xref: /netbsd-src/sbin/disklabel/main.c (revision b1c86f5f087524e68db12794ee9c3e3da1ab17a0)
1 /*	$NetBSD: main.c,v 1.22 2010/01/05 15:45:26 tsutsui Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 2006 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Julio M. Merino Vidal.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
20  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
21  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
22  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
23  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
24  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
25  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
26  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
27  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
28  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
29  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 /*
33  * Copyright (c) 1987, 1993
34  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
35  *
36  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
37  * Symmetric Computer Systems.
38  *
39  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
40  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
41  * are met:
42  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
43  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
44  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
45  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
46  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
47  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
48  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
49  *    without specific prior written permission.
50  *
51  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
52  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
53  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
54  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
55  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
56  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
57  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
58  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
59  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
60  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
61  * SUCH DAMAGE.
62  */
63 
64 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
65 #include "nbtool_config.h"
66 #endif
67 
68 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
69 #ifndef lint
70 __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1987, 1993\
71  The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.");
72 #endif	/* not lint */
73 
74 #ifndef lint
75 #if 0
76 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)disklabel.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 5/4/95";
77 /* from static char sccsid[] = "@(#)disklabel.c	1.2 (Symmetric) 11/28/85"; */
78 #else
79 __RCSID("$NetBSD: main.c,v 1.22 2010/01/05 15:45:26 tsutsui Exp $");
80 #endif
81 #endif	/* not lint */
82 
83 #include <sys/param.h>
84 #include <sys/file.h>
85 #include <sys/stat.h>
86 #include <sys/wait.h>
87 #define DKTYPENAMES
88 #define FSTYPENAMES
89 
90 #include <ctype.h>
91 #include <err.h>
92 #include <errno.h>
93 #include <signal.h>
94 #include <string.h>
95 #include <stdio.h>
96 #include <stdlib.h>
97 #include <limits.h>
98 #include <unistd.h>
99 
100 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
101 #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
102 
103 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
104 #include <nbinclude/sys/disklabel.h>
105 #include <nbinclude/sys/disklabel_acorn.h>
106 #include <nbinclude/sys/bootblock.h>
107 #include "../../include/disktab.h"
108 #else
109 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
110 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
111 #include <sys/disklabel_acorn.h>
112 #include <sys/bootblock.h>
113 #include <util.h>
114 #include <disktab.h>
115 #endif /* HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H */
116 
117 #include "pathnames.h"
118 #include "extern.h"
119 #include "dkcksum.h"
120 #include "bswap.h"
121 
122 /*
123  * Disklabel: read and write disklabels.
124  * The label is usually placed on one of the first sectors of the disk.
125  * Many machines also place a bootstrap in the same area,
126  * in which case the label is embedded in the bootstrap.
127  * The bootstrap source must leave space at the proper offset
128  * for the label on such machines.
129  */
130 
131 #ifndef BBSIZE
132 #define	BBSIZE	8192			/* size of boot area, with label */
133 #endif
134 
135 #define DISKMAGIC_REV		bswap32(DISKMAGIC)
136 /* To delete a label, we just invert the magic numbers */
137 #define DISKMAGIC_DELETED	(~DISKMAGIC)
138 #define DISKMAGIC_DELETED_REV	bswap32(~DISKMAGIC)
139 
140 #define	DEFEDITOR	_PATH_VI
141 
142 char	specname[MAXPATHLEN];
143 
144 /* Some global data, all too hard to pass about */
145 char bootarea[BBSIZE];			/* Buffer matching part of disk */
146 int bootarea_len;			/* Number of bytes we actually read */
147 static struct	disklabel lab;		/* The label we have updated */
148 
149 static	int	Aflag;		/* Action all labels */
150 static	int	Fflag;		/* Read/write from file */
151 static	int	rflag;		/* Read/write direct from disk */
152 static	int	tflag;		/* Format output as disktab */
153 	int	Cflag;		/* CHS format output */
154 static	int	Dflag;		/* Delete old labels (use with write) */
155 static	int	Iflag;		/* Read/write direct, but default if absent */
156 static	int	lflag;		/* List all known file system types and exit */
157 static	int	mflag;		/* Expect disk to contain an MBR */
158 static int verbose;
159 static int read_all;		/* set if op = READ && Aflag */
160 
161 static int write_label(int);
162 static int readlabel_direct(int);
163 static void writelabel_direct(int);
164 static int update_label(int, u_int, u_int);
165 static struct disklabel *find_label(int, u_int);
166 
167 static void		 makedisktab(FILE *, struct disklabel *);
168 static void		 makelabel(const char *, const char *);
169 static void		 l_perror(const char *);
170 static void		 readlabel(int);
171 static int		 edit(int);
172 static int		 editit(const char *);
173 static char		*skip(char *);
174 static char		*word(char *);
175 static int		 getasciilabel(FILE *, struct disklabel *);
176 static void		 usage(void);
177 static int		 qsort_strcmp(const void *, const void *);
178 static int		 getulong(const char *, char, char **,
179     unsigned long *, unsigned long);
180 #define GETNUM32(a, v)	getulong(a, '\0', NULL, v, UINT32_MAX)
181 #define GETNUM16(a, v)	getulong(a, '\0', NULL, v, UINT16_MAX)
182 #define GETNUM8(a, v)	getulong(a, '\0', NULL, v, UINT8_MAX)
183 
184 static int set_writable_fd = -1;
185 
186 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
187 #define GETLABELOFFSET()	LABELOFFSET
188 #define GETLABELSECTOR()	LABELSECTOR
189 #else /* HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H */
190 #define GETLABELOFFSET()	getlabeloffset()
191 #define GETLABELSECTOR()	getlabelsector()
192 #endif
193 
194 /* Default location for label - only used if we don't find one to update */
195 #define LABEL_OFFSET (dklabel_getlabelsector() * DEV_BSIZE + dklabel_getlabeloffset())
196 
197 /*
198  * For portability it doesn't make sense to use any other value....
199  * Except, maybe, the size of a physical sector.
200  * This value is used if we have to write a label to the start of an mbr ptn.
201  */
202 #ifndef	LABELOFFSET_MBR
203 #define	LABELOFFSET_MBR	512
204 #endif
205 
206 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
207 static int
208 opendisk(const char *path, int flags, char *buf, int buflen, int cooked)
209 {
210 	int f;
211 	f = open(path, flags, 0);
212 	strlcpy(buf, path, buflen);
213 	return f;
214 }
215 
216 static int
217 dk_ioctl(int f, void *arg)
218 {
219 	errno = ENOTTY;
220 	return -1;
221 }
222 #define dk_ioctl(f, cmd, arg) dk_ioctl(f, arg)
223 #else
224 #define dk_ioctl(f, cmd, arg) ioctl(f, cmd, arg)
225 #endif /* HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H */
226 
227 static daddr_t
228 dklabel_getlabelsector(void)
229 {
230 	unsigned long int nval;
231 	char *end;
232 	const char *val;
233 
234 	if ((val = getenv("DISKLABELSECTOR")) == NULL)
235 		return GETLABELSECTOR();
236 	if ((nval = strtoul(val, &end, 10)) == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)
237 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "DISKLABELSECTOR in environment");
238 	return nval;
239 }
240 
241 static off_t
242 dklabel_getlabeloffset(void)
243 {
244 	unsigned long int nval;
245 	char *end;
246 	const char *val;
247 
248 	if ((val = getenv("DISKLABELOFFSET")) == NULL)
249 		return GETLABELOFFSET();
250 	if ((nval = strtoul(val, &end, 10)) == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)
251 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "DISKLABELOFFSET in environment");
252 	return nval;
253 }
254 
255 static void
256 clear_writable(void)
257 {
258 	static int zero = 0;
259 	dk_ioctl(set_writable_fd, DIOCWLABEL, &zero);
260 }
261 
262 int
263 main(int argc, char *argv[])
264 {
265 	FILE	*t;
266 	int	 ch, f, error;
267 	char	*dkname;
268 	struct stat sb;
269 	int	 writable;
270 	enum {
271 		UNSPEC, EDIT, READ, RESTORE, SETWRITABLE, SETREADONLY,
272 		WRITE, INTERACT, DELETE
273 	} op = UNSPEC, old_op;
274 
275 #ifdef USE_MBR
276 	mflag = 1;
277 #endif
278 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
279 	/* We must avoid doing any ioctl requests */
280 	Fflag = rflag = 1;
281 #endif
282 
283 	error = 0;
284 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "ACDFINRWb:ef:ilmrs:tvw")) != -1) {
285 		old_op = op;
286 		switch (ch) {
287 		case 'A':	/* Action all labels */
288 			Aflag = 1;
289 			rflag = 1;
290 			break;
291 		case 'C':	/* Display in CHS format */
292 			Cflag = 1;
293 			break;
294 		case 'D':	/* Delete all existing labels */
295 			Dflag = 1;
296 			rflag = 1;
297 			break;
298 		case 'F':	/* Treat 'disk' as a regular file */
299 			Fflag = 1;
300 			rflag = 1;	/* Force direct access */
301 			break;
302 		case 'I':	/* Use default label if none found */
303 			Iflag = 1;
304 			rflag = 1;	/* Implies direct access */
305 			break;
306 		case 'R':	/* Restore label from text file */
307 			op = RESTORE;
308 			break;
309 		case 'N':	/* Disallow writes to label sector */
310 			op = SETREADONLY;
311 			break;
312 		case 'W':	/* Allow writes to label sector */
313 			op = SETWRITABLE;
314 			break;
315 		case 'e':	/* Edit label with $EDITOR */
316 			op = EDIT;
317 			break;
318 		case 'f':	/* Name of disktab file */
319 			if (setdisktab(optarg) == -1)
320 				usage();
321 			break;
322 		case 'i':	/* Edit using built-in editor */
323 			op = INTERACT;
324 			break;
325 		case 'l':	/* List all known file system types and exit */
326 			lflag = 1;
327 			break;
328 		case 'm':	/* Expect disk to have an MBR */
329 			mflag ^= 1;
330 			break;
331 		case 'r':	/* Read/write label directly from disk */
332 			rflag = 1;
333 			break;
334 		case 't':	/* Format output as a disktab entry */
335 			tflag = 1;
336 			break;
337 		case 'v':	/* verbose/diag output */
338 			verbose++;
339 			break;
340 		case 'w':	/* Write label based on disktab entry */
341 			op = WRITE;
342 			break;
343 		case '?':
344 		default:
345 			usage();
346 		}
347 		if (old_op != UNSPEC && old_op != op)
348 			usage();
349 	}
350 	argc -= optind;
351 	argv += optind;
352 
353 	if (lflag)
354 		exit(list_fs_types() ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE);
355 
356 	if (op == UNSPEC)
357 		op = Dflag ? DELETE : READ;
358 
359 	if (argc < 1)
360 		usage();
361 
362 	if (Iflag && op != EDIT && op != INTERACT)
363 		usage();
364 
365 	dkname = argv[0];
366 	f = opendisk(dkname, op == READ ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR,
367 		    specname, sizeof specname, 0);
368 	if (f < 0)
369 		err(4, "%s", specname);
370 
371 	if (!Fflag && fstat(f, &sb) == 0 && S_ISREG(sb.st_mode))
372 		Fflag = rflag = 1;
373 
374 	switch (op) {
375 
376 	case DELETE:	/* Remove all existing labels */
377 		if (argc != 1)
378 			usage();
379 		Dflag = 2;
380 		writelabel_direct(f);
381 		break;
382 
383 	case EDIT:
384 		if (argc != 1)
385 			usage();
386 		readlabel(f);
387 		error = edit(f);
388 		break;
389 
390 	case INTERACT:
391 		if (argc != 1)
392 			usage();
393 		readlabel(f);
394 		/*
395 		 * XXX: Fill some default values so checklabel does not fail
396 		 */
397 		if (lab.d_bbsize == 0)
398 			lab.d_bbsize = BBSIZE;
399 		if (lab.d_sbsize == 0)
400 			lab.d_sbsize = SBLOCKSIZE;
401 		interact(&lab, f);
402 		break;
403 
404 	case READ:
405 		if (argc != 1)
406 			usage();
407 		read_all = Aflag;
408 		readlabel(f);
409 		if (read_all)
410 			/* Label got printed in the bowels of readlabel */
411 			break;
412 		if (tflag)
413 			makedisktab(stdout, &lab);
414 		else {
415 			showinfo(stdout, &lab, specname);
416 			showpartitions(stdout, &lab, Cflag);
417 		}
418 		error = checklabel(&lab);
419 		if (error)
420 			error += 100;
421 		break;
422 
423 	case RESTORE:
424 		if (argc != 2)
425 			usage();
426 		if (!(t = fopen(argv[1], "r")))
427 			err(4, "%s", argv[1]);
428 		if (getasciilabel(t, &lab))
429 			error = write_label(f);
430 		else
431 			error = 1;
432 		break;
433 
434 	case SETREADONLY:
435 		writable = 0;
436 		goto do_diocwlabel;
437 	case SETWRITABLE:
438 		writable = 1;
439 	    do_diocwlabel:
440 		if (argc != 1)
441 			usage();
442 		if (dk_ioctl(f, DIOCWLABEL, &writable) < 0)
443 			err(4, "ioctl DIOCWLABEL");
444 		break;
445 
446 	case WRITE:	/* Create label from /etc/disktab entry & write */
447 		if (argc < 2 || argc > 3)
448 			usage();
449 		makelabel(argv[1], argv[2]);
450 		if (checklabel(&lab) == 0)
451 			error = write_label(f);
452 		else
453 			error = 1;
454 		break;
455 
456 	case UNSPEC:
457 		usage();
458 
459 	}
460 	exit(error);
461 }
462 
463 /*
464  * Construct a prototype disklabel from /etc/disktab.
465  */
466 static void
467 makelabel(const char *type, const char *name)
468 {
469 	struct disklabel *dp;
470 
471 	dp = getdiskbyname(type);
472 	if (dp == NULL)
473 		errx(1, "unknown disk type: %s", type);
474 	lab = *dp;
475 
476 	/* d_packname is union d_boot[01], so zero */
477 	(void)memset(lab.d_packname, 0, sizeof(lab.d_packname));
478 	if (name)
479 		(void)strncpy(lab.d_packname, name, sizeof(lab.d_packname));
480 }
481 
482 static int
483 write_label(int f)
484 {
485 	int writable;
486 
487 	lab.d_magic = DISKMAGIC;
488 	lab.d_magic2 = DISKMAGIC;
489 	lab.d_checksum = 0;
490 	lab.d_checksum = dkcksum(&lab);
491 
492 	if (rflag) {
493 		/* Write the label directly to the disk */
494 
495 		/*
496 		 * First set the kernel disk label,
497 		 * then write a label to the raw disk.
498 		 * If the SDINFO ioctl fails because it is unimplemented,
499 		 * keep going; otherwise, the kernel consistency checks
500 		 * may prevent us from changing the current (in-core)
501 		 * label.
502 		 */
503 		if (!Fflag && dk_ioctl(f, DIOCSDINFO, &lab) < 0 &&
504 		    errno != ENODEV && errno != ENOTTY) {
505 			l_perror("ioctl DIOCSDINFO");
506 			return (1);
507 		}
508 		/*
509 		 * write enable label sector before write (if necessary),
510 		 * disable after writing.
511 		 */
512 		writable = 1;
513 		if (!Fflag) {
514 			if (dk_ioctl(f, DIOCWLABEL, &writable) < 0)
515 				perror("ioctl DIOCWLABEL");
516 			set_writable_fd = f;
517 			atexit(clear_writable);
518 		}
519 
520 		writelabel_direct(f);
521 
522 		/*
523 		 * Now issue a DIOCWDINFO. This will let the kernel convert the
524 		 * disklabel to some machdep format if needed.
525 		 */
526 		/* XXX: This is stupid! */
527 		if (!Fflag && dk_ioctl(f, DIOCWDINFO, &lab) < 0) {
528 			l_perror("ioctl DIOCWDINFO");
529 			return (1);
530 		}
531 	} else {
532 		/* Get the kernel to write the label */
533 		if (dk_ioctl(f, DIOCWDINFO, &lab) < 0) {
534 			l_perror("ioctl DIOCWDINFO");
535 			return (1);
536 		}
537 	}
538 
539 #ifdef VAX_ALTLABELS
540 	if (lab.d_type == DTYPE_SMD && lab.d_flags & D_BADSECT &&
541 	    lab.d_secsize == 512) {
542 		/* Write the label to the odd sectors of the last track! */
543 		daddr_t	alt;
544 		int	i;
545 		uint8_t sec0[512];
546 
547 		if (pread(f, sec0, 512, 0) < 512) {
548 			warn("read master label to write alternates");
549 			return 0;
550 		}
551 
552 		alt = lab.d_ncylinders * lab.d_secpercyl - lab.d_nsectors;
553 		for (i = 1; i < 11 && (uint32_t)i < lab.d_nsectors; i += 2) {
554 			if (pwrite(f, sec0, 512, (off_t)(alt + i) * 512) < 512)
555 				warn("alternate label %d write", i/2);
556 		}
557 	}
558 #endif	/* VAX_ALTLABELS */
559 
560 	return 0;
561 }
562 
563 int
564 writelabel(int f, struct disklabel *lp)
565 {
566 	if (lp != &lab)
567 		lab = *lp;
568 	return write_label(f);
569 }
570 
571 static void
572 l_perror(const char *s)
573 {
574 
575 	switch (errno) {
576 
577 	case ESRCH:
578 		warnx("%s: No disk label on disk;\n"
579 		    "use \"disklabel -I\" to install initial label", s);
580 		break;
581 
582 	case EINVAL:
583 		warnx("%s: Label magic number or checksum is wrong!\n"
584 		    "(disklabel or kernel is out of date?)", s);
585 		break;
586 
587 	case EBUSY:
588 		warnx("%s: Open partition would move or shrink", s);
589 		break;
590 
591 	case EXDEV:
592 		warnx("%s: Labeled partition or 'a' partition must start"
593 		      " at beginning of disk", s);
594 		break;
595 
596 	default:
597 		warn("%s", s);
598 		break;
599 	}
600 }
601 
602 #ifdef NO_MBR_SUPPORT
603 #define process_mbr(f, action) 1
604 #else
605 /*
606  * Scan DOS/MBR partition table and extended partition list for NetBSD ptns.
607  */
608 static int
609 process_mbr(int f, int (*action)(int, u_int))
610 {
611 	struct mbr_partition *dp;
612 	struct mbr_sector mbr;
613 	int rval = 1, res;
614 	int part;
615 	u_int ext_base, next_ext, this_ext, start;
616 
617 	ext_base = 0;
618 	next_ext = 0;
619 	for (;;) {
620 		this_ext = next_ext;
621 		next_ext = 0;
622 		if (verbose > 1)
623 			warnx("reading mbr sector %u", this_ext);
624 		if (pread(f, &mbr, sizeof mbr, this_ext * (off_t)DEV_BSIZE)
625 		    != sizeof(mbr)) {
626 			if (verbose)
627 				warn("Can't read master boot record %d",
628 				    this_ext);
629 			break;
630 		}
631 
632 		/* Check if table is valid. */
633 		if (mbr.mbr_magic != htole16(MBR_MAGIC)) {
634 			if (verbose)
635 				warnx("Invalid signature in mbr record %d",
636 				    this_ext);
637 			break;
638 		}
639 
640 		dp = &mbr.mbr_parts[0];
641 
642 		/* Find NetBSD partition(s). */
643 		for (part = 0; part < MBR_PART_COUNT; dp++, part++) {
644 			start = le32toh(dp->mbrp_start);
645 			switch (dp->mbrp_type) {
646 #ifdef COMPAT_386BSD_MBRPART
647 			case MBR_PTYPE_386BSD:
648 				if (ext_base != 0)
649 					break;
650 				/* FALLTHROUGH */
651 #endif
652 			case MBR_PTYPE_NETBSD:
653 				res = action(f, this_ext + start);
654 				if (res <= 0)
655 					/* Found or failure */
656 					return res;
657 				if (res > rval)
658 					/* Keep largest value */
659 					rval = res;
660 				break;
661 			case MBR_PTYPE_EXT:
662 			case MBR_PTYPE_EXT_LBA:
663 			case MBR_PTYPE_EXT_LNX:
664 				next_ext = start;
665 				break;
666 			default:
667 				break;
668 			}
669 		}
670 		if (next_ext == 0)
671 			/* No more extended partitions */
672 			break;
673 		next_ext += ext_base;
674 		if (ext_base == 0)
675 			ext_base = next_ext;
676 
677 		if (next_ext <= this_ext) {
678 			if (verbose)
679 				warnx("Invalid extended chain %x <= %x",
680 					next_ext, this_ext);
681 			break;
682 		}
683 		/* Maybe we should check against the disk size... */
684 	}
685 
686 	return rval;
687 }
688 
689 static int
690 readlabel_mbr(int f, u_int sector)
691 {
692 	struct disklabel *disk_lp;
693 
694 	disk_lp = find_label(f, sector);
695 	if (disk_lp == NULL)
696 		return 1;
697 	targettohlabel(&lab, disk_lp);
698 	return 0;
699 }
700 
701 static int
702 writelabel_mbr(int f, u_int sector)
703 {
704 	return update_label(f, sector, mflag ? LABELOFFSET_MBR : ~0U) ? 2 : 0;
705 }
706 
707 #endif	/* !NO_MBR_SUPPORT */
708 
709 #ifndef USE_ACORN
710 #define get_filecore_partition(f) 0
711 #else
712 /*
713  * static int filecore_checksum(u_char *bootblock)
714  *
715  * Calculates the filecore boot block checksum. This is used to validate
716  * a filecore boot block on the disk.  If a boot block is validated then
717  * it is used to locate the partition table. If the boot block is not
718  * validated, it is assumed that the whole disk is NetBSD.
719  *
720  * The basic algorithm is:
721  *
722  *	for (each byte in block, excluding checksum) {
723  *		sum += byte;
724  *		if (sum > 255)
725  *			sum -= 255;
726  *	}
727  *
728  * That's equivalent to summing all of the bytes in the block
729  * (excluding the checksum byte, of course), then calculating the
730  * checksum as "cksum = sum - ((sum - 1) / 255) * 255)".  That
731  * expression may or may not yield a faster checksum function,
732  * but it's easier to reason about.
733  *
734  * Note that if you have a block filled with bytes of a single
735  * value "X" (regardless of that value!) and calculate the cksum
736  * of the block (excluding the checksum byte), you will _always_
737  * end up with a checksum of X.  (Do the math; that can be derived
738  * from the checksum calculation function!)  That means that
739  * blocks which contain bytes which all have the same value will
740  * always checksum properly.  That's a _very_ unlikely occurence
741  * (probably impossible, actually) for a valid filecore boot block,
742  * so we treat such blocks as invalid.
743  */
744 static int
745 filecore_checksum(u_char *bootblock)
746 {
747 	u_char	byte0, accum_diff;
748 	u_int	sum;
749 	int	i;
750 
751 	sum = 0;
752 	accum_diff = 0;
753 	byte0 = bootblock[0];
754 
755 	/*
756 	 * Sum the contents of the block, keeping track of whether
757 	 * or not all bytes are the same.  If 'accum_diff' ends up
758 	 * being zero, all of the bytes are, in fact, the same.
759 	 */
760 	for (i = 0; i < 511; ++i) {
761 		sum += bootblock[i];
762 		accum_diff |= bootblock[i] ^ byte0;
763 	}
764 
765 	/*
766 	 * Check to see if the checksum byte is the same as the
767 	 * rest of the bytes, too.  (Note that if all of the bytes
768 	 * are the same except the checksum, a checksum compare
769 	 * won't succeed, but that's not our problem.)
770 	 */
771 	accum_diff |= bootblock[i] ^ byte0;
772 
773 	/* All bytes in block are the same; call it invalid. */
774 	if (accum_diff == 0)
775 		return (-1);
776 
777 	return (sum - ((sum - 1) / 255) * 255);
778 }
779 
780 /*
781  * Check for the presence of a RiscOS filecore boot block
782  * indicating an ADFS file system on the disc.
783  * Return the offset to the NetBSD part of the disc if
784  * this can be determined.
785  * This routine will terminate disklabel if the disc
786  * is found to be ADFS only.
787  */
788 static u_int
789 get_filecore_partition(int f)
790 {
791 	struct filecore_bootblock	*fcbb;
792 	static u_char	bb[DEV_BSIZE];
793 	u_int		offset;
794 	struct riscix_partition_table	*riscix_part;
795 	int		loop;
796 
797 	if (pread(f, bb, sizeof(bb), (off_t)FILECORE_BOOT_SECTOR * DEV_BSIZE) != sizeof(bb))
798 		err(4, "can't read filecore boot block");
799 	fcbb = (struct filecore_bootblock *)bb;
800 
801 	/* Check if table is valid. */
802 	if (filecore_checksum(bb) != fcbb->checksum)
803 		return (0);
804 
805 	/*
806 	 * Check for NetBSD/arm32 (RiscBSD) partition marker.
807 	 * If found the NetBSD disklabel location is easy.
808 	 */
809 	offset = (fcbb->partition_cyl_low + (fcbb->partition_cyl_high << 8))
810 	    * fcbb->heads * fcbb->secspertrack;
811 
812 	switch (fcbb->partition_type) {
813 
814 	case PARTITION_FORMAT_RISCBSD:
815 		return (offset);
816 
817 	case PARTITION_FORMAT_RISCIX:
818 		/*
819 		 * Read the RISCiX partition table and search for the
820 		 * first partition named "RiscBSD", "NetBSD", or "Empty:"
821 		 *
822 		 * XXX is use of 'Empty:' really desirable?! -- cgd
823 		 */
824 
825 		if (pread(f, bb, sizeof(bb), (off_t)offset * DEV_BSIZE) != sizeof(bb))
826 			err(4, "can't read riscix partition table");
827 		riscix_part = (struct riscix_partition_table *)bb;
828 
829 		for (loop = 0; loop < NRISCIX_PARTITIONS; ++loop) {
830 			if (strcmp((char *)riscix_part->partitions[loop].rp_name,
831 				    "RiscBSD") == 0 ||
832 			    strcmp((char *)riscix_part->partitions[loop].rp_name,
833 				    "NetBSD") == 0 ||
834 			    strcmp((char *)riscix_part->partitions[loop].rp_name,
835 				    "Empty:") == 0) {
836 				return riscix_part->partitions[loop].rp_start;
837 				break;
838 			}
839 		}
840 		/*
841 		 * Valid filecore boot block, RISCiX partition table
842 		 * but no NetBSD partition. We should leave this
843 		 * disc alone.
844 		 */
845 		errx(4, "cannot label: no NetBSD partition found"
846 			" in RISCiX partition table");
847 
848 	default:
849 		/*
850 		 * Valid filecore boot block and no non-ADFS partition.
851 		 * This means that the whole disc is allocated for ADFS
852 		 * so do not trash ! If the user really wants to put a
853 		 * NetBSD disklabel on the disc then they should remove
854 		 * the filecore boot block first with dd.
855 		 */
856 		errx(4, "cannot label: filecore-only disk"
857 			" (no non-ADFS partition)");
858 	}
859 	return (0);
860 }
861 #endif	/* USE_ACORN */
862 
863 /*
864  * Fetch disklabel for disk to 'lab'.
865  * Use ioctl to get label unless -r flag is given.
866  */
867 static void
868 readlabel(int f)
869 {
870 	if (rflag) {
871 		/* Get label directly from disk */
872 		if (readlabel_direct(f) == 0)
873 			return;
874 		/*
875 		 * There was no label on the disk. Get the fictious one
876 		 * as a basis for initialisation.
877 		 */
878 		if (!Fflag && Iflag && (dk_ioctl(f, DIOCGDINFO, &lab) == 0 ||
879 		    dk_ioctl(f, DIOCGDEFLABEL, &lab) == 0))
880 			return;
881 	} else {
882 		/* Get label from kernel. */
883 		if (dk_ioctl(f, DIOCGDINFO, &lab) < 0)
884 			err(4, "ioctl DIOCGDINFO");
885 		return;
886 	}
887 
888 	if (read_all == 2)
889 		/* We actually found one, and printed it... */
890 		exit(0);
891 	errx(1, "could not read existing label");
892 }
893 
894 /*
895  * Reading the label from the disk is largely a case of 'hunt the label'.
896  * and since different architectures default to different places there
897  * could even be more than one label that contradict each other!
898  * For now we look in the expected place, then search through likely
899  * other locations.
900  */
901 static struct disklabel *
902 find_label(int f, u_int sector)
903 {
904 	struct disklabel *disk_lp, hlp;
905 	int i, offset;
906 	const char *is_deleted;
907 
908 	bootarea_len = pread(f, bootarea, sizeof bootarea,
909 	    sector * (off_t)DEV_BSIZE);
910 	if (bootarea_len <= 0) {
911 		if (verbose)
912 			warn("failed to read bootarea from sector %u", sector);
913 		return NULL;
914 	}
915 
916 	if (verbose > 2)
917 		warnx("read sector %u len %u looking for label",
918 		    sector, bootarea_len);
919 
920 	/* Check expected offset first */
921 	for (offset = LABEL_OFFSET, i = -4;; offset = i += 4) {
922 		is_deleted = "";
923 		disk_lp = (void *)(bootarea + offset);
924 		if (i == LABEL_OFFSET)
925 			continue;
926 		if ((char *)(disk_lp + 1) > bootarea + bootarea_len)
927 			break;
928 		if (disk_lp->d_magic2 != disk_lp->d_magic)
929 			continue;
930 		if (read_all && (disk_lp->d_magic == DISKMAGIC_DELETED ||
931 		    disk_lp->d_magic == DISKMAGIC_DELETED_REV)) {
932 			disk_lp->d_magic ^= ~0u;
933 			disk_lp->d_magic2 ^= ~0u;
934 			is_deleted = "deleted ";
935 		}
936 		if (target32toh(disk_lp->d_magic) != DISKMAGIC) {
937 			/* XXX: Do something about byte-swapped labels ? */
938 			if (target32toh(disk_lp->d_magic) == DISKMAGIC_REV &&
939 			    target32toh(disk_lp->d_magic2) == DISKMAGIC_REV)
940 				warnx("ignoring %sbyteswapped label"
941 				    " at offset %u from sector %u",
942 				    is_deleted, offset, sector);
943 			continue;
944 		}
945 		if (target16toh(disk_lp->d_npartitions) > MAXPARTITIONS ||
946 		    dkcksum_target(disk_lp) != 0) {
947 			if (verbose > 0)
948 				warnx("corrupt label found at offset %u in "
949 				    "sector %u", offset, sector);
950 			continue;
951 		}
952 		if (verbose > 1)
953 			warnx("%slabel found at offset %u from sector %u",
954 			    is_deleted, offset, sector);
955 		if (!read_all)
956 			return disk_lp;
957 
958 		/* To print all the labels we have to do it here */
959 		/* XXX: maybe we should compare them? */
960 		targettohlabel(&hlp, disk_lp);
961 		printf("# %ssector %u offset %u bytes\n",
962 		    is_deleted, sector, offset);
963 		if (tflag)
964 			makedisktab(stdout, &hlp);
965 		else {
966 			showinfo(stdout, &hlp, specname);
967 			showpartitions(stdout, &hlp, Cflag);
968 		}
969 		checklabel(&hlp);
970 		htotargetlabel(disk_lp, &hlp);
971 		/* Remember we've found a label */
972 		read_all = 2;
973 	}
974 	return NULL;
975 }
976 
977 static void
978 write_bootarea(int f, u_int sector)
979 {
980 	int wlen;
981 
982 	if (bootarea_len <= 0)
983 		errx(1, "attempting to write after failed read");
984 
985 #ifdef ALPHA_BOOTBLOCK_CKSUM
986 	/*
987 	 * The Alpha requires that the boot block be checksummed.
988 	 * <sys/bootblock.h> provides a macro to do it.
989 	 */
990 	if (sector == 0) {
991 		struct alpha_boot_block *bb;
992 
993 		bb = (struct alpha_boot_block *)(void *)bootarea;
994 		bb->bb_cksum = 0;
995 		ALPHA_BOOT_BLOCK_CKSUM(bb, &bb->bb_cksum);
996 	}
997 #endif	/* ALPHA_BOOTBLOCK_CKSUM */
998 
999 	wlen = pwrite(f, bootarea, bootarea_len, sector * (off_t)DEV_BSIZE);
1000 	if (wlen == bootarea_len)
1001 		return;
1002 	if (wlen == -1)
1003 		err(1, "disklabel write (sector %u) size %u failed",
1004 		    sector, bootarea_len);
1005 	errx(1, "disklabel write (sector %u) size %u truncated to %d",
1006 		    sector, bootarea_len, wlen);
1007 }
1008 
1009 static int
1010 update_label(int f, u_int label_sector, u_int label_offset)
1011 {
1012 	struct disklabel *disk_lp;
1013 
1014 	disk_lp = find_label(f, label_sector);
1015 
1016 	if (disk_lp && Dflag) {
1017 		/* Invalidate the existing label */
1018 		disk_lp->d_magic ^= ~0u;
1019 		disk_lp->d_magic2 ^= ~0u;
1020 		if (Dflag == 2)
1021 			write_bootarea(f, label_sector);
1022 		/* Force label to default location */
1023 		disk_lp = NULL;
1024 	}
1025 
1026 	if (Dflag == 2)
1027 		/* We are just deleting the label */
1028 		return 0;
1029 
1030 	if (disk_lp == NULL) {
1031 		if (label_offset == ~0u)
1032 			return 0;
1033 		/* Nothing on the disk - we need to add it */
1034 		disk_lp = (void *)(bootarea + label_offset);
1035 		if ((char *)(disk_lp + 1) > bootarea + bootarea_len)
1036 			errx(1, "no space in bootarea (sector %u) "
1037 			    "to create label", label_sector);
1038 	}
1039 
1040 	htotargetlabel(disk_lp, &lab);
1041 	write_bootarea(f, label_sector);
1042 	return 1;
1043 }
1044 
1045 static void
1046 writelabel_direct(int f)
1047 {
1048 	u_int label_sector;
1049 	int written = 0;
1050 	int rval;
1051 
1052 	label_sector = get_filecore_partition(f);
1053 	if (label_sector != 0)
1054 		/* The offset needs to be that from the acorn ports... */
1055 		written = update_label(f, label_sector, DEV_BSIZE);
1056 
1057 	rval = process_mbr(f, writelabel_mbr);
1058 
1059 	if (rval == 2 || written)
1060 		/* Don't add a label to sector 0, but update one if there */
1061 		update_label(f, 0, ~0u);
1062 	else
1063 		update_label(f, 0, LABEL_OFFSET);
1064 }
1065 
1066 static int
1067 readlabel_direct(int f)
1068 {
1069 	struct disklabel *disk_lp;
1070 	u_int filecore_partition_offset;
1071 
1072 	filecore_partition_offset = get_filecore_partition(f);
1073 	if (filecore_partition_offset != 0) {
1074 		disk_lp = find_label(f, filecore_partition_offset);
1075 		if (disk_lp != NULL) {
1076 			targettohlabel(&lab, disk_lp);
1077 			return 0;
1078 		}
1079 	}
1080 
1081 	if (mflag && process_mbr(f, readlabel_mbr) == 0)
1082 		return 0;
1083 
1084 	disk_lp = find_label(f, 0);
1085 	if (disk_lp != NULL) {
1086 		targettohlabel(&lab, disk_lp);
1087 		return 0;
1088 	}
1089 
1090 	if (!mflag && process_mbr(f, readlabel_mbr) == 0)
1091 		return 0;
1092 
1093 	return 1;
1094 }
1095 
1096 static void
1097 makedisktab(FILE *f, struct disklabel *lp)
1098 {
1099 	int	 i;
1100 	const char *did;
1101 	struct partition *pp;
1102 
1103 	did = "\\\n\t:";
1104 	(void) fprintf(f, "%.*s|Automatically generated label:\\\n\t:dt=",
1105 	    (int) sizeof(lp->d_typename), lp->d_typename);
1106 	if ((unsigned) lp->d_type < DKMAXTYPES)
1107 		(void) fprintf(f, "%s:", dktypenames[lp->d_type]);
1108 	else
1109 		(void) fprintf(f, "unknown%d:", lp->d_type);
1110 
1111 	(void) fprintf(f, "se#%d:", lp->d_secsize);
1112 	(void) fprintf(f, "ns#%d:", lp->d_nsectors);
1113 	(void) fprintf(f, "nt#%d:", lp->d_ntracks);
1114 	(void) fprintf(f, "sc#%d:", lp->d_secpercyl);
1115 	(void) fprintf(f, "nc#%d:", lp->d_ncylinders);
1116 
1117 	if ((lp->d_secpercyl * lp->d_ncylinders) != lp->d_secperunit) {
1118 		(void) fprintf(f, "%ssu#%d:", did, lp->d_secperunit);
1119 		did = "";
1120 	}
1121 	if (lp->d_rpm != 3600) {
1122 		(void) fprintf(f, "%srm#%d:", did, lp->d_rpm);
1123 		did = "";
1124 	}
1125 	if (lp->d_interleave != 1) {
1126 		(void) fprintf(f, "%sil#%d:", did, lp->d_interleave);
1127 		did = "";
1128 	}
1129 	if (lp->d_trackskew != 0) {
1130 		(void) fprintf(f, "%ssk#%d:", did, lp->d_trackskew);
1131 		did = "";
1132 	}
1133 	if (lp->d_cylskew != 0) {
1134 		(void) fprintf(f, "%scs#%d:", did, lp->d_cylskew);
1135 		did = "";
1136 	}
1137 	if (lp->d_headswitch != 0) {
1138 		(void) fprintf(f, "%shs#%d:", did, lp->d_headswitch);
1139 		did = "";
1140 	}
1141 	if (lp->d_trkseek != 0) {
1142 		(void) fprintf(f, "%sts#%d:", did, lp->d_trkseek);
1143 		did = "";
1144 	}
1145 #ifdef notyet
1146 	(void) fprintf(f, "drivedata: ");
1147 	for (i = NDDATA - 1; i >= 0; i--)
1148 		if (lp->d_drivedata[i])
1149 			break;
1150 	if (i < 0)
1151 		i = 0;
1152 	for (j = 0; j <= i; j++)
1153 		(void) fprintf(f, "%d ", lp->d_drivedata[j]);
1154 #endif	/* notyet */
1155 	pp = lp->d_partitions;
1156 	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++, pp++) {
1157 		if (pp->p_size) {
1158 			char c = 'a' + i;
1159 			(void) fprintf(f, "\\\n\t:");
1160 			(void) fprintf(f, "p%c#%d:", c, pp->p_size);
1161 			(void) fprintf(f, "o%c#%d:", c, pp->p_offset);
1162 			if (pp->p_fstype != FS_UNUSED) {
1163 				if ((unsigned) pp->p_fstype < FSMAXTYPES)
1164 					(void) fprintf(f, "t%c=%s:", c,
1165 					    fstypenames[pp->p_fstype]);
1166 				else
1167 					(void) fprintf(f, "t%c=unknown%d:",
1168 					    c, pp->p_fstype);
1169 			}
1170 			switch (pp->p_fstype) {
1171 
1172 			case FS_UNUSED:
1173 				break;
1174 
1175 			case FS_BSDFFS:
1176 			case FS_BSDLFS:
1177 			case FS_EX2FS:
1178 			case FS_ADOS:
1179 			case FS_APPLEUFS:
1180 				(void) fprintf(f, "b%c#%d:", c,
1181 				    pp->p_fsize * pp->p_frag);
1182 				(void) fprintf(f, "f%c#%d:", c, pp->p_fsize);
1183 				break;
1184 			default:
1185 				break;
1186 			}
1187 		}
1188 	}
1189 	(void) fprintf(f, "\n");
1190 	(void) fflush(f);
1191 }
1192 
1193 static int
1194 edit(int f)
1195 {
1196 	const char *tmpdir;
1197 	char	tmpfil[MAXPATHLEN];
1198 	int	 first, ch, fd;
1199 	int	get_ok;
1200 	FILE	*fp;
1201 
1202 	if ((tmpdir = getenv("TMPDIR")) == NULL)
1203 		tmpdir = _PATH_TMP;
1204 	(void)snprintf(tmpfil, sizeof(tmpfil), "%s/%s", tmpdir, TMPFILE);
1205 	if ((fd = mkstemp(tmpfil)) == -1 || (fp = fdopen(fd, "w")) == NULL) {
1206 		warn("%s", tmpfil);
1207 		return (1);
1208 	}
1209 	(void)fchmod(fd, 0600);
1210 	showinfo(fp, &lab, specname);
1211 	showpartitions(fp, &lab, Cflag);
1212 	(void) fclose(fp);
1213 	for (;;) {
1214 		if (!editit(tmpfil))
1215 			break;
1216 		fp = fopen(tmpfil, "r");
1217 		if (fp == NULL) {
1218 			warn("%s", tmpfil);
1219 			break;
1220 		}
1221 		(void) memset(&lab, 0, sizeof(lab));
1222 		get_ok = getasciilabel(fp, &lab);
1223 		fclose(fp);
1224 		if (get_ok && write_label(f) == 0) {
1225 			(void) unlink(tmpfil);
1226 			return (0);
1227 		}
1228 		(void) printf("re-edit the label? [y]: ");
1229 		(void) fflush(stdout);
1230 		first = ch = getchar();
1231 		while (ch != '\n' && ch != EOF)
1232 			ch = getchar();
1233 		if (first == 'n' || first == 'N')
1234 			break;
1235 	}
1236 	(void)unlink(tmpfil);
1237 	return (1);
1238 }
1239 
1240 static int
1241 editit(const char *tmpfil)
1242 {
1243 	int pid, xpid;
1244 	int status;
1245 	sigset_t nsigset, osigset;
1246 
1247 	sigemptyset(&nsigset);
1248 	sigaddset(&nsigset, SIGINT);
1249 	sigaddset(&nsigset, SIGQUIT);
1250 	sigaddset(&nsigset, SIGHUP);
1251 	sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &nsigset, &osigset);
1252 	while ((pid = fork()) < 0) {
1253 		if (errno != EAGAIN) {
1254 			sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &osigset, (sigset_t *)0);
1255 			warn("fork");
1256 			return (0);
1257 		}
1258 		sleep(1);
1259 	}
1260 	if (pid == 0) {
1261 		const char *ed;
1262 		char *buf;
1263 		int retval;
1264 
1265 		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &osigset, (sigset_t *)0);
1266 		setgid(getgid());
1267 		setuid(getuid());
1268 		if ((ed = getenv("EDITOR")) == (char *)0)
1269 			ed = DEFEDITOR;
1270 		/*
1271 		 * Jump through a few extra hoops in case someone's editor
1272 		 * is "editor arg1 arg2".
1273 		 */
1274 		asprintf(&buf, "%s %s", ed, tmpfil);
1275 		if (!buf)
1276 			err(1, "malloc");
1277 		retval = execlp(_PATH_BSHELL, _PATH_BSHELL, "-c", buf, NULL);
1278 		if (retval == -1)
1279 			perror(ed);
1280 		exit(retval);
1281 	}
1282 	while ((xpid = wait(&status)) >= 0)
1283 		if (xpid == pid)
1284 			break;
1285 	sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &osigset, (sigset_t *)0);
1286 	return (!status);
1287 }
1288 
1289 static char *
1290 skip(char *cp)
1291 {
1292 
1293 	cp += strspn(cp, " \t");
1294 	if (*cp == '\0')
1295 		return (NULL);
1296 	return (cp);
1297 }
1298 
1299 static char *
1300 word(char *cp)
1301 {
1302 
1303 	if (cp == NULL || *cp == '\0')
1304 		return (NULL);
1305 
1306 	cp += strcspn(cp, " \t");
1307 	if (*cp == '\0')
1308 		return (NULL);
1309 	*cp++ = '\0';
1310 	cp += strspn(cp, " \t");
1311 	if (*cp == '\0')
1312 		return (NULL);
1313 	return (cp);
1314 }
1315 
1316 #define _CHECKLINE \
1317 	if (tp == NULL || *tp == '\0') {			\
1318 		warnx("line %d: too few fields", lineno);	\
1319 		errors++;					\
1320 		break;						\
1321 	}
1322 
1323 #define __CHECKLINE \
1324 	if (*tp == NULL || **tp == '\0') {			\
1325 		warnx("line %d: too few fields", lineno);	\
1326 		*tp = _error_;					\
1327 		return 0;					\
1328 	}
1329 
1330 static char _error_[] = "";
1331 #define NXTNUM(n)	if ((n = nxtnum(&tp, lineno),0) + tp != _error_) \
1332 			; else goto error
1333 #define NXTXNUM(n)	if ((n = nxtxnum(&tp, lp, lineno),0) + tp != _error_) \
1334 			; else goto error
1335 
1336 static unsigned long
1337 nxtnum(char **tp, int lineno)
1338 {
1339 	char *cp;
1340 	unsigned long v;
1341 
1342 	__CHECKLINE
1343 	if (getulong(*tp, '\0', &cp, &v, UINT32_MAX) != 0) {
1344 		warnx("line %d: syntax error", lineno);
1345 		*tp = _error_;
1346 		return 0;
1347 	}
1348 	*tp = cp;
1349 	return v;
1350 }
1351 
1352 static unsigned long
1353 nxtxnum(char **tp, struct disklabel *lp, int lineno)
1354 {
1355 	char	*cp, *ncp;
1356 	unsigned long n, v;
1357 
1358 	__CHECKLINE
1359 	cp = *tp;
1360 	if (getulong(cp, '/', &ncp, &n, UINT32_MAX) != 0)
1361 		goto bad;
1362 
1363 	if (*ncp == '/') {
1364 		n *= lp->d_secpercyl;
1365 		cp = ncp + 1;
1366 		if (getulong(cp, '/', &ncp, &v, UINT32_MAX) != 0)
1367 			goto bad;
1368 		n += v * lp->d_nsectors;
1369 		cp = ncp + 1;
1370 		if (getulong(cp, '\0', &ncp, &v, UINT32_MAX) != 0)
1371 			goto bad;
1372 		n += v;
1373 	}
1374 	*tp = ncp;
1375 	return n;
1376 bad:
1377 	warnx("line %d: invalid format", lineno);
1378 	*tp = _error_;
1379 	return 0;
1380 }
1381 
1382 /*
1383  * Read an ascii label in from fd f,
1384  * in the same format as that put out by showinfo() and showpartitions(),
1385  * and fill in lp.
1386  */
1387 static int
1388 getasciilabel(FILE *f, struct disklabel *lp)
1389 {
1390 	const char *const *cpp, *s;
1391 	struct partition *pp;
1392 	char	*cp, *tp, line[BUFSIZ], tbuf[15];
1393 	int	 lineno, errors;
1394 	unsigned long v;
1395 	unsigned int part;
1396 
1397 	lineno = 0;
1398 	errors = 0;
1399 	lp->d_bbsize = BBSIZE;				/* XXX */
1400 	lp->d_sbsize = SBLOCKSIZE;			/* XXX */
1401 	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line) - 1, f)) {
1402 		lineno++;
1403 		if ((cp = strpbrk(line, "#\r\n")) != NULL)
1404 			*cp = '\0';
1405 		cp = skip(line);
1406 		if (cp == NULL)     /* blank line or comment line */
1407 			continue;
1408 		tp = strchr(cp, ':'); /* everything has a colon in it */
1409 		if (tp == NULL) {
1410 			warnx("line %d: syntax error", lineno);
1411 			errors++;
1412 			continue;
1413 		}
1414 		*tp++ = '\0', tp = skip(tp);
1415 		if (!strcmp(cp, "type")) {
1416 			if (tp == NULL) {
1417 				strlcpy(tbuf, "unknown", sizeof(tbuf));
1418 				tp = tbuf;
1419 			}
1420 			cpp = dktypenames;
1421 			for (; cpp < &dktypenames[DKMAXTYPES]; cpp++)
1422 				if ((s = *cpp) && !strcasecmp(s, tp)) {
1423 					lp->d_type = cpp - dktypenames;
1424 					goto next;
1425 				}
1426 			if (GETNUM16(tp, &v) != 0) {
1427 				warnx("line %d: syntax error", lineno);
1428 				errors++;
1429 				continue;
1430 			}
1431 			if (v >= DKMAXTYPES)
1432 				warnx("line %d: warning, unknown disk type: %s",
1433 				    lineno, tp);
1434 			lp->d_type = v;
1435 			continue;
1436 		}
1437 		if (!strcmp(cp, "flags")) {
1438 			for (v = 0; (cp = tp) && *cp != '\0';) {
1439 				tp = word(cp);
1440 				if (!strcasecmp(cp, "removable"))
1441 					v |= D_REMOVABLE;
1442 				else if (!strcasecmp(cp, "ecc"))
1443 					v |= D_ECC;
1444 				else if (!strcasecmp(cp, "badsect"))
1445 					v |= D_BADSECT;
1446 				else {
1447 					warnx("line %d: bad flag: %s",
1448 					    lineno, cp);
1449 					errors++;
1450 				}
1451 			}
1452 			lp->d_flags = v;
1453 			continue;
1454 		}
1455 		if (!strcmp(cp, "drivedata")) {
1456 			int i;
1457 
1458 			for (i = 0; (cp = tp) && *cp != '\0' && i < NDDATA;) {
1459 				if (GETNUM32(cp, &v) != 0) {
1460 					warnx("line %d: bad drive data",
1461 					    lineno);
1462 					errors++;
1463 				} else
1464 					lp->d_drivedata[i] = v;
1465 				i++;
1466 				tp = word(cp);
1467 			}
1468 			continue;
1469 		}
1470 		if (sscanf(cp, "%lu partitions", &v) == 1) {
1471 			if (v == 0 || v > MAXPARTITIONS) {
1472 				warnx("line %d: bad # of partitions", lineno);
1473 				lp->d_npartitions = MAXPARTITIONS;
1474 				errors++;
1475 			} else
1476 				lp->d_npartitions = v;
1477 			continue;
1478 		}
1479 		if (tp == NULL) {
1480 			tbuf[0] = '\0';
1481 			tp = tbuf;
1482 		}
1483 		if (!strcmp(cp, "disk")) {
1484 			strncpy(lp->d_typename, tp, sizeof(lp->d_typename));
1485 			continue;
1486 		}
1487 		if (!strcmp(cp, "label")) {
1488 			strncpy(lp->d_packname, tp, sizeof(lp->d_packname));
1489 			continue;
1490 		}
1491 		if (!strcmp(cp, "bytes/sector")) {
1492 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0 || v <= 0 || (v % 512) != 0) {
1493 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1494 				errors++;
1495 			} else
1496 				lp->d_secsize = v;
1497 			continue;
1498 		}
1499 		if (!strcmp(cp, "sectors/track")) {
1500 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0) {
1501 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1502 				errors++;
1503 			} else
1504 				lp->d_nsectors = v;
1505 			continue;
1506 		}
1507 		if (!strcmp(cp, "sectors/cylinder")) {
1508 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0) {
1509 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1510 				errors++;
1511 			} else
1512 				lp->d_secpercyl = v;
1513 			continue;
1514 		}
1515 		if (!strcmp(cp, "tracks/cylinder")) {
1516 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0) {
1517 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1518 				errors++;
1519 			} else
1520 				lp->d_ntracks = v;
1521 			continue;
1522 		}
1523 		if (!strcmp(cp, "cylinders")) {
1524 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0) {
1525 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1526 				errors++;
1527 			} else
1528 				lp->d_ncylinders = v;
1529 			continue;
1530 		}
1531 		if (!strcmp(cp, "total sectors") ||
1532 		    !strcmp(cp, "sectors/unit")) {
1533 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0) {
1534 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1535 				errors++;
1536 			} else
1537 				lp->d_secperunit = v;
1538 			continue;
1539 		}
1540 		if (!strcmp(cp, "rpm")) {
1541 			if (GETNUM16(tp, &v) != 0) {
1542 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1543 				errors++;
1544 			} else
1545 				lp->d_rpm = v;
1546 			continue;
1547 		}
1548 		if (!strcmp(cp, "interleave")) {
1549 			if (GETNUM16(tp, &v) != 0) {
1550 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1551 				errors++;
1552 			} else
1553 				lp->d_interleave = v;
1554 			continue;
1555 		}
1556 		if (!strcmp(cp, "trackskew")) {
1557 			if (GETNUM16(tp, &v) != 0) {
1558 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1559 				errors++;
1560 			} else
1561 				lp->d_trackskew = v;
1562 			continue;
1563 		}
1564 		if (!strcmp(cp, "cylinderskew")) {
1565 			if (GETNUM16(tp, &v) != 0) {
1566 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1567 				errors++;
1568 			} else
1569 				lp->d_cylskew = v;
1570 			continue;
1571 		}
1572 		if (!strcmp(cp, "headswitch")) {
1573 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0) {
1574 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1575 				errors++;
1576 			} else
1577 				lp->d_headswitch = v;
1578 			continue;
1579 		}
1580 		if (!strcmp(cp, "track-to-track seek")) {
1581 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0) {
1582 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1583 				errors++;
1584 			} else
1585 				lp->d_trkseek = v;
1586 			continue;
1587 		}
1588 		if ('a' > *cp || *cp > 'z' || cp[1] != '\0') {
1589 			warnx("line %d: unknown field: %s", lineno, cp);
1590 			errors++;
1591 			continue;
1592 		}
1593 
1594 		/* We have a partition entry */
1595 		part = *cp - 'a';
1596 
1597 		if (part >= MAXPARTITIONS) {
1598 			warnx("line %d: bad partition name: %s", lineno, cp);
1599 			errors++;
1600 			continue;
1601 		}
1602 		pp = &lp->d_partitions[part];
1603 
1604 		NXTXNUM(pp->p_size);
1605 		NXTXNUM(pp->p_offset);
1606 		/* can't use word() here because of blanks in fstypenames[] */
1607 		tp += strspn(tp, " \t");
1608 		_CHECKLINE
1609 		cp = tp;
1610 		cpp = fstypenames;
1611 		for (; cpp < &fstypenames[FSMAXTYPES]; cpp++) {
1612 			s = *cpp;
1613 			if (s == NULL ||
1614 				(cp[strlen(s)] != ' ' &&
1615 				 cp[strlen(s)] != '\t' &&
1616 				 cp[strlen(s)] != '\0'))
1617 				continue;
1618 			if (!memcmp(s, cp, strlen(s))) {
1619 				pp->p_fstype = cpp - fstypenames;
1620 				tp += strlen(s);
1621 				if (*tp == '\0')
1622 					tp = NULL;
1623 				else {
1624 					tp += strspn(tp, " \t");
1625 					if (*tp == '\0')
1626 						tp = NULL;
1627 				}
1628 				goto gottype;
1629 			}
1630 		}
1631 		tp = word(cp);
1632 		if (isdigit(*cp & 0xff)) {
1633 			if (GETNUM8(cp, &v) != 0) {
1634 				warnx("line %d: syntax error", lineno);
1635 				errors++;
1636 			}
1637 		} else
1638 			v = FSMAXTYPES;
1639 		if ((unsigned)v >= FSMAXTYPES) {
1640 			warnx("line %d: warning, unknown file system type: %s",
1641 			    lineno, cp);
1642 			warnx("tip: use -l to see all valid file system "
1643 			    "types");
1644 			v = FS_UNUSED;
1645 		}
1646 		pp->p_fstype = v;
1647 gottype:
1648 		switch (pp->p_fstype) {
1649 
1650 		case FS_UNUSED:				/* XXX */
1651 			NXTNUM(pp->p_fsize);
1652 			if (pp->p_fsize == 0)
1653 				break;
1654 			NXTNUM(v);
1655 			pp->p_frag = v / pp->p_fsize;
1656 			break;
1657 
1658 		case FS_BSDFFS:
1659 		case FS_ADOS:
1660 		case FS_APPLEUFS:
1661 			NXTNUM(pp->p_fsize);
1662 			if (pp->p_fsize == 0)
1663 				break;
1664 			NXTNUM(v);
1665 			pp->p_frag = v / pp->p_fsize;
1666 			NXTNUM(pp->p_cpg);
1667 			break;
1668 		case FS_BSDLFS:
1669 			NXTNUM(pp->p_fsize);
1670 			if (pp->p_fsize == 0)
1671 				break;
1672 			NXTNUM(v);
1673 			pp->p_frag = v / pp->p_fsize;
1674 			NXTNUM(pp->p_sgs);
1675 			break;
1676 		case FS_EX2FS:
1677 			NXTNUM(pp->p_fsize);
1678 			if (pp->p_fsize == 0)
1679 				break;
1680 			NXTNUM(v);
1681 			pp->p_frag = v / pp->p_fsize;
1682 			break;
1683 		case FS_ISO9660:
1684 			NXTNUM(pp->p_cdsession);
1685 			break;
1686 		default:
1687 			break;
1688 		}
1689 		continue;
1690  error:
1691 		errors++;
1692  next:
1693 		;
1694 	}
1695 	errors += checklabel(lp);
1696 	return (errors == 0);
1697 }
1698 
1699 /*
1700  * Check disklabel for errors and fill in
1701  * derived fields according to supplied values.
1702  */
1703 int
1704 checklabel(struct disklabel *lp)
1705 {
1706 	struct partition *pp, *qp;
1707 	int	i, j, errors;
1708 	char	part;
1709 
1710 	errors = 0;
1711 	if (lp->d_secsize == 0) {
1712 		warnx("sector size %d", lp->d_secsize);
1713 		return (1);
1714 	}
1715 	if (lp->d_nsectors == 0) {
1716 		warnx("sectors/track %d", lp->d_nsectors);
1717 		return (1);
1718 	}
1719 	if (lp->d_ntracks == 0) {
1720 		warnx("tracks/cylinder %d", lp->d_ntracks);
1721 		return (1);
1722 	}
1723 	if  (lp->d_ncylinders == 0) {
1724 		warnx("cylinders/unit %d", lp->d_ncylinders);
1725 		errors++;
1726 	}
1727 	if (lp->d_rpm == 0)
1728 		warnx("warning, revolutions/minute %d", lp->d_rpm);
1729 	if (lp->d_secpercyl == 0)
1730 		lp->d_secpercyl = lp->d_nsectors * lp->d_ntracks;
1731 	if (lp->d_secperunit == 0)
1732 		lp->d_secperunit = lp->d_secpercyl * lp->d_ncylinders;
1733 	if (lp->d_bbsize == 0) {
1734 		warnx("boot block size %d", lp->d_bbsize);
1735 		errors++;
1736 	} else if (lp->d_bbsize % lp->d_secsize)
1737 		warnx("warning, boot block size %% sector-size != 0");
1738 	if (lp->d_sbsize == 0) {
1739 		warnx("super block size %d", lp->d_sbsize);
1740 		errors++;
1741 	} else if (lp->d_sbsize % lp->d_secsize)
1742 		warnx("warning, super block size %% sector-size != 0");
1743 	if (lp->d_npartitions > MAXPARTITIONS)
1744 		warnx("warning, number of partitions (%d) > MAXPARTITIONS (%d)",
1745 		    lp->d_npartitions, MAXPARTITIONS);
1746 	else
1747 		for (i = MAXPARTITIONS - 1; i >= lp->d_npartitions; i--) {
1748 			part = 'a' + i;
1749 			pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1750 			if (pp->p_size || pp->p_offset) {
1751 				warnx("warning, partition %c increased "
1752 				    "number of partitions from %d to %d",
1753 				    part, lp->d_npartitions, i + 1);
1754 				lp->d_npartitions = i + 1;
1755 				break;
1756 			}
1757 		}
1758 	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
1759 		part = 'a' + i;
1760 		pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1761 		if (pp->p_size == 0 && pp->p_offset != 0)
1762 			warnx("warning, partition %c: size 0, but offset %d",
1763 			    part, pp->p_offset);
1764 #ifdef STRICT_CYLINDER_ALIGNMENT
1765 		if (pp->p_offset % lp->d_secpercyl) {
1766 			warnx("warning, partition %c:"
1767 			    " not starting on cylinder boundary",
1768 			    part);
1769 			errors++;
1770 		}
1771 #endif	/* STRICT_CYLINDER_ALIGNMENT */
1772 		if (pp->p_offset > lp->d_secperunit) {
1773 			warnx("partition %c: offset past end of unit", part);
1774 			errors++;
1775 		}
1776 		if (pp->p_offset + pp->p_size > lp->d_secperunit) {
1777 			warnx("partition %c: partition extends"
1778 			    " past end of unit",
1779 			    part);
1780 			errors++;
1781 		}
1782 		if (pp->p_fstype != FS_UNUSED)
1783 			for (j = i + 1; j < lp->d_npartitions; j++) {
1784 				qp = &lp->d_partitions[j];
1785 				if (qp->p_fstype == FS_UNUSED)
1786 					continue;
1787 				if (pp->p_offset < qp->p_offset + qp->p_size &&
1788 				    qp->p_offset < pp->p_offset + pp->p_size)
1789 					warnx("partitions %c and %c overlap",
1790 					    part, 'a' + j);
1791 			}
1792 	}
1793 	return (errors);
1794 }
1795 
1796 static void
1797 usage(void)
1798 {
1799 	static const struct {
1800 		const char *name;
1801 		const char *expn;
1802 	} usages[] = {
1803 	{ "[-ACFrtv] disk", "(to read label)" },
1804 	{ "-w [-DFrv] [-f disktab] disk disktype [packid]", "(to write label)" },
1805 	{ "-e [-CDFIrv] disk", "(to edit label)" },
1806 	{ "-i [-DFIrv] disk", "(to create a label interactively)" },
1807 	{ "-D [-v] disk", "(to delete existing label(s))" },
1808 	{ "-R [-DFrv] disk protofile", "(to restore label)" },
1809 	{ "[-NW] disk", "(to write disable/enable label)" },
1810 	{ "-l", "(to show all known file system types)" },
1811 	{ NULL, NULL }
1812 	};
1813 	int i;
1814 	const char *pn = getprogname();
1815 	const char *t = "usage:";
1816 
1817 	for (i = 0; usages[i].name != NULL; i++) {
1818 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s %s %s\n\t%s\n",
1819 		    t, pn, usages[i].name, usages[i].expn);
1820 		t = "or";
1821 	}
1822 	exit(1);
1823 }
1824 
1825 static int
1826 getulong(const char *str, char sep, char **epp, unsigned long *ul,
1827     unsigned long max)
1828 {
1829 	char *ep;
1830 
1831 	if (epp == NULL)
1832 		epp = &ep;
1833 
1834 	*ul = strtoul(str, epp, 10);
1835 
1836 	if ((*ul ==  ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE) || *ul > max)
1837 		return ERANGE;
1838 
1839 	if (*str == '\0' || (**epp != '\0' && **epp != sep &&
1840 	    !isspace((unsigned char)**epp)))
1841 		return EFTYPE;
1842 
1843 	return 0;
1844 }
1845 
1846 /*
1847  * This is a wrapper over the standard strcmp function to be used with
1848  * qsort on an array of pointers to strings.
1849  */
1850 static int
1851 qsort_strcmp(const void *v1, const void *v2)
1852 {
1853 	const char *const *sp1 = (const char *const *)v1;
1854 	const char *const *sp2 = (const char *const *)v2;
1855 
1856 	return strcmp(*sp1, *sp2);
1857 }
1858 
1859 /*
1860  * Prints all know file system types for a partition.
1861  * Returns 1 on success, 0 on failure.
1862  */
1863 int
1864 list_fs_types(void)
1865 {
1866 	int ret;
1867 	size_t nelems;
1868 
1869 	nelems = 0;
1870 	{
1871 		const char *const *namep;
1872 
1873 		namep = fstypenames;
1874 		while (*namep++ != NULL)
1875 			nelems++;
1876 	}
1877 
1878 	ret = 1;
1879 	if (nelems > 0) {
1880 		const char **list;
1881 		size_t i;
1882 
1883 		list = (const char **)malloc(sizeof(char *) * nelems);
1884 		if (list == NULL) {
1885 			warnx("sorry, could not allocate memory for list");
1886 			ret = 0;
1887 		} else {
1888 			for (i = 0; i < nelems; i++)
1889 				list[i] = fstypenames[i];
1890 
1891 			qsort(list, nelems, sizeof(char *), qsort_strcmp);
1892 
1893 			for (i = 0; i < nelems; i++)
1894 				(void)printf("%s\n", list[i]);
1895 
1896 			free(list);
1897 		}
1898 	}
1899 
1900 	return ret;
1901 }
1902