xref: /netbsd-src/games/factor/factor.c (revision da5f4674a3fc214be3572d358b66af40ab9401e7)
1 /*	$NetBSD: factor.c,v 1.14 2003/08/07 09:37:12 agc Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8  * Landon Curt Noll.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
19  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
20  *    without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
23  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
25  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
26  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
27  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
28  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
29  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
30  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
33  */
34 
35 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
36 #ifndef lint
37 __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\
38 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n");
39 #endif /* not lint */
40 
41 #ifndef lint
42 #if 0
43 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)factor.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 5/4/95";
44 #else
45 __RCSID("$NetBSD: factor.c,v 1.14 2003/08/07 09:37:12 agc Exp $");
46 #endif
47 #endif /* not lint */
48 
49 /*
50  * factor - factor a number into primes
51  *
52  * By: Landon Curt Noll   chongo@toad.com,   ...!{sun,tolsoft}!hoptoad!chongo
53  *
54  *   chongo <for a good prime call: 391581 * 2^216193 - 1> /\oo/\
55  *
56  * usage:
57  *	factor [number] ...
58  *
59  * The form of the output is:
60  *
61  *	number: factor1 factor1 factor2 factor3 factor3 factor3 ...
62  *
63  * where factor1 < factor2 < factor3 < ...
64  *
65  * If no args are given, the list of numbers are read from stdin.
66  */
67 
68 #include <ctype.h>
69 #include <err.h>
70 #include <errno.h>
71 #include <limits.h>
72 #include <stdio.h>
73 #include <stdlib.h>
74 #include <unistd.h>
75 
76 #ifdef HAVE_OPENSSL
77 #include <openssl/bn.h>
78 #else
79 typedef long	BIGNUM;
80 typedef u_long	BN_ULONG;
81 int	BN_dec2bn(BIGNUM **a, const char *str);
82 #define BN_new()		((BIGNUM *)calloc(sizeof(BIGNUM), 1))
83 #define BN_is_zero(v)		(*(v) == 0)
84 #define BN_is_one(v)		(*(v) == 1)
85 #define BN_new()		((BIGNUM *)calloc(sizeof(BIGNUM), 1))
86 #define BN_is_zero(v)		(*(v) == 0)
87 #define BN_is_one(v)		(*(v) == 1)
88 #define BN_mod_word(a, b)	(*(a) % (b))
89 #endif
90 
91 #include "primes.h"
92 
93 /*
94  * prime[i] is the (i-1)th prime.
95  *
96  * We are able to sieve 2^32-1 because this byte table yields all primes
97  * up to 65537 and 65537^2 > 2^32-1.
98  */
99 extern const ubig prime[];
100 extern const ubig *pr_limit;		/* largest prime in the prime array */
101 
102 #define	PRIME_CHECKS	5
103 
104 #ifdef HAVE_OPENSSL
105 BN_CTX *ctx;				/* just use a global context */
106 #endif
107 
108 int	main(int, char *[]);
109 void	pr_fact(BIGNUM *);		/* print factors of a value */
110 void	BN_print_dec_fp(FILE *, const BIGNUM *);
111 void	usage(void) __attribute__((__noreturn__));
112 #ifdef HAVE_OPENSSL
113 void	pollard_pminus1(BIGNUM *);	/* print factors for big numbers */
114 #else
115 char	*BN_bn2dec(const BIGNUM *);
116 BN_ULONG BN_div_word(BIGNUM *, BN_ULONG);
117 #endif
118 
119 
120 #ifndef HAVE_OPENSSL
121 int
122 BN_dec2bn(BIGNUM **a, const char *str)
123 {
124 	char *p;
125 
126 	errno = 0;
127 	**a = strtoul(str, &p, 10);
128 	if (errno)
129 		err(1, "%s", str);
130 	return (*p == '\n' || *p == '\0');
131 }
132 #endif
133 
134 int
135 main(int argc, char *argv[])
136 {
137 	BIGNUM *val;
138 	int ch;
139 	char *p, buf[LINE_MAX];		/* > max number of digits. */
140 
141 #ifdef HAVE_OPENSSL
142 	ctx = BN_CTX_new();
143 #endif
144 	val = BN_new();
145 	if (val == NULL)
146 		errx(1, "can't initialise bignum");
147 
148 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "")) != -1)
149 		switch (ch) {
150 		case '?':
151 		default:
152 			usage();
153 		}
154 	argc -= optind;
155 	argv += optind;
156 
157 	/* No args supplied, read numbers from stdin. */
158 	if (argc == 0)
159 		for (;;) {
160 			if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), stdin) == NULL) {
161 				if (ferror(stdin))
162 					err(1, "stdin");
163 				exit (0);
164 			}
165 			for (p = buf; isblank(*p); ++p);
166 			if (*p == '\n' || *p == '\0')
167 				continue;
168 			if (*p == '-')
169 				errx(1, "negative numbers aren't permitted.");
170 			if (BN_dec2bn(&val, buf) == 0)
171 				errx(1, "%s: illegal numeric format.", argv[0]);
172 			pr_fact(val);
173 		}
174 	/* Factor the arguments. */
175 	else
176 		for (; *argv != NULL; ++argv) {
177 			if (argv[0][0] == '-')
178 				errx(1, "negative numbers aren't permitted.");
179 			if (BN_dec2bn(&val, argv[0]) == 0)
180 				errx(1, "%s: illegal numeric format.", argv[0]);
181 			pr_fact(val);
182 		}
183 	exit(0);
184 }
185 
186 /*
187  * pr_fact - print the factors of a number
188  *
189  * If the number is 0 or 1, then print the number and return.
190  * If the number is < 0, print -1, negate the number and continue
191  * processing.
192  *
193  * Print the factors of the number, from the lowest to the highest.
194  * A factor will be printed numtiple times if it divides the value
195  * multiple times.
196  *
197  * Factors are printed with leading tabs.
198  */
199 void
200 pr_fact(BIGNUM *val)
201 {
202 	const ubig *fact;		/* The factor found. */
203 
204 	/* Firewall - catch 0 and 1. */
205 	if (BN_is_zero(val))	/* Historical practice; 0 just exits. */
206 		exit(0);
207 	if (BN_is_one(val)) {
208 		printf("1: 1\n");
209 		return;
210 	}
211 
212 	/* Factor value. */
213 
214 	BN_print_dec_fp(stdout, val);
215 	putchar(':');
216 	for (fact = &prime[0]; !BN_is_one(val); ++fact) {
217 		/* Look for the smallest factor. */
218 		do {
219 			if (BN_mod_word(val, (BN_ULONG)*fact) == 0)
220 				break;
221 		} while (++fact <= pr_limit);
222 
223 		/* Watch for primes larger than the table. */
224 		if (fact > pr_limit) {
225 #ifdef HAVE_OPENSSL
226 			BIGNUM *bnfact;
227 
228 			bnfact = BN_new();
229 			BN_set_word(bnfact, *(fact - 1));
230 			BN_sqr(bnfact, bnfact, ctx);
231 			if (BN_cmp(bnfact, val) > 0) {
232 				putchar(' ');
233 				BN_print_dec_fp(stdout, val);
234 			} else
235 				pollard_pminus1(val);
236 #else
237 			printf(" %s", BN_bn2dec(val));
238 #endif
239 			break;
240 		}
241 
242 		/* Divide factor out until none are left. */
243 		do {
244 			printf(" %lu", *fact);
245 			BN_div_word(val, (BN_ULONG)*fact);
246 		} while (BN_mod_word(val, (BN_ULONG)*fact) == 0);
247 
248 		/* Let the user know we're doing something. */
249 		fflush(stdout);
250 	}
251 	putchar('\n');
252 }
253 
254 /*
255  * Sigh..  No _decimal_ output to file functions in BN.
256  */
257 void
258 BN_print_dec_fp(FILE *fp, const BIGNUM *num)
259 {
260 	char *buf;
261 
262 	buf = BN_bn2dec(num);
263 	if (buf == NULL)
264 		return;	/* XXX do anything here? */
265 	fprintf(fp, buf);
266 	free(buf);
267 }
268 
269 void
270 usage(void)
271 {
272 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: factor [value ...]\n");
273 	exit (0);
274 }
275 
276 
277 
278 
279 #ifdef HAVE_OPENSSL
280 /* pollard rho, algorithm from Jim Gillogly, May 2000 */
281 
282 void
283 pollard_pminus1(BIGNUM *val)
284 {
285 	BIGNUM *base, *num, *i, *x;
286 
287 	base = BN_new();
288 	num = BN_new();
289 	i = BN_new();
290 	x = BN_new();
291 
292 	BN_set_word(i, 2);
293 	BN_set_word(base, 2);
294 
295 	for (;;) {
296 		BN_mod_exp(base, base, i, val, ctx);
297 
298 		BN_copy(x, base);
299 		BN_sub_word(x, 1);
300 		BN_gcd(x, x, val, ctx);
301 
302 		if (!BN_is_one(x)) {
303 			if (BN_is_prime(x, PRIME_CHECKS, NULL, NULL,
304 			    NULL) == 1) {
305 				putchar(' ');
306 				BN_print_dec_fp(stdout, x);
307 			} else
308 				pollard_pminus1(x);
309 			fflush(stdout);
310 
311 			BN_div(num, NULL, val, x, ctx);
312 			if (BN_is_one(num))
313 				return;
314 			if (BN_is_prime(num, PRIME_CHECKS, NULL, NULL,
315 			    NULL) == 1) {
316 				putchar(' ');
317 				BN_print_dec_fp(stdout, num);
318 				fflush(stdout);
319 				return;
320 			}
321 			BN_copy(val, num);
322 		}
323 		BN_add_word(i, 1);
324 	}
325 }
326 #else
327 char *
328 BN_bn2dec(const BIGNUM *val)
329 {
330 	char *buf;
331 
332 	buf = malloc(100);
333 	if (!buf)
334 		return buf;
335 	snprintf(buf, 100, "%ld", (long)*val);
336 	return buf;
337 }
338 
339 BN_ULONG
340 BN_div_word(BIGNUM *a, BN_ULONG b)
341 {
342 	BN_ULONG mod;
343 
344 	mod = *a % b;
345 	*a /= b;
346 	return mod;
347 }
348 #endif
349