xref: /netbsd-src/libexec/ld.elf_so/rtld.h (revision a5847cc334d9a7029f6352b847e9e8d71a0f9e0c)
1 /*	$NetBSD: rtld.h,v 1.106 2011/06/25 05:45:12 nonaka Exp $	 */
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright 1996 John D. Polstra.
5  * Copyright 1996 Matt Thomas <matt@3am-software.com>
6  * All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
17  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
18  *      This product includes software developed by John Polstra.
19  * 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
20  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
24  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
25  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
26  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
27  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
28  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
29  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
30  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
31  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
32  */
33 
34 #ifndef RTLD_H
35 #define RTLD_H
36 
37 #include <dlfcn.h>
38 #include <signal.h>
39 #include <stdbool.h>
40 #include <stddef.h>
41 #include <sys/param.h>
42 #include <sys/types.h>
43 #include <sys/queue.h>
44 #include <sys/exec_elf.h>
45 #include <sys/tls.h>
46 #include "rtldenv.h"
47 #include "link.h"
48 
49 #if defined(_RTLD_SOURCE)
50 
51 #ifndef	RTLD_DEFAULT_LIBRARY_PATH
52 #define	RTLD_DEFAULT_LIBRARY_PATH	"/usr/lib"
53 #endif
54 #define _PATH_LD_HINTS			"/etc/ld.so.conf"
55 
56 extern size_t _rtld_pagesz;
57 
58 #define round_down(x)	((x) & ~(_rtld_pagesz - 1))
59 #define round_up(x)	round_down((x) + _rtld_pagesz - 1)
60 
61 #define NEW(type)	((type *) xmalloc(sizeof(type)))
62 #define CNEW(type)	((type *) xcalloc(sizeof(type)))
63 
64 /*
65  * Fill in a DoneList with an allocation large enough to hold all of
66  * the currently-loaded objects. Keep this in a macro since it calls
67  * alloca and we want that to occur within the scope of the caller.
68  */
69 #define _rtld_donelist_init(dlp)					\
70     ((dlp)->num_alloc = _rtld_objcount,					\
71     (dlp)->objs = alloca((dlp)->num_alloc * sizeof((dlp)->objs[0])),	\
72     assert((dlp)->objs != NULL),					\
73     (dlp)->num_used = 0)
74 
75 #endif /* _RTLD_SOURCE */
76 
77 /*
78  * C++ has mandated the use of the following keywords for its new boolean
79  * type.  We might as well follow their lead.
80  */
81 struct Struct_Obj_Entry;
82 
83 typedef struct Struct_Objlist_Entry {
84 	SIMPLEQ_ENTRY(Struct_Objlist_Entry) link;
85 	struct Struct_Obj_Entry *obj;
86 } Objlist_Entry;
87 
88 typedef SIMPLEQ_HEAD(Struct_Objlist, Struct_Objlist_Entry) Objlist;
89 
90 typedef struct Struct_Name_Entry {
91 	STAILQ_ENTRY(Struct_Name_Entry)	link;
92 	char	name[1];
93 } Name_Entry;
94 
95 typedef struct Struct_Needed_Entry {
96 	struct Struct_Needed_Entry *next;
97 	struct Struct_Obj_Entry *obj;
98 	unsigned long   name;	/* Offset of name in string table */
99 } Needed_Entry;
100 
101 typedef struct _rtld_search_path_t {
102 	struct _rtld_search_path_t *sp_next;
103 	const char     *sp_path;
104 	size_t          sp_pathlen;
105 } Search_Path;
106 
107 typedef struct Struct_Ver_Entry {
108 	Elf_Word        hash;
109 	u_int           flags;
110 	const char     *name;
111 	const char     *file;
112 } Ver_Entry;
113 
114 /* Ver_Entry.flags */
115 #define VER_INFO_HIDDEN	0x01
116 
117 
118 #define RTLD_MAX_ENTRY 10
119 #define RTLD_MAX_LIBRARY 4
120 #define RTLD_MAX_CTL 2
121 typedef struct _rtld_library_xform_t {
122 	struct _rtld_library_xform_t *next;
123 	char *name;
124 	const char *ctlname;
125 	struct {
126 		char *value;
127 		char *library[RTLD_MAX_LIBRARY];
128 	} entry[RTLD_MAX_ENTRY];
129 } Library_Xform;
130 
131 /*
132  * Shared object descriptor.
133  *
134  * Items marked with "(%)" are dynamically allocated, and must be freed
135  * when the structure is destroyed.
136  *
137  * The layout of this structure needs to be preserved because pre-2.0 binaries
138  * hard-coded the location of dlopen() and friends.
139  */
140 
141 #define RTLD_MAGIC	0xd550b87a
142 #define RTLD_VERSION	1
143 
144 typedef struct Struct_Obj_Entry {
145 	Elf32_Word      magic;		/* Magic number (sanity check) */
146 	Elf32_Word      version;	/* Version number of struct format */
147 
148 	struct Struct_Obj_Entry *next;
149 	char           *path;		/* Pathname of underlying file (%) */
150 	int             refcount;
151 	int             dl_refcount;	/* Number of times loaded by dlopen */
152 
153 	/* These items are computed by map_object() or by digest_phdr(). */
154 	caddr_t         mapbase;	/* Base address of mapped region */
155 	size_t          mapsize;	/* Size of mapped region in bytes */
156 	size_t          textsize;	/* Size of text segment in bytes */
157 	Elf_Addr        vaddrbase;	/* Base address in shared object file */
158 	caddr_t         relocbase;	/* Reloc const = mapbase - *vaddrbase */
159 	Elf_Dyn        *dynamic;	/* Dynamic section */
160 	caddr_t         entry;		/* Entry point */
161 	const Elf_Phdr *phdr;		/* Program header (may be xmalloc'ed) */
162 	size_t		phsize;		/* Size of program header in bytes */
163 
164 	/* Items from the dynamic section. */
165 	Elf_Addr       *pltgot;		/* PLTGOT table */
166 	const Elf_Rel  *rel;		/* Relocation entries */
167 	const Elf_Rel  *rellim;		/* Limit of Relocation entries */
168 	const Elf_Rela *rela;		/* Relocation entries */
169 	const Elf_Rela *relalim;	/* Limit of Relocation entries */
170 	const Elf_Rel  *pltrel;		/* PLT relocation entries */
171 	const Elf_Rel  *pltrellim;	/* Limit of PLT relocation entries */
172 	const Elf_Rela *pltrela;	/* PLT relocation entries */
173 	const Elf_Rela *pltrelalim;	/* Limit of PLT relocation entries */
174 	const Elf_Sym  *symtab;		/* Symbol table */
175 	const char     *strtab;		/* String table */
176 	unsigned long   strsize;	/* Size in bytes of string table */
177 #ifdef __mips__
178 	Elf_Word        local_gotno;	/* Number of local GOT entries */
179 	Elf_Word        symtabno;	/* Number of dynamic symbols */
180 	Elf_Word        gotsym;		/* First dynamic symbol in GOT */
181 #endif
182 
183 	const Elf_Symindx *buckets;	/* Hash table buckets array */
184 	unsigned long	unused1;	/* Used to be nbuckets */
185 	const Elf_Symindx *chains;	/* Hash table chain array */
186 	unsigned long   nchains;	/* Number of chains */
187 
188 	Search_Path    *rpaths;		/* Search path specified in object */
189 	Needed_Entry   *needed;		/* Shared objects needed by this (%) */
190 
191 	void            (*init)(void); 	/* Initialization function to call */
192 	void            (*fini)(void);	/* Termination function to call */
193 
194 	/* Entry points for dlopen() and friends. */
195 	void           *(*dlopen)(const char *, int);
196 	void           *(*dlsym)(void *, const char *);
197 	void           *(*dlvsym)(void *, const char *, const char *);
198 	char           *(*dlerror)(void);
199 	int             (*dlclose)(void *);
200 	int             (*dladdr)(const void *, Dl_info *);
201 
202 	u_int32_t	mainprog:1,	/* True if this is the main program */
203 	        	rtld:1,		/* True if this is the dynamic linker */
204 			textrel:1,	/* True if there are relocations to
205 					 * text seg */
206 			symbolic:1,	/* True if generated with
207 					 * "-Bsymbolic" */
208 			printed:1,	/* True if ldd has printed it */
209 			isdynamic:1,	/* True if this is a pure PIC object */
210 			mainref:1,	/* True if on _rtld_list_main */
211 			globalref:1,	/* True if on _rtld_list_global */
212 			init_done:1,	/* True if .init has been added */
213 			init_called:1,	/* True if .init function has been
214 					 * called */
215 			fini_called:1,	/* True if .fini function has been
216 					 * called */
217 			z_now:1,	/* True if object's symbols should be
218 					   bound immediately */
219 			z_nodelete:1,	/* True if object should never be
220 					   unloaded */
221 			z_initfirst:1,	/* True if object's .init/.fini take
222 					 * priority over others */
223 			z_noopen:1,	/* True if object should never be
224 					   dlopen'ed */
225 			phdr_loaded:1,	/* Phdr is loaded and doesn't need to
226 					 * be freed. */
227 #if defined(__HAVE_TLS_VARIANT_I) || defined(__HAVE_TLS_VARIANT_II)
228 			tls_done:1,	/* True if static TLS offset
229 					 * has been allocated */
230 #endif
231 			ref_nodel:1;	/* Refcount increased to prevent dlclose */
232 
233 	struct link_map linkmap;	/* for GDB */
234 
235 	/* These items are computed by map_object() or by digest_phdr(). */
236 	const char     *interp;	/* Pathname of the interpreter, if any */
237 	Objlist         dldags;	/* Object belongs to these dlopened DAGs (%) */
238 	Objlist         dagmembers;	/* DAG has these members (%) */
239 	dev_t           dev;		/* Object's filesystem's device */
240 	ino_t           ino;		/* Object's inode number */
241 
242 	void		*ehdr;
243 
244 	uint32_t        nbuckets;	/* Number of buckets */
245 	uint32_t        nbuckets_m;	/* Precomputed for fast remainder */
246 	uint8_t         nbuckets_s1;
247 	uint8_t         nbuckets_s2;
248 	size_t		pathlen;	/* Pathname length */
249 	STAILQ_HEAD(, Struct_Name_Entry) names;	/* List of names for this object we
250 						   know about. */
251 
252 #ifdef __powerpc__
253 	Elf_Addr       *gotptr;		/* GOT table (secure-plt only) */
254 #endif
255 
256 #if defined(__HAVE_TLS_VARIANT_I) || defined(__HAVE_TLS_VARIANT_II)
257 	/* Thread Local Storage support for this module */
258 	size_t		tlsindex;	/* Index in DTV */
259 	void		*tlsinit;	/* Base address of TLS init block */
260 	size_t		tlsinitsize;	/* Size of TLS init block */
261 	size_t		tlssize;	/* Size of TLS block */
262 	size_t		tlsoffset;	/* Offset in the static TLS block */
263 	size_t		tlsalign;	/* Needed alignment for static TLS */
264 #endif
265 
266 	/* symbol versioning */
267 	const Elf_Verneed *verneed;	/* Required versions. */
268 	Elf_Word	verneednum;	/* Number of entries in verneed table */
269 	const Elf_Verdef  *verdef;	/* Provided versions. */
270 	Elf_Word	verdefnum;	/* Number of entries in verdef table */
271 	const Elf_Versym *versyms;	/* Symbol versions table */
272 
273 	Ver_Entry	*vertab;	/* Versions required/defined by this
274 					 * object */
275 	int		vertabnum;	/* Number of entries in vertab */
276 } Obj_Entry;
277 
278 typedef struct Struct_DoneList {
279 	const Obj_Entry **objs;		/* Array of object pointers */
280 	unsigned int num_alloc;		/* Allocated size of the array */
281 	unsigned int num_used;		/* Number of array slots used */
282 } DoneList;
283 
284 
285 #if defined(_RTLD_SOURCE)
286 
287 extern struct r_debug _rtld_debug;
288 extern Search_Path *_rtld_default_paths;
289 extern Obj_Entry *_rtld_objlist;
290 extern Obj_Entry **_rtld_objtail;
291 extern u_int _rtld_objcount;
292 extern u_int _rtld_objloads;
293 extern Obj_Entry *_rtld_objmain;
294 extern Obj_Entry _rtld_objself;
295 extern Search_Path *_rtld_paths;
296 extern Library_Xform *_rtld_xforms;
297 extern bool _rtld_trust;
298 extern Objlist _rtld_list_global;
299 extern Objlist _rtld_list_main;
300 extern Elf_Sym _rtld_sym_zero;
301 
302 #define	RTLD_MODEMASK 0x3
303 
304 /* Flags to be passed into _rtld_symlook_ family of functions. */
305 #define SYMLOOK_IN_PLT	0x01	/* Lookup for PLT symbol */
306 #define SYMLOOK_DLSYM	0x02	/* Return newes versioned symbol.
307 				   Used by dlsym. */
308 
309 /* Flags for _rtld_load_object() and friends. */
310 #define	_RTLD_GLOBAL	0x01	/* Add object to global DAG. */
311 #define	_RTLD_MAIN	0x02
312 #define	_RTLD_NOLOAD	0x04	/* dlopen() specified RTLD_NOLOAD. */
313 #define	_RTLD_DLOPEN	0x08	/* Load_object() called from dlopen(). */
314 
315 /* Preallocation for static TLS model */
316 #define	RTLD_STATIC_TLS_RESERVATION	64
317 
318 /* rtld.c */
319 
320 /* We export these symbols using _rtld_symbol_lookup and is_exported. */
321 __dso_public char *dlerror(void);
322 __dso_public void *dlopen(const char *, int);
323 __dso_public void *dlsym(void *, const char *);
324 __dso_public int dlclose(void *);
325 __dso_public int dladdr(const void *, Dl_info *);
326 __dso_public int dlinfo(void *, int, void *);
327 __dso_public int dl_iterate_phdr(int (*)(struct dl_phdr_info *, size_t, void *),
328     void *);
329 
330 /* These aren't exported */
331 void _rtld_error(const char *, ...)
332      __attribute__((__format__(__printf__,1,2)));
333 void _rtld_die(void) __attribute__((__noreturn__));
334 void *_rtld_objmain_sym(const char *);
335 __dso_public void _rtld_debug_state(void);
336 void _rtld_linkmap_add(Obj_Entry *);
337 void _rtld_linkmap_delete(Obj_Entry *);
338 void _rtld_objlist_push_head(Objlist *, Obj_Entry *);
339 void _rtld_objlist_push_tail(Objlist *, Obj_Entry *);
340 Objlist_Entry *_rtld_objlist_find(Objlist *, const Obj_Entry *);
341 void _rtld_ref_dag(Obj_Entry *);
342 
343 void _rtld_shared_enter(void);
344 void _rtld_shared_exit(void);
345 void _rtld_exclusive_enter(sigset_t *);
346 void _rtld_exclusive_exit(sigset_t *);
347 
348 /* expand.c */
349 size_t _rtld_expand_path(char *, size_t, const char *, const char *,\
350     const char *);
351 
352 /* headers.c */
353 void _rtld_digest_dynamic(const char *, Obj_Entry *);
354 Obj_Entry *_rtld_digest_phdr(const Elf_Phdr *, int, caddr_t);
355 
356 /* load.c */
357 Obj_Entry *_rtld_load_object(const char *, int);
358 int _rtld_load_needed_objects(Obj_Entry *, int);
359 int _rtld_preload(const char *);
360 
361 #define	OBJ_ERR	(Obj_Entry *)(-1)
362 /* path.c */
363 void _rtld_add_paths(const char *, Search_Path **, const char *);
364 void _rtld_process_hints(const char *, Search_Path **, Library_Xform **,
365     const char *);
366 int _rtld_sysctl(const char *, void *, size_t *);
367 
368 /* reloc.c */
369 int _rtld_do_copy_relocations(const Obj_Entry *);
370 int _rtld_relocate_objects(Obj_Entry *, bool);
371 int _rtld_relocate_nonplt_objects(Obj_Entry *);
372 int _rtld_relocate_plt_lazy(const Obj_Entry *);
373 int _rtld_relocate_plt_objects(const Obj_Entry *);
374 void _rtld_setup_pltgot(const Obj_Entry *);
375 
376 /* search.c */
377 Obj_Entry *_rtld_load_library(const char *, const Obj_Entry *, int);
378 
379 /* symbol.c */
380 unsigned long _rtld_elf_hash(const char *);
381 const Elf_Sym *_rtld_symlook_obj(const char *, unsigned long,
382     const Obj_Entry *, u_int, const Ver_Entry *);
383 const Elf_Sym *_rtld_find_symdef(unsigned long, const Obj_Entry *,
384     const Obj_Entry **, u_int);
385 const Elf_Sym *_rtld_find_plt_symdef(unsigned long, const Obj_Entry *,
386     const Obj_Entry **, bool);
387 
388 const Elf_Sym *_rtld_symlook_list(const char *, unsigned long,
389     const Objlist *, const Obj_Entry **, u_int, const Ver_Entry *, DoneList *);
390 const Elf_Sym *_rtld_symlook_default(const char *, unsigned long,
391     const Obj_Entry *, const Obj_Entry **, u_int, const Ver_Entry *);
392 const Elf_Sym *_rtld_symlook_needed(const char *, unsigned long,
393     const Needed_Entry *, const Obj_Entry **, u_int, const Ver_Entry *,
394     DoneList *, DoneList *);
395 #ifdef COMBRELOC
396 void _rtld_combreloc_reset(const Obj_Entry *);
397 #endif
398 
399 /* symver.c */
400 int _rtld_object_match_name(const Obj_Entry *, const char *);
401 int _rtld_verify_object_versions(Obj_Entry *);
402 
403 static __inline const Ver_Entry *
404 _rtld_fetch_ventry(const Obj_Entry *obj, unsigned long symnum)
405 {
406 	Elf_Half vernum;
407 
408 	if (obj->vertab) {
409 		vernum = VER_NDX(obj->versyms[symnum].vs_vers);
410 		if (vernum >= obj->vertabnum) {
411 			_rtld_error("%s: symbol %s has wrong verneed value %d",
412 			    obj->path, &obj->strtab[symnum], vernum);
413 		} else if (obj->vertab[vernum].hash) {
414 			return &obj->vertab[vernum];
415 		}
416 	}
417 	return NULL;
418 }
419 
420 #if defined(__HAVE_TLS_VARIANT_I) || defined(__HAVE_TLS_VARIANT_II)
421 /* tls.c */
422 void *_rtld_tls_get_addr(void *, size_t, size_t);
423 void _rtld_tls_initial_allocation(void);
424 void *_rtld_tls_module_allocate(size_t index);
425 int _rtld_tls_offset_allocate(Obj_Entry *);
426 void _rtld_tls_offset_free(Obj_Entry *);
427 
428 extern size_t _rtld_tls_dtv_generation;
429 extern size_t _rtld_tls_max_index;
430 
431 __dso_public extern void *__tls_get_addr(void *);
432 #ifdef __i386__
433 __dso_public extern void *___tls_get_addr(void *)
434     __attribute__((__regparm__(1)));
435 #endif
436 #endif
437 
438 /* map_object.c */
439 struct stat;
440 Obj_Entry *_rtld_map_object(const char *, int, const struct stat *);
441 void _rtld_obj_free(Obj_Entry *);
442 Obj_Entry *_rtld_obj_new(void);
443 
444 /* function descriptors */
445 #ifdef __HAVE_FUNCTION_DESCRIPTORS
446 Elf_Addr _rtld_function_descriptor_alloc(const Obj_Entry *,
447     const Elf_Sym *, Elf_Addr);
448 const void *_rtld_function_descriptor_function(const void *);
449 #endif /* __HAVE_FUNCTION_DESCRIPTORS */
450 
451 #endif /* _RTLD_SOURCE */
452 
453 #endif /* RTLD_H */
454