1.\" $NetBSD: chdir.2,v 1.8 1997/05/16 15:31:01 kleink Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993 4.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 15.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 16.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 17.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 18.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 19.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 20.\" without specific prior written permission. 21.\" 22.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 23.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 24.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 25.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 26.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 27.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 28.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 29.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 30.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 31.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 32.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 33.\" 34.\" @(#)chdir.2 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/11/93 35.\" 36.Dd December 11, 1993 37.Dt CHDIR 2 38.Os BSD 4 39.Sh NAME 40.Nm chdir , 41.Nm fchdir 42.Nd change current working directory 43.Sh SYNOPSIS 44.Fd #include <unistd.h> 45.Ft int 46.Fn chdir "const char *path" 47.Ft int 48.Fn fchdir "int fd" 49.Sh DESCRIPTION 50The 51.Fa path 52argument points to the pathname of a directory. 53The 54.Fn chdir 55function 56causes the named directory 57to become the current working directory, that is, 58the starting point for path searches of pathnames not beginning with 59a slash, 60.Ql / . 61.Pp 62The 63.Fn fchdir 64function 65causes the directory referenced by 66.Fa fd 67to become the current working directory, 68the starting point for path searches of pathnames not beginning with 69a slash, 70.Ql / . 71.Pp 72In order for a directory to become the current directory, 73a process must have execute (search) access to the directory. 74.Sh RETURN VALUES 75Upon successful completion, a value of 0 is returned. 76Otherwise, a value of -1 is returned and 77.Va errno 78is set to indicate 79the error. 80.Sh ERRORS 81.Fn Chdir 82will fail and the current working directory will be unchanged if 83one or more of the following are true: 84.Bl -tag -width Er 85.It Bq Er ENOTDIR 86A component of the path prefix is not a directory. 87.It Bq Er ENAMETOOLONG 88A component of a pathname exceeded 89.Dv {NAME_MAX} 90characters, or an entire path name exceeded 91.Dv {PATH_MAX} 92characters. 93.It Bq Er ENOENT 94The named directory does not exist. 95.It Bq Er ELOOP 96Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating the pathname. 97.It Bq Er EACCES 98Search permission is denied for any component of 99the path name. 100.It Bq Er EFAULT 101.Fa Path 102points outside the process's allocated address space. 103.It Bq Er EIO 104An I/O error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system. 105.El 106.Pp 107.Fn Fchdir 108will fail and the current working directory will be unchanged if 109one or more of the following are true: 110.Bl -tag -width Er 111.It Bq Er EACCES 112Search permission is denied for the directory referenced by the 113file descriptor. 114.It Bq Er ENOTDIR 115The file descriptor does not reference a directory. 116.It Bq Er EBADF 117The argument 118.Fa fd 119is not a valid file descriptor. 120.El 121.Sh SEE ALSO 122.Xr chroot 2 123.Sh STANDARDS 124The 125.Fn chdir 126function conforms to 127.St -p1003.1-88 . 128.Sh HISTORY 129The 130.Fn fchdir 131function call 132appeared in 133.Bx 4.2 . 134