xref: /netbsd-src/include/stdio.h (revision 23c8222edbfb0f0932d88a8351d3a0cf817dfb9e)
1 /*	$NetBSD: stdio.h,v 1.56 2004/07/01 22:31:28 kleink Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8  * Chris Torek.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
19  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
20  *    without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
23  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
25  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
26  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
27  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
28  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
29  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
30  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
33  *
34  *	@(#)stdio.h	8.5 (Berkeley) 4/29/95
35  */
36 
37 #ifndef	_STDIO_H_
38 #define	_STDIO_H_
39 
40 #include <sys/ansi.h>
41 
42 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
43 #include <sys/featuretest.h>
44 
45 #include <machine/ansi.h>
46 #ifdef	_BSD_SIZE_T_
47 typedef	_BSD_SIZE_T_	size_t;
48 #undef	_BSD_SIZE_T_
49 #endif
50 
51 #include <sys/null.h>
52 
53 /*
54  * This is fairly grotesque, but pure ANSI code must not inspect the
55  * innards of an fpos_t anyway.  The library internally uses off_t,
56  * which we assume is exactly as big as eight chars.
57  */
58 #if (!defined(_ANSI_SOURCE) && !defined(__STRICT_ANSI__)) || defined(_LIBC)
59 typedef __off_t fpos_t;
60 #else
61 typedef struct __sfpos {
62 	__off_t _pos;
63 } fpos_t;
64 #endif
65 
66 #define	_FSTDIO			/* Define for new stdio with functions. */
67 
68 /*
69  * NB: to fit things in six character monocase externals, the stdio
70  * code uses the prefix `__s' for stdio objects, typically followed
71  * by a three-character attempt at a mnemonic.
72  */
73 
74 /* stdio buffers */
75 struct __sbuf {
76 	unsigned char *_base;
77 	int	_size;
78 };
79 
80 /*
81  * stdio state variables.
82  *
83  * The following always hold:
84  *
85  *	if (_flags&(__SLBF|__SWR)) == (__SLBF|__SWR),
86  *		_lbfsize is -_bf._size, else _lbfsize is 0
87  *	if _flags&__SRD, _w is 0
88  *	if _flags&__SWR, _r is 0
89  *
90  * This ensures that the getc and putc macros (or inline functions) never
91  * try to write or read from a file that is in `read' or `write' mode.
92  * (Moreover, they can, and do, automatically switch from read mode to
93  * write mode, and back, on "r+" and "w+" files.)
94  *
95  * _lbfsize is used only to make the inline line-buffered output stream
96  * code as compact as possible.
97  *
98  * _ub, _up, and _ur are used when ungetc() pushes back more characters
99  * than fit in the current _bf, or when ungetc() pushes back a character
100  * that does not match the previous one in _bf.  When this happens,
101  * _ub._base becomes non-nil (i.e., a stream has ungetc() data iff
102  * _ub._base!=NULL) and _up and _ur save the current values of _p and _r.
103  *
104  * NB: see WARNING above before changing the layout of this structure!
105  */
106 typedef	struct __sFILE {
107 	unsigned char *_p;	/* current position in (some) buffer */
108 	int	_r;		/* read space left for getc() */
109 	int	_w;		/* write space left for putc() */
110 	short	_flags;		/* flags, below; this FILE is free if 0 */
111 	short	_file;		/* fileno, if Unix descriptor, else -1 */
112 	struct	__sbuf _bf;	/* the buffer (at least 1 byte, if !NULL) */
113 	int	_lbfsize;	/* 0 or -_bf._size, for inline putc */
114 
115 	/* operations */
116 	void	*_cookie;	/* cookie passed to io functions */
117 	int	(*_close) __P((void *));
118 	int	(*_read)  __P((void *, char *, int));
119 	fpos_t	(*_seek)  __P((void *, fpos_t, int));
120 	int	(*_write) __P((void *, const char *, int));
121 
122 	/* file extension */
123 	struct	__sbuf _ext;
124 
125 	/* separate buffer for long sequences of ungetc() */
126 	unsigned char *_up;	/* saved _p when _p is doing ungetc data */
127 	int	_ur;		/* saved _r when _r is counting ungetc data */
128 
129 	/* tricks to meet minimum requirements even when malloc() fails */
130 	unsigned char _ubuf[3];	/* guarantee an ungetc() buffer */
131 	unsigned char _nbuf[1];	/* guarantee a getc() buffer */
132 
133 	/* separate buffer for fgetln() when line crosses buffer boundary */
134 	struct	__sbuf _lb;	/* buffer for fgetln() */
135 
136 	/* Unix stdio files get aligned to block boundaries on fseek() */
137 	int	_blksize;	/* stat.st_blksize (may be != _bf._size) */
138 	fpos_t	_offset;	/* current lseek offset */
139 } FILE;
140 
141 __BEGIN_DECLS
142 extern FILE __sF[];
143 __END_DECLS
144 
145 #define	__SLBF	0x0001		/* line buffered */
146 #define	__SNBF	0x0002		/* unbuffered */
147 #define	__SRD	0x0004		/* OK to read */
148 #define	__SWR	0x0008		/* OK to write */
149 	/* RD and WR are never simultaneously asserted */
150 #define	__SRW	0x0010		/* open for reading & writing */
151 #define	__SEOF	0x0020		/* found EOF */
152 #define	__SERR	0x0040		/* found error */
153 #define	__SMBF	0x0080		/* _buf is from malloc */
154 #define	__SAPP	0x0100		/* fdopen()ed in append mode */
155 #define	__SSTR	0x0200		/* this is an sprintf/snprintf string */
156 #define	__SOPT	0x0400		/* do fseek() optimization */
157 #define	__SNPT	0x0800		/* do not do fseek() optimization */
158 #define	__SOFF	0x1000		/* set iff _offset is in fact correct */
159 #define	__SMOD	0x2000		/* true => fgetln modified _p text */
160 #define	__SALC	0x4000		/* allocate string space dynamically */
161 
162 /*
163  * The following three definitions are for ANSI C, which took them
164  * from System V, which brilliantly took internal interface macros and
165  * made them official arguments to setvbuf(), without renaming them.
166  * Hence, these ugly _IOxxx names are *supposed* to appear in user code.
167  *
168  * Although numbered as their counterparts above, the implementation
169  * does not rely on this.
170  */
171 #define	_IOFBF	0		/* setvbuf should set fully buffered */
172 #define	_IOLBF	1		/* setvbuf should set line buffered */
173 #define	_IONBF	2		/* setvbuf should set unbuffered */
174 
175 #define	BUFSIZ	1024		/* size of buffer used by setbuf */
176 #define	EOF	(-1)
177 
178 /*
179  * FOPEN_MAX is a minimum maximum, and is the number of streams that
180  * stdio can provide without attempting to allocate further resources
181  * (which could fail).  Do not use this for anything.
182  */
183 				/* must be == _POSIX_STREAM_MAX <limits.h> */
184 #define	FOPEN_MAX	20	/* must be <= OPEN_MAX <sys/syslimits.h> */
185 #define	FILENAME_MAX	1024	/* must be <= PATH_MAX <sys/syslimits.h> */
186 
187 /* System V/ANSI C; this is the wrong way to do this, do *not* use these. */
188 #if defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE) || defined(_NETBSD_SOURCE)
189 #define	P_tmpdir	"/var/tmp/"
190 #endif
191 #define	L_tmpnam	1024	/* XXX must be == PATH_MAX */
192 /* Always ensure that this is consistent with <limits.h> */
193 #ifndef TMP_MAX
194 #define TMP_MAX			308915776	/* Legacy */
195 #endif
196 
197 /* Always ensure that these are consistent with <fcntl.h> and <unistd.h>! */
198 #ifndef SEEK_SET
199 #define	SEEK_SET	0	/* set file offset to offset */
200 #endif
201 #ifndef SEEK_CUR
202 #define	SEEK_CUR	1	/* set file offset to current plus offset */
203 #endif
204 #ifndef SEEK_END
205 #define	SEEK_END	2	/* set file offset to EOF plus offset */
206 #endif
207 
208 #define	stdin	(&__sF[0])
209 #define	stdout	(&__sF[1])
210 #define	stderr	(&__sF[2])
211 
212 /*
213  * Functions defined in ANSI C standard.
214  */
215 __BEGIN_DECLS
216 void	 clearerr __P((FILE *));
217 int	 fclose __P((FILE *));
218 int	 feof __P((FILE *));
219 int	 ferror __P((FILE *));
220 int	 fflush __P((FILE *));
221 int	 fgetc __P((FILE *));
222 int	 fgetpos __P((FILE * __restrict, fpos_t * __restrict));
223 char	*fgets __P((char * __restrict, int, FILE * __restrict));
224 FILE	*fopen __P((const char *, const char *));
225 int	 fprintf __P((FILE * __restrict , const char * __restrict, ...));
226 int	 fputc __P((int, FILE *));
227 int	 fputs __P((const char * __restrict, FILE * __restrict));
228 size_t	 fread __P((void * __restrict, size_t, size_t, FILE * __restrict));
229 FILE	*freopen __P((const char *, const char *, FILE * __restrict));
230 int	 fscanf __P((FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...));
231 int	 fseek __P((FILE *, long, int));
232 int	 fsetpos __P((FILE *, const fpos_t *));
233 long	 ftell __P((FILE *));
234 size_t	 fwrite __P((const void * __restrict, size_t, size_t,
235 	    FILE * __restrict));
236 int	 getc __P((FILE *));
237 int	 getchar __P((void));
238 void	 perror __P((const char *));
239 int	 printf __P((const char * __restrict, ...));
240 int	 putc __P((int, FILE *));
241 int	 putchar __P((int));
242 int	 puts __P((const char *));
243 int	 remove __P((const char *));
244 void	 rewind __P((FILE *));
245 int	 scanf __P((const char * __restrict, ...));
246 void	 setbuf __P((FILE * __restrict, char * __restrict));
247 int	 setvbuf __P((FILE * __restrict, char * __restrict, int, size_t));
248 int	 sscanf __P((const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...));
249 FILE	*tmpfile __P((void));
250 int	 ungetc __P((int, FILE *));
251 int	 vfprintf __P((FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict,
252 	    _BSD_VA_LIST_));
253 int	 vfprintf_unlocked __P((FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict,
254 	    _BSD_VA_LIST_));
255 int	 vprintf __P((const char * __restrict, _BSD_VA_LIST_));
256 
257 #ifndef __AUDIT__
258 char	*gets __P((char *));
259 int	 sprintf __P((char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...));
260 char	*tmpnam __P((char *));
261 int	 vsprintf __P((char * __restrict, const char * __restrict,
262 	    _BSD_VA_LIST_));
263 #endif
264 
265 #if defined(_POSIX_C_SOURCE) || defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE)
266 int	 rename  __P((const char *, const char *)) __RENAME(__posix_rename);
267 #else
268 int	 rename  __P((const char *, const char *));
269 #endif
270 __END_DECLS
271 
272 /*
273  * IEEE Std 1003.1-90
274  */
275 #if defined(_POSIX_C_SOURCE) || defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE) || \
276     defined(_NETBSD_SOURCE)
277 #define	L_ctermid	1024	/* size for ctermid(); PATH_MAX */
278 #define L_cuserid	9	/* size for cuserid(); UT_NAMESIZE + 1 */
279 
280 __BEGIN_DECLS
281 char	*ctermid __P((char *));
282 #ifndef __CUSERID_DECLARED
283 #define __CUSERID_DECLARED
284 /* also declared in unistd.h */
285 char	*cuserid __P((char *));
286 #endif /* __CUSERID_DECLARED */
287 FILE	*fdopen __P((int, const char *));
288 int	 fileno __P((FILE *));
289 __END_DECLS
290 #endif /* not ANSI */
291 
292 /*
293  * IEEE Std 1003.1c-95, also adopted by X/Open CAE Spec Issue 5 Version 2
294  */
295 #if (_POSIX_C_SOURCE - 0) >= 199506L || (_XOPEN_SOURCE - 0) >= 500 || \
296     defined(_REENTRANT) || defined(_NETBSD_SOURCE)
297 __BEGIN_DECLS
298 void	flockfile __P((FILE *));
299 int	ftrylockfile __P((FILE *));
300 void	funlockfile __P((FILE *));
301 int	getc_unlocked __P((FILE *));
302 int	getchar_unlocked __P((void));
303 int	putc_unlocked __P((int, FILE *));
304 int	putchar_unlocked __P((int));
305 __END_DECLS
306 #endif /* _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 1995056 || _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 500 || ... */
307 
308 /*
309  * Functions defined in POSIX 1003.2 and XPG2 or later.
310  */
311 #if (_POSIX_C_SOURCE - 0) >= 2 || (_XOPEN_SOURCE - 0) >= 2 || \
312     defined(_NETBSD_SOURCE)
313 __BEGIN_DECLS
314 int	 pclose __P((FILE *));
315 FILE	*popen __P((const char *, const char *));
316 __END_DECLS
317 #endif
318 
319 /*
320  * Functions defined in XPG4.2.
321  */
322 #if defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE) || defined(_NETBSD_SOURCE)
323 __BEGIN_DECLS
324 int	 getw __P((FILE *));
325 int	 putw __P((int, FILE *));
326 int	 snprintf __P((char * __restrict, size_t, const char * __restrict, ...))
327 	    __attribute__((__format__(__printf__, 3, 4)));
328 int	 vsnprintf __P((char * __restrict, size_t, const char * __restrict,
329 	    _BSD_VA_LIST_))
330 	    __attribute__((__format__(__printf__, 3, 0)));
331 
332 #ifndef __AUDIT__
333 char	*tempnam __P((const char *, const char *));
334 #endif
335 __END_DECLS
336 #endif
337 
338 /*
339  * X/Open CAE Specification Issue 5 Version 2
340  */
341 #if (_XOPEN_SOURCE - 0) >= 500 || defined(_LARGEFILE_SOURCE) || \
342     defined(_NETBSD_SOURCE)
343 #ifndef	off_t
344 typedef	__off_t		off_t;
345 #define	off_t		__off_t
346 #endif /* off_t */
347 
348 __BEGIN_DECLS
349 int	 fseeko __P((FILE *, off_t, int));
350 off_t	 ftello __P((FILE *));
351 __END_DECLS
352 #endif /* _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 500 || _LARGEFILE_SOURCE || _NETBSD_SOURCE */
353 
354 /*
355  * Routines that are purely local.
356  */
357 #if defined(_NETBSD_SOURCE)
358 
359 #define	FPARSELN_UNESCESC	0x01
360 #define	FPARSELN_UNESCCONT	0x02
361 #define	FPARSELN_UNESCCOMM	0x04
362 #define	FPARSELN_UNESCREST	0x08
363 #define	FPARSELN_UNESCALL	0x0f
364 
365 __BEGIN_DECLS
366 int	 asprintf __P((char ** __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...))
367 	    __attribute__((__format__(__printf__, 2, 3)));
368 char	*fgetln __P((FILE * __restrict, size_t * __restrict));
369 char	*fparseln(FILE *, size_t *, size_t *, const char[3], int);
370 int	 fpurge __P((FILE *));
371 void	 setbuffer __P((FILE *, char *, int));
372 int	 setlinebuf __P((FILE *));
373 int	 vasprintf __P((char ** __restrict, const char * __restrict,
374 	    _BSD_VA_LIST_))
375 	    __attribute__((__format__(__printf__, 2, 0)));
376 int	 vscanf __P((const char * __restrict, _BSD_VA_LIST_))
377 	    __attribute__((__format__(__scanf__, 1, 0)));
378 int	 vfscanf __P((FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict,
379 	    _BSD_VA_LIST_))
380 	    __attribute__((__format__(__scanf__, 2, 0)));
381 int	 vsscanf __P((const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict,
382 	    _BSD_VA_LIST_))
383 	    __attribute__((__format__(__scanf__, 2, 0)));
384 __const char *fmtcheck __P((const char *, const char *))
385 	    __attribute__((__format_arg__(2)));
386 __END_DECLS
387 
388 /*
389  * Stdio function-access interface.
390  */
391 __BEGIN_DECLS
392 FILE	*funopen __P((const void *,
393 		int (*)(void *, char *, int),
394 		int (*)(void *, const char *, int),
395 		fpos_t (*)(void *, fpos_t, int),
396 		int (*)(void *)));
397 __END_DECLS
398 #define	fropen(cookie, fn) funopen(cookie, fn, 0, 0, 0)
399 #define	fwopen(cookie, fn) funopen(cookie, 0, fn, 0, 0)
400 #endif /* _NETBSD_SOURCE */
401 
402 /*
403  * Functions internal to the implementation.
404  */
405 __BEGIN_DECLS
406 int	__srget __P((FILE *));
407 int	__swbuf __P((int, FILE *));
408 __END_DECLS
409 
410 /*
411  * The __sfoo macros are here so that we can
412  * define function versions in the C library.
413  */
414 #define	__sgetc(p) (--(p)->_r < 0 ? __srget(p) : (int)(*(p)->_p++))
415 #if defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__STDC__)
416 static __inline int __sputc(int _c, FILE *_p) {
417 	if (--_p->_w >= 0 || (_p->_w >= _p->_lbfsize && (char)_c != '\n'))
418 		return (*_p->_p++ = _c);
419 	else
420 		return (__swbuf(_c, _p));
421 }
422 #else
423 /*
424  * This has been tuned to generate reasonable code on the vax using pcc.
425  */
426 #define	__sputc(c, p) \
427 	(--(p)->_w < 0 ? \
428 		(p)->_w >= (p)->_lbfsize ? \
429 			(*(p)->_p = (c)), *(p)->_p != '\n' ? \
430 				(int)*(p)->_p++ : \
431 				__swbuf('\n', p) : \
432 			__swbuf((int)(c), p) : \
433 		(*(p)->_p = (c), (int)*(p)->_p++))
434 #endif
435 
436 #define	__sfeof(p)	(((p)->_flags & __SEOF) != 0)
437 #define	__sferror(p)	(((p)->_flags & __SERR) != 0)
438 #define	__sclearerr(p)	((void)((p)->_flags &= ~(__SERR|__SEOF)))
439 #define	__sfileno(p)	((p)->_file)
440 
441 #ifndef __lint__
442 #if !defined(_REENTRANT) && !defined(_PTHREADS)
443 #define	feof(p)		__sfeof(p)
444 #define	ferror(p)	__sferror(p)
445 #define	clearerr(p)	__sclearerr(p)
446 
447 #define	getc(fp)	__sgetc(fp)
448 #define putc(x, fp)	__sputc(x, fp)
449 #endif /* !_REENTRANT && !_PTHREADS */
450 #endif /* __lint__ */
451 
452 #define	getchar()	getc(stdin)
453 #define	putchar(x)	putc(x, stdout)
454 
455 #if defined(_POSIX_C_SOURCE) || defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE) || \
456     defined(_NETBSD_SOURCE)
457 #if !defined(_REENTRANT) && !defined(_PTHREADS)
458 #define	fileno(p)	__sfileno(p)
459 #endif /* !_REENTRANT && !_PTHREADS */
460 #endif /* !_ANSI_SOURCE */
461 
462 #if (_POSIX_C_SOURCE - 0) >= 199506L || (_XOPEN_SOURCE - 0) >= 500 || \
463     defined(_REENTRANT) || defined(_NETBSD_SOURCE)
464 #define getc_unlocked(fp)	__sgetc(fp)
465 #define putc_unlocked(x, fp)	__sputc(x, fp)
466 
467 #define getchar_unlocked()	getc_unlocked(stdin)
468 #define putchar_unlocked(x)	putc_unlocked(x, stdout)
469 #endif /* _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 199506 || _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 500 || _REENTRANT... */
470 
471 #endif /* _STDIO_H_ */
472