xref: /netbsd-src/lib/libc/stdlib/qsort.c (revision 03dcb730d46d34d85c9f496c1f5a3a6a43f2b7b3)
1 /*	$NetBSD: qsort.c,v 1.23 2017/05/19 19:48:19 christos Exp $	*/
2 /*-
3  * Copyright (c) 1992, 1993
4  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
15  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
16  *    without specific prior written permission.
17  *
18  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
19  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
20  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
21  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
22  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
23  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
24  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
25  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
26  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
27  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
28  * SUCH DAMAGE.
29  */
30 
31 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
32 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
33 #if 0
34 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)qsort.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93";
35 #else
36 __RCSID("$NetBSD: qsort.c,v 1.23 2017/05/19 19:48:19 christos Exp $");
37 #endif
38 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
39 
40 #include <sys/types.h>
41 
42 #include <assert.h>
43 #include <errno.h>
44 #include <stdlib.h>
45 
46 static inline char	*med3(char *, char *, char *,
47     int (*)(const void *, const void *));
48 static inline void	 swapfunc(char *, char *, size_t, int);
49 
50 #define min(a, b)	(a) < (b) ? a : b
51 
52 /*
53  * Qsort routine from Bentley & McIlroy's "Engineering a Sort Function".
54  */
55 #define swapcode(TYPE, parmi, parmj, n) { 		\
56 	size_t i = (n) / sizeof (TYPE); 		\
57 	TYPE *pi = (TYPE *)(void *)(parmi); 		\
58 	TYPE *pj = (TYPE *)(void *)(parmj); 		\
59 	do { 						\
60 		TYPE	t = *pi;			\
61 		*pi++ = *pj;				\
62 		*pj++ = t;				\
63         } while (--i > 0);				\
64 }
65 
66 #define SWAPINIT(a, es) swaptype = ((char *)a - (char *)0) % sizeof(long) || \
67 	es % sizeof(long) ? 2 : es == sizeof(long)? 0 : 1;
68 
69 static inline void
70 swapfunc(char *a, char *b, size_t n, int swaptype)
71 {
72 
73 	if (swaptype <= 1)
74 		swapcode(long, a, b, n)
75 	else
76 		swapcode(char, a, b, n)
77 }
78 
79 #define swap(a, b)						\
80 	if (swaptype == 0) {					\
81 		long t = *(long *)(void *)(a);			\
82 		*(long *)(void *)(a) = *(long *)(void *)(b);	\
83 		*(long *)(void *)(b) = t;			\
84 	} else							\
85 		swapfunc(a, b, es, swaptype)
86 
87 #define vecswap(a, b, n) if ((n) > 0) swapfunc((a), (b), (size_t)(n), swaptype)
88 
89 static inline char *
90 med3(char *a, char *b, char *c,
91     int (*cmp)(const void *, const void *))
92 {
93 
94 	return cmp(a, b) < 0 ?
95 	       (cmp(b, c) < 0 ? b : (cmp(a, c) < 0 ? c : a ))
96               :(cmp(b, c) > 0 ? b : (cmp(a, c) < 0 ? a : c ));
97 }
98 
99 void
100 qsort(void *a, size_t n, size_t es,
101     int (*cmp)(const void *, const void *))
102 {
103 	char *pa, *pb, *pc, *pd, *pl, *pm, *pn;
104 	size_t d, r, s;
105 	int swaptype, cmp_result;
106 
107 	_DIAGASSERT(a != NULL || n == 0 || es == 0);
108 	_DIAGASSERT(cmp != NULL);
109 
110 loop:	SWAPINIT(a, es);
111 	if (n < 7) {
112 		for (pm = (char *) a + es; pm < (char *) a + n * es; pm += es)
113 			for (pl = pm; pl > (char *) a && cmp(pl - es, pl) > 0;
114 			     pl -= es)
115 				swap(pl, pl - es);
116 		return;
117 	}
118 	pm = (char *) a + (n / 2) * es;
119 	if (n > 7) {
120 		pl = (char *) a;
121 		pn = (char *) a + (n - 1) * es;
122 		if (n > 40) {
123 			d = (n / 8) * es;
124 			pl = med3(pl, pl + d, pl + 2 * d, cmp);
125 			pm = med3(pm - d, pm, pm + d, cmp);
126 			pn = med3(pn - 2 * d, pn - d, pn, cmp);
127 		}
128 		pm = med3(pl, pm, pn, cmp);
129 	}
130 	swap(a, pm);
131 	pa = pb = (char *) a + es;
132 
133 	pc = pd = (char *) a + (n - 1) * es;
134 	for (;;) {
135 		while (pb <= pc && (cmp_result = cmp(pb, a)) <= 0) {
136 			if (cmp_result == 0) {
137 				swap(pa, pb);
138 				pa += es;
139 			}
140 			pb += es;
141 		}
142 		while (pb <= pc && (cmp_result = cmp(pc, a)) >= 0) {
143 			if (cmp_result == 0) {
144 				swap(pc, pd);
145 				pd -= es;
146 			}
147 			pc -= es;
148 		}
149 		if (pb > pc)
150 			break;
151 		swap(pb, pc);
152 		pb += es;
153 		pc -= es;
154 	}
155 
156 	pn = (char *) a + n * es;
157 	r = min(pa - (char *) a, pb - pa);
158 	vecswap(a, pb - r, r);
159 	r = min((size_t)(pd - pc), pn - pd - es);
160 	vecswap(pb, pn - r, r);
161 	/*
162 	 * To save stack space we sort the smaller side of the partition first
163 	 * using recursion and eliminate tail recursion for the larger side.
164 	 */
165 	r = pb - pa;
166 	s = pd - pc;
167 	if (r < s) {
168 		/* Recurse for 1st side, iterate for 2nd side. */
169 		if (s > es) {
170 			if (r > es)
171 				qsort(a, r / es, es, cmp);
172 			a = pn - s;
173 			n = s / es;
174 			goto loop;
175 		}
176 	} else {
177 		/* Recurse for 2nd side, iterate for 1st side. */
178 		if (r > es) {
179 			if (s > es)
180 				qsort(pn - s, s / es, es, cmp);
181 			n = r / es;
182 			goto loop;
183 		}
184 	}
185 }
186