xref: /netbsd-src/lib/libc/stdlib/getopt_long.c (revision bcc8ec9959e7b01e313d813067bfb43a3ad70551)
1 /*	$NetBSD: getopt_long.c,v 1.10 2001/01/04 03:35:29 lukem Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 2000 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Dieter Baron and Thomas Klausner.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
19  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
20  *        This product includes software developed by the NetBSD
21  *        Foundation, Inc. and its contributors.
22  * 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its
23  *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
24  *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
25  *
26  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
27  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
28  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
29  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
30  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
31  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
32  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
33  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
34  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
35  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
36  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
37  */
38 
39 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
40 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
41 __RCSID("$NetBSD: getopt_long.c,v 1.10 2001/01/04 03:35:29 lukem Exp $");
42 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
43 
44 #include "namespace.h"
45 
46 #include <assert.h>
47 #include <errno.h>
48 #include <err.h>
49 #include <stdlib.h>
50 #include <string.h>
51 #include <getopt.h>
52 
53 #ifdef REPLACE_GETOPT
54 #ifdef __weak_alias
55 __weak_alias(getopt,_getopt)
56 #endif
57 int	opterr = 1;		/* if error message should be printed */
58 int	optind = 1;		/* index into parent argv vector */
59 int	optopt = '?';		/* character checked for validity */
60 int	optreset;		/* reset getopt */
61 char    *optarg;		/* argument associated with option */
62 #endif
63 
64 #ifdef __weak_alias
65 __weak_alias(getopt_long,_getopt_long)
66 #endif
67 
68 
69 #define IGNORE_FIRST	(*options == '-' || *options == '+')
70 #define PRINT_ERROR	((opterr) && ((*options != ':') \
71 				      || (IGNORE_FIRST && options[1] != ':')))
72 #define IS_POSIXLY_CORRECT (getenv("POSIXLY_CORRECT") != NULL)
73 #define PERMUTE         (!IS_POSIXLY_CORRECT && !IGNORE_FIRST)
74 /* XXX: GNU ignores PC if *options == '-' */
75 #define IN_ORDER        (!IS_POSIXLY_CORRECT && *options == '-')
76 
77 /* return values */
78 #define	BADCH	(int)'?'
79 #define	BADARG		((IGNORE_FIRST && options[1] == ':') \
80 			 || (*options == ':') ? (int)':' : (int)'?')
81 #define INORDER (int)1
82 
83 #define	EMSG	""
84 
85 static int getopt_internal __P((int, char * const *, const char *));
86 static int gcd __P((int, int));
87 static void permute_args __P((int, int, int, char * const *));
88 
89 static char *place = EMSG; /* option letter processing */
90 
91 /* XXX: set optreset to 1 rather than these two */
92 static int nonopt_start = -1; /* first non option argument (for permute) */
93 static int nonopt_end = -1;   /* first option after non options (for permute) */
94 
95 /* Error messages */
96 static const char recargchar[] = "option requires an argument -- %c";
97 static const char recargstring[] = "option requires an argument -- %s";
98 static const char ambig[] = "ambiguous option -- %.*s";
99 static const char noarg[] = "option doesn't take an argument -- %.*s";
100 static const char illoptchar[] = "illegal option -- %c";
101 static const char illoptstring[] = "illegal option -- %s";
102 
103 
104 extern char *__progname;
105 
106 /*
107  * Compute the greatest common divisor of a and b.
108  */
109 static int
110 gcd(a, b)
111 	int a;
112 	int b;
113 {
114 	int c;
115 
116 	c = a % b;
117 	while (c != 0) {
118 		a = b;
119 		b = c;
120 		c = a % b;
121 	}
122 
123 	return b;
124 }
125 
126 /*
127  * Exchange the block from nonopt_start to nonopt_end with the block
128  * from nonopt_end to opt_end (keeping the same order of arguments
129  * in each block).
130  */
131 static void
132 permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end, opt_end, nargv)
133 	int nonopt_start;
134 	int nonopt_end;
135 	int opt_end;
136 	char * const *nargv;
137 {
138 	int cstart, cyclelen, i, j, ncycle, nnonopts, nopts, pos;
139 	char *swap;
140 
141 	_DIAGASSERT(nargv != NULL);
142 
143 	/*
144 	 * compute lengths of blocks and number and size of cycles
145 	 */
146 	nnonopts = nonopt_end - nonopt_start;
147 	nopts = opt_end - nonopt_end;
148 	ncycle = gcd(nnonopts, nopts);
149 	cyclelen = (opt_end - nonopt_start) / ncycle;
150 
151 	for (i = 0; i < ncycle; i++) {
152 		cstart = nonopt_end+i;
153 		pos = cstart;
154 		for (j = 0; j < cyclelen; j++) {
155 			if (pos >= nonopt_end)
156 				pos -= nnonopts;
157 			else
158 				pos += nopts;
159 			swap = nargv[pos];
160 			/* LINTED const cast */
161 			((char **) nargv)[pos] = nargv[cstart];
162 			/* LINTED const cast */
163 			((char **)nargv)[cstart] = swap;
164 		}
165 	}
166 }
167 
168 /*
169  * getopt_internal --
170  *	Parse argc/argv argument vector.  Called by user level routines.
171  *  Returns -2 if -- is found (can be long option or end of options marker).
172  */
173 static int
174 getopt_internal(nargc, nargv, options)
175 	int nargc;
176 	char * const *nargv;
177 	const char *options;
178 {
179 	char *oli;				/* option letter list index */
180 	int optchar;
181 
182 	_DIAGASSERT(nargv != NULL);
183 	_DIAGASSERT(options != NULL);
184 
185 	optarg = NULL;
186 
187 	/*
188 	 * XXX Some programs (like rsyncd) expect to be able to
189 	 * XXX re-initialize optind to 0 and have getopt_long(3)
190 	 * XXX properly function again.  Work around this braindamage.
191 	 */
192 	if (optind == 0)
193 		optind = 1;
194 
195 	if (optreset)
196 		nonopt_start = nonopt_end = -1;
197 start:
198 	if (optreset || !*place) {		/* update scanning pointer */
199 		optreset = 0;
200 		if (optind >= nargc) {          /* end of argument vector */
201 			place = EMSG;
202 			if (nonopt_end != -1) {
203 				/* do permutation, if we have to */
204 				permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end,
205 				    optind, nargv);
206 				optind -= nonopt_end - nonopt_start;
207 			}
208 			else if (nonopt_start != -1) {
209 				/*
210 				 * If we skipped non-options, set optind
211 				 * to the first of them.
212 				 */
213 				optind = nonopt_start;
214 			}
215 			nonopt_start = nonopt_end = -1;
216 			return -1;
217 		}
218 		if ((*(place = nargv[optind]) != '-')
219 		    || (place[1] == '\0')) {    /* found non-option */
220 			place = EMSG;
221 			if (IN_ORDER) {
222 				/*
223 				 * GNU extension:
224 				 * return non-option as argument to option 1
225 				 */
226 				optarg = nargv[optind++];
227 				return INORDER;
228 			}
229 			if (!PERMUTE) {
230 				/*
231 				 * if no permutation wanted, stop parsing
232 				 * at first non-option
233 				 */
234 				return -1;
235 			}
236 			/* do permutation */
237 			if (nonopt_start == -1)
238 				nonopt_start = optind;
239 			else if (nonopt_end != -1) {
240 				permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end,
241 				    optind, nargv);
242 				nonopt_start = optind -
243 				    (nonopt_end - nonopt_start);
244 				nonopt_end = -1;
245 			}
246 			optind++;
247 			/* process next argument */
248 			goto start;
249 		}
250 		if (nonopt_start != -1 && nonopt_end == -1)
251 			nonopt_end = optind;
252 		if (place[1] && *++place == '-') {	/* found "--" */
253 			place++;
254 			return -2;
255 		}
256 	}
257 	if ((optchar = (int)*place++) == (int)':' ||
258 	    (oli = strchr(options + (IGNORE_FIRST ? 1 : 0), optchar)) == NULL) {
259 		/* option letter unknown or ':' */
260 		if (!*place)
261 			++optind;
262 		if (PRINT_ERROR)
263 			warnx(illoptchar, optchar);
264 		optopt = optchar;
265 		return BADCH;
266 	}
267 	if (optchar == 'W' && oli[1] == ';') {		/* -W long-option */
268 		/* XXX: what if no long options provided (called by getopt)? */
269 		if (*place)
270 			return -2;
271 
272 		if (++optind >= nargc) {	/* no arg */
273 			place = EMSG;
274 			if (PRINT_ERROR)
275 				warnx(recargchar, optchar);
276 			optopt = optchar;
277 			return BADARG;
278 		} else				/* white space */
279 			place = nargv[optind];
280 		/*
281 		 * Handle -W arg the same as --arg (which causes getopt to
282 		 * stop parsing).
283 		 */
284 		return -2;
285 	}
286 	if (*++oli != ':') {			/* doesn't take argument */
287 		if (!*place)
288 			++optind;
289 	} else {				/* takes (optional) argument */
290 		optarg = NULL;
291 		if (*place)			/* no white space */
292 			optarg = place;
293 		/* XXX: disable test for :: if PC? (GNU doesn't) */
294 		else if (oli[1] != ':') {	/* arg not optional */
295 			if (++optind >= nargc) {	/* no arg */
296 				place = EMSG;
297 				if (PRINT_ERROR)
298 					warnx(recargchar, optchar);
299 				optopt = optchar;
300 				return BADARG;
301 			} else
302 				optarg = nargv[optind];
303 		}
304 		place = EMSG;
305 		++optind;
306 	}
307 	/* dump back option letter */
308 	return optchar;
309 }
310 
311 #ifdef REPLACE_GETOPT
312 /*
313  * getopt --
314  *	Parse argc/argv argument vector.
315  *
316  * [eventually this will replace the real getopt]
317  */
318 int
319 getopt(nargc, nargv, options)
320 	int nargc;
321 	char * const *nargv;
322 	const char *options;
323 {
324 	int retval;
325 
326 	_DIAGASSERT(nargv != NULL);
327 	_DIAGASSERT(options != NULL);
328 
329 	if ((retval = getopt_internal(nargc, nargv, options)) == -2) {
330 		++optind;
331 		/*
332 		 * We found an option (--), so if we skipped non-options,
333 		 * we have to permute.
334 		 */
335 		if (nonopt_end != -1) {
336 			permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end, optind,
337 				       nargv);
338 			optind -= nonopt_end - nonopt_start;
339 		}
340 		nonopt_start = nonopt_end = -1;
341 		retval = -1;
342 	}
343 	return retval;
344 }
345 #endif
346 
347 /*
348  * getopt_long --
349  *	Parse argc/argv argument vector.
350  */
351 int
352 getopt_long(nargc, nargv, options, long_options, idx)
353 	int nargc;
354 	char * const *nargv;
355 	const char *options;
356 	const struct option *long_options;
357 	int *idx;
358 {
359 	int retval;
360 
361 	_DIAGASSERT(nargv != NULL);
362 	_DIAGASSERT(options != NULL);
363 	_DIAGASSERT(long_options != NULL);
364 	/* idx may be NULL */
365 
366 	if ((retval = getopt_internal(nargc, nargv, options)) == -2) {
367 		char *current_argv, *has_equal;
368 		size_t current_argv_len;
369 		int i, match;
370 
371 		current_argv = place;
372 		match = -1;
373 
374 		optind++;
375 		place = EMSG;
376 
377 		if (*current_argv == '\0') {		/* found "--" */
378 			/*
379 			 * We found an option (--), so if we skipped
380 			 * non-options, we have to permute.
381 			 */
382 			if (nonopt_end != -1) {
383 				permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end,
384 				    optind, nargv);
385 				optind -= nonopt_end - nonopt_start;
386 			}
387 			nonopt_start = nonopt_end = -1;
388 			return -1;
389 		}
390 		if ((has_equal = strchr(current_argv, '=')) != NULL) {
391 			/* argument found (--option=arg) */
392 			current_argv_len = has_equal - current_argv;
393 			has_equal++;
394 		} else
395 			current_argv_len = strlen(current_argv);
396 
397 		for (i = 0; long_options[i].name; i++) {
398 			/* find matching long option */
399 			if (strncmp(current_argv, long_options[i].name,
400 			    current_argv_len))
401 				continue;
402 
403 			if (strlen(long_options[i].name) ==
404 			    (unsigned)current_argv_len) {
405 				/* exact match */
406 				match = i;
407 				break;
408 			}
409 			if (match == -1)		/* partial match */
410 				match = i;
411 			else {
412 				/* ambiguous abbreviation */
413 				if (PRINT_ERROR)
414 					warnx(ambig, (int)current_argv_len,
415 					     current_argv);
416 				optopt = 0;
417 				return BADCH;
418 			}
419 		}
420 		if (match != -1) {			/* option found */
421 		        if (long_options[match].has_arg == no_argument
422 			    && has_equal) {
423 				if (PRINT_ERROR)
424 					warnx(noarg, (int)current_argv_len,
425 					     current_argv);
426 				/*
427 				 * XXX: GNU sets optopt to val regardless of
428 				 * flag
429 				 */
430 				if (long_options[match].flag == NULL)
431 					optopt = long_options[match].val;
432 				else
433 					optopt = 0;
434 				return BADARG;
435 			}
436 			if (long_options[match].has_arg == required_argument ||
437 			    long_options[match].has_arg == optional_argument) {
438 				if (has_equal)
439 					optarg = has_equal;
440 				else if (long_options[match].has_arg ==
441 				    required_argument) {
442 					/*
443 					 * optional argument doesn't use
444 					 * next nargv
445 					 */
446 					optarg = nargv[optind++];
447 				}
448 			}
449 			if ((long_options[match].has_arg == required_argument)
450 			    && (optarg == NULL)) {
451 				/*
452 				 * Missing argument; leading ':'
453 				 * indicates no error should be generated
454 				 */
455 				if (PRINT_ERROR)
456 					warnx(recargstring, current_argv);
457 				/*
458 				 * XXX: GNU sets optopt to val regardless
459 				 * of flag
460 				 */
461 				if (long_options[match].flag == NULL)
462 					optopt = long_options[match].val;
463 				else
464 					optopt = 0;
465 				--optind;
466 				return BADARG;
467 			}
468 		} else {			/* unknown option */
469 			if (PRINT_ERROR)
470 				warnx(illoptstring, current_argv);
471 			optopt = 0;
472 			return BADCH;
473 		}
474 		if (long_options[match].flag) {
475 			*long_options[match].flag = long_options[match].val;
476 			retval = 0;
477 		} else
478 			retval = long_options[match].val;
479 		if (idx)
480 			*idx = match;
481 	}
482 	return retval;
483 }
484