisted file system",
419 		    sizeof(spcl.c_filesys));
420 	}
421 	(void)strlcpy(spcl.c_dev, disk, sizeof(spcl.c_dev));
422 	(void)strlcpy(spcl.c_label, labelstr, sizeof(spcl.c_label));
423 	(void)gethostname(spcl.c_host, sizeof(spcl.c_host));
424 	spcl.c_host[sizeof(spcl.c_host) - 1] = '\0';
425 
426 	if ((snap_backup != NULL || snap_internal) && mntinfo == NULL) {
427 		msg("WARNING: Cannot use -x or -X on unmounted file system.\n");
428 		snap_backup = NULL;
429 		snap_internal = 0;
430 	}
431 	if (snap_backup != NULL || snap_internal) {
432 		diskfd = snap_open(mntinfo->f_mntonname, snap_backup, &tnow);
433 		if (diskfd < 0) {
434 			msg("Cannot open snapshot of %s\n",
435 				mntinfo->f_mntonname);
436 			exit(X_STARTUP);
437 		}
438 		spcl.c_date = tnow;
439 	} else {
440 		if ((diskfd = open(disk, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
441 			msg("Cannot open %s\n", disk);
442 			exit(X_STARTUP);
443 		}
444 	}
445 	sync();
446 
447 	needswap = fs_read_sblock(sblock_buf);
448 
449 	spcl.c_level = iswap32(level - '0');
450 	spcl.c_type = iswap32(TS_TAPE);
451 	spcl.c_date = iswap32(spcl.c_date);
452 	spcl.c_ddate = iswap32(spcl.c_ddate);
453 	if (!Tflag)
454 		getdumptime();		/* /etc/dumpdates snarfed */
455 
456 	date = iswap32(spcl.c_date);
457 	msg("Date of this level %c dump: %s", level,
458 		spcl.c_date == 0 ? "the epoch\n" : ctime(&date));
459 	date = iswap32(spcl.c_ddate);
460  	msg("Date of last level %c dump: %s", lastlevel,
461 		spcl.c_ddate == 0 ? "the epoch\n" : ctime(&date));
462 	msg("Dumping ");
463 	if (snap_backup != NULL)
464 		msgtail("a snapshot of ");
465 	if (dirc != 0)
466 		msgtail("a subset of ");
467 	msgtail("%s (%s) ", disk, spcl.c_filesys);
468 	if (host)
469 		msgtail("to %s on host %s\n", tape, host);
470 	else
471 		msgtail("to %s\n", tape);
472 	msg("Label: %s\n", labelstr);
473 
474 	ufsib = fs_parametrize();
475 
476 	dev_bshift = ffs(dev_bsize) - 1;
477 	if (dev_bsize != (1 << dev_bshift))
478 		quit("dev_bsize (%ld) is not a power of 2", dev_bsize);
479 	tp_bshift = ffs(TP_BSIZE) - 1;
480 	if (TP_BSIZE != (1 << tp_bshift))
481 		quit("TP_BSIZE (%d) is not a power of 2", TP_BSIZE);
482 	maxino = fs_maxino();
483 	mapsize = roundup(howmany(maxino, NBBY), TP_BSIZE);
484 	usedinomap = (char *)xcalloc((unsigned) mapsize, sizeof(char));
485 	dumpdirmap = (char *)xcalloc((unsigned) mapsize, sizeof(char));
486 	dumpinomap = (char *)xcalloc((unsigned) mapsize, sizeof(char));
487 	tapesize = 3 * (howmany(mapsize * sizeof(char), TP_BSIZE) + 1);
488 
489 	nonodump = iswap32(spcl.c_level) < honorlevel;
490 
491 	initcache(readcache, readblksize);
492 
493 	(void)signal(SIGINFO, statussig);
494 
495 	msg("mapping (Pass I) [regular files]\n");
496 	anydirskipped = mapfiles(maxino, &tapesize, mountpoint,
497 	    (dirc ? argv : NULL));
498 
499 	msg("mapping (Pass II) [directories]\n");
500 	while (anydirskipped) {
501 		anydirskipped = mapdirs(maxino, &tapesize);
502 	}
503 
504 	if (pipeout || unlimited) {
505 		tapesize += 10;	/* 10 trailer blocks */
506 		msg("estimated %llu tape blocks.\n",
507 		    (unsigned long long)tapesize);
508 	} else {
509 		double fetapes;
510 
511 		if (blocksperfile)
512 			fetapes = (double) tapesize / blocksperfile;
513 		else if (cartridge) {
514 			/* Estimate number of tapes, assuming streaming stops at
515 			   the end of each block written, and not in mid-block.
516 			   Assume no erroneous blocks; this can be compensated
517 			   for with an artificially low tape size. */
518 			fetapes =
519 			(	  (double) tapesize	/* blocks */
520 				* TP_BSIZE	/* bytes/block */
521 				* (1.0/density)	/* 0.1" / byte */
522 			  +
523 				  (double) tapesize	/* blocks */
524 				* (1.0/ntrec)	/* streaming-stops per block */
525 				* 15.48		/* 0.1" / streaming-stop */
526 			) * (1.0 / tsize );	/* tape / 0.1" */
527 		} else {
528 			/* Estimate number of tapes, for old fashioned 9-track
529 			   tape */
530 			int tenthsperirg = (density == 625) ? 3 : 7;
531 			fetapes =
532 			(	  tapesize	/* blocks */
533 				* TP_BSIZE	/* bytes / block */
534 				* (1.0/density)	/* 0.1" / byte */
535 			  +
536 				  tapesize	/* blocks */
537 				* (1.0/ntrec)	/* IRG's / block */
538 				* tenthsperirg	/* 0.1" / IRG */
539 			) * (1.0 / tsize );	/* tape / 0.1" */
540 		}
541 		etapes = fetapes;		/* truncating assignment */
542 		etapes++;
543 		/* count the dumped inodes map on each additional tape */
544 		tapesize += (etapes - 1) *
545 			(howmany(mapsize * sizeof(char), TP_BSIZE) + 1);
546 		tapesize += etapes + 10;	/* headers + 10 trailer blks */
547 		msg("estimated %llu tape blocks on %3.2f tape(s).\n",
548 		    (unsigned long long)tapesize, fetapes);
549 	}
550 	/*
551 	 * If the user only wants an estimate of the number of
552 	 * tapes, exit now.
553 	 */
554 	if (just_estimate)
555 		exit(X_FINOK);
556 
557 	/*
558 	 * Allocate tape buffer.
559 	 */
560 	if (!alloctape())
561 		quit("can't allocate tape buffers - try a smaller blocking factor.\n");
562 
563 	startnewtape(1);
564 	(void)time((time_t *)&(tstart_writing));
565 	xferrate = 0;
566 	dumpmap(usedinomap, TS_CLRI, maxino - 1);
567 
568 	msg("dumping (Pass III) [directories]\n");
569 	dirty = 0;		/* XXX just to get gcc to shut up */
570 	for (map = dumpdirmap, ino = 1; ino < maxino; ino++) {
571 		if (((ino - 1) % NBBY) == 0)	/* map is offset by 1 */
572 			dirty = *map++;
573 		else
574 			dirty >>= 1;
575 		if ((dirty & 1) == 0)
576 			continue;
577 		/*
578 		 * Skip directory inodes deleted and maybe reallocated
579 		 */
580 		dp = getino(ino);
581 		if ((DIP(dp, mode) & IFMT) != IFDIR)
582 			continue;
583 		(void)dumpino(dp, ino);
584 	}
585 
586 	msg("dumping (Pass IV) [regular files]\n");
587 	for (map = dumpinomap, ino = 1; ino < maxino; ino++) {
588 		int mode;
589 
590 		if (((ino - 1) % NBBY) == 0)	/* map is offset by 1 */
591 			dirty = *map++;
592 		else
593 			dirty >>= 1;
594 		if ((dirty & 1) == 0)
595 			continue;
596 		/*
597 		 * Skip inodes deleted and reallocated as directories.
598 		 */
599 		dp = getino(ino);
600 		mode = DIP(dp, mode) & IFMT;
601 		if (mode == IFDIR)
602 			continue;
603 		(void)dumpino(dp, ino);
604 	}
605 
606 	spcl.c_type = iswap32(TS_END);
607 	for (i = 0; i < ntrec; i++)
608 		writeheader(maxino - 1);
609 	if (pipeout)
610 		msg("%d tape blocks\n",iswap32(spcl.c_tapea));
611 	else
612 		msg("%d tape blocks on %d volume%s\n",
613 		    iswap32(spcl.c_tapea), iswap32(spcl.c_volume),
614 		    (iswap32(spcl.c_volume) == 1) ? "" : "s");
615 	tnow = do_stats();
616 	date = iswap32(spcl.c_date);
617 	msg("Date of this level %c dump: %s", level,
618 		spcl.c_date == 0 ? "the epoch\n" : ctime(&date));
619 	msg("Date this dump completed:  %s", ctime(&tnow));
620 	msg("Average transfer rate: %d KB/s\n", xferrate / tapeno);
621 	putdumptime();
622 	trewind(0);
623 	broadcast("DUMP IS DONE!\a\a\n");
624 	msg("DUMP IS DONE\n");
625 	Exit(X_FINOK);
626 	/* NOTREACHED */
627 	exit(X_FINOK);		/* XXX: to satisfy gcc */
628 }
629 
630 static void
631 usage(void)
632 {
633 	const char *prog = getprogname();
634 
635 	(void)fprintf(stderr,
636 "usage: %s [-0123456789aceFnStuX] [-B records] [-b blocksize]\n"
637 "            [-d density] [-f file] [-h level] [-k read-blocksize]\n"
638 "            [-L label] [-l timeout] [-r read-cache] [-s feet]\n"
639 "            [-T date] [-x snap-backup] files-to-dump\n"
640 "       %s [-W | -w]\n", prog, prog);
641 	exit(X_STARTUP);
642 }
643 
644 /*
645  * Pick up a numeric argument.  It must be nonnegative and in the given
646  * range (except that a vmax of 0 means unlimited).
647  */
648 static long
649 numarg(const char *meaning, long vmin, long vmax)
650 {
651 	char *p;
652 	long val;
653 
654 	val = strtol(optarg, &p, 10);
655 	if (*p)
656 		errx(X_STARTUP, "illegal %s -- %s", meaning, optarg);
657 	if (val < vmin || (vmax && val > vmax))
658 		errx(X_STARTUP, "%s must be between %ld and %ld",
659 		    meaning, vmin, vmax);
660 	return (val);
661 }
662 
663 void
664 sig(int signo)
665 {
666 
667 	switch(signo) {
668 	case SIGALRM:
669 	case SIGBUS:
670 	case SIGFPE:
671 	case SIGHUP:
672 	case SIGTERM:
673 	case SIGTRAP:
674 		if (pipeout)
675 			quit("Signal on pipe: cannot recover\n");
676 		msg("Rewriting attempted as response to signal %s.\n", sys_siglist[signo]);
677 		(void)fflush(stderr);
678 		(void)fflush(stdout);
679 		close_rewind();
680 		exit(X_REWRITE);
681 		/* NOTREACHED */
682 	case SIGSEGV:
683 		msg("SIGSEGV: ABORTING!\n");
684 		(void)signal(SIGSEGV, SIG_DFL);
685 		(void)kill(0, SIGSEGV);
686 		/* NOTREACHED */
687 	}
688 }
689 
690 char *
691 rawname(char *cp)
692 {
693 	static char rawbuf[MAXPATHLEN];
694 	char *dp = strrchr(cp, '/');
695 
696 	if (dp == NULL)
697 		return (NULL);
698 	*dp = '\0';
699 	(void)snprintf(rawbuf, sizeof rawbuf, "%s/r%s", cp, dp + 1);
700 	*dp = '/';
701 	return (rawbuf);
702 }
703 
704 /*
705  * obsolete --
706  *	Change set of key letters and ordered arguments into something
707  *	getopt(3) will like.
708  */
709 static void
710 obsolete(int *argcp, char **argvp[])
711 {
712 	int argc, flags;
713 	char *ap, **argv, *flagsp, **nargv, *p;
714 
715 	/* Setup. */
716 	argv = *argvp;
717 	argc = *argcp;
718 
719 	/* Return if no arguments or first argument has leading dash. */
720 	ap = argv[1];
721 	if (argc == 1 || *ap == '-')
722 		return;
723 
724 	/* Allocate space for new arguments. */
725 	*argvp = nargv = xmalloc((argc + 1) * sizeof(char *));
726 	p = flagsp = xmalloc(strlen(ap) + 2);
727 
728 	*nargv++ = *argv;
729 	argv += 2;
730 
731 	for (flags = 0; *ap; ++ap) {
732 		switch (*ap) {
733 		case 'B':
734 		case 'b':
735 		case 'd':
736 		case 'f':
737 		case 'h':
738 		case 's':
739 		case 'T':
740 		case 'x':
741 			if (*argv == NULL) {
742 				warnx("option requires an argument -- %c", *ap);
743 				usage();
744 			}
745 			nargv[0] = xmalloc(strlen(*argv) + 2 + 1);
746 			nargv[0][0] = '-';
747 			nargv[0][1] = *ap;
748 			(void)strcpy(&nargv[0][2], *argv); /* XXX safe strcpy */
749 			++argv;
750 			++nargv;
751 			break;
752 		default:
753 			if (!flags) {
754 				*p++ = '-';
755 				flags = 1;
756 			}
757 			*p++ = *ap;
758 			break;
759 		}
760 	}
761 
762 	/* Terminate flags. */
763 	if (flags) {
764 		*p = '\0';
765 		*nargv++ = flagsp;
766 	}
767 
768 	/* Copy remaining arguments. */
769 	while ((*nargv++ = *argv++) != NULL)
770 		;
771 
772 	/* Update argument count. */
773 	*argcp = nargv - *argvp - 1;
774 }
775 
776 
777 void *
778 xcalloc(size_t number, size_t size)
779 {
780 	void *p;
781 
782 	p = calloc(number, size);
783 	if (p == NULL)
784 		quit("%s\n", strerror(errno));
785 	return (p);
786 }
787 
788 void *
789 xmalloc(size_t size)
790 {
791 	void *p;
792 
793 	p = malloc(size);
794 	if (p == NULL)
795 		quit("%s\n", strerror(errno));
796 	return (p);
797 }
798 
799 char *
800 xstrdup(const char *str)
801 {
802 	char *p;
803 
804 	p = strdup(str);
805 	if (p == NULL)
806 		quit("%s\n", strerror(errno));
807 	return (p);
808 }
809