xref: /netbsd-src/lib/libc/stdlib/getopt_long.c (revision 5aefcfdc06931dd97e76246d2fe0302f7b3fe094)
1 /*	$NetBSD: getopt_long.c,v 1.9 2000/11/26 23:39:11 wiz Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 2000 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Dieter Baron and Thomas Klausner.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
19  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
20  *        This product includes software developed by the NetBSD
21  *        Foundation, Inc. and its contributors.
22  * 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its
23  *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
24  *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
25  *
26  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
27  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
28  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
29  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
30  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
31  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
32  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
33  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
34  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
35  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
36  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
37  */
38 
39 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
40 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
41 __RCSID("$NetBSD: getopt_long.c,v 1.9 2000/11/26 23:39:11 wiz Exp $");
42 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
43 
44 #include "namespace.h"
45 
46 #include <assert.h>
47 #include <errno.h>
48 #include <err.h>
49 #include <stdlib.h>
50 #include <string.h>
51 #include <getopt.h>
52 
53 #ifdef REPLACE_GETOPT
54 #ifdef __weak_alias
55 __weak_alias(getopt,_getopt)
56 #endif
57 int	opterr = 1;		/* if error message should be printed */
58 int	optind = 1;		/* index into parent argv vector */
59 int	optopt = '?';		/* character checked for validity */
60 int	optreset;		/* reset getopt */
61 char    *optarg;		/* argument associated with option */
62 #endif
63 
64 #ifdef __weak_alias
65 __weak_alias(getopt_long,_getopt_long)
66 #endif
67 
68 
69 #define IGNORE_FIRST	(*options == '-' || *options == '+')
70 #define PRINT_ERROR	((opterr) && ((*options != ':') \
71 				      || (IGNORE_FIRST && options[1] != ':')))
72 #define IS_POSIXLY_CORRECT (getenv("POSIXLY_CORRECT") != NULL)
73 #define PERMUTE         (!IS_POSIXLY_CORRECT && !IGNORE_FIRST)
74 /* XXX: GNU ignores PC if *options == '-' */
75 #define IN_ORDER        (!IS_POSIXLY_CORRECT && *options == '-')
76 
77 /* return values */
78 #define	BADCH	(int)'?'
79 #define	BADARG		((IGNORE_FIRST && options[1] == ':') \
80 			 || (*options == ':') ? (int)':' : (int)'?')
81 #define INORDER (int)1
82 
83 #define	EMSG	""
84 
85 static int getopt_internal __P((int, char * const *, const char *));
86 static int gcd __P((int, int));
87 static void permute_args __P((int, int, int, char * const *));
88 
89 static char *place = EMSG; /* option letter processing */
90 
91 /* XXX: set optreset to 1 rather than these two */
92 static int nonopt_start = -1; /* first non option argument (for permute) */
93 static int nonopt_end = -1;   /* first option after non options (for permute) */
94 
95 /* Error messages */
96 static const char recargchar[] = "option requires an argument -- %c";
97 static const char recargstring[] = "option requires an argument -- %s";
98 static const char ambig[] = "ambiguous option -- %.*s";
99 static const char noarg[] = "option doesn't take an argument -- %.*s";
100 static const char illoptchar[] = "illegal option -- %c";
101 static const char illoptstring[] = "illegal option -- %s";
102 
103 
104 extern char *__progname;
105 
106 /*
107  * Compute the greatest common divisor of a and b.
108  */
109 static int
110 gcd(a, b)
111 	int a;
112 	int b;
113 {
114 	int c;
115 
116 	c = a % b;
117 	while (c != 0) {
118 		a = b;
119 		b = c;
120 		c = a % b;
121 	}
122 
123 	return b;
124 }
125 
126 /*
127  * Exchange the block from nonopt_start to nonopt_end with the block
128  * from nonopt_end to opt_end (keeping the same order of arguments
129  * in each block).
130  */
131 static void
132 permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end, opt_end, nargv)
133 	int nonopt_start;
134 	int nonopt_end;
135 	int opt_end;
136 	char * const *nargv;
137 {
138 	int cstart, cyclelen, i, j, ncycle, nnonopts, nopts, pos;
139 	char *swap;
140 
141 	/*
142 	 * compute lengths of blocks and number and size of cycles
143 	 */
144 	nnonopts = nonopt_end - nonopt_start;
145 	nopts = opt_end - nonopt_end;
146 	ncycle = gcd(nnonopts, nopts);
147 	cyclelen = (opt_end - nonopt_start) / ncycle;
148 
149 	for (i = 0; i < ncycle; i++) {
150 		cstart = nonopt_end+i;
151 		pos = cstart;
152 		for (j = 0; j < cyclelen; j++) {
153 			if (pos >= nonopt_end)
154 				pos -= nnonopts;
155 			else
156 				pos += nopts;
157 			swap = nargv[pos];
158 			/* LINTED const cast */
159 			((char **) nargv)[pos] = nargv[cstart];
160 			/* LINTED const cast */
161 			((char **)nargv)[cstart] = swap;
162 		}
163 	}
164 }
165 
166 /*
167  * getopt_internal --
168  *	Parse argc/argv argument vector.  Called by user level routines.
169  *  Returns -2 if -- is found (can be long option or end of options marker).
170  */
171 static int
172 getopt_internal(nargc, nargv, options)
173 	int nargc;
174 	char * const *nargv;
175 	const char *options;
176 {
177 	char *oli;				/* option letter list index */
178 	int optchar;
179 
180 	_DIAGASSERT(nargv != NULL);
181 	_DIAGASSERT(options != NULL);
182 
183 	optarg = NULL;
184 
185 	/*
186 	 * XXX Some programs (like rsyncd) expect to be able to
187 	 * XXX re-initialize optind to 0 and have getopt_long(3)
188 	 * XXX properly function again.  Work around this braindamage.
189 	 */
190 	if (optind == 0)
191 		optind = 1;
192 
193 	if (optreset)
194 		nonopt_start = nonopt_end = -1;
195 start:
196 	if (optreset || !*place) {		/* update scanning pointer */
197 		optreset = 0;
198 		if (optind >= nargc) {          /* end of argument vector */
199 			place = EMSG;
200 			if (nonopt_end != -1) {
201 				/* do permutation, if we have to */
202 				permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end,
203 				    optind, nargv);
204 				optind -= nonopt_end - nonopt_start;
205 			}
206 			else if (nonopt_start != -1) {
207 				/*
208 				 * If we skipped non-options, set optind
209 				 * to the first of them.
210 				 */
211 				optind = nonopt_start;
212 			}
213 			nonopt_start = nonopt_end = -1;
214 			return -1;
215 		}
216 		if ((*(place = nargv[optind]) != '-')
217 		    || (place[1] == '\0')) {    /* found non-option */
218 			place = EMSG;
219 			if (IN_ORDER) {
220 				/*
221 				 * GNU extension:
222 				 * return non-option as argument to option 1
223 				 */
224 				optarg = nargv[optind++];
225 				return INORDER;
226 			}
227 			if (!PERMUTE) {
228 				/*
229 				 * if no permutation wanted, stop parsing
230 				 * at first non-option
231 				 */
232 				return -1;
233 			}
234 			/* do permutation */
235 			if (nonopt_start == -1)
236 				nonopt_start = optind;
237 			else if (nonopt_end != -1) {
238 				permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end,
239 				    optind, nargv);
240 				nonopt_start = optind -
241 				    (nonopt_end - nonopt_start);
242 				nonopt_end = -1;
243 			}
244 			optind++;
245 			/* process next argument */
246 			goto start;
247 		}
248 		if (nonopt_start != -1 && nonopt_end == -1)
249 			nonopt_end = optind;
250 		if (place[1] && *++place == '-') {	/* found "--" */
251 			place++;
252 			return -2;
253 		}
254 	}
255 	if ((optchar = (int)*place++) == (int)':' ||
256 	    (oli = strchr(options + (IGNORE_FIRST ? 1 : 0), optchar)) == NULL) {
257 		/* option letter unknown or ':' */
258 		if (!*place)
259 			++optind;
260 		if (PRINT_ERROR)
261 			warnx(illoptchar, optchar);
262 		optopt = optchar;
263 		return BADCH;
264 	}
265 	if (optchar == 'W' && oli[1] == ';') {		/* -W long-option */
266 		/* XXX: what if no long options provided (called by getopt)? */
267 		if (*place)
268 			return -2;
269 
270 		if (++optind >= nargc) {	/* no arg */
271 			place = EMSG;
272 			if (PRINT_ERROR)
273 				warnx(recargchar, optchar);
274 			optopt = optchar;
275 			return BADARG;
276 		} else				/* white space */
277 			place = nargv[optind];
278 		/*
279 		 * Handle -W arg the same as --arg (which causes getopt to
280 		 * stop parsing).
281 		 */
282 		return -2;
283 	}
284 	if (*++oli != ':') {			/* doesn't take argument */
285 		if (!*place)
286 			++optind;
287 	} else {				/* takes (optional) argument */
288 		optarg = NULL;
289 		if (*place)			/* no white space */
290 			optarg = place;
291 		/* XXX: disable test for :: if PC? (GNU doesn't) */
292 		else if (oli[1] != ':') {	/* arg not optional */
293 			if (++optind >= nargc) {	/* no arg */
294 				place = EMSG;
295 				if (PRINT_ERROR)
296 					warnx(recargchar, optchar);
297 				optopt = optchar;
298 				return BADARG;
299 			} else
300 				optarg = nargv[optind];
301 		}
302 		place = EMSG;
303 		++optind;
304 	}
305 	/* dump back option letter */
306 	return optchar;
307 }
308 
309 #ifdef REPLACE_GETOPT
310 /*
311  * getopt --
312  *	Parse argc/argv argument vector.
313  *
314  * [eventually this will replace the real getopt]
315  */
316 int
317 getopt(nargc, nargv, options)
318 	int nargc;
319 	char * const *nargv;
320 	const char *options;
321 {
322 	int retval;
323 
324 	if ((retval = getopt_internal(nargc, nargv, options)) == -2) {
325 		++optind;
326 		/*
327 		 * We found an option (--), so if we skipped non-options,
328 		 * we have to permute.
329 		 */
330 		if (nonopt_end != -1) {
331 			permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end, optind,
332 				       nargv);
333 			optind -= nonopt_end - nonopt_start;
334 		}
335 		nonopt_start = nonopt_end = -1;
336 		retval = -1;
337 	}
338 	return retval;
339 }
340 #endif
341 
342 /*
343  * getopt_long --
344  *	Parse argc/argv argument vector.
345  */
346 int
347 getopt_long(nargc, nargv, options, long_options, idx)
348 	int nargc;
349 	char * const *nargv;
350 	const char *options;
351 	const struct option *long_options;
352 	int *idx;
353 {
354 	int retval;
355 
356 	_DIAGASSERT(nargv != NULL);
357 	_DIAGASSERT(options != NULL);
358 	_DIAGASSERT(long_options != NULL);
359 	/* idx may be NULL */
360 
361 	if ((retval = getopt_internal(nargc, nargv, options)) == -2) {
362 		char *current_argv, *has_equal;
363 		size_t current_argv_len;
364 		int i, match;
365 
366 		current_argv = place;
367 		match = -1;
368 
369 		optind++;
370 		place = EMSG;
371 
372 		if (*current_argv == '\0') {		/* found "--" */
373 			/*
374 			 * We found an option (--), so if we skipped
375 			 * non-options, we have to permute.
376 			 */
377 			if (nonopt_end != -1) {
378 				permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end,
379 				    optind, nargv);
380 				optind -= nonopt_end - nonopt_start;
381 			}
382 			nonopt_start = nonopt_end = -1;
383 			return -1;
384 		}
385 		if ((has_equal = strchr(current_argv, '=')) != NULL) {
386 			/* argument found (--option=arg) */
387 			current_argv_len = has_equal - current_argv;
388 			has_equal++;
389 		} else
390 			current_argv_len = strlen(current_argv);
391 
392 		for (i = 0; long_options[i].name; i++) {
393 			/* find matching long option */
394 			if (strncmp(current_argv, long_options[i].name,
395 			    current_argv_len))
396 				continue;
397 
398 			if (strlen(long_options[i].name) ==
399 			    (unsigned)current_argv_len) {
400 				/* exact match */
401 				match = i;
402 				break;
403 			}
404 			if (match == -1)		/* partial match */
405 				match = i;
406 			else {
407 				/* ambiguous abbreviation */
408 				if (PRINT_ERROR)
409 					warnx(ambig, (int)current_argv_len,
410 					     current_argv);
411 				optopt = 0;
412 				return BADCH;
413 			}
414 		}
415 		if (match != -1) {			/* option found */
416 		        if (long_options[match].has_arg == no_argument
417 			    && has_equal) {
418 				if (PRINT_ERROR)
419 					warnx(noarg, (int)current_argv_len,
420 					     current_argv);
421 				/*
422 				 * XXX: GNU sets optopt to val regardless of
423 				 * flag
424 				 */
425 				if (long_options[match].flag == NULL)
426 					optopt = long_options[match].val;
427 				else
428 					optopt = 0;
429 				return BADARG;
430 			}
431 			if (long_options[match].has_arg == required_argument ||
432 			    long_options[match].has_arg == optional_argument) {
433 				if (has_equal)
434 					optarg = has_equal;
435 				else if (long_options[match].has_arg ==
436 				    required_argument) {
437 					/*
438 					 * optional argument doesn't use
439 					 * next nargv
440 					 */
441 					optarg = nargv[optind++];
442 				}
443 			}
444 			if ((long_options[match].has_arg == required_argument)
445 			    && (optarg == NULL)) {
446 				/*
447 				 * Missing argument; leading ':'
448 				 * indicates no error should be generated
449 				 */
450 				if (PRINT_ERROR)
451 					warnx(recargstring, current_argv);
452 				/*
453 				 * XXX: GNU sets optopt to val regardless
454 				 * of flag
455 				 */
456 				if (long_options[match].flag == NULL)
457 					optopt = long_options[match].val;
458 				else
459 					optopt = 0;
460 				--optind;
461 				return BADARG;
462 			}
463 		} else {			/* unknown option */
464 			if (PRINT_ERROR)
465 				warnx(illoptstring, current_argv);
466 			optopt = 0;
467 			return BADCH;
468 		}
469 		if (long_options[match].flag) {
470 			*long_options[match].flag = long_options[match].val;
471 			retval = 0;
472 		} else
473 			retval = long_options[match].val;
474 		if (idx)
475 			*idx = match;
476 	}
477 	return retval;
478 }
479