xref: /netbsd-src/external/gpl3/gcc.old/dist/gcc/cp/cvt.c (revision d90047b5d07facf36e6c01dcc0bded8997ce9cc2)
1 /* Language-level data type conversion for GNU C++.
2    Copyright (C) 1987-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3    Hacked by Michael Tiemann (tiemann@cygnus.com)
4 
5 This file is part of GCC.
6 
7 GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
10 any later version.
11 
12 GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
15 GNU General Public License for more details.
16 
17 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 along with GCC; see the file COPYING3.  If not see
19 <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
20 
21 
22 /* This file contains the functions for converting C++ expressions
23    to different data types.  The only entry point is `convert'.
24    Every language front end must have a `convert' function
25    but what kind of conversions it does will depend on the language.  */
26 
27 #include "config.h"
28 #include "system.h"
29 #include "coretypes.h"
30 #include "target.h"
31 #include "cp-tree.h"
32 #include "stor-layout.h"
33 #include "flags.h"
34 #include "intl.h"
35 #include "convert.h"
36 
37 static tree convert_to_pointer_force (tree, tree, tsubst_flags_t);
38 static tree build_type_conversion (tree, tree);
39 static tree build_up_reference (tree, tree, int, tree, tsubst_flags_t);
40 static void diagnose_ref_binding (location_t, tree, tree, tree);
41 
42 /* Change of width--truncation and extension of integers or reals--
43    is represented with NOP_EXPR.  Proper functioning of many things
44    assumes that no other conversions can be NOP_EXPRs.
45 
46    Conversion between integer and pointer is represented with CONVERT_EXPR.
47    Converting integer to real uses FLOAT_EXPR
48    and real to integer uses FIX_TRUNC_EXPR.
49 
50    Here is a list of all the functions that assume that widening and
51    narrowing is always done with a NOP_EXPR:
52      In convert.c, convert_to_integer[_maybe_fold].
53      In c-typeck.c, build_binary_op_nodefault (boolean ops),
54 	and c_common_truthvalue_conversion.
55      In expr.c: expand_expr, for operands of a MULT_EXPR.
56      In fold-const.c: fold.
57      In tree.c: get_narrower and get_unwidened.
58 
59    C++: in multiple-inheritance, converting between pointers may involve
60    adjusting them by a delta stored within the class definition.  */
61 
62 /* Subroutines of `convert'.  */
63 
64 /* if converting pointer to pointer
65      if dealing with classes, check for derived->base or vice versa
66      else if dealing with method pointers, delegate
67      else convert blindly
68    else if converting class, pass off to build_type_conversion
69    else try C-style pointer conversion.  */
70 
71 static tree
72 cp_convert_to_pointer (tree type, tree expr, bool dofold,
73 		       tsubst_flags_t complain)
74 {
75   tree intype = TREE_TYPE (expr);
76   enum tree_code form;
77   tree rval;
78   location_t loc = EXPR_LOC_OR_LOC (expr, input_location);
79 
80   if (intype == error_mark_node)
81     return error_mark_node;
82 
83   if (MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (intype))
84     {
85       intype = complete_type (intype);
86       if (!COMPLETE_TYPE_P (intype))
87 	{
88 	  if (complain & tf_error)
89 	    error_at (loc, "can%'t convert from incomplete type %qT to %qT",
90 		      intype, type);
91 	  return error_mark_node;
92 	}
93 
94       rval = build_type_conversion (type, expr);
95       if (rval)
96 	{
97 	  if ((complain & tf_error)
98 	      && rval == error_mark_node)
99 	    error_at (loc, "conversion of %qE from %qT to %qT is ambiguous",
100 		      expr, intype, type);
101 	  return rval;
102 	}
103     }
104 
105   /* Handle anachronistic conversions from (::*)() to cv void* or (*)().  */
106   if (TYPE_PTR_P (type)
107       && (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (type)) == FUNCTION_TYPE
108 	  || VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (type))))
109     {
110       if (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (intype)
111 	  || TREE_CODE (intype) == METHOD_TYPE)
112 	return convert_member_func_to_ptr (type, expr, complain);
113       if (TYPE_PTR_P (TREE_TYPE (expr)))
114 	return build_nop (type, expr);
115       intype = TREE_TYPE (expr);
116     }
117 
118   if (expr == error_mark_node)
119     return error_mark_node;
120 
121   form = TREE_CODE (intype);
122 
123   if (POINTER_TYPE_P (intype))
124     {
125       intype = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (intype);
126 
127       if (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (type) != intype
128 	  && TYPE_PTR_P (type)
129 	  && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (type)) == RECORD_TYPE
130 	  && MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (type))
131 	  && MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (intype))
132 	  && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (intype)) == RECORD_TYPE)
133 	{
134 	  enum tree_code code = PLUS_EXPR;
135 	  tree binfo;
136 	  tree intype_class;
137 	  tree type_class;
138 	  bool same_p;
139 
140 	  intype_class = TREE_TYPE (intype);
141 	  type_class = TREE_TYPE (type);
142 
143 	  same_p = same_type_p (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (intype_class),
144 				TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (type_class));
145 	  binfo = NULL_TREE;
146 	  /* Try derived to base conversion.  */
147 	  if (!same_p)
148 	    binfo = lookup_base (intype_class, type_class, ba_check,
149 				 NULL, complain);
150 	  if (!same_p && !binfo)
151 	    {
152 	      /* Try base to derived conversion.  */
153 	      binfo = lookup_base (type_class, intype_class, ba_check,
154 				   NULL, complain);
155 	      code = MINUS_EXPR;
156 	    }
157 	  if (binfo == error_mark_node)
158 	    return error_mark_node;
159 	  if (binfo || same_p)
160 	    {
161 	      if (binfo)
162 		expr = build_base_path (code, expr, binfo, 0, complain);
163 	      /* Add any qualifier conversions.  */
164 	      return build_nop (type, expr);
165 	    }
166 	}
167 
168       if (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (type))
169 	{
170 	  if (complain & tf_error)
171 	    error_at (loc, "cannot convert %qE from type %qT to type %qT",
172 		      expr, intype, type);
173 	  return error_mark_node;
174 	}
175 
176       return build_nop (type, expr);
177     }
178   else if ((TYPE_PTRDATAMEM_P (type) && TYPE_PTRDATAMEM_P (intype))
179 	   || (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (type) && TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (intype)))
180     return convert_ptrmem (type, expr, /*allow_inverse_p=*/false,
181 			   /*c_cast_p=*/false, complain);
182   else if (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (intype))
183     {
184       if (!warn_pmf2ptr)
185 	{
186 	  if (TREE_CODE (expr) == PTRMEM_CST)
187 	    return cp_convert_to_pointer (type, PTRMEM_CST_MEMBER (expr),
188 					  dofold, complain);
189 	  else if (TREE_CODE (expr) == OFFSET_REF)
190 	    {
191 	      tree object = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
192 	      return get_member_function_from_ptrfunc (&object,
193 						       TREE_OPERAND (expr, 1),
194 						       complain);
195 	    }
196 	}
197       if (complain & tf_error)
198 	error_at (loc, "cannot convert %qE from type %qT to type %qT",
199 		  expr, intype, type);
200       return error_mark_node;
201     }
202 
203   if (null_ptr_cst_p (expr))
204     {
205       if (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (type))
206 	return build_ptrmemfunc (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_FN_TYPE (type), expr, 0,
207 				 /*c_cast_p=*/false, complain);
208 
209       if (complain & tf_warning)
210 	maybe_warn_zero_as_null_pointer_constant (expr, loc);
211 
212       /* A NULL pointer-to-data-member is represented by -1, not by
213 	 zero.  */
214       tree val = (TYPE_PTRDATAMEM_P (type)
215 		  ? build_int_cst_type (type, -1)
216 		  : build_int_cst (type, 0));
217 
218       return (TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (expr)
219 	      ? build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR, type, expr, val) : val);
220     }
221   else if (TYPE_PTRMEM_P (type) && INTEGRAL_CODE_P (form))
222     {
223       if (complain & tf_error)
224 	error_at (loc, "invalid conversion from %qT to %qT", intype, type);
225       return error_mark_node;
226     }
227 
228   if (INTEGRAL_CODE_P (form))
229     {
230       if (TYPE_PRECISION (intype) == POINTER_SIZE)
231 	return build1 (CONVERT_EXPR, type, expr);
232       expr = cp_convert (c_common_type_for_size (POINTER_SIZE, 0), expr,
233 			 complain);
234       /* Modes may be different but sizes should be the same.  There
235 	 is supposed to be some integral type that is the same width
236 	 as a pointer.  */
237       gcc_assert (GET_MODE_SIZE (TYPE_MODE (TREE_TYPE (expr)))
238 		  == GET_MODE_SIZE (TYPE_MODE (type)));
239 
240       return convert_to_pointer_maybe_fold (type, expr, dofold);
241     }
242 
243   if (type_unknown_p (expr))
244     return instantiate_type (type, expr, complain);
245 
246   if (complain & tf_error)
247     error_at (loc, "cannot convert %qE from type %qT to type %qT",
248 	      expr, intype, type);
249   return error_mark_node;
250 }
251 
252 /* Like convert, except permit conversions to take place which
253    are not normally allowed due to access restrictions
254    (such as conversion from sub-type to private super-type).  */
255 
256 static tree
257 convert_to_pointer_force (tree type, tree expr, tsubst_flags_t complain)
258 {
259   tree intype = TREE_TYPE (expr);
260   enum tree_code form = TREE_CODE (intype);
261 
262   if (form == POINTER_TYPE)
263     {
264       intype = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (intype);
265 
266       if (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (type) != intype
267 	  && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (type)) == RECORD_TYPE
268 	  && MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (type))
269 	  && MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (intype))
270 	  && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (intype)) == RECORD_TYPE)
271 	{
272 	  enum tree_code code = PLUS_EXPR;
273 	  tree binfo;
274 
275 	  binfo = lookup_base (TREE_TYPE (intype), TREE_TYPE (type),
276 			       ba_unique, NULL, complain);
277 	  if (!binfo)
278 	    {
279 	      binfo = lookup_base (TREE_TYPE (type), TREE_TYPE (intype),
280 				   ba_unique, NULL, complain);
281 	      code = MINUS_EXPR;
282 	    }
283 	  if (binfo == error_mark_node)
284 	    return error_mark_node;
285 	  if (binfo)
286 	    {
287 	      expr = build_base_path (code, expr, binfo, 0, complain);
288 	      if (expr == error_mark_node)
289 		 return error_mark_node;
290 	      /* Add any qualifier conversions.  */
291 	      if (!same_type_p (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (expr)),
292 				TREE_TYPE (type)))
293 		expr = build_nop (type, expr);
294 	      return expr;
295 	    }
296 	}
297     }
298 
299   return cp_convert_to_pointer (type, expr, /*fold*/false, complain);
300 }
301 
302 /* We are passing something to a function which requires a reference.
303    The type we are interested in is in TYPE. The initial
304    value we have to begin with is in ARG.
305 
306    FLAGS controls how we manage access checking.
307    DIRECT_BIND in FLAGS controls how any temporaries are generated.
308      If DIRECT_BIND is set, DECL is the reference we're binding to.  */
309 
310 static tree
311 build_up_reference (tree type, tree arg, int flags, tree decl,
312 		    tsubst_flags_t complain)
313 {
314   tree rval;
315   tree argtype = TREE_TYPE (arg);
316   tree target_type = TREE_TYPE (type);
317 
318   gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (type) == REFERENCE_TYPE);
319 
320   if ((flags & DIRECT_BIND) && ! lvalue_p (arg))
321     {
322       /* Create a new temporary variable.  We can't just use a TARGET_EXPR
323 	 here because it needs to live as long as DECL.  */
324       tree targ = arg;
325 
326       arg = make_temporary_var_for_ref_to_temp (decl, target_type);
327 
328       /* Process the initializer for the declaration.  */
329       DECL_INITIAL (arg) = targ;
330       cp_finish_decl (arg, targ, /*init_const_expr_p=*/false, NULL_TREE,
331 		      LOOKUP_ONLYCONVERTING|DIRECT_BIND);
332     }
333   else if (!(flags & DIRECT_BIND) && ! obvalue_p (arg))
334     return get_target_expr_sfinae (arg, complain);
335 
336   /* If we had a way to wrap this up, and say, if we ever needed its
337      address, transform all occurrences of the register, into a memory
338      reference we could win better.  */
339   rval = cp_build_addr_expr (arg, complain);
340   if (rval == error_mark_node)
341     return error_mark_node;
342 
343   if ((flags & LOOKUP_PROTECT)
344       && TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (argtype) != TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (target_type)
345       && MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (argtype)
346       && MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (target_type))
347     {
348       /* We go through lookup_base for the access control.  */
349       tree binfo = lookup_base (argtype, target_type, ba_check,
350 				NULL, complain);
351       if (binfo == error_mark_node)
352 	return error_mark_node;
353       if (binfo == NULL_TREE)
354 	return error_not_base_type (target_type, argtype);
355       rval = build_base_path (PLUS_EXPR, rval, binfo, 1, complain);
356     }
357   else
358     rval
359       = convert_to_pointer_force (build_pointer_type (target_type),
360 				  rval, complain);
361   return build_nop (type, rval);
362 }
363 
364 /* Subroutine of convert_to_reference. REFTYPE is the target reference type.
365    INTYPE is the original rvalue type and DECL is an optional _DECL node
366    for diagnostics.
367 
368    [dcl.init.ref] says that if an rvalue is used to
369    initialize a reference, then the reference must be to a
370    non-volatile const type.  */
371 
372 static void
373 diagnose_ref_binding (location_t loc, tree reftype, tree intype, tree decl)
374 {
375   tree ttl = TREE_TYPE (reftype);
376 
377   if (!CP_TYPE_CONST_NON_VOLATILE_P (ttl))
378     {
379       const char *msg;
380 
381       if (CP_TYPE_VOLATILE_P (ttl) && decl)
382 	msg = G_("initialization of volatile reference type %q#T from "
383 	         "rvalue of type %qT");
384       else if (CP_TYPE_VOLATILE_P (ttl))
385 	msg = G_("conversion to volatile reference type %q#T "
386 	         "from rvalue of type %qT");
387       else if (decl)
388 	msg = G_("initialization of non-const reference type %q#T from "
389 	         "rvalue of type %qT");
390       else
391 	msg = G_("conversion to non-const reference type %q#T from "
392 	         "rvalue of type %qT");
393 
394       permerror (loc, msg, reftype, intype);
395     }
396 }
397 
398 /* For C++: Only need to do one-level references, but cannot
399    get tripped up on signed/unsigned differences.
400 
401    DECL is either NULL_TREE or the _DECL node for a reference that is being
402    initialized.  It can be error_mark_node if we don't know the _DECL but
403    we know it's an initialization.  */
404 
405 tree
406 convert_to_reference (tree reftype, tree expr, int convtype,
407 		      int flags, tree decl, tsubst_flags_t complain)
408 {
409   tree type = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (TREE_TYPE (reftype));
410   tree intype;
411   tree rval = NULL_TREE;
412   tree rval_as_conversion = NULL_TREE;
413   bool can_convert_intype_to_type;
414   location_t loc = EXPR_LOC_OR_LOC (expr, input_location);
415 
416   if (TREE_CODE (type) == FUNCTION_TYPE
417       && TREE_TYPE (expr) == unknown_type_node)
418     expr = instantiate_type (type, expr, complain);
419 
420   if (expr == error_mark_node)
421     return error_mark_node;
422 
423   intype = TREE_TYPE (expr);
424 
425   gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (intype) != REFERENCE_TYPE);
426   gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (reftype) == REFERENCE_TYPE);
427 
428   intype = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (intype);
429 
430   can_convert_intype_to_type = can_convert_standard (type, intype, complain);
431 
432   if (!can_convert_intype_to_type
433       && (convtype & CONV_IMPLICIT) && MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (intype)
434       && ! (flags & LOOKUP_NO_CONVERSION))
435     {
436       /* Look for a user-defined conversion to lvalue that we can use.  */
437 
438       rval_as_conversion
439 	= build_type_conversion (reftype, expr);
440 
441       if (rval_as_conversion && rval_as_conversion != error_mark_node
442 	  && lvalue_p (rval_as_conversion))
443 	{
444 	  expr = rval_as_conversion;
445 	  rval_as_conversion = NULL_TREE;
446 	  intype = type;
447 	  can_convert_intype_to_type = 1;
448 	}
449     }
450 
451   if (((convtype & CONV_STATIC)
452        && can_convert_standard (intype, type, complain))
453       || ((convtype & CONV_IMPLICIT) && can_convert_intype_to_type))
454     {
455       {
456 	tree ttl = TREE_TYPE (reftype);
457 	tree ttr = lvalue_type (expr);
458 
459 	if ((complain & tf_error)
460 	    && ! lvalue_p (expr))
461 	  diagnose_ref_binding (loc, reftype, intype, decl);
462 
463 	if (! (convtype & CONV_CONST)
464 	    && !at_least_as_qualified_p (ttl, ttr))
465 	  {
466 	    if (complain & tf_error)
467 	      permerror (loc, "conversion from %qT to %qT discards qualifiers",
468 			 ttr, reftype);
469 	    else
470 	      return error_mark_node;
471 	  }
472       }
473 
474       return build_up_reference (reftype, expr, flags, decl, complain);
475     }
476   else if ((convtype & CONV_REINTERPRET) && obvalue_p (expr))
477     {
478       /* When casting an lvalue to a reference type, just convert into
479 	 a pointer to the new type and deference it.  This is allowed
480 	 by San Diego WP section 5.2.9 paragraph 12, though perhaps it
481 	 should be done directly (jason).  (int &)ri ---> *(int*)&ri */
482 
483       /* B* bp; A& ar = (A&)bp; is valid, but it's probably not what they
484 	 meant.  */
485       if ((complain & tf_warning)
486 	  && TYPE_PTR_P (intype)
487 	  && (comptypes (TREE_TYPE (intype), type,
488 			 COMPARE_BASE | COMPARE_DERIVED)))
489 	warning_at (loc, 0, "casting %qT to %qT does not dereference pointer",
490 		    intype, reftype);
491 
492       rval = cp_build_addr_expr (expr, complain);
493       if (rval != error_mark_node)
494 	rval = convert_force (build_pointer_type (TREE_TYPE (reftype)),
495 			      rval, 0, complain);
496       if (rval != error_mark_node)
497 	rval = build1 (NOP_EXPR, reftype, rval);
498     }
499   else
500     {
501       rval = convert_for_initialization (NULL_TREE, type, expr, flags,
502 					 ICR_CONVERTING, 0, 0, complain);
503       if (rval == NULL_TREE || rval == error_mark_node)
504 	return rval;
505       if (complain & tf_error)
506 	diagnose_ref_binding (loc, reftype, intype, decl);
507       rval = build_up_reference (reftype, rval, flags, decl, complain);
508     }
509 
510   if (rval)
511     {
512       /* If we found a way to convert earlier, then use it.  */
513       return rval;
514     }
515 
516   if (complain & tf_error)
517     error_at (loc, "cannot convert type %qT to type %qT", intype, reftype);
518 
519   return error_mark_node;
520 }
521 
522 /* We are using a reference VAL for its value. Bash that reference all the
523    way down to its lowest form.  */
524 
525 tree
526 convert_from_reference (tree val)
527 {
528   if (TREE_TYPE (val)
529       && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (val)) == REFERENCE_TYPE)
530     {
531       tree t = TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (val));
532       tree ref = build1 (INDIRECT_REF, t, val);
533 
534       mark_exp_read (val);
535        /* We *must* set TREE_READONLY when dereferencing a pointer to const,
536 	  so that we get the proper error message if the result is used
537 	  to assign to.  Also, &* is supposed to be a no-op.  */
538       TREE_READONLY (ref) = CP_TYPE_CONST_P (t);
539       TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (ref) = CP_TYPE_VOLATILE_P (t);
540       TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (ref)
541 	= (TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (ref) || TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (val));
542       val = ref;
543     }
544 
545   return val;
546 }
547 
548 /* Really perform an lvalue-to-rvalue conversion, including copying an
549    argument of class type into a temporary.  */
550 
551 tree
552 force_rvalue (tree expr, tsubst_flags_t complain)
553 {
554   tree type = TREE_TYPE (expr);
555   if (MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (type) && TREE_CODE (expr) != TARGET_EXPR)
556     {
557       vec<tree, va_gc> *args = make_tree_vector_single (expr);
558       expr = build_special_member_call (NULL_TREE, complete_ctor_identifier,
559 					&args, type, LOOKUP_NORMAL, complain);
560       release_tree_vector (args);
561       expr = build_cplus_new (type, expr, complain);
562     }
563   else
564     expr = decay_conversion (expr, complain);
565 
566   return expr;
567 }
568 
569 
570 /* If EXPR and ORIG are INTEGER_CSTs, return a version of EXPR that has
571    TREE_OVERFLOW set only if it is set in ORIG.  Otherwise, return EXPR
572    unchanged.  */
573 
574 static tree
575 ignore_overflows (tree expr, tree orig)
576 {
577   if (TREE_CODE (expr) == INTEGER_CST
578       && TREE_CODE (orig) == INTEGER_CST
579       && TREE_OVERFLOW (expr) != TREE_OVERFLOW (orig))
580     {
581       gcc_assert (!TREE_OVERFLOW (orig));
582       /* Ensure constant sharing.  */
583       expr = wide_int_to_tree (TREE_TYPE (expr), expr);
584     }
585   return expr;
586 }
587 
588 /* Fold away simple conversions, but make sure TREE_OVERFLOW is set
589    properly.  */
590 
591 tree
592 cp_fold_convert (tree type, tree expr)
593 {
594   tree conv;
595   if (TREE_TYPE (expr) == type)
596     conv = expr;
597   else if (TREE_CODE (expr) == PTRMEM_CST)
598     {
599       /* Avoid wrapping a PTRMEM_CST in NOP_EXPR.  */
600       conv = copy_node (expr);
601       TREE_TYPE (conv) = type;
602     }
603   else
604     {
605       conv = fold_convert (type, expr);
606       conv = ignore_overflows (conv, expr);
607     }
608   return conv;
609 }
610 
611 /* C++ conversions, preference to static cast conversions.  */
612 
613 tree
614 cp_convert (tree type, tree expr, tsubst_flags_t complain)
615 {
616   return ocp_convert (type, expr, CONV_OLD_CONVERT, LOOKUP_NORMAL, complain);
617 }
618 
619 /* C++ equivalent of convert_and_check but using cp_convert as the
620    conversion function.
621 
622    Convert EXPR to TYPE, warning about conversion problems with constants.
623    Invoke this function on every expression that is converted implicitly,
624    i.e. because of language rules and not because of an explicit cast.  */
625 
626 tree
627 cp_convert_and_check (tree type, tree expr, tsubst_flags_t complain)
628 {
629   tree result;
630 
631   if (TREE_TYPE (expr) == type)
632     return expr;
633   if (expr == error_mark_node)
634     return expr;
635   result = cp_convert (type, expr, complain);
636 
637   if ((complain & tf_warning)
638       && c_inhibit_evaluation_warnings == 0)
639     {
640       tree folded = cp_fully_fold (expr);
641       tree folded_result;
642       if (folded == expr)
643 	folded_result = result;
644       else
645 	{
646 	  /* Avoid bogus -Wparentheses warnings.  */
647 	  warning_sentinel w (warn_parentheses);
648 	  warning_sentinel c (warn_int_in_bool_context);
649 	  folded_result = cp_convert (type, folded, tf_none);
650 	}
651       folded_result = fold_simple (folded_result);
652       if (!TREE_OVERFLOW_P (folded)
653 	  && folded_result != error_mark_node)
654 	warnings_for_convert_and_check (EXPR_LOC_OR_LOC (expr, input_location),
655 					type, folded, folded_result);
656     }
657 
658   return result;
659 }
660 
661 /* Conversion...
662 
663    FLAGS indicates how we should behave.  */
664 
665 tree
666 ocp_convert (tree type, tree expr, int convtype, int flags,
667 	     tsubst_flags_t complain)
668 {
669   tree e = expr;
670   enum tree_code code = TREE_CODE (type);
671   const char *invalid_conv_diag;
672   tree e1;
673   location_t loc = EXPR_LOC_OR_LOC (expr, input_location);
674   bool dofold = (convtype & CONV_FOLD);
675 
676   if (error_operand_p (e) || type == error_mark_node)
677     return error_mark_node;
678 
679   complete_type (type);
680   complete_type (TREE_TYPE (expr));
681 
682   if ((invalid_conv_diag
683        = targetm.invalid_conversion (TREE_TYPE (expr), type)))
684     {
685       if (complain & tf_error)
686 	error (invalid_conv_diag);
687       return error_mark_node;
688     }
689 
690   /* FIXME remove when moving to c_fully_fold model.  */
691   if (!CLASS_TYPE_P (type))
692     e = scalar_constant_value (e);
693   if (error_operand_p (e))
694     return error_mark_node;
695 
696   if (MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (type) && (convtype & CONV_FORCE_TEMP))
697     /* We need a new temporary; don't take this shortcut.  */;
698   else if (same_type_ignoring_top_level_qualifiers_p (type, TREE_TYPE (e)))
699     {
700       if (same_type_p (type, TREE_TYPE (e)))
701 	/* The call to fold will not always remove the NOP_EXPR as
702 	   might be expected, since if one of the types is a typedef;
703 	   the comparison in fold is just equality of pointers, not a
704 	   call to comptypes.  We don't call fold in this case because
705 	   that can result in infinite recursion; fold will call
706 	   convert, which will call ocp_convert, etc.  */
707 	return e;
708       /* For complex data types, we need to perform componentwise
709 	 conversion.  */
710       else if (TREE_CODE (type) == COMPLEX_TYPE)
711 	return convert_to_complex_maybe_fold (type, e, dofold);
712       else if (VECTOR_TYPE_P (type))
713 	return convert_to_vector (type, e);
714       else if (TREE_CODE (e) == TARGET_EXPR)
715 	{
716 	  /* Don't build a NOP_EXPR of class type.  Instead, change the
717 	     type of the temporary.  */
718 	  TREE_TYPE (e) = TREE_TYPE (TARGET_EXPR_SLOT (e)) = type;
719 	  return e;
720 	}
721       else
722 	{
723 	  /* We shouldn't be treating objects of ADDRESSABLE type as
724 	     rvalues.  */
725 	  gcc_assert (!TREE_ADDRESSABLE (type));
726 	  return build_nop (type, e);
727 	}
728     }
729 
730   e1 = targetm.convert_to_type (type, e);
731   if (e1)
732     return e1;
733 
734   if (code == VOID_TYPE && (convtype & CONV_STATIC))
735     {
736       e = convert_to_void (e, ICV_CAST, complain);
737       return e;
738     }
739 
740   if (INTEGRAL_CODE_P (code))
741     {
742       tree intype = TREE_TYPE (e);
743       tree converted;
744 
745       if (TREE_CODE (type) == ENUMERAL_TYPE)
746 	{
747 	  /* enum = enum, enum = int, enum = float, (enum)pointer are all
748 	     errors.  */
749 	  if (((INTEGRAL_OR_ENUMERATION_TYPE_P (intype)
750 		|| TREE_CODE (intype) == REAL_TYPE)
751 	       && ! (convtype & CONV_STATIC))
752 	      || TYPE_PTR_P (intype))
753 	    {
754 	      if (complain & tf_error)
755 		permerror (loc, "conversion from %q#T to %q#T", intype, type);
756 	      else
757 		return error_mark_node;
758 	    }
759 
760 	  /* [expr.static.cast]
761 
762 	     8. A value of integral or enumeration type can be explicitly
763 	     converted to an enumeration type. The value is unchanged if
764 	     the original value is within the range of the enumeration
765 	     values. Otherwise, the resulting enumeration value is
766 	     unspecified.  */
767 	  if ((complain & tf_warning)
768 	      && TREE_CODE (e) == INTEGER_CST
769 	      && ENUM_UNDERLYING_TYPE (type)
770 	      && !int_fits_type_p (e, ENUM_UNDERLYING_TYPE (type)))
771 	    warning_at (loc, OPT_Wconversion,
772 			"the result of the conversion is unspecified because "
773 			"%qE is outside the range of type %qT",
774 			expr, type);
775 	}
776       if (MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (intype))
777 	{
778 	  tree rval;
779 	  rval = build_type_conversion (type, e);
780 	  if (rval)
781 	    return rval;
782 	  if (complain & tf_error)
783 	    error_at (loc, "%q#T used where a %qT was expected", intype, type);
784 	  return error_mark_node;
785 	}
786       if (code == BOOLEAN_TYPE)
787 	{
788 	  if (VOID_TYPE_P (intype))
789 	    {
790 	      if (complain & tf_error)
791 		error_at (loc,
792 			  "could not convert %qE from %<void%> to %<bool%>",
793 			  expr);
794 	      return error_mark_node;
795 	    }
796 
797 	  /* We can't implicitly convert a scoped enum to bool, so convert
798 	     to the underlying type first.  */
799 	  if (SCOPED_ENUM_P (intype) && (convtype & CONV_STATIC))
800 	    e = build_nop (ENUM_UNDERLYING_TYPE (intype), e);
801 	  if (complain & tf_warning)
802 	    return cp_truthvalue_conversion (e);
803 	  else
804 	    {
805 	      /* Prevent bogus -Wint-in-bool-context warnings coming
806 		 from c_common_truthvalue_conversion down the line.  */
807 	      warning_sentinel w (warn_int_in_bool_context);
808 	      return cp_truthvalue_conversion (e);
809 	    }
810 	}
811 
812       converted = convert_to_integer_maybe_fold (type, e, dofold);
813 
814       /* Ignore any integer overflow caused by the conversion.  */
815       return ignore_overflows (converted, e);
816     }
817   if (NULLPTR_TYPE_P (type) && e && null_ptr_cst_p (e))
818     {
819       if (complain & tf_warning)
820 	maybe_warn_zero_as_null_pointer_constant (e, loc);
821       return nullptr_node;
822     }
823   if (POINTER_TYPE_P (type) || TYPE_PTRMEM_P (type))
824     return cp_convert_to_pointer (type, e, dofold, complain);
825   if (code == VECTOR_TYPE)
826     {
827       tree in_vtype = TREE_TYPE (e);
828       if (MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (in_vtype))
829 	{
830 	  tree ret_val;
831 	  ret_val = build_type_conversion (type, e);
832 	  if (ret_val)
833 	    return ret_val;
834 	  if (complain & tf_error)
835 	    error_at (loc, "%q#T used where a %qT was expected",
836 		      in_vtype, type);
837 	  return error_mark_node;
838 	}
839       return convert_to_vector (type, e);
840     }
841   if (code == REAL_TYPE || code == COMPLEX_TYPE)
842     {
843       if (MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (e)))
844 	{
845 	  tree rval;
846 	  rval = build_type_conversion (type, e);
847 	  if (rval)
848 	    return rval;
849 	  else if (complain & tf_error)
850 	    error_at (loc,
851 		      "%q#T used where a floating point value was expected",
852 		      TREE_TYPE (e));
853 	}
854       if (code == REAL_TYPE)
855 	return convert_to_real_maybe_fold (type, e, dofold);
856       else if (code == COMPLEX_TYPE)
857 	return convert_to_complex_maybe_fold (type, e, dofold);
858     }
859 
860   /* New C++ semantics:  since assignment is now based on
861      memberwise copying,  if the rhs type is derived from the
862      lhs type, then we may still do a conversion.  */
863   if (RECORD_OR_UNION_CODE_P (code))
864     {
865       tree dtype = TREE_TYPE (e);
866       tree ctor = NULL_TREE;
867 
868       dtype = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (dtype);
869 
870       /* Conversion between aggregate types.  New C++ semantics allow
871 	 objects of derived type to be cast to objects of base type.
872 	 Old semantics only allowed this between pointers.
873 
874 	 There may be some ambiguity between using a constructor
875 	 vs. using a type conversion operator when both apply.  */
876 
877       ctor = e;
878 
879       if (abstract_virtuals_error_sfinae (NULL_TREE, type, complain))
880 	return error_mark_node;
881 
882       if (BRACE_ENCLOSED_INITIALIZER_P (ctor))
883 	ctor = perform_implicit_conversion (type, ctor, complain);
884       else if ((flags & LOOKUP_ONLYCONVERTING)
885 	       && ! (CLASS_TYPE_P (dtype) && DERIVED_FROM_P (type, dtype)))
886 	/* For copy-initialization, first we create a temp of the proper type
887 	   with a user-defined conversion sequence, then we direct-initialize
888 	   the target with the temp (see [dcl.init]).  */
889 	ctor = build_user_type_conversion (type, ctor, flags, complain);
890       else
891 	{
892 	  vec<tree, va_gc> *ctor_vec = make_tree_vector_single (ctor);
893 	  ctor = build_special_member_call (NULL_TREE,
894 					    complete_ctor_identifier,
895 					    &ctor_vec,
896 					    type, flags, complain);
897 	  release_tree_vector (ctor_vec);
898 	}
899       if (ctor)
900 	return build_cplus_new (type, ctor, complain);
901     }
902 
903   if (complain & tf_error)
904     {
905       /* If the conversion failed and expr was an invalid use of pointer to
906 	 member function, try to report a meaningful error.  */
907       if (invalid_nonstatic_memfn_p (loc, expr, complain))
908 	/* We displayed the error message.  */;
909       else
910 	error_at (loc, "conversion from %qT to non-scalar type %qT requested",
911 		  TREE_TYPE (expr), type);
912     }
913   return error_mark_node;
914 }
915 
916 /* If CALL is a call, return the callee; otherwise null.  */
917 
918 tree
919 cp_get_callee (tree call)
920 {
921   if (call == NULL_TREE)
922     return call;
923   else if (TREE_CODE (call) == CALL_EXPR)
924     return CALL_EXPR_FN (call);
925   else if (TREE_CODE (call) == AGGR_INIT_EXPR)
926     return AGGR_INIT_EXPR_FN (call);
927   return NULL_TREE;
928 }
929 
930 /* FN is the callee of a CALL_EXPR or AGGR_INIT_EXPR; return the FUNCTION_DECL
931    if we can.  */
932 
933 tree
934 cp_get_fndecl_from_callee (tree fn)
935 {
936   if (fn == NULL_TREE)
937     return fn;
938   if (TREE_CODE (fn) == FUNCTION_DECL)
939     return fn;
940   tree type = TREE_TYPE (fn);
941   if (type == unknown_type_node)
942     return NULL_TREE;
943   gcc_assert (POINTER_TYPE_P (type));
944   fn = maybe_constant_init (fn);
945   STRIP_NOPS (fn);
946   if (TREE_CODE (fn) == ADDR_EXPR)
947     {
948       fn = TREE_OPERAND (fn, 0);
949       if (TREE_CODE (fn) == FUNCTION_DECL)
950 	return fn;
951     }
952   return NULL_TREE;
953 }
954 
955 /* Like get_callee_fndecl, but handles AGGR_INIT_EXPR as well and uses the
956    constexpr machinery.  */
957 
958 tree
959 cp_get_callee_fndecl (tree call)
960 {
961   return cp_get_fndecl_from_callee (cp_get_callee (call));
962 }
963 
964 /* Subroutine of convert_to_void.  Warn if we're discarding something with
965    attribute [[nodiscard]].  */
966 
967 static void
968 maybe_warn_nodiscard (tree expr, impl_conv_void implicit)
969 {
970   tree call = expr;
971   if (TREE_CODE (expr) == TARGET_EXPR)
972     call = TARGET_EXPR_INITIAL (expr);
973   location_t loc = EXPR_LOC_OR_LOC (call, input_location);
974   tree callee = cp_get_callee (call);
975   if (!callee)
976     return;
977 
978   tree type = TREE_TYPE (callee);
979   if (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (type))
980     type = TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_FN_TYPE (type);
981   if (POINTER_TYPE_P (type))
982     type = TREE_TYPE (type);
983 
984   tree rettype = TREE_TYPE (type);
985   tree fn = cp_get_fndecl_from_callee (callee);
986   if (implicit != ICV_CAST && fn
987       && lookup_attribute ("nodiscard", DECL_ATTRIBUTES (fn)))
988     {
989       if (warning_at (loc, OPT_Wunused_result,
990 		      "ignoring return value of %qD, "
991 		      "declared with attribute nodiscard", fn))
992 	inform (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (fn), "declared here");
993     }
994   else if (implicit != ICV_CAST
995 	   && lookup_attribute ("nodiscard", TYPE_ATTRIBUTES (rettype)))
996     {
997       if (warning_at (loc, OPT_Wunused_result,
998 		      "ignoring returned value of type %qT, "
999 		      "declared with attribute nodiscard", rettype))
1000 	{
1001 	  if (fn)
1002 	    inform (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (fn),
1003 		    "in call to %qD, declared here", fn);
1004 	  inform (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (TYPE_NAME (rettype)),
1005 		  "%qT declared here", rettype);
1006 	}
1007     }
1008   else if (TREE_CODE (expr) == TARGET_EXPR
1009 	   && lookup_attribute ("warn_unused_result", TYPE_ATTRIBUTES (type)))
1010     {
1011       /* The TARGET_EXPR confuses do_warn_unused_result into thinking that the
1012 	 result is used, so handle that case here.  */
1013       if (fn)
1014 	{
1015 	  if (warning_at (loc, OPT_Wunused_result,
1016 			  "ignoring return value of %qD, "
1017 			  "declared with attribute warn_unused_result",
1018 			  fn))
1019 	    inform (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (fn), "declared here");
1020 	}
1021       else
1022 	warning_at (loc, OPT_Wunused_result,
1023 		    "ignoring return value of function "
1024 		    "declared with attribute warn_unused_result");
1025     }
1026 }
1027 
1028 /* When an expression is used in a void context, its value is discarded and
1029    no lvalue-rvalue and similar conversions happen [expr.static.cast/4,
1030    stmt.expr/1, expr.comma/1].  This permits dereferencing an incomplete type
1031    in a void context. The C++ standard does not define what an `access' to an
1032    object is, but there is reason to believe that it is the lvalue to rvalue
1033    conversion -- if it were not, `*&*p = 1' would violate [expr]/4 in that it
1034    accesses `*p' not to calculate the value to be stored. But, dcl.type.cv/8
1035    indicates that volatile semantics should be the same between C and C++
1036    where ever possible. C leaves it implementation defined as to what
1037    constitutes an access to a volatile. So, we interpret `*vp' as a read of
1038    the volatile object `vp' points to, unless that is an incomplete type. For
1039    volatile references we do not do this interpretation, because that would
1040    make it impossible to ignore the reference return value from functions. We
1041    issue warnings in the confusing cases.
1042 
1043    The IMPLICIT is ICV_CAST when the user is explicitly converting an expression
1044    to void via a cast. If an expression is being implicitly converted, IMPLICIT
1045    indicates the context of the implicit conversion.  */
1046 
1047 tree
1048 convert_to_void (tree expr, impl_conv_void implicit, tsubst_flags_t complain)
1049 {
1050   location_t loc = EXPR_LOC_OR_LOC (expr, input_location);
1051 
1052   if (expr == error_mark_node
1053       || TREE_TYPE (expr) == error_mark_node)
1054     return error_mark_node;
1055 
1056   expr = maybe_undo_parenthesized_ref (expr);
1057 
1058   if (implicit == ICV_CAST)
1059     mark_exp_read (expr);
1060   else
1061     {
1062       tree exprv = expr;
1063 
1064       while (TREE_CODE (exprv) == COMPOUND_EXPR)
1065 	exprv = TREE_OPERAND (exprv, 1);
1066       if (DECL_P (exprv)
1067 	  || handled_component_p (exprv)
1068 	  || INDIRECT_REF_P (exprv))
1069 	/* Expr is not being 'used' here, otherwise we whould have
1070 	   called mark_{rl}value_use use here, which would have in turn
1071 	   called mark_exp_read.  Rather, we call mark_exp_read directly
1072 	   to avoid some warnings when
1073 	   -Wunused-but-set-{variable,parameter} is in effect.  */
1074 	mark_exp_read (exprv);
1075     }
1076 
1077   if (!TREE_TYPE (expr))
1078     return expr;
1079   if (invalid_nonstatic_memfn_p (loc, expr, complain))
1080     return error_mark_node;
1081   if (TREE_CODE (expr) == PSEUDO_DTOR_EXPR)
1082     {
1083       if (complain & tf_error)
1084         error_at (loc, "pseudo-destructor is not called");
1085       return error_mark_node;
1086     }
1087   if (VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (expr)))
1088     return expr;
1089   switch (TREE_CODE (expr))
1090     {
1091     case COND_EXPR:
1092       {
1093 	/* The two parts of a cond expr might be separate lvalues.  */
1094 	tree op1 = TREE_OPERAND (expr,1);
1095 	tree op2 = TREE_OPERAND (expr,2);
1096 	bool side_effects = ((op1 && TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (op1))
1097 			     || TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (op2));
1098 	tree new_op1, new_op2;
1099 	new_op1 = NULL_TREE;
1100 	if (implicit != ICV_CAST && !side_effects)
1101 	  {
1102 	    if (op1)
1103 	      new_op1 = convert_to_void (op1, ICV_SECOND_OF_COND, complain);
1104 	    new_op2 = convert_to_void (op2, ICV_THIRD_OF_COND, complain);
1105 	  }
1106 	else
1107 	  {
1108 	    if (op1)
1109 	      new_op1 = convert_to_void (op1, ICV_CAST, complain);
1110 	    new_op2 = convert_to_void (op2, ICV_CAST, complain);
1111 	  }
1112 
1113 	expr = build3 (COND_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (new_op2),
1114 		       TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0), new_op1, new_op2);
1115 	break;
1116       }
1117 
1118     case COMPOUND_EXPR:
1119       {
1120 	/* The second part of a compound expr contains the value.  */
1121 	tree op1 = TREE_OPERAND (expr,1);
1122 	tree new_op1;
1123 	if (implicit != ICV_CAST && !TREE_NO_WARNING (expr))
1124 	  new_op1 = convert_to_void (op1, ICV_RIGHT_OF_COMMA, complain);
1125 	else
1126 	  new_op1 = convert_to_void (op1, ICV_CAST, complain);
1127 
1128 	if (new_op1 != op1)
1129 	  {
1130 	    tree t = build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (new_op1),
1131 			     TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0), new_op1);
1132 	    expr = t;
1133 	  }
1134 
1135 	break;
1136       }
1137 
1138     case NON_LVALUE_EXPR:
1139     case NOP_EXPR:
1140       /* These have already decayed to rvalue.  */
1141       break;
1142 
1143     case CALL_EXPR:   /* We have a special meaning for volatile void fn().  */
1144       maybe_warn_nodiscard (expr, implicit);
1145       break;
1146 
1147     case INDIRECT_REF:
1148       {
1149 	tree type = TREE_TYPE (expr);
1150 	int is_reference = TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0)))
1151 			   == REFERENCE_TYPE;
1152 	int is_volatile = TYPE_VOLATILE (type);
1153 	int is_complete = COMPLETE_TYPE_P (complete_type (type));
1154 
1155 	/* Can't load the value if we don't know the type.  */
1156 	if (is_volatile && !is_complete)
1157           {
1158             if (complain & tf_warning)
1159 	      switch (implicit)
1160 		{
1161 	      	  case ICV_CAST:
1162 		    warning_at (loc, 0, "conversion to void will not access "
1163 				"object of incomplete type %qT", type);
1164 		    break;
1165 		  case ICV_SECOND_OF_COND:
1166 		    warning_at (loc, 0, "indirection will not access object of "
1167 				"incomplete type %qT in second operand "
1168 				"of conditional expression", type);
1169 		    break;
1170 		  case ICV_THIRD_OF_COND:
1171 		    warning_at (loc, 0, "indirection will not access object of "
1172 				"incomplete type %qT in third operand "
1173 				"of conditional expression", type);
1174 		    break;
1175 		  case ICV_RIGHT_OF_COMMA:
1176 		    warning_at (loc, 0, "indirection will not access object of "
1177 				"incomplete type %qT in right operand of "
1178 				"comma operator", type);
1179 		    break;
1180 		  case ICV_LEFT_OF_COMMA:
1181 		    warning_at (loc, 0, "indirection will not access object of "
1182 				"incomplete type %qT in left operand of "
1183 				"comma operator", type);
1184 		    break;
1185 		  case ICV_STATEMENT:
1186 		    warning_at (loc, 0, "indirection will not access object of "
1187 				"incomplete type %qT in statement", type);
1188 		     break;
1189 		  case ICV_THIRD_IN_FOR:
1190 		    warning_at (loc, 0, "indirection will not access object of "
1191 				"incomplete type %qT in for increment "
1192 				"expression", type);
1193 		    break;
1194 		  default:
1195 		    gcc_unreachable ();
1196 		}
1197           }
1198 	/* Don't load the value if this is an implicit dereference, or if
1199 	   the type needs to be handled by ctors/dtors.  */
1200 	else if (is_volatile && is_reference)
1201           {
1202             if (complain & tf_warning)
1203 	      switch (implicit)
1204 		{
1205 	      	  case ICV_CAST:
1206 		    warning_at (loc, 0, "conversion to void will not access "
1207 				"object of type %qT", type);
1208 		    break;
1209 		  case ICV_SECOND_OF_COND:
1210 		    warning_at (loc, 0, "implicit dereference will not access "
1211 				"object of type %qT in second operand of "
1212 				"conditional expression", type);
1213 		    break;
1214 		  case ICV_THIRD_OF_COND:
1215 		    warning_at (loc, 0, "implicit dereference will not access "
1216 				"object of type %qT in third operand of "
1217 				"conditional expression", type);
1218 		    break;
1219 		  case ICV_RIGHT_OF_COMMA:
1220 		    warning_at (loc, 0, "implicit dereference will not access "
1221 				"object of type %qT in right operand of "
1222 				"comma operator", type);
1223 		    break;
1224 		  case ICV_LEFT_OF_COMMA:
1225 		    warning_at (loc, 0, "implicit dereference will not access "
1226 				"object of type %qT in left operand of comma "
1227 				"operator", type);
1228 		    break;
1229 		  case ICV_STATEMENT:
1230 		    warning_at (loc, 0, "implicit dereference will not access "
1231 				"object of type %qT in statement",  type);
1232 		     break;
1233 		  case ICV_THIRD_IN_FOR:
1234 		    warning_at (loc, 0, "implicit dereference will not access "
1235 				"object of type %qT in for increment expression",
1236 				type);
1237 		    break;
1238 		  default:
1239 		    gcc_unreachable ();
1240 		}
1241           }
1242 	else if (is_volatile && TREE_ADDRESSABLE (type))
1243 	  {
1244 	    if (complain & tf_warning)
1245 	      switch (implicit)
1246 		{
1247 	      	  case ICV_CAST:
1248 		    warning_at (loc, 0, "conversion to void will not access "
1249 				"object of non-trivially-copyable type %qT",
1250 				type);
1251 		    break;
1252 		  case ICV_SECOND_OF_COND:
1253 		    warning_at (loc, 0, "indirection will not access object of "
1254 				"non-trivially-copyable type %qT in second "
1255 				"operand of conditional expression", type);
1256 		    break;
1257 		  case ICV_THIRD_OF_COND:
1258 		    warning_at (loc, 0, "indirection will not access object of "
1259 		  	      	"non-trivially-copyable type %qT in third "
1260 				"operand of conditional expression", type);
1261 		    break;
1262 		  case ICV_RIGHT_OF_COMMA:
1263 		    warning_at (loc, 0, "indirection will not access object of "
1264 		    		"non-trivially-copyable type %qT in right "
1265 				"operand of comma operator", type);
1266 		    break;
1267 		  case ICV_LEFT_OF_COMMA:
1268 		    warning_at (loc, 0, "indirection will not access object of "
1269 		    		"non-trivially-copyable type %qT in left "
1270 				"operand of comma operator", type);
1271 		    break;
1272 		  case ICV_STATEMENT:
1273 		    warning_at (loc, 0, "indirection will not access object of "
1274 		     		"non-trivially-copyable type %qT in statement",
1275 				type);
1276 		     break;
1277 		  case ICV_THIRD_IN_FOR:
1278 		    warning_at (loc, 0, "indirection will not access object of "
1279 		    		"non-trivially-copyable type %qT in for "
1280 				"increment expression", type);
1281 		    break;
1282 		  default:
1283 		    gcc_unreachable ();
1284 		}
1285 	  }
1286 	if (is_reference || !is_volatile || !is_complete || TREE_ADDRESSABLE (type))
1287           {
1288             /* Emit a warning (if enabled) when the "effect-less" INDIRECT_REF
1289                operation is stripped off. Note that we don't warn about
1290                - an expression with TREE_NO_WARNING set. (For an example of
1291                  such expressions, see build_over_call in call.c.)
1292                - automatic dereferencing of references, since the user cannot
1293                  control it. (See also warn_if_unused_value() in c-common.c.)  */
1294             if (warn_unused_value
1295 		&& implicit != ICV_CAST
1296                 && (complain & tf_warning)
1297                 && !TREE_NO_WARNING (expr)
1298                 && !is_reference)
1299               warning_at (loc, OPT_Wunused_value, "value computed is not used");
1300             expr = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
1301           }
1302 
1303 	break;
1304       }
1305 
1306     case VAR_DECL:
1307       {
1308 	/* External variables might be incomplete.  */
1309 	tree type = TREE_TYPE (expr);
1310 	int is_complete = COMPLETE_TYPE_P (complete_type (type));
1311 
1312 	if (TYPE_VOLATILE (type) && !is_complete && (complain & tf_warning))
1313 	  switch (implicit)
1314 	    {
1315 	      case ICV_CAST:
1316 		warning_at (loc, 0, "conversion to void will not access "
1317 			    "object %qE of incomplete type %qT", expr, type);
1318 		break;
1319 	      case ICV_SECOND_OF_COND:
1320 	        warning_at (loc, 0, "variable %qE of incomplete type %qT will "
1321 			    "not be accessed in second operand of "
1322 			    "conditional expression", expr, type);
1323 		break;
1324 	      case ICV_THIRD_OF_COND:
1325 	        warning_at (loc, 0, "variable %qE of incomplete type %qT will "
1326 			    "not be accessed in third operand of "
1327 			    "conditional expression", expr, type);
1328 		break;
1329 	      case ICV_RIGHT_OF_COMMA:
1330 	        warning_at (loc, 0, "variable %qE of incomplete type %qT will "
1331 			    "not be accessed in right operand of comma operator",
1332 			    expr, type);
1333 		break;
1334 	      case ICV_LEFT_OF_COMMA:
1335 	        warning_at (loc, 0, "variable %qE of incomplete type %qT will "
1336 			    "not be accessed in left operand of comma operator",
1337 			    expr, type);
1338 		break;
1339 	      case ICV_STATEMENT:
1340 	        warning_at (loc, 0, "variable %qE of incomplete type %qT will "
1341 			    "not be accessed in statement", expr, type);
1342 		break;
1343 	      case ICV_THIRD_IN_FOR:
1344 	        warning_at (loc, 0, "variable %qE of incomplete type %qT will "
1345 			    "not be accessed in for increment expression",
1346 			    expr, type);
1347 		break;
1348 	      default:
1349 	        gcc_unreachable ();
1350 	    }
1351 
1352 	break;
1353       }
1354 
1355     case TARGET_EXPR:
1356       /* Don't bother with the temporary object returned from a function if
1357 	 we don't use it, don't need to destroy it, and won't abort in
1358 	 assign_temp.  We'll still
1359 	 allocate space for it in expand_call or declare_return_variable,
1360 	 but we don't need to track it through all the tree phases.  */
1361       if (TARGET_EXPR_IMPLICIT_P (expr)
1362 	  && !TREE_ADDRESSABLE (TREE_TYPE (expr)))
1363 	{
1364 	  tree init = TARGET_EXPR_INITIAL (expr);
1365 	  if (TREE_CODE (init) == AGGR_INIT_EXPR
1366 	      && !AGGR_INIT_VIA_CTOR_P (init))
1367 	    {
1368 	      tree fn = AGGR_INIT_EXPR_FN (init);
1369 	      expr = build_call_array_loc (input_location,
1370 					   TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE
1371 						      (TREE_TYPE (fn))),
1372 					   fn,
1373 					   aggr_init_expr_nargs (init),
1374 					   AGGR_INIT_EXPR_ARGP (init));
1375 	    }
1376 	}
1377       maybe_warn_nodiscard (expr, implicit);
1378       break;
1379 
1380     default:;
1381     }
1382   expr = resolve_nondeduced_context (expr, complain);
1383   {
1384     tree probe = expr;
1385 
1386     if (TREE_CODE (probe) == ADDR_EXPR)
1387       probe = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
1388     if (type_unknown_p (probe))
1389       {
1390 	/* [over.over] enumerates the places where we can take the address
1391 	   of an overloaded function, and this is not one of them.  */
1392 	if (complain & tf_error)
1393 	  switch (implicit)
1394 	    {
1395 	      case ICV_CAST:
1396 		error_at (loc, "conversion to void "
1397 			  "cannot resolve address of overloaded function");
1398 		break;
1399 	      case ICV_SECOND_OF_COND:
1400 		error_at (loc, "second operand of conditional expression "
1401 			  "cannot resolve address of overloaded function");
1402 		break;
1403 	      case ICV_THIRD_OF_COND:
1404 		error_at (loc, "third operand of conditional expression "
1405 			  "cannot resolve address of overloaded function");
1406 		break;
1407 	      case ICV_RIGHT_OF_COMMA:
1408 		error_at (loc, "right operand of comma operator "
1409 			  "cannot resolve address of overloaded function");
1410 		break;
1411 	      case ICV_LEFT_OF_COMMA:
1412 		error_at (loc, "left operand of comma operator "
1413 			  "cannot resolve address of overloaded function");
1414 		break;
1415 	      case ICV_STATEMENT:
1416 		error_at (loc, "statement "
1417 			  "cannot resolve address of overloaded function");
1418 		break;
1419 	      case ICV_THIRD_IN_FOR:
1420 		error_at (loc, "for increment expression "
1421 			  "cannot resolve address of overloaded function");
1422 		break;
1423 	    }
1424 	else
1425 	  return error_mark_node;
1426 	expr = void_node;
1427       }
1428     else if (implicit != ICV_CAST && probe == expr && is_overloaded_fn (probe))
1429       {
1430 	/* Only warn when there is no &.  */
1431 	if (complain & tf_warning)
1432 	  switch (implicit)
1433 	    {
1434 	      case ICV_SECOND_OF_COND:
1435 	        warning_at (loc, OPT_Waddress,
1436 			    "second operand of conditional expression "
1437 			    "is a reference, not call, to function %qE", expr);
1438 		break;
1439 	      case ICV_THIRD_OF_COND:
1440 	        warning_at (loc, OPT_Waddress,
1441 			    "third operand of conditional expression "
1442 			    "is a reference, not call, to function %qE", expr);
1443 		break;
1444 	      case ICV_RIGHT_OF_COMMA:
1445 		warning_at (loc, OPT_Waddress,
1446 			    "right operand of comma operator "
1447 			    "is a reference, not call, to function %qE", expr);
1448 		break;
1449 	      case ICV_LEFT_OF_COMMA:
1450 	        warning_at (loc, OPT_Waddress,
1451 			    "left operand of comma operator "
1452 			    "is a reference, not call, to function %qE", expr);
1453 		break;
1454 	      case ICV_STATEMENT:
1455 	        warning_at (loc, OPT_Waddress,
1456 			    "statement is a reference, not call, to function %qE",
1457 			    expr);
1458 		break;
1459 	      case ICV_THIRD_IN_FOR:
1460 	        warning_at (loc, OPT_Waddress,
1461 			    "for increment expression "
1462 			    "is a reference, not call, to function %qE", expr);
1463 		break;
1464 	      default:
1465 	        gcc_unreachable ();
1466 	    }
1467 
1468 	if (TREE_CODE (expr) == COMPONENT_REF)
1469 	  expr = TREE_OPERAND (expr, 0);
1470       }
1471   }
1472 
1473   if (expr != error_mark_node && !VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (expr)))
1474     {
1475       if (implicit != ICV_CAST
1476 	  && warn_unused_value
1477 	  && !TREE_NO_WARNING (expr)
1478 	  && !processing_template_decl)
1479 	{
1480 	  /* The middle end does not warn about expressions that have
1481 	     been explicitly cast to void, so we must do so here.  */
1482 	  if (!TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (expr)) {
1483             if (complain & tf_warning)
1484 	      switch (implicit)
1485 		{
1486 		  case ICV_SECOND_OF_COND:
1487 		    warning_at (loc, OPT_Wunused_value,
1488 				"second operand of conditional expression "
1489 				"has no effect");
1490 		    break;
1491 		  case ICV_THIRD_OF_COND:
1492 		    warning_at (loc, OPT_Wunused_value,
1493 				"third operand of conditional expression "
1494 				"has no effect");
1495 		    break;
1496 		  case ICV_RIGHT_OF_COMMA:
1497 		    warning_at (loc, OPT_Wunused_value,
1498 				"right operand of comma operator has no effect");
1499 		    break;
1500 		  case ICV_LEFT_OF_COMMA:
1501 		    warning_at (loc, OPT_Wunused_value,
1502 				"left operand of comma operator has no effect");
1503 		    break;
1504 		  case ICV_STATEMENT:
1505 		    warning_at (loc, OPT_Wunused_value,
1506 				"statement has no effect");
1507 		    break;
1508 		  case ICV_THIRD_IN_FOR:
1509 		    warning_at (loc, OPT_Wunused_value,
1510 				"for increment expression has no effect");
1511 		    break;
1512 		  default:
1513 		    gcc_unreachable ();
1514 		}
1515           }
1516 	  else
1517 	    {
1518 	      tree e;
1519 	      enum tree_code code;
1520 	      enum tree_code_class tclass;
1521 
1522 	      e = expr;
1523 	      /* We might like to warn about (say) "(int) f()", as the
1524 		 cast has no effect, but the compiler itself will
1525 		 generate implicit conversions under some
1526 		 circumstances.  (For example a block copy will be
1527 		 turned into a call to "__builtin_memcpy", with a
1528 		 conversion of the return value to an appropriate
1529 		 type.)  So, to avoid false positives, we strip
1530 		 conversions.  Do not use STRIP_NOPs because it will
1531 		 not strip conversions to "void", as that is not a
1532 		 mode-preserving conversion.  */
1533 	      while (TREE_CODE (e) == NOP_EXPR)
1534 		e = TREE_OPERAND (e, 0);
1535 
1536 	      code = TREE_CODE (e);
1537 	      tclass = TREE_CODE_CLASS (code);
1538 	      if ((tclass == tcc_comparison
1539 		   || tclass == tcc_unary
1540 		   || (tclass == tcc_binary
1541 		       && !(code == MODIFY_EXPR
1542 			    || code == INIT_EXPR
1543 			    || code == PREDECREMENT_EXPR
1544 			    || code == PREINCREMENT_EXPR
1545 			    || code == POSTDECREMENT_EXPR
1546 			    || code == POSTINCREMENT_EXPR))
1547 		   || code == VEC_PERM_EXPR
1548 		   || code == VEC_COND_EXPR)
1549                   && (complain & tf_warning))
1550 		warning_at (loc, OPT_Wunused_value, "value computed is not used");
1551 	    }
1552 	}
1553       expr = build1 (CONVERT_EXPR, void_type_node, expr);
1554     }
1555   if (! TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (expr))
1556     expr = void_node;
1557   return expr;
1558 }
1559 
1560 /* Create an expression whose value is that of EXPR,
1561    converted to type TYPE.  The TREE_TYPE of the value
1562    is always TYPE.  This function implements all reasonable
1563    conversions; callers should filter out those that are
1564    not permitted by the language being compiled.
1565 
1566    Most of this routine is from build_reinterpret_cast.
1567 
1568    The back end cannot call cp_convert (what was convert) because
1569    conversions to/from basetypes may involve memory references
1570    (vbases) and adding or subtracting small values (multiple
1571    inheritance), but it calls convert from the constant folding code
1572    on subtrees of already built trees after it has ripped them apart.
1573 
1574    Also, if we ever support range variables, we'll probably also have to
1575    do a little bit more work.  */
1576 
1577 tree
1578 convert (tree type, tree expr)
1579 {
1580   tree intype;
1581 
1582   if (type == error_mark_node || expr == error_mark_node)
1583     return error_mark_node;
1584 
1585   intype = TREE_TYPE (expr);
1586 
1587   if (POINTER_TYPE_P (type) && POINTER_TYPE_P (intype))
1588     return build_nop (type, expr);
1589 
1590   return ocp_convert (type, expr, CONV_BACKEND_CONVERT,
1591 		      LOOKUP_NORMAL|LOOKUP_NO_CONVERSION,
1592 		      tf_warning_or_error);
1593 }
1594 
1595 /* Like cp_convert, except permit conversions to take place which
1596    are not normally allowed due to access restrictions
1597    (such as conversion from sub-type to private super-type).  */
1598 
1599 tree
1600 convert_force (tree type, tree expr, int convtype, tsubst_flags_t complain)
1601 {
1602   tree e = expr;
1603   enum tree_code code = TREE_CODE (type);
1604 
1605   if (code == REFERENCE_TYPE)
1606     return convert_to_reference (type, e, CONV_C_CAST, 0,
1607 				 NULL_TREE, complain);
1608 
1609   if (code == POINTER_TYPE)
1610     return convert_to_pointer_force (type, e, complain);
1611 
1612   /* From typeck.c convert_for_assignment */
1613   if (((TYPE_PTR_P (TREE_TYPE (e)) && TREE_CODE (e) == ADDR_EXPR
1614 	&& TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (e))) == METHOD_TYPE)
1615        || integer_zerop (e)
1616        || TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (TREE_TYPE (e)))
1617       && TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (type))
1618     /* compatible pointer to member functions.  */
1619     return build_ptrmemfunc (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_FN_TYPE (type), e, 1,
1620 			     /*c_cast_p=*/1, complain);
1621 
1622   return ocp_convert (type, e, CONV_C_CAST|convtype, LOOKUP_NORMAL, complain);
1623 }
1624 
1625 /* Convert an aggregate EXPR to type XTYPE.  If a conversion
1626    exists, return the attempted conversion.  This may
1627    return ERROR_MARK_NODE if the conversion is not
1628    allowed (references private members, etc).
1629    If no conversion exists, NULL_TREE is returned.
1630 
1631    FIXME: Ambiguity checking is wrong.  Should choose one by the implicit
1632    object parameter, or by the second standard conversion sequence if
1633    that doesn't do it.  This will probably wait for an overloading rewrite.
1634    (jason 8/9/95)  */
1635 
1636 static tree
1637 build_type_conversion (tree xtype, tree expr)
1638 {
1639   /* C++: check to see if we can convert this aggregate type
1640      into the required type.  */
1641   return build_user_type_conversion (xtype, expr, LOOKUP_NORMAL,
1642 				     tf_warning_or_error);
1643 }
1644 
1645 /* Convert the given EXPR to one of a group of types suitable for use in an
1646    expression.  DESIRES is a combination of various WANT_* flags (q.v.)
1647    which indicates which types are suitable.  If COMPLAIN is true, complain
1648    about ambiguity; otherwise, the caller will deal with it.  */
1649 
1650 tree
1651 build_expr_type_conversion (int desires, tree expr, bool complain)
1652 {
1653   tree basetype = TREE_TYPE (expr);
1654   tree conv = NULL_TREE;
1655   tree winner = NULL_TREE;
1656 
1657   if (expr == null_node
1658       && (desires & WANT_INT)
1659       && !(desires & WANT_NULL))
1660     {
1661       source_location loc =
1662 	expansion_point_location_if_in_system_header (input_location);
1663 
1664       warning_at (loc, OPT_Wconversion_null,
1665 		  "converting NULL to non-pointer type");
1666     }
1667 
1668   if (basetype == error_mark_node)
1669     return error_mark_node;
1670 
1671   if (! MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (basetype))
1672     switch (TREE_CODE (basetype))
1673       {
1674       case INTEGER_TYPE:
1675 	if ((desires & WANT_NULL) && null_ptr_cst_p (expr))
1676 	  return expr;
1677 	/* fall through.  */
1678 
1679       case BOOLEAN_TYPE:
1680 	return (desires & WANT_INT) ? expr : NULL_TREE;
1681       case ENUMERAL_TYPE:
1682 	return (desires & WANT_ENUM) ? expr : NULL_TREE;
1683       case REAL_TYPE:
1684 	return (desires & WANT_FLOAT) ? expr : NULL_TREE;
1685       case POINTER_TYPE:
1686 	return (desires & WANT_POINTER) ? expr : NULL_TREE;
1687 
1688       case FUNCTION_TYPE:
1689       case ARRAY_TYPE:
1690 	return (desires & WANT_POINTER) ? decay_conversion (expr,
1691 							    tf_warning_or_error)
1692 					: NULL_TREE;
1693 
1694       case COMPLEX_TYPE:
1695       case VECTOR_TYPE:
1696 	if ((desires & WANT_VECTOR_OR_COMPLEX) == 0)
1697 	  return NULL_TREE;
1698 	switch (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (basetype)))
1699 	  {
1700 	  case INTEGER_TYPE:
1701 	  case BOOLEAN_TYPE:
1702 	    return (desires & WANT_INT) ? expr : NULL_TREE;
1703 	  case ENUMERAL_TYPE:
1704 	    return (desires & WANT_ENUM) ? expr : NULL_TREE;
1705 	  case REAL_TYPE:
1706 	    return (desires & WANT_FLOAT) ? expr : NULL_TREE;
1707 	  default:
1708 	    return NULL_TREE;
1709 	  }
1710 
1711       default:
1712 	return NULL_TREE;
1713       }
1714 
1715   /* The code for conversions from class type is currently only used for
1716      delete expressions.  Other expressions are handled by build_new_op.  */
1717   if (!complete_type_or_maybe_complain (basetype, expr, complain))
1718     return error_mark_node;
1719   if (!TYPE_HAS_CONVERSION (basetype))
1720     return NULL_TREE;
1721 
1722   for (conv = lookup_conversions (basetype); conv; conv = TREE_CHAIN (conv))
1723     {
1724       int win = 0;
1725       tree candidate;
1726       tree cand = TREE_VALUE (conv);
1727       cand = OVL_CURRENT (cand);
1728 
1729       if (winner && winner == cand)
1730 	continue;
1731 
1732       if (DECL_NONCONVERTING_P (cand))
1733 	continue;
1734 
1735       candidate = non_reference (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (cand)));
1736 
1737       switch (TREE_CODE (candidate))
1738 	{
1739 	case BOOLEAN_TYPE:
1740 	case INTEGER_TYPE:
1741 	  win = (desires & WANT_INT); break;
1742 	case ENUMERAL_TYPE:
1743 	  win = (desires & WANT_ENUM); break;
1744 	case REAL_TYPE:
1745 	  win = (desires & WANT_FLOAT); break;
1746 	case POINTER_TYPE:
1747 	  win = (desires & WANT_POINTER); break;
1748 
1749 	case COMPLEX_TYPE:
1750 	case VECTOR_TYPE:
1751 	  if ((desires & WANT_VECTOR_OR_COMPLEX) == 0)
1752 	    break;
1753 	  switch (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (candidate)))
1754 	    {
1755 	    case BOOLEAN_TYPE:
1756 	    case INTEGER_TYPE:
1757 	      win = (desires & WANT_INT); break;
1758 	    case ENUMERAL_TYPE:
1759 	      win = (desires & WANT_ENUM); break;
1760 	    case REAL_TYPE:
1761 	      win = (desires & WANT_FLOAT); break;
1762 	    default:
1763 	      break;
1764 	    }
1765 	  break;
1766 
1767 	default:
1768 	  /* A wildcard could be instantiated to match any desired
1769 	     type, but we can't deduce the template argument.  */
1770 	  if (WILDCARD_TYPE_P (candidate))
1771 	    win = true;
1772 	  break;
1773 	}
1774 
1775       if (win)
1776 	{
1777 	  if (TREE_CODE (cand) == TEMPLATE_DECL)
1778 	    {
1779 	      if (complain)
1780 		error ("default type conversion can't deduce template"
1781 		       " argument for %qD", cand);
1782 	      return error_mark_node;
1783 	    }
1784 
1785 	  if (winner)
1786 	    {
1787 	      tree winner_type
1788 		= non_reference (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (winner)));
1789 
1790 	      if (!same_type_ignoring_top_level_qualifiers_p (winner_type,
1791 							      candidate))
1792 		{
1793 		  if (complain)
1794 		    {
1795 		      error ("ambiguous default type conversion from %qT",
1796 			     basetype);
1797 		      inform (input_location,
1798 			      "  candidate conversions include %qD and %qD",
1799 			      winner, cand);
1800 		    }
1801 		  return error_mark_node;
1802 		}
1803 	    }
1804 
1805 	  winner = cand;
1806 	}
1807     }
1808 
1809   if (winner)
1810     {
1811       tree type = non_reference (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (winner)));
1812       return build_user_type_conversion (type, expr, LOOKUP_NORMAL,
1813 					 tf_warning_or_error);
1814     }
1815 
1816   return NULL_TREE;
1817 }
1818 
1819 /* Implements integral promotion (4.1) and float->double promotion.  */
1820 
1821 tree
1822 type_promotes_to (tree type)
1823 {
1824   tree promoted_type;
1825 
1826   if (type == error_mark_node)
1827     return error_mark_node;
1828 
1829   type = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (type);
1830 
1831   /* Check for promotions of target-defined types first.  */
1832   promoted_type = targetm.promoted_type (type);
1833   if (promoted_type)
1834     return promoted_type;
1835 
1836   /* bool always promotes to int (not unsigned), even if it's the same
1837      size.  */
1838   if (TREE_CODE (type) == BOOLEAN_TYPE)
1839     type = integer_type_node;
1840 
1841   /* Normally convert enums to int, but convert wide enums to something
1842      wider.  Scoped enums don't promote, but pretend they do for backward
1843      ABI bug compatibility wrt varargs.  */
1844   else if (TREE_CODE (type) == ENUMERAL_TYPE
1845 	   || type == char16_type_node
1846 	   || type == char32_type_node
1847 	   || type == wchar_type_node)
1848     {
1849       int precision = MAX (TYPE_PRECISION (type),
1850 			   TYPE_PRECISION (integer_type_node));
1851       tree totype = c_common_type_for_size (precision, 0);
1852       tree prom = type;
1853       if (TREE_CODE (prom) == ENUMERAL_TYPE)
1854 	prom = ENUM_UNDERLYING_TYPE (prom);
1855       if (TYPE_UNSIGNED (prom)
1856 	  && ! int_fits_type_p (TYPE_MAX_VALUE (prom), totype))
1857 	prom = c_common_type_for_size (precision, 1);
1858       else
1859 	prom = totype;
1860       if (SCOPED_ENUM_P (type))
1861 	{
1862 	  if (abi_version_crosses (6)
1863 	      && TYPE_MODE (prom) != TYPE_MODE (type))
1864 	    warning (OPT_Wabi, "scoped enum %qT passed through ... as "
1865 		     "%qT before -fabi-version=6, %qT after",
1866 		     type, prom, ENUM_UNDERLYING_TYPE (type));
1867 	  if (!abi_version_at_least (6))
1868 	    type = prom;
1869 	}
1870       else
1871 	type = prom;
1872     }
1873   else if (c_promoting_integer_type_p (type))
1874     {
1875       /* Retain unsignedness if really not getting bigger.  */
1876       if (TYPE_UNSIGNED (type)
1877 	  && TYPE_PRECISION (type) == TYPE_PRECISION (integer_type_node))
1878 	type = unsigned_type_node;
1879       else
1880 	type = integer_type_node;
1881     }
1882   else if (type == float_type_node)
1883     type = double_type_node;
1884 
1885   return type;
1886 }
1887 
1888 /* The routines below this point are carefully written to conform to
1889    the standard.  They use the same terminology, and follow the rules
1890    closely.  Although they are used only in pt.c at the moment, they
1891    should presumably be used everywhere in the future.  */
1892 
1893 /* Attempt to perform qualification conversions on EXPR to convert it
1894    to TYPE.  Return the resulting expression, or error_mark_node if
1895    the conversion was impossible.  */
1896 
1897 tree
1898 perform_qualification_conversions (tree type, tree expr)
1899 {
1900   tree expr_type;
1901 
1902   expr_type = TREE_TYPE (expr);
1903 
1904   if (same_type_p (type, expr_type))
1905     return expr;
1906   else if (TYPE_PTR_P (type) && TYPE_PTR_P (expr_type)
1907 	   && comp_ptr_ttypes (TREE_TYPE (type), TREE_TYPE (expr_type)))
1908     return build_nop (type, expr);
1909   else if (TYPE_PTRMEM_P (type) && TYPE_PTRMEM_P (expr_type)
1910 	   && same_type_p (TYPE_PTRMEM_CLASS_TYPE (type),
1911 			   TYPE_PTRMEM_CLASS_TYPE (expr_type))
1912 	   && comp_ptr_ttypes (TYPE_PTRMEM_POINTED_TO_TYPE (type),
1913 			       TYPE_PTRMEM_POINTED_TO_TYPE (expr_type)))
1914     return build_nop (type, expr);
1915   else
1916     return error_mark_node;
1917 }
1918 
1919 /* True iff T is a transaction-safe function type.  */
1920 
1921 bool
1922 tx_safe_fn_type_p (tree t)
1923 {
1924   if (TREE_CODE (t) != FUNCTION_TYPE
1925       && TREE_CODE (t) != METHOD_TYPE)
1926     return false;
1927   return !!lookup_attribute ("transaction_safe", TYPE_ATTRIBUTES (t));
1928 }
1929 
1930 /* Return the transaction-unsafe variant of transaction-safe function type
1931    T.  */
1932 
1933 tree
1934 tx_unsafe_fn_variant (tree t)
1935 {
1936   gcc_assert (tx_safe_fn_type_p (t));
1937   tree attrs = remove_attribute ("transaction_safe",
1938 				 TYPE_ATTRIBUTES (t));
1939   return cp_build_type_attribute_variant (t, attrs);
1940 }
1941 
1942 /* Return true iff FROM can convert to TO by a transaction-safety
1943    conversion.  */
1944 
1945 static bool
1946 can_convert_tx_safety (tree to, tree from)
1947 {
1948   return (flag_tm && tx_safe_fn_type_p (from)
1949 	  && same_type_p (to, tx_unsafe_fn_variant (from)));
1950 }
1951 
1952 /* Return true iff FROM can convert to TO by dropping noexcept.  */
1953 
1954 static bool
1955 noexcept_conv_p (tree to, tree from)
1956 {
1957   if (!flag_noexcept_type)
1958     return false;
1959 
1960   tree t = non_reference (to);
1961   tree f = from;
1962   if (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (t)
1963       && TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (f))
1964     {
1965       t = TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_FN_TYPE (t);
1966       f = TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_FN_TYPE (f);
1967     }
1968   if (TREE_CODE (t) == POINTER_TYPE
1969       && TREE_CODE (f) == POINTER_TYPE)
1970     {
1971       t = TREE_TYPE (t);
1972       f = TREE_TYPE (f);
1973     }
1974   tree_code code = TREE_CODE (f);
1975   if (TREE_CODE (t) != code)
1976     return false;
1977   if (code != FUNCTION_TYPE && code != METHOD_TYPE)
1978     return false;
1979   if (!type_throw_all_p (t)
1980       || type_throw_all_p (f))
1981     return false;
1982   tree v = build_exception_variant (f, NULL_TREE);
1983   return same_type_p (t, v);
1984 }
1985 
1986 /* Return true iff FROM can convert to TO by a function pointer conversion.  */
1987 
1988 bool
1989 fnptr_conv_p (tree to, tree from)
1990 {
1991   tree t = non_reference (to);
1992   tree f = from;
1993   if (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (t)
1994       && TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (f))
1995     {
1996       t = TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_FN_TYPE (t);
1997       f = TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_FN_TYPE (f);
1998     }
1999   if (TREE_CODE (t) == POINTER_TYPE
2000       && TREE_CODE (f) == POINTER_TYPE)
2001     {
2002       t = TREE_TYPE (t);
2003       f = TREE_TYPE (f);
2004     }
2005 
2006   return (noexcept_conv_p (t, f)
2007 	  || can_convert_tx_safety (t, f));
2008 }
2009 
2010 /* Return FN with any NOP_EXPRs that represent function pointer
2011    conversions stripped.  */
2012 
2013 tree
2014 strip_fnptr_conv (tree fn)
2015 {
2016   while (TREE_CODE (fn) == NOP_EXPR)
2017     {
2018       tree op = TREE_OPERAND (fn, 0);
2019       if (fnptr_conv_p (TREE_TYPE (fn), TREE_TYPE (op)))
2020 	fn = op;
2021       else
2022 	break;
2023     }
2024   return fn;
2025 }
2026