1*cfe182f3Schristos /*-
2*cfe182f3Schristos * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3*cfe182f3Schristos *
4*cfe182f3Schristos * Copyright (c) 1992, 1993
5*cfe182f3Schristos * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
6*cfe182f3Schristos *
7*cfe182f3Schristos * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8*cfe182f3Schristos * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9*cfe182f3Schristos * are met:
10*cfe182f3Schristos * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11*cfe182f3Schristos * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12*cfe182f3Schristos * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13*cfe182f3Schristos * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14*cfe182f3Schristos * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15*cfe182f3Schristos * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16*cfe182f3Schristos * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17*cfe182f3Schristos * without specific prior written permission.
18*cfe182f3Schristos *
19*cfe182f3Schristos * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20*cfe182f3Schristos * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21*cfe182f3Schristos * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22*cfe182f3Schristos * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23*cfe182f3Schristos * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24*cfe182f3Schristos * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25*cfe182f3Schristos * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26*cfe182f3Schristos * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27*cfe182f3Schristos * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28*cfe182f3Schristos * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29*cfe182f3Schristos * SUCH DAMAGE.
30*cfe182f3Schristos */
31*cfe182f3Schristos
32*cfe182f3Schristos /*
33*cfe182f3Schristos * See bsdsrc/b_log.c for implementation details.
34*cfe182f3Schristos *
35*cfe182f3Schristos * bsdrc/b_log.c converted to long double by Steven G. Kargl.
36*cfe182f3Schristos */
37*cfe182f3Schristos
38*cfe182f3Schristos #define N 128
39*cfe182f3Schristos
40*cfe182f3Schristos /*
41*cfe182f3Schristos * Coefficients in the polynomial approximation of log(1+f/F).
42*cfe182f3Schristos * Domain of x is [0,1./256] with 2**(-84.48) precision.
43*cfe182f3Schristos */
44*cfe182f3Schristos static const union ieee_ext_u
45*cfe182f3Schristos a1u = LD80C(0xaaaaaaaaaaaaaaab, -4, 8.33333333333333333356e-02L),
46*cfe182f3Schristos a2u = LD80C(0xcccccccccccccd29, -7, 1.25000000000000000781e-02L),
47*cfe182f3Schristos a3u = LD80C(0x9249249241ed3764, -9, 2.23214285711721994134e-03L),
48*cfe182f3Schristos a4u = LD80C(0xe38e959e1e7e01cf, -12, 4.34030476540000360640e-04L);
49*cfe182f3Schristos #define A1 (a1u.extu_ld)
50*cfe182f3Schristos #define A2 (a2u.extu_ld)
51*cfe182f3Schristos #define A3 (a3u.extu_ld)
52*cfe182f3Schristos #define A4 (a4u.extu_ld)
53*cfe182f3Schristos
54*cfe182f3Schristos /*
55*cfe182f3Schristos * Table of log(Fj) = logF_head[j] + logF_tail[j], for Fj = 1+j/128.
56*cfe182f3Schristos * Used for generation of extend precision logarithms.
57*cfe182f3Schristos * The constant 35184372088832 is 2^45, so the divide is exact.
58*cfe182f3Schristos * It ensures correct reading of logF_head, even for inaccurate
59*cfe182f3Schristos * decimal-to-binary conversion routines. (Everybody gets the
60*cfe182f3Schristos * right answer for integers less than 2^53.)
61*cfe182f3Schristos * Values for log(F) were generated using error < 10^-57 absolute
62*cfe182f3Schristos * with the bc -l package.
63*cfe182f3Schristos */
64*cfe182f3Schristos
65*cfe182f3Schristos static double logF_head[N+1] = {
66*cfe182f3Schristos 0.,
67*cfe182f3Schristos .007782140442060381246,
68*cfe182f3Schristos .015504186535963526694,
69*cfe182f3Schristos .023167059281547608406,
70*cfe182f3Schristos .030771658666765233647,
71*cfe182f3Schristos .038318864302141264488,
72*cfe182f3Schristos .045809536031242714670,
73*cfe182f3Schristos .053244514518837604555,
74*cfe182f3Schristos .060624621816486978786,
75*cfe182f3Schristos .067950661908525944454,
76*cfe182f3Schristos .075223421237524235039,
77*cfe182f3Schristos .082443669210988446138,
78*cfe182f3Schristos .089612158689760690322,
79*cfe182f3Schristos .096729626458454731618,
80*cfe182f3Schristos .103796793681567578460,
81*cfe182f3Schristos .110814366340264314203,
82*cfe182f3Schristos .117783035656430001836,
83*cfe182f3Schristos .124703478501032805070,
84*cfe182f3Schristos .131576357788617315236,
85*cfe182f3Schristos .138402322859292326029,
86*cfe182f3Schristos .145182009844575077295,
87*cfe182f3Schristos .151916042025732167530,
88*cfe182f3Schristos .158605030176659056451,
89*cfe182f3Schristos .165249572895390883786,
90*cfe182f3Schristos .171850256926518341060,
91*cfe182f3Schristos .178407657472689606947,
92*cfe182f3Schristos .184922338493834104156,
93*cfe182f3Schristos .191394852999565046047,
94*cfe182f3Schristos .197825743329758552135,
95*cfe182f3Schristos .204215541428766300668,
96*cfe182f3Schristos .210564769107350002741,
97*cfe182f3Schristos .216873938300523150246,
98*cfe182f3Schristos .223143551314024080056,
99*cfe182f3Schristos .229374101064877322642,
100*cfe182f3Schristos .235566071312860003672,
101*cfe182f3Schristos .241719936886966024758,
102*cfe182f3Schristos .247836163904594286577,
103*cfe182f3Schristos .253915209980732470285,
104*cfe182f3Schristos .259957524436686071567,
105*cfe182f3Schristos .265963548496984003577,
106*cfe182f3Schristos .271933715484010463114,
107*cfe182f3Schristos .277868451003087102435,
108*cfe182f3Schristos .283768173130738432519,
109*cfe182f3Schristos .289633292582948342896,
110*cfe182f3Schristos .295464212893421063199,
111*cfe182f3Schristos .301261330578199704177,
112*cfe182f3Schristos .307025035294827830512,
113*cfe182f3Schristos .312755710004239517729,
114*cfe182f3Schristos .318453731118097493890,
115*cfe182f3Schristos .324119468654316733591,
116*cfe182f3Schristos .329753286372579168528,
117*cfe182f3Schristos .335355541920762334484,
118*cfe182f3Schristos .340926586970454081892,
119*cfe182f3Schristos .346466767346100823488,
120*cfe182f3Schristos .351976423156884266063,
121*cfe182f3Schristos .357455888922231679316,
122*cfe182f3Schristos .362905493689140712376,
123*cfe182f3Schristos .368325561158599157352,
124*cfe182f3Schristos .373716409793814818840,
125*cfe182f3Schristos .379078352934811846353,
126*cfe182f3Schristos .384411698910298582632,
127*cfe182f3Schristos .389716751140440464951,
128*cfe182f3Schristos .394993808240542421117,
129*cfe182f3Schristos .400243164127459749579,
130*cfe182f3Schristos .405465108107819105498,
131*cfe182f3Schristos .410659924985338875558,
132*cfe182f3Schristos .415827895143593195825,
133*cfe182f3Schristos .420969294644237379543,
134*cfe182f3Schristos .426084395310681429691,
135*cfe182f3Schristos .431173464818130014464,
136*cfe182f3Schristos .436236766774527495726,
137*cfe182f3Schristos .441274560805140936281,
138*cfe182f3Schristos .446287102628048160113,
139*cfe182f3Schristos .451274644139630254358,
140*cfe182f3Schristos .456237433481874177232,
141*cfe182f3Schristos .461175715122408291790,
142*cfe182f3Schristos .466089729924533457960,
143*cfe182f3Schristos .470979715219073113985,
144*cfe182f3Schristos .475845904869856894947,
145*cfe182f3Schristos .480688529345570714212,
146*cfe182f3Schristos .485507815781602403149,
147*cfe182f3Schristos .490303988045525329653,
148*cfe182f3Schristos .495077266798034543171,
149*cfe182f3Schristos .499827869556611403822,
150*cfe182f3Schristos .504556010751912253908,
151*cfe182f3Schristos .509261901790523552335,
152*cfe182f3Schristos .513945751101346104405,
153*cfe182f3Schristos .518607764208354637958,
154*cfe182f3Schristos .523248143765158602036,
155*cfe182f3Schristos .527867089620485785417,
156*cfe182f3Schristos .532464798869114019908,
157*cfe182f3Schristos .537041465897345915436,
158*cfe182f3Schristos .541597282432121573947,
159*cfe182f3Schristos .546132437597407260909,
160*cfe182f3Schristos .550647117952394182793,
161*cfe182f3Schristos .555141507540611200965,
162*cfe182f3Schristos .559615787935399566777,
163*cfe182f3Schristos .564070138285387656651,
164*cfe182f3Schristos .568504735352689749561,
165*cfe182f3Schristos .572919753562018740922,
166*cfe182f3Schristos .577315365035246941260,
167*cfe182f3Schristos .581691739635061821900,
168*cfe182f3Schristos .586049045003164792433,
169*cfe182f3Schristos .590387446602107957005,
170*cfe182f3Schristos .594707107746216934174,
171*cfe182f3Schristos .599008189645246602594,
172*cfe182f3Schristos .603290851438941899687,
173*cfe182f3Schristos .607555250224322662688,
174*cfe182f3Schristos .611801541106615331955,
175*cfe182f3Schristos .616029877215623855590,
176*cfe182f3Schristos .620240409751204424537,
177*cfe182f3Schristos .624433288012369303032,
178*cfe182f3Schristos .628608659422752680256,
179*cfe182f3Schristos .632766669570628437213,
180*cfe182f3Schristos .636907462236194987781,
181*cfe182f3Schristos .641031179420679109171,
182*cfe182f3Schristos .645137961373620782978,
183*cfe182f3Schristos .649227946625615004450,
184*cfe182f3Schristos .653301272011958644725,
185*cfe182f3Schristos .657358072709030238911,
186*cfe182f3Schristos .661398482245203922502,
187*cfe182f3Schristos .665422632544505177065,
188*cfe182f3Schristos .669430653942981734871,
189*cfe182f3Schristos .673422675212350441142,
190*cfe182f3Schristos .677398823590920073911,
191*cfe182f3Schristos .681359224807238206267,
192*cfe182f3Schristos .685304003098281100392,
193*cfe182f3Schristos .689233281238557538017,
194*cfe182f3Schristos .693147180560117703862
195*cfe182f3Schristos };
196*cfe182f3Schristos
197*cfe182f3Schristos static double logF_tail[N+1] = {
198*cfe182f3Schristos 0.,
199*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000000543229938420049,
200*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000000172745674997061,
201*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000001323017818229233,
202*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000001154527628289872,
203*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000000466529469958300,
204*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000005148849572685810,
205*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000002532168943117445,
206*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000005213620639136504,
207*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000001819506003016881,
208*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000006329065958724544,
209*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000008614512936087814,
210*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000007355770219435028,
211*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000009638067658552277,
212*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000007598636597194141,
213*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000002579999128306990,
214*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000004654729747598444,
215*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000007556920687451336,
216*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000010195735223708472,
217*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000017319034406422306,
218*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000007718001336828098,
219*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000010980754099855238,
220*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000002047235780046195,
221*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000008372091099235912,
222*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000014088127937111135,
223*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000012869017157588257,
224*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000017788850778198106,
225*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000006440856150696891,
226*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000016132822667240822,
227*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000007540916511956188,
228*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000000036507188831790,
229*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000009120937249914984,
230*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000018567570959796010,
231*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000003149265065191483,
232*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000009309459495196889,
233*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000017914338601329117,
234*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000001302979717330866,
235*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000023097385217586939,
236*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000023999540484211737,
237*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000015393776174455408,
238*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000036870428315837678,
239*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000036920375082080089,
240*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000009383417223663699,
241*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000009433398189512690,
242*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000041481318704258568,
243*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000003792316480209314,
244*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000008403156304792424,
245*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000034262934348285429,
246*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000043712191957429145,
247*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000010475750058776541,
248*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000011118671389559323,
249*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000037549577257259853,
250*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000013912841212197565,
251*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000010775743037572640,
252*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000029391859187648000,
253*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000042790509060060774,
254*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000022774076114039555,
255*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000010849569622967912,
256*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000023073801945705758,
257*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000015761203773969435,
258*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000003345710269544082,
259*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000041525158063436123,
260*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000032655698896907146,
261*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000044704265010452446,
262*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000034527647952039772,
263*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000007048962392109746,
264*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000011776978751369214,
265*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000010774341461609578,
266*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000021863343293215910,
267*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000024132639491333131,
268*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000039057462209830700,
269*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000026570679203560751,
270*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000037135141919592021,
271*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000017166921336082431,
272*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000028658285157914353,
273*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000023812542263446809,
274*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000006576659768580062,
275*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000028210143846181267,
276*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000010701931762114254,
277*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000018119346366441110,
278*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000009840465278232627,
279*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000033149150282752542,
280*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000018302857356041668,
281*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000016207400156744949,
282*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000048303314949553201,
283*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000071560553172382115,
284*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000088821239518571855,
285*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000030900580513238244,
286*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000061076551972851496,
287*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000035659969663347830,
288*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000035782396591276383,
289*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000046226087001544578,
290*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000062279762917225156,
291*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000072838947272065741,
292*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000026809646615211673,
293*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000010960825046059278,
294*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000002311949383800537,
295*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000058469058005299247,
296*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000002103748251144494,
297*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000023323182945587408,
298*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000042333694288141916,
299*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000043933937969737844,
300*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000041341647073835565,
301*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000006841763641591466,
302*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000047585534004430641,
303*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000083679678674757695,
304*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000085763734646658640,
305*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000021913281229340092,
306*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000062242842536431148,
307*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000010983594325438430,
308*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000065310431377633651,
309*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000047580199021710769,
310*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000037854251265457040,
311*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000040939233218678664,
312*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000087424383914858291,
313*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000025218188456842882,
314*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000003608131360422557,
315*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000050518555924280902,
316*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000078699403323355317,
317*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000067020876961949060,
318*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000016108575753932458,
319*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000058527188436251509,
320*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000035246757297904791,
321*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000018372084495629058,
322*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000088606689813494916,
323*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000066486268071468700,
324*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000063831615170646519,
325*cfe182f3Schristos .00000000000025144230728376072,
326*cfe182f3Schristos -.00000000000017239444525614834
327*cfe182f3Schristos };
328*cfe182f3Schristos /*
329*cfe182f3Schristos * Extra precision variant, returning struct {double a, b;};
330*cfe182f3Schristos * log(x) = a + b to 63 bits, with 'a' rounded to 24 bits.
331*cfe182f3Schristos */
332*cfe182f3Schristos static struct Double
__log__D(long double x)333*cfe182f3Schristos __log__D(long double x)
334*cfe182f3Schristos {
335*cfe182f3Schristos int m, j;
336*cfe182f3Schristos long double F, f, g, q, u, v, u1, u2;
337*cfe182f3Schristos struct Double r;
338*cfe182f3Schristos
339*cfe182f3Schristos /*
340*cfe182f3Schristos * Argument reduction: 1 <= g < 2; x/2^m = g;
341*cfe182f3Schristos * y = F*(1 + f/F) for |f| <= 2^-8
342*cfe182f3Schristos */
343*cfe182f3Schristos g = frexpl(x, &m);
344*cfe182f3Schristos g *= 2;
345*cfe182f3Schristos m--;
346*cfe182f3Schristos if (m == DBL_MIN_EXP - 1) {
347*cfe182f3Schristos j = ilogbl(g);
348*cfe182f3Schristos m += j;
349*cfe182f3Schristos g = ldexpl(g, -j);
350*cfe182f3Schristos }
351*cfe182f3Schristos j = N * (g - 1) + 0.5L;
352*cfe182f3Schristos F = (1.L / N) * j + 1;
353*cfe182f3Schristos f = g - F;
354*cfe182f3Schristos
355*cfe182f3Schristos g = 1 / (2 * F + f);
356*cfe182f3Schristos u = 2 * f * g;
357*cfe182f3Schristos v = u * u;
358*cfe182f3Schristos q = u * v * (A1 + v * (A2 + v * (A3 + v * A4)));
359*cfe182f3Schristos if (m | j) {
360*cfe182f3Schristos u1 = u + 513;
361*cfe182f3Schristos u1 -= 513;
362*cfe182f3Schristos } else {
363*cfe182f3Schristos u1 = (float)u;
364*cfe182f3Schristos }
365*cfe182f3Schristos u2 = (2 * (f - F * u1) - u1 * f) * g;
366*cfe182f3Schristos
367*cfe182f3Schristos u1 += m * (long double)logF_head[N] + logF_head[j];
368*cfe182f3Schristos
369*cfe182f3Schristos u2 += logF_tail[j];
370*cfe182f3Schristos u2 += q;
371*cfe182f3Schristos u2 += logF_tail[N] * m;
372*cfe182f3Schristos r.a = (float)(u1 + u2); /* Only difference is here. */
373*cfe182f3Schristos r.b = (u1 - r.a) + u2;
374*cfe182f3Schristos return (r);
375*cfe182f3Schristos }
376