1@c Copyright 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 2003, 2011 2@c Free Software Foundation, Inc. 3@c This is part of the GAS manual. 4@c For copying conditions, see the file as.texinfo. 5@ifset GENERIC 6@page 7@node Z8000-Dependent 8@chapter Z8000 Dependent Features 9@end ifset 10@ifclear GENERIC 11@node Machine Dependencies 12@chapter Z8000 Dependent Features 13@end ifclear 14 15@cindex Z8000 support 16The Z8000 @value{AS} supports both members of the Z8000 family: the 17unsegmented Z8002, with 16 bit addresses, and the segmented Z8001 with 1824 bit addresses. 19 20When the assembler is in unsegmented mode (specified with the 21@code{unsegm} directive), an address takes up one word (16 bit) 22sized register. When the assembler is in segmented mode (specified with 23the @code{segm} directive), a 24-bit address takes up a long (32 bit) 24register. @xref{Z8000 Directives,,Assembler Directives for the Z8000}, 25for a list of other Z8000 specific assembler directives. 26 27@menu 28* Z8000 Options:: Command-line options for the Z8000 29* Z8000 Syntax:: Assembler syntax for the Z8000 30* Z8000 Directives:: Special directives for the Z8000 31* Z8000 Opcodes:: Opcodes 32@end menu 33 34@node Z8000 Options 35@section Options 36 37@cindex Z8000 options 38@cindex options, Z8000 39@table @option 40@cindex @code{-z8001} command line option, Z8000 41@item -z8001 42Generate segmented code by default. 43 44@cindex @code{-z8002} command line option, Z8000 45@item -z8002 46Generate unsegmented code by default. 47@end table 48 49@node Z8000 Syntax 50@section Syntax 51@menu 52* Z8000-Chars:: Special Characters 53* Z8000-Regs:: Register Names 54* Z8000-Addressing:: Addressing Modes 55@end menu 56 57@node Z8000-Chars 58@subsection Special Characters 59 60@cindex line comment character, Z8000 61@cindex Z8000 line comment character 62@samp{!} is the line comment character. 63 64If a @samp{#} appears as the first character of a line then the whole 65line is treated as a comment, but in this case the line could also be 66a logical line number directive (@pxref{Comments}) or a preprocessor 67control command (@pxref{Preprocessing}). 68 69@cindex line separator, Z8000 70@cindex statement separator, Z8000 71@cindex Z8000 line separator 72You can use @samp{;} instead of a newline to separate statements. 73 74@node Z8000-Regs 75@subsection Register Names 76 77@cindex Z8000 registers 78@cindex registers, Z8000 79The Z8000 has sixteen 16 bit registers, numbered 0 to 15. You can refer 80to different sized groups of registers by register number, with the 81prefix @samp{r} for 16 bit registers, @samp{rr} for 32 bit registers and 82@samp{rq} for 64 bit registers. You can also refer to the contents of 83the first eight (of the sixteen 16 bit registers) by bytes. They are 84named @samp{rl@var{n}} and @samp{rh@var{n}}. 85 86@smallexample 87@exdent @emph{byte registers} 88rl0 rh0 rl1 rh1 rl2 rh2 rl3 rh3 89rl4 rh4 rl5 rh5 rl6 rh6 rl7 rh7 90 91@exdent @emph{word registers} 92r0 r1 r2 r3 r4 r5 r6 r7 r8 r9 r10 r11 r12 r13 r14 r15 93 94@exdent @emph{long word registers} 95rr0 rr2 rr4 rr6 rr8 rr10 rr12 rr14 96 97@exdent @emph{quad word registers} 98rq0 rq4 rq8 rq12 99@end smallexample 100 101@node Z8000-Addressing 102@subsection Addressing Modes 103 104@cindex addressing modes, Z8000 105@cindex Z800 addressing modes 106@value{AS} understands the following addressing modes for the Z8000: 107 108@table @code 109@item rl@var{n} 110@itemx rh@var{n} 111@itemx r@var{n} 112@itemx rr@var{n} 113@itemx rq@var{n} 114Register direct: 8bit, 16bit, 32bit, and 64bit registers. 115 116@item @@r@var{n} 117@itemx @@rr@var{n} 118Indirect register: @@rr@var{n} in segmented mode, @@r@var{n} in unsegmented 119mode. 120 121@item @var{addr} 122Direct: the 16 bit or 24 bit address (depending on whether the assembler 123is in segmented or unsegmented mode) of the operand is in the instruction. 124 125@item address(r@var{n}) 126Indexed: the 16 or 24 bit address is added to the 16 bit register to produce 127the final address in memory of the operand. 128 129@item r@var{n}(#@var{imm}) 130@itemx rr@var{n}(#@var{imm}) 131Base Address: the 16 or 24 bit register is added to the 16 bit sign 132extended immediate displacement to produce the final address in memory 133of the operand. 134 135@item r@var{n}(r@var{m}) 136@itemx rr@var{n}(r@var{m}) 137Base Index: the 16 or 24 bit register r@var{n} or rr@var{n} is added to 138the sign extended 16 bit index register r@var{m} to produce the final 139address in memory of the operand. 140 141@item #@var{xx} 142Immediate data @var{xx}. 143@end table 144 145@node Z8000 Directives 146@section Assembler Directives for the Z8000 147 148@cindex Z8000 directives 149@cindex directives, Z8000 150The Z8000 port of @value{AS} includes additional assembler directives, 151for compatibility with other Z8000 assemblers. These do not begin with 152@samp{.} (unlike the ordinary @value{AS} directives). 153 154@table @code 155@kindex segm 156@item segm 157@kindex .z8001 158@itemx .z8001 159Generate code for the segmented Z8001. 160 161@kindex unsegm 162@item unsegm 163@kindex .z8002 164@itemx .z8002 165Generate code for the unsegmented Z8002. 166 167@kindex name 168@item name 169Synonym for @code{.file} 170 171@kindex global 172@item global 173Synonym for @code{.global} 174 175@kindex wval 176@item wval 177Synonym for @code{.word} 178 179@kindex lval 180@item lval 181Synonym for @code{.long} 182 183@kindex bval 184@item bval 185Synonym for @code{.byte} 186 187@kindex sval 188@item sval 189Assemble a string. @code{sval} expects one string literal, delimited by 190single quotes. It assembles each byte of the string into consecutive 191addresses. You can use the escape sequence @samp{%@var{xx}} (where 192@var{xx} represents a two-digit hexadecimal number) to represent the 193character whose @sc{ascii} value is @var{xx}. Use this feature to 194describe single quote and other characters that may not appear in string 195literals as themselves. For example, the C statement @w{@samp{char *a = 196"he said \"it's 50% off\"";}} is represented in Z8000 assembly language 197(shown with the assembler output in hex at the left) as 198 199@iftex 200@begingroup 201@let@nonarrowing=@comment 202@end iftex 203@smallexample 20468652073 sval 'he said %22it%27s 50%25 off%22%00' 20561696420 20622697427 20773203530 20825206F66 209662200 210@end smallexample 211@iftex 212@endgroup 213@end iftex 214 215@kindex rsect 216@item rsect 217synonym for @code{.section} 218 219@kindex block 220@item block 221synonym for @code{.space} 222 223@kindex even 224@item even 225special case of @code{.align}; aligns output to even byte boundary. 226@end table 227 228@node Z8000 Opcodes 229@section Opcodes 230 231@cindex Z8000 opcode summary 232@cindex opcode summary, Z8000 233@cindex mnemonics, Z8000 234@cindex instruction summary, Z8000 235For detailed information on the Z8000 machine instruction set, see 236@cite{Z8000 Technical Manual}. 237 238@ifset SMALL 239@c this table, due to the multi-col faking and hardcoded order, looks silly 240@c except in smallbook. See comments below "@set SMALL" near top of this file. 241 242The following table summarizes the opcodes and their arguments: 243@iftex 244@begingroup 245@let@nonarrowing=@comment 246@end iftex 247@smallexample 248 249 rs @r{16 bit source register} 250 rd @r{16 bit destination register} 251 rbs @r{8 bit source register} 252 rbd @r{8 bit destination register} 253 rrs @r{32 bit source register} 254 rrd @r{32 bit destination register} 255 rqs @r{64 bit source register} 256 rqd @r{64 bit destination register} 257 addr @r{16/24 bit address} 258 imm @r{immediate data} 259 260adc rd,rs clrb addr cpsir @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc 261adcb rbd,rbs clrb addr(rd) cpsirb @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc 262add rd,@@rs clrb rbd dab rbd 263add rd,addr com @@rd dbjnz rbd,disp7 264add rd,addr(rs) com addr dec @@rd,imm4m1 265add rd,imm16 com addr(rd) dec addr(rd),imm4m1 266add rd,rs com rd dec addr,imm4m1 267addb rbd,@@rs comb @@rd dec rd,imm4m1 268addb rbd,addr comb addr decb @@rd,imm4m1 269addb rbd,addr(rs) comb addr(rd) decb addr(rd),imm4m1 270addb rbd,imm8 comb rbd decb addr,imm4m1 271addb rbd,rbs comflg flags decb rbd,imm4m1 272addl rrd,@@rs cp @@rd,imm16 di i2 273addl rrd,addr cp addr(rd),imm16 div rrd,@@rs 274addl rrd,addr(rs) cp addr,imm16 div rrd,addr 275addl rrd,imm32 cp rd,@@rs div rrd,addr(rs) 276addl rrd,rrs cp rd,addr div rrd,imm16 277and rd,@@rs cp rd,addr(rs) div rrd,rs 278and rd,addr cp rd,imm16 divl rqd,@@rs 279and rd,addr(rs) cp rd,rs divl rqd,addr 280and rd,imm16 cpb @@rd,imm8 divl rqd,addr(rs) 281and rd,rs cpb addr(rd),imm8 divl rqd,imm32 282andb rbd,@@rs cpb addr,imm8 divl rqd,rrs 283andb rbd,addr cpb rbd,@@rs djnz rd,disp7 284andb rbd,addr(rs) cpb rbd,addr ei i2 285andb rbd,imm8 cpb rbd,addr(rs) ex rd,@@rs 286andb rbd,rbs cpb rbd,imm8 ex rd,addr 287bit @@rd,imm4 cpb rbd,rbs ex rd,addr(rs) 288bit addr(rd),imm4 cpd rd,@@rs,rr,cc ex rd,rs 289bit addr,imm4 cpdb rbd,@@rs,rr,cc exb rbd,@@rs 290bit rd,imm4 cpdr rd,@@rs,rr,cc exb rbd,addr 291bit rd,rs cpdrb rbd,@@rs,rr,cc exb rbd,addr(rs) 292bitb @@rd,imm4 cpi rd,@@rs,rr,cc exb rbd,rbs 293bitb addr(rd),imm4 cpib rbd,@@rs,rr,cc ext0e imm8 294bitb addr,imm4 cpir rd,@@rs,rr,cc ext0f imm8 295bitb rbd,imm4 cpirb rbd,@@rs,rr,cc ext8e imm8 296bitb rbd,rs cpl rrd,@@rs ext8f imm8 297bpt cpl rrd,addr exts rrd 298call @@rd cpl rrd,addr(rs) extsb rd 299call addr cpl rrd,imm32 extsl rqd 300call addr(rd) cpl rrd,rrs halt 301calr disp12 cpsd @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc in rd,@@rs 302clr @@rd cpsdb @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc in rd,imm16 303clr addr cpsdr @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc inb rbd,@@rs 304clr addr(rd) cpsdrb @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc inb rbd,imm16 305clr rd cpsi @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc inc @@rd,imm4m1 306clrb @@rd cpsib @@rd,@@rs,rr,cc inc addr(rd),imm4m1 307inc addr,imm4m1 ldb rbd,rs(rx) mult rrd,addr(rs) 308inc rd,imm4m1 ldb rd(imm16),rbs mult rrd,imm16 309incb @@rd,imm4m1 ldb rd(rx),rbs mult rrd,rs 310incb addr(rd),imm4m1 ldctl ctrl,rs multl rqd,@@rs 311incb addr,imm4m1 ldctl rd,ctrl multl rqd,addr 312incb rbd,imm4m1 ldd @@rs,@@rd,rr multl rqd,addr(rs) 313ind @@rd,@@rs,ra lddb @@rs,@@rd,rr multl rqd,imm32 314indb @@rd,@@rs,rba lddr @@rs,@@rd,rr multl rqd,rrs 315inib @@rd,@@rs,ra lddrb @@rs,@@rd,rr neg @@rd 316inibr @@rd,@@rs,ra ldi @@rd,@@rs,rr neg addr 317iret ldib @@rd,@@rs,rr neg addr(rd) 318jp cc,@@rd ldir @@rd,@@rs,rr neg rd 319jp cc,addr ldirb @@rd,@@rs,rr negb @@rd 320jp cc,addr(rd) ldk rd,imm4 negb addr 321jr cc,disp8 ldl @@rd,rrs negb addr(rd) 322ld @@rd,imm16 ldl addr(rd),rrs negb rbd 323ld @@rd,rs ldl addr,rrs nop 324ld addr(rd),imm16 ldl rd(imm16),rrs or rd,@@rs 325ld addr(rd),rs ldl rd(rx),rrs or rd,addr 326ld addr,imm16 ldl rrd,@@rs or rd,addr(rs) 327ld addr,rs ldl rrd,addr or rd,imm16 328ld rd(imm16),rs ldl rrd,addr(rs) or rd,rs 329ld rd(rx),rs ldl rrd,imm32 orb rbd,@@rs 330ld rd,@@rs ldl rrd,rrs orb rbd,addr 331ld rd,addr ldl rrd,rs(imm16) orb rbd,addr(rs) 332ld rd,addr(rs) ldl rrd,rs(rx) orb rbd,imm8 333ld rd,imm16 ldm @@rd,rs,n orb rbd,rbs 334ld rd,rs ldm addr(rd),rs,n out @@rd,rs 335ld rd,rs(imm16) ldm addr,rs,n out imm16,rs 336ld rd,rs(rx) ldm rd,@@rs,n outb @@rd,rbs 337lda rd,addr ldm rd,addr(rs),n outb imm16,rbs 338lda rd,addr(rs) ldm rd,addr,n outd @@rd,@@rs,ra 339lda rd,rs(imm16) ldps @@rs outdb @@rd,@@rs,rba 340lda rd,rs(rx) ldps addr outib @@rd,@@rs,ra 341ldar rd,disp16 ldps addr(rs) outibr @@rd,@@rs,ra 342ldb @@rd,imm8 ldr disp16,rs pop @@rd,@@rs 343ldb @@rd,rbs ldr rd,disp16 pop addr(rd),@@rs 344ldb addr(rd),imm8 ldrb disp16,rbs pop addr,@@rs 345ldb addr(rd),rbs ldrb rbd,disp16 pop rd,@@rs 346ldb addr,imm8 ldrl disp16,rrs popl @@rd,@@rs 347ldb addr,rbs ldrl rrd,disp16 popl addr(rd),@@rs 348ldb rbd,@@rs mbit popl addr,@@rs 349ldb rbd,addr mreq rd popl rrd,@@rs 350ldb rbd,addr(rs) mres push @@rd,@@rs 351ldb rbd,imm8 mset push @@rd,addr 352ldb rbd,rbs mult rrd,@@rs push @@rd,addr(rs) 353ldb rbd,rs(imm16) mult rrd,addr push @@rd,imm16 354push @@rd,rs set addr,imm4 subl rrd,imm32 355pushl @@rd,@@rs set rd,imm4 subl rrd,rrs 356pushl @@rd,addr set rd,rs tcc cc,rd 357pushl @@rd,addr(rs) setb @@rd,imm4 tccb cc,rbd 358pushl @@rd,rrs setb addr(rd),imm4 test @@rd 359res @@rd,imm4 setb addr,imm4 test addr 360res addr(rd),imm4 setb rbd,imm4 test addr(rd) 361res addr,imm4 setb rbd,rs test rd 362res rd,imm4 setflg imm4 testb @@rd 363res rd,rs sinb rbd,imm16 testb addr 364resb @@rd,imm4 sinb rd,imm16 testb addr(rd) 365resb addr(rd),imm4 sind @@rd,@@rs,ra testb rbd 366resb addr,imm4 sindb @@rd,@@rs,rba testl @@rd 367resb rbd,imm4 sinib @@rd,@@rs,ra testl addr 368resb rbd,rs sinibr @@rd,@@rs,ra testl addr(rd) 369resflg imm4 sla rd,imm8 testl rrd 370ret cc slab rbd,imm8 trdb @@rd,@@rs,rba 371rl rd,imm1or2 slal rrd,imm8 trdrb @@rd,@@rs,rba 372rlb rbd,imm1or2 sll rd,imm8 trib @@rd,@@rs,rbr 373rlc rd,imm1or2 sllb rbd,imm8 trirb @@rd,@@rs,rbr 374rlcb rbd,imm1or2 slll rrd,imm8 trtdrb @@ra,@@rb,rbr 375rldb rbb,rba sout imm16,rs trtib @@ra,@@rb,rr 376rr rd,imm1or2 soutb imm16,rbs trtirb @@ra,@@rb,rbr 377rrb rbd,imm1or2 soutd @@rd,@@rs,ra trtrb @@ra,@@rb,rbr 378rrc rd,imm1or2 soutdb @@rd,@@rs,rba tset @@rd 379rrcb rbd,imm1or2 soutib @@rd,@@rs,ra tset addr 380rrdb rbb,rba soutibr @@rd,@@rs,ra tset addr(rd) 381rsvd36 sra rd,imm8 tset rd 382rsvd38 srab rbd,imm8 tsetb @@rd 383rsvd78 sral rrd,imm8 tsetb addr 384rsvd7e srl rd,imm8 tsetb addr(rd) 385rsvd9d srlb rbd,imm8 tsetb rbd 386rsvd9f srll rrd,imm8 xor rd,@@rs 387rsvdb9 sub rd,@@rs xor rd,addr 388rsvdbf sub rd,addr xor rd,addr(rs) 389sbc rd,rs sub rd,addr(rs) xor rd,imm16 390sbcb rbd,rbs sub rd,imm16 xor rd,rs 391sc imm8 sub rd,rs xorb rbd,@@rs 392sda rd,rs subb rbd,@@rs xorb rbd,addr 393sdab rbd,rs subb rbd,addr xorb rbd,addr(rs) 394sdal rrd,rs subb rbd,addr(rs) xorb rbd,imm8 395sdl rd,rs subb rbd,imm8 xorb rbd,rbs 396sdlb rbd,rs subb rbd,rbs xorb rbd,rbs 397sdll rrd,rs subl rrd,@@rs 398set @@rd,imm4 subl rrd,addr 399set addr(rd),imm4 subl rrd,addr(rs) 400@end smallexample 401@iftex 402@endgroup 403@end iftex 404@end ifset 405 406