xref: /netbsd-src/lib/libc/sys/getitimer.2 (revision b1c86f5f087524e68db12794ee9c3e3da1ab17a0)
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30.\"     @(#)getitimer.2	8.3 (Berkeley) 5/16/95
31.\"
32.Dd April 30, 2010
33.Dt GETITIMER 2
34.Os
35.Sh NAME
36.Nm getitimer ,
37.Nm setitimer
38.Nd get/set value of interval timer
39.Sh LIBRARY
40.Lb libc
41.Sh SYNOPSIS
42.In sys/time.h
43.Fd #define ITIMER_REAL		0
44.Fd #define ITIMER_VIRTUAL	1
45.Fd #define ITIMER_PROF		2
46.Ft int
47.Fn getitimer "int which" "struct itimerval *value"
48.Ft int
49.Fn setitimer "int which" "const struct itimerval * restrict value" "struct itimerval * restrict ovalue"
50.Sh DESCRIPTION
51The system provides each process with three interval timers,
52defined in
53.Ao Pa sys/time.h Ac .
54The
55.Fn getitimer
56call returns the current value for the timer specified in
57.Fa which
58in the structure at
59.Fa value .
60The
61.Fn setitimer
62call sets a timer to the specified
63.Fa value
64(returning the previous value of the timer if
65.Fa ovalue
66is non-nil).
67.Pp
68A timer value is defined by the
69.Fa itimerval
70structure:
71.Bd -literal -offset indent
72struct itimerval {
73	struct	timeval it_interval;	/* timer interval */
74	struct	timeval it_value;	/* current value */
75};
76.Ed
77.Pp
78If
79.Fa it_value
80is non-zero, it indicates the time to the next timer expiration.
81If
82.Fa it_interval
83is non-zero, it specifies a value to be used in reloading
84.Fa it_value
85when the timer expires.
86Setting
87.Fa it_value
88to 0 disables a timer.
89Setting
90.Fa it_interval
91to 0 causes a timer to be disabled after its next expiration (assuming
92.Fa it_value
93is non-zero).
94.Pp
95Time values smaller than the resolution of the
96system clock are rounded up to this resolution
97(typically 10 milliseconds).
98.Pp
99The
100.Dv ITIMER_REAL
101timer decrements in real time.
102A
103.Dv SIGALRM
104signal is
105delivered when this timer expires.
106.Pp
107The
108.Dv ITIMER_VIRTUAL
109timer decrements in process virtual time.
110It runs only when the process is executing.
111A
112.Dv SIGVTALRM
113signal
114is delivered when it expires.
115.Pp
116The
117.Dv ITIMER_PROF
118timer decrements both in process virtual time and
119when the system is running on behalf of the process.
120It is designed to be used by interpreters in statistically profiling
121the execution of interpreted programs.
122Each time the
123.Dv ITIMER_PROF
124timer expires, the
125.Dv SIGPROF
126signal is
127delivered.
128Because this signal may interrupt in-progress
129system calls, programs using this timer must be prepared to
130restart interrupted system calls.
131.Sh NOTES
132Macros for manipulating time values are defined in the
133.In sys/time.h
134header;
135.Fn timerclear
136sets a time value to zero,
137.Fn timerisset
138tests if a time value is non-zero,
139.Fn timercmp
140compares two time values,
141.Fn timeradd
142adds a time value to another time value,
143.Fn timersub
144computes the time difference between two time values.
145For additional details, see
146.Xr timeradd 3 .
147.Sh RETURN VALUES
148If the calls succeed, a value of 0 is returned.
149If an error occurs, the value \-1 is returned, and a more precise error
150code is placed in the global variable
151.Va errno .
152.Sh ERRORS
153.Fn getitimer
154and
155.Fn setitimer
156will fail if:
157.Bl -tag -width Er
158.It Bq Er EFAULT
159The
160.Fa value
161parameter specified a bad address.
162.It Bq Er EINVAL
163A
164.Fa value
165parameter specified a time that was too large
166to be handled.
167.El
168.Sh SEE ALSO
169.Xr gettimeofday 2 ,
170.Xr poll 2 ,
171.Xr select 2 ,
172.Xr sigaction 2
173.Sh STANDARDS
174The
175.Fn getitimer
176and
177.Fn setitimer
178functions conform to
179.St -p1003.1-2001 .
180The later
181.St -p1003.1-2008
182revision however marked both functions as obsolescent,
183recommending the use of
184.Xr timer_gettime 2
185and
186.Xr timer_settime 2
187instead.
188.Sh HISTORY
189The
190.Fn getitimer
191function call appeared in
192.Bx 4.2 .
193