xref: /netbsd-src/external/bsd/tcpdump/dist/print-bootp.c (revision b8ecfcfef0e343ad71faea7a54fb5fcb42ad4e27)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that: (1) source code distributions
7  * retain the above copyright notice and this paragraph in its entirety, (2)
8  * distributions including binary code include the above copyright notice and
9  * this paragraph in its entirety in the documentation or other materials
10  * provided with the distribution, and (3) all advertising materials mentioning
11  * features or use of this software display the following acknowledgement:
12  * ``This product includes software developed by the University of California,
13  * Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and its contributors.'' Neither the name of
14  * the University nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse
15  * or promote products derived from this software without specific prior
16  * written permission.
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
18  * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
19  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
20  *
21  * Format and print bootp packets.
22  */
23 
24 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
25 #ifndef lint
26 __RCSID("$NetBSD: print-bootp.c,v 1.5 2014/11/20 03:05:03 christos Exp $");
27 #endif
28 
29 #define NETDISSECT_REWORKED
30 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
31 #include "config.h"
32 #endif
33 
34 #include <tcpdump-stdinc.h>
35 
36 #include <string.h>
37 
38 #include "interface.h"
39 #include "addrtoname.h"
40 #include "extract.h"
41 #include "bootp.h"
42 
43 static const char tstr[] = " [|bootp]";
44 
45 static void rfc1048_print(netdissect_options *, const u_char *);
46 static void cmu_print(netdissect_options *, const u_char *);
47 static char *client_fqdn_flags(u_int flags);
48 
49 static const struct tok bootp_flag_values[] = {
50     { 0x8000,                   "Broadcast" },
51     { 0, NULL}
52 };
53 
54 static const struct tok bootp_op_values[] = {
55     { BOOTPREQUEST,             "Request" },
56     { BOOTPREPLY,               "Reply" },
57     { 0, NULL}
58 };
59 
60 /*
61  * Print bootp requests
62  */
63 void
64 bootp_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
65             register const u_char *cp, u_int length)
66 {
67 	register const struct bootp *bp;
68 	static const u_char vm_cmu[4] = VM_CMU;
69 	static const u_char vm_rfc1048[4] = VM_RFC1048;
70 
71 	bp = (const struct bootp *)cp;
72 	ND_TCHECK(bp->bp_op);
73 
74 	ND_PRINT((ndo, "BOOTP/DHCP, %s",
75 	          tok2str(bootp_op_values, "unknown (0x%02x)", bp->bp_op)));
76 
77 	if (bp->bp_htype == 1 && bp->bp_hlen == 6 && bp->bp_op == BOOTPREQUEST) {
78 		ND_TCHECK2(bp->bp_chaddr[0], 6);
79 		ND_PRINT((ndo, " from %s", etheraddr_string(ndo, bp->bp_chaddr)));
80 	}
81 
82 	ND_PRINT((ndo, ", length %u", length));
83 
84 	if (!ndo->ndo_vflag)
85 		return;
86 
87 	ND_TCHECK(bp->bp_secs);
88 
89 	/* The usual hardware address type is 1 (10Mb Ethernet) */
90 	if (bp->bp_htype != 1)
91 		ND_PRINT((ndo, ", htype %d", bp->bp_htype));
92 
93 	/* The usual length for 10Mb Ethernet address is 6 bytes */
94 	if (bp->bp_htype != 1 || bp->bp_hlen != 6)
95 		ND_PRINT((ndo, ", hlen %d", bp->bp_hlen));
96 
97 	/* Only print interesting fields */
98 	if (bp->bp_hops)
99 		ND_PRINT((ndo, ", hops %d", bp->bp_hops));
100 	if (EXTRACT_32BITS(&bp->bp_xid))
101 		ND_PRINT((ndo, ", xid 0x%x", EXTRACT_32BITS(&bp->bp_xid)));
102 	if (EXTRACT_16BITS(&bp->bp_secs))
103 		ND_PRINT((ndo, ", secs %d", EXTRACT_16BITS(&bp->bp_secs)));
104 
105 	ND_PRINT((ndo, ", Flags [%s]",
106 		bittok2str(bootp_flag_values, "none", EXTRACT_16BITS(&bp->bp_flags))));
107 	if (ndo->ndo_vflag > 1)
108 		ND_PRINT((ndo, " (0x%04x)", EXTRACT_16BITS(&bp->bp_flags)));
109 
110 	/* Client's ip address */
111 	ND_TCHECK(bp->bp_ciaddr);
112 	if (EXTRACT_32BITS(&bp->bp_ciaddr.s_addr))
113 		ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  Client-IP %s", ipaddr_string(ndo, &bp->bp_ciaddr)));
114 
115 	/* 'your' ip address (bootp client) */
116 	ND_TCHECK(bp->bp_yiaddr);
117 	if (EXTRACT_32BITS(&bp->bp_yiaddr.s_addr))
118 		ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  Your-IP %s", ipaddr_string(ndo, &bp->bp_yiaddr)));
119 
120 	/* Server's ip address */
121 	ND_TCHECK(bp->bp_siaddr);
122 	if (EXTRACT_32BITS(&bp->bp_siaddr.s_addr))
123 		ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  Server-IP %s", ipaddr_string(ndo, &bp->bp_siaddr)));
124 
125 	/* Gateway's ip address */
126 	ND_TCHECK(bp->bp_giaddr);
127 	if (EXTRACT_32BITS(&bp->bp_giaddr.s_addr))
128 		ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  Gateway-IP %s", ipaddr_string(ndo, &bp->bp_giaddr)));
129 
130 	/* Client's Ethernet address */
131 	if (bp->bp_htype == 1 && bp->bp_hlen == 6) {
132 		ND_TCHECK2(bp->bp_chaddr[0], 6);
133 		ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  Client-Ethernet-Address %s", etheraddr_string(ndo, bp->bp_chaddr)));
134 	}
135 
136 	ND_TCHECK2(bp->bp_sname[0], 1);		/* check first char only */
137 	if (*bp->bp_sname) {
138 		ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  sname \""));
139 		if (fn_print(ndo, bp->bp_sname, ndo->ndo_snapend)) {
140 			ND_PRINT((ndo, "\""));
141 			ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", tstr + 1));
142 			return;
143 		}
144 		ND_PRINT((ndo, "\""));
145 	}
146 	ND_TCHECK2(bp->bp_file[0], 1);		/* check first char only */
147 	if (*bp->bp_file) {
148 		ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  file \""));
149 		if (fn_print(ndo, bp->bp_file, ndo->ndo_snapend)) {
150 			ND_PRINT((ndo, "\""));
151 			ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", tstr + 1));
152 			return;
153 		}
154 		ND_PRINT((ndo, "\""));
155 	}
156 
157 	/* Decode the vendor buffer */
158 	ND_TCHECK(bp->bp_vend[0]);
159 	if (memcmp((const char *)bp->bp_vend, vm_rfc1048,
160 		 sizeof(uint32_t)) == 0)
161 		rfc1048_print(ndo, bp->bp_vend);
162 	else if (memcmp((const char *)bp->bp_vend, vm_cmu,
163 		      sizeof(uint32_t)) == 0)
164 		cmu_print(ndo, bp->bp_vend);
165 	else {
166 		uint32_t ul;
167 
168 		ul = EXTRACT_32BITS(&bp->bp_vend);
169 		if (ul != 0)
170 			ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  Vendor-#0x%x", ul));
171 	}
172 
173 	return;
174 trunc:
175 	ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", tstr));
176 }
177 
178 /*
179  * The first character specifies the format to print:
180  *     i - ip address (32 bits)
181  *     p - ip address pairs (32 bits + 32 bits)
182  *     l - long (32 bits)
183  *     L - unsigned long (32 bits)
184  *     s - short (16 bits)
185  *     b - period-seperated decimal bytes (variable length)
186  *     x - colon-seperated hex bytes (variable length)
187  *     a - ascii string (variable length)
188  *     B - on/off (8 bits)
189  *     $ - special (explicit code to handle)
190  */
191 static const struct tok tag2str[] = {
192 /* RFC1048 tags */
193 	{ TAG_PAD,		" PAD" },
194 	{ TAG_SUBNET_MASK,	"iSubnet-Mask" },	/* subnet mask (RFC950) */
195 	{ TAG_TIME_OFFSET,	"LTime-Zone" },	/* seconds from UTC */
196 	{ TAG_GATEWAY,		"iDefault-Gateway" },	/* default gateway */
197 	{ TAG_TIME_SERVER,	"iTime-Server" },	/* time servers (RFC868) */
198 	{ TAG_NAME_SERVER,	"iIEN-Name-Server" },	/* IEN name servers (IEN116) */
199 	{ TAG_DOMAIN_SERVER,	"iDomain-Name-Server" },	/* domain name (RFC1035) */
200 	{ TAG_LOG_SERVER,	"iLOG" },	/* MIT log servers */
201 	{ TAG_COOKIE_SERVER,	"iCS" },	/* cookie servers (RFC865) */
202 	{ TAG_LPR_SERVER,	"iLPR-Server" },	/* lpr server (RFC1179) */
203 	{ TAG_IMPRESS_SERVER,	"iIM" },	/* impress servers (Imagen) */
204 	{ TAG_RLP_SERVER,	"iRL" },	/* resource location (RFC887) */
205 	{ TAG_HOSTNAME,		"aHostname" },	/* ascii hostname */
206 	{ TAG_BOOTSIZE,		"sBS" },	/* 512 byte blocks */
207 	{ TAG_END,		" END" },
208 /* RFC1497 tags */
209 	{ TAG_DUMPPATH,		"aDP" },
210 	{ TAG_DOMAINNAME,	"aDomain-Name" },
211 	{ TAG_SWAP_SERVER,	"iSS" },
212 	{ TAG_ROOTPATH,		"aRP" },
213 	{ TAG_EXTPATH,		"aEP" },
214 /* RFC2132 tags */
215 	{ TAG_IP_FORWARD,	"BIPF" },
216 	{ TAG_NL_SRCRT,		"BSRT" },
217 	{ TAG_PFILTERS,		"pPF" },
218 	{ TAG_REASS_SIZE,	"sRSZ" },
219 	{ TAG_DEF_TTL,		"bTTL" },
220 	{ TAG_MTU_TIMEOUT,	"lMTU-Timeout" },
221 	{ TAG_MTU_TABLE,	"sMTU-Table" },
222 	{ TAG_INT_MTU,		"sMTU" },
223 	{ TAG_LOCAL_SUBNETS,	"BLSN" },
224 	{ TAG_BROAD_ADDR,	"iBR" },
225 	{ TAG_DO_MASK_DISC,	"BMD" },
226 	{ TAG_SUPPLY_MASK,	"BMS" },
227 	{ TAG_DO_RDISC,		"BRouter-Discovery" },
228 	{ TAG_RTR_SOL_ADDR,	"iRSA" },
229 	{ TAG_STATIC_ROUTE,	"pStatic-Route" },
230 	{ TAG_USE_TRAILERS,	"BUT" },
231 	{ TAG_ARP_TIMEOUT,	"lAT" },
232 	{ TAG_ETH_ENCAP,	"BIE" },
233 	{ TAG_TCP_TTL,		"bTT" },
234 	{ TAG_TCP_KEEPALIVE,	"lKI" },
235 	{ TAG_KEEPALIVE_GO,	"BKG" },
236 	{ TAG_NIS_DOMAIN,	"aYD" },
237 	{ TAG_NIS_SERVERS,	"iYS" },
238 	{ TAG_NTP_SERVERS,	"iNTP" },
239 	{ TAG_VENDOR_OPTS,	"bVendor-Option" },
240 	{ TAG_NETBIOS_NS,	"iNetbios-Name-Server" },
241 	{ TAG_NETBIOS_DDS,	"iWDD" },
242 	{ TAG_NETBIOS_NODE,	"$Netbios-Node" },
243 	{ TAG_NETBIOS_SCOPE,	"aNetbios-Scope" },
244 	{ TAG_XWIN_FS,		"iXFS" },
245 	{ TAG_XWIN_DM,		"iXDM" },
246 	{ TAG_NIS_P_DOMAIN,	"sN+D" },
247 	{ TAG_NIS_P_SERVERS,	"iN+S" },
248 	{ TAG_MOBILE_HOME,	"iMH" },
249 	{ TAG_SMPT_SERVER,	"iSMTP" },
250 	{ TAG_POP3_SERVER,	"iPOP3" },
251 	{ TAG_NNTP_SERVER,	"iNNTP" },
252 	{ TAG_WWW_SERVER,	"iWWW" },
253 	{ TAG_FINGER_SERVER,	"iFG" },
254 	{ TAG_IRC_SERVER,	"iIRC" },
255 	{ TAG_STREETTALK_SRVR,	"iSTS" },
256 	{ TAG_STREETTALK_STDA,	"iSTDA" },
257 	{ TAG_REQUESTED_IP,	"iRequested-IP" },
258 	{ TAG_IP_LEASE,		"lLease-Time" },
259 	{ TAG_OPT_OVERLOAD,	"$OO" },
260 	{ TAG_TFTP_SERVER,	"aTFTP" },
261 	{ TAG_BOOTFILENAME,	"aBF" },
262 	{ TAG_DHCP_MESSAGE,	" DHCP-Message" },
263 	{ TAG_SERVER_ID,	"iServer-ID" },
264 	{ TAG_PARM_REQUEST,	"bParameter-Request" },
265 	{ TAG_MESSAGE,		"aMSG" },
266 	{ TAG_MAX_MSG_SIZE,	"sMSZ" },
267 	{ TAG_RENEWAL_TIME,	"lRN" },
268 	{ TAG_REBIND_TIME,	"lRB" },
269 	{ TAG_VENDOR_CLASS,	"aVendor-Class" },
270 	{ TAG_CLIENT_ID,	"$Client-ID" },
271 /* RFC 2485 */
272 	{ TAG_OPEN_GROUP_UAP,	"aUAP" },
273 /* RFC 2563 */
274 	{ TAG_DISABLE_AUTOCONF,	"BNOAUTO" },
275 /* RFC 2610 */
276 	{ TAG_SLP_DA,		"bSLP-DA" },	/*"b" is a little wrong */
277 	{ TAG_SLP_SCOPE,	"bSLP-SCOPE" },	/*"b" is a little wrong */
278 /* RFC 2937 */
279 	{ TAG_NS_SEARCH,	"sNSSEARCH" },	/* XXX 's' */
280 /* RFC 3011 */
281 	{ TAG_IP4_SUBNET_SELECT, "iSUBNET" },
282 /* RFC 3442 */
283 	{ TAG_CLASSLESS_STATIC_RT, "$Classless-Static-Route" },
284 	{ TAG_CLASSLESS_STA_RT_MS, "$Classless-Static-Route-Microsoft" },
285 /* http://www.iana.org/assignments/bootp-dhcp-extensions/index.htm */
286 	{ TAG_USER_CLASS,	"aCLASS" },
287 	{ TAG_SLP_NAMING_AUTH,	"aSLP-NA" },
288 	{ TAG_CLIENT_FQDN,	"$FQDN" },
289 	{ TAG_AGENT_CIRCUIT,	"$Agent-Information" },
290 	{ TAG_AGENT_REMOTE,	"bARMT" },
291 	{ TAG_AGENT_MASK,	"bAMSK" },
292 	{ TAG_TZ_STRING,	"aTZSTR" },
293 	{ TAG_FQDN_OPTION,	"bFQDNS" },	/* XXX 'b' */
294 	{ TAG_AUTH,		"bAUTH" },	/* XXX 'b' */
295 	{ TAG_VINES_SERVERS,	"iVINES" },
296 	{ TAG_SERVER_RANK,	"sRANK" },
297 	{ TAG_CLIENT_ARCH,	"sARCH" },
298 	{ TAG_CLIENT_NDI,	"bNDI" },	/* XXX 'b' */
299 	{ TAG_CLIENT_GUID,	"bGUID" },	/* XXX 'b' */
300 	{ TAG_LDAP_URL,		"aLDAP" },
301 	{ TAG_6OVER4,		"i6o4" },
302 	{ TAG_PRINTER_NAME,	"aPRTR" },
303 	{ TAG_MDHCP_SERVER,	"bMDHCP" },	/* XXX 'b' */
304 	{ TAG_IPX_COMPAT,	"bIPX" },	/* XXX 'b' */
305 	{ TAG_NETINFO_PARENT,	"iNI" },
306 	{ TAG_NETINFO_PARENT_TAG, "aNITAG" },
307 	{ TAG_URL,		"aURL" },
308 	{ TAG_FAILOVER,		"bFAIL" },	/* XXX 'b' */
309 	{ 0,			NULL }
310 };
311 /* 2-byte extended tags */
312 static const struct tok xtag2str[] = {
313 	{ 0,			NULL }
314 };
315 
316 /* DHCP "options overload" types */
317 static const struct tok oo2str[] = {
318 	{ 1,			"file" },
319 	{ 2,			"sname" },
320 	{ 3,			"file+sname" },
321 	{ 0,			NULL }
322 };
323 
324 /* NETBIOS over TCP/IP node type options */
325 static const struct tok nbo2str[] = {
326 	{ 0x1,			"b-node" },
327 	{ 0x2,			"p-node" },
328 	{ 0x4,			"m-node" },
329 	{ 0x8,			"h-node" },
330 	{ 0,			NULL }
331 };
332 
333 /* ARP Hardware types, for Client-ID option */
334 static const struct tok arp2str[] = {
335 	{ 0x1,			"ether" },
336 	{ 0x6,			"ieee802" },
337 	{ 0x7,			"arcnet" },
338 	{ 0xf,			"frelay" },
339 	{ 0x17,			"strip" },
340 	{ 0x18,			"ieee1394" },
341 	{ 0,			NULL }
342 };
343 
344 static const struct tok dhcp_msg_values[] = {
345         { DHCPDISCOVER, "Discover" },
346         { DHCPOFFER, "Offer" },
347         { DHCPREQUEST, "Request" },
348         { DHCPDECLINE, "Decline" },
349         { DHCPACK, "ACK" },
350         { DHCPNAK, "NACK" },
351         { DHCPRELEASE, "Release" },
352         { DHCPINFORM, "Inform" },
353         { 0,			NULL }
354 };
355 
356 #define AGENT_SUBOPTION_CIRCUIT_ID 	1	/* RFC 3046 */
357 #define AGENT_SUBOPTION_REMOTE_ID  	2	/* RFC 3046 */
358 #define AGENT_SUBOPTION_SUBSCRIBER_ID 	6	/* RFC 3993 */
359 static const struct tok agent_suboption_values[] = {
360         { AGENT_SUBOPTION_CIRCUIT_ID, "Circuit-ID" },
361         { AGENT_SUBOPTION_REMOTE_ID, "Remote-ID" },
362         { AGENT_SUBOPTION_SUBSCRIBER_ID, "Subscriber-ID" },
363         { 0,			NULL }
364 };
365 
366 
367 static void
368 rfc1048_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
369               register const u_char *bp)
370 {
371 	register uint16_t tag;
372 	register u_int len;
373 	register const char *cp;
374 	register char c;
375 	int first, idx;
376 	uint32_t ul;
377 	uint16_t us;
378 	uint8_t uc, subopt, suboptlen;
379 
380 	ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  Vendor-rfc1048 Extensions"));
381 
382 	/* Step over magic cookie */
383 	ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    Magic Cookie 0x%08x", EXTRACT_32BITS(bp)));
384 	bp += sizeof(int32_t);
385 
386 	/* Loop while we there is a tag left in the buffer */
387 	while (ND_TTEST2(*bp, 1)) {
388 		tag = *bp++;
389 		if (tag == TAG_PAD && ndo->ndo_vflag < 3)
390 			continue;
391 		if (tag == TAG_END && ndo->ndo_vflag < 3)
392 			return;
393 		if (tag == TAG_EXTENDED_OPTION) {
394 			ND_TCHECK2(*(bp + 1), 2);
395 			tag = EXTRACT_16BITS(bp + 1);
396 			/* XXX we don't know yet if the IANA will
397 			 * preclude overlap of 1-byte and 2-byte spaces.
398 			 * If not, we need to offset tag after this step.
399 			 */
400 			cp = tok2str(xtag2str, "?xT%u", tag);
401 		} else
402 			cp = tok2str(tag2str, "?T%u", tag);
403 		c = *cp++;
404 
405 		if (tag == TAG_PAD || tag == TAG_END)
406 			len = 0;
407 		else {
408 			/* Get the length; check for truncation */
409 			ND_TCHECK2(*bp, 1);
410 			len = *bp++;
411 		}
412 
413 		ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t    %s Option %u, length %u%s", cp, tag, len,
414 		    len > 0 ? ": " : ""));
415 
416 		if (tag == TAG_PAD && ndo->ndo_vflag > 2) {
417 			u_int ntag = 1;
418 			while (ND_TTEST2(*bp, 1) && *bp == TAG_PAD) {
419 				bp++;
420 				ntag++;
421 			}
422 			if (ntag > 1)
423 				ND_PRINT((ndo, ", occurs %u", ntag));
424 		}
425 
426 		if (!ND_TTEST2(*bp, len)) {
427 			ND_PRINT((ndo, "[|rfc1048 %u]", len));
428 			return;
429 		}
430 
431 		if (tag == TAG_DHCP_MESSAGE && len == 1) {
432 			uc = *bp++;
433 			ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", tok2str(dhcp_msg_values, "Unknown (%u)", uc)));
434 			continue;
435 		}
436 
437 		if (tag == TAG_PARM_REQUEST) {
438 			idx = 0;
439 			while (len-- > 0) {
440 				uc = *bp++;
441 				cp = tok2str(tag2str, "?Option %u", uc);
442 				if (idx % 4 == 0)
443 					ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      "));
444 				else
445 					ND_PRINT((ndo, ", "));
446 				ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", cp + 1));
447 				idx++;
448 			}
449 			continue;
450 		}
451 
452 		if (tag == TAG_EXTENDED_REQUEST) {
453 			first = 1;
454 			while (len > 1) {
455 				len -= 2;
456 				us = EXTRACT_16BITS(bp);
457 				bp += 2;
458 				cp = tok2str(xtag2str, "?xT%u", us);
459 				if (!first)
460 					ND_PRINT((ndo, "+"));
461 				ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", cp + 1));
462 				first = 0;
463 			}
464 			continue;
465 		}
466 
467 		/* Print data */
468 		if (c == '?') {
469 			/* Base default formats for unknown tags on data size */
470 			if (len & 1)
471 				c = 'b';
472 			else if (len & 2)
473 				c = 's';
474 			else
475 				c = 'l';
476 		}
477 		first = 1;
478 		switch (c) {
479 
480 		case 'a':
481 			/* ascii strings */
482 			ND_PRINT((ndo, "\""));
483 			if (fn_printn(ndo, bp, len, ndo->ndo_snapend)) {
484 				ND_PRINT((ndo, "\""));
485 				goto trunc;
486 			}
487 			ND_PRINT((ndo, "\""));
488 			bp += len;
489 			len = 0;
490 			break;
491 
492 		case 'i':
493 		case 'l':
494 		case 'L':
495 			/* ip addresses/32-bit words */
496 			while (len >= sizeof(ul)) {
497 				if (!first)
498 					ND_PRINT((ndo, ","));
499 				ul = EXTRACT_32BITS(bp);
500 				if (c == 'i') {
501 					ul = htonl(ul);
502 					ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", ipaddr_string(ndo, &ul)));
503 				} else if (c == 'L')
504 					ND_PRINT((ndo, "%d", ul));
505 				else
506 					ND_PRINT((ndo, "%u", ul));
507 				bp += sizeof(ul);
508 				len -= sizeof(ul);
509 				first = 0;
510 			}
511 			break;
512 
513 		case 'p':
514 			/* IP address pairs */
515 			while (len >= 2*sizeof(ul)) {
516 				if (!first)
517 					ND_PRINT((ndo, ","));
518 				memcpy((char *)&ul, (const char *)bp, sizeof(ul));
519 				ND_PRINT((ndo, "(%s:", ipaddr_string(ndo, &ul)));
520 				bp += sizeof(ul);
521 				memcpy((char *)&ul, (const char *)bp, sizeof(ul));
522 				ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s)", ipaddr_string(ndo, &ul)));
523 				bp += sizeof(ul);
524 				len -= 2*sizeof(ul);
525 				first = 0;
526 			}
527 			break;
528 
529 		case 's':
530 			/* shorts */
531 			while (len >= sizeof(us)) {
532 				if (!first)
533 					ND_PRINT((ndo, ","));
534 				us = EXTRACT_16BITS(bp);
535 				ND_PRINT((ndo, "%u", us));
536 				bp += sizeof(us);
537 				len -= sizeof(us);
538 				first = 0;
539 			}
540 			break;
541 
542 		case 'B':
543 			/* boolean */
544 			while (len > 0) {
545 				if (!first)
546 					ND_PRINT((ndo, ","));
547 				switch (*bp) {
548 				case 0:
549 					ND_PRINT((ndo, "N"));
550 					break;
551 				case 1:
552 					ND_PRINT((ndo, "Y"));
553 					break;
554 				default:
555 					ND_PRINT((ndo, "%u?", *bp));
556 					break;
557 				}
558 				++bp;
559 				--len;
560 				first = 0;
561 			}
562 			break;
563 
564 		case 'b':
565 		case 'x':
566 		default:
567 			/* Bytes */
568 			while (len > 0) {
569 				if (!first)
570 					ND_PRINT((ndo, c == 'x' ? ":" : "."));
571 				if (c == 'x')
572 					ND_PRINT((ndo, "%02x", *bp));
573 				else
574 					ND_PRINT((ndo, "%u", *bp));
575 				++bp;
576 				--len;
577 				first = 0;
578 			}
579 			break;
580 
581 		case '$':
582 			/* Guys we can't handle with one of the usual cases */
583 			switch (tag) {
584 
585 			case TAG_NETBIOS_NODE:
586 				/* this option should be at least 1 byte long */
587 				if (len < 1)  {
588 					ND_PRINT((ndo, "ERROR: option %u len %u < 1 bytes",
589 					    TAG_NETBIOS_NODE, len));
590 					break;
591 				}
592 				tag = *bp++;
593 				--len;
594 				ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", tok2str(nbo2str, NULL, tag)));
595 				break;
596 
597 			case TAG_OPT_OVERLOAD:
598 				/* this option should be at least 1 byte long */
599 				if (len < 1)  {
600 					ND_PRINT((ndo, "ERROR: option %u len %u < 1 bytes",
601 					    TAG_OPT_OVERLOAD, len));
602 					break;
603 				}
604 				tag = *bp++;
605 				--len;
606 				ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", tok2str(oo2str, NULL, tag)));
607 				break;
608 
609 			case TAG_CLIENT_FQDN:
610 				/* this option should be at least 3 bytes long */
611 				if (len < 3)  {
612 					ND_PRINT((ndo, "ERROR: option %u len %u < 3 bytes",
613 					    TAG_CLIENT_FQDN, len));
614 					bp += len;
615 					len = 0;
616 					break;
617 				}
618 				if (*bp)
619 					ND_PRINT((ndo, "[%s] ", client_fqdn_flags(*bp)));
620 				bp++;
621 				if (*bp || *(bp+1))
622 					ND_PRINT((ndo, "%u/%u ", *bp, *(bp+1)));
623 				bp += 2;
624 				ND_PRINT((ndo, "\""));
625 				if (fn_printn(ndo, bp, len - 3, ndo->ndo_snapend)) {
626 					ND_PRINT((ndo, "\""));
627 					goto trunc;
628 				}
629 				ND_PRINT((ndo, "\""));
630 				bp += len - 3;
631 				len = 0;
632 				break;
633 
634 			case TAG_CLIENT_ID:
635 			    {	int type;
636 
637 				/* this option should be at least 1 byte long */
638 				if (len < 1)  {
639 					ND_PRINT((ndo, "ERROR: option %u len %u < 1 bytes",
640 					    TAG_CLIENT_ID, len));
641 					break;
642 				}
643 				type = *bp++;
644 				len--;
645 				if (type == 0) {
646 					ND_PRINT((ndo, "\""));
647 					if (fn_printn(ndo, bp, len, ndo->ndo_snapend)) {
648 						ND_PRINT((ndo, "\""));
649 						goto trunc;
650 					}
651 					ND_PRINT((ndo, "\""));
652 					bp += len;
653 					len = 0;
654 					break;
655 				} else {
656 					ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s ", tok2str(arp2str, "hardware-type %u,", type)));
657 					while (len > 0) {
658 						if (!first)
659 							ND_PRINT((ndo, ":"));
660 						ND_PRINT((ndo, "%02x", *bp));
661 						++bp;
662 						--len;
663 						first = 0;
664 					}
665 				}
666 				break;
667 			    }
668 
669 			case TAG_AGENT_CIRCUIT:
670 				while (len >= 2) {
671 					subopt = *bp++;
672 					suboptlen = *bp++;
673 					len -= 2;
674 					if (suboptlen > len) {
675 						ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s SubOption %u, length %u: length goes past end of option",
676 						   tok2str(agent_suboption_values, "Unknown", subopt),
677 						   subopt,
678 						   suboptlen));
679 						bp += len;
680 						len = 0;
681 						break;
682 					}
683 					ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t      %s SubOption %u, length %u: ",
684 					   tok2str(agent_suboption_values, "Unknown", subopt),
685 					   subopt,
686 					   suboptlen));
687 					switch (subopt) {
688 
689 					case AGENT_SUBOPTION_CIRCUIT_ID: /* fall through */
690 					case AGENT_SUBOPTION_REMOTE_ID:
691 					case AGENT_SUBOPTION_SUBSCRIBER_ID:
692 						fn_printn(ndo, bp, suboptlen, NULL);
693 						break;
694 
695 					default:
696 						print_unknown_data(ndo, bp, "\n\t\t", suboptlen);
697 					}
698 
699 					len -= suboptlen;
700 					bp += suboptlen;
701 			    }
702 			    break;
703 
704 			case TAG_CLASSLESS_STATIC_RT:
705 			case TAG_CLASSLESS_STA_RT_MS:
706 			{
707 				u_int mask_width, significant_octets, i;
708 
709 				/* this option should be at least 5 bytes long */
710 				if (len < 5)  {
711 					ND_PRINT((ndo, "ERROR: option %u len %u < 5 bytes",
712 					    TAG_CLASSLESS_STATIC_RT, len));
713 					bp += len;
714 					len = 0;
715 					break;
716 				}
717 				while (len > 0) {
718 					if (!first)
719 						ND_PRINT((ndo, ","));
720 					mask_width = *bp++;
721 					len--;
722 					/* mask_width <= 32 */
723 					if (mask_width > 32) {
724 						ND_PRINT((ndo, "[ERROR: Mask width (%d) > 32]",  mask_width));
725 						bp += len;
726 						len = 0;
727 						break;
728 					}
729 					significant_octets = (mask_width + 7) / 8;
730 					/* significant octets + router(4) */
731 					if (len < significant_octets + 4) {
732 						ND_PRINT((ndo, "[ERROR: Remaining length (%u) < %u bytes]",  len, significant_octets + 4));
733 						bp += len;
734 						len = 0;
735 						break;
736 					}
737 					ND_PRINT((ndo, "("));
738 					if (mask_width == 0)
739 						ND_PRINT((ndo, "default"));
740 					else {
741 						for (i = 0; i < significant_octets ; i++) {
742 							if (i > 0)
743 								ND_PRINT((ndo, "."));
744 							ND_PRINT((ndo, "%d", *bp++));
745 						}
746 						for (i = significant_octets ; i < 4 ; i++)
747 							ND_PRINT((ndo, ".0"));
748 						ND_PRINT((ndo, "/%d", mask_width));
749 					}
750 					memcpy((char *)&ul, (const char *)bp, sizeof(ul));
751 					ND_PRINT((ndo, ":%s)", ipaddr_string(ndo, &ul)));
752 					bp += sizeof(ul);
753 					len -= (significant_octets + 4);
754 					first = 0;
755 				}
756 			}
757 			break;
758 
759 			default:
760 				ND_PRINT((ndo, "[unknown special tag %u, size %u]",
761 				    tag, len));
762 				bp += len;
763 				len = 0;
764 				break;
765 			}
766 			break;
767 		}
768 		/* Data left over? */
769 		if (len) {
770 			ND_PRINT((ndo, "\n\t  trailing data length %u", len));
771 			bp += len;
772 		}
773 	}
774 	return;
775 trunc:
776 	ND_PRINT((ndo, "|[rfc1048]"));
777 }
778 
779 static void
780 cmu_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
781           register const u_char *bp)
782 {
783 	register const struct cmu_vend *cmu;
784 
785 #define PRINTCMUADDR(m, s) { ND_TCHECK(cmu->m); \
786     if (cmu->m.s_addr != 0) \
787 	ND_PRINT((ndo, " %s:%s", s, ipaddr_string(ndo, &cmu->m.s_addr))); }
788 
789 	ND_PRINT((ndo, " vend-cmu"));
790 	cmu = (const struct cmu_vend *)bp;
791 
792 	/* Only print if there are unknown bits */
793 	ND_TCHECK(cmu->v_flags);
794 	if ((cmu->v_flags & ~(VF_SMASK)) != 0)
795 		ND_PRINT((ndo, " F:0x%x", cmu->v_flags));
796 	PRINTCMUADDR(v_dgate, "DG");
797 	PRINTCMUADDR(v_smask, cmu->v_flags & VF_SMASK ? "SM" : "SM*");
798 	PRINTCMUADDR(v_dns1, "NS1");
799 	PRINTCMUADDR(v_dns2, "NS2");
800 	PRINTCMUADDR(v_ins1, "IEN1");
801 	PRINTCMUADDR(v_ins2, "IEN2");
802 	PRINTCMUADDR(v_ts1, "TS1");
803 	PRINTCMUADDR(v_ts2, "TS2");
804 	return;
805 
806 trunc:
807 	ND_PRINT((ndo, "%s", tstr));
808 #undef PRINTCMUADDR
809 }
810 
811 static char *
812 client_fqdn_flags(u_int flags)
813 {
814 	static char buf[8+1];
815 	int i = 0;
816 
817 	if (flags & CLIENT_FQDN_FLAGS_S)
818 		buf[i++] = 'S';
819 	if (flags & CLIENT_FQDN_FLAGS_O)
820 		buf[i++] = 'O';
821 	if (flags & CLIENT_FQDN_FLAGS_E)
822 		buf[i++] = 'E';
823 	if (flags & CLIENT_FQDN_FLAGS_N)
824 		buf[i++] = 'N';
825 	buf[i] = '\0';
826 
827 	return buf;
828 }
829