xref: /netbsd-src/sbin/disklabel/main.c (revision ba65fde2d7fefa7d39838fa5fa855e62bd606b5e)
1 /*	$NetBSD: main.c,v 1.28 2013/01/17 18:33:58 christos Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 2006 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Julio M. Merino Vidal.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
20  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
21  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
22  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
23  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
24  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
25  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
26  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
27  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
28  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
29  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 /*
33  * Copyright (c) 1987, 1993
34  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
35  *
36  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
37  * Symmetric Computer Systems.
38  *
39  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
40  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
41  * are met:
42  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
43  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
44  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
45  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
46  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
47  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
48  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
49  *    without specific prior written permission.
50  *
51  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
52  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
53  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
54  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
55  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
56  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
57  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
58  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
59  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
60  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
61  * SUCH DAMAGE.
62  */
63 
64 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
65 #include "nbtool_config.h"
66 #endif
67 
68 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
69 #ifndef lint
70 __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1987, 1993\
71  The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.");
72 #endif	/* not lint */
73 
74 #ifndef lint
75 #if 0
76 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)disklabel.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 5/4/95";
77 /* from static char sccsid[] = "@(#)disklabel.c	1.2 (Symmetric) 11/28/85"; */
78 #else
79 __RCSID("$NetBSD: main.c,v 1.28 2013/01/17 18:33:58 christos Exp $");
80 #endif
81 #endif	/* not lint */
82 
83 #include <sys/param.h>
84 #include <sys/file.h>
85 #include <sys/stat.h>
86 #include <sys/wait.h>
87 #define DKTYPENAMES
88 #define FSTYPENAMES
89 
90 #include <ctype.h>
91 #include <err.h>
92 #include <errno.h>
93 #include <signal.h>
94 #include <string.h>
95 #include <stdio.h>
96 #include <stdlib.h>
97 #include <limits.h>
98 #include <unistd.h>
99 
100 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
101 #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
102 
103 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
104 #include <nbinclude/sys/disklabel.h>
105 #include <nbinclude/sys/disklabel_acorn.h>
106 #include <nbinclude/sys/bootblock.h>
107 #include "../../include/disktab.h"
108 #else
109 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
110 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
111 #include <sys/disklabel_acorn.h>
112 #include <sys/bootblock.h>
113 #include <util.h>
114 #include <disktab.h>
115 #endif /* HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H */
116 
117 #include "pathnames.h"
118 #include "extern.h"
119 #include "dkcksum.h"
120 #include "bswap.h"
121 
122 /*
123  * Disklabel: read and write disklabels.
124  * The label is usually placed on one of the first sectors of the disk.
125  * Many machines also place a bootstrap in the same area,
126  * in which case the label is embedded in the bootstrap.
127  * The bootstrap source must leave space at the proper offset
128  * for the label on such machines.
129  */
130 
131 #ifndef BBSIZE
132 #define	BBSIZE	8192			/* size of boot area, with label */
133 #endif
134 
135 #define DISKMAGIC_REV		bswap32(DISKMAGIC)
136 /* To delete a label, we just invert the magic numbers */
137 #define DISKMAGIC_DELETED	(~DISKMAGIC)
138 #define DISKMAGIC_DELETED_REV	bswap32(~DISKMAGIC)
139 
140 #define	DEFEDITOR	_PATH_VI
141 
142 char	specname[MAXPATHLEN];
143 
144 /* Some global data, all too hard to pass about */
145 char bootarea[BBSIZE];			/* Buffer matching part of disk */
146 int bootarea_len;			/* Number of bytes we actually read */
147 static struct	disklabel lab;		/* The label we have updated */
148 
149 static	int	Aflag;		/* Action all labels */
150 static	int	Fflag;		/* Read/write from file */
151 static	int	rflag;		/* Read/write direct from disk */
152 static	int	tflag;		/* Format output as disktab */
153 	int	Cflag;		/* CHS format output */
154 static	int	Dflag;		/* Delete old labels (use with write) */
155 static	int	Iflag;		/* Read/write direct, but default if absent */
156 static	int	lflag;		/* List all known file system types and exit */
157 static	int	mflag;		/* Expect disk to contain an MBR */
158 static int verbose;
159 static int read_all;		/* set if op = READ && Aflag */
160 
161 static int write_label(int);
162 static int readlabel_direct(int);
163 static void writelabel_direct(int);
164 static int update_label(int, u_int, u_int);
165 static struct disklabel *find_label(int, u_int);
166 
167 static void		 makedisktab(FILE *, struct disklabel *);
168 static void		 makelabel(const char *, const char *);
169 static void		 l_perror(const char *);
170 static void		 readlabel(int);
171 static int		 edit(int);
172 static int		 editit(const char *);
173 static char		*skip(char *);
174 static char		*word(char *);
175 static int		 getasciilabel(FILE *, struct disklabel *);
176 __dead static void	 usage(void);
177 static int		 qsort_strcmp(const void *, const void *);
178 static int		 getulong(const char *, char, char **,
179     unsigned long *, unsigned long);
180 #define GETNUM32(a, v)	getulong(a, '\0', NULL, v, UINT32_MAX)
181 #define GETNUM16(a, v)	getulong(a, '\0', NULL, v, UINT16_MAX)
182 #define GETNUM8(a, v)	getulong(a, '\0', NULL, v, UINT8_MAX)
183 
184 static int set_writable_fd = -1;
185 
186 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
187 #define GETLABELOFFSET()	LABELOFFSET
188 #define GETLABELSECTOR()	LABELSECTOR
189 #define GETLABELUSESMBR()	LABELUSESMBR
190 #else /* HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H */
191 #define GETLABELOFFSET()	getlabeloffset()
192 #define GETLABELSECTOR()	getlabelsector()
193 #define GETLABELUSESMBR()	getlabelusesmbr()
194 #endif
195 
196 /* Default location for label - only used if we don't find one to update */
197 #define LABEL_OFFSET (dklabel_getlabelsector() * DEV_BSIZE + dklabel_getlabeloffset())
198 
199 /*
200  * For portability it doesn't make sense to use any other value....
201  * Except, maybe, the size of a physical sector.
202  * This value is used if we have to write a label to the start of an mbr ptn.
203  */
204 #ifndef	LABELOFFSET_MBR
205 #define	LABELOFFSET_MBR	512
206 #endif
207 
208 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
209 static int
210 opendisk(const char *path, int flags, char *buf, int buflen, int cooked)
211 {
212 	int f;
213 	f = open(path, flags, 0);
214 	strlcpy(buf, path, buflen);
215 	return f;
216 }
217 #endif /* HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H */
218 
219 static daddr_t
220 dklabel_getlabelsector(void)
221 {
222 	unsigned long int nval;
223 	char *end;
224 	const char *val;
225 
226 	if ((val = getenv("DISKLABELSECTOR")) == NULL)
227 		return GETLABELSECTOR();
228 	if ((nval = strtoul(val, &end, 10)) == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)
229 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "DISKLABELSECTOR in environment");
230 	return nval;
231 }
232 
233 static off_t
234 dklabel_getlabeloffset(void)
235 {
236 	unsigned long int nval;
237 	char *end;
238 	const char *val;
239 
240 	if ((val = getenv("DISKLABELOFFSET")) == NULL)
241 		return GETLABELOFFSET();
242 	if ((nval = strtoul(val, &end, 10)) == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)
243 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "DISKLABELOFFSET in environment");
244 	return nval;
245 }
246 
247 static void
248 clear_writable(void)
249 {
250 	static int zero = 0;
251 	dk_ioctl(set_writable_fd, DIOCWLABEL, &zero);
252 }
253 
254 int
255 main(int argc, char *argv[])
256 {
257 	FILE	*t;
258 	int	 ch, f, error;
259 	char	*dkname;
260 	struct stat sb;
261 	int	 writable;
262 	enum {
263 		UNSPEC, EDIT, READ, RESTORE, SETWRITABLE, SETREADONLY,
264 		WRITE, INTERACT, DELETE
265 	} op = UNSPEC, old_op;
266 
267 	mflag = GETLABELUSESMBR();
268 	if (mflag < 0) {
269 		warn("getlabelusesmbr() failed");
270 		mflag = LABELUSESMBR;
271 	}
272 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
273 	/* We must avoid doing any ioctl requests */
274 	Fflag = rflag = 1;
275 #endif
276 
277 	error = 0;
278 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "ACDFINRWef:ilmrtvw")) != -1) {
279 		old_op = op;
280 		switch (ch) {
281 		case 'A':	/* Action all labels */
282 			Aflag = 1;
283 			rflag = 1;
284 			break;
285 		case 'C':	/* Display in CHS format */
286 			Cflag = 1;
287 			break;
288 		case 'D':	/* Delete all existing labels */
289 			Dflag = 1;
290 			rflag = 1;
291 			break;
292 		case 'F':	/* Treat 'disk' as a regular file */
293 			Fflag = 1;
294 			rflag = 1;	/* Force direct access */
295 			break;
296 		case 'I':	/* Use default label if none found */
297 			Iflag = 1;
298 			rflag = 1;	/* Implies direct access */
299 			break;
300 		case 'R':	/* Restore label from text file */
301 			op = RESTORE;
302 			break;
303 		case 'N':	/* Disallow writes to label sector */
304 			op = SETREADONLY;
305 			break;
306 		case 'W':	/* Allow writes to label sector */
307 			op = SETWRITABLE;
308 			break;
309 		case 'e':	/* Edit label with $EDITOR */
310 			op = EDIT;
311 			break;
312 		case 'f':	/* Name of disktab file */
313 			if (setdisktab(optarg) == -1)
314 				usage();
315 			break;
316 		case 'i':	/* Edit using built-in editor */
317 			op = INTERACT;
318 			break;
319 		case 'l':	/* List all known file system types and exit */
320 			lflag = 1;
321 			break;
322 		case 'm':	/* Expect disk to have an MBR */
323 			mflag ^= 1;
324 			break;
325 		case 'r':	/* Read/write label directly from disk */
326 			rflag = 1;
327 			break;
328 		case 't':	/* Format output as a disktab entry */
329 			tflag = 1;
330 			break;
331 		case 'v':	/* verbose/diag output */
332 			verbose++;
333 			break;
334 		case 'w':	/* Write label based on disktab entry */
335 			op = WRITE;
336 			break;
337 		case '?':
338 		default:
339 			usage();
340 		}
341 		if (old_op != UNSPEC && old_op != op)
342 			usage();
343 	}
344 	argc -= optind;
345 	argv += optind;
346 
347 	if (lflag)
348 		exit(list_fs_types() ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE);
349 
350 	if (op == UNSPEC)
351 		op = Dflag ? DELETE : READ;
352 
353 	if (argc < 1)
354 		usage();
355 
356 	if (Iflag && op != EDIT && op != INTERACT)
357 		usage();
358 
359 	dkname = argv[0];
360 	f = opendisk(dkname, op == READ ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR,
361 		    specname, sizeof specname, 0);
362 	if (f < 0)
363 		err(4, "%s", specname);
364 
365 	if (!Fflag && fstat(f, &sb) == 0 && S_ISREG(sb.st_mode))
366 		Fflag = rflag = 1;
367 
368 	switch (op) {
369 
370 	case DELETE:	/* Remove all existing labels */
371 		if (argc != 1)
372 			usage();
373 		Dflag = 2;
374 		writelabel_direct(f);
375 		break;
376 
377 	case EDIT:
378 		if (argc != 1)
379 			usage();
380 		readlabel(f);
381 		error = edit(f);
382 		break;
383 
384 	case INTERACT:
385 		if (argc != 1)
386 			usage();
387 		readlabel(f);
388 		/*
389 		 * XXX: Fill some default values so checklabel does not fail
390 		 */
391 		if (lab.d_bbsize == 0)
392 			lab.d_bbsize = BBSIZE;
393 		if (lab.d_sbsize == 0)
394 			lab.d_sbsize = SBLOCKSIZE;
395 		interact(&lab, f);
396 		break;
397 
398 	case READ:
399 		if (argc != 1)
400 			usage();
401 		read_all = Aflag;
402 		readlabel(f);
403 		if (read_all)
404 			/* Label got printed in the bowels of readlabel */
405 			break;
406 		if (tflag)
407 			makedisktab(stdout, &lab);
408 		else {
409 			showinfo(stdout, &lab, specname);
410 			showpartitions(stdout, &lab, Cflag);
411 		}
412 		error = checklabel(&lab);
413 		if (error)
414 			error += 100;
415 		break;
416 
417 	case RESTORE:
418 		if (argc != 2)
419 			usage();
420 		if (!(t = fopen(argv[1], "r")))
421 			err(4, "%s", argv[1]);
422 		if (getasciilabel(t, &lab))
423 			error = write_label(f);
424 		else
425 			error = 1;
426 		break;
427 
428 	case SETREADONLY:
429 		writable = 0;
430 		goto do_diocwlabel;
431 	case SETWRITABLE:
432 		writable = 1;
433 	    do_diocwlabel:
434 		if (argc != 1)
435 			usage();
436 		if (dk_ioctl(f, DIOCWLABEL, &writable) < 0)
437 			err(4, "ioctl DIOCWLABEL");
438 		break;
439 
440 	case WRITE:	/* Create label from /etc/disktab entry & write */
441 		if (argc < 2 || argc > 3)
442 			usage();
443 		makelabel(argv[1], argv[2]);
444 		if (checklabel(&lab) == 0)
445 			error = write_label(f);
446 		else
447 			error = 1;
448 		break;
449 
450 	case UNSPEC:
451 		usage();
452 
453 	}
454 	exit(error);
455 }
456 
457 /*
458  * Construct a prototype disklabel from /etc/disktab.
459  */
460 static void
461 makelabel(const char *type, const char *name)
462 {
463 	struct disklabel *dp;
464 
465 	dp = getdiskbyname(type);
466 	if (dp == NULL)
467 		errx(1, "unknown disk type: %s", type);
468 	lab = *dp;
469 
470 	/* d_packname is union d_boot[01], so zero */
471 	(void)memset(lab.d_packname, 0, sizeof(lab.d_packname));
472 	if (name)
473 		(void)strncpy(lab.d_packname, name, sizeof(lab.d_packname));
474 }
475 
476 static int
477 write_label(int f)
478 {
479 	int writable;
480 
481 	lab.d_magic = DISKMAGIC;
482 	lab.d_magic2 = DISKMAGIC;
483 	lab.d_checksum = 0;
484 	lab.d_checksum = dkcksum(&lab);
485 
486 	if (rflag) {
487 		/* Write the label directly to the disk */
488 
489 		/*
490 		 * First set the kernel disk label,
491 		 * then write a label to the raw disk.
492 		 * If the SDINFO ioctl fails because it is unimplemented,
493 		 * keep going; otherwise, the kernel consistency checks
494 		 * may prevent us from changing the current (in-core)
495 		 * label.
496 		 */
497 		if (!Fflag && dk_ioctl(f, DIOCSDINFO, &lab) < 0 &&
498 		    errno != ENODEV && errno != ENOTTY) {
499 			l_perror("ioctl DIOCSDINFO");
500 			return (1);
501 		}
502 		/*
503 		 * write enable label sector before write (if necessary),
504 		 * disable after writing.
505 		 */
506 		writable = 1;
507 		if (!Fflag) {
508 			if (dk_ioctl(f, DIOCWLABEL, &writable) < 0)
509 				perror("ioctl DIOCWLABEL");
510 			set_writable_fd = f;
511 			atexit(clear_writable);
512 		}
513 
514 		writelabel_direct(f);
515 
516 		/*
517 		 * Now issue a DIOCWDINFO. This will let the kernel convert the
518 		 * disklabel to some machdep format if needed.
519 		 */
520 		/* XXX: This is stupid! */
521 		if (!Fflag && dk_ioctl(f, DIOCWDINFO, &lab) < 0) {
522 			l_perror("ioctl DIOCWDINFO");
523 			return (1);
524 		}
525 	} else {
526 		/* Get the kernel to write the label */
527 		if (dk_ioctl(f, DIOCWDINFO, &lab) < 0) {
528 			l_perror("ioctl DIOCWDINFO");
529 			return (1);
530 		}
531 	}
532 
533 #ifdef VAX_ALTLABELS
534 	if (lab.d_type == DTYPE_SMD && lab.d_flags & D_BADSECT &&
535 	    lab.d_secsize == 512) {
536 		/* Write the label to the odd sectors of the last track! */
537 		daddr_t	alt;
538 		int	i;
539 		uint8_t sec0[512];
540 
541 		if (pread(f, sec0, 512, 0) < 512) {
542 			warn("read master label to write alternates");
543 			return 0;
544 		}
545 
546 		alt = lab.d_ncylinders * lab.d_secpercyl - lab.d_nsectors;
547 		for (i = 1; i < 11 && (uint32_t)i < lab.d_nsectors; i += 2) {
548 			if (pwrite(f, sec0, 512, (off_t)(alt + i) * 512) < 512)
549 				warn("alternate label %d write", i/2);
550 		}
551 	}
552 #endif	/* VAX_ALTLABELS */
553 
554 	return 0;
555 }
556 
557 int
558 writelabel(int f, struct disklabel *lp)
559 {
560 	if (lp != &lab)
561 		lab = *lp;
562 	return write_label(f);
563 }
564 
565 static void
566 l_perror(const char *s)
567 {
568 
569 	switch (errno) {
570 
571 	case ESRCH:
572 		warnx("%s: No disk label on disk;\n"
573 		    "use \"disklabel -I\" to install initial label", s);
574 		break;
575 
576 	case EINVAL:
577 		warnx("%s: Label magic number or checksum is wrong!\n"
578 		    "(disklabel or kernel is out of date?)", s);
579 		break;
580 
581 	case EBUSY:
582 		warnx("%s: Open partition would move or shrink", s);
583 		break;
584 
585 	case EXDEV:
586 		warnx("%s: Labeled partition or 'a' partition must start"
587 		      " at beginning of disk", s);
588 		break;
589 
590 	default:
591 		warn("%s", s);
592 		break;
593 	}
594 }
595 
596 #ifdef NO_MBR_SUPPORT
597 #define process_mbr(f, action) 1
598 #else
599 /*
600  * Scan DOS/MBR partition table and extended partition list for NetBSD ptns.
601  */
602 static int
603 process_mbr(int f, int (*action)(int, u_int))
604 {
605 	struct mbr_partition *dp;
606 	struct mbr_sector mbr;
607 	int rval = 1, res;
608 	int part;
609 	u_int ext_base, next_ext, this_ext, start;
610 
611 	ext_base = 0;
612 	next_ext = 0;
613 	for (;;) {
614 		this_ext = next_ext;
615 		next_ext = 0;
616 		if (verbose > 1)
617 			warnx("reading mbr sector %u", this_ext);
618 		if (pread(f, &mbr, sizeof mbr, this_ext * (off_t)DEV_BSIZE)
619 		    != sizeof(mbr)) {
620 			if (verbose)
621 				warn("Can't read master boot record %u",
622 				    this_ext);
623 			break;
624 		}
625 
626 		/* Check if table is valid. */
627 		if (mbr.mbr_magic != htole16(MBR_MAGIC)) {
628 			if (verbose)
629 				warnx("Invalid signature in mbr record %u",
630 				    this_ext);
631 			break;
632 		}
633 
634 		dp = &mbr.mbr_parts[0];
635 
636 		/* Find NetBSD partition(s). */
637 		for (part = 0; part < MBR_PART_COUNT; dp++, part++) {
638 			start = le32toh(dp->mbrp_start);
639 			switch (dp->mbrp_type) {
640 #ifdef COMPAT_386BSD_MBRPART
641 			case MBR_PTYPE_386BSD:
642 				if (ext_base != 0)
643 					break;
644 				/* FALLTHROUGH */
645 #endif
646 			case MBR_PTYPE_NETBSD:
647 				res = action(f, this_ext + start);
648 				if (res <= 0)
649 					/* Found or failure */
650 					return res;
651 				if (res > rval)
652 					/* Keep largest value */
653 					rval = res;
654 				break;
655 			case MBR_PTYPE_EXT:
656 			case MBR_PTYPE_EXT_LBA:
657 			case MBR_PTYPE_EXT_LNX:
658 				next_ext = start;
659 				break;
660 			default:
661 				break;
662 			}
663 		}
664 		if (next_ext == 0)
665 			/* No more extended partitions */
666 			break;
667 		next_ext += ext_base;
668 		if (ext_base == 0)
669 			ext_base = next_ext;
670 
671 		if (next_ext <= this_ext) {
672 			if (verbose)
673 				warnx("Invalid extended chain %x <= %x",
674 					next_ext, this_ext);
675 			break;
676 		}
677 		/* Maybe we should check against the disk size... */
678 	}
679 
680 	return rval;
681 }
682 
683 static int
684 readlabel_mbr(int f, u_int sector)
685 {
686 	struct disklabel *disk_lp;
687 
688 	disk_lp = find_label(f, sector);
689 	if (disk_lp == NULL)
690 		return 1;
691 	targettohlabel(&lab, disk_lp);
692 	return 0;
693 }
694 
695 static int
696 writelabel_mbr(int f, u_int sector)
697 {
698 	return update_label(f, sector, mflag ? LABELOFFSET_MBR : ~0U) ? 2 : 0;
699 }
700 
701 #endif	/* !NO_MBR_SUPPORT */
702 
703 #ifndef USE_ACORN
704 #define get_filecore_partition(f) 0
705 #else
706 /*
707  * static int filecore_checksum(u_char *bootblock)
708  *
709  * Calculates the filecore boot block checksum. This is used to validate
710  * a filecore boot block on the disk.  If a boot block is validated then
711  * it is used to locate the partition table. If the boot block is not
712  * validated, it is assumed that the whole disk is NetBSD.
713  *
714  * The basic algorithm is:
715  *
716  *	for (each byte in block, excluding checksum) {
717  *		sum += byte;
718  *		if (sum > 255)
719  *			sum -= 255;
720  *	}
721  *
722  * That's equivalent to summing all of the bytes in the block
723  * (excluding the checksum byte, of course), then calculating the
724  * checksum as "cksum = sum - ((sum - 1) / 255) * 255)".  That
725  * expression may or may not yield a faster checksum function,
726  * but it's easier to reason about.
727  *
728  * Note that if you have a block filled with bytes of a single
729  * value "X" (regardless of that value!) and calculate the cksum
730  * of the block (excluding the checksum byte), you will _always_
731  * end up with a checksum of X.  (Do the math; that can be derived
732  * from the checksum calculation function!)  That means that
733  * blocks which contain bytes which all have the same value will
734  * always checksum properly.  That's a _very_ unlikely occurence
735  * (probably impossible, actually) for a valid filecore boot block,
736  * so we treat such blocks as invalid.
737  */
738 static int
739 filecore_checksum(u_char *bootblock)
740 {
741 	u_char	byte0, accum_diff;
742 	u_int	sum;
743 	int	i;
744 
745 	sum = 0;
746 	accum_diff = 0;
747 	byte0 = bootblock[0];
748 
749 	/*
750 	 * Sum the contents of the block, keeping track of whether
751 	 * or not all bytes are the same.  If 'accum_diff' ends up
752 	 * being zero, all of the bytes are, in fact, the same.
753 	 */
754 	for (i = 0; i < 511; ++i) {
755 		sum += bootblock[i];
756 		accum_diff |= bootblock[i] ^ byte0;
757 	}
758 
759 	/*
760 	 * Check to see if the checksum byte is the same as the
761 	 * rest of the bytes, too.  (Note that if all of the bytes
762 	 * are the same except the checksum, a checksum compare
763 	 * won't succeed, but that's not our problem.)
764 	 */
765 	accum_diff |= bootblock[i] ^ byte0;
766 
767 	/* All bytes in block are the same; call it invalid. */
768 	if (accum_diff == 0)
769 		return (-1);
770 
771 	return (sum - ((sum - 1) / 255) * 255);
772 }
773 
774 /*
775  * Check for the presence of a RiscOS filecore boot block
776  * indicating an ADFS file system on the disc.
777  * Return the offset to the NetBSD part of the disc if
778  * this can be determined.
779  * This routine will terminate disklabel if the disc
780  * is found to be ADFS only.
781  */
782 static u_int
783 get_filecore_partition(int f)
784 {
785 	struct filecore_bootblock	*fcbb;
786 	static u_char	bb[DEV_BSIZE];
787 	u_int		offset;
788 	struct riscix_partition_table	*riscix_part;
789 	int		loop;
790 
791 	if (pread(f, bb, sizeof(bb), (off_t)FILECORE_BOOT_SECTOR * DEV_BSIZE) != sizeof(bb))
792 		err(4, "can't read filecore boot block");
793 	fcbb = (struct filecore_bootblock *)bb;
794 
795 	/* Check if table is valid. */
796 	if (filecore_checksum(bb) != fcbb->checksum)
797 		return (0);
798 
799 	/*
800 	 * Check for NetBSD/arm32 (RiscBSD) partition marker.
801 	 * If found the NetBSD disklabel location is easy.
802 	 */
803 	offset = (fcbb->partition_cyl_low + (fcbb->partition_cyl_high << 8))
804 	    * fcbb->heads * fcbb->secspertrack;
805 
806 	switch (fcbb->partition_type) {
807 
808 	case PARTITION_FORMAT_RISCBSD:
809 		return (offset);
810 
811 	case PARTITION_FORMAT_RISCIX:
812 		/*
813 		 * Read the RISCiX partition table and search for the
814 		 * first partition named "RiscBSD", "NetBSD", or "Empty:"
815 		 *
816 		 * XXX is use of 'Empty:' really desirable?! -- cgd
817 		 */
818 
819 		if (pread(f, bb, sizeof(bb), (off_t)offset * DEV_BSIZE) != sizeof(bb))
820 			err(4, "can't read riscix partition table");
821 		riscix_part = (struct riscix_partition_table *)bb;
822 
823 		for (loop = 0; loop < NRISCIX_PARTITIONS; ++loop) {
824 			if (strcmp((char *)riscix_part->partitions[loop].rp_name,
825 				    "RiscBSD") == 0 ||
826 			    strcmp((char *)riscix_part->partitions[loop].rp_name,
827 				    "NetBSD") == 0 ||
828 			    strcmp((char *)riscix_part->partitions[loop].rp_name,
829 				    "Empty:") == 0) {
830 				return riscix_part->partitions[loop].rp_start;
831 				break;
832 			}
833 		}
834 		/*
835 		 * Valid filecore boot block, RISCiX partition table
836 		 * but no NetBSD partition. We should leave this
837 		 * disc alone.
838 		 */
839 		errx(4, "cannot label: no NetBSD partition found"
840 			" in RISCiX partition table");
841 
842 	default:
843 		/*
844 		 * Valid filecore boot block and no non-ADFS partition.
845 		 * This means that the whole disc is allocated for ADFS
846 		 * so do not trash ! If the user really wants to put a
847 		 * NetBSD disklabel on the disc then they should remove
848 		 * the filecore boot block first with dd.
849 		 */
850 		errx(4, "cannot label: filecore-only disk"
851 			" (no non-ADFS partition)");
852 	}
853 	return (0);
854 }
855 #endif	/* USE_ACORN */
856 
857 /*
858  * Fetch disklabel for disk to 'lab'.
859  * Use ioctl to get label unless -r flag is given.
860  */
861 static void
862 readlabel(int f)
863 {
864 	if (rflag) {
865 		/* Get label directly from disk */
866 		if (readlabel_direct(f) == 0)
867 			return;
868 		/*
869 		 * There was no label on the disk. Get the fictious one
870 		 * as a basis for initialisation.
871 		 */
872 		if (!Fflag && Iflag && (dk_ioctl(f, DIOCGDINFO, &lab) == 0 ||
873 		    dk_ioctl(f, DIOCGDEFLABEL, &lab) == 0))
874 			return;
875 	} else {
876 		/* Get label from kernel. */
877 		if (dk_ioctl(f, DIOCGDINFO, &lab) < 0)
878 			err(4, "ioctl DIOCGDINFO");
879 		return;
880 	}
881 
882 	if (read_all == 2)
883 		/* We actually found one, and printed it... */
884 		exit(0);
885 	errx(1, "could not read existing label");
886 }
887 
888 /*
889  * Reading the label from the disk is largely a case of 'hunt the label'.
890  * and since different architectures default to different places there
891  * could even be more than one label that contradict each other!
892  * For now we look in the expected place, then search through likely
893  * other locations.
894  */
895 static struct disklabel *
896 find_label(int f, u_int sector)
897 {
898 	struct disklabel *disk_lp, hlp;
899 	int i;
900 	u_int offset;
901 	const char *is_deleted;
902 
903 	bootarea_len = pread(f, bootarea, sizeof bootarea,
904 	    sector * (off_t)DEV_BSIZE);
905 	if (bootarea_len <= 0) {
906 		if (verbose)
907 			warn("failed to read bootarea from sector %u", sector);
908 		return NULL;
909 	}
910 
911 	if (verbose > 2)
912 		warnx("read sector %u len %d looking for label",
913 		    sector, bootarea_len);
914 
915 	/* Check expected offset first */
916 	for (offset = LABEL_OFFSET, i = -4;; offset = i += 4) {
917 		is_deleted = "";
918 		disk_lp = (void *)(bootarea + offset);
919 		if (i == LABEL_OFFSET)
920 			continue;
921 		if ((char *)(disk_lp + 1) > bootarea + bootarea_len)
922 			break;
923 		if (disk_lp->d_magic2 != disk_lp->d_magic)
924 			continue;
925 		if (read_all && (disk_lp->d_magic == DISKMAGIC_DELETED ||
926 		    disk_lp->d_magic == DISKMAGIC_DELETED_REV)) {
927 			disk_lp->d_magic ^= ~0u;
928 			disk_lp->d_magic2 ^= ~0u;
929 			is_deleted = "deleted ";
930 		}
931 		if (target32toh(disk_lp->d_magic) != DISKMAGIC) {
932 			/* XXX: Do something about byte-swapped labels ? */
933 			if (target32toh(disk_lp->d_magic) == DISKMAGIC_REV &&
934 			    target32toh(disk_lp->d_magic2) == DISKMAGIC_REV)
935 				warnx("ignoring %sbyteswapped label"
936 				    " at offset %u from sector %u",
937 				    is_deleted, offset, sector);
938 			continue;
939 		}
940 		if (target16toh(disk_lp->d_npartitions) > MAXPARTITIONS ||
941 		    dkcksum_target(disk_lp) != 0) {
942 			if (verbose > 0)
943 				warnx("corrupt label found at offset %u in "
944 				    "sector %u", offset, sector);
945 			continue;
946 		}
947 		if (verbose > 1)
948 			warnx("%slabel found at offset %u from sector %u",
949 			    is_deleted, offset, sector);
950 		if (!read_all)
951 			return disk_lp;
952 
953 		/* To print all the labels we have to do it here */
954 		/* XXX: maybe we should compare them? */
955 		targettohlabel(&hlp, disk_lp);
956 		printf("# %ssector %u offset %u bytes\n",
957 		    is_deleted, sector, offset);
958 		if (tflag)
959 			makedisktab(stdout, &hlp);
960 		else {
961 			showinfo(stdout, &hlp, specname);
962 			showpartitions(stdout, &hlp, Cflag);
963 		}
964 		checklabel(&hlp);
965 		htotargetlabel(disk_lp, &hlp);
966 		/* Remember we've found a label */
967 		read_all = 2;
968 	}
969 	return NULL;
970 }
971 
972 static void
973 write_bootarea(int f, u_int sector)
974 {
975 	int wlen;
976 
977 	if (bootarea_len <= 0)
978 		errx(1, "attempting to write after failed read");
979 
980 #ifdef ALPHA_BOOTBLOCK_CKSUM
981 	/*
982 	 * The Alpha requires that the boot block be checksummed.
983 	 * <sys/bootblock.h> provides a macro to do it.
984 	 */
985 	if (sector == 0) {
986 		struct alpha_boot_block *bb;
987 
988 		bb = (struct alpha_boot_block *)(void *)bootarea;
989 		bb->bb_cksum = 0;
990 		ALPHA_BOOT_BLOCK_CKSUM(bb, &bb->bb_cksum);
991 	}
992 #endif	/* ALPHA_BOOTBLOCK_CKSUM */
993 
994 	wlen = pwrite(f, bootarea, bootarea_len, sector * (off_t)DEV_BSIZE);
995 	if (wlen == bootarea_len)
996 		return;
997 	if (wlen == -1)
998 		err(1, "disklabel write (sector %u) size %d failed",
999 		    sector, bootarea_len);
1000 	errx(1, "disklabel write (sector %u) size %d truncated to %d",
1001 		    sector, bootarea_len, wlen);
1002 }
1003 
1004 static int
1005 update_label(int f, u_int label_sector, u_int label_offset)
1006 {
1007 	struct disklabel *disk_lp;
1008 
1009 	disk_lp = find_label(f, label_sector);
1010 
1011 	if (disk_lp && Dflag) {
1012 		/* Invalidate the existing label */
1013 		disk_lp->d_magic ^= ~0u;
1014 		disk_lp->d_magic2 ^= ~0u;
1015 		if (Dflag == 2)
1016 			write_bootarea(f, label_sector);
1017 		/* Force label to default location */
1018 		disk_lp = NULL;
1019 	}
1020 
1021 	if (Dflag == 2)
1022 		/* We are just deleting the label */
1023 		return 0;
1024 
1025 	if (disk_lp == NULL) {
1026 		if (label_offset == ~0u)
1027 			return 0;
1028 		/* Nothing on the disk - we need to add it */
1029 		disk_lp = (void *)(bootarea + label_offset);
1030 		if ((char *)(disk_lp + 1) > bootarea + bootarea_len)
1031 			errx(1, "no space in bootarea (sector %u) "
1032 			    "to create label", label_sector);
1033 	}
1034 
1035 	htotargetlabel(disk_lp, &lab);
1036 	write_bootarea(f, label_sector);
1037 	return 1;
1038 }
1039 
1040 static void
1041 writelabel_direct(int f)
1042 {
1043 	u_int label_sector;
1044 	int written = 0;
1045 	int rval;
1046 
1047 	label_sector = get_filecore_partition(f);
1048 	if (label_sector != 0)
1049 		/* The offset needs to be that from the acorn ports... */
1050 		written = update_label(f, label_sector, DEV_BSIZE);
1051 
1052 	rval = process_mbr(f, writelabel_mbr);
1053 
1054 	if (rval == 2 || written)
1055 		/* Don't add a label to sector 0, but update one if there */
1056 		update_label(f, 0, ~0u);
1057 	else
1058 		update_label(f, 0, LABEL_OFFSET);
1059 }
1060 
1061 static int
1062 readlabel_direct(int f)
1063 {
1064 	struct disklabel *disk_lp;
1065 	u_int filecore_partition_offset;
1066 
1067 	filecore_partition_offset = get_filecore_partition(f);
1068 	if (filecore_partition_offset != 0) {
1069 		disk_lp = find_label(f, filecore_partition_offset);
1070 		if (disk_lp != NULL) {
1071 			targettohlabel(&lab, disk_lp);
1072 			return 0;
1073 		}
1074 	}
1075 
1076 	if (mflag && process_mbr(f, readlabel_mbr) == 0)
1077 		return 0;
1078 
1079 	disk_lp = find_label(f, 0);
1080 	if (disk_lp != NULL) {
1081 		targettohlabel(&lab, disk_lp);
1082 		return 0;
1083 	}
1084 
1085 	if (!mflag && process_mbr(f, readlabel_mbr) == 0)
1086 		return 0;
1087 
1088 	return 1;
1089 }
1090 
1091 static void
1092 makedisktab(FILE *f, struct disklabel *lp)
1093 {
1094 	int	 i;
1095 	const char *did;
1096 	struct partition *pp;
1097 
1098 	did = "\\\n\t:";
1099 	(void) fprintf(f, "%.*s|Automatically generated label:\\\n\t:dt=",
1100 	    (int) sizeof(lp->d_typename), lp->d_typename);
1101 	if ((unsigned) lp->d_type < DKMAXTYPES)
1102 		(void) fprintf(f, "%s:", dktypenames[lp->d_type]);
1103 	else
1104 		(void) fprintf(f, "unknown%" PRIu16 ":", lp->d_type);
1105 
1106 	(void) fprintf(f, "se#%" PRIu32 ":", lp->d_secsize);
1107 	(void) fprintf(f, "ns#%" PRIu32 ":", lp->d_nsectors);
1108 	(void) fprintf(f, "nt#%" PRIu32 ":", lp->d_ntracks);
1109 	(void) fprintf(f, "sc#%" PRIu32 ":", lp->d_secpercyl);
1110 	(void) fprintf(f, "nc#%" PRIu32 ":", lp->d_ncylinders);
1111 
1112 	if ((lp->d_secpercyl * lp->d_ncylinders) != lp->d_secperunit) {
1113 		(void) fprintf(f, "%ssu#%" PRIu32 ":", did, lp->d_secperunit);
1114 		did = "";
1115 	}
1116 	if (lp->d_rpm != 3600) {
1117 		(void) fprintf(f, "%srm#%" PRIu16 ":", did, lp->d_rpm);
1118 		did = "";
1119 	}
1120 	if (lp->d_interleave != 1) {
1121 		(void) fprintf(f, "%sil#%" PRIu16 ":", did, lp->d_interleave);
1122 		did = "";
1123 	}
1124 	if (lp->d_trackskew != 0) {
1125 		(void) fprintf(f, "%ssk#%" PRIu16 ":", did, lp->d_trackskew);
1126 		did = "";
1127 	}
1128 	if (lp->d_cylskew != 0) {
1129 		(void) fprintf(f, "%scs#%" PRIu16 ":", did, lp->d_cylskew);
1130 		did = "";
1131 	}
1132 	if (lp->d_headswitch != 0) {
1133 		(void) fprintf(f, "%shs#%" PRIu16 ":", did, lp->d_headswitch);
1134 		did = "";
1135 	}
1136 	if (lp->d_trkseek != 0) {
1137 		(void) fprintf(f, "%sts#%" PRIu32 ":", did, lp->d_trkseek);
1138 		did = "";
1139 	}
1140 #ifdef notyet
1141 	(void) fprintf(f, "drivedata: ");
1142 	for (i = NDDATA - 1; i >= 0; i--)
1143 		if (lp->d_drivedata[i])
1144 			break;
1145 	if (i < 0)
1146 		i = 0;
1147 	for (j = 0; j <= i; j++)
1148 		(void) fprintf(f, "%" PRIu32 " ", lp->d_drivedata[j]);
1149 #endif	/* notyet */
1150 	pp = lp->d_partitions;
1151 	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++, pp++) {
1152 		if (pp->p_size) {
1153 			char c = 'a' + i;
1154 			(void) fprintf(f, "\\\n\t:");
1155 			(void) fprintf(f, "p%c#%" PRIu32 ":", c, pp->p_size);
1156 			(void) fprintf(f, "o%c#%" PRIu32 ":", c, pp->p_offset);
1157 			if (pp->p_fstype != FS_UNUSED) {
1158 				if ((unsigned) pp->p_fstype < FSMAXTYPES)
1159 					(void) fprintf(f, "t%c=%s:", c,
1160 					    fstypenames[pp->p_fstype]);
1161 				else
1162 					(void) fprintf(f,
1163 					    "t%c=unknown%" PRIu8 ":",
1164 					    c, pp->p_fstype);
1165 			}
1166 			switch (pp->p_fstype) {
1167 
1168 			case FS_UNUSED:
1169 				break;
1170 
1171 			case FS_BSDFFS:
1172 			case FS_BSDLFS:
1173 			case FS_EX2FS:
1174 			case FS_ADOS:
1175 			case FS_APPLEUFS:
1176 				(void) fprintf(f, "b%c#%" PRIu64 ":", c,
1177 				    (uint64_t)pp->p_fsize * pp->p_frag);
1178 				(void) fprintf(f, "f%c#%" PRIu32 ":", c,
1179 				    pp->p_fsize);
1180 				break;
1181 			default:
1182 				break;
1183 			}
1184 		}
1185 	}
1186 	(void) fprintf(f, "\n");
1187 	(void) fflush(f);
1188 }
1189 
1190 static int
1191 edit(int f)
1192 {
1193 	const char *tmpdir;
1194 	char	tmpfil[MAXPATHLEN];
1195 	int	 first, ch, fd;
1196 	int	get_ok;
1197 	FILE	*fp;
1198 
1199 	if ((tmpdir = getenv("TMPDIR")) == NULL)
1200 		tmpdir = _PATH_TMP;
1201 	(void)snprintf(tmpfil, sizeof(tmpfil), "%s/%s", tmpdir, TMPFILE);
1202 	if ((fd = mkstemp(tmpfil)) == -1 || (fp = fdopen(fd, "w")) == NULL) {
1203 		warn("%s", tmpfil);
1204 		return (1);
1205 	}
1206 	(void)fchmod(fd, 0600);
1207 	showinfo(fp, &lab, specname);
1208 	showpartitions(fp, &lab, Cflag);
1209 	(void) fclose(fp);
1210 	for (;;) {
1211 		if (!editit(tmpfil))
1212 			break;
1213 		fp = fopen(tmpfil, "r");
1214 		if (fp == NULL) {
1215 			warn("%s", tmpfil);
1216 			break;
1217 		}
1218 		(void) memset(&lab, 0, sizeof(lab));
1219 		get_ok = getasciilabel(fp, &lab);
1220 		fclose(fp);
1221 		if (get_ok && write_label(f) == 0) {
1222 			(void) unlink(tmpfil);
1223 			return (0);
1224 		}
1225 		(void) printf("re-edit the label? [y]: ");
1226 		(void) fflush(stdout);
1227 		first = ch = getchar();
1228 		while (ch != '\n' && ch != EOF)
1229 			ch = getchar();
1230 		if (first == 'n' || first == 'N')
1231 			break;
1232 	}
1233 	(void)unlink(tmpfil);
1234 	return (1);
1235 }
1236 
1237 static int
1238 editit(const char *tmpfil)
1239 {
1240 	int pid, xpid;
1241 	int status;
1242 	sigset_t nsigset, osigset;
1243 
1244 	sigemptyset(&nsigset);
1245 	sigaddset(&nsigset, SIGINT);
1246 	sigaddset(&nsigset, SIGQUIT);
1247 	sigaddset(&nsigset, SIGHUP);
1248 	sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &nsigset, &osigset);
1249 	while ((pid = fork()) < 0) {
1250 		if (errno != EAGAIN) {
1251 			sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &osigset, (sigset_t *)0);
1252 			warn("fork");
1253 			return (0);
1254 		}
1255 		sleep(1);
1256 	}
1257 	if (pid == 0) {
1258 		const char *ed;
1259 		char *buf;
1260 		int retval;
1261 
1262 		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &osigset, (sigset_t *)0);
1263 		setgid(getgid());
1264 		setuid(getuid());
1265 		if ((ed = getenv("EDITOR")) == (char *)0)
1266 			ed = DEFEDITOR;
1267 		/*
1268 		 * Jump through a few extra hoops in case someone's editor
1269 		 * is "editor arg1 arg2".
1270 		 */
1271 		asprintf(&buf, "%s %s", ed, tmpfil);
1272 		if (!buf)
1273 			err(1, "malloc");
1274 		retval = execlp(_PATH_BSHELL, _PATH_BSHELL, "-c", buf, NULL);
1275 		if (retval == -1)
1276 			perror(ed);
1277 		exit(retval);
1278 	}
1279 	while ((xpid = wait(&status)) >= 0)
1280 		if (xpid == pid)
1281 			break;
1282 	sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &osigset, (sigset_t *)0);
1283 	return (!status);
1284 }
1285 
1286 static char *
1287 skip(char *cp)
1288 {
1289 
1290 	cp += strspn(cp, " \t");
1291 	if (*cp == '\0')
1292 		return (NULL);
1293 	return (cp);
1294 }
1295 
1296 static char *
1297 word(char *cp)
1298 {
1299 
1300 	if (cp == NULL || *cp == '\0')
1301 		return (NULL);
1302 
1303 	cp += strcspn(cp, " \t");
1304 	if (*cp == '\0')
1305 		return (NULL);
1306 	*cp++ = '\0';
1307 	cp += strspn(cp, " \t");
1308 	if (*cp == '\0')
1309 		return (NULL);
1310 	return (cp);
1311 }
1312 
1313 #define _CHECKLINE \
1314 	if (tp == NULL || *tp == '\0') {			\
1315 		warnx("line %d: too few fields", lineno);	\
1316 		errors++;					\
1317 		break;						\
1318 	}
1319 
1320 #define __CHECKLINE \
1321 	if (*tp == NULL || **tp == '\0') {			\
1322 		warnx("line %d: too few fields", lineno);	\
1323 		*tp = _error_;					\
1324 		return 0;					\
1325 	}
1326 
1327 static char _error_[] = "";
1328 #define NXTNUM(n)	if ((n = nxtnum(&tp, lineno),0) + tp != _error_) \
1329 			; else goto error
1330 #define NXTXNUM(n)	if ((n = nxtxnum(&tp, lp, lineno),0) + tp != _error_) \
1331 			; else goto error
1332 
1333 static unsigned long
1334 nxtnum(char **tp, int lineno)
1335 {
1336 	char *cp;
1337 	unsigned long v;
1338 
1339 	__CHECKLINE
1340 	if (getulong(*tp, '\0', &cp, &v, UINT32_MAX) != 0) {
1341 		warnx("line %d: syntax error", lineno);
1342 		*tp = _error_;
1343 		return 0;
1344 	}
1345 	*tp = cp;
1346 	return v;
1347 }
1348 
1349 static unsigned long
1350 nxtxnum(char **tp, struct disklabel *lp, int lineno)
1351 {
1352 	char	*cp, *ncp;
1353 	unsigned long n, v;
1354 
1355 	__CHECKLINE
1356 	cp = *tp;
1357 	if (getulong(cp, '/', &ncp, &n, UINT32_MAX) != 0)
1358 		goto bad;
1359 
1360 	if (*ncp == '/') {
1361 		n *= lp->d_secpercyl;
1362 		cp = ncp + 1;
1363 		if (getulong(cp, '/', &ncp, &v, UINT32_MAX) != 0)
1364 			goto bad;
1365 		n += v * lp->d_nsectors;
1366 		cp = ncp + 1;
1367 		if (getulong(cp, '\0', &ncp, &v, UINT32_MAX) != 0)
1368 			goto bad;
1369 		n += v;
1370 	}
1371 	*tp = ncp;
1372 	return n;
1373 bad:
1374 	warnx("line %d: invalid format", lineno);
1375 	*tp = _error_;
1376 	return 0;
1377 }
1378 
1379 /*
1380  * Read an ascii label in from fd f,
1381  * in the same format as that put out by showinfo() and showpartitions(),
1382  * and fill in lp.
1383  */
1384 static int
1385 getasciilabel(FILE *f, struct disklabel *lp)
1386 {
1387 	const char *const *cpp, *s;
1388 	struct partition *pp;
1389 	char	*cp, *tp, line[BUFSIZ], tbuf[15];
1390 	int	 lineno, errors;
1391 	unsigned long v;
1392 	unsigned int part;
1393 
1394 	lineno = 0;
1395 	errors = 0;
1396 	lp->d_bbsize = BBSIZE;				/* XXX */
1397 	lp->d_sbsize = SBLOCKSIZE;			/* XXX */
1398 	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line) - 1, f)) {
1399 		lineno++;
1400 		if ((cp = strpbrk(line, "#\r\n")) != NULL)
1401 			*cp = '\0';
1402 		cp = skip(line);
1403 		if (cp == NULL)     /* blank line or comment line */
1404 			continue;
1405 		tp = strchr(cp, ':'); /* everything has a colon in it */
1406 		if (tp == NULL) {
1407 			warnx("line %d: syntax error", lineno);
1408 			errors++;
1409 			continue;
1410 		}
1411 		*tp++ = '\0', tp = skip(tp);
1412 		if (!strcmp(cp, "type")) {
1413 			if (tp == NULL) {
1414 				strlcpy(tbuf, "unknown", sizeof(tbuf));
1415 				tp = tbuf;
1416 			}
1417 			cpp = dktypenames;
1418 			for (; cpp < &dktypenames[DKMAXTYPES]; cpp++)
1419 				if ((s = *cpp) && !strcasecmp(s, tp)) {
1420 					lp->d_type = cpp - dktypenames;
1421 					goto next;
1422 				}
1423 			if (GETNUM16(tp, &v) != 0) {
1424 				warnx("line %d: syntax error", lineno);
1425 				errors++;
1426 				continue;
1427 			}
1428 			if (v >= DKMAXTYPES)
1429 				warnx("line %d: warning, unknown disk type: %s",
1430 				    lineno, tp);
1431 			lp->d_type = v;
1432 			continue;
1433 		}
1434 		if (!strcmp(cp, "flags")) {
1435 			for (v = 0; (cp = tp) && *cp != '\0';) {
1436 				tp = word(cp);
1437 				if (!strcasecmp(cp, "removable"))
1438 					v |= D_REMOVABLE;
1439 				else if (!strcasecmp(cp, "ecc"))
1440 					v |= D_ECC;
1441 				else if (!strcasecmp(cp, "badsect"))
1442 					v |= D_BADSECT;
1443 				else {
1444 					warnx("line %d: bad flag: %s",
1445 					    lineno, cp);
1446 					errors++;
1447 				}
1448 			}
1449 			lp->d_flags = v;
1450 			continue;
1451 		}
1452 		if (!strcmp(cp, "drivedata")) {
1453 			int i;
1454 
1455 			for (i = 0; (cp = tp) && *cp != '\0' && i < NDDATA;) {
1456 				if (GETNUM32(cp, &v) != 0) {
1457 					warnx("line %d: bad drive data",
1458 					    lineno);
1459 					errors++;
1460 				} else
1461 					lp->d_drivedata[i] = v;
1462 				i++;
1463 				tp = word(cp);
1464 			}
1465 			continue;
1466 		}
1467 		if (sscanf(cp, "%lu partitions", &v) == 1) {
1468 			if (v == 0 || v > MAXPARTITIONS) {
1469 				warnx("line %d: bad # of partitions", lineno);
1470 				lp->d_npartitions = MAXPARTITIONS;
1471 				errors++;
1472 			} else
1473 				lp->d_npartitions = v;
1474 			continue;
1475 		}
1476 		if (tp == NULL) {
1477 			tbuf[0] = '\0';
1478 			tp = tbuf;
1479 		}
1480 		if (!strcmp(cp, "disk")) {
1481 			strncpy(lp->d_typename, tp, sizeof(lp->d_typename));
1482 			continue;
1483 		}
1484 		if (!strcmp(cp, "label")) {
1485 			strncpy(lp->d_packname, tp, sizeof(lp->d_packname));
1486 			continue;
1487 		}
1488 		if (!strcmp(cp, "bytes/sector")) {
1489 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0 || v <= 0 || (v % 512) != 0) {
1490 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1491 				errors++;
1492 			} else
1493 				lp->d_secsize = v;
1494 			continue;
1495 		}
1496 		if (!strcmp(cp, "sectors/track")) {
1497 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0) {
1498 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1499 				errors++;
1500 			} else
1501 				lp->d_nsectors = v;
1502 			continue;
1503 		}
1504 		if (!strcmp(cp, "sectors/cylinder")) {
1505 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0) {
1506 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1507 				errors++;
1508 			} else
1509 				lp->d_secpercyl = v;
1510 			continue;
1511 		}
1512 		if (!strcmp(cp, "tracks/cylinder")) {
1513 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0) {
1514 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1515 				errors++;
1516 			} else
1517 				lp->d_ntracks = v;
1518 			continue;
1519 		}
1520 		if (!strcmp(cp, "cylinders")) {
1521 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0) {
1522 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1523 				errors++;
1524 			} else
1525 				lp->d_ncylinders = v;
1526 			continue;
1527 		}
1528 		if (!strcmp(cp, "total sectors") ||
1529 		    !strcmp(cp, "sectors/unit")) {
1530 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0) {
1531 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1532 				errors++;
1533 			} else
1534 				lp->d_secperunit = v;
1535 			continue;
1536 		}
1537 		if (!strcmp(cp, "rpm")) {
1538 			if (GETNUM16(tp, &v) != 0) {
1539 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1540 				errors++;
1541 			} else
1542 				lp->d_rpm = v;
1543 			continue;
1544 		}
1545 		if (!strcmp(cp, "interleave")) {
1546 			if (GETNUM16(tp, &v) != 0) {
1547 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1548 				errors++;
1549 			} else
1550 				lp->d_interleave = v;
1551 			continue;
1552 		}
1553 		if (!strcmp(cp, "trackskew")) {
1554 			if (GETNUM16(tp, &v) != 0) {
1555 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1556 				errors++;
1557 			} else
1558 				lp->d_trackskew = v;
1559 			continue;
1560 		}
1561 		if (!strcmp(cp, "cylinderskew")) {
1562 			if (GETNUM16(tp, &v) != 0) {
1563 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1564 				errors++;
1565 			} else
1566 				lp->d_cylskew = v;
1567 			continue;
1568 		}
1569 		if (!strcmp(cp, "headswitch")) {
1570 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0) {
1571 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1572 				errors++;
1573 			} else
1574 				lp->d_headswitch = v;
1575 			continue;
1576 		}
1577 		if (!strcmp(cp, "track-to-track seek")) {
1578 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0) {
1579 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1580 				errors++;
1581 			} else
1582 				lp->d_trkseek = v;
1583 			continue;
1584 		}
1585 		if ('a' > *cp || *cp > 'z' || cp[1] != '\0') {
1586 			warnx("line %d: unknown field: %s", lineno, cp);
1587 			errors++;
1588 			continue;
1589 		}
1590 
1591 		/* We have a partition entry */
1592 		part = *cp - 'a';
1593 
1594 		if (part >= MAXPARTITIONS) {
1595 			warnx("line %d: bad partition name: %s", lineno, cp);
1596 			errors++;
1597 			continue;
1598 		}
1599 		pp = &lp->d_partitions[part];
1600 
1601 		NXTXNUM(pp->p_size);
1602 		NXTXNUM(pp->p_offset);
1603 		/* can't use word() here because of blanks in fstypenames[] */
1604 		tp += strspn(tp, " \t");
1605 		_CHECKLINE
1606 		cp = tp;
1607 		cpp = fstypenames;
1608 		for (; cpp < &fstypenames[FSMAXTYPES]; cpp++) {
1609 			s = *cpp;
1610 			if (s == NULL ||
1611 				(cp[strlen(s)] != ' ' &&
1612 				 cp[strlen(s)] != '\t' &&
1613 				 cp[strlen(s)] != '\0'))
1614 				continue;
1615 			if (!memcmp(s, cp, strlen(s))) {
1616 				pp->p_fstype = cpp - fstypenames;
1617 				tp += strlen(s);
1618 				if (*tp == '\0')
1619 					tp = NULL;
1620 				else {
1621 					tp += strspn(tp, " \t");
1622 					if (*tp == '\0')
1623 						tp = NULL;
1624 				}
1625 				goto gottype;
1626 			}
1627 		}
1628 		tp = word(cp);
1629 		if (isdigit(*cp & 0xff)) {
1630 			if (GETNUM8(cp, &v) != 0) {
1631 				warnx("line %d: syntax error", lineno);
1632 				errors++;
1633 			}
1634 		} else
1635 			v = FSMAXTYPES;
1636 		if ((unsigned)v >= FSMAXTYPES) {
1637 			warnx("line %d: warning, unknown file system type: %s",
1638 			    lineno, cp);
1639 			warnx("tip: use -l to see all valid file system "
1640 			    "types");
1641 			v = FS_UNUSED;
1642 		}
1643 		pp->p_fstype = v;
1644 gottype:
1645 		switch (pp->p_fstype) {
1646 
1647 		case FS_UNUSED:				/* XXX */
1648 			NXTNUM(pp->p_fsize);
1649 			if (pp->p_fsize == 0)
1650 				break;
1651 			NXTNUM(v);
1652 			pp->p_frag = v / pp->p_fsize;
1653 			break;
1654 
1655 		case FS_BSDFFS:
1656 		case FS_ADOS:
1657 		case FS_APPLEUFS:
1658 			NXTNUM(pp->p_fsize);
1659 			if (pp->p_fsize == 0)
1660 				break;
1661 			NXTNUM(v);
1662 			pp->p_frag = v / pp->p_fsize;
1663 			NXTNUM(pp->p_cpg);
1664 			break;
1665 		case FS_BSDLFS:
1666 			NXTNUM(pp->p_fsize);
1667 			if (pp->p_fsize == 0)
1668 				break;
1669 			NXTNUM(v);
1670 			pp->p_frag = v / pp->p_fsize;
1671 			NXTNUM(pp->p_sgs);
1672 			break;
1673 		case FS_EX2FS:
1674 			NXTNUM(pp->p_fsize);
1675 			if (pp->p_fsize == 0)
1676 				break;
1677 			NXTNUM(v);
1678 			pp->p_frag = v / pp->p_fsize;
1679 			break;
1680 		case FS_ISO9660:
1681 			NXTNUM(pp->p_cdsession);
1682 			break;
1683 		default:
1684 			break;
1685 		}
1686 		continue;
1687  error:
1688 		errors++;
1689  next:
1690 		;
1691 	}
1692 	errors += checklabel(lp);
1693 	return (errors == 0);
1694 }
1695 
1696 /*
1697  * Check disklabel for errors and fill in
1698  * derived fields according to supplied values.
1699  */
1700 int
1701 checklabel(struct disklabel *lp)
1702 {
1703 	struct partition *pp, *qp;
1704 	int	i, j, errors;
1705 	char	part;
1706 
1707 	errors = 0;
1708 	if (lp->d_secsize == 0) {
1709 		warnx("sector size %" PRIu32, lp->d_secsize);
1710 		return (1);
1711 	}
1712 	if (lp->d_nsectors == 0) {
1713 		warnx("sectors/track %" PRIu32, lp->d_nsectors);
1714 		return (1);
1715 	}
1716 	if (lp->d_ntracks == 0) {
1717 		warnx("tracks/cylinder %" PRIu32, lp->d_ntracks);
1718 		return (1);
1719 	}
1720 	if  (lp->d_ncylinders == 0) {
1721 		warnx("cylinders/unit %" PRIu32, lp->d_ncylinders);
1722 		errors++;
1723 	}
1724 	if (lp->d_rpm == 0)
1725 		warnx("warning, revolutions/minute %" PRIu16, lp->d_rpm);
1726 	if (lp->d_secpercyl == 0)
1727 		lp->d_secpercyl = lp->d_nsectors * lp->d_ntracks;
1728 	if (lp->d_secperunit == 0)
1729 		lp->d_secperunit = lp->d_secpercyl * lp->d_ncylinders;
1730 	if (lp->d_bbsize == 0) {
1731 		warnx("boot block size %" PRIu32, lp->d_bbsize);
1732 		errors++;
1733 	} else if (lp->d_bbsize % lp->d_secsize)
1734 		warnx("warning, boot block size %% sector-size != 0");
1735 	if (lp->d_sbsize == 0) {
1736 		warnx("super block size %" PRIu32, lp->d_sbsize);
1737 		errors++;
1738 	} else if (lp->d_sbsize % lp->d_secsize)
1739 		warnx("warning, super block size %% sector-size != 0");
1740 	if (lp->d_npartitions > MAXPARTITIONS)
1741 		warnx("warning, number of partitions (%" PRIu16 ") > "
1742 		    "MAXPARTITIONS (%d)",
1743 		    lp->d_npartitions, MAXPARTITIONS);
1744 	else
1745 		for (i = MAXPARTITIONS - 1; i >= lp->d_npartitions; i--) {
1746 			part = 'a' + i;
1747 			pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1748 			if (pp->p_size || pp->p_offset) {
1749 				warnx("warning, partition %c increased "
1750 				    "number of partitions from %" PRIu16
1751 				    " to %d",
1752 				    part, lp->d_npartitions, i + 1);
1753 				lp->d_npartitions = i + 1;
1754 				break;
1755 			}
1756 		}
1757 	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1758 		part = 'a' + i;
1759 		pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1760 		if (pp->p_size == 0 && pp->p_offset != 0)
1761 			warnx("warning, partition %c: size 0, but "
1762 			    "offset %" PRIu32,
1763 			    part, pp->p_offset);
1764 #ifdef STRICT_CYLINDER_ALIGNMENT
1765 		if (pp->p_offset % lp->d_secpercyl) {
1766 			warnx("warning, partition %c:"
1767 			    " not starting on cylinder boundary",
1768 			    part);
1769 			errors++;
1770 		}
1771 #endif	/* STRICT_CYLINDER_ALIGNMENT */
1772 		if (pp->p_offset > lp->d_secperunit) {
1773 			warnx("partition %c: offset past end of unit", part);
1774 			errors++;
1775 		}
1776 		if (pp->p_offset + pp->p_size > lp->d_secperunit) {
1777 			warnx("partition %c: partition extends"
1778 			    " past end of unit",
1779 			    part);
1780 			errors++;
1781 		}
1782 		if (pp->p_fstype != FS_UNUSED)
1783 			for (j = i + 1; j < lp->d_npartitions; j++) {
1784 				qp = &lp->d_partitions[j];
1785 				if (qp->p_fstype == FS_UNUSED)
1786 					continue;
1787 				if (pp->p_offset < qp->p_offset + qp->p_size &&
1788 				    qp->p_offset < pp->p_offset + pp->p_size)
1789 					warnx("partitions %c and %c overlap",
1790 					    part, 'a' + j);
1791 			}
1792 	}
1793 	return (errors);
1794 }
1795 
1796 static void
1797 usage(void)
1798 {
1799 	static const struct {
1800 		const char *name;
1801 		const char *expn;
1802 	} usages[] = {
1803 	{ "[-ACFrtv] disk", "(to read label)" },
1804 	{ "-w [-DFrv] [-f disktab] disk disktype [packid]", "(to write label)" },
1805 	{ "-e [-CDFIrv] disk", "(to edit label)" },
1806 	{ "-i [-DFIrv] disk", "(to create a label interactively)" },
1807 	{ "-D [-v] disk", "(to delete existing label(s))" },
1808 	{ "-R [-DFrv] disk protofile", "(to restore label)" },
1809 	{ "[-NW] disk", "(to write disable/enable label)" },
1810 	{ "-l", "(to show all known file system types)" },
1811 	{ NULL, NULL }
1812 	};
1813 	int i;
1814 	const char *pn = getprogname();
1815 	const char *t = "usage:";
1816 
1817 	for (i = 0; usages[i].name != NULL; i++) {
1818 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s %s %s\n\t%s\n",
1819 		    t, pn, usages[i].name, usages[i].expn);
1820 		t = "or";
1821 	}
1822 	exit(1);
1823 }
1824 
1825 static int
1826 getulong(const char *str, char sep, char **epp, unsigned long *ul,
1827     unsigned long max)
1828 {
1829 	char *ep;
1830 
1831 	if (epp == NULL)
1832 		epp = &ep;
1833 
1834 	*ul = strtoul(str, epp, 10);
1835 
1836 	if ((*ul ==  ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE) || *ul > max)
1837 		return ERANGE;
1838 
1839 	if (*str == '\0' || (**epp != '\0' && **epp != sep &&
1840 	    !isspace((unsigned char)**epp)))
1841 		return EFTYPE;
1842 
1843 	return 0;
1844 }
1845 
1846 /*
1847  * This is a wrapper over the standard strcmp function to be used with
1848  * qsort on an array of pointers to strings.
1849  */
1850 static int
1851 qsort_strcmp(const void *v1, const void *v2)
1852 {
1853 	const char *const *sp1 = (const char *const *)v1;
1854 	const char *const *sp2 = (const char *const *)v2;
1855 
1856 	return strcmp(*sp1, *sp2);
1857 }
1858 
1859 /*
1860  * Prints all know file system types for a partition.
1861  * Returns 1 on success, 0 on failure.
1862  */
1863 int
1864 list_fs_types(void)
1865 {
1866 	int ret;
1867 	size_t nelems;
1868 
1869 	nelems = 0;
1870 	{
1871 		const char *const *namep;
1872 
1873 		namep = fstypenames;
1874 		while (*namep++ != NULL)
1875 			nelems++;
1876 	}
1877 
1878 	ret = 1;
1879 	if (nelems > 0) {
1880 		const char **list;
1881 		size_t i;
1882 
1883 		list = (const char **)malloc(sizeof(char *) * nelems);
1884 		if (list == NULL) {
1885 			warnx("sorry, could not allocate memory for list");
1886 			ret = 0;
1887 		} else {
1888 			for (i = 0; i < nelems; i++)
1889 				list[i] = fstypenames[i];
1890 
1891 			qsort(list, nelems, sizeof(char *), qsort_strcmp);
1892 
1893 			for (i = 0; i < nelems; i++)
1894 				(void)printf("%s\n", list[i]);
1895 
1896 			free(list);
1897 		}
1898 	}
1899 
1900 	return ret;
1901 }
1902