xref: /netbsd-src/sbin/disklabel/main.c (revision 7d3af8c6a2070d16ec6d1aef203d052d6683100d)
1 /*	$NetBSD: main.c,v 1.35 2013/05/15 00:47:43 christos Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 2006 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Julio M. Merino Vidal.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
20  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
21  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
22  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
23  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
24  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
25  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
26  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
27  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
28  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
29  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 /*
33  * Copyright (c) 1987, 1993
34  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
35  *
36  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
37  * Symmetric Computer Systems.
38  *
39  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
40  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
41  * are met:
42  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
43  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
44  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
45  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
46  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
47  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
48  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
49  *    without specific prior written permission.
50  *
51  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
52  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
53  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
54  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
55  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
56  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
57  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
58  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
59  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
60  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
61  * SUCH DAMAGE.
62  */
63 
64 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
65 #include "nbtool_config.h"
66 #endif
67 
68 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
69 #ifndef lint
70 __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1987, 1993\
71  The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.");
72 #endif	/* not lint */
73 
74 #ifndef lint
75 #if 0
76 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)disklabel.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 5/4/95";
77 /* from static char sccsid[] = "@(#)disklabel.c	1.2 (Symmetric) 11/28/85"; */
78 #else
79 __RCSID("$NetBSD: main.c,v 1.35 2013/05/15 00:47:43 christos Exp $");
80 #endif
81 #endif	/* not lint */
82 
83 #include <sys/param.h>
84 #include <sys/file.h>
85 #include <sys/stat.h>
86 #include <sys/wait.h>
87 #define DKTYPENAMES
88 #define FSTYPENAMES
89 
90 #include <ctype.h>
91 #include <err.h>
92 #include <errno.h>
93 #include <signal.h>
94 #include <string.h>
95 #include <stdio.h>
96 #include <stdlib.h>
97 #include <limits.h>
98 #include <unistd.h>
99 
100 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
101 #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
102 
103 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
104 #include <nbinclude/sys/disklabel.h>
105 #include <nbinclude/sys/disklabel_acorn.h>
106 #include <nbinclude/sys/bootblock.h>
107 #include "../../include/disktab.h"
108 #else
109 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
110 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
111 #include <sys/disklabel_acorn.h>
112 #include <sys/bootblock.h>
113 #include <util.h>
114 #include <disktab.h>
115 #endif /* HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H */
116 
117 #include "pathnames.h"
118 #include "extern.h"
119 #include "dkcksum.h"
120 #include "bswap.h"
121 
122 /*
123  * Disklabel: read and write disklabels.
124  * The label is usually placed on one of the first sectors of the disk.
125  * Many machines also place a bootstrap in the same area,
126  * in which case the label is embedded in the bootstrap.
127  * The bootstrap source must leave space at the proper offset
128  * for the label on such machines.
129  */
130 
131 #ifndef BBSIZE
132 #define	BBSIZE	8192			/* size of boot area, with label */
133 #endif
134 
135 #define DISKMAGIC_REV		bswap32(DISKMAGIC)
136 /* To delete a label, we just invert the magic numbers */
137 #define DISKMAGIC_DELETED	(~DISKMAGIC)
138 #define DISKMAGIC_DELETED_REV	bswap32(~DISKMAGIC)
139 
140 #define	DEFEDITOR	_PATH_VI
141 
142 char	specname[MAXPATHLEN];
143 
144 /* Some global data, all too hard to pass about */
145 char bootarea[BBSIZE];			/* Buffer matching part of disk */
146 int bootarea_len;			/* Number of bytes we actually read */
147 static struct	disklabel lab;		/* The label we have updated */
148 
149 static	int	Aflag;		/* Action all labels */
150 static	int	Fflag;		/* Read/write from file */
151 static	int	rflag;		/* Read/write direct from disk */
152 static	int	tflag;		/* Format output as disktab */
153 	int	Cflag;		/* CHS format output */
154 static	int	Dflag;		/* Delete old labels (use with write) */
155 static	int	Iflag;		/* Read/write direct, but default if absent */
156 static	int	lflag;		/* List all known file system types and exit */
157 static	int	mflag;		/* Expect disk to contain an MBR */
158 static int verbose;
159 static int read_all;		/* set if op = READ && Aflag */
160 
161 static int write_label(int);
162 static int readlabel_direct(int);
163 static void writelabel_direct(int);
164 static int update_label(int, u_int, u_int);
165 static struct disklabel *find_label(int, u_int);
166 static void getmachineparams(const char *);
167 
168 static void		 makedisktab(FILE *, struct disklabel *);
169 static void		 makelabel(const char *, const char *);
170 static void		 l_perror(const char *);
171 static void		 readlabel(int);
172 static int		 edit(int);
173 static int		 editit(const char *);
174 static char		*skip(char *);
175 static char		*word(char *);
176 static int		 getasciilabel(FILE *, struct disklabel *);
177 __dead static void	 usage(void);
178 static int		 qsort_strcmp(const void *, const void *);
179 static int		 getulong(const char *, char, char **,
180     unsigned long *, unsigned long);
181 #define GETNUM32(a, v)	getulong(a, '\0', NULL, v, UINT32_MAX)
182 #define GETNUM16(a, v)	getulong(a, '\0', NULL, v, UINT16_MAX)
183 #define GETNUM8(a, v)	getulong(a, '\0', NULL, v, UINT8_MAX)
184 
185 static int set_writable_fd = -1;
186 
187 static u_int labeloffset;
188 static u_int labelsector;
189 static int labelusesmbr;
190 u_int maxpartitions;
191 static int byteorder;
192 
193 static int biendian_p;
194 #ifndef HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
195 static int native_p = 1;
196 #endif
197 int bswap_p;
198 
199 static const struct disklabel_params {
200 	const char *machine;
201 	int labelusesmbr;
202 	u_int labelsector;
203 	u_int labeloffset;
204 	u_int maxpartitions;
205 	u_int raw_part;
206 	u_int oldmaxpartitions;
207 	int byteorder;
208 } disklabel_params[] = {
209 	{ "mvme68k",	0, 0,   0,  8, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* m68k */
210 	{ "next68k",	0, 0,   0,  8, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* m68k */
211 
212 	{ "algor",	0, 0,  64,  8, 2, 0, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* mips */
213 	{ "alpha",	0, 0,  64,  8, 2, 0, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* alpha */
214 	{ "luna68k",	0, 0,  64,  8, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* m68k */
215 	{ "mac68k",	0, 0,  64,  8, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* m68k */
216 	{ "news68k",	0, 0,  64,  8, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* m68k */
217 	{ "newsmips",	0, 0,  64,  8, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* mips */
218 	{ "pmax",	0, 0,  64,  8, 2, 0, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* mips */
219 	{ "sun2",	0, 0,  64,  8, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* m68k */
220 	{ "sun68k",	0, 0,  64,  8, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* m68010 */
221 	{ "x68k",	0, 0,  64,  8, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* m68010 */
222 
223 	{ "vax",	0, 0,  64, 12, 2, 8, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* vax */
224 
225 	{ "amiga",	0, 0,  64, 16, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* m68k */
226 	{ "amigappc",	0, 0,  64, 16, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* powerpc */
227 	{ "evbmips",	0, 0,  64, 16, 2, 0, 0 },		/* mips */
228 	{ "evbppc",	0, 0,  64, 16, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* powerpc */
229 
230 	{ "sparc",	0, 0, 128,  8, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* sun */
231 	{ "sparc64",	0, 0, 128,  8, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* sun */
232 	{ "sun3",	0, 0, 128,  8, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* sun */
233 
234 	{ "atari",	0, 0, 516, 16, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* m68k */
235 
236 	{ "mipsco",	0, 1,   0,  8, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* mips */
237 	{ "mvmeppc",	0, 1,   0,  8, 3, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* powerpc */
238 
239 	{ "bebox",	0, 1,   0,  8, 3, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* powerpc */
240 
241 	{ "emips",	0, 1,   0, 16, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* mips */
242 	{ "hp700",	0, 1,   0, 16, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* hppa */
243 	{ "ibmnws",	0, 1,   0, 16, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* powerpc */
244 	{ "ofppc",	0, 1,   0, 16, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* powerpc */
245 	{ "rs6000",	0, 1,   0, 16, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* powerpc */
246 	{ "sandpoint",	0, 1,   0, 16, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* powerpc */
247 	{ "sgimips",	0, 1,   0, 16, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* mips */
248 
249 	{ "sbmips",	0, 1,   0, 16, 3, 0, 0 },	/* mips */
250 
251 	{ "cesfic",	0, 2,   0,  8, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* m68k */
252 	{ "hp300",	0, 2,   0,  8, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* m68k */
253 
254 	{ "ews4800mips",0, 9,   0, 16, 15, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* mips */
255 
256 	{ "macppc",	1, 0,  64, 16, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* powerpc */
257 	{ "pmon",	1, 0,  64, 16, 2, 0, 0 },		/* evbmips */
258 
259 	{ "prep",	1, 1,   0,  8, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* powerpc */
260 
261 	{ "dreadmcast",	1, 1,   0, 16, 2, 0, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* sh3 */
262 	{ "evbsh3",	1, 1,   0, 16, 2, 0, 0 },		/* sh3 */
263 	{ "hpcsh",	1, 1,   0, 16, 2, 0, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* sh3 */
264 	{ "evbppc-mbr",	1, 1,   0, 16, 2, 0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* powerpc */
265 	{ "mmeye",	1, 1,   0, 16, 2, 0, 0 },		/* sh3 */
266 
267 	{ "acorn26",	1, 1,   0, 16, 2, 8, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* arm */
268 	{ "acorn32",	1, 1,   0, 16, 2, 8, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* arm */
269 	{ "cats",	1, 1,   0, 16, 2, 8, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* arm */
270 	{ "evbarm",	1, 1,   0, 16, 2, 8, 0 },		/* arm */
271 	{ "iyonix",	1, 1,   0, 16, 2, 8, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* arm */
272 	{ "netwinder",	1, 1,   0, 16, 2, 8, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* arm */
273 	{ "shark",	1, 1,   0, 16, 2, 8, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* arm */
274 
275 	{ "amd64",	1, 1,   0, 16, 3, 0, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* x86 */
276 	{ "arc",	1, 1,   0, 16, 3, 0, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* mips */
277 	{ "cobalt",	1, 1,   0, 16, 3, 0, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* mips */
278 	{ "landisk",	1, 1,   0, 16, 3, 0, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* sh3 */
279 
280 	{ "epoc32",	1, 1,   0, 16, 3, 8, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* arm */
281 	{ "hpcarm",	1, 1,   0, 16, 3, 8, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* arm */
282 	{ "hpcmips",	1, 1,   0, 16, 3, 8, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* mips */
283 	{ "i386",	1, 1,   0, 16, 3, 8, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* x86 */
284 	{ "ia64",	1, 1,   0, 16, 3, 8, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* x86 */
285 	{ "zaurus",	1, 1,   0, 16, 3, 8, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* arm */
286 
287 	{ NULL,		0, 0,   0,  0, 0, 0, 0 },	/* must be last */
288 };
289 
290 #ifndef HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
291 static struct disklabel_params native_params;
292 #endif
293 
294 static const struct arch_endian {
295 	int byteorder;
296 	const char *arch;
297 } arch_endians[] = {
298 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "alpha" },
299 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "arm" },
300 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "earm" },
301 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "earmhf" },
302 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "i386" },
303 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "ia64" },
304 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "mipsel" },
305 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "mips64el" },
306 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "sh3el" },
307 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "vax" },
308 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "x86_64" },
309 
310 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "armeb" },
311 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "earmeb" },
312 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "earmhfeb" },
313 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "hppa" },
314 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "m68k" },
315 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "mipseb" },
316 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "mips64eb" },
317 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "powerpc" },
318 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "sh3eb" },
319 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "sparc" },
320 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "sparc64" },
321 
322 	{ 0, NULL },
323 };
324 
325 /* Default location for label - only used if we don't find one to update */
326 #define LABEL_OFFSET (dklabel_getlabelsector() * DEV_BSIZE + dklabel_getlabeloffset())
327 
328 /*
329  * For portability it doesn't make sense to use any other value....
330  * Except, maybe, the size of a physical sector.
331  * This value is used if we have to write a label to the start of an mbr ptn.
332  */
333 #ifndef	LABELOFFSET_MBR
334 #define	LABELOFFSET_MBR	512
335 #endif
336 
337 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
338 static int
339 opendisk(const char *path, int flags, char *buf, int buflen, int cooked)
340 {
341 	int f;
342 	f = open(path, flags, 0);
343 	strlcpy(buf, path, buflen);
344 	return f;
345 }
346 #endif /* HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H */
347 
348 static void
349 setbyteorder(int new_byteorder)
350 {
351 	static int set_p;
352 
353 	if ((!biendian_p || set_p)
354 	    && byteorder != 0
355 	    && byteorder != new_byteorder) {
356 		warn("changing %s byteorder to %s",
357 		    byteorder == LITTLE_ENDIAN ? "le" : "be",
358 		    new_byteorder == LITTLE_ENDIAN ? "le" : "be");
359 	}
360 	byteorder = new_byteorder;
361 	biendian_p = 0;
362 	set_p = 1;
363 }
364 
365 static void
366 getmachineparams(const char *mach)
367 {
368 	const struct disklabel_params *dp = disklabel_params;
369 	for (; dp->machine != NULL; dp++) {
370 		if (!strcmp(mach, dp->machine)) {
371 			labelusesmbr = dp->labelusesmbr;
372 			labelsector = dp->labelsector;
373 			labeloffset = dp->labeloffset;
374 			maxpartitions = dp->maxpartitions;
375 			biendian_p = (dp->byteorder == 0);
376 			if (!biendian_p)
377 				setbyteorder(dp->byteorder);
378 			return;
379 		}
380 	}
381 	errx(1, "%s: unknown machine type", mach);
382 }
383 
384 static void
385 getarchbyteorder(const char *arch)
386 {
387 	const struct arch_endian *p = arch_endians;
388 	for (; p->arch != NULL; p++) {
389 		if (!strcmp(arch, p->arch)) {
390 			setbyteorder(p->byteorder);
391 			return;
392 		}
393 	}
394 	errx(1, "%s: unknown arch", arch);
395 }
396 
397 static daddr_t
398 dklabel_getlabelsector(void)
399 {
400 	unsigned long int nval;
401 	char *end;
402 	const char *val;
403 
404 	if ((val = getenv("DISKLABELSECTOR")) == NULL)
405 		return labelsector;
406 	if ((nval = strtoul(val, &end, 10)) == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)
407 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "DISKLABELSECTOR in environment");
408 	return nval;
409 }
410 
411 static off_t
412 dklabel_getlabeloffset(void)
413 {
414 	unsigned long int nval;
415 	char *end;
416 	const char *val;
417 
418 	if ((val = getenv("DISKLABELOFFSET")) == NULL)
419 		return labeloffset;
420 	if ((nval = strtoul(val, &end, 10)) == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)
421 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "DISKLABELOFFSET in environment");
422 	return nval;
423 }
424 
425 static void
426 clear_writable(void)
427 {
428 	static int zero = 0;
429 	dk_ioctl(set_writable_fd, DIOCWLABEL, &zero);
430 }
431 
432 int
433 main(int argc, char *argv[])
434 {
435 	FILE	*t;
436 	int	 ch, f, error;
437 	char	*dkname;
438 	char	*cp;
439 	struct stat sb;
440 	int	 writable;
441 	enum {
442 		UNSPEC, EDIT, READ, RESTORE, SETWRITABLE, SETREADONLY,
443 		WRITE, INTERACT, DELETE
444 	} op = UNSPEC, old_op;
445 
446 #ifndef HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
447 	labeloffset = native_params.labeloffset = getlabeloffset();
448 	labelsector = native_params.labelsector = getlabelsector();
449 	labelusesmbr = native_params.labelusesmbr = getlabelusesmbr();
450 	maxpartitions = native_params.maxpartitions = getmaxpartitions();
451 	byteorder = native_params.byteorder = BYTE_ORDER;
452 #endif
453 
454 	if ((cp = getenv("MACHINE")) != NULL) {
455 		getmachineparams(cp);
456 	}
457 
458 	if ((cp = getenv("MACHINE_ARCH")) != NULL) {
459 		getarchbyteorder(cp);
460 	}
461 
462 	mflag = labelusesmbr;
463 	if (mflag < 0) {
464 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
465 		warn("getlabelusesmbr() failed");
466 #else
467 		warn("getlabelusesmbr() failed");
468 		mflag = LABELUSESMBR;
469 #endif
470 	}
471 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
472 	/* We must avoid doing any ioctl requests */
473 	Fflag = rflag = 1;
474 #endif
475 
476 	error = 0;
477 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "AB:CDFIM:NRWef:ilmrtvw")) != -1) {
478 		old_op = op;
479 		switch (ch) {
480 		case 'A':	/* Action all labels */
481 			Aflag = 1;
482 			rflag = 1;
483 			break;
484 		case 'C':	/* Display in CHS format */
485 			Cflag = 1;
486 			break;
487 		case 'D':	/* Delete all existing labels */
488 			Dflag = 1;
489 			rflag = 1;
490 			break;
491 		case 'F':	/* Treat 'disk' as a regular file */
492 			Fflag = 1;
493 			rflag = 1;	/* Force direct access */
494 			break;
495 		case 'I':	/* Use default label if none found */
496 			Iflag = 1;
497 			rflag = 1;	/* Implies direct access */
498 			break;
499 		case 'R':	/* Restore label from text file */
500 			op = RESTORE;
501 			break;
502 		case 'B':	/* byteorder */
503 			if (!strcmp(optarg, "be")) {
504 				setbyteorder(BIG_ENDIAN);
505 			} else if (!strcmp(optarg, "le")) {
506 				setbyteorder(LITTLE_ENDIAN);
507 			} else {
508 				errx(1, "%s: not be or le", optarg);
509 			}
510 			break;
511 		case 'M':	/* machine type */
512 			getmachineparams(optarg);
513 			break;
514 		case 'N':	/* Disallow writes to label sector */
515 			op = SETREADONLY;
516 			break;
517 		case 'W':	/* Allow writes to label sector */
518 			op = SETWRITABLE;
519 			break;
520 		case 'e':	/* Edit label with $EDITOR */
521 			op = EDIT;
522 			break;
523 		case 'f':	/* Name of disktab file */
524 			if (setdisktab(optarg) == -1)
525 				usage();
526 			break;
527 		case 'i':	/* Edit using built-in editor */
528 			op = INTERACT;
529 			break;
530 		case 'l':	/* List all known file system types and exit */
531 			lflag = 1;
532 			break;
533 		case 'm':	/* Expect disk to have an MBR */
534 			mflag ^= 1;
535 			break;
536 		case 'r':	/* Read/write label directly from disk */
537 			rflag = 1;
538 			break;
539 		case 't':	/* Format output as a disktab entry */
540 			tflag = 1;
541 			break;
542 		case 'v':	/* verbose/diag output */
543 			verbose++;
544 			break;
545 		case 'w':	/* Write label based on disktab entry */
546 			op = WRITE;
547 			break;
548 		case '?':
549 		default:
550 			usage();
551 		}
552 		if (old_op != UNSPEC && old_op != op)
553 			usage();
554 	}
555 
556 	if (maxpartitions == 0) {
557 		errx(1, "unknown label: use -M/-B and $MACHINE/$MACHINE_ARCH");
558 	}
559 	if (byteorder != BIG_ENDIAN && byteorder != LITTLE_ENDIAN) {
560 		errx(1, "unknown byteorder");
561 	}
562 	bswap_p = (byteorder != BYTE_ORDER);
563 #ifdef DEBUG
564 	printf("labelusesmbr=%d labelsector=%u labeloffset=%u maxpartitions=%u\n",
565 	    labelusesmbr, labelsector, labeloffset, maxpartitions);
566 	printf("byteorder=%d bswap_p=%d\n", byteorder, bswap_p);
567 #endif
568 #ifndef HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
569 	/*
570 	 * If the disklabel has the same location as the native disklabel and
571 	 * fewer or equal paritions, we can use the native ioctls.  Otherwise
572 	 * force file/raw access.
573 	 */
574 	native_p = native_params.labelusesmbr == labelusesmbr
575 	    && native_params.labelsector == labelsector
576 	    && native_params.labeloffset == labeloffset
577 	    && maxpartitions <= native_params.maxpartitions
578 	    && !bswap_p;
579 	if (!native_p)
580 		Fflag = rflag = 1;
581 #endif
582 
583 	argc -= optind;
584 	argv += optind;
585 
586 	if (lflag)
587 		exit(list_fs_types() ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE);
588 
589 	if (op == UNSPEC)
590 		op = Dflag ? DELETE : READ;
591 
592 	if (argc < 1)
593 		usage();
594 
595 	if (Iflag && op != EDIT && op != INTERACT)
596 		usage();
597 
598 	dkname = argv[0];
599 	f = opendisk(dkname, op == READ ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR,
600 		    specname, sizeof specname, 0);
601 	if (f < 0)
602 		err(4, "%s", specname);
603 
604 	if (!Fflag && fstat(f, &sb) == 0 && S_ISREG(sb.st_mode))
605 		Fflag = rflag = 1;
606 
607 	switch (op) {
608 
609 	case DELETE:	/* Remove all existing labels */
610 		if (argc != 1)
611 			usage();
612 		Dflag = 2;
613 		writelabel_direct(f);
614 		break;
615 
616 	case EDIT:
617 		if (argc != 1)
618 			usage();
619 		readlabel(f);
620 		error = edit(f);
621 		break;
622 
623 	case INTERACT:
624 		if (argc != 1)
625 			usage();
626 		readlabel(f);
627 		/*
628 		 * XXX: Fill some default values so checklabel does not fail
629 		 */
630 		if (lab.d_bbsize == 0)
631 			lab.d_bbsize = BBSIZE;
632 		if (lab.d_sbsize == 0)
633 			lab.d_sbsize = SBLOCKSIZE;
634 		interact(&lab, f);
635 		break;
636 
637 	case READ:
638 		if (argc != 1)
639 			usage();
640 		read_all = Aflag;
641 		readlabel(f);
642 		if (read_all)
643 			/* Label got printed in the bowels of readlabel */
644 			break;
645 		if (tflag)
646 			makedisktab(stdout, &lab);
647 		else {
648 			showinfo(stdout, &lab, specname);
649 			showpartitions(stdout, &lab, Cflag);
650 		}
651 		error = checklabel(&lab);
652 		if (error)
653 			error += 100;
654 		break;
655 
656 	case RESTORE:
657 		if (argc != 2)
658 			usage();
659 		if (!(t = fopen(argv[1], "r")))
660 			err(4, "%s", argv[1]);
661 		if (getasciilabel(t, &lab))
662 			error = write_label(f);
663 		else
664 			error = 1;
665 		break;
666 
667 	case SETREADONLY:
668 		writable = 0;
669 		goto do_diocwlabel;
670 	case SETWRITABLE:
671 		writable = 1;
672 	    do_diocwlabel:
673 		if (argc != 1)
674 			usage();
675 		if (dk_ioctl(f, DIOCWLABEL, &writable) < 0)
676 			err(4, "ioctl DIOCWLABEL");
677 		break;
678 
679 	case WRITE:	/* Create label from /etc/disktab entry & write */
680 		if (argc < 2 || argc > 3)
681 			usage();
682 		makelabel(argv[1], argv[2]);
683 		if (checklabel(&lab) == 0)
684 			error = write_label(f);
685 		else
686 			error = 1;
687 		break;
688 
689 	case UNSPEC:
690 		usage();
691 
692 	}
693 	exit(error);
694 }
695 
696 /*
697  * Construct a prototype disklabel from /etc/disktab.
698  */
699 static void
700 makelabel(const char *type, const char *name)
701 {
702 	struct disklabel *dp;
703 
704 	dp = getdiskbyname(type);
705 	if (dp == NULL)
706 		errx(1, "unknown disk type: %s", type);
707 	lab = *dp;
708 
709 	/* d_packname is union d_boot[01], so zero */
710 	(void)memset(lab.d_packname, 0, sizeof(lab.d_packname));
711 	if (name)
712 		(void)strncpy(lab.d_packname, name, sizeof(lab.d_packname));
713 }
714 
715 static int
716 write_label(int f)
717 {
718 	int writable;
719 
720 	lab.d_magic = DISKMAGIC;
721 	lab.d_magic2 = DISKMAGIC;
722 	lab.d_checksum = 0;
723 	lab.d_checksum = dkcksum(&lab);
724 
725 	if (rflag) {
726 		/* Write the label directly to the disk */
727 
728 		/*
729 		 * First set the kernel disk label,
730 		 * then write a label to the raw disk.
731 		 * If the SDINFO ioctl fails because it is unimplemented,
732 		 * keep going; otherwise, the kernel consistency checks
733 		 * may prevent us from changing the current (in-core)
734 		 * label.
735 		 */
736 		if (!Fflag && dk_ioctl(f, DIOCSDINFO, &lab) < 0 &&
737 		    errno != ENODEV && errno != ENOTTY) {
738 			l_perror("ioctl DIOCSDINFO");
739 			return (1);
740 		}
741 		/*
742 		 * write enable label sector before write (if necessary),
743 		 * disable after writing.
744 		 */
745 		writable = 1;
746 		if (!Fflag) {
747 			if (dk_ioctl(f, DIOCWLABEL, &writable) < 0)
748 				perror("ioctl DIOCWLABEL");
749 			set_writable_fd = f;
750 			atexit(clear_writable);
751 		}
752 
753 		writelabel_direct(f);
754 
755 		/*
756 		 * Now issue a DIOCWDINFO. This will let the kernel convert the
757 		 * disklabel to some machdep format if needed.
758 		 */
759 		/* XXX: This is stupid! */
760 		if (!Fflag && dk_ioctl(f, DIOCWDINFO, &lab) < 0) {
761 			l_perror("ioctl DIOCWDINFO");
762 			return (1);
763 		}
764 	} else {
765 		/* Get the kernel to write the label */
766 		if (dk_ioctl(f, DIOCWDINFO, &lab) < 0) {
767 			l_perror("ioctl DIOCWDINFO");
768 			return (1);
769 		}
770 	}
771 
772 #ifdef VAX_ALTLABELS
773 	if (lab.d_type == DTYPE_SMD && lab.d_flags & D_BADSECT &&
774 	    lab.d_secsize == 512) {
775 		/* Write the label to the odd sectors of the last track! */
776 		daddr_t	alt;
777 		int	i;
778 		uint8_t sec0[512];
779 
780 		if (pread(f, sec0, 512, 0) < 512) {
781 			warn("read master label to write alternates");
782 			return 0;
783 		}
784 
785 		alt = lab.d_ncylinders * lab.d_secpercyl - lab.d_nsectors;
786 		for (i = 1; i < 11 && (uint32_t)i < lab.d_nsectors; i += 2) {
787 			if (pwrite(f, sec0, 512, (off_t)(alt + i) * 512) < 512)
788 				warn("alternate label %d write", i/2);
789 		}
790 	}
791 #endif	/* VAX_ALTLABELS */
792 
793 	return 0;
794 }
795 
796 int
797 writelabel(int f, struct disklabel *lp)
798 {
799 	if (lp != &lab)
800 		lab = *lp;
801 	return write_label(f);
802 }
803 
804 static void
805 l_perror(const char *s)
806 {
807 
808 	switch (errno) {
809 
810 	case ESRCH:
811 		warnx("%s: No disk label on disk;\n"
812 		    "use \"disklabel -I\" to install initial label", s);
813 		break;
814 
815 	case EINVAL:
816 		warnx("%s: Label magic number or checksum is wrong!\n"
817 		    "(disklabel or kernel is out of date?)", s);
818 		break;
819 
820 	case EBUSY:
821 		warnx("%s: Open partition would move or shrink", s);
822 		break;
823 
824 	case EXDEV:
825 		warnx("%s: Labeled partition or 'a' partition must start"
826 		      " at beginning of disk", s);
827 		break;
828 
829 	default:
830 		warn("%s", s);
831 		break;
832 	}
833 }
834 
835 #ifdef NO_MBR_SUPPORT
836 #define process_mbr(f, action) 1
837 #else
838 /*
839  * Scan DOS/MBR partition table and extended partition list for NetBSD ptns.
840  */
841 static int
842 process_mbr(int f, int (*action)(int, u_int))
843 {
844 	struct mbr_partition *dp;
845 	struct mbr_sector mbr;
846 	int rval = 1, res;
847 	int part;
848 	u_int ext_base, next_ext, this_ext, start;
849 
850 	ext_base = 0;
851 	next_ext = 0;
852 	for (;;) {
853 		this_ext = next_ext;
854 		next_ext = 0;
855 		if (verbose > 1)
856 			warnx("reading mbr sector %u", this_ext);
857 		if (pread(f, &mbr, sizeof mbr, this_ext * (off_t)DEV_BSIZE)
858 		    != sizeof(mbr)) {
859 			if (verbose)
860 				warn("Can't read master boot record %u",
861 				    this_ext);
862 			break;
863 		}
864 
865 		/* Check if table is valid. */
866 		if (mbr.mbr_magic != htole16(MBR_MAGIC)) {
867 			if (verbose)
868 				warnx("Invalid signature in mbr record %u",
869 				    this_ext);
870 			break;
871 		}
872 
873 		dp = &mbr.mbr_parts[0];
874 
875 		/* Find NetBSD partition(s). */
876 		for (part = 0; part < MBR_PART_COUNT; dp++, part++) {
877 			start = le32toh(dp->mbrp_start);
878 			switch (dp->mbrp_type) {
879 #ifdef COMPAT_386BSD_MBRPART
880 			case MBR_PTYPE_386BSD:
881 				if (ext_base != 0)
882 					break;
883 				/* FALLTHROUGH */
884 #endif
885 			case MBR_PTYPE_NETBSD:
886 				res = action(f, this_ext + start);
887 				if (res <= 0)
888 					/* Found or failure */
889 					return res;
890 				if (res > rval)
891 					/* Keep largest value */
892 					rval = res;
893 				break;
894 			case MBR_PTYPE_EXT:
895 			case MBR_PTYPE_EXT_LBA:
896 			case MBR_PTYPE_EXT_LNX:
897 				next_ext = start;
898 				break;
899 			default:
900 				break;
901 			}
902 		}
903 		if (next_ext == 0)
904 			/* No more extended partitions */
905 			break;
906 		next_ext += ext_base;
907 		if (ext_base == 0)
908 			ext_base = next_ext;
909 
910 		if (next_ext <= this_ext) {
911 			if (verbose)
912 				warnx("Invalid extended chain %x <= %x",
913 					next_ext, this_ext);
914 			break;
915 		}
916 		/* Maybe we should check against the disk size... */
917 	}
918 
919 	return rval;
920 }
921 
922 static int
923 readlabel_mbr(int f, u_int sector)
924 {
925 	struct disklabel *disk_lp;
926 
927 	disk_lp = find_label(f, sector);
928 	if (disk_lp == NULL)
929 		return 1;
930 	targettohlabel(&lab, disk_lp);
931 	return 0;
932 }
933 
934 static int
935 writelabel_mbr(int f, u_int sector)
936 {
937 	return update_label(f, sector, mflag ? LABELOFFSET_MBR : ~0U) ? 2 : 0;
938 }
939 
940 #endif	/* !NO_MBR_SUPPORT */
941 
942 #ifndef USE_ACORN
943 #define get_filecore_partition(f) 0
944 #else
945 /*
946  * static int filecore_checksum(u_char *bootblock)
947  *
948  * Calculates the filecore boot block checksum. This is used to validate
949  * a filecore boot block on the disk.  If a boot block is validated then
950  * it is used to locate the partition table. If the boot block is not
951  * validated, it is assumed that the whole disk is NetBSD.
952  *
953  * The basic algorithm is:
954  *
955  *	for (each byte in block, excluding checksum) {
956  *		sum += byte;
957  *		if (sum > 255)
958  *			sum -= 255;
959  *	}
960  *
961  * That's equivalent to summing all of the bytes in the block
962  * (excluding the checksum byte, of course), then calculating the
963  * checksum as "cksum = sum - ((sum - 1) / 255) * 255)".  That
964  * expression may or may not yield a faster checksum function,
965  * but it's easier to reason about.
966  *
967  * Note that if you have a block filled with bytes of a single
968  * value "X" (regardless of that value!) and calculate the cksum
969  * of the block (excluding the checksum byte), you will _always_
970  * end up with a checksum of X.  (Do the math; that can be derived
971  * from the checksum calculation function!)  That means that
972  * blocks which contain bytes which all have the same value will
973  * always checksum properly.  That's a _very_ unlikely occurence
974  * (probably impossible, actually) for a valid filecore boot block,
975  * so we treat such blocks as invalid.
976  */
977 static int
978 filecore_checksum(u_char *bootblock)
979 {
980 	u_char	byte0, accum_diff;
981 	u_int	sum;
982 	int	i;
983 
984 	sum = 0;
985 	accum_diff = 0;
986 	byte0 = bootblock[0];
987 
988 	/*
989 	 * Sum the contents of the block, keeping track of whether
990 	 * or not all bytes are the same.  If 'accum_diff' ends up
991 	 * being zero, all of the bytes are, in fact, the same.
992 	 */
993 	for (i = 0; i < 511; ++i) {
994 		sum += bootblock[i];
995 		accum_diff |= bootblock[i] ^ byte0;
996 	}
997 
998 	/*
999 	 * Check to see if the checksum byte is the same as the
1000 	 * rest of the bytes, too.  (Note that if all of the bytes
1001 	 * are the same except the checksum, a checksum compare
1002 	 * won't succeed, but that's not our problem.)
1003 	 */
1004 	accum_diff |= bootblock[i] ^ byte0;
1005 
1006 	/* All bytes in block are the same; call it invalid. */
1007 	if (accum_diff == 0)
1008 		return (-1);
1009 
1010 	return (sum - ((sum - 1) / 255) * 255);
1011 }
1012 
1013 /*
1014  * Check for the presence of a RiscOS filecore boot block
1015  * indicating an ADFS file system on the disc.
1016  * Return the offset to the NetBSD part of the disc if
1017  * this can be determined.
1018  * This routine will terminate disklabel if the disc
1019  * is found to be ADFS only.
1020  */
1021 static u_int
1022 get_filecore_partition(int f)
1023 {
1024 	struct filecore_bootblock	*fcbb;
1025 	static u_char	bb[DEV_BSIZE];
1026 	u_int		offset;
1027 	struct riscix_partition_table	*riscix_part;
1028 	int		loop;
1029 
1030 	if (pread(f, bb, sizeof(bb), (off_t)FILECORE_BOOT_SECTOR * DEV_BSIZE) != sizeof(bb))
1031 		err(4, "can't read filecore boot block");
1032 	fcbb = (struct filecore_bootblock *)bb;
1033 
1034 	/* Check if table is valid. */
1035 	if (filecore_checksum(bb) != fcbb->checksum)
1036 		return (0);
1037 
1038 	/*
1039 	 * Check for NetBSD/arm32 (RiscBSD) partition marker.
1040 	 * If found the NetBSD disklabel location is easy.
1041 	 */
1042 	offset = (fcbb->partition_cyl_low + (fcbb->partition_cyl_high << 8))
1043 	    * fcbb->heads * fcbb->secspertrack;
1044 
1045 	switch (fcbb->partition_type) {
1046 
1047 	case PARTITION_FORMAT_RISCBSD:
1048 		return (offset);
1049 
1050 	case PARTITION_FORMAT_RISCIX:
1051 		/*
1052 		 * Read the RISCiX partition table and search for the
1053 		 * first partition named "RiscBSD", "NetBSD", or "Empty:"
1054 		 *
1055 		 * XXX is use of 'Empty:' really desirable?! -- cgd
1056 		 */
1057 
1058 		if (pread(f, bb, sizeof(bb), (off_t)offset * DEV_BSIZE) != sizeof(bb))
1059 			err(4, "can't read riscix partition table");
1060 		riscix_part = (struct riscix_partition_table *)bb;
1061 
1062 		for (loop = 0; loop < NRISCIX_PARTITIONS; ++loop) {
1063 			if (strcmp((char *)riscix_part->partitions[loop].rp_name,
1064 				    "RiscBSD") == 0 ||
1065 			    strcmp((char *)riscix_part->partitions[loop].rp_name,
1066 				    "NetBSD") == 0 ||
1067 			    strcmp((char *)riscix_part->partitions[loop].rp_name,
1068 				    "Empty:") == 0) {
1069 				return riscix_part->partitions[loop].rp_start;
1070 				break;
1071 			}
1072 		}
1073 		/*
1074 		 * Valid filecore boot block, RISCiX partition table
1075 		 * but no NetBSD partition. We should leave this
1076 		 * disc alone.
1077 		 */
1078 		errx(4, "cannot label: no NetBSD partition found"
1079 			" in RISCiX partition table");
1080 
1081 	default:
1082 		/*
1083 		 * Valid filecore boot block and no non-ADFS partition.
1084 		 * This means that the whole disc is allocated for ADFS
1085 		 * so do not trash ! If the user really wants to put a
1086 		 * NetBSD disklabel on the disc then they should remove
1087 		 * the filecore boot block first with dd.
1088 		 */
1089 		errx(4, "cannot label: filecore-only disk"
1090 			" (no non-ADFS partition)");
1091 	}
1092 	return (0);
1093 }
1094 #endif	/* USE_ACORN */
1095 
1096 /*
1097  * Fetch disklabel for disk to 'lab'.
1098  * Use ioctl to get label unless -r flag is given.
1099  */
1100 static void
1101 readlabel(int f)
1102 {
1103 	if (rflag) {
1104 		/* Get label directly from disk */
1105 		if (readlabel_direct(f) == 0)
1106 			return;
1107 		/*
1108 		 * There was no label on the disk. Get the fictious one
1109 		 * as a basis for initialisation.
1110 		 */
1111 		if (!Fflag && Iflag && (dk_ioctl(f, DIOCGDINFO, &lab) == 0 ||
1112 		    dk_ioctl(f, DIOCGDEFLABEL, &lab) == 0))
1113 			return;
1114 	} else {
1115 		/* Get label from kernel. */
1116 		if (dk_ioctl(f, DIOCGDINFO, &lab) < 0)
1117 			err(4, "ioctl DIOCGDINFO");
1118 		return;
1119 	}
1120 
1121 	if (read_all == 2)
1122 		/* We actually found one, and printed it... */
1123 		exit(0);
1124 	errx(1, "could not read existing label");
1125 }
1126 
1127 /*
1128  * Reading the label from the disk is largely a case of 'hunt the label'.
1129  * and since different architectures default to different places there
1130  * could even be more than one label that contradict each other!
1131  * For now we look in the expected place, then search through likely
1132  * other locations.
1133  */
1134 static struct disklabel *
1135 find_label(int f, u_int sector)
1136 {
1137 	struct disklabel *disk_lp, hlp;
1138 	int i;
1139 	off_t offset;
1140 	const char *is_deleted;
1141 
1142 	bootarea_len = pread(f, bootarea, sizeof bootarea,
1143 	    sector * (off_t)DEV_BSIZE);
1144 	if (bootarea_len <= 0) {
1145 		if (verbose)
1146 			warn("failed to read bootarea from sector %u", sector);
1147 		return NULL;
1148 	}
1149 
1150 	if (verbose > 2)
1151 		warnx("read sector %u len %d looking for label",
1152 		    sector, bootarea_len);
1153 
1154 	/* Check expected offset first */
1155 	for (offset = LABEL_OFFSET, i = -4;; offset = i += 4) {
1156 		is_deleted = "";
1157 		disk_lp = (void *)(bootarea + offset);
1158 		if (i == LABEL_OFFSET)
1159 			continue;
1160 		if ((char *)(disk_lp + 1) > bootarea + bootarea_len)
1161 			break;
1162 		if (disk_lp->d_magic2 != disk_lp->d_magic)
1163 			continue;
1164 		if (read_all && (disk_lp->d_magic == DISKMAGIC_DELETED ||
1165 		    disk_lp->d_magic == DISKMAGIC_DELETED_REV)) {
1166 			disk_lp->d_magic ^= ~0u;
1167 			disk_lp->d_magic2 ^= ~0u;
1168 			is_deleted = "deleted ";
1169 		}
1170 		if (target32toh(disk_lp->d_magic) != DISKMAGIC) {
1171 			/* XXX: Do something about byte-swapped labels ? */
1172 			if (target32toh(disk_lp->d_magic) == DISKMAGIC_REV &&
1173 			    target32toh(disk_lp->d_magic2) == DISKMAGIC_REV)
1174 				warnx("ignoring %sbyteswapped label"
1175 				    " at offset %jd from sector %u",
1176 				    is_deleted, (intmax_t)offset, sector);
1177 			continue;
1178 		}
1179 		if (target16toh(disk_lp->d_npartitions) > maxpartitions ||
1180 		    dkcksum_target(disk_lp) != 0) {
1181 			if (verbose > 0)
1182 				warnx("corrupt label found at offset %jd in "
1183 				    "sector %u", (intmax_t)offset, sector);
1184 			continue;
1185 		}
1186 		if (verbose > 1)
1187 			warnx("%slabel found at offset %jd from sector %u",
1188 			    is_deleted, (intmax_t)offset, sector);
1189 		if (!read_all)
1190 			return disk_lp;
1191 
1192 		/* To print all the labels we have to do it here */
1193 		/* XXX: maybe we should compare them? */
1194 		targettohlabel(&hlp, disk_lp);
1195 		printf("# %ssector %u offset %jd bytes\n",
1196 		    is_deleted, sector, (intmax_t)offset);
1197 		if (tflag)
1198 			makedisktab(stdout, &hlp);
1199 		else {
1200 			showinfo(stdout, &hlp, specname);
1201 			showpartitions(stdout, &hlp, Cflag);
1202 		}
1203 		checklabel(&hlp);
1204 		htotargetlabel(disk_lp, &hlp);
1205 		/* Remember we've found a label */
1206 		read_all = 2;
1207 	}
1208 	return NULL;
1209 }
1210 
1211 static void
1212 write_bootarea(int f, u_int sector)
1213 {
1214 	int wlen;
1215 
1216 	if (bootarea_len <= 0)
1217 		errx(1, "attempting to write after failed read");
1218 
1219 #ifdef ALPHA_BOOTBLOCK_CKSUM
1220 	/*
1221 	 * The Alpha requires that the boot block be checksummed.
1222 	 * <sys/bootblock.h> provides a macro to do it.
1223 	 */
1224 	if (sector == 0) {
1225 		struct alpha_boot_block *bb;
1226 
1227 		bb = (struct alpha_boot_block *)(void *)bootarea;
1228 		bb->bb_cksum = 0;
1229 		ALPHA_BOOT_BLOCK_CKSUM(bb, &bb->bb_cksum);
1230 	}
1231 #endif	/* ALPHA_BOOTBLOCK_CKSUM */
1232 
1233 	wlen = pwrite(f, bootarea, bootarea_len, sector * (off_t)DEV_BSIZE);
1234 	if (wlen == bootarea_len)
1235 		return;
1236 	if (wlen == -1)
1237 		err(1, "disklabel write (sector %u) size %d failed",
1238 		    sector, bootarea_len);
1239 	errx(1, "disklabel write (sector %u) size %d truncated to %d",
1240 		    sector, bootarea_len, wlen);
1241 }
1242 
1243 static int
1244 update_label(int f, u_int label_sector, u_int label_offset)
1245 {
1246 	struct disklabel *disk_lp;
1247 
1248 	disk_lp = find_label(f, label_sector);
1249 
1250 	if (disk_lp && Dflag) {
1251 		/* Invalidate the existing label */
1252 		disk_lp->d_magic ^= ~0u;
1253 		disk_lp->d_magic2 ^= ~0u;
1254 		if (Dflag == 2)
1255 			write_bootarea(f, label_sector);
1256 		/* Force label to default location */
1257 		disk_lp = NULL;
1258 	}
1259 
1260 	if (Dflag == 2)
1261 		/* We are just deleting the label */
1262 		return 0;
1263 
1264 	if (disk_lp == NULL) {
1265 		if (label_offset == ~0u)
1266 			return 0;
1267 		/* Nothing on the disk - we need to add it */
1268 		disk_lp = (void *)(bootarea + label_offset);
1269 		if ((char *)(disk_lp + 1) > bootarea + bootarea_len)
1270 			errx(1, "no space in bootarea (sector %u) "
1271 			    "to create label", label_sector);
1272 	}
1273 
1274 	htotargetlabel(disk_lp, &lab);
1275 	write_bootarea(f, label_sector);
1276 	return 1;
1277 }
1278 
1279 static void
1280 writelabel_direct(int f)
1281 {
1282 	u_int label_sector;
1283 	int written = 0;
1284 	int rval;
1285 
1286 	label_sector = get_filecore_partition(f);
1287 	if (label_sector != 0)
1288 		/* The offset needs to be that from the acorn ports... */
1289 		written = update_label(f, label_sector, DEV_BSIZE);
1290 
1291 	rval = process_mbr(f, writelabel_mbr);
1292 
1293 	if (rval == 2 || written)
1294 		/* Don't add a label to sector 0, but update one if there */
1295 		update_label(f, 0, ~0u);
1296 	else
1297 		update_label(f, 0, LABEL_OFFSET);
1298 }
1299 
1300 static int
1301 readlabel_direct(int f)
1302 {
1303 	struct disklabel *disk_lp;
1304 	u_int filecore_partition_offset;
1305 
1306 	filecore_partition_offset = get_filecore_partition(f);
1307 	if (filecore_partition_offset != 0) {
1308 		disk_lp = find_label(f, filecore_partition_offset);
1309 		if (disk_lp != NULL) {
1310 			targettohlabel(&lab, disk_lp);
1311 			return 0;
1312 		}
1313 	}
1314 
1315 	if (mflag && process_mbr(f, readlabel_mbr) == 0)
1316 		return 0;
1317 
1318 	disk_lp = find_label(f, 0);
1319 	if (disk_lp != NULL) {
1320 		targettohlabel(&lab, disk_lp);
1321 		return 0;
1322 	}
1323 
1324 	if (!mflag && process_mbr(f, readlabel_mbr) == 0)
1325 		return 0;
1326 
1327 	return 1;
1328 }
1329 
1330 static void
1331 makedisktab(FILE *f, struct disklabel *lp)
1332 {
1333 	int	 i;
1334 	const char *did;
1335 	struct partition *pp;
1336 
1337 	did = "\\\n\t:";
1338 	(void) fprintf(f, "%.*s|Automatically generated label:\\\n\t:dt=",
1339 	    (int) sizeof(lp->d_typename), lp->d_typename);
1340 	if ((unsigned) lp->d_type < DKMAXTYPES)
1341 		(void) fprintf(f, "%s:", dktypenames[lp->d_type]);
1342 	else
1343 		(void) fprintf(f, "unknown%" PRIu16 ":", lp->d_type);
1344 
1345 	(void) fprintf(f, "se#%" PRIu32 ":", lp->d_secsize);
1346 	(void) fprintf(f, "ns#%" PRIu32 ":", lp->d_nsectors);
1347 	(void) fprintf(f, "nt#%" PRIu32 ":", lp->d_ntracks);
1348 	(void) fprintf(f, "sc#%" PRIu32 ":", lp->d_secpercyl);
1349 	(void) fprintf(f, "nc#%" PRIu32 ":", lp->d_ncylinders);
1350 
1351 	if ((lp->d_secpercyl * lp->d_ncylinders) != lp->d_secperunit) {
1352 		(void) fprintf(f, "%ssu#%" PRIu32 ":", did, lp->d_secperunit);
1353 		did = "";
1354 	}
1355 	if (lp->d_rpm != 3600) {
1356 		(void) fprintf(f, "%srm#%" PRIu16 ":", did, lp->d_rpm);
1357 		did = "";
1358 	}
1359 	if (lp->d_interleave != 1) {
1360 		(void) fprintf(f, "%sil#%" PRIu16 ":", did, lp->d_interleave);
1361 		did = "";
1362 	}
1363 	if (lp->d_trackskew != 0) {
1364 		(void) fprintf(f, "%ssk#%" PRIu16 ":", did, lp->d_trackskew);
1365 		did = "";
1366 	}
1367 	if (lp->d_cylskew != 0) {
1368 		(void) fprintf(f, "%scs#%" PRIu16 ":", did, lp->d_cylskew);
1369 		did = "";
1370 	}
1371 	if (lp->d_headswitch != 0) {
1372 		(void) fprintf(f, "%shs#%" PRIu16 ":", did, lp->d_headswitch);
1373 		did = "";
1374 	}
1375 	if (lp->d_trkseek != 0) {
1376 		(void) fprintf(f, "%sts#%" PRIu32 ":", did, lp->d_trkseek);
1377 		did = "";
1378 	}
1379 #ifdef notyet
1380 	(void) fprintf(f, "drivedata: ");
1381 	for (i = NDDATA - 1; i >= 0; i--)
1382 		if (lp->d_drivedata[i])
1383 			break;
1384 	if (i < 0)
1385 		i = 0;
1386 	for (j = 0; j <= i; j++)
1387 		(void) fprintf(f, "%" PRIu32 " ", lp->d_drivedata[j]);
1388 #endif	/* notyet */
1389 	pp = lp->d_partitions;
1390 	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++, pp++) {
1391 		if (pp->p_size) {
1392 			char c = 'a' + i;
1393 			(void) fprintf(f, "\\\n\t:");
1394 			(void) fprintf(f, "p%c#%" PRIu32 ":", c, pp->p_size);
1395 			(void) fprintf(f, "o%c#%" PRIu32 ":", c, pp->p_offset);
1396 			if (pp->p_fstype != FS_UNUSED) {
1397 				if ((unsigned) pp->p_fstype < FSMAXTYPES)
1398 					(void) fprintf(f, "t%c=%s:", c,
1399 					    fstypenames[pp->p_fstype]);
1400 				else
1401 					(void) fprintf(f,
1402 					    "t%c=unknown%" PRIu8 ":",
1403 					    c, pp->p_fstype);
1404 			}
1405 			switch (pp->p_fstype) {
1406 
1407 			case FS_UNUSED:
1408 				break;
1409 
1410 			case FS_BSDFFS:
1411 			case FS_BSDLFS:
1412 			case FS_EX2FS:
1413 			case FS_ADOS:
1414 			case FS_APPLEUFS:
1415 				(void) fprintf(f, "b%c#%" PRIu64 ":", c,
1416 				    (uint64_t)pp->p_fsize * pp->p_frag);
1417 				(void) fprintf(f, "f%c#%" PRIu32 ":", c,
1418 				    pp->p_fsize);
1419 				break;
1420 			default:
1421 				break;
1422 			}
1423 		}
1424 	}
1425 	(void) fprintf(f, "\n");
1426 	(void) fflush(f);
1427 }
1428 
1429 static int
1430 edit(int f)
1431 {
1432 	const char *tmpdir;
1433 	char	tmpfil[MAXPATHLEN];
1434 	int	 first, ch, fd;
1435 	int	get_ok;
1436 	FILE	*fp;
1437 
1438 	if ((tmpdir = getenv("TMPDIR")) == NULL)
1439 		tmpdir = _PATH_TMP;
1440 	(void)snprintf(tmpfil, sizeof(tmpfil), "%s/%s", tmpdir, TMPFILE);
1441 	if ((fd = mkstemp(tmpfil)) == -1 || (fp = fdopen(fd, "w")) == NULL) {
1442 		warn("%s", tmpfil);
1443 		return (1);
1444 	}
1445 	(void)fchmod(fd, 0600);
1446 	showinfo(fp, &lab, specname);
1447 	showpartitions(fp, &lab, Cflag);
1448 	(void) fclose(fp);
1449 	for (;;) {
1450 		if (!editit(tmpfil))
1451 			break;
1452 		fp = fopen(tmpfil, "r");
1453 		if (fp == NULL) {
1454 			warn("%s", tmpfil);
1455 			break;
1456 		}
1457 		(void) memset(&lab, 0, sizeof(lab));
1458 		get_ok = getasciilabel(fp, &lab);
1459 		fclose(fp);
1460 		if (get_ok && write_label(f) == 0) {
1461 			(void) unlink(tmpfil);
1462 			return (0);
1463 		}
1464 		(void) printf("re-edit the label? [y]: ");
1465 		(void) fflush(stdout);
1466 		first = ch = getchar();
1467 		while (ch != '\n' && ch != EOF)
1468 			ch = getchar();
1469 		if (first == 'n' || first == 'N')
1470 			break;
1471 	}
1472 	(void)unlink(tmpfil);
1473 	return (1);
1474 }
1475 
1476 static int
1477 editit(const char *tmpfil)
1478 {
1479 	int pid, xpid;
1480 	int status;
1481 	sigset_t nsigset, osigset;
1482 
1483 	sigemptyset(&nsigset);
1484 	sigaddset(&nsigset, SIGINT);
1485 	sigaddset(&nsigset, SIGQUIT);
1486 	sigaddset(&nsigset, SIGHUP);
1487 	sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &nsigset, &osigset);
1488 	while ((pid = fork()) < 0) {
1489 		if (errno != EAGAIN) {
1490 			sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &osigset, (sigset_t *)0);
1491 			warn("fork");
1492 			return (0);
1493 		}
1494 		sleep(1);
1495 	}
1496 	if (pid == 0) {
1497 		const char *ed;
1498 		char *buf;
1499 		int retval;
1500 
1501 		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &osigset, (sigset_t *)0);
1502 		setgid(getgid());
1503 		setuid(getuid());
1504 		if ((ed = getenv("EDITOR")) == (char *)0)
1505 			ed = DEFEDITOR;
1506 		/*
1507 		 * Jump through a few extra hoops in case someone's editor
1508 		 * is "editor arg1 arg2".
1509 		 */
1510 		asprintf(&buf, "%s %s", ed, tmpfil);
1511 		if (!buf)
1512 			err(1, "malloc");
1513 		retval = execlp(_PATH_BSHELL, _PATH_BSHELL, "-c", buf, NULL);
1514 		if (retval == -1)
1515 			perror(ed);
1516 		exit(retval);
1517 	}
1518 	while ((xpid = wait(&status)) >= 0)
1519 		if (xpid == pid)
1520 			break;
1521 	sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &osigset, (sigset_t *)0);
1522 	return (!status);
1523 }
1524 
1525 static char *
1526 skip(char *cp)
1527 {
1528 
1529 	cp += strspn(cp, " \t");
1530 	if (*cp == '\0')
1531 		return (NULL);
1532 	return (cp);
1533 }
1534 
1535 static char *
1536 word(char *cp)
1537 {
1538 
1539 	if (cp == NULL || *cp == '\0')
1540 		return (NULL);
1541 
1542 	cp += strcspn(cp, " \t");
1543 	if (*cp == '\0')
1544 		return (NULL);
1545 	*cp++ = '\0';
1546 	cp += strspn(cp, " \t");
1547 	if (*cp == '\0')
1548 		return (NULL);
1549 	return (cp);
1550 }
1551 
1552 #define _CHECKLINE \
1553 	if (tp == NULL || *tp == '\0') {			\
1554 		warnx("line %d: too few fields", lineno);	\
1555 		errors++;					\
1556 		break;						\
1557 	}
1558 
1559 #define __CHECKLINE \
1560 	if (*tp == NULL || **tp == '\0') {			\
1561 		warnx("line %d: too few fields", lineno);	\
1562 		*tp = _error_;					\
1563 		return 0;					\
1564 	}
1565 
1566 static char _error_[] = "";
1567 #define NXTNUM(n)	if ((n = nxtnum(&tp, lineno),0) + tp != _error_) \
1568 			; else goto error
1569 #define NXTXNUM(n)	if ((n = nxtxnum(&tp, lp, lineno),0) + tp != _error_) \
1570 			; else goto error
1571 
1572 static unsigned long
1573 nxtnum(char **tp, int lineno)
1574 {
1575 	char *cp;
1576 	unsigned long v;
1577 
1578 	__CHECKLINE
1579 	if (getulong(*tp, '\0', &cp, &v, UINT32_MAX) != 0) {
1580 		warnx("line %d: syntax error", lineno);
1581 		*tp = _error_;
1582 		return 0;
1583 	}
1584 	*tp = cp;
1585 	return v;
1586 }
1587 
1588 static unsigned long
1589 nxtxnum(char **tp, struct disklabel *lp, int lineno)
1590 {
1591 	char	*cp, *ncp;
1592 	unsigned long n, v;
1593 
1594 	__CHECKLINE
1595 	cp = *tp;
1596 	if (getulong(cp, '/', &ncp, &n, UINT32_MAX) != 0)
1597 		goto bad;
1598 
1599 	if (*ncp == '/') {
1600 		n *= lp->d_secpercyl;
1601 		cp = ncp + 1;
1602 		if (getulong(cp, '/', &ncp, &v, UINT32_MAX) != 0)
1603 			goto bad;
1604 		n += v * lp->d_nsectors;
1605 		cp = ncp + 1;
1606 		if (getulong(cp, '\0', &ncp, &v, UINT32_MAX) != 0)
1607 			goto bad;
1608 		n += v;
1609 	}
1610 	*tp = ncp;
1611 	return n;
1612 bad:
1613 	warnx("line %d: invalid format", lineno);
1614 	*tp = _error_;
1615 	return 0;
1616 }
1617 
1618 /*
1619  * Read an ascii label in from fd f,
1620  * in the same format as that put out by showinfo() and showpartitions(),
1621  * and fill in lp.
1622  */
1623 static int
1624 getasciilabel(FILE *f, struct disklabel *lp)
1625 {
1626 	const char *const *cpp, *s;
1627 	struct partition *pp;
1628 	char	*cp, *tp, line[BUFSIZ], tbuf[15];
1629 	int	 lineno, errors;
1630 	unsigned long v;
1631 	unsigned int part;
1632 
1633 	lineno = 0;
1634 	errors = 0;
1635 	lp->d_bbsize = BBSIZE;				/* XXX */
1636 	lp->d_sbsize = SBLOCKSIZE;			/* XXX */
1637 	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line) - 1, f)) {
1638 		lineno++;
1639 		if ((cp = strpbrk(line, "#\r\n")) != NULL)
1640 			*cp = '\0';
1641 		cp = skip(line);
1642 		if (cp == NULL)     /* blank line or comment line */
1643 			continue;
1644 		tp = strchr(cp, ':'); /* everything has a colon in it */
1645 		if (tp == NULL) {
1646 			warnx("line %d: syntax error", lineno);
1647 			errors++;
1648 			continue;
1649 		}
1650 		*tp++ = '\0', tp = skip(tp);
1651 		if (!strcmp(cp, "type")) {
1652 			if (tp == NULL) {
1653 				strlcpy(tbuf, "unknown", sizeof(tbuf));
1654 				tp = tbuf;
1655 			}
1656 			cpp = dktypenames;
1657 			for (; cpp < &dktypenames[DKMAXTYPES]; cpp++)
1658 				if ((s = *cpp) && !strcasecmp(s, tp)) {
1659 					lp->d_type = cpp - dktypenames;
1660 					goto next;
1661 				}
1662 			if (GETNUM16(tp, &v) != 0) {
1663 				warnx("line %d: syntax error", lineno);
1664 				errors++;
1665 				continue;
1666 			}
1667 			if (v >= DKMAXTYPES)
1668 				warnx("line %d: warning, unknown disk type: %s",
1669 				    lineno, tp);
1670 			lp->d_type = v;
1671 			continue;
1672 		}
1673 		if (!strcmp(cp, "flags")) {
1674 			for (v = 0; (cp = tp) && *cp != '\0';) {
1675 				tp = word(cp);
1676 				if (!strcasecmp(cp, "removable"))
1677 					v |= D_REMOVABLE;
1678 				else if (!strcasecmp(cp, "ecc"))
1679 					v |= D_ECC;
1680 				else if (!strcasecmp(cp, "badsect"))
1681 					v |= D_BADSECT;
1682 				else {
1683 					warnx("line %d: bad flag: %s",
1684 					    lineno, cp);
1685 					errors++;
1686 				}
1687 			}
1688 			lp->d_flags = v;
1689 			continue;
1690 		}
1691 		if (!strcmp(cp, "drivedata")) {
1692 			int i;
1693 
1694 			for (i = 0; (cp = tp) && *cp != '\0' && i < NDDATA;) {
1695 				if (GETNUM32(cp, &v) != 0) {
1696 					warnx("line %d: bad drive data",
1697 					    lineno);
1698 					errors++;
1699 				} else
1700 					lp->d_drivedata[i] = v;
1701 				i++;
1702 				tp = word(cp);
1703 			}
1704 			continue;
1705 		}
1706 		if (sscanf(cp, "%lu partitions", &v) == 1) {
1707 			if (v == 0 || v > maxpartitions) {
1708 				warnx("line %d: bad # of partitions", lineno);
1709 				lp->d_npartitions = maxpartitions;
1710 				errors++;
1711 			} else
1712 				lp->d_npartitions = v;
1713 			continue;
1714 		}
1715 		if (tp == NULL) {
1716 			tbuf[0] = '\0';
1717 			tp = tbuf;
1718 		}
1719 		if (!strcmp(cp, "disk")) {
1720 			strncpy(lp->d_typename, tp, sizeof(lp->d_typename));
1721 			continue;
1722 		}
1723 		if (!strcmp(cp, "label")) {
1724 			strncpy(lp->d_packname, tp, sizeof(lp->d_packname));
1725 			continue;
1726 		}
1727 		if (!strcmp(cp, "bytes/sector")) {
1728 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0 || v <= 0 || (v % 512) != 0) {
1729 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1730 				errors++;
1731 			} else
1732 				lp->d_secsize = v;
1733 			continue;
1734 		}
1735 		if (!strcmp(cp, "sectors/track")) {
1736 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0) {
1737 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1738 				errors++;
1739 			} else
1740 				lp->d_nsectors = v;
1741 			continue;
1742 		}
1743 		if (!strcmp(cp, "sectors/cylinder")) {
1744 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0) {
1745 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1746 				errors++;
1747 			} else
1748 				lp->d_secpercyl = v;
1749 			continue;
1750 		}
1751 		if (!strcmp(cp, "tracks/cylinder")) {
1752 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0) {
1753 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1754 				errors++;
1755 			} else
1756 				lp->d_ntracks = v;
1757 			continue;
1758 		}
1759 		if (!strcmp(cp, "cylinders")) {
1760 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0) {
1761 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1762 				errors++;
1763 			} else
1764 				lp->d_ncylinders = v;
1765 			continue;
1766 		}
1767 		if (!strcmp(cp, "total sectors") ||
1768 		    !strcmp(cp, "sectors/unit")) {
1769 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0) {
1770 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1771 				errors++;
1772 			} else
1773 				lp->d_secperunit = v;
1774 			continue;
1775 		}
1776 		if (!strcmp(cp, "rpm")) {
1777 			if (GETNUM16(tp, &v) != 0) {
1778 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1779 				errors++;
1780 			} else
1781 				lp->d_rpm = v;
1782 			continue;
1783 		}
1784 		if (!strcmp(cp, "interleave")) {
1785 			if (GETNUM16(tp, &v) != 0) {
1786 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1787 				errors++;
1788 			} else
1789 				lp->d_interleave = v;
1790 			continue;
1791 		}
1792 		if (!strcmp(cp, "trackskew")) {
1793 			if (GETNUM16(tp, &v) != 0) {
1794 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1795 				errors++;
1796 			} else
1797 				lp->d_trackskew = v;
1798 			continue;
1799 		}
1800 		if (!strcmp(cp, "cylinderskew")) {
1801 			if (GETNUM16(tp, &v) != 0) {
1802 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1803 				errors++;
1804 			} else
1805 				lp->d_cylskew = v;
1806 			continue;
1807 		}
1808 		if (!strcmp(cp, "headswitch")) {
1809 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0) {
1810 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1811 				errors++;
1812 			} else
1813 				lp->d_headswitch = v;
1814 			continue;
1815 		}
1816 		if (!strcmp(cp, "track-to-track seek")) {
1817 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0) {
1818 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1819 				errors++;
1820 			} else
1821 				lp->d_trkseek = v;
1822 			continue;
1823 		}
1824 		if ('a' > *cp || *cp > 'z' || cp[1] != '\0') {
1825 			warnx("line %d: unknown field: %s", lineno, cp);
1826 			errors++;
1827 			continue;
1828 		}
1829 
1830 		/* We have a partition entry */
1831 		part = *cp - 'a';
1832 
1833 		if (part >= maxpartitions) {
1834 			warnx("line %d: bad partition name: %s", lineno, cp);
1835 			errors++;
1836 			continue;
1837 		}
1838 		if (part >= __arraycount(lp->d_partitions)) {
1839 			warnx("line %d: partition id %s, >= %zu", lineno,
1840 			    cp, __arraycount(lp->d_partitions));
1841 			errors++;
1842 			continue;
1843 		}
1844 		pp = &lp->d_partitions[part];
1845 
1846 		NXTXNUM(pp->p_size);
1847 		NXTXNUM(pp->p_offset);
1848 		/* can't use word() here because of blanks in fstypenames[] */
1849 		tp += strspn(tp, " \t");
1850 		_CHECKLINE
1851 		cp = tp;
1852 		cpp = fstypenames;
1853 		for (; cpp < &fstypenames[FSMAXTYPES]; cpp++) {
1854 			s = *cpp;
1855 			if (s == NULL ||
1856 				(cp[strlen(s)] != ' ' &&
1857 				 cp[strlen(s)] != '\t' &&
1858 				 cp[strlen(s)] != '\0'))
1859 				continue;
1860 			if (!memcmp(s, cp, strlen(s))) {
1861 				pp->p_fstype = cpp - fstypenames;
1862 				tp += strlen(s);
1863 				if (*tp == '\0')
1864 					tp = NULL;
1865 				else {
1866 					tp += strspn(tp, " \t");
1867 					if (*tp == '\0')
1868 						tp = NULL;
1869 				}
1870 				goto gottype;
1871 			}
1872 		}
1873 		tp = word(cp);
1874 		if (isdigit(*cp & 0xff)) {
1875 			if (GETNUM8(cp, &v) != 0) {
1876 				warnx("line %d: syntax error", lineno);
1877 				errors++;
1878 			}
1879 		} else
1880 			v = FSMAXTYPES;
1881 		if ((unsigned)v >= FSMAXTYPES) {
1882 			warnx("line %d: warning, unknown file system type: %s",
1883 			    lineno, cp);
1884 			warnx("tip: use -l to see all valid file system "
1885 			    "types");
1886 			v = FS_UNUSED;
1887 		}
1888 		pp->p_fstype = v;
1889 gottype:
1890 		switch (pp->p_fstype) {
1891 
1892 		case FS_UNUSED:				/* XXX */
1893 			NXTNUM(pp->p_fsize);
1894 			if (pp->p_fsize == 0)
1895 				break;
1896 			NXTNUM(v);
1897 			pp->p_frag = v / pp->p_fsize;
1898 			break;
1899 
1900 		case FS_BSDFFS:
1901 		case FS_ADOS:
1902 		case FS_APPLEUFS:
1903 			NXTNUM(pp->p_fsize);
1904 			if (pp->p_fsize == 0)
1905 				break;
1906 			NXTNUM(v);
1907 			pp->p_frag = v / pp->p_fsize;
1908 			NXTNUM(pp->p_cpg);
1909 			break;
1910 		case FS_BSDLFS:
1911 			NXTNUM(pp->p_fsize);
1912 			if (pp->p_fsize == 0)
1913 				break;
1914 			NXTNUM(v);
1915 			pp->p_frag = v / pp->p_fsize;
1916 			NXTNUM(pp->p_sgs);
1917 			break;
1918 		case FS_EX2FS:
1919 			NXTNUM(pp->p_fsize);
1920 			if (pp->p_fsize == 0)
1921 				break;
1922 			NXTNUM(v);
1923 			pp->p_frag = v / pp->p_fsize;
1924 			break;
1925 		case FS_ISO9660:
1926 			NXTNUM(pp->p_cdsession);
1927 			break;
1928 		default:
1929 			break;
1930 		}
1931 		continue;
1932  error:
1933 		errors++;
1934  next:
1935 		;
1936 	}
1937 	errors += checklabel(lp);
1938 	return (errors == 0);
1939 }
1940 
1941 /*
1942  * Check disklabel for errors and fill in
1943  * derived fields according to supplied values.
1944  */
1945 int
1946 checklabel(struct disklabel *lp)
1947 {
1948 	struct partition *pp, *qp;
1949 	int	i, j, errors;
1950 	char	part;
1951 
1952 	errors = 0;
1953 	if (lp->d_secsize == 0) {
1954 		warnx("sector size %" PRIu32, lp->d_secsize);
1955 		return (1);
1956 	}
1957 	if (lp->d_nsectors == 0) {
1958 		warnx("sectors/track %" PRIu32, lp->d_nsectors);
1959 		return (1);
1960 	}
1961 	if (lp->d_ntracks == 0) {
1962 		warnx("tracks/cylinder %" PRIu32, lp->d_ntracks);
1963 		return (1);
1964 	}
1965 	if  (lp->d_ncylinders == 0) {
1966 		warnx("cylinders/unit %" PRIu32, lp->d_ncylinders);
1967 		errors++;
1968 	}
1969 	if (lp->d_rpm == 0)
1970 		warnx("warning, revolutions/minute %" PRIu16, lp->d_rpm);
1971 	if (lp->d_secpercyl == 0)
1972 		lp->d_secpercyl = lp->d_nsectors * lp->d_ntracks;
1973 	if (lp->d_secperunit == 0)
1974 		lp->d_secperunit = lp->d_secpercyl * lp->d_ncylinders;
1975 	if (lp->d_bbsize == 0) {
1976 		warnx("boot block size %" PRIu32, lp->d_bbsize);
1977 		errors++;
1978 	} else if (lp->d_bbsize % lp->d_secsize)
1979 		warnx("warning, boot block size %% sector-size != 0");
1980 	if (lp->d_sbsize == 0) {
1981 		warnx("super block size %" PRIu32, lp->d_sbsize);
1982 		errors++;
1983 	} else if (lp->d_sbsize % lp->d_secsize)
1984 		warnx("warning, super block size %% sector-size != 0");
1985 	if (lp->d_npartitions > maxpartitions)
1986 		warnx("warning, number of partitions (%" PRIu16 ") > "
1987 		    "MAXPARTITIONS (%d)",
1988 		    lp->d_npartitions, maxpartitions);
1989 	else
1990 		for (i = maxpartitions - 1; i >= lp->d_npartitions; i--) {
1991 			part = 'a' + i;
1992 			pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
1993 			if (pp->p_size || pp->p_offset) {
1994 				warnx("warning, partition %c increased "
1995 				    "number of partitions from %" PRIu16
1996 				    " to %d",
1997 				    part, lp->d_npartitions, i + 1);
1998 				lp->d_npartitions = i + 1;
1999 				break;
2000 			}
2001 		}
2002 	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
2003 		part = 'a' + i;
2004 		pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
2005 		if (pp->p_size == 0 && pp->p_offset != 0)
2006 			warnx("warning, partition %c: size 0, but "
2007 			    "offset %" PRIu32,
2008 			    part, pp->p_offset);
2009 #ifdef STRICT_CYLINDER_ALIGNMENT
2010 		if (pp->p_offset % lp->d_secpercyl) {
2011 			warnx("warning, partition %c:"
2012 			    " not starting on cylinder boundary",
2013 			    part);
2014 			errors++;
2015 		}
2016 #endif	/* STRICT_CYLINDER_ALIGNMENT */
2017 		if (pp->p_offset > lp->d_secperunit) {
2018 			warnx("partition %c: offset past end of unit", part);
2019 			errors++;
2020 		}
2021 		if (pp->p_offset + pp->p_size > lp->d_secperunit) {
2022 			warnx("partition %c: partition extends"
2023 			    " past end of unit",
2024 			    part);
2025 			errors++;
2026 		}
2027 		if (pp->p_fstype != FS_UNUSED)
2028 			for (j = i + 1; j < lp->d_npartitions; j++) {
2029 				qp = &lp->d_partitions[j];
2030 				if (qp->p_fstype == FS_UNUSED)
2031 					continue;
2032 				if (pp->p_offset < qp->p_offset + qp->p_size &&
2033 				    qp->p_offset < pp->p_offset + pp->p_size)
2034 					warnx("partitions %c and %c overlap",
2035 					    part, 'a' + j);
2036 			}
2037 	}
2038 	return (errors);
2039 }
2040 
2041 static void
2042 usage(void)
2043 {
2044 	static const struct {
2045 		const char *name;
2046 		const char *expn;
2047 	} usages[] = {
2048 	{ "[-ABCFMrtv] disk", "(to read label)" },
2049 	{ "-w [-BDFMrv] [-f disktab] disk disktype [packid]", "(to write label)" },
2050 	{ "-e [-BCDFMIrv] disk", "(to edit label)" },
2051 	{ "-i [-BDFMIrv] disk", "(to create a label interactively)" },
2052 	{ "-D [-v] disk", "(to delete existing label(s))" },
2053 	{ "-R [-BDFMrv] disk protofile", "(to restore label)" },
2054 	{ "[-NW] disk", "(to write disable/enable label)" },
2055 	{ "-l", "(to show all known file system types)" },
2056 	{ NULL, NULL }
2057 	};
2058 	int i;
2059 	const char *pn = getprogname();
2060 	const char *t = "usage:";
2061 
2062 	for (i = 0; usages[i].name != NULL; i++) {
2063 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s %s %s\n\t%s\n",
2064 		    t, pn, usages[i].name, usages[i].expn);
2065 		t = "or";
2066 	}
2067 	exit(1);
2068 }
2069 
2070 static int
2071 getulong(const char *str, char sep, char **epp, unsigned long *ul,
2072     unsigned long max)
2073 {
2074 	char *ep;
2075 
2076 	if (epp == NULL)
2077 		epp = &ep;
2078 
2079 	*ul = strtoul(str, epp, 10);
2080 
2081 	if ((*ul ==  ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE) || *ul > max)
2082 		return ERANGE;
2083 
2084 	if (*str == '\0' || (**epp != '\0' && **epp != sep &&
2085 	    !isspace((unsigned char)**epp)))
2086 		return EFTYPE;
2087 
2088 	return 0;
2089 }
2090 
2091 /*
2092  * This is a wrapper over the standard strcmp function to be used with
2093  * qsort on an array of pointers to strings.
2094  */
2095 static int
2096 qsort_strcmp(const void *v1, const void *v2)
2097 {
2098 	const char *const *sp1 = (const char *const *)v1;
2099 	const char *const *sp2 = (const char *const *)v2;
2100 
2101 	return strcmp(*sp1, *sp2);
2102 }
2103 
2104 /*
2105  * Prints all know file system types for a partition.
2106  * Returns 1 on success, 0 on failure.
2107  */
2108 int
2109 list_fs_types(void)
2110 {
2111 	int ret;
2112 	size_t nelems;
2113 
2114 	nelems = 0;
2115 	{
2116 		const char *const *namep;
2117 
2118 		namep = fstypenames;
2119 		while (*namep++ != NULL)
2120 			nelems++;
2121 	}
2122 
2123 	ret = 1;
2124 	if (nelems > 0) {
2125 		const char **list;
2126 		size_t i;
2127 
2128 		list = (const char **)malloc(sizeof(char *) * nelems);
2129 		if (list == NULL) {
2130 			warnx("sorry, could not allocate memory for list");
2131 			ret = 0;
2132 		} else {
2133 			for (i = 0; i < nelems; i++)
2134 				list[i] = fstypenames[i];
2135 
2136 			qsort(list, nelems, sizeof(char *), qsort_strcmp);
2137 
2138 			for (i = 0; i < nelems; i++)
2139 				(void)printf("%s\n", list[i]);
2140 
2141 			free(list);
2142 		}
2143 	}
2144 
2145 	return ret;
2146 }
2147 
2148 #ifndef HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
2149 int
2150 dk_ioctl(int f, u_long cmd, void *arg)
2151 {
2152 	if (!native_p) {
2153 		errno = ENOTTY;
2154 		return -1;
2155 	}
2156 	return ioctl(f, cmd, arg);
2157 }
2158 #endif
2159