xref: /netbsd-src/external/bsd/file/dist/src/magic.c (revision 1b9578b8c2c1f848eeb16dabbfd7d1f0d9fdefbd)
1 /*	$NetBSD: magic.c,v 1.3 2011/05/13 01:52:13 christos Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) Christos Zoulas 2003.
5  * All Rights Reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice immediately at the beginning of the file, without modification,
12  *    this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
21  * ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29 
30 #ifdef WIN32
31 #include <windows.h>
32 #include <shlwapi.h>
33 #endif
34 
35 #include "file.h"
36 
37 #ifndef	lint
38 #if 0
39 FILE_RCSID("@(#)$File: magic.c,v 1.73 2011/05/10 17:08:14 christos Exp $")
40 #else
41 __RCSID("$NetBSD: magic.c,v 1.3 2011/05/13 01:52:13 christos Exp $");
42 #endif
43 #endif	/* lint */
44 
45 #include "magic.h"
46 
47 #include <stdlib.h>
48 #include <unistd.h>
49 #include <string.h>
50 #ifdef QUICK
51 #include <sys/mman.h>
52 #endif
53 #ifdef HAVE_LIMITS_H
54 #include <limits.h>	/* for PIPE_BUF */
55 #endif
56 
57 #if defined(HAVE_UTIMES)
58 # include <sys/time.h>
59 #elif defined(HAVE_UTIME)
60 # if defined(HAVE_SYS_UTIME_H)
61 #  include <sys/utime.h>
62 # elif defined(HAVE_UTIME_H)
63 #  include <utime.h>
64 # endif
65 #endif
66 
67 #ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
68 #include <unistd.h>	/* for read() */
69 #endif
70 
71 #ifndef PIPE_BUF
72 /* Get the PIPE_BUF from pathconf */
73 #ifdef _PC_PIPE_BUF
74 #define PIPE_BUF pathconf(".", _PC_PIPE_BUF)
75 #else
76 #define PIPE_BUF 512
77 #endif
78 #endif
79 
80 private void free_mlist(struct mlist *);
81 private void close_and_restore(const struct magic_set *, const char *, int,
82     const struct stat *);
83 private int unreadable_info(struct magic_set *, mode_t, const char *);
84 private const char* get_default_magic(void);
85 #ifndef COMPILE_ONLY
86 private const char *file_or_fd(struct magic_set *, const char *, int);
87 #endif
88 
89 #ifndef	STDIN_FILENO
90 #define	STDIN_FILENO	0
91 #endif
92 
93 #ifdef WIN32
94 BOOL WINAPI DllMain(HINSTANCE hinstDLL,
95     DWORD fdwReason __attribute__((__unused__)),
96     LPVOID lpvReserved __attribute__((__unused__)));
97 
98 CHAR dllpath[MAX_PATH + 1] = { 0 };
99 
100 BOOL WINAPI DllMain(HINSTANCE hinstDLL,
101     DWORD fdwReason __attribute__((__unused__)),
102     LPVOID lpvReserved __attribute__((__unused__)))
103 {
104 	if (dllpath[0] == 0 &&
105 	    GetModuleFileNameA(hinstDLL, dllpath, MAX_PATH) != 0)
106 		PathRemoveFileSpecA(dllpath);
107 	return TRUE;
108 }
109 #endif
110 
111 private const char *
112 get_default_magic(void)
113 {
114 	static const char hmagic[] = "/.magic/magic.mgc";
115 	static char *default_magic;
116 	char *home, *hmagicpath;
117 
118 #ifndef WIN32
119 	struct stat st;
120 
121 	if (default_magic) {
122 		free(default_magic);
123 		default_magic = NULL;
124 	}
125 	if ((home = getenv("HOME")) == NULL)
126 		return MAGIC;
127 
128 	if (asprintf(&hmagicpath, "%s/.magic", home) < 0)
129 		return MAGIC;
130 	if (stat(hmagicpath, &st) == -1)
131 		goto out;
132 	if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
133 		free(hmagicpath);
134 		if (asprintf(&hmagicpath, "%s/%s", home, hmagic) < 0)
135 			return MAGIC;
136 		if (access(hmagicpath, R_OK) == -1)
137 			goto out;
138 	}
139 
140 	if (asprintf(&default_magic, "%s:%s", hmagicpath, MAGIC) < 0)
141 		goto out;
142 	free(hmagicpath);
143 	return default_magic;
144 out:
145 	default_magic = NULL;
146 	free(hmagicpath);
147 	return MAGIC;
148 #else
149 	char *hmagicp = hmagicpath;
150 	char *tmppath = NULL;
151 
152 #define APPENDPATH() \
153 	do { \
154 		if (tmppath && access(tmppath, R_OK) != -1) { \
155 			if (hmagicpath == NULL) { \
156 				hmagicpath = tmppath; \
157 				tmppath = NULL; \
158 			} else { \
159 				free(tmppath); \
160 				if (asprintf(&hmagicp, "%s%c%s", hmagicpath, \
161 				    PATHSEP, tmppath) >= 0) { \
162 					free(hmagicpath); \
163 					hmagicpath = hmagicp; \
164 				} \
165 			} \
166 	} while (/*CONSTCOND*/0)
167 
168 	if (default_magic) {
169 		free(default_magic);
170 		default_magic = NULL;
171 	}
172 
173 	/* First, try to get user-specific magic file */
174 	if ((home = getenv("LOCALAPPDATA")) == NULL) {
175 		if ((home = getenv("USERPROFILE")) != NULL)
176 			if (asprintf(&tmppath,
177 			    "%s/Local Settings/Application Data%s", home,
178 			    hmagic) < 0)
179 				tmppath = NULL;
180 	} else {
181 		if (asprintf(&tmppath, "%s%s", home, hmagic) < 0)
182 			tmppath = NULL;
183 	}
184 
185 	APPENDPATH();
186 
187 	/* Second, try to get a magic file from Common Files */
188 	if ((home = getenv("COMMONPROGRAMFILES")) != NULL) {
189 		if (asprintf(&tmppath, "%s%s", home, hmagic) >= 0)
190 			APPENDPATH();
191 	}
192 
193 
194 	/* Third, try to get magic file relative to dll location */
195 	if (dllpath[0] != 0) {
196 		if (strlen(dllpath) > 3 &&
197 		    stricmp(&dllpath[strlen(dllpath) - 3], "bin") == 0) {
198 			if (asprintf(&tmppath,
199 			    "%s/../share/misc/magic.mgc", dllpath) >= 0)
200 				APPENDPATH();
201 		} else {
202 			if (asprintf(&tmppath,
203 			    "%s/share/misc/magic.mgc", dllpath) >= 0)
204 				APPENDPATH();
205 			else if (asprintf(&tmppath,
206 			    "%s/magic.mgc", dllpath) >= 0)
207 				APPENDPATH();
208 		}
209 	}
210 
211 	/* Don't put MAGIC constant - it likely points to a file within MSys
212 	tree */
213 	default_magic = hmagicpath;
214 	return default_magic;
215 #endif
216 }
217 
218 public const char *
219 magic_getpath(const char *magicfile, int action)
220 {
221 	if (magicfile != NULL)
222 		return magicfile;
223 
224 	magicfile = getenv("MAGIC");
225 	if (magicfile != NULL)
226 		return magicfile;
227 
228 	return action == FILE_LOAD ? get_default_magic() : MAGIC;
229 }
230 
231 public struct magic_set *
232 magic_open(int flags)
233 {
234 	struct magic_set *ms;
235 	size_t len;
236 
237 	if ((ms = CAST(struct magic_set *, calloc((size_t)1,
238 	    sizeof(struct magic_set)))) == NULL)
239 		return NULL;
240 
241 	if (magic_setflags(ms, flags) == -1) {
242 		errno = EINVAL;
243 		goto free;
244 	}
245 
246 	ms->o.buf = ms->o.pbuf = NULL;
247 	len = (ms->c.len = 10) * sizeof(*ms->c.li);
248 
249 	if ((ms->c.li = CAST(struct level_info *, malloc(len))) == NULL)
250 		goto free;
251 
252 	ms->event_flags = 0;
253 	ms->error = -1;
254 	ms->mlist = NULL;
255 	ms->file = "unknown";
256 	ms->line = 0;
257 	return ms;
258 free:
259 	free(ms);
260 	return NULL;
261 }
262 
263 private void
264 free_mlist(struct mlist *mlist)
265 {
266 	struct mlist *ml;
267 
268 	if (mlist == NULL)
269 		return;
270 
271 	for (ml = mlist->next; ml != mlist;) {
272 		struct mlist *next = ml->next;
273 		struct magic *mg = ml->magic;
274 		file_delmagic(mg, ml->mapped, ml->nmagic);
275 		free(ml);
276 		ml = next;
277 	}
278 	free(ml);
279 }
280 
281 private int
282 unreadable_info(struct magic_set *ms, mode_t md, const char *file)
283 {
284 	/* We cannot open it, but we were able to stat it. */
285 	if (access(file, W_OK) == 0)
286 		if (file_printf(ms, "writable, ") == -1)
287 			return -1;
288 	if (access(file, X_OK) == 0)
289 		if (file_printf(ms, "executable, ") == -1)
290 			return -1;
291 	if (S_ISREG(md))
292 		if (file_printf(ms, "regular file, ") == -1)
293 			return -1;
294 	if (file_printf(ms, "no read permission") == -1)
295 		return -1;
296 	return 0;
297 }
298 
299 public void
300 magic_close(struct magic_set *ms)
301 {
302 	free_mlist(ms->mlist);
303 	free(ms->o.pbuf);
304 	free(ms->o.buf);
305 	free(ms->c.li);
306 	free(ms);
307 }
308 
309 /*
310  * load a magic file
311  */
312 public int
313 magic_load(struct magic_set *ms, const char *magicfile)
314 {
315 	struct mlist *ml = file_apprentice(ms, magicfile, FILE_LOAD);
316 	if (ml) {
317 		free_mlist(ms->mlist);
318 		ms->mlist = ml;
319 		return 0;
320 	}
321 	return -1;
322 }
323 
324 public int
325 magic_compile(struct magic_set *ms, const char *magicfile)
326 {
327 	struct mlist *ml = file_apprentice(ms, magicfile, FILE_COMPILE);
328 	free_mlist(ml);
329 	return ml ? 0 : -1;
330 }
331 
332 public int
333 magic_check(struct magic_set *ms, const char *magicfile)
334 {
335 	struct mlist *ml = file_apprentice(ms, magicfile, FILE_CHECK);
336 	free_mlist(ml);
337 	return ml ? 0 : -1;
338 }
339 
340 public int
341 magic_list(struct magic_set *ms, const char *magicfile)
342 {
343 	struct mlist *ml = file_apprentice(ms, magicfile, FILE_LIST);
344 	free_mlist(ml);
345 	return ml ? 0 : -1;
346 }
347 
348 private void
349 close_and_restore(const struct magic_set *ms, const char *name, int fd,
350     const struct stat *sb)
351 {
352 	if (fd == STDIN_FILENO)
353 		return;
354 	(void) close(fd);
355 
356 	if ((ms->flags & MAGIC_PRESERVE_ATIME) != 0) {
357 		/*
358 		 * Try to restore access, modification times if read it.
359 		 * This is really *bad* because it will modify the status
360 		 * time of the file... And of course this will affect
361 		 * backup programs
362 		 */
363 #ifdef HAVE_UTIMES
364 		struct timeval  utsbuf[2];
365 		(void)memset(utsbuf, 0, sizeof(utsbuf));
366 		utsbuf[0].tv_sec = sb->st_atime;
367 		utsbuf[1].tv_sec = sb->st_mtime;
368 
369 		(void) utimes(name, utsbuf); /* don't care if loses */
370 #elif defined(HAVE_UTIME_H) || defined(HAVE_SYS_UTIME_H)
371 		struct utimbuf  utbuf;
372 
373 		(void)memset(&utbuf, 0, sizeof(utbuf));
374 		utbuf.actime = sb->st_atime;
375 		utbuf.modtime = sb->st_mtime;
376 		(void) utime(name, &utbuf); /* don't care if loses */
377 #endif
378 	}
379 }
380 
381 #ifndef COMPILE_ONLY
382 
383 /*
384  * find type of descriptor
385  */
386 public const char *
387 magic_descriptor(struct magic_set *ms, int fd)
388 {
389 	return file_or_fd(ms, NULL, fd);
390 }
391 
392 /*
393  * find type of named file
394  */
395 public const char *
396 magic_file(struct magic_set *ms, const char *inname)
397 {
398 	return file_or_fd(ms, inname, STDIN_FILENO);
399 }
400 
401 private const char *
402 file_or_fd(struct magic_set *ms, const char *inname, int fd)
403 {
404 	int	rv = -1;
405 	unsigned char *buf;
406 	struct stat	sb;
407 	ssize_t nbytes = 0;	/* number of bytes read from a datafile */
408 	int	ispipe = 0;
409 
410 	/*
411 	 * one extra for terminating '\0', and
412 	 * some overlapping space for matches near EOF
413 	 */
414 #define SLOP (1 + sizeof(union VALUETYPE))
415 	if ((buf = CAST(unsigned char *, malloc(HOWMANY + SLOP))) == NULL)
416 		return NULL;
417 
418 	if (file_reset(ms) == -1)
419 		goto done;
420 
421 	switch (file_fsmagic(ms, inname, &sb)) {
422 	case -1:		/* error */
423 		goto done;
424 	case 0:			/* nothing found */
425 		break;
426 	default:		/* matched it and printed type */
427 		rv = 0;
428 		goto done;
429 	}
430 
431 	if (inname == NULL) {
432 		if (fstat(fd, &sb) == 0 && S_ISFIFO(sb.st_mode))
433 			ispipe = 1;
434 	} else {
435 		int flags = O_RDONLY|O_BINARY;
436 
437 		if (stat(inname, &sb) == 0 && S_ISFIFO(sb.st_mode)) {
438 #ifdef O_NONBLOCK
439 			flags |= O_NONBLOCK;
440 #endif
441 			ispipe = 1;
442 		}
443 
444 		errno = 0;
445 		if ((fd = open(inname, flags)) < 0) {
446 			if (unreadable_info(ms, sb.st_mode, inname) == -1)
447 				goto done;
448 			rv = 0;
449 			goto done;
450 		}
451 #ifdef O_NONBLOCK
452 		if ((flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL)) != -1) {
453 			flags &= ~O_NONBLOCK;
454 			(void)fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, flags);
455 		}
456 #endif
457 	}
458 
459 	/*
460 	 * try looking at the first HOWMANY bytes
461 	 */
462 	if (ispipe) {
463 		ssize_t r = 0;
464 
465 		while ((r = sread(fd, (void *)&buf[nbytes],
466 		    (size_t)(HOWMANY - nbytes), 1)) > 0) {
467 			nbytes += r;
468 			if (r < PIPE_BUF) break;
469 		}
470 
471 		if (nbytes == 0) {
472 			/* We can not read it, but we were able to stat it. */
473 			if (unreadable_info(ms, sb.st_mode, inname) == -1)
474 				goto done;
475 			rv = 0;
476 			goto done;
477 		}
478 
479 	} else {
480 		if ((nbytes = read(fd, (char *)buf, HOWMANY)) == -1) {
481 			file_error(ms, errno, "cannot read `%s'", inname);
482 			goto done;
483 		}
484 	}
485 
486 	(void)memset(buf + nbytes, 0, SLOP); /* NUL terminate */
487 	if (file_buffer(ms, fd, inname, buf, (size_t)nbytes) == -1)
488 		goto done;
489 	rv = 0;
490 done:
491 	free(buf);
492 	close_and_restore(ms, inname, fd, &sb);
493 	return rv == 0 ? file_getbuffer(ms) : NULL;
494 }
495 
496 
497 public const char *
498 magic_buffer(struct magic_set *ms, const void *buf, size_t nb)
499 {
500 	if (file_reset(ms) == -1)
501 		return NULL;
502 	/*
503 	 * The main work is done here!
504 	 * We have the file name and/or the data buffer to be identified.
505 	 */
506 	if (file_buffer(ms, -1, NULL, buf, nb) == -1) {
507 		return NULL;
508 	}
509 	return file_getbuffer(ms);
510 }
511 #endif
512 
513 public const char *
514 magic_error(struct magic_set *ms)
515 {
516 	return (ms->event_flags & EVENT_HAD_ERR) ? ms->o.buf : NULL;
517 }
518 
519 public int
520 magic_errno(struct magic_set *ms)
521 {
522 	return (ms->event_flags & EVENT_HAD_ERR) ? ms->error : 0;
523 }
524 
525 public int
526 magic_setflags(struct magic_set *ms, int flags)
527 {
528 #if !defined(HAVE_UTIME) && !defined(HAVE_UTIMES)
529 	if (flags & MAGIC_PRESERVE_ATIME)
530 		return -1;
531 #endif
532 	ms->flags = flags;
533 	return 0;
534 }
535