xref: /netbsd-src/external/bsd/tcpdump/dist/print-ntp.c (revision ccd9df534e375a4366c5b55f23782053c7a98d82)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that: (1) source code distributions
7  * retain the above copyright notice and this paragraph in its entirety, (2)
8  * distributions including binary code include the above copyright notice and
9  * this paragraph in its entirety in the documentation or other materials
10  * provided with the distribution, and (3) all advertising materials mentioning
11  * features or use of this software display the following acknowledgement:
12  * ``This product includes software developed by the University of California,
13  * Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and its contributors.'' Neither the name of
14  * the University nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse
15  * or promote products derived from this software without specific prior
16  * written permission.
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
18  * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
19  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
20  *
21  *	By Jeffrey Mogul/DECWRL
22  *	loosely based on print-bootp.c
23  */
24 
25 /* \summary: Network Time Protocol (NTP) printer */
26 
27 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
28 #ifndef lint
29 __RCSID("$NetBSD: print-ntp.c,v 1.9 2023/08/17 20:19:40 christos Exp $");
30 #endif
31 
32 /*
33  * specification:
34  *
35  * RFC 1119 - NTPv2
36  * RFC 1305 - NTPv3
37  * RFC 5905 - NTPv4
38  */
39 
40 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
41 #include <config.h>
42 #endif
43 
44 #include "netdissect-stdinc.h"
45 
46 #include <time.h>
47 
48 #include "netdissect.h"
49 #include "addrtoname.h"
50 #include "extract.h"
51 
52 #include "ntp.h"
53 
54 /*
55  * Based on ntp.h from the U of MD implementation
56  *	This file is based on Version 2 of the NTP spec (RFC1119).
57  */
58 
59 /* rfc2030
60  *                      1                   2                   3
61  *  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
62  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
63  * |LI | VN  |Mode |    Stratum    |     Poll      |   Precision   |
64  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
65  * |                          Root Delay                           |
66  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
67  * |                       Root Dispersion                         |
68  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
69  * |                     Reference Identifier                      |
70  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
71  * |                                                               |
72  * |                   Reference Timestamp (64)                    |
73  * |                                                               |
74  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
75  * |                                                               |
76  * |                   Originate Timestamp (64)                    |
77  * |                                                               |
78  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
79  * |                                                               |
80  * |                    Receive Timestamp (64)                     |
81  * |                                                               |
82  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
83  * |                                                               |
84  * |                    Transmit Timestamp (64)                    |
85  * |                                                               |
86  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
87  * |                 Key Identifier (optional) (32)                |
88  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
89  * |                                                               |
90  * |                                                               |
91  * |                 Message Digest (optional) (128)               |
92  * |                                                               |
93  * |                                                               |
94  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
95  */
96 
97 /* Length of the NTP data message with the mandatory fields ("the header")
98  * and without any optional fields (extension, Key Identifier,
99  * Message Digest).
100  */
101 #define NTP_TIMEMSG_MINLEN 48U
102 
103 struct ntp_time_data {
104 	nd_uint8_t status;		/* status of local clock and leap info */
105 	nd_uint8_t stratum;		/* Stratum level */
106 	nd_int8_t ppoll;		/* poll value */
107 	nd_int8_t precision;
108 	struct s_fixedpt root_delay;
109 	struct s_fixedpt root_dispersion;
110 	nd_uint32_t refid;
111 	struct l_fixedpt ref_timestamp;
112 	struct l_fixedpt org_timestamp;
113 	struct l_fixedpt rec_timestamp;
114 	struct l_fixedpt xmt_timestamp;
115 	nd_uint32_t key_id;
116 	nd_uint8_t  message_digest[20];
117 };
118 /*
119  *	Leap Second Codes (high order two bits)
120  */
121 #define	NO_WARNING	0x00	/* no warning */
122 #define	PLUS_SEC	0x40	/* add a second (61 seconds) */
123 #define	MINUS_SEC	0x80	/* minus a second (59 seconds) */
124 #define	ALARM		0xc0	/* alarm condition (clock unsynchronized) */
125 
126 /*
127  *	Clock Status Bits that Encode Version
128  */
129 #define	NTPVERSION_1	0x08
130 #define	VERSIONMASK	0x38
131 #define	VERSIONSHIFT	3
132 #define LEAPMASK	0xc0
133 #define LEAPSHIFT	6
134 #ifdef MODEMASK
135 #undef MODEMASK					/* Solaris sucks */
136 #endif
137 #define	MODEMASK	0x07
138 #define	MODESHIFT	0
139 
140 /*
141  *	Code values
142  */
143 #define	MODE_UNSPEC	0	/* unspecified */
144 #define	MODE_SYM_ACT	1	/* symmetric active */
145 #define	MODE_SYM_PAS	2	/* symmetric passive */
146 #define	MODE_CLIENT	3	/* client */
147 #define	MODE_SERVER	4	/* server */
148 #define	MODE_BROADCAST	5	/* broadcast */
149 #define	MODE_CONTROL	6	/* control message */
150 #define	MODE_RES2	7	/* reserved */
151 
152 /*
153  *	Stratum Definitions
154  */
155 #define	UNSPECIFIED	0
156 #define	PRIM_REF	1	/* radio clock */
157 #define	INFO_QUERY	62	/* **** THIS implementation dependent **** */
158 #define	INFO_REPLY	63	/* **** THIS implementation dependent **** */
159 
160 static void p_sfix(netdissect_options *ndo, const struct s_fixedpt *);
161 static void p_ntp_delta(netdissect_options *, const struct l_fixedpt *, const struct l_fixedpt *);
162 static void p_poll(netdissect_options *, const int);
163 
164 static const struct tok ntp_mode_values[] = {
165     { MODE_UNSPEC,    "unspecified" },
166     { MODE_SYM_ACT,   "symmetric active" },
167     { MODE_SYM_PAS,   "symmetric passive" },
168     { MODE_CLIENT,    "Client" },
169     { MODE_SERVER,    "Server" },
170     { MODE_BROADCAST, "Broadcast" },
171     { MODE_CONTROL,   "Control Message" },
172     { MODE_RES2,      "Reserved" },
173     { 0, NULL }
174 };
175 
176 static const struct tok ntp_leapind_values[] = {
177     { NO_WARNING,     "" },
178     { PLUS_SEC,       "+1s" },
179     { MINUS_SEC,      "-1s" },
180     { ALARM,          "clock unsynchronized" },
181     { 0, NULL }
182 };
183 
184 static const struct tok ntp_stratum_values[] = {
185 	{ UNSPECIFIED,	"unspecified" },
186 	{ PRIM_REF,	"primary reference" },
187 	{ 0, NULL }
188 };
189 
190 /* draft-ietf-ntp-mode-6-cmds-02
191  *  0                   1                   2                   3
192  *  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
193  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
194  * |LI |  VN |Mode |R|E|M| OpCode  |       Sequence Number         |
195  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
196  * |            Status             |       Association ID          |
197  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
198  * |            Offset             |            Count              |
199  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
200  * |                                                               |
201  * /                    Data (up to 468 bytes)                     /
202  * |                                                               |
203  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
204  * |                    Padding (optional)                         |
205  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
206  * |                                                               |
207  * /              Authenticator (optional, 96 bytes)               /
208  * |                                                               |
209  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
210  *
211  *               Figure 1: NTP Control Message Header
212  */
213 
214 /* Length of the NTP control message with the mandatory fields ("the header")
215  * and without any optional fields (Data, Padding, Authenticator).
216  */
217 #define NTP_CTRLMSG_MINLEN 12U
218 
219 struct ntp_control_data {
220 	nd_uint8_t	magic;		/* LI, VN, Mode */
221 	nd_uint8_t	control;	/* R, E, M, OpCode */
222 	nd_uint16_t	sequence;	/* Sequence Number */
223 	nd_uint16_t	status;		/* Status */
224 	nd_uint16_t	assoc;		/* Association ID */
225 	nd_uint16_t	offset;		/* Offset */
226 	nd_uint16_t	count;		/* Count */
227 	nd_uint8_t	data[564];	/* Data, [Padding, [Authenticator]] */
228 };
229 
230 /*
231  * Print NTP time requests and responses
232  */
233 static void
234 ntp_time_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
235 	       const struct ntp_time_data *bp, u_int length)
236 {
237 	uint8_t stratum;
238 
239 	if (length < NTP_TIMEMSG_MINLEN)
240 		goto invalid;
241 
242 	stratum = GET_U_1(bp->stratum);
243 	ND_PRINT(", Stratum %u (%s)",
244 		stratum,
245 		tok2str(ntp_stratum_values, (stratum >=2 && stratum<=15) ? "secondary reference" : "reserved", stratum));
246 
247 	ND_PRINT(", poll %d", GET_S_1(bp->ppoll));
248 	p_poll(ndo, GET_S_1(bp->ppoll));
249 
250 	ND_PRINT(", precision %d", GET_S_1(bp->precision));
251 
252 	ND_TCHECK_SIZE(&bp->root_delay);
253 	ND_PRINT("\n\tRoot Delay: ");
254 	p_sfix(ndo, &bp->root_delay);
255 
256 	ND_TCHECK_SIZE(&bp->root_dispersion);
257 	ND_PRINT(", Root dispersion: ");
258 	p_sfix(ndo, &bp->root_dispersion);
259 
260 	ND_TCHECK_4(bp->refid);
261 	ND_PRINT(", Reference-ID: ");
262 	/* Interpretation depends on stratum */
263 	switch (stratum) {
264 
265 	case UNSPECIFIED:
266 		ND_PRINT("(unspec)");
267 		break;
268 
269 	case PRIM_REF:
270 		if (nd_printn(ndo, (const u_char *)&(bp->refid), 4, ndo->ndo_snapend))
271 			goto trunc;
272 		break;
273 
274 	case INFO_QUERY:
275 		ND_PRINT("%s INFO_QUERY", GET_IPADDR_STRING(bp->refid));
276 		/* this doesn't have more content */
277 		return;
278 
279 	case INFO_REPLY:
280 		ND_PRINT("%s INFO_REPLY", GET_IPADDR_STRING(bp->refid));
281 		/* this is too complex to be worth printing */
282 		return;
283 
284 	default:
285 		/* In NTPv4 (RFC 5905) refid is an IPv4 address or first 32 bits of
286 		   MD5 sum of IPv6 address */
287 		ND_PRINT("0x%08x", GET_BE_U_4(bp->refid));
288 		break;
289 	}
290 
291 	ND_TCHECK_SIZE(&bp->ref_timestamp);
292 	ND_PRINT("\n\t  Reference Timestamp:  ");
293 	p_ntp_time(ndo, &(bp->ref_timestamp));
294 
295 	ND_TCHECK_SIZE(&bp->org_timestamp);
296 	ND_PRINT("\n\t  Originator Timestamp: ");
297 	p_ntp_time(ndo, &(bp->org_timestamp));
298 
299 	ND_TCHECK_SIZE(&bp->rec_timestamp);
300 	ND_PRINT("\n\t  Receive Timestamp:    ");
301 	p_ntp_time(ndo, &(bp->rec_timestamp));
302 
303 	ND_TCHECK_SIZE(&bp->xmt_timestamp);
304 	ND_PRINT("\n\t  Transmit Timestamp:   ");
305 	p_ntp_time(ndo, &(bp->xmt_timestamp));
306 
307 	ND_PRINT("\n\t    Originator - Receive Timestamp:  ");
308 	p_ntp_delta(ndo, &(bp->org_timestamp), &(bp->rec_timestamp));
309 
310 	ND_PRINT("\n\t    Originator - Transmit Timestamp: ");
311 	p_ntp_delta(ndo, &(bp->org_timestamp), &(bp->xmt_timestamp));
312 
313 	/* FIXME: this code is not aware of any extension fields */
314 	if (length == NTP_TIMEMSG_MINLEN + 4) {	/* Optional: key-id (crypto-NAK) */
315 		ND_PRINT("\n\tKey id: %u", GET_BE_U_4(bp->key_id));
316 	} else if (length == NTP_TIMEMSG_MINLEN + 4 + 16) {	/* Optional: key-id + 128-bit digest */
317 		ND_PRINT("\n\tKey id: %u", GET_BE_U_4(bp->key_id));
318 		ND_TCHECK_LEN(bp->message_digest, 16);
319 		ND_PRINT("\n\tAuthentication: %08x%08x%08x%08x",
320 			 GET_BE_U_4(bp->message_digest),
321 			 GET_BE_U_4(bp->message_digest + 4),
322 			 GET_BE_U_4(bp->message_digest + 8),
323 			 GET_BE_U_4(bp->message_digest + 12));
324 	} else if (length == NTP_TIMEMSG_MINLEN + 4 + 20) {	/* Optional: key-id + 160-bit digest */
325 		ND_PRINT("\n\tKey id: %u", GET_BE_U_4(bp->key_id));
326 		ND_TCHECK_LEN(bp->message_digest, 20);
327 		ND_PRINT("\n\tAuthentication: %08x%08x%08x%08x%08x",
328 			 GET_BE_U_4(bp->message_digest),
329 			 GET_BE_U_4(bp->message_digest + 4),
330 			 GET_BE_U_4(bp->message_digest + 8),
331 			 GET_BE_U_4(bp->message_digest + 12),
332 			 GET_BE_U_4(bp->message_digest + 16));
333 	} else if (length > NTP_TIMEMSG_MINLEN) {
334 		ND_PRINT("\n\t(%u more bytes after the header)", length - NTP_TIMEMSG_MINLEN);
335 	}
336 	return;
337 
338 invalid:
339 	nd_print_invalid(ndo);
340 	ND_TCHECK_LEN(bp, length);
341 	return;
342 
343 trunc:
344 	nd_print_trunc(ndo);
345 }
346 
347 /*
348  * Print NTP control message requests and responses
349  */
350 static void
351 ntp_control_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
352 		  const struct ntp_control_data *cd, u_int length)
353 {
354 	uint8_t control, R, E, M, opcode;
355 	uint16_t sequence, status, assoc, offset, count;
356 
357 	if (length < NTP_CTRLMSG_MINLEN)
358 		goto invalid;
359 
360 	control = GET_U_1(cd->control);
361 	R = (control & 0x80) != 0;
362 	E = (control & 0x40) != 0;
363 	M = (control & 0x20) != 0;
364 	opcode = control & 0x1f;
365 	ND_PRINT(", %s, %s, %s, OpCode=%u\n",
366 		  R ? "Response" : "Request", E ? "Error" : "OK",
367 		  M ? "More" : "Last", opcode);
368 
369 	sequence = GET_BE_U_2(cd->sequence);
370 	ND_PRINT("\tSequence=%hu", sequence);
371 
372 	status = GET_BE_U_2(cd->status);
373 	ND_PRINT(", Status=%#hx", status);
374 
375 	assoc = GET_BE_U_2(cd->assoc);
376 	ND_PRINT(", Assoc.=%hu", assoc);
377 
378 	offset = GET_BE_U_2(cd->offset);
379 	ND_PRINT(", Offset=%hu", offset);
380 
381 	count = GET_BE_U_2(cd->count);
382 	ND_PRINT(", Count=%hu", count);
383 
384 	if (NTP_CTRLMSG_MINLEN + count > length)
385 		goto invalid;
386 	if (count != 0) {
387 		ND_TCHECK_LEN(cd->data, count);
388 		ND_PRINT("\n\tTO-BE-DONE: data not interpreted");
389 	}
390 	return;
391 
392 invalid:
393 	nd_print_invalid(ndo);
394 	ND_TCHECK_LEN(cd, length);
395 	return;
396 
397 trunc:
398 	nd_print_trunc(ndo);
399 }
400 
401 union ntpdata {
402 	struct ntp_time_data	td;
403 	struct ntp_control_data	cd;
404 };
405 
406 /*
407  * Print NTP requests, handling the common VN, LI, and Mode
408  */
409 void
410 ntp_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
411 	  const u_char *cp, u_int length)
412 {
413 	const union ntpdata *bp = (const union ntpdata *)cp;
414 	u_int mode, version, leapind;
415 	uint8_t status;
416 
417 	ndo->ndo_protocol = "ntp";
418 	status = GET_U_1(bp->td.status);
419 
420 	version = (status & VERSIONMASK) >> VERSIONSHIFT;
421 	ND_PRINT("NTPv%u", version);
422 
423 	mode = (status & MODEMASK) >> MODESHIFT;
424 	if (!ndo->ndo_vflag) {
425 		ND_PRINT(", %s, length %u",
426 			 tok2str(ntp_mode_values, "Unknown mode", mode),
427 			 length);
428 		return;
429 	}
430 
431 	ND_PRINT(", %s, length %u\n",
432 		  tok2str(ntp_mode_values, "Unknown mode", mode), length);
433 
434 	/* leapind = (status & LEAPMASK) >> LEAPSHIFT; */
435 	leapind = (status & LEAPMASK);
436 	ND_PRINT("\tLeap indicator: %s (%u)",
437 		 tok2str(ntp_leapind_values, "Unknown", leapind),
438 		 leapind);
439 
440 	switch (mode) {
441 
442 	case MODE_UNSPEC:
443 	case MODE_SYM_ACT:
444 	case MODE_SYM_PAS:
445 	case MODE_CLIENT:
446 	case MODE_SERVER:
447 	case MODE_BROADCAST:
448 		ntp_time_print(ndo, &bp->td, length);
449 		break;
450 
451 	case MODE_CONTROL:
452 		ntp_control_print(ndo, &bp->cd, length);
453 		break;
454 
455 	default:
456 		break;			/* XXX: not implemented! */
457 	}
458 }
459 
460 static void
461 p_sfix(netdissect_options *ndo,
462        const struct s_fixedpt *sfp)
463 {
464 	int i;
465 	int f;
466 	double ff;
467 
468 	i = GET_BE_U_2(sfp->int_part);
469 	f = GET_BE_U_2(sfp->fraction);
470 	ff = f / 65536.0;		/* shift radix point by 16 bits */
471 	f = (int)(ff * 1000000.0);	/* Treat fraction as parts per million */
472 	ND_PRINT("%d.%06d", i, f);
473 }
474 
475 /* Prints time difference between *lfp and *olfp */
476 static void
477 p_ntp_delta(netdissect_options *ndo,
478 	    const struct l_fixedpt *olfp,
479 	    const struct l_fixedpt *lfp)
480 {
481 	uint32_t u, uf;
482 	uint32_t ou, ouf;
483 	uint32_t i;
484 	uint32_t f;
485 	double ff;
486 	int signbit;
487 
488 	u = GET_BE_U_4(lfp->int_part);
489 	ou = GET_BE_U_4(olfp->int_part);
490 	uf = GET_BE_U_4(lfp->fraction);
491 	ouf = GET_BE_U_4(olfp->fraction);
492 	if (ou == 0 && ouf == 0) {
493 		p_ntp_time(ndo, lfp);
494 		return;
495 	}
496 
497 	if (u > ou) {		/* new is definitely greater than old */
498 		signbit = 0;
499 		i = u - ou;
500 		f = uf - ouf;
501 		if (ouf > uf)	/* must borrow from high-order bits */
502 			i -= 1;
503 	} else if (u < ou) {	/* new is definitely less than old */
504 		signbit = 1;
505 		i = ou - u;
506 		f = ouf - uf;
507 		if (uf > ouf)	/* must borrow from the high-order bits */
508 			i -= 1;
509 	} else {		/* int_part is zero */
510 		i = 0;
511 		if (uf > ouf) {
512 			signbit = 0;
513 			f = uf - ouf;
514 		} else {
515 			signbit = 1;
516 			f = ouf - uf;
517 		}
518 	}
519 
520 	ff = f;
521 	if (ff < 0.0)		/* some compilers are buggy */
522 		ff += FMAXINT;
523 	ff = ff / FMAXINT;			/* shift radix point by 32 bits */
524 	f = (uint32_t)(ff * 1000000000.0);	/* treat fraction as parts per billion */
525 	ND_PRINT("%s%u.%09u", signbit ? "-" : "+", i, f);
526 }
527 
528 /* Prints polling interval in log2 as seconds or fraction of second */
529 static void
530 p_poll(netdissect_options *ndo,
531        const int poll_interval)
532 {
533 	if (poll_interval <= -32 || poll_interval >= 32)
534 		return;
535 
536 	if (poll_interval >= 0)
537 		ND_PRINT(" (%us)", 1U << poll_interval);
538 	else
539 		ND_PRINT(" (1/%us)", 1U << -poll_interval);
540 }
541