xref: /netbsd-src/lib/libutil/passwd.c (revision db6316d1518382eecd2fdbe55a1205e0620a1b35)
1 /*	$NetBSD: passwd.c,v 1.37 2004/12/11 06:41:15 christos Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
33 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
34 __RCSID("$NetBSD: passwd.c,v 1.37 2004/12/11 06:41:15 christos Exp $");
35 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
36 
37 #include <sys/types.h>
38 #include <sys/param.h>
39 #include <sys/stat.h>
40 #include <sys/time.h>
41 #include <sys/resource.h>
42 #include <sys/wait.h>
43 
44 #include <assert.h>
45 #include <ctype.h>
46 #include <err.h>
47 #include <errno.h>
48 #include <fcntl.h>
49 #include <limits.h>
50 #include <paths.h>
51 #include <pwd.h>
52 #include <signal.h>
53 #include <stdio.h>
54 #include <stdlib.h>
55 #include <string.h>
56 #include <unistd.h>
57 #include <util.h>
58 
59 static const char      *pw_filename(const char *filename);
60 static void		pw_cont(int sig);
61 static int		pw_equal(char *buf, struct passwd *old_pw);
62 static const char      *pw_default(const char *option);
63 static int		read_line(FILE *fp, char *line, int max);
64 static void		trim_whitespace(char *line);
65 
66 static	char	pw_prefix[MAXPATHLEN];
67 
68 const char *
69 pw_getprefix(void)
70 {
71 
72 	return(pw_prefix);
73 }
74 
75 int
76 pw_setprefix(const char *new_prefix)
77 {
78 	size_t length;
79 
80 	_DIAGASSERT(new_prefix != NULL);
81 
82 	length = strlen(new_prefix);
83 	if (length < sizeof(pw_prefix)) {
84 		(void)strcpy(pw_prefix, new_prefix);
85 		while (length > 0 && pw_prefix[length - 1] == '/')
86 			pw_prefix[--length] = '\0';
87 		return(0);
88 	}
89 	errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
90 	return(-1);
91 }
92 
93 static const char *
94 pw_filename(const char *filename)
95 {
96 	static char newfilename[MAXPATHLEN];
97 
98 	_DIAGASSERT(filename != NULL);
99 
100 	if (pw_prefix[0] == '\0')
101 		return filename;
102 
103 	if (strlen(pw_prefix) + strlen(filename) < sizeof(newfilename))
104 		return strcat(strcpy(newfilename, pw_prefix), filename);
105 
106 	errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
107 	return(NULL);
108 }
109 
110 int
111 pw_lock(int retries)
112 {
113 	const char *filename;
114 	int i, fd;
115 	mode_t old_mode;
116 	int oerrno;
117 
118 	/* Acquire the lock file. */
119 	filename = pw_filename(_PATH_MASTERPASSWD_LOCK);
120 	if (filename == NULL)
121 		return(-1);
122 	old_mode = umask(0);
123 	fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0600);
124 	for (i = 0; i < retries && fd < 0 && errno == EEXIST; i++) {
125 		sleep(1);
126 		fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_EXCL,
127 			  0600);
128 	}
129 	oerrno = errno;
130 	(void)umask(old_mode);
131 	errno = oerrno;
132 	return(fd);
133 }
134 
135 int
136 pw_mkdb(username, secureonly)
137 	const char *username;
138 	int secureonly;
139 {
140 	const char *args[9];
141 	int pstat, i;
142 	pid_t pid;
143 
144 	pid = vfork();
145 	if (pid == -1)
146 		return (-1);
147 
148 	if (pid == 0) {
149 		args[0] = "pwd_mkdb";
150 		args[1] = "-d";
151 		args[2] = pw_prefix;
152 		args[3] = "-p";
153 		i = 4;
154 
155 		if (secureonly)
156 			args[i++] = "-s";
157 		if (username != NULL) {
158 			args[i++] = "-u";
159 			args[i++] = username;
160 		}
161 
162 		args[i++] = pw_filename(_PATH_MASTERPASSWD_LOCK);
163 		args[i] = NULL;
164 		execv(_PATH_PWD_MKDB, (char * const *)__UNCONST(args));
165 		_exit(1);
166 	}
167 	pid = waitpid(pid, &pstat, 0);
168 	if (pid == -1 || !WIFEXITED(pstat) || WEXITSTATUS(pstat) != 0)
169 		return(-1);
170 	return(0);
171 }
172 
173 int
174 pw_abort(void)
175 {
176 	const char *filename;
177 
178 	filename = pw_filename(_PATH_MASTERPASSWD_LOCK);
179 	return((filename == NULL) ? -1 : unlink(filename));
180 }
181 
182 /* Everything below this point is intended for the convenience of programs
183  * which allow a user to interactively edit the passwd file.  Errors in the
184  * routines below will cause the process to abort. */
185 
186 static pid_t editpid = -1;
187 
188 static void
189 pw_cont(int sig)
190 {
191 
192 	if (editpid != -1)
193 		kill(editpid, sig);
194 }
195 
196 void
197 pw_init(void)
198 {
199 	struct rlimit rlim;
200 
201 	/* Unlimited resource limits. */
202 	rlim.rlim_cur = rlim.rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY;
203 	(void)setrlimit(RLIMIT_CPU, &rlim);
204 	(void)setrlimit(RLIMIT_FSIZE, &rlim);
205 	(void)setrlimit(RLIMIT_STACK, &rlim);
206 	(void)setrlimit(RLIMIT_DATA, &rlim);
207 	(void)setrlimit(RLIMIT_RSS, &rlim);
208 
209 	/* Don't drop core (not really necessary, but GP's). */
210 	rlim.rlim_cur = rlim.rlim_max = 0;
211 	(void)setrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &rlim);
212 
213 	/* Turn off signals. */
214 	(void)signal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
215 	(void)signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN);
216 	(void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
217 	(void)signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
218 	(void)signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
219 	(void)signal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN);
220 	(void)signal(SIGCONT, pw_cont);
221 }
222 
223 void
224 pw_edit(int notsetuid, const char *filename)
225 {
226 	int pstat;
227 	char *p;
228 	const char *editor;
229 	const char *argp[] = { "sh", "-c", NULL, NULL };
230 
231 #ifdef __GNUC__
232 	(void) &editor;
233 #endif
234 
235 	if (filename == NULL)
236 		filename = _PATH_MASTERPASSWD_LOCK;
237 
238 	filename = pw_filename(filename);
239 	if (filename == NULL)
240 		return;
241 
242 	if ((editor = getenv("EDITOR")) == NULL)
243 		editor = _PATH_VI;
244 
245 	p = malloc(strlen(editor) + 1 + strlen(filename) + 1);
246 	if (p == NULL)
247 		return;
248 
249 	sprintf(p, "%s %s", editor, filename);
250 	argp[2] = p;
251 
252 	switch(editpid = vfork()) {
253 	case -1:
254 		free(p);
255 		return;
256 	case 0:
257 		if (notsetuid) {
258 			setgid(getgid());
259 			setuid(getuid());
260 		}
261 		execvp(_PATH_BSHELL, (char *const *)__UNCONST(argp));
262 		_exit(1);
263 	}
264 
265 	free(p);
266 
267 	for (;;) {
268 		editpid = waitpid(editpid, (int *)&pstat, WUNTRACED);
269 		if (editpid == -1)
270 			pw_error(editor, 1, 1);
271 		else if (WIFSTOPPED(pstat))
272 			raise(WSTOPSIG(pstat));
273 		else if (WIFEXITED(pstat) && WEXITSTATUS(pstat) == 0)
274 			break;
275 		else
276 			pw_error(editor, 1, 1);
277 	}
278 	editpid = -1;
279 }
280 
281 void
282 pw_prompt(void)
283 {
284 	int c;
285 
286 	(void)printf("re-edit the password file? [y]: ");
287 	(void)fflush(stdout);
288 	c = getchar();
289 	if (c != EOF && c != '\n')
290 		while (getchar() != '\n');
291 	if (c == 'n')
292 		pw_error(NULL, 0, 0);
293 }
294 
295 /* for use in pw_copy(). Compare a pw entry to a pw struct. */
296 static int
297 pw_equal(char *buf, struct passwd *pw)
298 {
299 	struct passwd buf_pw;
300 	int len;
301 
302 	_DIAGASSERT(buf != NULL);
303 	_DIAGASSERT(pw != NULL);
304 
305 	len = strlen (buf);
306 	if (buf[len-1] == '\n')
307 		buf[len-1] = '\0';
308 	if (!pw_scan(buf, &buf_pw, NULL))
309 		return 0;
310 	return !strcmp(pw->pw_name, buf_pw.pw_name)
311 		&& pw->pw_uid == buf_pw.pw_uid
312 		&& pw->pw_gid == buf_pw.pw_gid
313 		&& !strcmp(pw->pw_class, buf_pw.pw_class)
314 		&& (long)pw->pw_change == (long)buf_pw.pw_change
315 		&& (long)pw->pw_expire == (long)buf_pw.pw_expire
316 		&& !strcmp(pw->pw_gecos, buf_pw.pw_gecos)
317 		&& !strcmp(pw->pw_dir, buf_pw.pw_dir)
318 		&& !strcmp(pw->pw_shell, buf_pw.pw_shell);
319 }
320 
321 void
322 pw_copy(int ffd, int tfd, struct passwd *pw, struct passwd *old_pw)
323 {
324 	char errbuf[200];
325 	int rv;
326 
327 	rv = pw_copyx(ffd, tfd, pw, old_pw, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
328 	if (rv == 0) {
329 		warnx("%s", errbuf);
330 		pw_error(NULL, 0, 1);
331 	}
332 }
333 
334 int
335 pw_copyx(int ffd, int tfd, struct passwd *pw, struct passwd *old_pw,
336     char *errbuf, size_t errbufsz)
337 {
338 	const char *filename;
339 	char mpwd[MAXPATHLEN], mpwdl[MAXPATHLEN], *p, buf[8192];
340 	FILE *from, *to;
341 	int done;
342 
343 	_DIAGASSERT(pw != NULL);
344 	_DIAGASSERT(errbuf != NULL);
345 	/* old_pw may be NULL */
346 
347 	if ((filename = pw_filename(_PATH_MASTERPASSWD)) == NULL) {
348 		snprintf(errbuf, errbufsz, "%s: %s", pw_prefix,
349 		    strerror(errno));
350 		return (0);
351 	}
352 	(void)strcpy(mpwd, filename);
353 	if ((filename = pw_filename(_PATH_MASTERPASSWD_LOCK)) == NULL) {
354 		snprintf(errbuf, errbufsz, "%s: %s", pw_prefix,
355 		    strerror(errno));
356 		return (0);
357 	}
358 	(void)strcpy(mpwdl, filename);
359 
360 	if (!(from = fdopen(ffd, "r"))) {
361 		snprintf(errbuf, errbufsz, "%s: %s", mpwd, strerror(errno));
362 		return (0);
363 	}
364 	if (!(to = fdopen(tfd, "w"))) {
365 		snprintf(errbuf, errbufsz, "%s: %s", mpwdl, strerror(errno));
366 		return (0);
367 	}
368 
369 	for (done = 0; fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), from);) {
370 		if (!strchr(buf, '\n')) {
371 			snprintf(errbuf, errbufsz, "%s: line too long", mpwd);
372 			return (0);
373 		}
374 		if (done) {
375 			(void)fprintf(to, "%s", buf);
376 			if (ferror(to)) {
377 				snprintf(errbuf, errbufsz, "%s",
378 				    strerror(errno));
379 				return (0);
380 			}
381 			continue;
382 		}
383 		if (!(p = strchr(buf, ':'))) {
384 			snprintf(errbuf, errbufsz, "%s: corrupted entry", mpwd);
385 			return (0);
386 		}
387 		*p = '\0';
388 		if (strcmp(buf, pw->pw_name)) {
389 			*p = ':';
390 			(void)fprintf(to, "%s", buf);
391 			if (ferror(to)) {
392 				snprintf(errbuf, errbufsz, "%s",
393 				    strerror(errno));
394 				return (0);
395 			}
396 			continue;
397 		}
398 		*p = ':';
399 		if (old_pw && !pw_equal(buf, old_pw)) {
400 			snprintf(errbuf, errbufsz, "%s: entry inconsistent",
401 			    mpwd);
402 			return (0);
403 		}
404 		(void)fprintf(to, "%s:%s:%d:%d:%s:%ld:%ld:%s:%s:%s\n",
405 		    pw->pw_name, pw->pw_passwd, pw->pw_uid, pw->pw_gid,
406 		    pw->pw_class, (long)pw->pw_change, (long)pw->pw_expire,
407 		    pw->pw_gecos, pw->pw_dir, pw->pw_shell);
408 		done = 1;
409 		if (ferror(to)) {
410 			snprintf(errbuf, errbufsz, "%s", strerror(errno));
411 			return (0);
412 		}
413 	}
414 	/* Only append a new entry if real uid is root! */
415 	if (!done) {
416 		if (getuid() == 0) {
417 			(void)fprintf(to, "%s:%s:%d:%d:%s:%ld:%ld:%s:%s:%s\n",
418 			    pw->pw_name, pw->pw_passwd, pw->pw_uid, pw->pw_gid,
419 			    pw->pw_class, (long)pw->pw_change,
420 			    (long)pw->pw_expire, pw->pw_gecos, pw->pw_dir,
421 			    pw->pw_shell);
422 			done = 1;
423 		} else {
424 			snprintf(errbuf, errbufsz,
425 			    "%s: changes not made, no such entry", mpwd);
426 		}
427 	}
428 
429 	if (ferror(to)) {
430 		snprintf(errbuf, errbufsz, "%s", strerror(errno));
431 		return (0);
432 	}
433 	(void)fclose(to);
434 
435 	return (done);
436 }
437 
438 void
439 pw_error(const char *name, int error, int eval)
440 {
441 
442 	if (error) {
443 		if (name)
444 			warn("%s", name);
445 		else
446 			warn(NULL);
447 	}
448 
449 	warnx("%s%s: unchanged", pw_prefix, _PATH_MASTERPASSWD);
450 	pw_abort();
451 	exit(eval);
452 }
453 
454 /* Removes head and/or tail spaces. */
455 static void
456 trim_whitespace(char *line)
457 {
458 	char *p;
459 
460 	_DIAGASSERT(line != NULL);
461 
462 	/* Remove leading spaces */
463 	p = line;
464 	while (isspace((unsigned char) *p))
465 		p++;
466 	memmove(line, p, strlen(p) + 1);
467 
468 	/* Remove trailing spaces */
469 	p = line + strlen(line) - 1;
470 	while (isspace((unsigned char) *p))
471 		p--;
472 	*(p + 1) = '\0';
473 }
474 
475 
476 /* Get one line, remove spaces from front and tail */
477 static int
478 read_line(FILE *fp, char *line, int max)
479 {
480 	char   *p;
481 
482 	_DIAGASSERT(fp != NULL);
483 	_DIAGASSERT(line != NULL);
484 
485 	/* Read one line of config */
486 	if (fgets(line, max, fp) == NULL)
487 		return (0);
488 
489 	if ((p = strchr(line, '\n')) == NULL) {
490 		warnx("line too long");
491 		return (0);
492 	}
493 	*p = '\0';
494 
495 	/* Remove comments */
496 	if ((p = strchr(line, '#')) != NULL)
497 		*p = '\0';
498 
499 	trim_whitespace(line);
500 	return (1);
501 }
502 
503 static const char *
504 pw_default(const char *option)
505 {
506 	static const char *options[][2] = {
507 		{ "localcipher",	"old" },
508 		{ "ypcipher",		"old" },
509 	};
510 	int i;
511 
512 	_DIAGASSERT(option != NULL);
513 	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(options) / sizeof(options[0]); i++)
514 		if (strcmp(options[i][0], option) == 0)
515 			return (options[i][1]);
516 
517 	return (NULL);
518 }
519 
520 /*
521  * Retrieve password information from the /etc/passwd.conf file, at the
522  * moment this is only for choosing the cipher to use.  It could easily be
523  * used for other authentication methods as well.
524  */
525 void
526 pw_getconf(char *data, size_t max, const char *key, const char *option)
527 {
528 	FILE *fp;
529 	char line[LINE_MAX], *p, *p2;
530 	static char result[LINE_MAX];
531 	int got, found;
532 	const char *cp;
533 
534 	_DIAGASSERT(data != NULL);
535 	_DIAGASSERT(key != NULL);
536 	_DIAGASSERT(option != NULL);
537 
538 	got = 0;
539 	found = 0;
540 	result[0] = '\0';
541 
542 	if ((fp = fopen(_PATH_PASSWD_CONF, "r")) == NULL) {
543 		if ((cp = pw_default(option)) != NULL)
544 			strlcpy(data, cp, max);
545 		else
546 			data[0] = '\0';
547 		return;
548 	}
549 
550 	while (!found && (got || read_line(fp, line, LINE_MAX))) {
551 		got = 0;
552 
553 		if (strncmp(key, line, strlen(key)) != 0 ||
554 		    line[strlen(key)] != ':')
555 			continue;
556 
557 		/* Now we found our specified key */
558 		while (read_line(fp, line, LINE_MAX)) {
559 			/* Leaving key field */
560 			if (line[0] != '\0' && strchr(line + 1, ':') != NULL) {
561 				got = 1;
562 				break;
563 			}
564 			p2 = line;
565 			if ((p = strsep(&p2, "=")) == NULL || p2 == NULL)
566 				continue;
567 			trim_whitespace(p);
568 
569 			if (!strncmp(p, option, strlen(option))) {
570 				trim_whitespace(p2);
571 				strcpy(result, p2);
572 				found = 1;
573 				break;
574 			}
575 		}
576 	}
577 	fclose(fp);
578 
579 	/*
580 	 * If we got no result and were looking for a default
581 	 * value, try hard coded defaults.
582 	 */
583 
584 	if (strlen(result) == 0 && strcmp(key, "default") == 0 &&
585 	    (cp = pw_default(option)) != NULL)
586 		strlcpy(data, cp, max);
587 	else
588 		strlcpy(data, result, max);
589 }
590