1<!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" 2 "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> 3<html> <head> 4<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> 5<title> Postfix manual - trivial-rewrite(8) </title> 6</head> <body> <pre> 7TRIVIAL-REWRITE(8) TRIVIAL-REWRITE(8) 8 9<b>NAME</b> 10 trivial-rewrite - Postfix address rewriting and resolving daemon 11 12<b>SYNOPSIS</b> 13 <b>trivial-rewrite</b> [generic Postfix daemon options] 14 15<b>DESCRIPTION</b> 16 The <a href="trivial-rewrite.8.html"><b>trivial-rewrite</b>(8)</a> daemon processes three types of client service 17 requests: 18 19 <b>rewrite</b> <i>context address</i> 20 Rewrite an address to standard form, according to the address 21 rewriting context: 22 23 <b>local</b> Append the domain names specified with <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#myorigin">myorigin</a></b> or 24 <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#mydomain">mydomain</a></b> to incomplete addresses; do <b><a href="postconf.5.html#swap_bangpath">swap_bangpath</a></b> and 25 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#allow_percent_hack">allow_percent_hack</a></b> processing as described below, and 26 strip source routed addresses (<i>@site,@site:user@domain</i>) 27 to <i>user@domain</i> form. 28 29 <b>remote</b> Append the domain name specified with <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#remote_header_rewrite_domain">remote_header_re</a>-</b> 30 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#remote_header_rewrite_domain">write_domain</a></b> to incomplete addresses. Otherwise the 31 result is identical to that of the <b>local</b> address rewrit- 32 ing context. This prevents Postfix from appending the 33 local domain to spam from poorly written remote clients. 34 35 <b>resolve</b> <i>sender address</i> 36 Resolve the address to a (<i>transport</i>, <i>nexthop</i>, <i>recipient</i>, <i>flags</i>) 37 quadruple. The meaning of the results is as follows: 38 39 <i>transport</i> 40 The delivery agent to use. This is the first field of an 41 entry in the <a href="master.5.html"><b>master.cf</b></a> file. 42 43 <i>nexthop</i> 44 The host to send to and optional delivery method informa- 45 tion. 46 47 <i>recipient</i> 48 The envelope recipient address that is passed on to <i>nex-</i> 49 <i>thop</i>. 50 51 <i>flags</i> The address class, whether the address requires relaying, 52 whether the address has problems, and whether the request 53 failed. 54 55 <b>verify</b> <i>sender address</i> 56 Resolve the address for address verification purposes. 57 58<b>SERVER PROCESS MANAGEMENT</b> 59 The <a href="trivial-rewrite.8.html"><b>trivial-rewrite</b>(8)</a> servers run under control by the Postfix <a href="master.8.html">mas-</a> 60 <a href="master.8.html">ter(8)</a> server. Each server can handle multiple simultaneous connec- 61 tions. When all servers are busy while a client connects, the master 62 creates a new server process, provided that the trivial-rewrite server 63 process limit is not exceeded. Each trivial-rewrite server terminates 64 after serving at least <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#max_use">max_use</a></b> clients of after <b>$<a href="postconf.5.html#max_idle">max_idle</a></b> seconds of 65 idle time. 66 67<b>STANDARDS</b> 68 None. The command does not interact with the outside world. 69 70<b>SECURITY</b> 71 The <a href="trivial-rewrite.8.html"><b>trivial-rewrite</b>(8)</a> daemon is not security sensitive. By default, 72 this daemon does not talk to remote or local users. It can run at a 73 fixed low privilege in a chrooted environment. 74 75<b>DIAGNOSTICS</b> 76 Problems and transactions are logged to <b>syslogd</b>(8) or <a href="postlogd.8.html"><b>postlogd</b>(8)</a>. 77 78<b>CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS</b> 79 On busy mail systems a long time may pass before a <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> change 80 affecting <a href="trivial-rewrite.8.html"><b>trivial-rewrite</b>(8)</a> is picked up. Use the command "<b>postfix</b> 81 <b>reload</b>" to speed up a change. 82 83 The text below provides only a parameter summary. See <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>postconf</b>(5)</a> for 84 more details including examples. 85 86<b>COMPATIBILITY CONTROLS</b> 87 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#resolve_dequoted_address">resolve_dequoted_address</a> (yes)</b> 88 Resolve a recipient address safely instead of correctly, by 89 looking inside quotes. 90 91 Available with Postfix version 2.1 and later: 92 93 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#resolve_null_domain">resolve_null_domain</a> (no)</b> 94 Resolve an address that ends in the "@" null domain as if the 95 local hostname were specified, instead of rejecting the address 96 as invalid. 97 98 Available with Postfix version 2.3 and later: 99 100 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#resolve_numeric_domain">resolve_numeric_domain</a> (no)</b> 101 Resolve "user@ipaddress" as "user@[ipaddress]", instead of 102 rejecting the address as invalid. 103 104 Available with Postfix version 2.5 and later: 105 106 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#allow_min_user">allow_min_user</a> (no)</b> 107 Allow a sender or recipient address to have `-' as the first 108 character. 109 110<b>ADDRESS REWRITING CONTROLS</b> 111 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#myorigin">myorigin</a> ($<a href="postconf.5.html#myhostname">myhostname</a>)</b> 112 The domain name that locally-posted mail appears to come from, 113 and that locally posted mail is delivered to. 114 115 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#allow_percent_hack">allow_percent_hack</a> (yes)</b> 116 Enable the rewriting of the form "user%domain" to "user@domain". 117 118 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#append_at_myorigin">append_at_myorigin</a> (yes)</b> 119 With locally submitted mail, append the string "@$<a href="postconf.5.html#myorigin">myorigin</a>" to 120 mail addresses without domain information. 121 122 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#append_dot_mydomain">append_dot_mydomain</a> (Postfix</b> ><b>= 3.0: no, Postfix</b> < <b>3.0: yes)</b> 123 With locally submitted mail, append the string ".$<a href="postconf.5.html#mydomain">mydomain</a>" to 124 addresses that have no ".domain" information. 125 126 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#recipient_delimiter">recipient_delimiter</a> (empty)</b> 127 The set of characters that can separate an email address local- 128 part, user name, or a .forward file name from its extension. 129 130 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#swap_bangpath">swap_bangpath</a> (yes)</b> 131 Enable the rewriting of "site!user" into "user@site". 132 133 Available in Postfix 2.2 and later: 134 135 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#remote_header_rewrite_domain">remote_header_rewrite_domain</a> (empty)</b> 136 Don't rewrite message headers from remote clients at all when 137 this parameter is empty; otherwise, rewrite message headers and 138 append the specified domain name to incomplete addresses. 139 140<b>ROUTING CONTROLS</b> 141 The following is applicable to Postfix version 2.0 and later. Earlier 142 versions do not have support for: <a href="postconf.5.html#virtual_transport">virtual_transport</a>, <a href="postconf.5.html#relay_transport">relay_transport</a>, 143 <a href="postconf.5.html#virtual_alias_domains">virtual_alias_domains</a>, <a href="postconf.5.html#virtual_mailbox_domains">virtual_mailbox_domains</a> or <a href="postconf.5.html#proxy_interfaces">proxy_interfaces</a>. 144 145 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#local_transport">local_transport</a> (<a href="local.8.html">local</a>:$<a href="postconf.5.html#myhostname">myhostname</a>)</b> 146 The default mail delivery transport and next-hop destination for 147 final delivery to domains listed with <a href="postconf.5.html#mydestination">mydestination</a>, and for 148 [ipaddress] destinations that match $<a href="postconf.5.html#inet_interfaces">inet_interfaces</a> or 149 $<a href="postconf.5.html#proxy_interfaces">proxy_interfaces</a>. 150 151 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#virtual_transport">virtual_transport</a> (virtual)</b> 152 The default mail delivery transport and next-hop destination for 153 final delivery to domains listed with $<a href="postconf.5.html#virtual_mailbox_domains">virtual_mailbox_domains</a>. 154 155 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#relay_transport">relay_transport</a> (relay)</b> 156 The default mail delivery transport and next-hop destination for 157 remote delivery to domains listed with $<a href="postconf.5.html#relay_domains">relay_domains</a>. 158 159 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_transport">default_transport</a> (smtp)</b> 160 The default mail delivery transport and next-hop destination for 161 destinations that do not match $<a href="postconf.5.html#mydestination">mydestination</a>, $<a href="postconf.5.html#inet_interfaces">inet_interfaces</a>, 162 $<a href="postconf.5.html#proxy_interfaces">proxy_interfaces</a>, $<a href="postconf.5.html#virtual_alias_domains">virtual_alias_domains</a>, $<a href="postconf.5.html#virtual_mailbox_domains">virtual_mail</a>- 163 <a href="postconf.5.html#virtual_mailbox_domains">box_domains</a>, or $<a href="postconf.5.html#relay_domains">relay_domains</a>. 164 165 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#parent_domain_matches_subdomains">parent_domain_matches_subdomains</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> 166 A list of Postfix features where the pattern "example.com" also 167 matches subdomains of example.com, instead of requiring an 168 explicit ".example.com" pattern. 169 170 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#relayhost">relayhost</a> (empty)</b> 171 The next-hop destination(s) for non-local mail; overrides 172 non-<a href="ADDRESS_CLASS_README.html#local_domain_class">local domains</a> in recipient addresses. 173 174 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#transport_maps">transport_maps</a> (empty)</b> 175 Optional lookup tables with mappings from recipient address to 176 (message delivery transport, next-hop destination). 177 178 Available in Postfix version 2.3 and later: 179 180 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_relayhost_maps">sender_dependent_relayhost_maps</a> (empty)</b> 181 A sender-dependent override for the global <a href="postconf.5.html#relayhost">relayhost</a> parameter 182 setting. 183 184 Available in Postfix version 2.5 and later: 185 186 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#empty_address_relayhost_maps_lookup_key">empty_address_relayhost_maps_lookup_key</a> (</b><><b>)</b> 187 The <a href="postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_relayhost_maps">sender_dependent_relayhost_maps</a> search string that will be 188 used instead of the null sender address. 189 190 Available in Postfix version 2.7 and later: 191 192 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#empty_address_default_transport_maps_lookup_key">empty_address_default_transport_maps_lookup_key</a> (</b><><b>)</b> 193 The <a href="postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_default_transport_maps">sender_dependent_default_transport_maps</a> search string that 194 will be used instead of the null sender address. 195 196 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_default_transport_maps">sender_dependent_default_transport_maps</a> (empty)</b> 197 A sender-dependent override for the global <a href="postconf.5.html#default_transport">default_transport</a> 198 parameter setting. 199 200<b>ADDRESS VERIFICATION CONTROLS</b> 201 Postfix version 2.1 introduces sender and recipient address verifica- 202 tion. This feature is implemented by sending probe email messages that 203 are not actually delivered. By default, address verification probes 204 use the same route as regular mail. To override specific aspects of 205 message routing for address verification probes, specify one or more of 206 the following: 207 208 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#address_verify_local_transport">address_verify_local_transport</a> ($<a href="postconf.5.html#local_transport">local_transport</a>)</b> 209 Overrides the <a href="postconf.5.html#local_transport">local_transport</a> parameter setting for address ver- 210 ification probes. 211 212 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#address_verify_virtual_transport">address_verify_virtual_transport</a> ($<a href="postconf.5.html#virtual_transport">virtual_transport</a>)</b> 213 Overrides the <a href="postconf.5.html#virtual_transport">virtual_transport</a> parameter setting for address 214 verification probes. 215 216 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#address_verify_relay_transport">address_verify_relay_transport</a> ($<a href="postconf.5.html#relay_transport">relay_transport</a>)</b> 217 Overrides the <a href="postconf.5.html#relay_transport">relay_transport</a> parameter setting for address ver- 218 ification probes. 219 220 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#address_verify_default_transport">address_verify_default_transport</a> ($<a href="postconf.5.html#default_transport">default_transport</a>)</b> 221 Overrides the <a href="postconf.5.html#default_transport">default_transport</a> parameter setting for address 222 verification probes. 223 224 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#address_verify_relayhost">address_verify_relayhost</a> ($<a href="postconf.5.html#relayhost">relayhost</a>)</b> 225 Overrides the <a href="postconf.5.html#relayhost">relayhost</a> parameter setting for address verifica- 226 tion probes. 227 228 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#address_verify_transport_maps">address_verify_transport_maps</a> ($<a href="postconf.5.html#transport_maps">transport_maps</a>)</b> 229 Overrides the <a href="postconf.5.html#transport_maps">transport_maps</a> parameter setting for address veri- 230 fication probes. 231 232 Available in Postfix version 2.3 and later: 233 234 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#address_verify_sender_dependent_relayhost_maps">address_verify_sender_dependent_relayhost_maps</a> ($<a href="postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_relayhost_maps">sender_depen</a>-</b> 235 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_relayhost_maps">dent_relayhost_maps</a>)</b> 236 Overrides the <a href="postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_relayhost_maps">sender_dependent_relayhost_maps</a> parameter setting 237 for address verification probes. 238 239 Available in Postfix version 2.7 and later: 240 241 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#address_verify_sender_dependent_default_transport_maps">address_verify_sender_dependent_default_transport_maps</a> ($<a href="postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_default_transport_maps">sender_depen</a>-</b> 242 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_default_transport_maps">dent_default_transport_maps</a>)</b> 243 Overrides the <a href="postconf.5.html#sender_dependent_default_transport_maps">sender_dependent_default_transport_maps</a> parameter 244 setting for address verification probes. 245 246<b>MISCELLANEOUS CONTROLS</b> 247 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#config_directory">config_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> 248 The default location of the Postfix <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a> and <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> con- 249 figuration files. 250 251 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#daemon_timeout">daemon_timeout</a> (18000s)</b> 252 How much time a Postfix daemon process may take to handle a 253 request before it is terminated by a built-in watchdog timer. 254 255 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#empty_address_recipient">empty_address_recipient</a> (MAILER-DAEMON)</b> 256 The recipient of mail addressed to the null address. 257 258 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#ipc_timeout">ipc_timeout</a> (3600s)</b> 259 The time limit for sending or receiving information over an 260 internal communication channel. 261 262 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#max_idle">max_idle</a> (100s)</b> 263 The maximum amount of time that an idle Postfix daemon process 264 waits for an incoming connection before terminating voluntarily. 265 266 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#max_use">max_use</a> (100)</b> 267 The maximal number of incoming connections that a Postfix daemon 268 process will service before terminating voluntarily. 269 270 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#relocated_maps">relocated_maps</a> (empty)</b> 271 Optional lookup tables with new contact information for users or 272 domains that no longer exist. 273 274 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#process_id">process_id</a> (read-only)</b> 275 The process ID of a Postfix command or daemon process. 276 277 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#process_name">process_name</a> (read-only)</b> 278 The process name of a Postfix command or daemon process. 279 280 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#queue_directory">queue_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> 281 The location of the Postfix top-level queue directory. 282 283 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#show_user_unknown_table_name">show_user_unknown_table_name</a> (yes)</b> 284 Display the name of the recipient table in the "User unknown" 285 responses. 286 287 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_facility">syslog_facility</a> (mail)</b> 288 The syslog facility of Postfix logging. 289 290 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_name">syslog_name</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b> 291 A prefix that is prepended to the process name in syslog 292 records, so that, for example, "smtpd" becomes "prefix/smtpd". 293 294 Available in Postfix version 2.0 and later: 295 296 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#helpful_warnings">helpful_warnings</a> (yes)</b> 297 Log warnings about problematic configuration settings, and pro- 298 vide helpful suggestions. 299 300 Available in Postfix 3.3 and later: 301 302 <b><a href="postconf.5.html#service_name">service_name</a> (read-only)</b> 303 The <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> service name of a Postfix daemon process. 304 305<b>SEE ALSO</b> 306 <a href="postconf.5.html">postconf(5)</a>, configuration parameters 307 <a href="transport.5.html">transport(5)</a>, transport table format 308 <a href="relocated.5.html">relocated(5)</a>, format of the "user has moved" table 309 <a href="master.8.html">master(8)</a>, process manager 310 <a href="postlogd.8.html">postlogd(8)</a>, Postfix logging 311 syslogd(8), system logging 312 313<b>README FILES</b> 314 <a href="ADDRESS_CLASS_README.html">ADDRESS_CLASS_README</a>, Postfix address classes howto 315 <a href="ADDRESS_VERIFICATION_README.html">ADDRESS_VERIFICATION_README</a>, Postfix address verification 316 317<b>LICENSE</b> 318 The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software. 319 320<b>AUTHOR(S)</b> 321 Wietse Venema 322 IBM T.J. Watson Research 323 P.O. Box 704 324 Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA 325 326 Wietse Venema 327 Google, Inc. 328 111 8th Avenue 329 New York, NY 10011, USA 330 331 TRIVIAL-REWRITE(8) 332</pre> </body> </html> 333