xref: /netbsd-src/lib/libutil/passwd.c (revision 5aefcfdc06931dd97e76246d2fe0302f7b3fe094)
1 /*	$NetBSD: passwd.c,v 1.28 2000/12/08 21:41:14 tron Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
16  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
17  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
18  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
19  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
20  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
21  *    without specific prior written permission.
22  *
23  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
24  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
25  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
26  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
27  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
28  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
29  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
30  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
31  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
32  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
33  * SUCH DAMAGE.
34  */
35 
36 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
37 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
38 __RCSID("$NetBSD: passwd.c,v 1.28 2000/12/08 21:41:14 tron Exp $");
39 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
40 
41 #include <sys/types.h>
42 #include <sys/param.h>
43 #include <sys/stat.h>
44 #include <sys/time.h>
45 #include <sys/resource.h>
46 #include <sys/wait.h>
47 
48 #include <assert.h>
49 #include <ctype.h>
50 #include <err.h>
51 #include <errno.h>
52 #include <fcntl.h>
53 #include <limits.h>
54 #include <paths.h>
55 #include <pwd.h>
56 #include <signal.h>
57 #include <stdio.h>
58 #include <stdlib.h>
59 #include <string.h>
60 #include <unistd.h>
61 #include <util.h>
62 
63 static const char      *pw_filename(const char *filename);
64 static void		pw_cont(int sig);
65 static int		pw_equal(char *buf, struct passwd *old_pw);
66 static const char      *pw_default(const char *option);
67 static int		read_line(FILE *fp, char *line, int max);
68 static void		trim_whitespace(char *line);
69 
70 static	char	pw_prefix[MAXPATHLEN];
71 
72 const char *
73 pw_getprefix(void)
74 {
75 
76 	return(pw_prefix);
77 }
78 
79 int
80 pw_setprefix(const char *new_prefix)
81 {
82 	size_t length;
83 
84 	length = strlen(new_prefix);
85 	if (length < sizeof(pw_prefix)) {
86 		(void)strcpy(pw_prefix, new_prefix);
87 		while (length > 0 && pw_prefix[length - 1] == '/')
88 			pw_prefix[--length] = '\0';
89 		return(0);
90 	}
91 	errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
92 	return(-1);
93 }
94 
95 static const char *
96 pw_filename(const char *filename)
97 {
98 	static char newfilename[MAXPATHLEN];
99 
100 	if (pw_prefix[0] == '\0')
101 		return filename;
102 
103 	if (strlen(pw_prefix) + strlen(filename) < sizeof(newfilename))
104 		return strcat(strcpy(newfilename, pw_prefix), filename);
105 
106 	errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
107 	return(NULL);
108 }
109 
110 int
111 pw_lock(int retries)
112 {
113 	const char *filename;
114 	int i, fd;
115 	mode_t old_mode;
116 	int oerrno;
117 
118 	/* Acquire the lock file. */
119 	filename = pw_filename(_PATH_MASTERPASSWD_LOCK);
120 	if (filename == NULL)
121 		return(-1);
122 	old_mode = umask(0);
123 	fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0600);
124 	for (i = 0; i < retries && fd < 0 && errno == EEXIST; i++) {
125 		sleep(1);
126 		fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_EXCL,
127 			  0600);
128 	}
129 	oerrno = errno;
130 	(void)umask(old_mode);
131 	errno = oerrno;
132 	return(fd);
133 }
134 
135 int
136 pw_mkdb(void)
137 {
138 	int pstat;
139 	pid_t pid;
140 
141 	pid = vfork();
142 	if (pid == -1)
143 		return (-1);
144 
145 	if (pid == 0) {
146 		execl(_PATH_PWD_MKDB, "pwd_mkdb", "-d", pw_prefix,
147 		      "-p", pw_filename(_PATH_MASTERPASSWD_LOCK), NULL);
148 		_exit(1);
149 	}
150 	pid = waitpid(pid, &pstat, 0);
151 	if (pid == -1 || !WIFEXITED(pstat) || WEXITSTATUS(pstat) != 0)
152 		return(-1);
153 	return(0);
154 }
155 
156 int
157 pw_abort(void)
158 {
159 	const char *filename;
160 
161 	filename = pw_filename(_PATH_MASTERPASSWD_LOCK);
162 	return((filename == NULL) ? -1 : unlink(filename));
163 }
164 
165 /* Everything below this point is intended for the convenience of programs
166  * which allow a user to interactively edit the passwd file.  Errors in the
167  * routines below will cause the process to abort. */
168 
169 static pid_t editpid = -1;
170 
171 static void
172 pw_cont(int sig)
173 {
174 
175 	if (editpid != -1)
176 		kill(editpid, sig);
177 }
178 
179 void
180 pw_init(void)
181 {
182 	struct rlimit rlim;
183 
184 	/* Unlimited resource limits. */
185 	rlim.rlim_cur = rlim.rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY;
186 	(void)setrlimit(RLIMIT_CPU, &rlim);
187 	(void)setrlimit(RLIMIT_FSIZE, &rlim);
188 	(void)setrlimit(RLIMIT_STACK, &rlim);
189 	(void)setrlimit(RLIMIT_DATA, &rlim);
190 	(void)setrlimit(RLIMIT_RSS, &rlim);
191 
192 	/* Don't drop core (not really necessary, but GP's). */
193 	rlim.rlim_cur = rlim.rlim_max = 0;
194 	(void)setrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &rlim);
195 
196 	/* Turn off signals. */
197 	(void)signal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
198 	(void)signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN);
199 	(void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
200 	(void)signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
201 	(void)signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
202 	(void)signal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN);
203 	(void)signal(SIGCONT, pw_cont);
204 }
205 
206 void
207 pw_edit(int notsetuid, const char *filename)
208 {
209 	int pstat;
210 	char *p, *editor;
211 	char *argp[] = { "sh", "-c", NULL, NULL };
212 
213 #ifdef __GNUC__
214 	(void) &editor;
215 #endif
216 
217 	if (filename == NULL)
218 		filename = _PATH_MASTERPASSWD_LOCK;
219 
220 	filename = pw_filename(filename);
221 	if (filename == NULL)
222 		return;
223 
224 	if ((editor = getenv("EDITOR")) == NULL)
225 		editor = _PATH_VI;
226 
227 	p = malloc(strlen(editor) + 1 + strlen(filename) + 1);
228 	if (p == NULL)
229 		return;
230 
231 	sprintf(p, "%s %s", editor, filename);
232 	argp[2] = p;
233 
234 	switch(editpid = vfork()) {
235 	case -1:
236 		free(p);
237 		return;
238 	case 0:
239 		if (notsetuid) {
240 			setgid(getgid());
241 			setuid(getuid());
242 		}
243 		execvp(_PATH_BSHELL, argp);
244 		_exit(1);
245 	}
246 
247 	free(p);
248 
249 	for (;;) {
250 		editpid = waitpid(editpid, (int *)&pstat, WUNTRACED);
251 		if (editpid == -1)
252 			pw_error(editor, 1, 1);
253 		else if (WIFSTOPPED(pstat))
254 			raise(WSTOPSIG(pstat));
255 		else if (WIFEXITED(pstat) && WEXITSTATUS(pstat) == 0)
256 			break;
257 		else
258 			pw_error(editor, 1, 1);
259 	}
260 	editpid = -1;
261 }
262 
263 void
264 pw_prompt(void)
265 {
266 	int c;
267 
268 	(void)printf("re-edit the password file? [y]: ");
269 	(void)fflush(stdout);
270 	c = getchar();
271 	if (c != EOF && c != '\n')
272 		while (getchar() != '\n');
273 	if (c == 'n')
274 		pw_error(NULL, 0, 0);
275 }
276 
277 /* for use in pw_copy(). Compare a pw entry to a pw struct. */
278 static int
279 pw_equal(char *buf, struct passwd *pw)
280 {
281 	struct passwd buf_pw;
282 	int len;
283 
284 	_DIAGASSERT(buf != NULL);
285 	_DIAGASSERT(pw != NULL);
286 
287 	len = strlen (buf);
288 	if (buf[len-1] == '\n')
289 		buf[len-1] = '\0';
290 	if (!pw_scan(buf, &buf_pw, NULL))
291 		return 0;
292 	return !strcmp(pw->pw_name, buf_pw.pw_name)
293 		&& pw->pw_uid == buf_pw.pw_uid
294 		&& pw->pw_gid == buf_pw.pw_gid
295 		&& !strcmp(pw->pw_class, buf_pw.pw_class)
296 		&& (long)pw->pw_change == (long)buf_pw.pw_change
297 		&& (long)pw->pw_expire == (long)buf_pw.pw_expire
298 		&& !strcmp(pw->pw_gecos, buf_pw.pw_gecos)
299 		&& !strcmp(pw->pw_dir, buf_pw.pw_dir)
300 		&& !strcmp(pw->pw_shell, buf_pw.pw_shell);
301 }
302 
303 void
304 pw_copy(int ffd, int tfd, struct passwd *pw, struct passwd *old_pw)
305 {
306 	const char *filename;
307 	char mpwd[MAXPATHLEN], mpwdl[MAXPATHLEN], *p, buf[8192];
308 	FILE *from, *to;
309 	int done;
310 
311 	_DIAGASSERT(pw != NULL);
312 	/* old_pw may be NULL */
313 
314 	if ((filename = pw_filename(_PATH_MASTERPASSWD)) == NULL)
315 		pw_error(pw_prefix, 1,1);
316 	(void)strcpy(mpwd, filename);
317 	if ((filename = pw_filename(_PATH_MASTERPASSWD_LOCK)) == NULL)
318 		pw_error(pw_prefix, 1,1);
319 	(void)strcpy(mpwdl, filename);
320 
321 	if (!(from = fdopen(ffd, "r")))
322 		pw_error(mpwd, 1, 1);
323 	if (!(to = fdopen(tfd, "w")))
324 		pw_error(mpwdl, 1, 1);
325 
326 	for (done = 0; fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), from);) {
327 		if (!strchr(buf, '\n')) {
328 			warnx("%s: line too long", mpwd);
329 			pw_error(NULL, 0, 1);
330 		}
331 		if (done) {
332 			(void)fprintf(to, "%s", buf);
333 			if (ferror(to))
334 				goto err;
335 			continue;
336 		}
337 		if (!(p = strchr(buf, ':'))) {
338 			warnx("%s: corrupted entry", mpwd);
339 			pw_error(NULL, 0, 1);
340 		}
341 		*p = '\0';
342 		if (strcmp(buf, pw->pw_name)) {
343 			*p = ':';
344 			(void)fprintf(to, "%s", buf);
345 			if (ferror(to))
346 				goto err;
347 			continue;
348 		}
349 		*p = ':';
350 		if (old_pw && !pw_equal(buf, old_pw)) {
351 			warnx("%s: entry inconsistent", mpwd);
352 			pw_error(NULL, 0, 1);
353 		}
354 		(void)fprintf(to, "%s:%s:%d:%d:%s:%ld:%ld:%s:%s:%s\n",
355 		    pw->pw_name, pw->pw_passwd, pw->pw_uid, pw->pw_gid,
356 		    pw->pw_class, (long)pw->pw_change, (long)pw->pw_expire,
357 		    pw->pw_gecos, pw->pw_dir, pw->pw_shell);
358 		done = 1;
359 		if (ferror(to))
360 			goto err;
361 	}
362 	/* Only append a new entry if real uid is root! */
363 	if (!done) {
364 		if (getuid() == 0)
365 			(void)fprintf(to, "%s:%s:%d:%d:%s:%ld:%ld:%s:%s:%s\n",
366 			    pw->pw_name, pw->pw_passwd, pw->pw_uid, pw->pw_gid,
367 			    pw->pw_class, (long)pw->pw_change,
368 			    (long)pw->pw_expire, pw->pw_gecos, pw->pw_dir,
369 			    pw->pw_shell);
370 		else
371 			warnx("%s: changes not made, no such entry", mpwd);
372 	}
373 
374 	if (ferror(to))
375 err:		pw_error(NULL, 1, 1);
376 	(void)fclose(to);
377 }
378 
379 void
380 pw_error(const char *name, int err, int eval)
381 {
382 
383 	if (err) {
384 		if (name)
385 			warn("%s", name);
386 		else
387 			warn(NULL);
388 	}
389 
390 	warnx("%s%s: unchanged", pw_prefix, _PATH_MASTERPASSWD);
391 	pw_abort();
392 	exit(eval);
393 }
394 
395 /* Removes head and/or tail spaces. */
396 static void
397 trim_whitespace(char *line)
398 {
399 	char *p;
400 
401 	/* Remove leading spaces */
402 	p = line;
403 	while (isspace((unsigned char) *p))
404 		p++;
405 	memmove(line, p, strlen(p) + 1);
406 
407 	/* Remove trailing spaces */
408 	p = line + strlen(line) - 1;
409 	while (isspace((unsigned char) *p))
410 		p--;
411 	*(p + 1) = '\0';
412 }
413 
414 
415 /* Get one line, remove spaces from front and tail */
416 static int
417 read_line(FILE *fp, char *line, int max)
418 {
419 	char   *p;
420 
421 	/* Read one line of config */
422 	if (fgets(line, max, fp) == NULL)
423 		return (0);
424 
425 	if ((p = strchr(line, '\n')) == NULL) {
426 		warnx("line too long");
427 		return (0);
428 	}
429 	*p = '\0';
430 
431 	/* Remove comments */
432 	if ((p = strchr(line, '#')) != NULL)
433 		*p = '\0';
434 
435 	trim_whitespace(line);
436 	return (1);
437 }
438 
439 static const char *
440 pw_default(const char *option)
441 {
442 	static const char *options[][2] = {
443 		{ "localcipher",	"old" },
444 		{ "ypcipher",		"old" },
445 	};
446 	int i;
447 
448 	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(options) / sizeof(options[0]); i++)
449 		if (strcmp(options[i][0], option) == 0)
450 			return (options[i][1]);
451 
452 	return (NULL);
453 }
454 
455 /*
456  * Retrieve password information from the /etc/passwd.conf file, at the
457  * moment this is only for choosing the cipher to use.  It could easily be
458  * used for other authentication methods as well.
459  */
460 void
461 pw_getconf(char *data, size_t max, const char *key, const char *option)
462 {
463 	FILE *fp;
464 	char line[LINE_MAX], *p, *p2;
465 	static char result[LINE_MAX];
466 	int got, found;
467 	const char *cp;
468 
469 	got = 0;
470 	found = 0;
471 	result[0] = '\0';
472 
473 	if ((fp = fopen(_PATH_PASSWDCONF, "r")) == NULL) {
474 		if ((cp = pw_default(option)) != NULL)
475 			strlcpy(data, cp, max);
476 		else
477 			data[0] = '\0';
478 		return;
479 	}
480 
481 	while (!found && (got || read_line(fp, line, LINE_MAX))) {
482 		got = 0;
483 
484 		if (strncmp(key, line, strlen(key)) != 0 ||
485 		    line[strlen(key)] != ':')
486 			continue;
487 
488 		/* Now we found our specified key */
489 		while (read_line(fp, line, LINE_MAX)) {
490 			/* Leaving key field */
491 			if (line[0] != '\0' && strchr(line + 1, ':') != NULL) {
492 				got = 1;
493 				break;
494 			}
495 			p2 = line;
496 			if ((p = strsep(&p2, "=")) == NULL || p2 == NULL)
497 				continue;
498 			trim_whitespace(p);
499 
500 			if (!strncmp(p, option, strlen(option))) {
501 				trim_whitespace(p2);
502 				strcpy(result, p2);
503 				found = 1;
504 				break;
505 			}
506 		}
507 	}
508 	fclose(fp);
509 
510 	/*
511 	 * If we got no result and were looking for a default
512 	 * value, try hard coded defaults.
513 	 */
514 
515 	if (strlen(result) == 0 && strcmp(key, "default") == 0 &&
516 	    (cp = pw_default(option)) != NULL)
517 		strlcpy(data, cp, max);
518 	else
519 		strlcpy(data, result, max);
520 }
521