xref: /netbsd-src/lib/libutil/passwd.c (revision 3b01aba77a7a698587faaae455bbfe740923c1f5)
1 /*	$NetBSD: passwd.c,v 1.29 2001/01/03 15:41:19 lukem Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
16  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
17  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
18  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
19  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
20  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
21  *    without specific prior written permission.
22  *
23  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
24  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
25  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
26  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
27  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
28  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
29  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
30  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
31  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
32  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
33  * SUCH DAMAGE.
34  */
35 
36 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
37 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
38 __RCSID("$NetBSD: passwd.c,v 1.29 2001/01/03 15:41:19 lukem Exp $");
39 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
40 
41 #include <sys/types.h>
42 #include <sys/param.h>
43 #include <sys/stat.h>
44 #include <sys/time.h>
45 #include <sys/resource.h>
46 #include <sys/wait.h>
47 
48 #include <assert.h>
49 #include <ctype.h>
50 #include <err.h>
51 #include <errno.h>
52 #include <fcntl.h>
53 #include <limits.h>
54 #include <paths.h>
55 #include <pwd.h>
56 #include <signal.h>
57 #include <stdio.h>
58 #include <stdlib.h>
59 #include <string.h>
60 #include <unistd.h>
61 #include <util.h>
62 
63 static const char      *pw_filename(const char *filename);
64 static void		pw_cont(int sig);
65 static int		pw_equal(char *buf, struct passwd *old_pw);
66 static const char      *pw_default(const char *option);
67 static int		read_line(FILE *fp, char *line, int max);
68 static void		trim_whitespace(char *line);
69 
70 static	char	pw_prefix[MAXPATHLEN];
71 
72 const char *
73 pw_getprefix(void)
74 {
75 
76 	return(pw_prefix);
77 }
78 
79 int
80 pw_setprefix(const char *new_prefix)
81 {
82 	size_t length;
83 
84 	_DIAGASSERT(new_prefix != NULL);
85 
86 	length = strlen(new_prefix);
87 	if (length < sizeof(pw_prefix)) {
88 		(void)strcpy(pw_prefix, new_prefix);
89 		while (length > 0 && pw_prefix[length - 1] == '/')
90 			pw_prefix[--length] = '\0';
91 		return(0);
92 	}
93 	errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
94 	return(-1);
95 }
96 
97 static const char *
98 pw_filename(const char *filename)
99 {
100 	static char newfilename[MAXPATHLEN];
101 
102 	_DIAGASSERT(filename != NULL);
103 
104 	if (pw_prefix[0] == '\0')
105 		return filename;
106 
107 	if (strlen(pw_prefix) + strlen(filename) < sizeof(newfilename))
108 		return strcat(strcpy(newfilename, pw_prefix), filename);
109 
110 	errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
111 	return(NULL);
112 }
113 
114 int
115 pw_lock(int retries)
116 {
117 	const char *filename;
118 	int i, fd;
119 	mode_t old_mode;
120 	int oerrno;
121 
122 	/* Acquire the lock file. */
123 	filename = pw_filename(_PATH_MASTERPASSWD_LOCK);
124 	if (filename == NULL)
125 		return(-1);
126 	old_mode = umask(0);
127 	fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, 0600);
128 	for (i = 0; i < retries && fd < 0 && errno == EEXIST; i++) {
129 		sleep(1);
130 		fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_EXCL,
131 			  0600);
132 	}
133 	oerrno = errno;
134 	(void)umask(old_mode);
135 	errno = oerrno;
136 	return(fd);
137 }
138 
139 int
140 pw_mkdb(void)
141 {
142 	int pstat;
143 	pid_t pid;
144 
145 	pid = vfork();
146 	if (pid == -1)
147 		return (-1);
148 
149 	if (pid == 0) {
150 		execl(_PATH_PWD_MKDB, "pwd_mkdb", "-d", pw_prefix,
151 		      "-p", pw_filename(_PATH_MASTERPASSWD_LOCK), NULL);
152 		_exit(1);
153 	}
154 	pid = waitpid(pid, &pstat, 0);
155 	if (pid == -1 || !WIFEXITED(pstat) || WEXITSTATUS(pstat) != 0)
156 		return(-1);
157 	return(0);
158 }
159 
160 int
161 pw_abort(void)
162 {
163 	const char *filename;
164 
165 	filename = pw_filename(_PATH_MASTERPASSWD_LOCK);
166 	return((filename == NULL) ? -1 : unlink(filename));
167 }
168 
169 /* Everything below this point is intended for the convenience of programs
170  * which allow a user to interactively edit the passwd file.  Errors in the
171  * routines below will cause the process to abort. */
172 
173 static pid_t editpid = -1;
174 
175 static void
176 pw_cont(int sig)
177 {
178 
179 	if (editpid != -1)
180 		kill(editpid, sig);
181 }
182 
183 void
184 pw_init(void)
185 {
186 	struct rlimit rlim;
187 
188 	/* Unlimited resource limits. */
189 	rlim.rlim_cur = rlim.rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY;
190 	(void)setrlimit(RLIMIT_CPU, &rlim);
191 	(void)setrlimit(RLIMIT_FSIZE, &rlim);
192 	(void)setrlimit(RLIMIT_STACK, &rlim);
193 	(void)setrlimit(RLIMIT_DATA, &rlim);
194 	(void)setrlimit(RLIMIT_RSS, &rlim);
195 
196 	/* Don't drop core (not really necessary, but GP's). */
197 	rlim.rlim_cur = rlim.rlim_max = 0;
198 	(void)setrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &rlim);
199 
200 	/* Turn off signals. */
201 	(void)signal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
202 	(void)signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN);
203 	(void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
204 	(void)signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
205 	(void)signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
206 	(void)signal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN);
207 	(void)signal(SIGCONT, pw_cont);
208 }
209 
210 void
211 pw_edit(int notsetuid, const char *filename)
212 {
213 	int pstat;
214 	char *p, *editor;
215 	char *argp[] = { "sh", "-c", NULL, NULL };
216 
217 #ifdef __GNUC__
218 	(void) &editor;
219 #endif
220 
221 	if (filename == NULL)
222 		filename = _PATH_MASTERPASSWD_LOCK;
223 
224 	filename = pw_filename(filename);
225 	if (filename == NULL)
226 		return;
227 
228 	if ((editor = getenv("EDITOR")) == NULL)
229 		editor = _PATH_VI;
230 
231 	p = malloc(strlen(editor) + 1 + strlen(filename) + 1);
232 	if (p == NULL)
233 		return;
234 
235 	sprintf(p, "%s %s", editor, filename);
236 	argp[2] = p;
237 
238 	switch(editpid = vfork()) {
239 	case -1:
240 		free(p);
241 		return;
242 	case 0:
243 		if (notsetuid) {
244 			setgid(getgid());
245 			setuid(getuid());
246 		}
247 		execvp(_PATH_BSHELL, argp);
248 		_exit(1);
249 	}
250 
251 	free(p);
252 
253 	for (;;) {
254 		editpid = waitpid(editpid, (int *)&pstat, WUNTRACED);
255 		if (editpid == -1)
256 			pw_error(editor, 1, 1);
257 		else if (WIFSTOPPED(pstat))
258 			raise(WSTOPSIG(pstat));
259 		else if (WIFEXITED(pstat) && WEXITSTATUS(pstat) == 0)
260 			break;
261 		else
262 			pw_error(editor, 1, 1);
263 	}
264 	editpid = -1;
265 }
266 
267 void
268 pw_prompt(void)
269 {
270 	int c;
271 
272 	(void)printf("re-edit the password file? [y]: ");
273 	(void)fflush(stdout);
274 	c = getchar();
275 	if (c != EOF && c != '\n')
276 		while (getchar() != '\n');
277 	if (c == 'n')
278 		pw_error(NULL, 0, 0);
279 }
280 
281 /* for use in pw_copy(). Compare a pw entry to a pw struct. */
282 static int
283 pw_equal(char *buf, struct passwd *pw)
284 {
285 	struct passwd buf_pw;
286 	int len;
287 
288 	_DIAGASSERT(buf != NULL);
289 	_DIAGASSERT(pw != NULL);
290 
291 	len = strlen (buf);
292 	if (buf[len-1] == '\n')
293 		buf[len-1] = '\0';
294 	if (!pw_scan(buf, &buf_pw, NULL))
295 		return 0;
296 	return !strcmp(pw->pw_name, buf_pw.pw_name)
297 		&& pw->pw_uid == buf_pw.pw_uid
298 		&& pw->pw_gid == buf_pw.pw_gid
299 		&& !strcmp(pw->pw_class, buf_pw.pw_class)
300 		&& (long)pw->pw_change == (long)buf_pw.pw_change
301 		&& (long)pw->pw_expire == (long)buf_pw.pw_expire
302 		&& !strcmp(pw->pw_gecos, buf_pw.pw_gecos)
303 		&& !strcmp(pw->pw_dir, buf_pw.pw_dir)
304 		&& !strcmp(pw->pw_shell, buf_pw.pw_shell);
305 }
306 
307 void
308 pw_copy(int ffd, int tfd, struct passwd *pw, struct passwd *old_pw)
309 {
310 	const char *filename;
311 	char mpwd[MAXPATHLEN], mpwdl[MAXPATHLEN], *p, buf[8192];
312 	FILE *from, *to;
313 	int done;
314 
315 	_DIAGASSERT(pw != NULL);
316 	/* old_pw may be NULL */
317 
318 	if ((filename = pw_filename(_PATH_MASTERPASSWD)) == NULL)
319 		pw_error(pw_prefix, 1,1);
320 	(void)strcpy(mpwd, filename);
321 	if ((filename = pw_filename(_PATH_MASTERPASSWD_LOCK)) == NULL)
322 		pw_error(pw_prefix, 1,1);
323 	(void)strcpy(mpwdl, filename);
324 
325 	if (!(from = fdopen(ffd, "r")))
326 		pw_error(mpwd, 1, 1);
327 	if (!(to = fdopen(tfd, "w")))
328 		pw_error(mpwdl, 1, 1);
329 
330 	for (done = 0; fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), from);) {
331 		if (!strchr(buf, '\n')) {
332 			warnx("%s: line too long", mpwd);
333 			pw_error(NULL, 0, 1);
334 		}
335 		if (done) {
336 			(void)fprintf(to, "%s", buf);
337 			if (ferror(to))
338 				goto err;
339 			continue;
340 		}
341 		if (!(p = strchr(buf, ':'))) {
342 			warnx("%s: corrupted entry", mpwd);
343 			pw_error(NULL, 0, 1);
344 		}
345 		*p = '\0';
346 		if (strcmp(buf, pw->pw_name)) {
347 			*p = ':';
348 			(void)fprintf(to, "%s", buf);
349 			if (ferror(to))
350 				goto err;
351 			continue;
352 		}
353 		*p = ':';
354 		if (old_pw && !pw_equal(buf, old_pw)) {
355 			warnx("%s: entry inconsistent", mpwd);
356 			pw_error(NULL, 0, 1);
357 		}
358 		(void)fprintf(to, "%s:%s:%d:%d:%s:%ld:%ld:%s:%s:%s\n",
359 		    pw->pw_name, pw->pw_passwd, pw->pw_uid, pw->pw_gid,
360 		    pw->pw_class, (long)pw->pw_change, (long)pw->pw_expire,
361 		    pw->pw_gecos, pw->pw_dir, pw->pw_shell);
362 		done = 1;
363 		if (ferror(to))
364 			goto err;
365 	}
366 	/* Only append a new entry if real uid is root! */
367 	if (!done) {
368 		if (getuid() == 0)
369 			(void)fprintf(to, "%s:%s:%d:%d:%s:%ld:%ld:%s:%s:%s\n",
370 			    pw->pw_name, pw->pw_passwd, pw->pw_uid, pw->pw_gid,
371 			    pw->pw_class, (long)pw->pw_change,
372 			    (long)pw->pw_expire, pw->pw_gecos, pw->pw_dir,
373 			    pw->pw_shell);
374 		else
375 			warnx("%s: changes not made, no such entry", mpwd);
376 	}
377 
378 	if (ferror(to))
379 err:		pw_error(NULL, 1, 1);
380 	(void)fclose(to);
381 }
382 
383 void
384 pw_error(const char *name, int err, int eval)
385 {
386 
387 	if (err) {
388 		if (name)
389 			warn("%s", name);
390 		else
391 			warn(NULL);
392 	}
393 
394 	warnx("%s%s: unchanged", pw_prefix, _PATH_MASTERPASSWD);
395 	pw_abort();
396 	exit(eval);
397 }
398 
399 /* Removes head and/or tail spaces. */
400 static void
401 trim_whitespace(char *line)
402 {
403 	char *p;
404 
405 	_DIAGASSERT(line != NULL);
406 
407 	/* Remove leading spaces */
408 	p = line;
409 	while (isspace((unsigned char) *p))
410 		p++;
411 	memmove(line, p, strlen(p) + 1);
412 
413 	/* Remove trailing spaces */
414 	p = line + strlen(line) - 1;
415 	while (isspace((unsigned char) *p))
416 		p--;
417 	*(p + 1) = '\0';
418 }
419 
420 
421 /* Get one line, remove spaces from front and tail */
422 static int
423 read_line(FILE *fp, char *line, int max)
424 {
425 	char   *p;
426 
427 	_DIAGASSERT(fp != NULL);
428 	_DIAGASSERT(line != NULL);
429 
430 	/* Read one line of config */
431 	if (fgets(line, max, fp) == NULL)
432 		return (0);
433 
434 	if ((p = strchr(line, '\n')) == NULL) {
435 		warnx("line too long");
436 		return (0);
437 	}
438 	*p = '\0';
439 
440 	/* Remove comments */
441 	if ((p = strchr(line, '#')) != NULL)
442 		*p = '\0';
443 
444 	trim_whitespace(line);
445 	return (1);
446 }
447 
448 static const char *
449 pw_default(const char *option)
450 {
451 	static const char *options[][2] = {
452 		{ "localcipher",	"old" },
453 		{ "ypcipher",		"old" },
454 	};
455 	int i;
456 
457 	_DIAGASSERT(option != NULL);
458 	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(options) / sizeof(options[0]); i++)
459 		if (strcmp(options[i][0], option) == 0)
460 			return (options[i][1]);
461 
462 	return (NULL);
463 }
464 
465 /*
466  * Retrieve password information from the /etc/passwd.conf file, at the
467  * moment this is only for choosing the cipher to use.  It could easily be
468  * used for other authentication methods as well.
469  */
470 void
471 pw_getconf(char *data, size_t max, const char *key, const char *option)
472 {
473 	FILE *fp;
474 	char line[LINE_MAX], *p, *p2;
475 	static char result[LINE_MAX];
476 	int got, found;
477 	const char *cp;
478 
479 	_DIAGASSERT(data != NULL);
480 	_DIAGASSERT(key != NULL);
481 	_DIAGASSERT(option != NULL);
482 
483 	got = 0;
484 	found = 0;
485 	result[0] = '\0';
486 
487 	if ((fp = fopen(_PATH_PASSWDCONF, "r")) == NULL) {
488 		if ((cp = pw_default(option)) != NULL)
489 			strlcpy(data, cp, max);
490 		else
491 			data[0] = '\0';
492 		return;
493 	}
494 
495 	while (!found && (got || read_line(fp, line, LINE_MAX))) {
496 		got = 0;
497 
498 		if (strncmp(key, line, strlen(key)) != 0 ||
499 		    line[strlen(key)] != ':')
500 			continue;
501 
502 		/* Now we found our specified key */
503 		while (read_line(fp, line, LINE_MAX)) {
504 			/* Leaving key field */
505 			if (line[0] != '\0' && strchr(line + 1, ':') != NULL) {
506 				got = 1;
507 				break;
508 			}
509 			p2 = line;
510 			if ((p = strsep(&p2, "=")) == NULL || p2 == NULL)
511 				continue;
512 			trim_whitespace(p);
513 
514 			if (!strncmp(p, option, strlen(option))) {
515 				trim_whitespace(p2);
516 				strcpy(result, p2);
517 				found = 1;
518 				break;
519 			}
520 		}
521 	}
522 	fclose(fp);
523 
524 	/*
525 	 * If we got no result and were looking for a default
526 	 * value, try hard coded defaults.
527 	 */
528 
529 	if (strlen(result) == 0 && strcmp(key, "default") == 0 &&
530 	    (cp = pw_default(option)) != NULL)
531 		strlcpy(data, cp, max);
532 	else
533 		strlcpy(data, result, max);
534 }
535