1.\" $NetBSD: _exit.2,v 1.8 1997/07/14 23:19:49 kleink Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1993 4.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 15.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 16.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 17.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 18.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 19.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 20.\" without specific prior written permission. 21.\" 22.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 23.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 24.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 25.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 26.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 27.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 28.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 29.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 30.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 31.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 32.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 33.\" 34.\" @(#)_exit.2 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93 35.\" 36.Dd June 4, 1993 37.Dt EXIT 2 38.Os BSD 4 39.Sh NAME 40.Nm _exit 41.Nd terminate the calling process 42.Sh SYNOPSIS 43.Fd #include <unistd.h> 44.Ft void 45.Fn _exit "int status" 46.Sh DESCRIPTION 47The 48.Fn _exit 49function 50terminates a process with the following consequences: 51.Bl -bullet 52.It 53All of the descriptors open in the calling process are closed. 54This may entail delays, for example, waiting for output to drain; 55a process in this state may not be killed, as it is already dying. 56.It 57If the parent process of the calling process has an outstanding 58.Xr wait 59call 60or catches the 61.Dv SIGCHLD 62signal, 63it is notified of the calling process's termination and 64the 65.Em status 66is set as defined by 67.Xr wait 2 . 68.It 69The parent process-ID of all of the calling process's existing child 70processes are set to 1; the initialization process 71(see the DEFINITIONS section of 72.Xr intro 2 ) 73inherits each of these processes. 74.It 75If the termination of the process causes any process group 76to become orphaned (usually because the parents of all members 77of the group have now exited; see 78.Dq orphaned process group 79in 80.Xr intro 2 ) , 81and if any member of the orphaned group is stopped, 82the 83.Dv SIGHUP 84signal and the 85.Dv SIGCONT 86signal are sent to all members of the newly-orphaned process group. 87.It 88If the process is a controlling process (see 89.Xr intro 2 ) , 90the 91.Dv SIGHUP 92signal is sent to the foreground process group of the controlling terminal, 93and all current access to the controlling terminal is revoked. 94.El 95.Pp 96Most C programs call the library routine 97.Xr exit 3 , 98which flushes buffers, closes streams, unlinks temporary files, etc., 99before 100calling 101.Fn _exit . 102.Sh RETURN VALUE 103.Fn _exit 104can never return. 105.Sh SEE ALSO 106.Xr fork 2 , 107.Xr sigaction 2 , 108.Xr wait 2 , 109.Xr exit 3 110.Sh STANDARDS 111The 112.Nm _exit 113function conforms to 114.St -p1003.1-90 . 115