xref: /netbsd-src/libexec/tftpd/tftpd.c (revision d0fed6c87ddc40a8bffa6f99e7433ddfc864dd83)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1983 Regents of the University of California.
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
16  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  */
33 
34 #ifndef lint
35 char copyright[] =
36 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1983 Regents of the University of California.\n\
37  All rights reserved.\n";
38 #endif /* not lint */
39 
40 #ifndef lint
41 /*static char sccsid[] = "from: @(#)tftpd.c	5.13 (Berkeley) 2/26/91";*/
42 static char rcsid[] = "$Id: tftpd.c,v 1.8 1997/04/22 10:33:07 mrg Exp $";
43 #endif /* not lint */
44 
45 /*
46  * Trivial file transfer protocol server.
47  *
48  * This version includes many modifications by Jim Guyton <guyton@rand-unix>
49  */
50 
51 #include <sys/types.h>
52 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
53 #include <sys/stat.h>
54 #include <signal.h>
55 #include <fcntl.h>
56 
57 #include <sys/socket.h>
58 #include <netinet/in.h>
59 #include <arpa/tftp.h>
60 #include <netdb.h>
61 
62 #include <setjmp.h>
63 #include <syslog.h>
64 #include <stdio.h>
65 #include <errno.h>
66 #include <ctype.h>
67 #include <string.h>
68 #include <stdlib.h>
69 
70 /* XXX svr4 defines UID_NOBODY and GID_NOBODY constants in <sys/param.h> */
71 #define UID_NOBODY	32767
72 #define GID_NOBODY	32766
73 
74 #define	TIMEOUT		5
75 
76 extern	int errno;
77 extern	char *__progname;
78 struct	sockaddr_in s_in = { AF_INET };
79 int	peer;
80 int	rexmtval = TIMEOUT;
81 int	maxtimeout = 5*TIMEOUT;
82 
83 #define	PKTSIZE	SEGSIZE+4
84 char	buf[PKTSIZE];
85 char	ackbuf[PKTSIZE];
86 struct	sockaddr_in from;
87 int	fromlen;
88 
89 #define MAXARG	4
90 char	*dirs[MAXARG+1];
91 
92 int	secure = 0;
93 
94 static void
95 usage()
96 {
97 	syslog(LOG_ERR, "Usage: %s [-s] [directory ...]\n", __progname);
98 	exit(1);
99 }
100 
101 main(argc, argv)
102 	int    argc;
103 	char **argv;
104 {
105 	register struct tftphdr *tp;
106 	register int n = 0;
107 	int on = 1;
108 	int fd = 0;
109 	int c;
110 
111 	openlog("tftpd", LOG_PID, LOG_DAEMON);
112 
113 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "s")) != -1)
114 		switch (c) {
115 		case 's':
116 			secure = 1;
117 			break;
118 
119 		default:
120 			usage();
121 			break;
122 		}
123 
124 	for (; optind != argc; optind++) {
125 		if (!secure) {
126 			if (n >= MAXARG) {
127 				syslog(LOG_ERR, "too many directories\n");
128 				exit(1);
129 			} else
130 				dirs[n++] = argv[optind];
131 		}
132 		if (chdir(argv[optind])) {
133 			syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: %m\n", argv[optind]);
134 			exit(1);
135 		}
136 	}
137 
138 	if (secure && chroot(".")) {
139 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "chroot: %m\n");
140 		exit(1);
141 	}
142 
143 	if (setgid(GID_NOBODY)) {
144 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "setgid: %m");
145 		exit(1);
146 	}
147 
148 	if (setgroups(0, NULL)) {
149 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "setgroups: %m");
150 		exit(1);
151 	}
152 
153 	if (setuid(UID_NOBODY)) {
154 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "setuid: %m");
155 		exit(1);
156 	}
157 
158 	if (ioctl(fd, FIONBIO, &on) < 0) {
159 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "ioctl(FIONBIO): %m\n");
160 		exit(1);
161 	}
162 	fromlen = sizeof (from);
163 	n = recvfrom(fd, buf, sizeof (buf), 0,
164 	    (struct sockaddr *)&from, &fromlen);
165 	if (n < 0) {
166 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "recvfrom: %m\n");
167 		exit(1);
168 	}
169 	/*
170 	 * Now that we have read the message out of the UDP
171 	 * socket, we fork and exit.  Thus, inetd will go back
172 	 * to listening to the tftp port, and the next request
173 	 * to come in will start up a new instance of tftpd.
174 	 *
175 	 * We do this so that inetd can run tftpd in "wait" mode.
176 	 * The problem with tftpd running in "nowait" mode is that
177 	 * inetd may get one or more successful "selects" on the
178 	 * tftp port before we do our receive, so more than one
179 	 * instance of tftpd may be started up.  Worse, if tftpd
180 	 * break before doing the above "recvfrom", inetd would
181 	 * spawn endless instances, clogging the system.
182 	 */
183 	{
184 		int pid;
185 		int i, j;
186 
187 		for (i = 1; i < 20; i++) {
188 		    pid = fork();
189 		    if (pid < 0) {
190 				sleep(i);
191 				/*
192 				 * flush out to most recently sent request.
193 				 *
194 				 * This may drop some request, but those
195 				 * will be resent by the clients when
196 				 * they timeout.  The positive effect of
197 				 * this flush is to (try to) prevent more
198 				 * than one tftpd being started up to service
199 				 * a single request from a single client.
200 				 */
201 				j = sizeof from;
202 				i = recvfrom(fd, buf, sizeof (buf), 0,
203 				    (struct sockaddr *)&from, &j);
204 				if (i > 0) {
205 					n = i;
206 					fromlen = j;
207 				}
208 		    } else {
209 				break;
210 		    }
211 		}
212 		if (pid < 0) {
213 			syslog(LOG_ERR, "fork: %m\n");
214 			exit(1);
215 		} else if (pid != 0) {
216 			exit(0);
217 		}
218 	}
219 	from.sin_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
220 	from.sin_family = AF_INET;
221 	alarm(0);
222 	close(fd);
223 	close(1);
224 	peer = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
225 	if (peer < 0) {
226 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "socket: %m\n");
227 		exit(1);
228 	}
229 	if (bind(peer, (struct sockaddr *)&s_in, sizeof (s_in)) < 0) {
230 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "bind: %m\n");
231 		exit(1);
232 	}
233 	if (connect(peer, (struct sockaddr *)&from, sizeof(from)) < 0) {
234 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "connect: %m\n");
235 		exit(1);
236 	}
237 	tp = (struct tftphdr *)buf;
238 	tp->th_opcode = ntohs(tp->th_opcode);
239 	if (tp->th_opcode == RRQ || tp->th_opcode == WRQ)
240 		tftp(tp, n);
241 	exit(1);
242 }
243 
244 int	validate_access();
245 int	sendfile(), recvfile();
246 
247 struct formats {
248 	char	*f_mode;
249 	int	(*f_validate)();
250 	int	(*f_send)();
251 	int	(*f_recv)();
252 	int	f_convert;
253 } formats[] = {
254 	{ "netascii",	validate_access,	sendfile,	recvfile, 1 },
255 	{ "octet",	validate_access,	sendfile,	recvfile, 0 },
256 #ifdef notdef
257 	{ "mail",	validate_user,		sendmail,	recvmail, 1 },
258 #endif
259 	{ 0 }
260 };
261 
262 /*
263  * Handle initial connection protocol.
264  */
265 tftp(tp, size)
266 	struct tftphdr *tp;
267 	int size;
268 {
269 	register char *cp;
270 	int first = 1, ecode;
271 	register struct formats *pf;
272 	char *filename, *mode;
273 
274 	filename = cp = tp->th_stuff;
275 again:
276 	while (cp < buf + size) {
277 		if (*cp == '\0')
278 			break;
279 		cp++;
280 	}
281 	if (*cp != '\0') {
282 		nak(EBADOP);
283 		exit(1);
284 	}
285 	if (first) {
286 		mode = ++cp;
287 		first = 0;
288 		goto again;
289 	}
290 	for (cp = mode; *cp; cp++)
291 		if (isupper(*cp))
292 			*cp = tolower(*cp);
293 	for (pf = formats; pf->f_mode; pf++)
294 		if (strcmp(pf->f_mode, mode) == 0)
295 			break;
296 	if (pf->f_mode == 0) {
297 		nak(EBADOP);
298 		exit(1);
299 	}
300 	ecode = (*pf->f_validate)(filename, tp->th_opcode);
301 	if (ecode) {
302 		nak(ecode);
303 		exit(1);
304 	}
305 	if (tp->th_opcode == WRQ)
306 		(*pf->f_recv)(pf);
307 	else
308 		(*pf->f_send)(pf);
309 	exit(0);
310 }
311 
312 
313 FILE *file;
314 
315 /*
316  * Validate file access.  Since we
317  * have no uid or gid, for now require
318  * file to exist and be publicly
319  * readable/writable.
320  * If we were invoked with arguments
321  * from inetd then the file must also be
322  * in one of the given directory prefixes.
323  * Note also, full path name must be
324  * given as we have no login directory.
325  */
326 validate_access(filename, mode)
327 	char *filename;
328 	int mode;
329 {
330 	struct stat stbuf;
331 	int	fd;
332 	char *cp, **dirp;
333 
334 	if (!secure) {
335 		if (*filename != '/')
336 			return (EACCESS);
337 		/*
338 		 * prevent tricksters from getting around the directory
339 		 * restrictions
340 		 */
341 		for (cp = filename + 1; *cp; cp++)
342 			if(*cp == '.' && strncmp(cp-1, "/../", 4) == 0)
343 				return(EACCESS);
344 		for (dirp = dirs; *dirp; dirp++)
345 			if (strncmp(filename, *dirp, strlen(*dirp)) == 0)
346 				break;
347 		if (*dirp==0 && dirp!=dirs)
348 			return (EACCESS);
349 	}
350 	if (stat(filename, &stbuf) < 0)
351 		return (errno == ENOENT ? ENOTFOUND : EACCESS);
352 	if (mode == RRQ) {
353 		if ((stbuf.st_mode&(S_IREAD >> 6)) == 0)
354 			return (EACCESS);
355 	} else {
356 		if ((stbuf.st_mode&(S_IWRITE >> 6)) == 0)
357 			return (EACCESS);
358 	}
359 	fd = open(filename, mode == RRQ ? 0 : 1);
360 	if (fd < 0)
361 		return (errno + 100);
362 	file = fdopen(fd, (mode == RRQ)? "r":"w");
363 	if (file == NULL) {
364 		return errno+100;
365 	}
366 	return (0);
367 }
368 
369 int	timeout;
370 jmp_buf	timeoutbuf;
371 
372 void
373 timer()
374 {
375 
376 	timeout += rexmtval;
377 	if (timeout >= maxtimeout)
378 		exit(1);
379 	longjmp(timeoutbuf, 1);
380 }
381 
382 /*
383  * Send the requested file.
384  */
385 sendfile(pf)
386 	struct formats *pf;
387 {
388 	struct tftphdr *dp, *r_init();
389 	register struct tftphdr *ap;    /* ack packet */
390 	register int block = 1, size, n;
391 
392 	signal(SIGALRM, timer);
393 	dp = r_init();
394 	ap = (struct tftphdr *)ackbuf;
395 	do {
396 		size = readit(file, &dp, pf->f_convert);
397 		if (size < 0) {
398 			nak(errno + 100);
399 			goto abort;
400 		}
401 		dp->th_opcode = htons((u_short)DATA);
402 		dp->th_block = htons((u_short)block);
403 		timeout = 0;
404 		(void) setjmp(timeoutbuf);
405 
406 send_data:
407 		if (send(peer, dp, size + 4, 0) != size + 4) {
408 			syslog(LOG_ERR, "tftpd: write: %m\n");
409 			goto abort;
410 		}
411 		read_ahead(file, pf->f_convert);
412 		for ( ; ; ) {
413 			alarm(rexmtval);        /* read the ack */
414 			n = recv(peer, ackbuf, sizeof (ackbuf), 0);
415 			alarm(0);
416 			if (n < 0) {
417 				syslog(LOG_ERR, "tftpd: read: %m\n");
418 				goto abort;
419 			}
420 			ap->th_opcode = ntohs((u_short)ap->th_opcode);
421 			ap->th_block = ntohs((u_short)ap->th_block);
422 
423 			if (ap->th_opcode == ERROR)
424 				goto abort;
425 
426 			if (ap->th_opcode == ACK) {
427 				if (ap->th_block == block) {
428 					break;
429 				}
430 				/* Re-synchronize with the other side */
431 				(void) synchnet(peer);
432 				if (ap->th_block == (block -1)) {
433 					goto send_data;
434 				}
435 			}
436 
437 		}
438 		block++;
439 	} while (size == SEGSIZE);
440 abort:
441 	(void) fclose(file);
442 }
443 
444 void
445 justquit()
446 {
447 	exit(0);
448 }
449 
450 
451 /*
452  * Receive a file.
453  */
454 recvfile(pf)
455 	struct formats *pf;
456 {
457 	struct tftphdr *dp, *w_init();
458 	register struct tftphdr *ap;    /* ack buffer */
459 	register int block = 0, n, size;
460 
461 	signal(SIGALRM, timer);
462 	dp = w_init();
463 	ap = (struct tftphdr *)ackbuf;
464 	do {
465 		timeout = 0;
466 		ap->th_opcode = htons((u_short)ACK);
467 		ap->th_block = htons((u_short)block);
468 		block++;
469 		(void) setjmp(timeoutbuf);
470 send_ack:
471 		if (send(peer, ackbuf, 4, 0) != 4) {
472 			syslog(LOG_ERR, "tftpd: write: %m\n");
473 			goto abort;
474 		}
475 		write_behind(file, pf->f_convert);
476 		for ( ; ; ) {
477 			alarm(rexmtval);
478 			n = recv(peer, dp, PKTSIZE, 0);
479 			alarm(0);
480 			if (n < 0) {            /* really? */
481 				syslog(LOG_ERR, "tftpd: read: %m\n");
482 				goto abort;
483 			}
484 			dp->th_opcode = ntohs((u_short)dp->th_opcode);
485 			dp->th_block = ntohs((u_short)dp->th_block);
486 			if (dp->th_opcode == ERROR)
487 				goto abort;
488 			if (dp->th_opcode == DATA) {
489 				if (dp->th_block == block) {
490 					break;   /* normal */
491 				}
492 				/* Re-synchronize with the other side */
493 				(void) synchnet(peer);
494 				if (dp->th_block == (block-1))
495 					goto send_ack;          /* rexmit */
496 			}
497 		}
498 		/*  size = write(file, dp->th_data, n - 4); */
499 		size = writeit(file, &dp, n - 4, pf->f_convert);
500 		if (size != (n-4)) {                    /* ahem */
501 			if (size < 0) nak(errno + 100);
502 			else nak(ENOSPACE);
503 			goto abort;
504 		}
505 	} while (size == SEGSIZE);
506 	write_behind(file, pf->f_convert);
507 	(void) fclose(file);            /* close data file */
508 
509 	ap->th_opcode = htons((u_short)ACK);    /* send the "final" ack */
510 	ap->th_block = htons((u_short)(block));
511 	(void) send(peer, ackbuf, 4, 0);
512 
513 	signal(SIGALRM, justquit);      /* just quit on timeout */
514 	alarm(rexmtval);
515 	n = recv(peer, buf, sizeof (buf), 0); /* normally times out and quits */
516 	alarm(0);
517 	if (n >= 4 &&                   /* if read some data */
518 	    dp->th_opcode == DATA &&    /* and got a data block */
519 	    block == dp->th_block) {	/* then my last ack was lost */
520 		(void) send(peer, ackbuf, 4, 0);     /* resend final ack */
521 	}
522 abort:
523 	return;
524 }
525 
526 struct errmsg {
527 	int	e_code;
528 	char	*e_msg;
529 } errmsgs[] = {
530 	{ EUNDEF,	"Undefined error code" },
531 	{ ENOTFOUND,	"File not found" },
532 	{ EACCESS,	"Access violation" },
533 	{ ENOSPACE,	"Disk full or allocation exceeded" },
534 	{ EBADOP,	"Illegal TFTP operation" },
535 	{ EBADID,	"Unknown transfer ID" },
536 	{ EEXISTS,	"File already exists" },
537 	{ ENOUSER,	"No such user" },
538 	{ -1,		0 }
539 };
540 
541 /*
542  * Send a nak packet (error message).
543  * Error code passed in is one of the
544  * standard TFTP codes, or a UNIX errno
545  * offset by 100.
546  */
547 nak(error)
548 	int error;
549 {
550 	register struct tftphdr *tp;
551 	int length;
552 	register struct errmsg *pe;
553 
554 	tp = (struct tftphdr *)buf;
555 	tp->th_opcode = htons((u_short)ERROR);
556 	tp->th_code = htons((u_short)error);
557 	for (pe = errmsgs; pe->e_code >= 0; pe++)
558 		if (pe->e_code == error)
559 			break;
560 	if (pe->e_code < 0) {
561 		pe->e_msg = strerror(error - 100);
562 		tp->th_code = EUNDEF;   /* set 'undef' errorcode */
563 	}
564 	strcpy(tp->th_msg, pe->e_msg);
565 	length = strlen(pe->e_msg);
566 	tp->th_msg[length] = '\0';
567 	length += 5;
568 	if (send(peer, buf, length, 0) != length)
569 		syslog(LOG_ERR, "nak: %m\n");
570 }
571