xref: /netbsd-src/lib/libc/gmon/gmon.c (revision 53b02e147d4ed531c0d2a5ca9b3e8026ba3e99b5)
1 /*	$NetBSD: gmon.c,v 1.36 2021/07/03 14:08:55 christos Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004 Wasabi Systems, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Written by Nathan J. Williams for Wasabi Systems, Inc.
8  *
9  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11  * are met:
12  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
18  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
19  *	This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by
20  *	Wasabi Systems, Inc.
21  * 4. The name of Wasabi Systems, Inc. may not be used to endorse
22  *    or promote products derived from this software without specific prior
23  *    written permission.
24  *
25  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY WASABI SYSTEMS, INC. ``AS IS'' AND
26  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
27  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
28  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WASABI SYSTEMS, INC
29  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
30  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
31  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
32  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
33  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
34  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
35  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
36  */
37 
38 /*-
39  * Copyright (c) 1983, 1992, 1993
40  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
41  *
42  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
43  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
44  * are met:
45  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
46  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
47  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
48  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
49  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
50  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
51  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
52  *    without specific prior written permission.
53  *
54  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
55  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
56  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
57  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
58  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
59  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
60  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
61  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
62  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
63  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
64  * SUCH DAMAGE.
65  */
66 
67 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
68 #if !defined(lint) && defined(LIBC_SCCS)
69 #if 0
70 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)gmon.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93";
71 #else
72 __RCSID("$NetBSD: gmon.c,v 1.36 2021/07/03 14:08:55 christos Exp $");
73 #endif
74 #endif
75 
76 #include "namespace.h"
77 #include <sys/param.h>
78 #include <sys/time.h>
79 #include <sys/gmon.h>
80 #include <sys/mman.h>
81 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
82 
83 #include <stdio.h>
84 #include <stdlib.h>
85 #include <string.h>
86 #include <fcntl.h>
87 #include <limits.h>
88 #include <unistd.h>
89 #include <err.h>
90 #include "extern.h"
91 #include "reentrant.h"
92 
93 struct gmonparam _gmonparam = { .state = GMON_PROF_OFF };
94 
95 #ifdef _REENTRANT
96 struct gmonparam *_gmonfree;
97 struct gmonparam *_gmoninuse;
98 mutex_t _gmonlock = MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
99 thread_key_t _gmonkey;
100 struct gmonparam _gmondummy;
101 #endif
102 
103 static u_int	s_scale;
104 /* see profil(2) where this is describe (incorrectly) */
105 #define		SCALE_1_TO_1	0x10000L
106 
107 void	moncontrol(int);
108 void	monstartup(u_long, u_long);
109 void	_mcleanup(void);
110 static int hertz(void);
111 
112 #ifdef _REENTRANT
113 static void _m_gmon_destructor(void *);
114 struct gmonparam *_m_gmon_alloc(void)
115     __attribute__((__no_instrument_function__));
116 static void _m_gmon_merge(void);
117 static void _m_gmon_merge_two(struct gmonparam *, struct gmonparam *);
118 #endif
119 
120 void
121 monstartup(u_long lowpc, u_long highpc)
122 {
123 	u_long o;
124 	char *cp;
125 	struct gmonparam *p = &_gmonparam;
126 
127 	/*
128 	 * round lowpc and highpc to multiples of the density we're using
129 	 * so the rest of the scaling (here and in gprof) stays in ints.
130 	 */
131 	p->lowpc = rounddown(lowpc, HISTFRACTION * sizeof(HISTCOUNTER));
132 	p->highpc = roundup(highpc, HISTFRACTION * sizeof(HISTCOUNTER));
133 	p->textsize = p->highpc - p->lowpc;
134 	p->kcountsize = p->textsize / HISTFRACTION;
135 	p->hashfraction = HASHFRACTION;
136 	p->fromssize = p->textsize / p->hashfraction;
137 	p->tolimit = p->textsize * ARCDENSITY / 100;
138 	if (p->tolimit < MINARCS)
139 		p->tolimit = MINARCS;
140 	else if (p->tolimit > MAXARCS)
141 		p->tolimit = MAXARCS;
142 	p->tossize = p->tolimit * sizeof(struct tostruct);
143 
144 	cp = sbrk((intptr_t)(p->kcountsize + p->fromssize + p->tossize));
145 	if (cp == (char *)-1) {
146 		warnx("%s: out of memory", __func__);
147 		return;
148 	}
149 #ifdef notdef
150 	(void)memset(cp, 0, p->kcountsize + p->fromssize + p->tossize);
151 #endif
152 	p->tos = (struct tostruct *)(void *)cp;
153 	cp += (size_t)p->tossize;
154 	p->kcount = (u_short *)(void *)cp;
155 	cp += (size_t)p->kcountsize;
156 	p->froms = (u_short *)(void *)cp;
157 
158 	__minbrk = sbrk((intptr_t)0);
159 	p->tos[0].link = 0;
160 
161 	o = p->highpc - p->lowpc;
162 	if (p->kcountsize < o) {
163 #ifndef notdef
164 		s_scale = ((float)p->kcountsize / o ) * SCALE_1_TO_1;
165 #else /* avoid floating point */
166 		u_long quot = o / p->kcountsize;
167 
168 		if (quot >= 0x10000)
169 			s_scale = 1;
170 		else if (quot >= 0x100)
171 			s_scale = 0x10000 / quot;
172 		else if (o >= 0x800000)
173 			s_scale = 0x1000000 / (o / (p->kcountsize >> 8));
174 		else
175 			s_scale = 0x1000000 / ((o << 8) / p->kcountsize);
176 #endif
177 	} else
178 		s_scale = SCALE_1_TO_1;
179 
180 #ifdef _REENTRANT
181 	_gmondummy.state = GMON_PROF_BUSY;
182 	thr_keycreate(&_gmonkey, _m_gmon_destructor);
183 #endif
184 	moncontrol(1);
185 }
186 
187 #ifdef _REENTRANT
188 static void
189 _m_gmon_destructor(void *arg)
190 {
191 	struct gmonparam *p = arg, *q, **prev;
192 
193 	if (p == &_gmondummy)
194 		return;
195 
196 	thr_setspecific(_gmonkey, &_gmondummy);
197 
198 	mutex_lock(&_gmonlock);
199 	/* XXX eww, linear list traversal. */
200 	for (q = _gmoninuse, prev = &_gmoninuse;
201 	     q != NULL;
202 	     prev = (struct gmonparam **)(void *)&q->kcount,	/* XXX */
203 		 q = (struct gmonparam *)(void *)q->kcount) {
204 		if (q == p)
205 			*prev = (struct gmonparam *)(void *)q->kcount;
206 	}
207 	p->kcount = (u_short *)(void *)_gmonfree;
208 	_gmonfree = p;
209 	mutex_unlock(&_gmonlock);
210 
211 	thr_setspecific(_gmonkey, NULL);
212 }
213 
214 struct gmonparam *
215 _m_gmon_alloc(void)
216 {
217 	struct gmonparam *p;
218 	char *cp;
219 
220 	mutex_lock(&_gmonlock);
221 	if (_gmonfree != NULL) {
222 		p = _gmonfree;
223 		_gmonfree = (struct gmonparam *)(void *)p->kcount;
224 		p->kcount = (u_short *)(void *)_gmoninuse;
225 		_gmoninuse = p;
226 	} else {
227 		mutex_unlock(&_gmonlock);
228 		cp = mmap(NULL,
229 		    (size_t)(sizeof (struct gmonparam) +
230 			_gmonparam.fromssize + _gmonparam.tossize),
231 		    PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_ANON|MAP_PRIVATE, -1, (off_t)0);
232 		p = (void *)cp;
233 		*p = _gmonparam;
234 		p->state = GMON_PROF_ON;
235 		p->kcount = NULL;
236 		cp += sizeof (struct gmonparam);
237 		memset(cp, 0, (size_t)(p->fromssize + p->tossize));
238 		p->froms = (u_short *)(void *)cp;
239 		p->tos = (struct tostruct *)(void *)(cp + p->fromssize);
240 		mutex_lock(&_gmonlock);
241 		p->kcount = (u_short *)(void *)_gmoninuse;
242 		_gmoninuse = p;
243 	}
244 	mutex_unlock(&_gmonlock);
245 	thr_setspecific(_gmonkey, p);
246 
247 	return p;
248 }
249 
250 static void
251 _m_gmon_merge_two(struct gmonparam *p, struct gmonparam *q)
252 {
253 	u_long fromindex;
254 	u_short *frompcindex, qtoindex, toindex;
255 	u_long selfpc;
256 	u_long endfrom;
257 	long count;
258 	struct tostruct *top;
259 
260 	endfrom = (q->fromssize / sizeof(*q->froms));
261 	for (fromindex = 0; fromindex < endfrom; fromindex++) {
262 		if (q->froms[fromindex] == 0)
263 			continue;
264 		for (qtoindex = q->froms[fromindex]; qtoindex != 0;
265 		     qtoindex = q->tos[qtoindex].link) {
266 			selfpc = q->tos[qtoindex].selfpc;
267 			count = q->tos[qtoindex].count;
268 			/* cribbed from mcount */
269 			frompcindex = &p->froms[fromindex];
270 			toindex = *frompcindex;
271 			if (toindex == 0) {
272 				/*
273 				 *	first time traversing this arc
274 				 */
275 				toindex = ++p->tos[0].link;
276 				if (toindex >= p->tolimit)
277 					/* halt further profiling */
278 					goto overflow;
279 
280 				*frompcindex = (u_short)toindex;
281 				top = &p->tos[(size_t)toindex];
282 				top->selfpc = selfpc;
283 				top->count = count;
284 				top->link = 0;
285 				goto done;
286 			}
287 			top = &p->tos[(size_t)toindex];
288 			if (top->selfpc == selfpc) {
289 				/*
290 				 * arc at front of chain; usual case.
291 				 */
292 				top->count+= count;
293 				goto done;
294 			}
295 			/*
296 			 * have to go looking down chain for it.
297 			 * top points to what we are looking at,
298 			 * we know it is not at the head of the chain.
299 			 */
300 			for (; /* goto done */; ) {
301 				if (top->link == 0) {
302 					/*
303 					 * top is end of the chain and
304 					 * none of the chain had
305 					 * top->selfpc == selfpc.  so
306 					 * we allocate a new tostruct
307 					 * and link it to the head of
308 					 * the chain.
309 					 */
310 					toindex = ++p->tos[0].link;
311 					if (toindex >= p->tolimit)
312 						goto overflow;
313 
314 					top = &p->tos[(size_t)toindex];
315 					top->selfpc = selfpc;
316 					top->count = count;
317 					top->link = *frompcindex;
318 					*frompcindex = (u_short)toindex;
319 					goto done;
320 				}
321 				/*
322 				 * otherwise, check the next arc on the chain.
323 				 */
324 				top = &p->tos[top->link];
325 				if (top->selfpc == selfpc) {
326 					/*
327 					 * there it is.
328 					 * add to its count.
329 					 */
330 					top->count += count;
331 					goto done;
332 				}
333 
334 			}
335 
336 		done: ;
337 		}
338 
339 	}
340  overflow: ;
341 
342 }
343 
344 static void
345 _m_gmon_merge(void)
346 {
347 	struct gmonparam *q;
348 
349 	mutex_lock(&_gmonlock);
350 
351 	for (q = _gmonfree; q != NULL;
352 	    q = (struct gmonparam *)(void *)q->kcount)
353 		_m_gmon_merge_two(&_gmonparam, q);
354 
355 	for (q = _gmoninuse; q != NULL;
356 	    q = (struct gmonparam *)(void *)q->kcount) {
357 		q->state = GMON_PROF_OFF;
358 		_m_gmon_merge_two(&_gmonparam, q);
359 	}
360 
361 	mutex_unlock(&_gmonlock);
362 }
363 #endif
364 
365 void
366 _mcleanup(void)
367 {
368 	int fd;
369 	int fromindex;
370 	int endfrom;
371 	u_long frompc;
372 	int toindex;
373 	struct rawarc rawarc;
374 	struct gmonparam *p = &_gmonparam;
375 	struct gmonhdr gmonhdr, *hdr;
376 	struct clockinfo clockinfo;
377 	int mib[2];
378 	size_t size;
379 	char *profdir;
380 	const char *proffile;
381 	char  buf[PATH_MAX];
382 #ifdef DEBUG
383 	int logfd, len;
384 	char buf2[200];
385 #endif
386 
387 	/*
388 	 * We disallow writing to the profiling file, if we are a
389 	 * set{u,g}id program and our effective {u,g}id does not match
390 	 * our real one.
391 	 */
392 	if (issetugid() && (geteuid() != getuid() || getegid() != getgid())) {
393 		warnx("%s: Profiling of set{u,g}id binaries is not"
394 		    " allowed", __func__);
395 		return;
396 	}
397 
398 	if (p->state == GMON_PROF_ERROR)
399 		warnx("%s: tos overflow", __func__);
400 
401 	size = sizeof(clockinfo);
402 	mib[0] = CTL_KERN;
403 	mib[1] = KERN_CLOCKRATE;
404 	if (sysctl(mib, 2, &clockinfo, &size, NULL, 0) < 0) {
405 		/*
406 		 * Best guess
407 		 */
408 		clockinfo.profhz = hertz();
409 	} else if (clockinfo.profhz == 0) {
410 		if (clockinfo.hz != 0)
411 			clockinfo.profhz = clockinfo.hz;
412 		else
413 			clockinfo.profhz = hertz();
414 	}
415 
416 	moncontrol(0);
417 
418 	if ((profdir = getenv("PROFDIR")) != NULL) {
419 		/* If PROFDIR contains a null value, no profiling
420 		   output is produced */
421 		if (*profdir == '\0')
422 			return;
423 
424 		if (snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s/%d.%s",
425 		    profdir, getpid(), getprogname()) >= (int)(sizeof buf)) {
426 			warnx("%s: internal buffer overflow, PROFDIR too long",
427 			    __func__);
428 			return;
429 		}
430 
431 		proffile = buf;
432 	} else {
433 		proffile = "gmon.out";
434 	}
435 
436 #define OPEN_FLAGS (O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_WRONLY | O_CLOEXEC)
437 	fd = open(proffile, OPEN_FLAGS, 0666);
438 	if (fd < 0) {
439 		warn("%s: Cannot open `%s'", __func__, proffile);
440 		return;
441 	}
442 #ifdef DEBUG
443 	logfd = open("gmon.log", OPEN_FLAGS, 0664);
444 	if (logfd < 0) {
445 		warn("%s: Cannot open `%s'", __func__, "gmon.log");
446 		(void)close(fd);
447 		return;
448 	}
449 	len = snprintf(buf2, sizeof buf2, "[mcleanup1] kcount %p ssiz %lu\n",
450 	    p->kcount, p->kcountsize);
451 	(void)write(logfd, buf2, (size_t)len);
452 #endif
453 #ifdef _REENTRANT
454 	_m_gmon_merge();
455 #endif
456 	hdr = (struct gmonhdr *)&gmonhdr;
457 	hdr->lpc = p->lowpc;
458 	hdr->hpc = p->highpc;
459 	hdr->ncnt = (int)(p->kcountsize + sizeof(gmonhdr));
460 	hdr->version = GMONVERSION;
461 	hdr->profrate = clockinfo.profhz;
462 	(void)write(fd, hdr, sizeof *hdr);
463 	(void)write(fd, p->kcount, (size_t)p->kcountsize);
464 	endfrom = (int)(p->fromssize / sizeof(*p->froms));
465 	for (fromindex = 0; fromindex < endfrom; fromindex++) {
466 		if (p->froms[fromindex] == 0)
467 			continue;
468 
469 		frompc = p->lowpc;
470 		frompc += fromindex * p->hashfraction * sizeof(*p->froms);
471 		for (toindex = p->froms[fromindex]; toindex != 0;
472 		     toindex = p->tos[toindex].link) {
473 #ifdef DEBUG
474 			len = snprintf(buf2, sizeof buf2,
475 			"[mcleanup2] frompc 0x%lx selfpc 0x%lx count %lu\n" ,
476 				(u_long)frompc, (u_long)p->tos[toindex].selfpc,
477 				(u_long)p->tos[toindex].count);
478 			(void)write(logfd, buf2, (size_t)len);
479 #endif
480 			rawarc.raw_frompc = frompc;
481 			rawarc.raw_selfpc = p->tos[toindex].selfpc;
482 			rawarc.raw_count = p->tos[toindex].count;
483 			(void)write(fd, &rawarc, sizeof rawarc);
484 		}
485 	}
486 	(void)close(fd);
487 #ifdef DEBUG
488 	(void)close(logfd);
489 #endif
490 }
491 
492 /*
493  * Control profiling
494  *	profiling is what mcount checks to see if
495  *	all the data structures are ready.
496  */
497 void
498 moncontrol(int mode)
499 {
500 	struct gmonparam *p = &_gmonparam;
501 
502 	if (mode) {
503 		/* start */
504 		profil((char *)(void *)p->kcount, (size_t)p->kcountsize,
505 		    p->lowpc, s_scale);
506 		p->state = GMON_PROF_ON;
507 	} else {
508 		/* stop */
509 		profil(NULL, 0, (u_long)0, 0);
510 		p->state = GMON_PROF_OFF;
511 	}
512 }
513 
514 /*
515  * discover the tick frequency of the machine
516  * if something goes wrong, we return 0, an impossible hertz.
517  */
518 static int
519 hertz(void)
520 {
521         struct itimerspec tim;
522 	timer_t t;
523 	int rv = 0;
524 
525         tim.it_interval.tv_sec = 0;
526         tim.it_interval.tv_nsec = 1;
527         tim.it_value.tv_sec = 0;
528         tim.it_value.tv_nsec = 0;
529 
530 	if (timer_create(CLOCK_REALTIME, NULL, &t) == -1)
531 		return 0;
532 
533 	if (timer_settime(t, 0, &tim, NULL) == -1)
534 		goto out;
535 
536 	if (timer_gettime(t, &tim) == -1)
537 		goto out;
538 
539         if (tim.it_interval.tv_nsec < 2)
540 		goto out;
541 
542 	rv = (int)(1000000000LL / tim.it_interval.tv_nsec);
543 out:
544 	(void)timer_delete(t);
545 	return rv;
546 }
547