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2*d79abf08Smrg<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Memory Based Streams</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, library" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, runtime, library" /><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The GNU C++ Library" /><link rel="up" href="io.html" title="Chapter 13.  Input and Output" /><link rel="prev" href="streambufs.html" title="Stream Buffers" /><link rel="next" href="fstreams.html" title="File Based Streams" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Memory Based Streams</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="streambufs.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 13. 
34fee23f9Smrg  Input and Output
44fee23f9Smrg
548fb7bfaSmrg</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="fstreams.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="std.io.memstreams"></a>Memory Based Streams</h2></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="std.io.memstreams.compat"></a>Compatibility With strstream</h3></div></div></div><p>
64fee23f9Smrg    </p><p>Stringstreams (defined in the header <code class="code">&lt;sstream&gt;</code>)
74fee23f9Smrg      are in this author's opinion one of the coolest things since
84fee23f9Smrg      sliced time.  An example of their use is in the Received Wisdom
948fb7bfaSmrg      section for Sect1 21 (Strings),
1048fb7bfaSmrg      <a class="link" href="strings.html#strings.string.Cstring" title="CString (MFC)"> describing how to
114fee23f9Smrg      format strings</a>.
124fee23f9Smrg   </p><p>The quick definition is:  they are siblings of ifstream and ofstream,
134fee23f9Smrg      and they do for <code class="code">std::string</code> what their siblings do for
144fee23f9Smrg      files.  All that work you put into writing <code class="code">&lt;&lt;</code> and
154fee23f9Smrg      <code class="code">&gt;&gt;</code> functions for your classes now pays off
164fee23f9Smrg      <span class="emphasis"><em>again!</em></span>  Need to format a string before passing the string
174fee23f9Smrg      to a function?  Send your stuff via <code class="code">&lt;&lt;</code> to an
184fee23f9Smrg      ostringstream.  You've read a string as input and need to parse it?
194fee23f9Smrg      Initialize an istringstream with that string, and then pull pieces
204fee23f9Smrg      out of it with <code class="code">&gt;&gt;</code>.  Have a stringstream and need to
214fee23f9Smrg      get a copy of the string inside?  Just call the <code class="code">str()</code>
224fee23f9Smrg      member function.
234fee23f9Smrg   </p><p>This only works if you've written your
244fee23f9Smrg      <code class="code">&lt;&lt;</code>/<code class="code">&gt;&gt;</code> functions correctly, though,
254fee23f9Smrg      and correctly means that they take istreams and ostreams as
264fee23f9Smrg      parameters, not i<span class="emphasis"><em>f</em></span>streams and o<span class="emphasis"><em>f</em></span>streams.  If they
274fee23f9Smrg      take the latter, then your I/O operators will work fine with
284fee23f9Smrg      file streams, but with nothing else -- including stringstreams.
294fee23f9Smrg   </p><p>If you are a user of the strstream classes, you need to update
304fee23f9Smrg      your code.  You don't have to explicitly append <code class="code">ends</code> to
314fee23f9Smrg      terminate the C-style character array, you don't have to mess with
324fee23f9Smrg      "freezing" functions, and you don't have to manage the
334fee23f9Smrg      memory yourself.  The strstreams have been officially deprecated,
344fee23f9Smrg      which means that 1) future revisions of the C++ Standard won't
354fee23f9Smrg      support them, and 2) if you use them, people will laugh at you.
3648fb7bfaSmrg   </p></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="streambufs.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="io.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="fstreams.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Stream Buffers </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> File Based Streams</td></tr></table></div></body></html>