xref: /netbsd-src/lib/libc/resolv/res_send.c (revision 6dffe8d42bd46273f674d7ab834e7be9b1af990e)
1 /*	$NetBSD: res_send.c,v 1.18 2009/04/12 17:07:17 christos Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Portions Copyright (C) 2004-2009  Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
5  * Portions Copyright (C) 1996-2003  Internet Software Consortium.
6  *
7  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
8  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
9  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
10  *
11  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH
12  * REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
13  * AND FITNESS.  IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
14  * INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM
15  * LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE
16  * OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
17  * PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
18  */
19 
20 /*
21  * Copyright (c) 1985, 1989, 1993
22  *    The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
23  *
24  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
25  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
26  * are met:
27  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
28  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
29  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
30  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
31  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
32  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
33  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
34  * 	This product includes software developed by the University of
35  * 	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
36  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
37  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
38  *    without specific prior written permission.
39  *
40  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
41  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
42  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
43  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
44  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
45  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
46  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
47  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
48  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
49  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
50  * SUCH DAMAGE.
51  */
52 
53 /*
54  * Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
55  *
56  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
57  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
58  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that
59  * the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or
60  * publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without
61  * specific, written prior permission.
62  *
63  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL
64  * WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
65  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS.   IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT
66  * CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
67  * DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
68  * PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
69  * ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
70  * SOFTWARE.
71  */
72 
73 /*
74  * Copyright (c) 2005 by Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
75  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-1999 by Internet Software Consortium.
76  *
77  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
78  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
79  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
80  *
81  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
82  * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
83  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS.  IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR
84  * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
85  * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
86  * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
87  * OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
88  */
89 
90 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
91 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
92 #ifdef notdef
93 static const char sccsid[] = "@(#)res_send.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93";
94 static const char rcsid[] = "Id: res_send.c,v 1.22 2009/01/22 23:49:23 tbox Exp";
95 #else
96 __RCSID("$NetBSD: res_send.c,v 1.18 2009/04/12 17:07:17 christos Exp $");
97 #endif
98 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
99 
100 /*! \file
101  * \brief
102  * Send query to name server and wait for reply.
103  */
104 
105 #include "namespace.h"
106 #include "port_before.h"
107 #include "fd_setsize.h"
108 
109 #include <sys/types.h>
110 #include <sys/param.h>
111 #include <sys/time.h>
112 #include <sys/socket.h>
113 #include <sys/uio.h>
114 
115 #include <netinet/in.h>
116 #include <arpa/nameser.h>
117 #include <arpa/inet.h>
118 
119 #include <errno.h>
120 #include <netdb.h>
121 #include <resolv.h>
122 #include <signal.h>
123 #include <stdio.h>
124 #include <stdlib.h>
125 #include <string.h>
126 #include <unistd.h>
127 
128 #include <isc/eventlib.h>
129 
130 #include "port_after.h"
131 
132 #if 0
133 #ifdef __weak_alias
134 __weak_alias(res_ourserver_p,__res_ourserver_p)
135 __weak_alias(res_nameinquery,__res_nameinquery)
136 __weak_alias(res_queriesmatch,__res_queriesmatch)
137 __weak_alias(res_nsend,__res_nsend)
138 #endif
139 #endif
140 
141 
142 #ifdef USE_POLL
143 #ifdef HAVE_STROPTS_H
144 #include <stropts.h>
145 #endif
146 #include <poll.h>
147 #endif /* USE_POLL */
148 
149 /* Options.  Leave them on. */
150 #ifndef DEBUG
151 #define DEBUG
152 #endif
153 #include "res_debug.h"
154 #include "res_private.h"
155 
156 #define EXT(res) ((res)->_u._ext)
157 
158 #ifndef USE_POLL
159 static const int highestFD = FD_SETSIZE - 1;
160 #else
161 static int highestFD = 0;
162 #endif
163 
164 /* Forward. */
165 
166 static int		get_salen __P((const struct sockaddr *));
167 static struct sockaddr * get_nsaddr __P((res_state, size_t));
168 static int		send_vc(res_state, const u_char *, int,
169 				u_char *, int, int *, int);
170 static int		send_dg(res_state, const u_char *, int,
171 				u_char *, int, int *, int, int,
172 				int *, int *);
173 static void		Aerror(const res_state, FILE *, const char *, int,
174 			       const struct sockaddr *, int);
175 static void		Perror(const res_state, FILE *, const char *, int);
176 static int		sock_eq(struct sockaddr *, struct sockaddr *);
177 #if defined(NEED_PSELECT) && !defined(USE_POLL)
178 static int		pselect(int, void *, void *, void *,
179 				struct timespec *,
180 				const sigset_t *);
181 #endif
182 void res_pquery(const res_state, const u_char *, int, FILE *);
183 
184 static const int niflags = NI_NUMERICHOST | NI_NUMERICSERV;
185 
186 /* Public. */
187 
188 /*%
189  *	looks up "ina" in _res.ns_addr_list[]
190  *
191  * returns:
192  *\li	0  : not found
193  *\li	>0 : found
194  *
195  * author:
196  *\li	paul vixie, 29may94
197  */
198 int
199 res_ourserver_p(const res_state statp, const struct sockaddr *sa) {
200 	const struct sockaddr_in *inp, *srv;
201 	const struct sockaddr_in6 *in6p, *srv6;
202 	int ns;
203 
204 	switch (sa->sa_family) {
205 	case AF_INET:
206 		inp = (const struct sockaddr_in *)(const void *)sa;
207 		for (ns = 0;  ns < statp->nscount;  ns++) {
208 			srv = (struct sockaddr_in *)(void *)get_nsaddr(statp, (size_t)ns);
209 			if (srv->sin_family == inp->sin_family &&
210 			    srv->sin_port == inp->sin_port &&
211 			    (srv->sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_ANY ||
212 			     srv->sin_addr.s_addr == inp->sin_addr.s_addr))
213 				return (1);
214 		}
215 		break;
216 	case AF_INET6:
217 		if (EXT(statp).ext == NULL)
218 			break;
219 		in6p = (const struct sockaddr_in6 *)(const void *)sa;
220 		for (ns = 0;  ns < statp->nscount;  ns++) {
221 			srv6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)(void *)get_nsaddr(statp, (size_t)ns);
222 			if (srv6->sin6_family == in6p->sin6_family &&
223 			    srv6->sin6_port == in6p->sin6_port &&
224 #ifdef HAVE_SIN6_SCOPE_ID
225 			    (srv6->sin6_scope_id == 0 ||
226 			     srv6->sin6_scope_id == in6p->sin6_scope_id) &&
227 #endif
228 			    (IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&srv6->sin6_addr) ||
229 			     IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&srv6->sin6_addr, &in6p->sin6_addr)))
230 				return (1);
231 		}
232 		break;
233 	default:
234 		break;
235 	}
236 	return (0);
237 }
238 
239 /*%
240  *	look for (name,type,class) in the query section of packet (buf,eom)
241  *
242  * requires:
243  *\li	buf + HFIXEDSZ <= eom
244  *
245  * returns:
246  *\li	-1 : format error
247  *\li	0  : not found
248  *\li	>0 : found
249  *
250  * author:
251  *\li	paul vixie, 29may94
252  */
253 int
254 res_nameinquery(const char *name, int type, int class,
255 		const u_char *buf, const u_char *eom)
256 {
257 	const u_char *cp = buf + HFIXEDSZ;
258 	int qdcount = ntohs(((const HEADER*)(const void *)buf)->qdcount);
259 
260 	while (qdcount-- > 0) {
261 		char tname[MAXDNAME+1];
262 		int n, ttype, tclass;
263 
264 		n = dn_expand(buf, eom, cp, tname, sizeof tname);
265 		if (n < 0)
266 			return (-1);
267 		cp += n;
268 		if (cp + 2 * INT16SZ > eom)
269 			return (-1);
270 		ttype = ns_get16(cp); cp += INT16SZ;
271 		tclass = ns_get16(cp); cp += INT16SZ;
272 		if (ttype == type && tclass == class &&
273 		    ns_samename(tname, name) == 1)
274 			return (1);
275 	}
276 	return (0);
277 }
278 
279 /*%
280  *	is there a 1:1 mapping of (name,type,class)
281  *	in (buf1,eom1) and (buf2,eom2)?
282  *
283  * returns:
284  *\li	-1 : format error
285  *\li	0  : not a 1:1 mapping
286  *\li	>0 : is a 1:1 mapping
287  *
288  * author:
289  *\li	paul vixie, 29may94
290  */
291 int
292 res_queriesmatch(const u_char *buf1, const u_char *eom1,
293 		 const u_char *buf2, const u_char *eom2)
294 {
295 	const u_char *cp = buf1 + HFIXEDSZ;
296 	int qdcount = ntohs(((const HEADER*)(const void *)buf1)->qdcount);
297 
298 	if (buf1 + HFIXEDSZ > eom1 || buf2 + HFIXEDSZ > eom2)
299 		return (-1);
300 
301 	/*
302 	 * Only header section present in replies to
303 	 * dynamic update packets.
304 	 */
305 	if ((((const HEADER *)(const void *)buf1)->opcode == ns_o_update) &&
306 	    (((const HEADER *)(const void *)buf2)->opcode == ns_o_update))
307 		return (1);
308 
309 	if (qdcount != ntohs(((const HEADER*)(const void *)buf2)->qdcount))
310 		return (0);
311 	while (qdcount-- > 0) {
312 		char tname[MAXDNAME+1];
313 		int n, ttype, tclass;
314 
315 		n = dn_expand(buf1, eom1, cp, tname, sizeof tname);
316 		if (n < 0)
317 			return (-1);
318 		cp += n;
319 		if (cp + 2 * INT16SZ > eom1)
320 			return (-1);
321 		ttype = ns_get16(cp);	cp += INT16SZ;
322 		tclass = ns_get16(cp); cp += INT16SZ;
323 		if (!res_nameinquery(tname, ttype, tclass, buf2, eom2))
324 			return (0);
325 	}
326 	return (1);
327 }
328 
329 int
330 res_nsend(res_state statp,
331 	  const u_char *buf, int buflen, u_char *ans, int anssiz)
332 {
333 	int gotsomewhere, terrno, tries, v_circuit, resplen, ns, n;
334 	char abuf[NI_MAXHOST];
335 
336 #ifdef USE_POLL
337 	highestFD = sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX) - 1;
338 #endif
339 
340 	/* No name servers or res_init() failure */
341 	if (statp->nscount == 0 || EXT(statp).ext == NULL) {
342 		errno = ESRCH;
343 		return (-1);
344 	}
345 	if (anssiz < HFIXEDSZ) {
346 		errno = EINVAL;
347 		return (-1);
348 	}
349 	DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) || (statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_QUERY),
350 		(stdout, ";; res_send()\n"), buf, buflen);
351 	v_circuit = (statp->options & RES_USEVC) || buflen > PACKETSZ;
352 	gotsomewhere = 0;
353 	terrno = ETIMEDOUT;
354 
355 	/*
356 	 * If the ns_addr_list in the resolver context has changed, then
357 	 * invalidate our cached copy and the associated timing data.
358 	 */
359 	if (EXT(statp).nscount != 0) {
360 		int needclose = 0;
361 		struct sockaddr_storage peer;
362 		ISC_SOCKLEN_T peerlen;
363 
364 		if (EXT(statp).nscount != statp->nscount)
365 			needclose++;
366 		else
367 			for (ns = 0; ns < statp->nscount; ns++) {
368 				if (statp->nsaddr_list[ns].sin_family &&
369 				    !sock_eq((struct sockaddr *)(void *)&statp->nsaddr_list[ns],
370 					     (struct sockaddr *)(void *)&EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[ns])) {
371 					needclose++;
372 					break;
373 				}
374 
375 				if (EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] == -1)
376 					continue;
377 				peerlen = sizeof(peer);
378 				if (getpeername(EXT(statp).nssocks[ns],
379 				    (struct sockaddr *)(void *)&peer, &peerlen) < 0) {
380 					needclose++;
381 					break;
382 				}
383 				if (!sock_eq((struct sockaddr *)(void *)&peer,
384 				    get_nsaddr(statp, (size_t)ns))) {
385 					needclose++;
386 					break;
387 				}
388 			}
389 		if (needclose) {
390 			res_nclose(statp);
391 			EXT(statp).nscount = 0;
392 		}
393 	}
394 
395 	/*
396 	 * Maybe initialize our private copy of the ns_addr_list.
397 	 */
398 	if (EXT(statp).nscount == 0) {
399 		for (ns = 0; ns < statp->nscount; ns++) {
400 			EXT(statp).nstimes[ns] = RES_MAXTIME;
401 			EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] = -1;
402 			if (!statp->nsaddr_list[ns].sin_family)
403 				continue;
404 			EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[ns].sin =
405 				 statp->nsaddr_list[ns];
406 		}
407 		EXT(statp).nscount = statp->nscount;
408 	}
409 
410 	/*
411 	 * Some resolvers want to even out the load on their nameservers.
412 	 * Note that RES_BLAST overrides RES_ROTATE.
413 	 */
414 	if ((statp->options & RES_ROTATE) != 0U &&
415 	    (statp->options & RES_BLAST) == 0U) {
416 		union res_sockaddr_union inu;
417 		struct sockaddr_in ina;
418 		int lastns = statp->nscount - 1;
419 		int fd;
420 		u_int16_t nstime;
421 
422 		if (EXT(statp).ext != NULL)
423 			inu = EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[0];
424 		ina = statp->nsaddr_list[0];
425 		fd = EXT(statp).nssocks[0];
426 		nstime = EXT(statp).nstimes[0];
427 		for (ns = 0; ns < lastns; ns++) {
428 			if (EXT(statp).ext != NULL)
429 				EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[ns] =
430 					EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[ns + 1];
431 			statp->nsaddr_list[ns] = statp->nsaddr_list[ns + 1];
432 			EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] = EXT(statp).nssocks[ns + 1];
433 			EXT(statp).nstimes[ns] = EXT(statp).nstimes[ns + 1];
434 		}
435 		if (EXT(statp).ext != NULL)
436 			EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[lastns] = inu;
437 		statp->nsaddr_list[lastns] = ina;
438 		EXT(statp).nssocks[lastns] = fd;
439 		EXT(statp).nstimes[lastns] = nstime;
440 	}
441 
442 	/*
443 	 * Send request, RETRY times, or until successful.
444 	 */
445 	for (tries = 0; tries < statp->retry; tries++) {
446 	    for (ns = 0; ns < statp->nscount; ns++) {
447 		struct sockaddr *nsap;
448 		int nsaplen;
449 		nsap = get_nsaddr(statp, (size_t)ns);
450 		nsaplen = get_salen(nsap);
451 		statp->_flags &= ~RES_F_LASTMASK;
452 		statp->_flags |= (ns << RES_F_LASTSHIFT);
453  same_ns:
454 		if (statp->qhook) {
455 			int done = 0, loops = 0;
456 
457 			do {
458 				res_sendhookact act;
459 
460 				act = (*statp->qhook)(&nsap, &buf, &buflen,
461 						      ans, anssiz, &resplen);
462 				switch (act) {
463 				case res_goahead:
464 					done = 1;
465 					break;
466 				case res_nextns:
467 					res_nclose(statp);
468 					goto next_ns;
469 				case res_done:
470 					return (resplen);
471 				case res_modified:
472 					/* give the hook another try */
473 					if (++loops < 42) /*doug adams*/
474 						break;
475 					/*FALLTHROUGH*/
476 				case res_error:
477 					/*FALLTHROUGH*/
478 				default:
479 					goto fail;
480 				}
481 			} while (!done);
482 		}
483 
484 		Dprint(((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) &&
485 			getnameinfo(nsap, (socklen_t)nsaplen, abuf, sizeof(abuf),
486 				    NULL, 0, niflags) == 0),
487 		       (stdout, ";; Querying server (# %d) address = %s\n",
488 			ns + 1, abuf));
489 
490 
491 		if (v_circuit) {
492 			/* Use VC; at most one attempt per server. */
493 			tries = statp->retry;
494 			n = send_vc(statp, buf, buflen, ans, anssiz, &terrno,
495 				    ns);
496 			if (n < 0)
497 				goto fail;
498 			if (n == 0)
499 				goto next_ns;
500 			resplen = n;
501 		} else {
502 			/* Use datagrams. */
503 			n = send_dg(statp, buf, buflen, ans, anssiz, &terrno,
504 				    ns, tries, &v_circuit, &gotsomewhere);
505 			if (n < 0)
506 				goto fail;
507 			if (n == 0)
508 				goto next_ns;
509 			if (v_circuit)
510 				goto same_ns;
511 			resplen = n;
512 		}
513 
514 		Dprint((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
515 		       ((statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY) &&
516 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_HEAD1)),
517 		       (stdout, ";; got answer:\n"));
518 
519 		DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
520 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY),
521 			(stdout, "%s", ""),
522 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
523 
524 		/*
525 		 * If we have temporarily opened a virtual circuit,
526 		 * or if we haven't been asked to keep a socket open,
527 		 * close the socket.
528 		 */
529 		if ((v_circuit && (statp->options & RES_USEVC) == 0U) ||
530 		    (statp->options & RES_STAYOPEN) == 0U) {
531 			res_nclose(statp);
532 		}
533 		if (statp->rhook) {
534 			int done = 0, loops = 0;
535 
536 			do {
537 				res_sendhookact act;
538 
539 				act = (*statp->rhook)(nsap, buf, buflen,
540 						      ans, anssiz, &resplen);
541 				switch (act) {
542 				case res_goahead:
543 				case res_done:
544 					done = 1;
545 					break;
546 				case res_nextns:
547 					res_nclose(statp);
548 					goto next_ns;
549 				case res_modified:
550 					/* give the hook another try */
551 					if (++loops < 42) /*doug adams*/
552 						break;
553 					/*FALLTHROUGH*/
554 				case res_error:
555 					/*FALLTHROUGH*/
556 				default:
557 					goto fail;
558 				}
559 			} while (!done);
560 
561 		}
562 		return (resplen);
563  next_ns: ;
564 	   } /*foreach ns*/
565 	} /*foreach retry*/
566 	res_nclose(statp);
567 	if (!v_circuit) {
568 		if (!gotsomewhere)
569 			errno = ECONNREFUSED;	/*%< no nameservers found */
570 		else
571 			errno = ETIMEDOUT;	/*%< no answer obtained */
572 	} else
573 		errno = terrno;
574 	return (-1);
575  fail:
576 	res_nclose(statp);
577 	return (-1);
578 }
579 
580 /* Private */
581 
582 static int
583 get_salen(sa)
584 	const struct sockaddr *sa;
585 {
586 
587 #ifdef HAVE_SA_LEN
588 	/* There are people do not set sa_len.  Be forgiving to them. */
589 	if (sa->sa_len)
590 		return (sa->sa_len);
591 #endif
592 
593 	if (sa->sa_family == AF_INET)
594 		return (sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
595 	else if (sa->sa_family == AF_INET6)
596 		return (sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6));
597 	else
598 		return (0);	/*%< unknown, die on connect */
599 }
600 
601 /*%
602  * pick appropriate nsaddr_list for use.  see res_init() for initialization.
603  */
604 static struct sockaddr *
605 get_nsaddr(statp, n)
606 	res_state statp;
607 	size_t n;
608 {
609 
610 	if (!statp->nsaddr_list[n].sin_family && EXT(statp).ext) {
611 		/*
612 		 * - EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[n] holds an address that is larger
613 		 *   than struct sockaddr, and
614 		 * - user code did not update statp->nsaddr_list[n].
615 		 */
616 		return (struct sockaddr *)(void *)&EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[n];
617 	} else {
618 		/*
619 		 * - user code updated statp->nsaddr_list[n], or
620 		 * - statp->nsaddr_list[n] has the same content as
621 		 *   EXT(statp).ext->nsaddrs[n].
622 		 */
623 		return (struct sockaddr *)(void *)&statp->nsaddr_list[n];
624 	}
625 }
626 
627 static int
628 send_vc(res_state statp,
629 	const u_char *buf, int buflen, u_char *ans, int anssiz,
630 	int *terrno, int ns)
631 {
632 	const HEADER *hp = (const HEADER *)(const void *)buf;
633 	HEADER *anhp = (HEADER *)(void *)ans;
634 	struct sockaddr *nsap;
635 	int nsaplen;
636 	int truncating, connreset, resplen, n;
637 	struct iovec iov[2];
638 	u_short len;
639 	u_char *cp;
640 	void *tmp;
641 #ifdef SO_NOSIGPIPE
642 	int on = 1;
643 #endif
644 
645 	nsap = get_nsaddr(statp, (size_t)ns);
646 	nsaplen = get_salen(nsap);
647 
648 	connreset = 0;
649  same_ns:
650 	truncating = 0;
651 
652 	/* Are we still talking to whom we want to talk to? */
653 	if (statp->_vcsock >= 0 && (statp->_flags & RES_F_VC) != 0) {
654 		struct sockaddr_storage peer;
655 		ISC_SOCKLEN_T size = sizeof peer;
656 
657 		if (getpeername(statp->_vcsock,
658 				(struct sockaddr *)(void *)&peer, &size) < 0 ||
659 		    !sock_eq((struct sockaddr *)(void *)&peer, nsap)) {
660 			res_nclose(statp);
661 			statp->_flags &= ~RES_F_VC;
662 		}
663 	}
664 
665 	if (statp->_vcsock < 0 || (statp->_flags & RES_F_VC) == 0) {
666 		if (statp->_vcsock >= 0)
667 			res_nclose(statp);
668 
669 		statp->_vcsock = socket(nsap->sa_family, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
670 		if (statp->_vcsock > highestFD) {
671 			res_nclose(statp);
672 			errno = ENOTSOCK;
673 		}
674 		if (statp->_vcsock < 0) {
675 			switch (errno) {
676 			case EPROTONOSUPPORT:
677 #ifdef EPFNOSUPPORT
678 			case EPFNOSUPPORT:
679 #endif
680 			case EAFNOSUPPORT:
681 				Perror(statp, stderr, "socket(vc)", errno);
682 				return (0);
683 			default:
684 				*terrno = errno;
685 				Perror(statp, stderr, "socket(vc)", errno);
686 				return (-1);
687 			}
688 		}
689 #ifdef SO_NOSIGPIPE
690 		/*
691 		 * Disable generation of SIGPIPE when writing to a closed
692 		 * socket.  Write should return -1 and set errno to EPIPE
693 		 * instead.
694 		 *
695 		 * Push on even if setsockopt(SO_NOSIGPIPE) fails.
696 		 */
697 		(void)setsockopt(statp->_vcsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_NOSIGPIPE, &on,
698 				 sizeof(on));
699 #endif
700 		errno = 0;
701 		if (connect(statp->_vcsock, nsap, (socklen_t)nsaplen) < 0) {
702 			*terrno = errno;
703 			Aerror(statp, stderr, "connect/vc", errno, nsap,
704 			    nsaplen);
705 			res_nclose(statp);
706 			return (0);
707 		}
708 		statp->_flags |= RES_F_VC;
709 	}
710 
711 	/*
712 	 * Send length & message
713 	 */
714 	ns_put16((u_short)buflen, (u_char*)(void *)&len);
715 	iov[0] = evConsIovec(&len, INT16SZ);
716 	DE_CONST(buf, tmp);
717 	iov[1] = evConsIovec(tmp, (size_t)buflen);
718 	if (writev(statp->_vcsock, iov, 2) != (INT16SZ + buflen)) {
719 		*terrno = errno;
720 		Perror(statp, stderr, "write failed", errno);
721 		res_nclose(statp);
722 		return (0);
723 	}
724 	/*
725 	 * Receive length & response
726 	 */
727  read_len:
728 	cp = ans;
729 	len = INT16SZ;
730 	while ((n = read(statp->_vcsock, (char *)cp, (size_t)len)) > 0) {
731 		cp += n;
732 		if ((len -= n) == 0)
733 			break;
734 	}
735 	if (n <= 0) {
736 		*terrno = errno;
737 		Perror(statp, stderr, "read failed", errno);
738 		res_nclose(statp);
739 		/*
740 		 * A long running process might get its TCP
741 		 * connection reset if the remote server was
742 		 * restarted.  Requery the server instead of
743 		 * trying a new one.  When there is only one
744 		 * server, this means that a query might work
745 		 * instead of failing.  We only allow one reset
746 		 * per query to prevent looping.
747 		 */
748 		if (*terrno == ECONNRESET && !connreset) {
749 			connreset = 1;
750 			res_nclose(statp);
751 			goto same_ns;
752 		}
753 		res_nclose(statp);
754 		return (0);
755 	}
756 	resplen = ns_get16(ans);
757 	if (resplen > anssiz) {
758 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
759 		       (stdout, ";; response truncated\n")
760 		       );
761 		truncating = 1;
762 		len = anssiz;
763 	} else
764 		len = resplen;
765 	if (len < HFIXEDSZ) {
766 		/*
767 		 * Undersized message.
768 		 */
769 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
770 		       (stdout, ";; undersized: %d\n", len));
771 		*terrno = EMSGSIZE;
772 		res_nclose(statp);
773 		return (0);
774 	}
775 	cp = ans;
776 	while (len != 0 && (n = read(statp->_vcsock, (char *)cp, (size_t)len)) > 0){
777 		cp += n;
778 		len -= n;
779 	}
780 	if (n <= 0) {
781 		*terrno = errno;
782 		Perror(statp, stderr, "read(vc)", errno);
783 		res_nclose(statp);
784 		return (0);
785 	}
786 	if (truncating) {
787 		/*
788 		 * Flush rest of answer so connection stays in synch.
789 		 */
790 		anhp->tc = 1;
791 		len = resplen - anssiz;
792 		while (len != 0) {
793 			char junk[PACKETSZ];
794 
795 			n = read(statp->_vcsock, junk,
796 				 (len > sizeof junk) ? sizeof junk : len);
797 			if (n > 0)
798 				len -= n;
799 			else
800 				break;
801 		}
802 	}
803 	/*
804 	 * If the calling applicating has bailed out of
805 	 * a previous call and failed to arrange to have
806 	 * the circuit closed or the server has got
807 	 * itself confused, then drop the packet and
808 	 * wait for the correct one.
809 	 */
810 	if (hp->id != anhp->id) {
811 		DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
812 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY),
813 			(stdout, ";; old answer (unexpected):\n"),
814 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz: resplen);
815 		goto read_len;
816 	}
817 
818 	/*
819 	 * All is well, or the error is fatal.  Signal that the
820 	 * next nameserver ought not be tried.
821 	 */
822 	return (resplen);
823 }
824 
825 static int
826 send_dg(res_state statp, const u_char *buf, int buflen, u_char *ans,
827 	int anssiz, int *terrno, int ns, int tries, int *v_circuit,
828 	int *gotsomewhere)
829 {
830 	const HEADER *hp = (const HEADER *)(const void *)buf;
831 	HEADER *anhp = (HEADER *)(void *)ans;
832 	const struct sockaddr *nsap;
833 	int nsaplen;
834 	struct timespec now, timeout, finish;
835 	struct sockaddr_storage from;
836 	ISC_SOCKLEN_T fromlen;
837 	int resplen, seconds, n, s;
838 #ifdef USE_POLL
839 	int     polltimeout;
840 	struct pollfd   pollfd;
841 #else
842 	fd_set dsmask;
843 #endif
844 
845 	nsap = get_nsaddr(statp, (size_t)ns);
846 	nsaplen = get_salen(nsap);
847 	if (EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] == -1) {
848 		EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] = socket(nsap->sa_family, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
849 		if (EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] > highestFD) {
850 			res_nclose(statp);
851 			errno = ENOTSOCK;
852 		}
853 		if (EXT(statp).nssocks[ns] < 0) {
854 			switch (errno) {
855 			case EPROTONOSUPPORT:
856 #ifdef EPFNOSUPPORT
857 			case EPFNOSUPPORT:
858 #endif
859 			case EAFNOSUPPORT:
860 				Perror(statp, stderr, "socket(dg)", errno);
861 				return (0);
862 			default:
863 				*terrno = errno;
864 				Perror(statp, stderr, "socket(dg)", errno);
865 				return (-1);
866 			}
867 		}
868 #ifndef CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM
869 		/*
870 		 * On a 4.3BSD+ machine (client and server,
871 		 * actually), sending to a nameserver datagram
872 		 * port with no nameserver will cause an
873 		 * ICMP port unreachable message to be returned.
874 		 * If our datagram socket is "connected" to the
875 		 * server, we get an ECONNREFUSED error on the next
876 		 * socket operation, and select returns if the
877 		 * error message is received.  We can thus detect
878 		 * the absence of a nameserver without timing out.
879 		 */
880 		if (connect(EXT(statp).nssocks[ns], nsap, (socklen_t)nsaplen) < 0) {
881 			Aerror(statp, stderr, "connect(dg)", errno, nsap,
882 			    nsaplen);
883 			res_nclose(statp);
884 			return (0);
885 		}
886 #endif /* !CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM */
887 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
888 		       (stdout, ";; new DG socket\n"))
889 	}
890 	s = EXT(statp).nssocks[ns];
891 #ifndef CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM
892 	if (send(s, (const char*)buf, (size_t)buflen, 0) != buflen) {
893 		Perror(statp, stderr, "send", errno);
894 		res_nclose(statp);
895 		return (0);
896 	}
897 #else /* !CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM */
898 	if (sendto(s, (const char*)buf, buflen, 0, nsap, nsaplen) != buflen)
899 	{
900 		Aerror(statp, stderr, "sendto", errno, nsap, nsaplen);
901 		res_nclose(statp);
902 		return (0);
903 	}
904 #endif /* !CANNOT_CONNECT_DGRAM */
905 
906 	/*
907 	 * Wait for reply.
908 	 */
909 	seconds = (statp->retrans << tries);
910 	if (ns > 0)
911 		seconds /= statp->nscount;
912 	if (seconds <= 0)
913 		seconds = 1;
914 	now = evNowTime();
915 	timeout = evConsTime((long)seconds, 0L);
916 	finish = evAddTime(now, timeout);
917 	goto nonow;
918  wait:
919 	now = evNowTime();
920  nonow:
921 #ifndef USE_POLL
922 	FD_ZERO(&dsmask);
923 	FD_SET(s, &dsmask);
924 	if (evCmpTime(finish, now) > 0)
925 		timeout = evSubTime(finish, now);
926 	else
927 		timeout = evConsTime(0L, 0L);
928 	n = pselect(s + 1, &dsmask, NULL, NULL, &timeout, NULL);
929 #else
930 	timeout = evSubTime(finish, now);
931 	if (timeout.tv_sec < 0)
932 		timeout = evConsTime(0L, 0L);
933 	polltimeout = 1000*(int)timeout.tv_sec +
934 		(int)timeout.tv_nsec/1000000;
935 	pollfd.fd = s;
936 	pollfd.events = POLLRDNORM;
937 	n = poll(&pollfd, 1, polltimeout);
938 #endif /* USE_POLL */
939 
940 	if (n == 0) {
941 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG, (stdout, ";; timeout\n"));
942 		*gotsomewhere = 1;
943 		return (0);
944 	}
945 	if (n < 0) {
946 		if (errno == EINTR)
947 			goto wait;
948 #ifndef USE_POLL
949 		Perror(statp, stderr, "select", errno);
950 #else
951 		Perror(statp, stderr, "poll", errno);
952 #endif /* USE_POLL */
953 		res_nclose(statp);
954 		return (0);
955 	}
956 	errno = 0;
957 	fromlen = sizeof(from);
958 	resplen = recvfrom(s, (char*)ans, (size_t)anssiz,0,
959 			   (struct sockaddr *)(void *)&from, &fromlen);
960 	if (resplen <= 0) {
961 		Perror(statp, stderr, "recvfrom", errno);
962 		res_nclose(statp);
963 		return (0);
964 	}
965 	*gotsomewhere = 1;
966 	if (resplen < HFIXEDSZ) {
967 		/*
968 		 * Undersized message.
969 		 */
970 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
971 		       (stdout, ";; undersized: %d\n",
972 			resplen));
973 		*terrno = EMSGSIZE;
974 		res_nclose(statp);
975 		return (0);
976 	}
977 	if (hp->id != anhp->id) {
978 		/*
979 		 * response from old query, ignore it.
980 		 * XXX - potential security hazard could
981 		 *	 be detected here.
982 		 */
983 		DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
984 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY),
985 			(stdout, ";; old answer:\n"),
986 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
987 		goto wait;
988 	}
989 	if (!(statp->options & RES_INSECURE1) &&
990 	    !res_ourserver_p(statp, (struct sockaddr *)(void *)&from)) {
991 		/*
992 		 * response from wrong server? ignore it.
993 		 * XXX - potential security hazard could
994 		 *	 be detected here.
995 		 */
996 		DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
997 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY),
998 			(stdout, ";; not our server:\n"),
999 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
1000 		goto wait;
1001 	}
1002 #ifdef RES_USE_EDNS0
1003 	if (anhp->rcode == FORMERR && (statp->options & RES_USE_EDNS0) != 0U) {
1004 		/*
1005 		 * Do not retry if the server do not understand EDNS0.
1006 		 * The case has to be captured here, as FORMERR packet do not
1007 		 * carry query section, hence res_queriesmatch() returns 0.
1008 		 */
1009 		DprintQ(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
1010 			(stdout, "server rejected query with EDNS0:\n"),
1011 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
1012 		/* record the error */
1013 		statp->_flags |= RES_F_EDNS0ERR;
1014 		res_nclose(statp);
1015 		return (0);
1016 	}
1017 #endif
1018 	if (!(statp->options & RES_INSECURE2) &&
1019 	    !res_queriesmatch(buf, buf + buflen,
1020 			      ans, ans + anssiz)) {
1021 		/*
1022 		 * response contains wrong query? ignore it.
1023 		 * XXX - potential security hazard could
1024 		 *	 be detected here.
1025 		 */
1026 		DprintQ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) ||
1027 			(statp->pfcode & RES_PRF_REPLY),
1028 			(stdout, ";; wrong query name:\n"),
1029 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
1030 		goto wait;
1031 	}
1032 	if (anhp->rcode == SERVFAIL ||
1033 	    anhp->rcode == NOTIMP ||
1034 	    anhp->rcode == REFUSED) {
1035 		DprintQ(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
1036 			(stdout, "server rejected query:\n"),
1037 			ans, (resplen > anssiz) ? anssiz : resplen);
1038 		res_nclose(statp);
1039 		/* don't retry if called from dig */
1040 		if (!statp->pfcode)
1041 			return (0);
1042 	}
1043 	if (!(statp->options & RES_IGNTC) && anhp->tc) {
1044 		/*
1045 		 * To get the rest of answer,
1046 		 * use TCP with same server.
1047 		 */
1048 		Dprint(statp->options & RES_DEBUG,
1049 		       (stdout, ";; truncated answer\n"));
1050 		*v_circuit = 1;
1051 		res_nclose(statp);
1052 		return (1);
1053 	}
1054 	/*
1055 	 * All is well, or the error is fatal.  Signal that the
1056 	 * next nameserver ought not be tried.
1057 	 */
1058 	return (resplen);
1059 }
1060 
1061 static void
1062 Aerror(const res_state statp, FILE *file, const char *string, int error,
1063        const struct sockaddr *address, int alen)
1064 {
1065 	int save = errno;
1066 	char hbuf[NI_MAXHOST];
1067 	char sbuf[NI_MAXSERV];
1068 
1069 	alen = alen;
1070 
1071 	if ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) != 0U) {
1072 		if (getnameinfo(address, (socklen_t)alen, hbuf, sizeof(hbuf),
1073 		    sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), niflags)) {
1074 			strncpy(hbuf, "?", sizeof(hbuf) - 1);
1075 			hbuf[sizeof(hbuf) - 1] = '\0';
1076 			strncpy(sbuf, "?", sizeof(sbuf) - 1);
1077 			sbuf[sizeof(sbuf) - 1] = '\0';
1078 		}
1079 		fprintf(file, "res_send: %s ([%s].%s): %s\n",
1080 			string, hbuf, sbuf, strerror(error));
1081 	}
1082 	errno = save;
1083 }
1084 
1085 static void
1086 Perror(const res_state statp, FILE *file, const char *string, int error) {
1087 	int save = errno;
1088 
1089 	if ((statp->options & RES_DEBUG) != 0U)
1090 		fprintf(file, "res_send: %s: %s\n",
1091 			string, strerror(error));
1092 	errno = save;
1093 }
1094 
1095 static int
1096 sock_eq(struct sockaddr *a, struct sockaddr *b) {
1097 	struct sockaddr_in *a4, *b4;
1098 	struct sockaddr_in6 *a6, *b6;
1099 
1100 	if (a->sa_family != b->sa_family)
1101 		return 0;
1102 	switch (a->sa_family) {
1103 	case AF_INET:
1104 		a4 = (struct sockaddr_in *)(void *)a;
1105 		b4 = (struct sockaddr_in *)(void *)b;
1106 		return a4->sin_port == b4->sin_port &&
1107 		    a4->sin_addr.s_addr == b4->sin_addr.s_addr;
1108 	case AF_INET6:
1109 		a6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)(void *)a;
1110 		b6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)(void *)b;
1111 		return a6->sin6_port == b6->sin6_port &&
1112 #ifdef HAVE_SIN6_SCOPE_ID
1113 		    a6->sin6_scope_id == b6->sin6_scope_id &&
1114 #endif
1115 		    IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&a6->sin6_addr, &b6->sin6_addr);
1116 	default:
1117 		return 0;
1118 	}
1119 }
1120 
1121 #if defined(NEED_PSELECT) && !defined(USE_POLL)
1122 /* XXX needs to move to the porting library. */
1123 static int
1124 pselect(int nfds, void *rfds, void *wfds, void *efds,
1125 	struct timespec *tsp, const sigset_t *sigmask)
1126 {
1127 	struct timeval tv, *tvp;
1128 	sigset_t sigs;
1129 	int n;
1130 
1131 	if (tsp) {
1132 		tvp = &tv;
1133 		tv = evTimeVal(*tsp);
1134 	} else
1135 		tvp = NULL;
1136 	if (sigmask)
1137 		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, sigmask, &sigs);
1138 	n = select(nfds, rfds, wfds, efds, tvp);
1139 	if (sigmask)
1140 		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &sigs, NULL);
1141 	if (tsp)
1142 		*tsp = evTimeSpec(tv);
1143 	return (n);
1144 }
1145 #endif
1146