xref: /netbsd-src/lib/libc/gen/pthread_atfork.c (revision df0caa2637da0538ecdf6b878c4d08e684b43d8f)
1 /*	$NetBSD: pthread_atfork.c,v 1.4 2005/06/01 05:30:54 lukem Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 2002 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Nathan J. Williams.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
19  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
20  *        This product includes software developed by the NetBSD
21  *        Foundation, Inc. and its contributors.
22  * 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its
23  *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
24  *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
25  *
26  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
27  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
28  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
29  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
30  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
31  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
32  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
33  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
34  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
35  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
36  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
37  */
38 
39 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
40 #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint)
41 __RCSID("$NetBSD: pthread_atfork.c,v 1.4 2005/06/01 05:30:54 lukem Exp $");
42 #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */
43 
44 #define __LIBC12_SOURCE__
45 
46 #include "namespace.h"
47 
48 #include <errno.h>
49 #include <stdlib.h>
50 #include <unistd.h>
51 #include <sys/queue.h>
52 #include "reentrant.h"
53 
54 #ifdef __weak_alias
55 __weak_alias(pthread_atfork, _pthread_atfork)
56 __weak_alias(fork, _fork)
57 #endif /* __weak_alias */
58 
59 pid_t	__fork __P((void));	/* XXX */
60 
61 struct atfork_callback {
62 	SIMPLEQ_ENTRY(atfork_callback) next;
63 	void (*fn)(void);
64 };
65 
66 /*
67  * Hypothetically, we could protect the queues with a rwlock which is
68  * write-locked by pthread_atfork() and read-locked by fork(), but
69  * since the intended use of the functions is obtaining locks to hold
70  * across the fork, forking is going to be serialized anyway.
71  */
72 static mutex_t atfork_lock = MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
73 SIMPLEQ_HEAD(atfork_callback_q, atfork_callback);
74 
75 static struct atfork_callback_q prepareq = SIMPLEQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(prepareq);
76 static struct atfork_callback_q parentq = SIMPLEQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(parentq);
77 static struct atfork_callback_q childq = SIMPLEQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(childq);
78 
79 int
80 pthread_atfork(void (*prepare)(void), void (*parent)(void),
81     void (*child)(void))
82 {
83 	struct atfork_callback *newprepare, *newparent, *newchild;
84 
85 	newprepare = newparent = newchild = NULL;
86 
87 	if (prepare != NULL) {
88 		newprepare = malloc(sizeof(struct atfork_callback));
89 		if (newprepare == NULL)
90 			return ENOMEM;
91 		newprepare->fn = prepare;
92 	}
93 
94 	if (parent != NULL) {
95 		newparent = malloc(sizeof(struct atfork_callback));
96 		if (newparent == NULL) {
97 			if (newprepare != NULL)
98 				free(newprepare);
99 			return ENOMEM;
100 		}
101 		newparent->fn = parent;
102 	}
103 
104 	if (child != NULL) {
105 		newchild = malloc(sizeof(struct atfork_callback));
106 		if (newchild == NULL) {
107 			if (newprepare != NULL)
108 				free(newprepare);
109 			if (newparent != NULL)
110 				free(newparent);
111 			return ENOMEM;
112 		}
113 		newchild->fn = child;
114 	}
115 
116 	mutex_lock(&atfork_lock);
117 	/*
118 	 * The order in which the functions are called is specified as
119 	 * LIFO for the prepare handler and FIFO for the others; insert
120 	 * at the head and tail as appropriate so that SIMPLEQ_FOREACH()
121 	 * produces the right order.
122 	 */
123 	if (prepare)
124 		SIMPLEQ_INSERT_HEAD(&prepareq, newprepare, next);
125 	if (parent)
126 		SIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&parentq, newparent, next);
127 	if (child)
128 		SIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&childq, newchild, next);
129 	mutex_unlock(&atfork_lock);
130 
131 	return 0;
132 }
133 
134 pid_t
135 fork(void)
136 {
137 	struct atfork_callback *iter;
138 	pid_t ret;
139 
140 	mutex_lock(&atfork_lock);
141 	SIMPLEQ_FOREACH(iter, &prepareq, next)
142 	    (*iter->fn)();
143 
144 	ret = __fork();
145 
146 	if (ret != 0) {
147 		/*
148 		 * We are the parent. It doesn't matter here whether
149 		 * the fork call succeeded or failed.
150 		 */
151 		SIMPLEQ_FOREACH(iter, &parentq, next)
152 		    (*iter->fn)();
153 		mutex_unlock(&atfork_lock);
154 	} else {
155 		/* We are the child */
156 		SIMPLEQ_FOREACH(iter, &childq, next)
157 		    (*iter->fn)();
158 		/*
159 		 * Note: We are explicitly *not* unlocking
160 		 * atfork_lock.  Unlocking atfork_lock is problematic,
161 		 * because if any threads in the parent blocked on it
162 		 * between the initial lock and the fork() syscall,
163 		 * unlocking in the child will try to schedule
164 		 * threads, and either the internal mutex interlock or
165 		 * the runqueue spinlock could have been held at the
166 		 * moment of fork(). Since the other threads do not
167 		 * exist in this process, the spinlock will never be
168 		 * unlocked, and we would wedge.
169 		 * Instead, we reinitialize atfork_lock, since we know
170 		 * that the state of the atfork lists is consistent here,
171 		 * and that there are no other threads to be affected by
172 		 * the forcible cleaning of the queue.
173 		 * This permits double-forking to work, although
174 		 * it requires knowing that it's "safe" to initialize
175 		 * a locked mutex in this context.
176 		 *
177 		 * The problem exists for users of this interface,
178 		 * too, since the intented use of pthread_atfork() is
179 		 * to acquire locks across the fork call to ensure
180 		 * that the child sees consistent state. There's not
181 		 * much that can usefully be done in a child handler,
182 		 * and conventional wisdom discourages using them, but
183 		 * they're part of the interface, so here we are...
184 		 */
185 		mutex_init(&atfork_lock, NULL);
186 	}
187 
188 	return ret;
189 }
190