xref: /netbsd-src/lib/libc/db/hash/hash.h (revision cda4f8f6ee55684e8d311b86c99ea59191e6b74f)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Margo Seltzer.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
17  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
18  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
19  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
20  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
21  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
22  *    without specific prior written permission.
23  *
24  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
25  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
26  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
27  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
28  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
29  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
30  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
31  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
32  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
33  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
34  * SUCH DAMAGE.
35  *
36  *	@(#)hash.h	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
37  */
38 
39 /* Operations */
40 typedef enum {
41 	HASH_GET, HASH_PUT, HASH_PUTNEW, HASH_DELETE, HASH_FIRST, HASH_NEXT
42 } ACTION;
43 
44 /* Buffer Management structures */
45 typedef struct _bufhead BUFHEAD;
46 
47 struct _bufhead {
48 	BUFHEAD	*prev;		/* LRU links */
49 	BUFHEAD	*next;		/* LRU links */
50 	BUFHEAD	*ovfl;		/* Overflow page buffer header */
51 	u_int	 addr;		/* Address of this page */
52 	char	*page;		/* Actual page data */
53 	char	 flags;
54 #define	BUF_MOD		0x0001
55 #define BUF_DISK	0x0002
56 #define	BUF_BUCKET	0x0004
57 #define	BUF_PIN		0x0008
58 };
59 
60 #define IS_BUCKET(X)	((X) & BUF_BUCKET)
61 
62 typedef BUFHEAD **SEGMENT;
63 
64 /* Hash Table Information */
65 typedef struct hashhdr {	/* Disk resident portion */
66 	int	magic;		/* Magic NO for hash tables */
67 	int	version;	/* Version ID */
68 	long	lorder;		/* Byte Order */
69 	int	bsize;		/* Bucket/Page Size */
70 	int	bshift;		/* Bucket shift */
71 	int	dsize;		/* Directory Size */
72 	int	ssize;		/* Segment Size */
73 	int	sshift;		/* Segment shift */
74 	int	ovfl_point;	/* Where overflow pages are being allocated */
75 	int	last_freed;	/* Last overflow page freed */
76 	int	max_bucket;	/* ID of Maximum bucket in use */
77 	int	high_mask;	/* Mask to modulo into entire table */
78 	int	low_mask;	/* Mask to modulo into lower half of table */
79 	int	ffactor;	/* Fill factor */
80 	int	nkeys;		/* Number of keys in hash table */
81 	int	hdrpages;	/* Size of table header */
82 	int	h_charkey;	/* value of hash(CHARKEY) */
83 #define NCACHED	32		/* number of bit maps and spare points */
84 	int	spares[NCACHED];/* spare pages for overflow */
85 	u_short	bitmaps[NCACHED];	/* address of overflow page bitmaps */
86 } HASHHDR;
87 
88 typedef struct htab {		/* Memory resident data structure */
89 	HASHHDR hdr;		/* Header */
90 	int	nsegs;		/* Number of allocated segments */
91 	int	exsegs;		/* Number of extra allocated segments */
92 	int	(*hash) ();	/* Hash Function */
93 	int	flags;		/* Flag values */
94 	int	fp;		/* File pointer */
95 	char	*tmp_buf;	/* Temporary Buffer for BIG data */
96 	char	*tmp_key;	/* Temporary Buffer for BIG keys */
97 	BUFHEAD *cpage;		/* Current page */
98 	int	cbucket;	/* Current bucket */
99 	int	cndx;		/* Index of next item on cpage */
100 	int	errno;		/* Error Number -- for DBM compatability */
101 	int	new_file;	/* Indicates if fd is backing store or no */
102 	int	save_file;	/* Indicates whether we need to flush file at
103 				 * exit */
104 	u_long *mapp[NCACHED];	/* Pointers to page maps */
105 	int	nmaps;		/* Initial number of bitmaps */
106 	int	nbufs;		/* Number of buffers left to allocate */
107 	BUFHEAD bufhead;	/* Header of buffer lru list */
108 	SEGMENT *dir;		/* Hash Bucket directory */
109 } HTAB;
110 
111 /*
112  * Constants
113  */
114 #define	MAX_BSIZE		65536		/* 2^16 */
115 #define MIN_BUFFERS		6
116 #define MINHDRSIZE		512
117 #define DEF_BUFSIZE		65536		/* 64 K */
118 #define DEF_BUCKET_SIZE		4096
119 #define DEF_BUCKET_SHIFT	12		/* log2(BUCKET) */
120 #define DEF_SEGSIZE		256
121 #define DEF_SEGSIZE_SHIFT	8		/* log2(SEGSIZE)	 */
122 #define DEF_DIRSIZE		256
123 #define DEF_FFACTOR		65536
124 #define MIN_FFACTOR		4
125 #define SPLTMAX			8
126 #define CHARKEY			"%$sniglet^&"
127 #define NUMKEY			1038583
128 #define BYTE_SHIFT		3
129 #define INT_TO_BYTE		2
130 #define INT_BYTE_SHIFT		5
131 #define ALL_SET			((u_int)0xFFFFFFFF)
132 #define ALL_CLEAR		0
133 
134 #define PTROF(X)	((BUFHEAD *)((u_int)(X)&~0x3))
135 #define ISMOD(X)	((u_int)(X)&0x1)
136 #define DOMOD(X)	((X) = (char *)((u_int)(X)|0x1))
137 #define ISDISK(X)	((u_int)(X)&0x2)
138 #define DODISK(X)	((X) = (char *)((u_int)(X)|0x2))
139 
140 #define BITS_PER_MAP	32
141 
142 /* Given the address of the beginning of a big map, clear/set the nth bit */
143 #define CLRBIT(A, N)	((A)[(N)/BITS_PER_MAP] &= ~(1<<((N)%BITS_PER_MAP)))
144 #define SETBIT(A, N)	((A)[(N)/BITS_PER_MAP] |= (1<<((N)%BITS_PER_MAP)))
145 #define ISSET(A, N)	((A)[(N)/BITS_PER_MAP] & (1<<((N)%BITS_PER_MAP)))
146 
147 /* Overflow management */
148 /*
149  * Overflow page numbers are allocated per split point.  At each doubling of
150  * the table, we can allocate extra pages.  So, an overflow page number has
151  * the top 5 bits indicate which split point and the lower 11 bits indicate
152  * which page at that split point is indicated (pages within split points are
153  * numberered starting with 1).
154  */
155 
156 #define SPLITSHIFT	11
157 #define SPLITMASK	0x7FF
158 #define SPLITNUM(N)	(((u_int)(N)) >> SPLITSHIFT)
159 #define OPAGENUM(N)	((N) & SPLITMASK)
160 #define	OADDR_OF(S,O)	((u_int)((u_int)(S) << SPLITSHIFT) + (O))
161 
162 #define BUCKET_TO_PAGE(B) \
163 	(B) + hashp->HDRPAGES + ((B) ? hashp->SPARES[__log2((B)+1)-1] : 0)
164 #define OADDR_TO_PAGE(B) 	\
165 	BUCKET_TO_PAGE ( (1 << SPLITNUM((B))) -1 ) + OPAGENUM((B));
166 
167 /*
168  * page.h contains a detailed description of the page format.
169  *
170  * Normally, keys and data are accessed from offset tables in the top of
171  * each page which point to the beginning of the key and data.  There are
172  * four flag values which may be stored in these offset tables which indicate
173  * the following:
174  *
175  *
176  * OVFLPAGE	Rather than a key data pair, this pair contains
177  *		the address of an overflow page.  The format of
178  *		the pair is:
179  *		    OVERFLOW_PAGE_NUMBER OVFLPAGE
180  *
181  * PARTIAL_KEY	This must be the first key/data pair on a page
182  *		and implies that page contains only a partial key.
183  *		That is, the key is too big to fit on a single page
184  *		so it starts on this page and continues on the next.
185  *		The format of the page is:
186  *		    KEY_OFF PARTIAL_KEY OVFL_PAGENO OVFLPAGE
187  *
188  *		    KEY_OFF -- offset of the beginning of the key
189  *		    PARTIAL_KEY -- 1
190  *		    OVFL_PAGENO - page number of the next overflow page
191  *		    OVFLPAGE -- 0
192  *
193  * FULL_KEY	This must be the first key/data pair on the page.  It
194  *		is used in two cases.
195  *
196  *		Case 1:
197  *		    There is a complete key on the page but no data
198  *		    (because it wouldn't fit).  The next page contains
199  *		    the data.
200  *
201  *		    Page format it:
202  *		    KEY_OFF FULL_KEY OVFL_PAGENO OVFL_PAGE
203  *
204  *		    KEY_OFF -- offset of the beginning of the key
205  *		    FULL_KEY -- 2
206  *		    OVFL_PAGENO - page number of the next overflow page
207  *		    OVFLPAGE -- 0
208  *
209  *		Case 2:
210  *		    This page contains no key, but part of a large
211  *		    data field, which is continued on the next page.
212  *
213  *		    Page format it:
214  *		    DATA_OFF FULL_KEY OVFL_PAGENO OVFL_PAGE
215  *
216  *		    KEY_OFF -- offset of the beginning of the data on
217  *				this page
218  *		    FULL_KEY -- 2
219  *		    OVFL_PAGENO - page number of the next overflow page
220  *		    OVFLPAGE -- 0
221  *
222  * FULL_KEY_DATA
223  *		This must be the first key/data pair on the page.
224  *		There are two cases:
225  *
226  *		Case 1:
227  *		    This page contains a key and the beginning of the
228  *		    data field, but the data field is continued on the
229  *		    next page.
230  *
231  *		    Page format is:
232  *		    KEY_OFF FULL_KEY_DATA OVFL_PAGENO DATA_OFF
233  *
234  *		    KEY_OFF -- offset of the beginning of the key
235  *		    FULL_KEY_DATA -- 3
236  *		    OVFL_PAGENO - page number of the next overflow page
237  *		    DATA_OFF -- offset of the beginning of the data
238  *
239  *		Case 2:
240  *		    This page contains the last page of a big data pair.
241  *		    There is no key, only the  tail end of the data
242  *		    on this page.
243  *
244  *		    Page format is:
245  *		    DATA_OFF FULL_KEY_DATA <OVFL_PAGENO> <OVFLPAGE>
246  *
247  *		    DATA_OFF -- offset of the beginning of the data on
248  *				this page
249  *		    FULL_KEY_DATA -- 3
250  *		    OVFL_PAGENO - page number of the next overflow page
251  *		    OVFLPAGE -- 0
252  *
253  *		    OVFL_PAGENO and OVFLPAGE are optional (they are
254  *		    not present if there is no next page).
255  */
256 
257 #define OVFLPAGE	0
258 #define PARTIAL_KEY	1
259 #define FULL_KEY	2
260 #define FULL_KEY_DATA	3
261 #define	REAL_KEY	4
262 
263 /* Short hands for accessing structure */
264 #define BSIZE		hdr.bsize
265 #define BSHIFT		hdr.bshift
266 #define DSIZE		hdr.dsize
267 #define SGSIZE		hdr.ssize
268 #define SSHIFT		hdr.sshift
269 #define LORDER		hdr.lorder
270 #define OVFL_POINT	hdr.ovfl_point
271 #define	LAST_FREED	hdr.last_freed
272 #define MAX_BUCKET	hdr.max_bucket
273 #define FFACTOR		hdr.ffactor
274 #define HIGH_MASK	hdr.high_mask
275 #define LOW_MASK	hdr.low_mask
276 #define NKEYS		hdr.nkeys
277 #define HDRPAGES	hdr.hdrpages
278 #define SPARES		hdr.spares
279 #define BITMAPS		hdr.bitmaps
280 #define VERSION		hdr.version
281 #define MAGIC		hdr.magic
282 #define NEXT_FREE	hdr.next_free
283 #define H_CHARKEY	hdr.h_charkey
284