xref: /netbsd-src/external/gpl3/gcc.old/dist/libstdc++-v3/include/std/future (revision 946379e7b37692fc43f68eb0d1c10daa0a7f3b6c)
1// <future> -*- C++ -*-
2
3// Copyright (C) 2009-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4//
5// This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library.  This library is free
6// software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
7// terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
8// Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
9// any later version.
10
11// This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
14// GNU General Public License for more details.
15
16// Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
17// permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
18// 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
19
20// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
21// a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
22// see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively.  If not, see
23// <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
24
25/** @file include/future
26 *  This is a Standard C++ Library header.
27 */
28
29#ifndef _GLIBCXX_FUTURE
30#define _GLIBCXX_FUTURE 1
31
32#pragma GCC system_header
33
34#if __cplusplus < 201103L
35# include <bits/c++0x_warning.h>
36#else
37
38#include <functional>
39#include <mutex>
40#include <thread>
41#include <condition_variable>
42#include <system_error>
43#include <atomic>
44#include <bits/functexcept.h>
45#include <bits/unique_ptr.h>
46#include <bits/shared_ptr.h>
47#include <bits/uses_allocator.h>
48#include <bits/alloc_traits.h>
49
50namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
51{
52_GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
53
54  /**
55   * @defgroup futures Futures
56   * @ingroup concurrency
57   *
58   * Classes for futures support.
59   * @{
60   */
61
62  /// Error code for futures
63  enum class future_errc
64  {
65    future_already_retrieved = 1,
66    promise_already_satisfied,
67    no_state,
68    broken_promise
69  };
70
71  /// Specialization.
72  template<>
73    struct is_error_code_enum<future_errc> : public true_type { };
74
75  /// Points to a statically-allocated object derived from error_category.
76  const error_category&
77  future_category() noexcept;
78
79  /// Overload for make_error_code.
80  inline error_code
81  make_error_code(future_errc __errc) noexcept
82  { return error_code(static_cast<int>(__errc), future_category()); }
83
84  /// Overload for make_error_condition.
85  inline error_condition
86  make_error_condition(future_errc __errc) noexcept
87  { return error_condition(static_cast<int>(__errc), future_category()); }
88
89  /**
90   *  @brief Exception type thrown by futures.
91   *  @ingroup exceptions
92   */
93  class future_error : public logic_error
94  {
95    error_code 			_M_code;
96
97  public:
98    explicit future_error(error_code __ec)
99    : logic_error("std::future_error"), _M_code(__ec)
100    { }
101
102    virtual ~future_error() noexcept;
103
104    virtual const char*
105    what() const noexcept;
106
107    const error_code&
108    code() const noexcept { return _M_code; }
109  };
110
111  // Forward declarations.
112  template<typename _Res>
113    class future;
114
115  template<typename _Res>
116    class shared_future;
117
118  template<typename _Signature>
119    class packaged_task;
120
121  template<typename _Res>
122    class promise;
123
124  /// Launch code for futures
125  enum class launch
126  {
127    async = 1,
128    deferred = 2
129  };
130
131  constexpr launch operator&(launch __x, launch __y)
132  {
133    return static_cast<launch>(
134	static_cast<int>(__x) & static_cast<int>(__y));
135  }
136
137  constexpr launch operator|(launch __x, launch __y)
138  {
139    return static_cast<launch>(
140	static_cast<int>(__x) | static_cast<int>(__y));
141  }
142
143  constexpr launch operator^(launch __x, launch __y)
144  {
145    return static_cast<launch>(
146	static_cast<int>(__x) ^ static_cast<int>(__y));
147  }
148
149  constexpr launch operator~(launch __x)
150  { return static_cast<launch>(~static_cast<int>(__x)); }
151
152  inline launch& operator&=(launch& __x, launch __y)
153  { return __x = __x & __y; }
154
155  inline launch& operator|=(launch& __x, launch __y)
156  { return __x = __x | __y; }
157
158  inline launch& operator^=(launch& __x, launch __y)
159  { return __x = __x ^ __y; }
160
161  /// Status code for futures
162  enum class future_status
163  {
164    ready,
165    timeout,
166    deferred
167  };
168
169  template<typename _Fn, typename... _Args>
170    future<typename result_of<_Fn(_Args...)>::type>
171    async(launch __policy, _Fn&& __fn, _Args&&... __args);
172
173  template<typename _Fn, typename... _Args>
174    future<typename result_of<_Fn(_Args...)>::type>
175    async(_Fn&& __fn, _Args&&... __args);
176
177#if defined(_GLIBCXX_HAS_GTHREADS) && defined(_GLIBCXX_USE_C99_STDINT_TR1) \
178  && (ATOMIC_INT_LOCK_FREE > 1)
179
180  /// Base class and enclosing scope.
181  struct __future_base
182  {
183    /// Base class for results.
184    struct _Result_base
185    {
186      exception_ptr		_M_error;
187
188      _Result_base(const _Result_base&) = delete;
189      _Result_base& operator=(const _Result_base&) = delete;
190
191      // _M_destroy() allows derived classes to control deallocation
192      virtual void _M_destroy() = 0;
193
194      struct _Deleter
195      {
196	void operator()(_Result_base* __fr) const { __fr->_M_destroy(); }
197      };
198
199    protected:
200      _Result_base();
201      virtual ~_Result_base();
202    };
203
204    /// Result.
205    template<typename _Res>
206      struct _Result : _Result_base
207      {
208      private:
209	typedef alignment_of<_Res>				__a_of;
210	typedef aligned_storage<sizeof(_Res), __a_of::value>	__align_storage;
211	typedef typename __align_storage::type			__align_type;
212
213	__align_type		_M_storage;
214	bool 			_M_initialized;
215
216      public:
217	typedef _Res result_type;
218
219	_Result() noexcept : _M_initialized() { }
220
221	~_Result()
222	{
223	  if (_M_initialized)
224	    _M_value().~_Res();
225	}
226
227	// Return lvalue, future will add const or rvalue-reference
228	_Res&
229	_M_value() noexcept { return *static_cast<_Res*>(_M_addr()); }
230
231	void
232	_M_set(const _Res& __res)
233	{
234	  ::new (_M_addr()) _Res(__res);
235	  _M_initialized = true;
236	}
237
238	void
239	_M_set(_Res&& __res)
240	{
241	  ::new (_M_addr()) _Res(std::move(__res));
242	  _M_initialized = true;
243	}
244
245      private:
246	void _M_destroy() { delete this; }
247
248	void* _M_addr() noexcept { return static_cast<void*>(&_M_storage); }
249    };
250
251    /// A unique_ptr based on the instantiating type.
252    template<typename _Res>
253      using _Ptr = unique_ptr<_Res, _Result_base::_Deleter>;
254
255    /// Result_alloc.
256    template<typename _Res, typename _Alloc>
257      struct _Result_alloc final : _Result<_Res>, _Alloc
258      {
259        typedef typename allocator_traits<_Alloc>::template
260          rebind_alloc<_Result_alloc> __allocator_type;
261
262        explicit
263	_Result_alloc(const _Alloc& __a) : _Result<_Res>(), _Alloc(__a)
264        { }
265
266      private:
267	void _M_destroy()
268        {
269	  typedef allocator_traits<__allocator_type> __traits;
270          __allocator_type __a(*this);
271	  __traits::destroy(__a, this);
272	  __traits::deallocate(__a, this, 1);
273        }
274      };
275
276    template<typename _Res, typename _Allocator>
277      static _Ptr<_Result_alloc<_Res, _Allocator>>
278      _S_allocate_result(const _Allocator& __a)
279      {
280        typedef _Result_alloc<_Res, _Allocator>	__result_type;
281	typedef allocator_traits<typename __result_type::__allocator_type>
282	  __traits;
283        typename __traits::allocator_type __a2(__a);
284        __result_type* __p = __traits::allocate(__a2, 1);
285        __try
286	  {
287	    __traits::construct(__a2, __p, __a);
288	  }
289        __catch(...)
290	  {
291	    __traits::deallocate(__a2, __p, 1);
292	    __throw_exception_again;
293	  }
294        return _Ptr<__result_type>(__p);
295      }
296
297    template<typename _Res, typename _Tp>
298      static _Ptr<_Result<_Res>>
299      _S_allocate_result(const std::allocator<_Tp>& __a)
300      {
301	return _Ptr<_Result<_Res>>(new _Result<_Res>);
302      }
303
304    /// Base class for state between a promise and one or more
305    /// associated futures.
306    class _State_base
307    {
308      typedef _Ptr<_Result_base> _Ptr_type;
309
310      _Ptr_type			_M_result;
311      mutex               	_M_mutex;
312      condition_variable  	_M_cond;
313      atomic_flag         	_M_retrieved;
314      once_flag			_M_once;
315
316    public:
317      _State_base() noexcept : _M_result(), _M_retrieved(ATOMIC_FLAG_INIT) { }
318      _State_base(const _State_base&) = delete;
319      _State_base& operator=(const _State_base&) = delete;
320      virtual ~_State_base();
321
322      _Result_base&
323      wait()
324      {
325	_M_run_deferred();
326	unique_lock<mutex> __lock(_M_mutex);
327	_M_cond.wait(__lock, [&] { return _M_ready(); });
328	return *_M_result;
329      }
330
331      template<typename _Rep, typename _Period>
332        future_status
333        wait_for(const chrono::duration<_Rep, _Period>& __rel)
334        {
335	  unique_lock<mutex> __lock(_M_mutex);
336	  if (_M_cond.wait_for(__lock, __rel, [&] { return _M_ready(); }))
337	    return future_status::ready;
338	  return future_status::timeout;
339	}
340
341      template<typename _Clock, typename _Duration>
342        future_status
343        wait_until(const chrono::time_point<_Clock, _Duration>& __abs)
344        {
345	  unique_lock<mutex> __lock(_M_mutex);
346	  if (_M_cond.wait_until(__lock, __abs, [&] { return _M_ready(); }))
347	    return future_status::ready;
348	  return future_status::timeout;
349	}
350
351      void
352      _M_set_result(function<_Ptr_type()> __res, bool __ignore_failure = false)
353      {
354        bool __set = false;
355        // all calls to this function are serialized,
356        // side-effects of invoking __res only happen once
357        call_once(_M_once, &_State_base::_M_do_set, this, ref(__res),
358            ref(__set));
359	if (__set)
360	  _M_cond.notify_all();
361	else if (!__ignore_failure)
362          __throw_future_error(int(future_errc::promise_already_satisfied));
363      }
364
365      void
366      _M_break_promise(_Ptr_type __res)
367      {
368	if (static_cast<bool>(__res))
369	  {
370	    error_code __ec(make_error_code(future_errc::broken_promise));
371	    __res->_M_error = copy_exception(future_error(__ec));
372	    {
373	      lock_guard<mutex> __lock(_M_mutex);
374	      _M_result.swap(__res);
375	    }
376	    _M_cond.notify_all();
377	  }
378      }
379
380      // Called when this object is passed to a future.
381      void
382      _M_set_retrieved_flag()
383      {
384	if (_M_retrieved.test_and_set())
385	  __throw_future_error(int(future_errc::future_already_retrieved));
386      }
387
388      template<typename _Res, typename _Arg>
389        struct _Setter;
390
391      // set lvalues
392      template<typename _Res, typename _Arg>
393        struct _Setter<_Res, _Arg&>
394        {
395          // check this is only used by promise<R>::set_value(const R&)
396          // or promise<R>::set_value(R&)
397          static_assert(is_same<_Res, _Arg&>::value  // promise<R&>
398              || is_same<const _Res, _Arg>::value,  // promise<R>
399              "Invalid specialisation");
400
401          typename promise<_Res>::_Ptr_type operator()()
402          {
403            _State_base::_S_check(_M_promise->_M_future);
404            _M_promise->_M_storage->_M_set(_M_arg);
405            return std::move(_M_promise->_M_storage);
406          }
407          promise<_Res>*    _M_promise;
408          _Arg&             _M_arg;
409        };
410
411      // set rvalues
412      template<typename _Res>
413        struct _Setter<_Res, _Res&&>
414        {
415          typename promise<_Res>::_Ptr_type operator()()
416          {
417            _State_base::_S_check(_M_promise->_M_future);
418            _M_promise->_M_storage->_M_set(std::move(_M_arg));
419            return std::move(_M_promise->_M_storage);
420          }
421          promise<_Res>*    _M_promise;
422          _Res&             _M_arg;
423        };
424
425      struct __exception_ptr_tag { };
426
427      // set exceptions
428      template<typename _Res>
429        struct _Setter<_Res, __exception_ptr_tag>
430        {
431          typename promise<_Res>::_Ptr_type operator()()
432          {
433            _State_base::_S_check(_M_promise->_M_future);
434            _M_promise->_M_storage->_M_error = _M_ex;
435            return std::move(_M_promise->_M_storage);
436          }
437
438          promise<_Res>*   _M_promise;
439          exception_ptr&    _M_ex;
440        };
441
442      template<typename _Res, typename _Arg>
443        static _Setter<_Res, _Arg&&>
444        __setter(promise<_Res>* __prom, _Arg&& __arg)
445        {
446          return _Setter<_Res, _Arg&&>{ __prom, __arg };
447        }
448
449      template<typename _Res>
450        static _Setter<_Res, __exception_ptr_tag>
451        __setter(exception_ptr& __ex, promise<_Res>* __prom)
452        {
453          return _Setter<_Res, __exception_ptr_tag>{ __prom, __ex };
454        }
455
456      static _Setter<void, void>
457      __setter(promise<void>* __prom);
458
459      template<typename _Tp>
460        static void
461        _S_check(const shared_ptr<_Tp>& __p)
462        {
463          if (!static_cast<bool>(__p))
464            __throw_future_error((int)future_errc::no_state);
465        }
466
467    private:
468      void
469      _M_do_set(function<_Ptr_type()>& __f, bool& __set)
470      {
471        _Ptr_type __res = __f();
472        {
473          lock_guard<mutex> __lock(_M_mutex);
474          _M_result.swap(__res);
475        }
476        __set = true;
477      }
478
479      bool _M_ready() const noexcept { return static_cast<bool>(_M_result); }
480
481      // Misnamed: waits for completion of async function.
482      virtual void _M_run_deferred() { }
483    };
484
485    template<typename _BoundFn, typename = typename _BoundFn::result_type>
486      class _Deferred_state;
487
488    class _Async_state_common;
489
490    template<typename _BoundFn, typename = typename _BoundFn::result_type>
491      class _Async_state_impl;
492
493    template<typename _Signature>
494      class _Task_state_base;
495
496    template<typename _Fn, typename _Alloc, typename _Signature>
497      class _Task_state;
498
499    template<typename _BoundFn>
500      static std::shared_ptr<_State_base>
501      _S_make_deferred_state(_BoundFn&& __fn);
502
503    template<typename _BoundFn>
504      static std::shared_ptr<_State_base>
505      _S_make_async_state(_BoundFn&& __fn);
506
507    template<typename _Res_ptr,
508	     typename _Res = typename _Res_ptr::element_type::result_type>
509      struct _Task_setter;
510
511    template<typename _Res_ptr, typename _BoundFn>
512      static _Task_setter<_Res_ptr>
513      _S_task_setter(_Res_ptr& __ptr, _BoundFn&& __call)
514      {
515	return _Task_setter<_Res_ptr>{ __ptr, std::ref(__call) };
516      }
517  };
518
519  /// Partial specialization for reference types.
520  template<typename _Res>
521    struct __future_base::_Result<_Res&> : __future_base::_Result_base
522    {
523      typedef _Res& result_type;
524
525      _Result() noexcept : _M_value_ptr() { }
526
527      void _M_set(_Res& __res) noexcept { _M_value_ptr = &__res; }
528
529      _Res& _M_get() noexcept { return *_M_value_ptr; }
530
531    private:
532      _Res* 			_M_value_ptr;
533
534      void _M_destroy() { delete this; }
535    };
536
537  /// Explicit specialization for void.
538  template<>
539    struct __future_base::_Result<void> : __future_base::_Result_base
540    {
541      typedef void result_type;
542
543    private:
544      void _M_destroy() { delete this; }
545    };
546
547
548  /// Common implementation for future and shared_future.
549  template<typename _Res>
550    class __basic_future : public __future_base
551    {
552    protected:
553      typedef shared_ptr<_State_base>		__state_type;
554      typedef __future_base::_Result<_Res>&	__result_type;
555
556    private:
557      __state_type 		_M_state;
558
559    public:
560      // Disable copying.
561      __basic_future(const __basic_future&) = delete;
562      __basic_future& operator=(const __basic_future&) = delete;
563
564      bool
565      valid() const noexcept { return static_cast<bool>(_M_state); }
566
567      void
568      wait() const
569      {
570        _State_base::_S_check(_M_state);
571        _M_state->wait();
572      }
573
574      template<typename _Rep, typename _Period>
575        future_status
576        wait_for(const chrono::duration<_Rep, _Period>& __rel) const
577        {
578          _State_base::_S_check(_M_state);
579          return _M_state->wait_for(__rel);
580        }
581
582      template<typename _Clock, typename _Duration>
583        future_status
584        wait_until(const chrono::time_point<_Clock, _Duration>& __abs) const
585        {
586          _State_base::_S_check(_M_state);
587          return _M_state->wait_until(__abs);
588        }
589
590    protected:
591      /// Wait for the state to be ready and rethrow any stored exception
592      __result_type
593      _M_get_result() const
594      {
595        _State_base::_S_check(_M_state);
596        _Result_base& __res = _M_state->wait();
597        if (!(__res._M_error == 0))
598          rethrow_exception(__res._M_error);
599        return static_cast<__result_type>(__res);
600      }
601
602      void _M_swap(__basic_future& __that) noexcept
603      {
604        _M_state.swap(__that._M_state);
605      }
606
607      // Construction of a future by promise::get_future()
608      explicit
609      __basic_future(const __state_type& __state) : _M_state(__state)
610      {
611        _State_base::_S_check(_M_state);
612        _M_state->_M_set_retrieved_flag();
613      }
614
615      // Copy construction from a shared_future
616      explicit
617      __basic_future(const shared_future<_Res>&) noexcept;
618
619      // Move construction from a shared_future
620      explicit
621      __basic_future(shared_future<_Res>&&) noexcept;
622
623      // Move construction from a future
624      explicit
625      __basic_future(future<_Res>&&) noexcept;
626
627      constexpr __basic_future() noexcept : _M_state() { }
628
629      struct _Reset
630      {
631        explicit _Reset(__basic_future& __fut) noexcept : _M_fut(__fut) { }
632        ~_Reset() { _M_fut._M_state.reset(); }
633        __basic_future& _M_fut;
634      };
635    };
636
637
638  /// Primary template for future.
639  template<typename _Res>
640    class future : public __basic_future<_Res>
641    {
642      friend class promise<_Res>;
643      template<typename> friend class packaged_task;
644      template<typename _Fn, typename... _Args>
645        friend future<typename result_of<_Fn(_Args...)>::type>
646        async(launch, _Fn&&, _Args&&...);
647
648      typedef __basic_future<_Res> _Base_type;
649      typedef typename _Base_type::__state_type __state_type;
650
651      explicit
652      future(const __state_type& __state) : _Base_type(__state) { }
653
654    public:
655      constexpr future() noexcept : _Base_type() { }
656
657      /// Move constructor
658      future(future&& __uf) noexcept : _Base_type(std::move(__uf)) { }
659
660      // Disable copying
661      future(const future&) = delete;
662      future& operator=(const future&) = delete;
663
664      future& operator=(future&& __fut) noexcept
665      {
666        future(std::move(__fut))._M_swap(*this);
667        return *this;
668      }
669
670      /// Retrieving the value
671      _Res
672      get()
673      {
674        typename _Base_type::_Reset __reset(*this);
675        return std::move(this->_M_get_result()._M_value());
676      }
677
678      shared_future<_Res> share();
679    };
680
681  /// Partial specialization for future<R&>
682  template<typename _Res>
683    class future<_Res&> : public __basic_future<_Res&>
684    {
685      friend class promise<_Res&>;
686      template<typename> friend class packaged_task;
687      template<typename _Fn, typename... _Args>
688        friend future<typename result_of<_Fn(_Args...)>::type>
689        async(launch, _Fn&&, _Args&&...);
690
691      typedef __basic_future<_Res&> _Base_type;
692      typedef typename _Base_type::__state_type __state_type;
693
694      explicit
695      future(const __state_type& __state) : _Base_type(__state) { }
696
697    public:
698      constexpr future() noexcept : _Base_type() { }
699
700      /// Move constructor
701      future(future&& __uf) noexcept : _Base_type(std::move(__uf)) { }
702
703      // Disable copying
704      future(const future&) = delete;
705      future& operator=(const future&) = delete;
706
707      future& operator=(future&& __fut) noexcept
708      {
709        future(std::move(__fut))._M_swap(*this);
710        return *this;
711      }
712
713      /// Retrieving the value
714      _Res&
715      get()
716      {
717        typename _Base_type::_Reset __reset(*this);
718        return this->_M_get_result()._M_get();
719      }
720
721      shared_future<_Res&> share();
722    };
723
724  /// Explicit specialization for future<void>
725  template<>
726    class future<void> : public __basic_future<void>
727    {
728      friend class promise<void>;
729      template<typename> friend class packaged_task;
730      template<typename _Fn, typename... _Args>
731        friend future<typename result_of<_Fn(_Args...)>::type>
732        async(launch, _Fn&&, _Args&&...);
733
734      typedef __basic_future<void> _Base_type;
735      typedef typename _Base_type::__state_type __state_type;
736
737      explicit
738      future(const __state_type& __state) : _Base_type(__state) { }
739
740    public:
741      constexpr future() noexcept : _Base_type() { }
742
743      /// Move constructor
744      future(future&& __uf) noexcept : _Base_type(std::move(__uf)) { }
745
746      // Disable copying
747      future(const future&) = delete;
748      future& operator=(const future&) = delete;
749
750      future& operator=(future&& __fut) noexcept
751      {
752        future(std::move(__fut))._M_swap(*this);
753        return *this;
754      }
755
756      /// Retrieving the value
757      void
758      get()
759      {
760        typename _Base_type::_Reset __reset(*this);
761        this->_M_get_result();
762      }
763
764      shared_future<void> share();
765    };
766
767
768  /// Primary template for shared_future.
769  template<typename _Res>
770    class shared_future : public __basic_future<_Res>
771    {
772      typedef __basic_future<_Res> _Base_type;
773
774    public:
775      constexpr shared_future() noexcept : _Base_type() { }
776
777      /// Copy constructor
778      shared_future(const shared_future& __sf) : _Base_type(__sf) { }
779
780      /// Construct from a future rvalue
781      shared_future(future<_Res>&& __uf) noexcept
782      : _Base_type(std::move(__uf))
783      { }
784
785      /// Construct from a shared_future rvalue
786      shared_future(shared_future&& __sf) noexcept
787      : _Base_type(std::move(__sf))
788      { }
789
790      shared_future& operator=(const shared_future& __sf)
791      {
792        shared_future(__sf)._M_swap(*this);
793        return *this;
794      }
795
796      shared_future& operator=(shared_future&& __sf) noexcept
797      {
798        shared_future(std::move(__sf))._M_swap(*this);
799        return *this;
800      }
801
802      /// Retrieving the value
803      const _Res&
804      get() const { return this->_M_get_result()._M_value(); }
805    };
806
807  /// Partial specialization for shared_future<R&>
808  template<typename _Res>
809    class shared_future<_Res&> : public __basic_future<_Res&>
810    {
811      typedef __basic_future<_Res&>           _Base_type;
812
813    public:
814      constexpr shared_future() noexcept : _Base_type() { }
815
816      /// Copy constructor
817      shared_future(const shared_future& __sf) : _Base_type(__sf) { }
818
819      /// Construct from a future rvalue
820      shared_future(future<_Res&>&& __uf) noexcept
821      : _Base_type(std::move(__uf))
822      { }
823
824      /// Construct from a shared_future rvalue
825      shared_future(shared_future&& __sf) noexcept
826      : _Base_type(std::move(__sf))
827      { }
828
829      shared_future& operator=(const shared_future& __sf)
830      {
831        shared_future(__sf)._M_swap(*this);
832        return *this;
833      }
834
835      shared_future& operator=(shared_future&& __sf) noexcept
836      {
837        shared_future(std::move(__sf))._M_swap(*this);
838        return *this;
839      }
840
841      /// Retrieving the value
842      _Res&
843      get() const { return this->_M_get_result()._M_get(); }
844    };
845
846  /// Explicit specialization for shared_future<void>
847  template<>
848    class shared_future<void> : public __basic_future<void>
849    {
850      typedef __basic_future<void> _Base_type;
851
852    public:
853      constexpr shared_future() noexcept : _Base_type() { }
854
855      /// Copy constructor
856      shared_future(const shared_future& __sf) : _Base_type(__sf) { }
857
858      /// Construct from a future rvalue
859      shared_future(future<void>&& __uf) noexcept
860      : _Base_type(std::move(__uf))
861      { }
862
863      /// Construct from a shared_future rvalue
864      shared_future(shared_future&& __sf) noexcept
865      : _Base_type(std::move(__sf))
866      { }
867
868      shared_future& operator=(const shared_future& __sf)
869      {
870        shared_future(__sf)._M_swap(*this);
871        return *this;
872      }
873
874      shared_future& operator=(shared_future&& __sf) noexcept
875      {
876        shared_future(std::move(__sf))._M_swap(*this);
877        return *this;
878      }
879
880      // Retrieving the value
881      void
882      get() const { this->_M_get_result(); }
883    };
884
885  // Now we can define the protected __basic_future constructors.
886  template<typename _Res>
887    inline __basic_future<_Res>::
888    __basic_future(const shared_future<_Res>& __sf) noexcept
889    : _M_state(__sf._M_state)
890    { }
891
892  template<typename _Res>
893    inline __basic_future<_Res>::
894    __basic_future(shared_future<_Res>&& __sf) noexcept
895    : _M_state(std::move(__sf._M_state))
896    { }
897
898  template<typename _Res>
899    inline __basic_future<_Res>::
900    __basic_future(future<_Res>&& __uf) noexcept
901    : _M_state(std::move(__uf._M_state))
902    { }
903
904  template<typename _Res>
905    inline shared_future<_Res>
906    future<_Res>::share()
907    { return shared_future<_Res>(std::move(*this)); }
908
909  template<typename _Res>
910    inline shared_future<_Res&>
911    future<_Res&>::share()
912    { return shared_future<_Res&>(std::move(*this)); }
913
914  inline shared_future<void>
915  future<void>::share()
916  { return shared_future<void>(std::move(*this)); }
917
918  /// Primary template for promise
919  template<typename _Res>
920    class promise
921    {
922      typedef __future_base::_State_base 	_State;
923      typedef __future_base::_Result<_Res>	_Res_type;
924      typedef __future_base::_Ptr<_Res_type>	_Ptr_type;
925      template<typename, typename> friend class _State::_Setter;
926
927      shared_ptr<_State>                        _M_future;
928      _Ptr_type                                 _M_storage;
929
930    public:
931      promise()
932      : _M_future(std::make_shared<_State>()),
933	_M_storage(new _Res_type())
934      { }
935
936      promise(promise&& __rhs) noexcept
937      : _M_future(std::move(__rhs._M_future)),
938	_M_storage(std::move(__rhs._M_storage))
939      { }
940
941      template<typename _Allocator>
942        promise(allocator_arg_t, const _Allocator& __a)
943        : _M_future(std::allocate_shared<_State>(__a)),
944	  _M_storage(__future_base::_S_allocate_result<_Res>(__a))
945        { }
946
947      template<typename _Allocator>
948        promise(allocator_arg_t, const _Allocator&, promise&& __rhs)
949        : _M_future(std::move(__rhs._M_future)),
950	  _M_storage(std::move(__rhs._M_storage))
951        { }
952
953      promise(const promise&) = delete;
954
955      ~promise()
956      {
957        if (static_cast<bool>(_M_future) && !_M_future.unique())
958          _M_future->_M_break_promise(std::move(_M_storage));
959      }
960
961      // Assignment
962      promise&
963      operator=(promise&& __rhs) noexcept
964      {
965        promise(std::move(__rhs)).swap(*this);
966        return *this;
967      }
968
969      promise& operator=(const promise&) = delete;
970
971      void
972      swap(promise& __rhs) noexcept
973      {
974        _M_future.swap(__rhs._M_future);
975        _M_storage.swap(__rhs._M_storage);
976      }
977
978      // Retrieving the result
979      future<_Res>
980      get_future()
981      { return future<_Res>(_M_future); }
982
983      // Setting the result
984      void
985      set_value(const _Res& __r)
986      {
987	auto __future = _M_future;
988        auto __setter = _State::__setter(this, __r);
989        __future->_M_set_result(std::move(__setter));
990      }
991
992      void
993      set_value(_Res&& __r)
994      {
995	auto __future = _M_future;
996        auto __setter = _State::__setter(this, std::move(__r));
997        __future->_M_set_result(std::move(__setter));
998      }
999
1000      void
1001      set_exception(exception_ptr __p)
1002      {
1003	auto __future = _M_future;
1004        auto __setter = _State::__setter(__p, this);
1005        __future->_M_set_result(std::move(__setter));
1006      }
1007    };
1008
1009  template<typename _Res>
1010    inline void
1011    swap(promise<_Res>& __x, promise<_Res>& __y) noexcept
1012    { __x.swap(__y); }
1013
1014  template<typename _Res, typename _Alloc>
1015    struct uses_allocator<promise<_Res>, _Alloc>
1016    : public true_type { };
1017
1018
1019  /// Partial specialization for promise<R&>
1020  template<typename _Res>
1021    class promise<_Res&>
1022    {
1023      typedef __future_base::_State_base	_State;
1024      typedef __future_base::_Result<_Res&>	_Res_type;
1025      typedef __future_base::_Ptr<_Res_type> 	_Ptr_type;
1026      template<typename, typename> friend class _State::_Setter;
1027
1028      shared_ptr<_State>                        _M_future;
1029      _Ptr_type                                 _M_storage;
1030
1031    public:
1032      promise()
1033      : _M_future(std::make_shared<_State>()),
1034	_M_storage(new _Res_type())
1035      { }
1036
1037      promise(promise&& __rhs) noexcept
1038      : _M_future(std::move(__rhs._M_future)),
1039	_M_storage(std::move(__rhs._M_storage))
1040      { }
1041
1042      template<typename _Allocator>
1043        promise(allocator_arg_t, const _Allocator& __a)
1044        : _M_future(std::allocate_shared<_State>(__a)),
1045	  _M_storage(__future_base::_S_allocate_result<_Res&>(__a))
1046        { }
1047
1048      template<typename _Allocator>
1049        promise(allocator_arg_t, const _Allocator&, promise&& __rhs)
1050        : _M_future(std::move(__rhs._M_future)),
1051	  _M_storage(std::move(__rhs._M_storage))
1052        { }
1053
1054      promise(const promise&) = delete;
1055
1056      ~promise()
1057      {
1058        if (static_cast<bool>(_M_future) && !_M_future.unique())
1059          _M_future->_M_break_promise(std::move(_M_storage));
1060      }
1061
1062      // Assignment
1063      promise&
1064      operator=(promise&& __rhs) noexcept
1065      {
1066        promise(std::move(__rhs)).swap(*this);
1067        return *this;
1068      }
1069
1070      promise& operator=(const promise&) = delete;
1071
1072      void
1073      swap(promise& __rhs) noexcept
1074      {
1075        _M_future.swap(__rhs._M_future);
1076        _M_storage.swap(__rhs._M_storage);
1077      }
1078
1079      // Retrieving the result
1080      future<_Res&>
1081      get_future()
1082      { return future<_Res&>(_M_future); }
1083
1084      // Setting the result
1085      void
1086      set_value(_Res& __r)
1087      {
1088	auto __future = _M_future;
1089        auto __setter = _State::__setter(this, __r);
1090        __future->_M_set_result(std::move(__setter));
1091      }
1092
1093      void
1094      set_exception(exception_ptr __p)
1095      {
1096	auto __future = _M_future;
1097        auto __setter = _State::__setter(__p, this);
1098        __future->_M_set_result(std::move(__setter));
1099      }
1100    };
1101
1102  /// Explicit specialization for promise<void>
1103  template<>
1104    class promise<void>
1105    {
1106      typedef __future_base::_State_base	_State;
1107      typedef __future_base::_Result<void>	_Res_type;
1108      typedef __future_base::_Ptr<_Res_type> 	_Ptr_type;
1109      template<typename, typename> friend class _State::_Setter;
1110
1111      shared_ptr<_State>                        _M_future;
1112      _Ptr_type                                 _M_storage;
1113
1114    public:
1115      promise()
1116      : _M_future(std::make_shared<_State>()),
1117	_M_storage(new _Res_type())
1118      { }
1119
1120      promise(promise&& __rhs) noexcept
1121      : _M_future(std::move(__rhs._M_future)),
1122	_M_storage(std::move(__rhs._M_storage))
1123      { }
1124
1125      template<typename _Allocator>
1126        promise(allocator_arg_t, const _Allocator& __a)
1127        : _M_future(std::allocate_shared<_State>(__a)),
1128	  _M_storage(__future_base::_S_allocate_result<void>(__a))
1129        { }
1130
1131      // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
1132      // 2095.  missing constructors needed for uses-allocator construction
1133      template<typename _Allocator>
1134        promise(allocator_arg_t, const _Allocator&, promise&& __rhs)
1135        : _M_future(std::move(__rhs._M_future)),
1136	  _M_storage(std::move(__rhs._M_storage))
1137        { }
1138
1139      promise(const promise&) = delete;
1140
1141      ~promise()
1142      {
1143        if (static_cast<bool>(_M_future) && !_M_future.unique())
1144          _M_future->_M_break_promise(std::move(_M_storage));
1145      }
1146
1147      // Assignment
1148      promise&
1149      operator=(promise&& __rhs) noexcept
1150      {
1151        promise(std::move(__rhs)).swap(*this);
1152        return *this;
1153      }
1154
1155      promise& operator=(const promise&) = delete;
1156
1157      void
1158      swap(promise& __rhs) noexcept
1159      {
1160        _M_future.swap(__rhs._M_future);
1161        _M_storage.swap(__rhs._M_storage);
1162      }
1163
1164      // Retrieving the result
1165      future<void>
1166      get_future()
1167      { return future<void>(_M_future); }
1168
1169      // Setting the result
1170      void set_value();
1171
1172      void
1173      set_exception(exception_ptr __p)
1174      {
1175	auto __future = _M_future;
1176        auto __setter = _State::__setter(__p, this);
1177        __future->_M_set_result(std::move(__setter));
1178      }
1179    };
1180
1181  // set void
1182  template<>
1183    struct __future_base::_State_base::_Setter<void, void>
1184    {
1185      promise<void>::_Ptr_type operator()()
1186      {
1187        _State_base::_S_check(_M_promise->_M_future);
1188        return std::move(_M_promise->_M_storage);
1189      }
1190
1191      promise<void>*    _M_promise;
1192    };
1193
1194  inline __future_base::_State_base::_Setter<void, void>
1195  __future_base::_State_base::__setter(promise<void>* __prom)
1196  {
1197    return _Setter<void, void>{ __prom };
1198  }
1199
1200  inline void
1201  promise<void>::set_value()
1202  {
1203    auto __future = _M_future;
1204    auto __setter = _State::__setter(this);
1205    __future->_M_set_result(std::move(__setter));
1206  }
1207
1208
1209  template<typename _Ptr_type, typename _Res>
1210    struct __future_base::_Task_setter
1211    {
1212      _Ptr_type operator()()
1213      {
1214	__try
1215	  {
1216	    _M_result->_M_set(_M_fn());
1217	  }
1218	__catch(...)
1219	  {
1220	    _M_result->_M_error = current_exception();
1221	  }
1222	return std::move(_M_result);
1223      }
1224      _Ptr_type&                _M_result;
1225      std::function<_Res()>     _M_fn;
1226    };
1227
1228  template<typename _Ptr_type>
1229    struct __future_base::_Task_setter<_Ptr_type, void>
1230    {
1231      _Ptr_type operator()()
1232      {
1233	__try
1234	  {
1235	    _M_fn();
1236	  }
1237	__catch(...)
1238	  {
1239	    _M_result->_M_error = current_exception();
1240	  }
1241	return std::move(_M_result);
1242      }
1243      _Ptr_type&                _M_result;
1244      std::function<void()>     _M_fn;
1245    };
1246
1247  template<typename _Res, typename... _Args>
1248    struct __future_base::_Task_state_base<_Res(_Args...)>
1249    : __future_base::_State_base
1250    {
1251      typedef _Res _Res_type;
1252
1253      template<typename _Alloc>
1254	_Task_state_base(const _Alloc& __a)
1255	: _M_result(_S_allocate_result<_Res>(__a))
1256	{ }
1257
1258      virtual void
1259      _M_run(_Args... __args) = 0;
1260
1261      virtual shared_ptr<_Task_state_base>
1262      _M_reset() = 0;
1263
1264      typedef __future_base::_Ptr<_Result<_Res>> _Ptr_type;
1265      _Ptr_type _M_result;
1266    };
1267
1268  template<typename _Fn, typename _Alloc, typename _Res, typename... _Args>
1269    struct __future_base::_Task_state<_Fn, _Alloc, _Res(_Args...)> final
1270    : __future_base::_Task_state_base<_Res(_Args...)>
1271    {
1272      template<typename _Fn2>
1273	_Task_state(_Fn2&& __fn, const _Alloc& __a)
1274	: _Task_state_base<_Res(_Args...)>(__a),
1275	  _M_impl(std::forward<_Fn2>(__fn), __a)
1276	{ }
1277
1278    private:
1279      virtual void
1280      _M_run(_Args... __args)
1281      {
1282	// bound arguments decay so wrap lvalue references
1283	auto __boundfn = std::__bind_simple(std::ref(_M_impl._M_fn),
1284	    _S_maybe_wrap_ref(std::forward<_Args>(__args))...);
1285	auto __setter = _S_task_setter(this->_M_result, std::move(__boundfn));
1286	this->_M_set_result(std::move(__setter));
1287      }
1288
1289      virtual shared_ptr<_Task_state_base<_Res(_Args...)>>
1290      _M_reset();
1291
1292      template<typename _Tp>
1293	static reference_wrapper<_Tp>
1294	_S_maybe_wrap_ref(_Tp& __t)
1295	{ return std::ref(__t); }
1296
1297      template<typename _Tp>
1298	static
1299	typename enable_if<!is_lvalue_reference<_Tp>::value, _Tp>::type&&
1300	_S_maybe_wrap_ref(_Tp&& __t)
1301	{ return std::forward<_Tp>(__t); }
1302
1303      struct _Impl : _Alloc
1304      {
1305	template<typename _Fn2>
1306	  _Impl(_Fn2&& __fn, const _Alloc& __a)
1307	  : _Alloc(__a), _M_fn(std::forward<_Fn2>(__fn)) { }
1308	_Fn _M_fn;
1309      } _M_impl;
1310    };
1311
1312  template<typename _Signature, typename _Fn, typename _Alloc>
1313    static shared_ptr<__future_base::_Task_state_base<_Signature>>
1314    __create_task_state(_Fn&& __fn, const _Alloc& __a)
1315    {
1316      typedef typename decay<_Fn>::type _Fn2;
1317      typedef __future_base::_Task_state<_Fn2, _Alloc, _Signature> _State;
1318      return std::allocate_shared<_State>(__a, std::forward<_Fn>(__fn), __a);
1319    }
1320
1321  template<typename _Fn, typename _Alloc, typename _Res, typename... _Args>
1322    shared_ptr<__future_base::_Task_state_base<_Res(_Args...)>>
1323    __future_base::_Task_state<_Fn, _Alloc, _Res(_Args...)>::_M_reset()
1324    {
1325      return __create_task_state<_Res(_Args...)>(std::move(_M_impl._M_fn),
1326						 static_cast<_Alloc&>(_M_impl));
1327    }
1328
1329  template<typename _Task, typename _Fn, bool
1330	   = is_same<_Task, typename decay<_Fn>::type>::value>
1331    struct __constrain_pkgdtask
1332    { typedef void __type; };
1333
1334  template<typename _Task, typename _Fn>
1335    struct __constrain_pkgdtask<_Task, _Fn, true>
1336    { };
1337
1338  /// packaged_task
1339  template<typename _Res, typename... _ArgTypes>
1340    class packaged_task<_Res(_ArgTypes...)>
1341    {
1342      typedef __future_base::_Task_state_base<_Res(_ArgTypes...)> _State_type;
1343      shared_ptr<_State_type>                   _M_state;
1344
1345    public:
1346      // Construction and destruction
1347      packaged_task() noexcept { }
1348
1349      // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
1350      // 2095.  missing constructors needed for uses-allocator construction
1351      template<typename _Allocator>
1352	packaged_task(allocator_arg_t, const _Allocator& __a) noexcept
1353	{ }
1354
1355      template<typename _Fn, typename = typename
1356	       __constrain_pkgdtask<packaged_task, _Fn>::__type>
1357	explicit
1358	packaged_task(_Fn&& __fn)
1359	: packaged_task(allocator_arg, std::allocator<int>(),
1360			std::forward<_Fn>(__fn))
1361	{ }
1362
1363      // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
1364      // 2097.  packaged_task constructors should be constrained
1365      template<typename _Fn, typename _Alloc, typename = typename
1366	       __constrain_pkgdtask<packaged_task, _Fn>::__type>
1367	explicit
1368	packaged_task(allocator_arg_t, const _Alloc& __a, _Fn&& __fn)
1369	: _M_state(__create_task_state<_Res(_ArgTypes...)>(
1370		    std::forward<_Fn>(__fn), __a))
1371	{ }
1372
1373      ~packaged_task()
1374      {
1375        if (static_cast<bool>(_M_state) && !_M_state.unique())
1376	  _M_state->_M_break_promise(std::move(_M_state->_M_result));
1377      }
1378
1379      // No copy
1380      packaged_task(const packaged_task&) = delete;
1381      packaged_task& operator=(const packaged_task&) = delete;
1382
1383      template<typename _Allocator>
1384	packaged_task(allocator_arg_t, const _Allocator&,
1385		      const packaged_task&) = delete;
1386
1387      // Move support
1388      packaged_task(packaged_task&& __other) noexcept
1389      { this->swap(__other); }
1390
1391      template<typename _Allocator>
1392	packaged_task(allocator_arg_t, const _Allocator&,
1393		      packaged_task&& __other) noexcept
1394	{ this->swap(__other); }
1395
1396      packaged_task& operator=(packaged_task&& __other) noexcept
1397      {
1398	packaged_task(std::move(__other)).swap(*this);
1399	return *this;
1400      }
1401
1402      void
1403      swap(packaged_task& __other) noexcept
1404      { _M_state.swap(__other._M_state); }
1405
1406      bool
1407      valid() const noexcept
1408      { return static_cast<bool>(_M_state); }
1409
1410      // Result retrieval
1411      future<_Res>
1412      get_future()
1413      { return future<_Res>(_M_state); }
1414
1415      // Execution
1416      void
1417      operator()(_ArgTypes... __args)
1418      {
1419	__future_base::_State_base::_S_check(_M_state);
1420	auto __state = _M_state;
1421	__state->_M_run(std::forward<_ArgTypes>(__args)...);
1422      }
1423
1424      void
1425      reset()
1426      {
1427	__future_base::_State_base::_S_check(_M_state);
1428	packaged_task __tmp;
1429	__tmp._M_state = _M_state;
1430	_M_state = _M_state->_M_reset();
1431      }
1432    };
1433
1434  /// swap
1435  template<typename _Res, typename... _ArgTypes>
1436    inline void
1437    swap(packaged_task<_Res(_ArgTypes...)>& __x,
1438	 packaged_task<_Res(_ArgTypes...)>& __y) noexcept
1439    { __x.swap(__y); }
1440
1441  template<typename _Res, typename _Alloc>
1442    struct uses_allocator<packaged_task<_Res>, _Alloc>
1443    : public true_type { };
1444
1445
1446  template<typename _BoundFn, typename _Res>
1447    class __future_base::_Deferred_state final
1448    : public __future_base::_State_base
1449    {
1450    public:
1451      explicit
1452      _Deferred_state(_BoundFn&& __fn)
1453      : _M_result(new _Result<_Res>()), _M_fn(std::move(__fn))
1454      { }
1455
1456    private:
1457      typedef __future_base::_Ptr<_Result<_Res>> _Ptr_type;
1458      _Ptr_type _M_result;
1459      _BoundFn _M_fn;
1460
1461      virtual void
1462      _M_run_deferred()
1463      {
1464        // safe to call multiple times so ignore failure
1465        _M_set_result(_S_task_setter(_M_result, _M_fn), true);
1466      }
1467    };
1468
1469  class __future_base::_Async_state_common : public __future_base::_State_base
1470  {
1471  protected:
1472#ifdef _GLIBCXX_ASYNC_ABI_COMPAT
1473    ~_Async_state_common();
1474#else
1475    ~_Async_state_common() = default;
1476#endif
1477
1478    // Allow non-timed waiting functions to block until the thread completes,
1479    // as if joined.
1480    virtual void _M_run_deferred() { _M_join(); }
1481
1482    void _M_join() { std::call_once(_M_once, &thread::join, ref(_M_thread)); }
1483
1484    thread _M_thread;
1485    once_flag _M_once;
1486  };
1487
1488  template<typename _BoundFn, typename _Res>
1489    class __future_base::_Async_state_impl final
1490    : public __future_base::_Async_state_common
1491    {
1492    public:
1493      explicit
1494      _Async_state_impl(_BoundFn&& __fn)
1495      : _M_result(new _Result<_Res>()), _M_fn(std::move(__fn))
1496      {
1497	_M_thread = std::thread{ [this] {
1498	  _M_set_result(_S_task_setter(_M_result, _M_fn));
1499        } };
1500      }
1501
1502      ~_Async_state_impl() { _M_join(); }
1503
1504    private:
1505      typedef __future_base::_Ptr<_Result<_Res>> _Ptr_type;
1506      _Ptr_type _M_result;
1507      _BoundFn _M_fn;
1508    };
1509
1510  template<typename _BoundFn>
1511    inline std::shared_ptr<__future_base::_State_base>
1512    __future_base::_S_make_deferred_state(_BoundFn&& __fn)
1513    {
1514      typedef typename remove_reference<_BoundFn>::type __fn_type;
1515      typedef _Deferred_state<__fn_type> __state_type;
1516      return std::make_shared<__state_type>(std::move(__fn));
1517    }
1518
1519  template<typename _BoundFn>
1520    inline std::shared_ptr<__future_base::_State_base>
1521    __future_base::_S_make_async_state(_BoundFn&& __fn)
1522    {
1523      typedef typename remove_reference<_BoundFn>::type __fn_type;
1524      typedef _Async_state_impl<__fn_type> __state_type;
1525      return std::make_shared<__state_type>(std::move(__fn));
1526    }
1527
1528
1529  /// async
1530  template<typename _Fn, typename... _Args>
1531    future<typename result_of<_Fn(_Args...)>::type>
1532    async(launch __policy, _Fn&& __fn, _Args&&... __args)
1533    {
1534      typedef typename result_of<_Fn(_Args...)>::type result_type;
1535      std::shared_ptr<__future_base::_State_base> __state;
1536      if ((__policy & (launch::async|launch::deferred)) == launch::async)
1537	{
1538	  __state = __future_base::_S_make_async_state(std::__bind_simple(
1539              std::forward<_Fn>(__fn), std::forward<_Args>(__args)...));
1540	}
1541      else
1542	{
1543	  __state = __future_base::_S_make_deferred_state(std::__bind_simple(
1544              std::forward<_Fn>(__fn), std::forward<_Args>(__args)...));
1545	}
1546      return future<result_type>(__state);
1547    }
1548
1549  /// async, potential overload
1550  template<typename _Fn, typename... _Args>
1551    inline future<typename result_of<_Fn(_Args...)>::type>
1552    async(_Fn&& __fn, _Args&&... __args)
1553    {
1554      return async(launch::async|launch::deferred, std::forward<_Fn>(__fn),
1555		   std::forward<_Args>(__args)...);
1556    }
1557
1558#endif // _GLIBCXX_HAS_GTHREADS && _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_STDINT_TR1
1559       // && ATOMIC_INT_LOCK_FREE
1560
1561  // @} group futures
1562_GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION
1563} // namespace
1564
1565#endif // C++11
1566
1567#endif // _GLIBCXX_FUTURE
1568