xref: /netbsd-src/external/gpl3/gdb/dist/opcodes/s390-dis.c (revision bdc22b2e01993381dcefeff2bc9b56ca75a4235c)
1 /* s390-dis.c -- Disassemble S390 instructions
2    Copyright (C) 2000-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3    Contributed by Martin Schwidefsky (schwidefsky@de.ibm.com).
4 
5    This file is part of the GNU opcodes library.
6 
7    This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9    the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
10    any later version.
11 
12    It is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
13    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
14    or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public
15    License for more details.
16 
17    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18    along with this file; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the
19    Free Software Foundation, 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor, Boston,
20    MA 02110-1301, USA.  */
21 
22 #include "sysdep.h"
23 #include <stdio.h>
24 #include "ansidecl.h"
25 #include "dis-asm.h"
26 #include "opintl.h"
27 #include "opcode/s390.h"
28 #include "libiberty.h"
29 
30 static int opc_index[256];
31 static int current_arch_mask = 0;
32 static int option_use_insn_len_bits_p = 0;
33 
34 typedef struct
35 {
36   const char *name;
37   const char *description;
38 } s390_options_t;
39 
40 static const s390_options_t options[] =
41 {
42   { "esa" ,       N_("Disassemble in ESA architecture mode") },
43   { "zarch",      N_("Disassemble in z/Architecture mode") },
44   { "insnlength", N_("Print unknown instructions according to "
45 		     "length from first two bits") }
46 };
47 
48 /* Set up index table for first opcode byte.  */
49 
50 void
51 disassemble_init_s390 (struct disassemble_info *info)
52 {
53   int i;
54   const char *p;
55 
56   memset (opc_index, 0, sizeof (opc_index));
57 
58   /* Reverse order, such that each opc_index ends up pointing to the
59      first matching entry instead of the last.  */
60   for (i = s390_num_opcodes; i--; )
61     opc_index[s390_opcodes[i].opcode[0]] = i;
62 
63   current_arch_mask = 1 << S390_OPCODE_ZARCH;
64   option_use_insn_len_bits_p = 0;
65 
66   for (p = info->disassembler_options; p != NULL; )
67     {
68       if (CONST_STRNEQ (p, "esa"))
69 	current_arch_mask = 1 << S390_OPCODE_ESA;
70       else if (CONST_STRNEQ (p, "zarch"))
71 	current_arch_mask = 1 << S390_OPCODE_ZARCH;
72       else if (CONST_STRNEQ (p, "insnlength"))
73 	option_use_insn_len_bits_p = 1;
74       else
75 	fprintf (stderr, "Unknown S/390 disassembler option: %s\n", p);
76 
77       p = strchr (p, ',');
78       if (p != NULL)
79 	p++;
80     }
81 }
82 
83 /* Derive the length of an instruction from its first byte.  */
84 
85 static inline int
86 s390_insn_length (const bfd_byte *buffer)
87 {
88   /* 00xxxxxx -> 2, 01xxxxxx/10xxxxxx -> 4, 11xxxxxx -> 6.  */
89   return ((buffer[0] >> 6) + 3) & ~1U;
90 }
91 
92 /* Match the instruction in BUFFER against the given OPCODE, excluding
93    the first byte.  */
94 
95 static inline int
96 s390_insn_matches_opcode (const bfd_byte *buffer,
97 			  const struct s390_opcode *opcode)
98 {
99   return (buffer[1] & opcode->mask[1]) == opcode->opcode[1]
100     && (buffer[2] & opcode->mask[2]) == opcode->opcode[2]
101     && (buffer[3] & opcode->mask[3]) == opcode->opcode[3]
102     && (buffer[4] & opcode->mask[4]) == opcode->opcode[4]
103     && (buffer[5] & opcode->mask[5]) == opcode->opcode[5];
104 }
105 
106 union operand_value
107 {
108   int i;
109   unsigned int u;
110 };
111 
112 /* Extracts an operand value from an instruction.  */
113 /* We do not perform the shift operation for larl-type address
114    operands here since that would lead to an overflow of the 32 bit
115    integer value.  Instead the shift operation is done when printing
116    the operand.  */
117 
118 static inline union operand_value
119 s390_extract_operand (const bfd_byte *insn,
120 		      const struct s390_operand *operand)
121 {
122   union operand_value ret;
123   unsigned int val;
124   int bits;
125   const bfd_byte *orig_insn = insn;
126 
127   /* Extract fragments of the operand byte for byte.  */
128   insn += operand->shift / 8;
129   bits = (operand->shift & 7) + operand->bits;
130   val = 0;
131   do
132     {
133       val <<= 8;
134       val |= (unsigned int) *insn++;
135       bits -= 8;
136     }
137   while (bits > 0);
138   val >>= -bits;
139   val &= ((1U << (operand->bits - 1)) << 1) - 1;
140 
141   /* Check for special long displacement case.  */
142   if (operand->bits == 20 && operand->shift == 20)
143     val = (val & 0xff) << 12 | (val & 0xfff00) >> 8;
144 
145   /* Sign extend value if the operand is signed or pc relative.  Avoid
146      integer overflows.  */
147   if (operand->flags & (S390_OPERAND_SIGNED | S390_OPERAND_PCREL))
148     {
149       unsigned int m = 1U << (operand->bits - 1);
150 
151       if (val >= m)
152 	ret.i = (int) (val - m) - 1 - (int) (m - 1U);
153       else
154 	ret.i = (int) val;
155     }
156   else if (operand->flags & S390_OPERAND_LENGTH)
157     /* Length x in an instruction has real length x + 1.  */
158     ret.u = val + 1;
159 
160   else if (operand->flags & S390_OPERAND_VR)
161     {
162       /* Extract the extra bits for a vector register operand stored
163 	 in the RXB field.  */
164       unsigned vr = operand->shift == 32 ? 3
165 	: (unsigned) operand->shift / 4 - 2;
166 
167       ret.u = val | ((orig_insn[4] & (1 << (3 - vr))) << (vr + 1));
168     }
169   else
170     ret.u = val;
171 
172   return ret;
173 }
174 
175 /* Print the S390 instruction in BUFFER, assuming that it matches the
176    given OPCODE.  */
177 
178 static void
179 s390_print_insn_with_opcode (bfd_vma memaddr,
180 			     struct disassemble_info *info,
181 			     const bfd_byte *buffer,
182 			     const struct s390_opcode *opcode)
183 {
184   const unsigned char *opindex;
185   char separator;
186 
187   /* Mnemonic.  */
188   info->fprintf_func (info->stream, "%s", opcode->name);
189 
190   /* Operands.  */
191   separator = '\t';
192   for (opindex = opcode->operands; *opindex != 0; opindex++)
193     {
194       const struct s390_operand *operand = s390_operands + *opindex;
195       union operand_value val = s390_extract_operand (buffer, operand);
196       unsigned long flags = operand->flags;
197 
198       if ((flags & S390_OPERAND_INDEX) && val.u == 0)
199 	continue;
200       if ((flags & S390_OPERAND_BASE) &&
201 	  val.u == 0 && separator == '(')
202 	{
203 	  separator = ',';
204 	  continue;
205 	}
206 
207       /* For instructions with a last optional operand don't print it
208 	 if zero.  */
209       if ((opcode->flags & S390_INSTR_FLAG_OPTPARM)
210 	  && val.u == 0
211 	  && opindex[1] == 0)
212 	break;
213 
214       if (flags & S390_OPERAND_GPR)
215 	info->fprintf_func (info->stream, "%c%%r%u", separator, val.u);
216       else if (flags & S390_OPERAND_FPR)
217 	info->fprintf_func (info->stream, "%c%%f%u", separator, val.u);
218       else if (flags & S390_OPERAND_VR)
219 	info->fprintf_func (info->stream, "%c%%v%i", separator, val.u);
220       else if (flags & S390_OPERAND_AR)
221 	info->fprintf_func (info->stream, "%c%%a%u", separator, val.u);
222       else if (flags & S390_OPERAND_CR)
223 	info->fprintf_func (info->stream, "%c%%c%u", separator, val.u);
224       else if (flags & S390_OPERAND_PCREL)
225 	{
226 	  info->fprintf_func (info->stream, "%c", separator);
227 	  info->print_address_func (memaddr + val.i + val.i, info);
228 	}
229       else if (flags & S390_OPERAND_SIGNED)
230 	info->fprintf_func (info->stream, "%c%i", separator, val.i);
231       else
232 	{
233 	  if (flags & S390_OPERAND_OR1)
234 	    val.u &= ~1;
235 	  if (flags & S390_OPERAND_OR2)
236 	    val.u &= ~2;
237 	  if (flags & S390_OPERAND_OR8)
238 	    val.u &= ~8;
239 
240 	  if ((opcode->flags & S390_INSTR_FLAG_OPTPARM)
241 	      && val.u == 0
242 	      && opindex[1] == 0)
243 	    break;
244 	  info->fprintf_func (info->stream, "%c%u", separator, val.u);
245 	}
246 
247       if (flags & S390_OPERAND_DISP)
248 	separator = '(';
249       else if (flags & S390_OPERAND_BASE)
250 	{
251 	  info->fprintf_func (info->stream, ")");
252 	  separator = ',';
253 	}
254       else
255 	separator = ',';
256     }
257 }
258 
259 /* Check whether opcode A's mask is more specific than that of B.  */
260 
261 static int
262 opcode_mask_more_specific (const struct s390_opcode *a,
263 			   const struct s390_opcode *b)
264 {
265   return (((int) a->mask[0] + a->mask[1] + a->mask[2]
266 	   + a->mask[3] + a->mask[4] + a->mask[5])
267 	  > ((int) b->mask[0] + b->mask[1] + b->mask[2]
268 	     + b->mask[3] + b->mask[4] + b->mask[5]));
269 }
270 
271 /* Print a S390 instruction.  */
272 
273 int
274 print_insn_s390 (bfd_vma memaddr, struct disassemble_info *info)
275 {
276   bfd_byte buffer[6];
277   const struct s390_opcode *opcode = NULL;
278   unsigned int value;
279   int status, opsize, bufsize, bytes_to_dump, i;
280 
281   /* The output looks better if we put 6 bytes on a line.  */
282   info->bytes_per_line = 6;
283 
284   /* Every S390 instruction is max 6 bytes long.  */
285   memset (buffer, 0, 6);
286   status = info->read_memory_func (memaddr, buffer, 6, info);
287   if (status != 0)
288     {
289       for (bufsize = 0; bufsize < 6; bufsize++)
290 	if (info->read_memory_func (memaddr, buffer, bufsize + 1, info) != 0)
291 	  break;
292       if (bufsize <= 0)
293 	{
294 	  info->memory_error_func (status, memaddr, info);
295 	  return -1;
296 	}
297       opsize = s390_insn_length (buffer);
298       status = opsize > bufsize;
299     }
300   else
301     {
302       bufsize = 6;
303       opsize = s390_insn_length (buffer);
304     }
305 
306   if (status == 0)
307     {
308       const struct s390_opcode *op;
309 
310       /* Find the "best match" in the opcode table.  */
311       for (op = s390_opcodes + opc_index[buffer[0]];
312 	   op != s390_opcodes + s390_num_opcodes
313 	     && op->opcode[0] == buffer[0];
314 	   op++)
315 	{
316 	  if ((op->modes & current_arch_mask)
317 	      && s390_insn_matches_opcode (buffer, op)
318 	      && (opcode == NULL
319 		  || opcode_mask_more_specific (op, opcode)))
320 	    opcode = op;
321 	}
322 
323       if (opcode != NULL)
324 	{
325 	  /* The instruction is valid.  Print it and return its size.  */
326 	  s390_print_insn_with_opcode (memaddr, info, buffer, opcode);
327 	  return opsize;
328 	}
329     }
330 
331   /* For code sections it makes sense to skip unknown instructions
332      according to their length bits.  */
333   if (status == 0
334       && option_use_insn_len_bits_p
335       && info->section != NULL
336       && (info->section->flags & SEC_CODE))
337     bytes_to_dump = opsize;
338   else
339     /* By default unknown instructions are printed as .long's/.short'
340        depending on how many bytes are available.  */
341     bytes_to_dump = bufsize >= 4 ? 4 : bufsize;
342 
343   if (bytes_to_dump == 0)
344     return 0;
345 
346   /* Fall back to hex print.  */
347   switch (bytes_to_dump)
348     {
349     case 4:
350       value = (unsigned int) buffer[0];
351       value = (value << 8) + (unsigned int) buffer[1];
352       value = (value << 8) + (unsigned int) buffer[2];
353       value = (value << 8) + (unsigned int) buffer[3];
354       info->fprintf_func (info->stream, ".long\t0x%08x", value);
355       return 4;
356     case 2:
357       value = (unsigned int) buffer[0];
358       value = (value << 8) + (unsigned int) buffer[1];
359       info->fprintf_func (info->stream, ".short\t0x%04x", value);
360       return 2;
361     default:
362       info->fprintf_func (info->stream, ".byte\t0x%02x",
363 			  (unsigned int) buffer[0]);
364       for (i = 1; i < bytes_to_dump; i++)
365 	info->fprintf_func (info->stream, ",0x%02x",
366 			  (unsigned int) buffer[i]);
367       return bytes_to_dump;
368     }
369   return 0;
370 }
371 
372 const disasm_options_t *
373 disassembler_options_s390 (void)
374 {
375   static disasm_options_t *opts = NULL;
376 
377   if (opts == NULL)
378     {
379       size_t i, num_options = ARRAY_SIZE (options);
380       opts = XNEW (disasm_options_t);
381       opts->name = XNEWVEC (const char *, num_options + 1);
382       opts->description = XNEWVEC (const char *, num_options + 1);
383       for (i = 0; i < num_options; i++)
384 	{
385 	  opts->name[i] = options[i].name;
386 	  opts->description[i] = _(options[i].description);
387 	}
388       /* The array we return must be NULL terminated.  */
389       opts->name[i] = NULL;
390       opts->description[i] = NULL;
391     }
392 
393   return opts;
394 }
395 
396 void
397 print_s390_disassembler_options (FILE *stream)
398 {
399   unsigned int i, max_len = 0;
400   fprintf (stream, _("\n\
401 The following S/390 specific disassembler options are supported for use\n\
402 with the -M switch (multiple options should be separated by commas):\n"));
403 
404   for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE (options); i++)
405     {
406       unsigned int len = strlen (options[i].name);
407       if (max_len < len)
408 	max_len = len;
409     }
410 
411   for (i = 0, max_len++; i < ARRAY_SIZE (options); i++)
412     fprintf (stream, "  %s%*c %s\n",
413 	     options[i].name,
414 	     (int)(max_len - strlen (options[i].name)), ' ',
415 	     _(options[i].description));
416 }
417