1.\" $NetBSD: byteorder.3,v 1.3 1995/02/25 06:20:27 cgd Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993 4.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 15.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 16.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 17.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 18.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 19.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 20.\" without specific prior written permission. 21.\" 22.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 23.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 24.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 25.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 26.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 27.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 28.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 29.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 30.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 31.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 32.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 33.\" 34.\" @(#)byteorder.3 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93 35.\" 36.Dd June 4, 1993 37.Dt BYTEORDER 3 38.Os BSD 4.2 39.Sh NAME 40.Nm htonl , 41.Nm htons , 42.Nm ntohl , 43.Nm ntohs 44.Nd convert values between host and network byte order 45.Sh SYNOPSIS 46.Fd #include <sys/param.h> 47.Ft u_long 48.Fn htonl "u_long hostlong" 49.Ft u_short 50.Fn htons "u_short hostshort" 51.Ft u_long 52.Fn ntohl "u_long netlong" 53.Ft u_short 54.Fn ntohs "u_short netshort" 55.Sh DESCRIPTION 56These routines convert 16 and 32 bit quantities between network 57byte order and host byte order. 58On machines which have a byte order which is the same as the network 59order, routines are defined as null macros. 60.Pp 61These routines are most often used in conjunction with Internet 62addresses and ports as returned by 63.Xr gethostbyname 3 64and 65.Xr getservent 3 . 66.Sh SEE ALSO 67.Xr gethostbyname 3 , 68.Xr getservent 3 69.Sh HISTORY 70The 71.Nm byteorder 72functions appeared in 73.Bx 4.2 . 74.Sh BUGS 75On the 76.Tn VAX 77bytes are handled backwards from most everyone else in 78the world. This is not expected to be fixed in the near future. 79