xref: /netbsd-src/external/bsd/file/dist/src/apprentice.c (revision ba65fde2d7fefa7d39838fa5fa855e62bd606b5e)
1 /*	$NetBSD: apprentice.c,v 1.8 2013/01/03 23:05:38 christos Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) Ian F. Darwin 1986-1995.
5  * Software written by Ian F. Darwin and others;
6  * maintained 1995-present by Christos Zoulas and others.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice immediately at the beginning of the file, without modification,
13  *    this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer.
14  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17  *
18  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
19  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
20  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
21  * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
22  * ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
23  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
24  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
25  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
26  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
27  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
28  * SUCH DAMAGE.
29  */
30 /*
31  * apprentice - make one pass through /etc/magic, learning its secrets.
32  */
33 
34 #include "file.h"
35 
36 #ifndef	lint
37 #if 0
38 FILE_RCSID("@(#)$File: apprentice.c,v 1.180 2012/11/21 16:27:07 christos Exp $")
39 #else
40 __RCSID("$NetBSD: apprentice.c,v 1.8 2013/01/03 23:05:38 christos Exp $");
41 #endif
42 #endif	/* lint */
43 
44 #include "magic.h"
45 #include <stdlib.h>
46 #ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
47 #include <unistd.h>
48 #endif
49 #include <string.h>
50 #include <assert.h>
51 #include <ctype.h>
52 #include <fcntl.h>
53 #ifdef QUICK
54 #include <sys/mman.h>
55 #endif
56 #include <dirent.h>
57 
58 #define	EATAB {while (isascii((unsigned char) *l) && \
59 		      isspace((unsigned char) *l))  ++l;}
60 #define LOWCASE(l) (isupper((unsigned char) (l)) ? \
61 			tolower((unsigned char) (l)) : (l))
62 /*
63  * Work around a bug in headers on Digital Unix.
64  * At least confirmed for: OSF1 V4.0 878
65  */
66 #if defined(__osf__) && defined(__DECC)
67 #ifdef MAP_FAILED
68 #undef MAP_FAILED
69 #endif
70 #endif
71 
72 #ifndef MAP_FAILED
73 #define MAP_FAILED (void *) -1
74 #endif
75 
76 #ifndef MAP_FILE
77 #define MAP_FILE 0
78 #endif
79 
80 #define ALLOC_CHUNK	(size_t)10
81 #define ALLOC_INCR	(size_t)200
82 
83 struct magic_entry {
84 	struct magic *mp;
85 	uint32_t cont_count;
86 	uint32_t max_count;
87 };
88 
89 int file_formats[FILE_NAMES_SIZE];
90 const size_t file_nformats = FILE_NAMES_SIZE;
91 const char *file_names[FILE_NAMES_SIZE];
92 const size_t file_nnames = FILE_NAMES_SIZE;
93 
94 private int getvalue(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic *, const char **, int);
95 private int hextoint(int);
96 private const char *getstr(struct magic_set *, struct magic *, const char *,
97     int);
98 private int parse(struct magic_set *, struct magic_entry *, const char *,
99     size_t, int);
100 private void eatsize(const char **);
101 private int apprentice_1(struct magic_set *, const char *, int);
102 private size_t apprentice_magic_strength(const struct magic *);
103 private int apprentice_sort(const void *, const void *);
104 private void apprentice_list(struct mlist *, int );
105 private int apprentice_load(struct magic_set *, struct magic **, uint32_t *,
106     const char *, int);
107 private struct mlist *mlist_alloc(void);
108 private void mlist_free(struct mlist *);
109 private void byteswap(struct magic *, uint32_t);
110 private void bs1(struct magic *);
111 private uint16_t swap2(uint16_t);
112 private uint32_t swap4(uint32_t);
113 private uint64_t swap8(uint64_t);
114 private char *mkdbname(struct magic_set *, const char *, int);
115 private int apprentice_map(struct magic_set *, struct magic **, uint32_t *,
116     const char *);
117 private int apprentice_compile(struct magic_set *, struct magic **, uint32_t *,
118     const char *);
119 private int check_format_type(const char *, int);
120 private int check_format(struct magic_set *, struct magic *);
121 private int get_op(char);
122 private int parse_mime(struct magic_set *, struct magic_entry *, const char *);
123 private int parse_strength(struct magic_set *, struct magic_entry *, const char *);
124 private int parse_apple(struct magic_set *, struct magic_entry *, const char *);
125 
126 
127 private size_t maxmagic[MAGIC_SETS] = { 0 };
128 private size_t magicsize = sizeof(struct magic);
129 
130 private const char usg_hdr[] = "cont\toffset\ttype\topcode\tmask\tvalue\tdesc";
131 
132 private struct {
133 	const char *name;
134 	size_t len;
135 	int (*fun)(struct magic_set *, struct magic_entry *, const char *);
136 } bang[] = {
137 #define	DECLARE_FIELD(name) { # name, sizeof(# name) - 1, parse_ ## name }
138 	DECLARE_FIELD(mime),
139 	DECLARE_FIELD(apple),
140 	DECLARE_FIELD(strength),
141 #undef	DECLARE_FIELD
142 	{ NULL, 0, NULL }
143 };
144 
145 #ifdef COMPILE_ONLY
146 
147 int main(int, char *[]);
148 
149 int
150 main(int argc, char *argv[])
151 {
152 	int ret;
153 	struct magic_set *ms;
154 	char *progname;
155 
156 	if ((progname = strrchr(argv[0], '/')) != NULL)
157 		progname++;
158 	else
159 		progname = argv[0];
160 
161 	if (argc != 2) {
162 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s file\n", progname);
163 		return 1;
164 	}
165 
166 	if ((ms = magic_open(MAGIC_CHECK)) == NULL) {
167 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", progname, strerror(errno));
168 		return 1;
169 	}
170 	ret = magic_compile(ms, argv[1]) == -1 ? 1 : 0;
171 	if (ret == 1)
172 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", progname, magic_error(ms));
173 	magic_close(ms);
174 	return ret;
175 }
176 #endif /* COMPILE_ONLY */
177 
178 static const struct type_tbl_s {
179 	const char name[16];
180 	const size_t len;
181 	const int type;
182 	const int format;
183 } type_tbl[] = {
184 # define XX(s)		s, (sizeof(s) - 1)
185 # define XX_NULL	"", 0
186 	{ XX("byte"),		FILE_BYTE,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
187 	{ XX("short"),		FILE_SHORT,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
188 	{ XX("default"),	FILE_DEFAULT,		FILE_FMT_STR },
189 	{ XX("long"),		FILE_LONG,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
190 	{ XX("string"),		FILE_STRING,		FILE_FMT_STR },
191 	{ XX("date"),		FILE_DATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
192 	{ XX("beshort"),	FILE_BESHORT,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
193 	{ XX("belong"),		FILE_BELONG,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
194 	{ XX("bedate"),		FILE_BEDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
195 	{ XX("leshort"),	FILE_LESHORT,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
196 	{ XX("lelong"),		FILE_LELONG,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
197 	{ XX("ledate"),		FILE_LEDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
198 	{ XX("pstring"),	FILE_PSTRING,		FILE_FMT_STR },
199 	{ XX("ldate"),		FILE_LDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
200 	{ XX("beldate"),	FILE_BELDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
201 	{ XX("leldate"),	FILE_LELDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
202 	{ XX("regex"),		FILE_REGEX,		FILE_FMT_STR },
203 	{ XX("bestring16"),	FILE_BESTRING16,	FILE_FMT_STR },
204 	{ XX("lestring16"),	FILE_LESTRING16,	FILE_FMT_STR },
205 	{ XX("search"),		FILE_SEARCH,		FILE_FMT_STR },
206 	{ XX("medate"),		FILE_MEDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
207 	{ XX("meldate"),	FILE_MELDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
208 	{ XX("melong"),		FILE_MELONG,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
209 	{ XX("quad"),		FILE_QUAD,		FILE_FMT_QUAD },
210 	{ XX("lequad"),		FILE_LEQUAD,		FILE_FMT_QUAD },
211 	{ XX("bequad"),		FILE_BEQUAD,		FILE_FMT_QUAD },
212 	{ XX("qdate"),		FILE_QDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
213 	{ XX("leqdate"),	FILE_LEQDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
214 	{ XX("beqdate"),	FILE_BEQDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
215 	{ XX("qldate"),		FILE_QLDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
216 	{ XX("leqldate"),	FILE_LEQLDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
217 	{ XX("beqldate"),	FILE_BEQLDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
218 	{ XX("float"),		FILE_FLOAT,		FILE_FMT_FLOAT },
219 	{ XX("befloat"),	FILE_BEFLOAT,		FILE_FMT_FLOAT },
220 	{ XX("lefloat"),	FILE_LEFLOAT,		FILE_FMT_FLOAT },
221 	{ XX("double"),		FILE_DOUBLE,		FILE_FMT_DOUBLE },
222 	{ XX("bedouble"),	FILE_BEDOUBLE,		FILE_FMT_DOUBLE },
223 	{ XX("ledouble"),	FILE_LEDOUBLE,		FILE_FMT_DOUBLE },
224 	{ XX("leid3"),		FILE_LEID3,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
225 	{ XX("beid3"),		FILE_BEID3,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
226 	{ XX("indirect"),	FILE_INDIRECT,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
227 	{ XX("qwdate"),		FILE_QWDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
228 	{ XX("leqwdate"),	FILE_LEQWDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
229 	{ XX("beqwdate"),	FILE_BEQWDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
230 	{ XX("name"),		FILE_NAME,		FILE_FMT_STR },
231 	{ XX("use"),		FILE_USE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
232 	{ XX_NULL,		FILE_INVALID,		FILE_FMT_NONE },
233 # undef XX
234 # undef XX_NULL
235 };
236 
237 private int
238 get_type(const char *l, const char **t)
239 {
240 	const struct type_tbl_s *p;
241 
242 	for (p = type_tbl; p->len; p++) {
243 		if (strncmp(l, p->name, p->len) == 0) {
244 			if (t)
245 				*t = l + p->len;
246 			break;
247 		}
248 	}
249 	return p->type;
250 }
251 
252 private void
253 init_file_tables(void)
254 {
255 	static int done = 0;
256 	const struct type_tbl_s *p;
257 
258 	if (done)
259 		return;
260 	done++;
261 
262 	for (p = type_tbl; p->len; p++) {
263 		assert(p->type < FILE_NAMES_SIZE);
264 		file_names[p->type] = p->name;
265 		file_formats[p->type] = p->format;
266 	}
267 }
268 
269 private int
270 add_mlist(struct mlist *mlp, struct magic *magic, uint32_t nmagic, int mapped)
271 {
272 	struct mlist *ml;
273 
274 	if ((ml = CAST(struct mlist *, malloc(sizeof(*ml)))) == NULL)
275 		return -1;
276 
277 	ml->magic = magic;
278 	ml->nmagic = nmagic;
279 	ml->mapped = mapped;
280 
281 	mlp->prev->next = ml;
282 	ml->prev = mlp->prev;
283 	ml->next = mlp;
284 	mlp->prev = ml;
285 	return 0;
286 }
287 
288 /*
289  * Handle one file or directory.
290  */
291 private int
292 apprentice_1(struct magic_set *ms, const char *fn, int action)
293 {
294 	struct magic *magic[MAGIC_SETS] = { NULL };
295 	uint32_t nmagic[MAGIC_SETS] = { 0 };
296 	struct mlist *ml;
297 	int rv = -1;
298 	int mapped;
299 	size_t i;
300 
301 	if (magicsize != FILE_MAGICSIZE) {
302 		file_error(ms, 0, "magic element size %lu != %lu",
303 		    (unsigned long)sizeof(*magic[0]),
304 		    (unsigned long)FILE_MAGICSIZE);
305 		return -1;
306 	}
307 
308 	if (action == FILE_COMPILE) {
309 		rv = apprentice_load(ms, magic, nmagic, fn, action);
310 		if (rv != 0)
311 			return -1;
312 		rv = apprentice_compile(ms, magic, nmagic, fn);
313 		return rv;
314 	}
315 
316 #ifndef COMPILE_ONLY
317 	if ((rv = apprentice_map(ms, magic, nmagic, fn)) < 0) {
318 		if (rv == -2)
319 			return -1;
320 		if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
321 			file_magwarn(ms, "using regular magic file `%s'", fn);
322 		rv = apprentice_load(ms, magic, nmagic, fn, action);
323 		if (rv != 0)
324 			return -1;
325 	}
326 
327 	mapped = rv;
328 
329 	for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++) {
330 		if (magic[i] == NULL)
331 			continue;
332 		if (add_mlist(ms->mlist[i], magic[i], nmagic[i], mapped) == -1)
333 		{
334 			i = i == 1 ? 0 : 1;
335 			file_delmagic(magic[i], mapped, nmagic[i]);
336 			file_oomem(ms, sizeof(*ml));
337 			return -1;
338 		}
339 	}
340 
341 	if (action == FILE_LIST) {
342 		for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++) {
343 			printf("Set %zu:\nBinary patterns:\n", i);
344 			apprentice_list(ms->mlist[i], BINTEST);
345 			printf("Text patterns:\n");
346 			apprentice_list(ms->mlist[i], TEXTTEST);
347 		}
348 	}
349 
350 	return 0;
351 #endif /* COMPILE_ONLY */
352 }
353 
354 protected void
355 file_ms_free(struct magic_set *ms)
356 {
357 	size_t i;
358 	if (ms == NULL)
359 		return;
360 	for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++)
361 		mlist_free(ms->mlist[i]);
362 	free(ms->o.pbuf);
363 	free(ms->o.buf);
364 	free(ms->c.li);
365 	free(ms);
366 }
367 
368 protected struct magic_set *
369 file_ms_alloc(int flags)
370 {
371 	struct magic_set *ms;
372 	size_t i, len;
373 
374 	if ((ms = CAST(struct magic_set *, calloc((size_t)1,
375 	    sizeof(struct magic_set)))) == NULL)
376 		return NULL;
377 
378 	if (magic_setflags(ms, flags) == -1) {
379 		errno = EINVAL;
380 		goto free;
381 	}
382 
383 	ms->o.buf = ms->o.pbuf = NULL;
384 	len = (ms->c.len = 10) * sizeof(*ms->c.li);
385 
386 	if ((ms->c.li = CAST(struct level_info *, malloc(len))) == NULL)
387 		goto free;
388 
389 	ms->event_flags = 0;
390 	ms->error = -1;
391 	for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++)
392 		ms->mlist[i] = NULL;
393 	ms->file = "unknown";
394 	ms->line = 0;
395 	return ms;
396 free:
397 	free(ms);
398 	return NULL;
399 }
400 
401 protected void
402 file_delmagic(struct magic *p, int type, size_t entries)
403 {
404 	if (p == NULL)
405 		return;
406 	switch (type) {
407 	case 2:
408 #ifdef QUICK
409 		p--;
410 		(void)munmap((void *)p, sizeof(*p) * (entries + 1));
411 		break;
412 #else
413 		(void)&entries;
414 		abort();
415 		/*NOTREACHED*/
416 #endif
417 	case 1:
418 		p--;
419 		/*FALLTHROUGH*/
420 	case 0:
421 		free(p);
422 		break;
423 	default:
424 		abort();
425 	}
426 }
427 
428 private struct mlist *
429 mlist_alloc(void)
430 {
431 	struct mlist *mlist;
432 	if ((mlist = CAST(struct mlist *, malloc(sizeof(*mlist)))) == NULL) {
433 		return NULL;
434 	}
435 	mlist->next = mlist->prev = mlist;
436 	return mlist;
437 }
438 
439 private void
440 mlist_free(struct mlist *mlist)
441 {
442 	struct mlist *ml;
443 
444 	if (mlist == NULL)
445 		return;
446 
447 	for (ml = mlist->next; ml != mlist;) {
448 		struct mlist *next = ml->next;
449 		struct magic *mg = ml->magic;
450 		file_delmagic(mg, ml->mapped, ml->nmagic);
451 		free(ml);
452 		ml = next;
453 	}
454 	free(ml);
455 }
456 
457 /* const char *fn: list of magic files and directories */
458 protected int
459 file_apprentice(struct magic_set *ms, const char *fn, int action)
460 {
461 	char *p, *mfn;
462 	int file_err, errs = -1;
463 	size_t i;
464 
465 	if ((fn = magic_getpath(fn, action)) == NULL)
466 		return -1;
467 
468 	init_file_tables();
469 
470 	if ((mfn = strdup(fn)) == NULL) {
471 		file_oomem(ms, strlen(fn));
472 		return -1;
473 	}
474 
475 	for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++) {
476 		mlist_free(ms->mlist[i]);
477 		if ((ms->mlist[i] = mlist_alloc()) == NULL) {
478 			file_oomem(ms, sizeof(*ms->mlist[i]));
479 			if (i != 0) {
480 				--i;
481 				do
482 					mlist_free(ms->mlist[i]);
483 				while (i != 0);
484 			}
485 			free(mfn);
486 			return -1;
487 		}
488 	}
489 	fn = mfn;
490 
491 	while (fn) {
492 		p = strchr(fn, PATHSEP);
493 		if (p)
494 			*p++ = '\0';
495 		if (*fn == '\0')
496 			break;
497 		file_err = apprentice_1(ms, fn, action);
498 		errs = MAX(errs, file_err);
499 		fn = p;
500 	}
501 
502 	free(mfn);
503 
504 	if (errs == -1) {
505 		for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++) {
506 			mlist_free(ms->mlist[i]);
507 			ms->mlist[i] = NULL;
508 		}
509 		file_error(ms, 0, "could not find any magic files!");
510 		return -1;
511 	}
512 
513 	if (action == FILE_LOAD)
514 		return 0;
515 
516 	for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++) {
517 		mlist_free(ms->mlist[i]);
518 		ms->mlist[i] = NULL;
519 	}
520 
521 	switch (action) {
522 	case FILE_COMPILE:
523 	case FILE_CHECK:
524 	case FILE_LIST:
525 		return 0;
526 	default:
527 		file_error(ms, 0, "Invalid action %d", action);
528 		return -1;
529 	}
530 }
531 
532 /*
533  * Get weight of this magic entry, for sorting purposes.
534  */
535 private size_t
536 apprentice_magic_strength(const struct magic *m)
537 {
538 #define MULT 10
539 	size_t val = 2 * MULT;	/* baseline strength */
540 
541 	switch (m->type) {
542 	case FILE_DEFAULT:	/* make sure this sorts last */
543 		if (m->factor_op != FILE_FACTOR_OP_NONE)
544 			abort();
545 		return 0;
546 
547 	case FILE_BYTE:
548 		val += 1 * MULT;
549 		break;
550 
551 	case FILE_SHORT:
552 	case FILE_LESHORT:
553 	case FILE_BESHORT:
554 		val += 2 * MULT;
555 		break;
556 
557 	case FILE_LONG:
558 	case FILE_LELONG:
559 	case FILE_BELONG:
560 	case FILE_MELONG:
561 		val += 4 * MULT;
562 		break;
563 
564 	case FILE_PSTRING:
565 	case FILE_STRING:
566 		val += m->vallen * MULT;
567 		break;
568 
569 	case FILE_BESTRING16:
570 	case FILE_LESTRING16:
571 		val += m->vallen * MULT / 2;
572 		break;
573 
574 	case FILE_SEARCH:
575 	case FILE_REGEX:
576 		val += m->vallen * MAX(MULT / m->vallen, 1);
577 		break;
578 
579 	case FILE_DATE:
580 	case FILE_LEDATE:
581 	case FILE_BEDATE:
582 	case FILE_MEDATE:
583 	case FILE_LDATE:
584 	case FILE_LELDATE:
585 	case FILE_BELDATE:
586 	case FILE_MELDATE:
587 	case FILE_FLOAT:
588 	case FILE_BEFLOAT:
589 	case FILE_LEFLOAT:
590 		val += 4 * MULT;
591 		break;
592 
593 	case FILE_QUAD:
594 	case FILE_BEQUAD:
595 	case FILE_LEQUAD:
596 	case FILE_QDATE:
597 	case FILE_LEQDATE:
598 	case FILE_BEQDATE:
599 	case FILE_QLDATE:
600 	case FILE_LEQLDATE:
601 	case FILE_BEQLDATE:
602 	case FILE_QWDATE:
603 	case FILE_LEQWDATE:
604 	case FILE_BEQWDATE:
605 	case FILE_DOUBLE:
606 	case FILE_BEDOUBLE:
607 	case FILE_LEDOUBLE:
608 		val += 8 * MULT;
609 		break;
610 
611 	case FILE_INDIRECT:
612 	case FILE_NAME:
613 	case FILE_USE:
614 		break;
615 
616 	default:
617 		val = 0;
618 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "Bad type %d\n", m->type);
619 		abort();
620 	}
621 
622 	switch (m->reln) {
623 	case 'x':	/* matches anything penalize */
624 	case '!':       /* matches almost anything penalize */
625 		val = 0;
626 		break;
627 
628 	case '=':	/* Exact match, prefer */
629 		val += MULT;
630 		break;
631 
632 	case '>':
633 	case '<':	/* comparison match reduce strength */
634 		val -= 2 * MULT;
635 		break;
636 
637 	case '^':
638 	case '&':	/* masking bits, we could count them too */
639 		val -= MULT;
640 		break;
641 
642 	default:
643 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "Bad relation %c\n", m->reln);
644 		abort();
645 	}
646 
647 	if (val == 0)	/* ensure we only return 0 for FILE_DEFAULT */
648 		val = 1;
649 
650 	switch (m->factor_op) {
651 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_NONE:
652 		break;
653 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_PLUS:
654 		val += m->factor;
655 		break;
656 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_MINUS:
657 		val -= m->factor;
658 		break;
659 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_TIMES:
660 		val *= m->factor;
661 		break;
662 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_DIV:
663 		val /= m->factor;
664 		break;
665 	default:
666 		abort();
667 	}
668 
669 	/*
670 	 * Magic entries with no description get a bonus because they depend
671 	 * on subsequent magic entries to print something.
672 	 */
673 	if (m->desc[0] == '\0')
674 		val++;
675 	return val;
676 }
677 
678 /*
679  * Sort callback for sorting entries by "strength" (basically length)
680  */
681 private int
682 apprentice_sort(const void *a, const void *b)
683 {
684 	const struct magic_entry *ma = CAST(const struct magic_entry *, a);
685 	const struct magic_entry *mb = CAST(const struct magic_entry *, b);
686 	size_t sa = apprentice_magic_strength(ma->mp);
687 	size_t sb = apprentice_magic_strength(mb->mp);
688 	if (sa == sb)
689 		return 0;
690 	else if (sa > sb)
691 		return -1;
692 	else
693 		return 1;
694 }
695 
696 /*
697  * Shows sorted patterns list in the order which is used for the matching
698  */
699 private void
700 apprentice_list(struct mlist *mlist, int mode)
701 {
702 	uint32_t magindex = 0;
703 	struct mlist *ml;
704 	for (ml = mlist->next; ml != mlist; ml = ml->next) {
705 		for (magindex = 0; magindex < ml->nmagic; magindex++) {
706 			struct magic *m = &ml->magic[magindex];
707 			if ((m->flag & mode) != mode) {
708 				/* Skip sub-tests */
709 				while (magindex + 1 < ml->nmagic &&
710 				       ml->magic[magindex + 1].cont_level != 0)
711 					++magindex;
712 				continue; /* Skip to next top-level test*/
713 			}
714 
715 			/*
716 			 * Try to iterate over the tree until we find item with
717 			 * description/mimetype.
718 			 */
719 			while (magindex + 1 < ml->nmagic &&
720 			       ml->magic[magindex + 1].cont_level != 0 &&
721 			       *ml->magic[magindex].desc == '\0' &&
722 			       *ml->magic[magindex].mimetype == '\0')
723 				magindex++;
724 
725 			printf("Strength = %3" SIZE_T_FORMAT "u : %s [%s]\n",
726 			    apprentice_magic_strength(m),
727 			    ml->magic[magindex].desc,
728 			    ml->magic[magindex].mimetype);
729 		}
730 	}
731 }
732 
733 private void
734 set_test_type(struct magic *mstart, struct magic *m)
735 {
736 	switch (m->type) {
737 	case FILE_BYTE:
738 	case FILE_SHORT:
739 	case FILE_LONG:
740 	case FILE_DATE:
741 	case FILE_BESHORT:
742 	case FILE_BELONG:
743 	case FILE_BEDATE:
744 	case FILE_LESHORT:
745 	case FILE_LELONG:
746 	case FILE_LEDATE:
747 	case FILE_LDATE:
748 	case FILE_BELDATE:
749 	case FILE_LELDATE:
750 	case FILE_MEDATE:
751 	case FILE_MELDATE:
752 	case FILE_MELONG:
753 	case FILE_QUAD:
754 	case FILE_LEQUAD:
755 	case FILE_BEQUAD:
756 	case FILE_QDATE:
757 	case FILE_LEQDATE:
758 	case FILE_BEQDATE:
759 	case FILE_QLDATE:
760 	case FILE_LEQLDATE:
761 	case FILE_BEQLDATE:
762 	case FILE_QWDATE:
763 	case FILE_LEQWDATE:
764 	case FILE_BEQWDATE:
765 	case FILE_FLOAT:
766 	case FILE_BEFLOAT:
767 	case FILE_LEFLOAT:
768 	case FILE_DOUBLE:
769 	case FILE_BEDOUBLE:
770 	case FILE_LEDOUBLE:
771 		mstart->flag |= BINTEST;
772 		break;
773 	case FILE_STRING:
774 	case FILE_PSTRING:
775 	case FILE_BESTRING16:
776 	case FILE_LESTRING16:
777 		/* Allow text overrides */
778 		if (mstart->str_flags & STRING_TEXTTEST)
779 			mstart->flag |= TEXTTEST;
780 		else
781 			mstart->flag |= BINTEST;
782 		break;
783 	case FILE_REGEX:
784 	case FILE_SEARCH:
785 		/* Check for override */
786 		if (mstart->str_flags & STRING_BINTEST)
787 			mstart->flag |= BINTEST;
788 		if (mstart->str_flags & STRING_TEXTTEST)
789 			mstart->flag |= TEXTTEST;
790 
791 		if (mstart->flag & (TEXTTEST|BINTEST))
792 			break;
793 
794 		/* binary test if pattern is not text */
795 		if (file_looks_utf8(m->value.us, (size_t)m->vallen, NULL,
796 		    NULL) <= 0)
797 			mstart->flag |= BINTEST;
798 		else
799 			mstart->flag |= TEXTTEST;
800 		break;
801 	case FILE_DEFAULT:
802 		/* can't deduce anything; we shouldn't see this at the
803 		   top level anyway */
804 		break;
805 	case FILE_INVALID:
806 	default:
807 		/* invalid search type, but no need to complain here */
808 		break;
809 	}
810 }
811 
812 private int
813 addentry(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_entry *me,
814    struct magic_entry **mentry, uint32_t *mentrycount)
815 {
816 	size_t i = me->mp->type == FILE_NAME ? 1 : 0;
817 	if (mentrycount[i] == maxmagic[i]) {
818 		struct magic_entry *mp;
819 
820 		maxmagic[i] += ALLOC_INCR;
821 		if ((mp = CAST(struct magic_entry *,
822 		    realloc(mentry[i], sizeof(*mp) * maxmagic[i]))) ==
823 		    NULL) {
824 			file_oomem(ms, sizeof(*mp) * maxmagic[i]);
825 			return -1;
826 		}
827 		(void)memset(&mp[mentrycount[i]], 0, sizeof(*mp) *
828 		    ALLOC_INCR);
829 		mentry[i] = mp;
830 	}
831 	mentry[i][mentrycount[i]++] = *me;
832 	memset(me, 0, sizeof(*me));
833 	return 0;
834 }
835 
836 /*
837  * Load and parse one file.
838  */
839 private void
840 load_1(struct magic_set *ms, int action, const char *fn, int *errs,
841    struct magic_entry **mentry, uint32_t *mentrycount)
842 {
843 	size_t lineno = 0, llen = 0;
844 	char *line = NULL;
845 	ssize_t len;
846 	struct magic_entry me;
847 
848 	FILE *f = fopen(ms->file = fn, "r");
849 	if (f == NULL) {
850 		if (errno != ENOENT)
851 			file_error(ms, errno, "cannot read magic file `%s'",
852 				   fn);
853 		(*errs)++;
854 		return;
855 	}
856 
857 	memset(&me, 0, sizeof(me));
858 	/* read and parse this file */
859 	for (ms->line = 1; (len = getline(&line, &llen, f)) != -1;
860 	    ms->line++) {
861 		if (len == 0) /* null line, garbage, etc */
862 			continue;
863 		if (line[len - 1] == '\n') {
864 			lineno++;
865 			line[len - 1] = '\0'; /* delete newline */
866 		}
867 		switch (line[0]) {
868 		case '\0':	/* empty, do not parse */
869 		case '#':	/* comment, do not parse */
870 			continue;
871 		case '!':
872 			if (line[1] == ':') {
873 				size_t i;
874 
875 				for (i = 0; bang[i].name != NULL; i++) {
876 					if ((size_t)(len - 2) > bang[i].len &&
877 					    memcmp(bang[i].name, line + 2,
878 					    bang[i].len) == 0)
879 						break;
880 				}
881 				if (bang[i].name == NULL) {
882 					file_error(ms, 0,
883 					    "Unknown !: entry `%s'", line);
884 					(*errs)++;
885 					continue;
886 				}
887 				if (me.mp == NULL) {
888 					file_error(ms, 0,
889 					    "No current entry for :!%s type",
890 						bang[i].name);
891 					(*errs)++;
892 					continue;
893 				}
894 				if ((*bang[i].fun)(ms, &me,
895 				    line + bang[i].len + 2) != 0) {
896 					(*errs)++;
897 					continue;
898 				}
899 				continue;
900 			}
901 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
902 		default:
903 		again:
904 			switch (parse(ms, &me, line, lineno, action)) {
905 			case 0:
906 				continue;
907 			case 1:
908 				(void)addentry(ms, &me, mentry, mentrycount);
909 				goto again;
910 			default:
911 				(*errs)++;
912 				break;
913 			}
914 		}
915 	}
916 	if (me.mp)
917 		(void)addentry(ms, &me, mentry, mentrycount);
918 	free(line);
919 	(void)fclose(f);
920 }
921 
922 /*
923  * parse a file or directory of files
924  * const char *fn: name of magic file or directory
925  */
926 private int
927 cmpstrp(const void *p1, const void *p2)
928 {
929         return strcmp(*(char *const *)p1, *(char *const *)p2);
930 }
931 
932 
933 private uint32_t
934 set_text_binary(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_entry *me, uint32_t nme,
935     uint32_t starttest)
936 {
937 	static const char text[] = "text";
938 	static const char binary[] = "binary";
939 	static const size_t len = sizeof(text);
940 
941 	uint32_t i = starttest;
942 
943 	do {
944 		set_test_type(me[starttest].mp, me[i].mp);
945 		if ((ms->flags & MAGIC_DEBUG) == 0)
946 			continue;
947 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s%s%s: %s\n",
948 		    me[i].mp->mimetype,
949 		    me[i].mp->mimetype[0] == '\0' ? "" : "; ",
950 		    me[i].mp->desc[0] ? me[i].mp->desc : "(no description)",
951 		    me[i].mp->flag & BINTEST ? binary : text);
952 		if (me[i].mp->flag & BINTEST) {
953 			char *p = strstr(me[i].mp->desc, text);
954 			if (p && (p == me[i].mp->desc ||
955 			    isspace((unsigned char)p[-1])) &&
956 			    (p + len - me[i].mp->desc == MAXstring
957 			    || (p[len] == '\0' ||
958 			    isspace((unsigned char)p[len]))))
959 				(void)fprintf(stderr, "*** Possible "
960 				    "binary test for text type\n");
961 		}
962 	} while (++i < nme && me[i].mp->cont_level != 0);
963 	return i;
964 }
965 
966 private void
967 set_last_default(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_entry *me, uint32_t nme)
968 {
969 	uint32_t i;
970 	for (i = 0; i < nme; i++) {
971 		if (me[i].mp->cont_level == 0 &&
972 		    me[i].mp->type == FILE_DEFAULT) {
973 			while (++i < nme)
974 				if (me[i].mp->cont_level == 0)
975 					break;
976 			if (i != nme) {
977 				/* XXX - Ugh! */
978 				ms->line = me[i].mp->lineno;
979 				file_magwarn(ms,
980 				    "level 0 \"default\" did not sort last");
981 			}
982 			return;
983 		}
984 	}
985 }
986 
987 private int
988 coalesce_entries(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_entry *me, uint32_t nme,
989     struct magic **ma, uint32_t *nma)
990 {
991 	uint32_t i, mentrycount = 0;
992 	size_t slen;
993 
994 	for (i = 0; i < nme; i++)
995 		mentrycount += me[i].cont_count;
996 
997 	slen = sizeof(**ma) * mentrycount;
998 	if ((*ma = CAST(struct magic *, malloc(slen))) == NULL) {
999 		file_oomem(ms, slen);
1000 		return -1;
1001 	}
1002 
1003 	mentrycount = 0;
1004 	for (i = 0; i < nme; i++) {
1005 		(void)memcpy(*ma + mentrycount, me[i].mp,
1006 		    me[i].cont_count * sizeof(**ma));
1007 		mentrycount += me[i].cont_count;
1008 	}
1009 	*nma = mentrycount;
1010 	return 0;
1011 }
1012 
1013 private void
1014 magic_entry_free(struct magic_entry *me, uint32_t nme)
1015 {
1016 	uint32_t i;
1017 	if (me == NULL)
1018 		return;
1019 	for (i = 0; i < nme; i++)
1020 		free(me[i].mp);
1021 	free(me);
1022 }
1023 
1024 private int
1025 apprentice_load(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic **magicp, uint32_t *nmagicp,
1026     const char *fn, int action)
1027 {
1028 	int errs = 0;
1029 	struct magic_entry *mentry[MAGIC_SETS] = { NULL };
1030 	uint32_t mentrycount[MAGIC_SETS] = { 0 };
1031 	uint32_t i, j;
1032 	size_t files = 0, maxfiles = 0;
1033 	char **filearr = NULL, *mfn;
1034 	struct stat st;
1035 	DIR *dir;
1036 	struct dirent *d;
1037 
1038 	ms->flags |= MAGIC_CHECK;	/* Enable checks for parsed files */
1039 
1040 	/* print silly verbose header for USG compat. */
1041 	if (action == FILE_CHECK)
1042 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", usg_hdr);
1043 
1044 	/* load directory or file */
1045 	if (stat(fn, &st) == 0 && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
1046 		dir = opendir(fn);
1047 		if (!dir) {
1048 			errs++;
1049 			goto out;
1050 		}
1051 		while ((d = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
1052 			if (asprintf(&mfn, "%s/%s", fn, d->d_name) < 0) {
1053 				file_oomem(ms,
1054 				    strlen(fn) + strlen(d->d_name) + 2);
1055 				errs++;
1056 				closedir(dir);
1057 				goto out;
1058 			}
1059 			if (stat(mfn, &st) == -1 || !S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
1060 				free(mfn);
1061 				continue;
1062 			}
1063 			if (files >= maxfiles) {
1064 				size_t mlen;
1065 				maxfiles = (maxfiles + 1) * 2;
1066 				mlen = maxfiles * sizeof(*filearr);
1067 				if ((filearr = CAST(char **,
1068 				    realloc(filearr, mlen))) == NULL) {
1069 					file_oomem(ms, mlen);
1070 					free(mfn);
1071 					closedir(dir);
1072 					errs++;
1073 					goto out;
1074 				}
1075 			}
1076 			filearr[files++] = mfn;
1077 		}
1078 		closedir(dir);
1079 		qsort(filearr, files, sizeof(*filearr), cmpstrp);
1080 		for (i = 0; i < files; i++) {
1081 			load_1(ms, action, filearr[i], &errs, mentry,
1082 			    mentrycount);
1083 			free(filearr[i]);
1084 		}
1085 		free(filearr);
1086 	} else
1087 		load_1(ms, action, fn, &errs, mentry, mentrycount);
1088 	if (errs)
1089 		goto out;
1090 
1091 	for (j = 0; j < MAGIC_SETS; j++) {
1092 		/* Set types of tests */
1093 		for (i = 0; i < mentrycount[j]; ) {
1094 			if (mentry[j][i].mp->cont_level != 0) {
1095 				i++;
1096 				continue;
1097 			}
1098 			i = set_text_binary(ms, mentry[j], mentrycount[j], i);
1099 		}
1100 		qsort(mentry[j], mentrycount[j], sizeof(*mentry[j]),
1101 		    apprentice_sort);
1102 
1103 		/*
1104 		 * Make sure that any level 0 "default" line is last
1105 		 * (if one exists).
1106 		 */
1107 		set_last_default(ms, mentry[j], mentrycount[j]);
1108 
1109 		/* coalesce per file arrays into a single one */
1110 		if (coalesce_entries(ms, mentry[j], mentrycount[j],
1111 		    &magicp[j], &nmagicp[j]) == -1) {
1112 			errs++;
1113 			goto out;
1114 		}
1115 	}
1116 
1117 out:
1118 	for (j = 0; j < MAGIC_SETS; j++)
1119 		magic_entry_free(mentry[j], mentrycount[j]);
1120 
1121 	if (errs) {
1122 		for (j = 0; j < MAGIC_SETS; j++) {
1123 			if (magicp[j]) {
1124 				free(magicp[j]);
1125 				magicp[j] = NULL;
1126 			}
1127 			nmagicp[j] = 0;
1128 		}
1129 		return errs;
1130 	}
1131 	return 0;
1132 }
1133 
1134 /*
1135  * extend the sign bit if the comparison is to be signed
1136  */
1137 protected uint64_t
1138 file_signextend(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic *m, uint64_t v)
1139 {
1140 	if (!(m->flag & UNSIGNED)) {
1141 		switch(m->type) {
1142 		/*
1143 		 * Do not remove the casts below.  They are
1144 		 * vital.  When later compared with the data,
1145 		 * the sign extension must have happened.
1146 		 */
1147 		case FILE_BYTE:
1148 			v = (char) v;
1149 			break;
1150 		case FILE_SHORT:
1151 		case FILE_BESHORT:
1152 		case FILE_LESHORT:
1153 			v = (short) v;
1154 			break;
1155 		case FILE_DATE:
1156 		case FILE_BEDATE:
1157 		case FILE_LEDATE:
1158 		case FILE_MEDATE:
1159 		case FILE_LDATE:
1160 		case FILE_BELDATE:
1161 		case FILE_LELDATE:
1162 		case FILE_MELDATE:
1163 		case FILE_LONG:
1164 		case FILE_BELONG:
1165 		case FILE_LELONG:
1166 		case FILE_MELONG:
1167 		case FILE_FLOAT:
1168 		case FILE_BEFLOAT:
1169 		case FILE_LEFLOAT:
1170 			v = (int32_t) v;
1171 			break;
1172 		case FILE_QUAD:
1173 		case FILE_BEQUAD:
1174 		case FILE_LEQUAD:
1175 		case FILE_QDATE:
1176 		case FILE_QLDATE:
1177 		case FILE_QWDATE:
1178 		case FILE_BEQDATE:
1179 		case FILE_BEQLDATE:
1180 		case FILE_BEQWDATE:
1181 		case FILE_LEQDATE:
1182 		case FILE_LEQLDATE:
1183 		case FILE_LEQWDATE:
1184 		case FILE_DOUBLE:
1185 		case FILE_BEDOUBLE:
1186 		case FILE_LEDOUBLE:
1187 			v = (int64_t) v;
1188 			break;
1189 		case FILE_STRING:
1190 		case FILE_PSTRING:
1191 		case FILE_BESTRING16:
1192 		case FILE_LESTRING16:
1193 		case FILE_REGEX:
1194 		case FILE_SEARCH:
1195 		case FILE_DEFAULT:
1196 		case FILE_INDIRECT:
1197 		case FILE_NAME:
1198 		case FILE_USE:
1199 			break;
1200 		default:
1201 			if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1202 			    file_magwarn(ms, "cannot happen: m->type=%d\n",
1203 				    m->type);
1204 			return ~0U;
1205 		}
1206 	}
1207 	return v;
1208 }
1209 
1210 private int
1211 string_modifier_check(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic *m)
1212 {
1213 	if ((ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK) == 0)
1214 		return 0;
1215 
1216 	if (m->type != FILE_PSTRING && (m->str_flags & PSTRING_LEN) != 0) {
1217 		file_magwarn(ms,
1218 		    "'/BHhLl' modifiers are only allowed for pascal strings\n");
1219 		return -1;
1220 	}
1221 	switch (m->type) {
1222 	case FILE_BESTRING16:
1223 	case FILE_LESTRING16:
1224 		if (m->str_flags != 0) {
1225 			file_magwarn(ms,
1226 			    "no modifiers allowed for 16-bit strings\n");
1227 			return -1;
1228 		}
1229 		break;
1230 	case FILE_STRING:
1231 	case FILE_PSTRING:
1232 		if ((m->str_flags & REGEX_OFFSET_START) != 0) {
1233 			file_magwarn(ms,
1234 			    "'/%c' only allowed on regex and search\n",
1235 			    CHAR_REGEX_OFFSET_START);
1236 			return -1;
1237 		}
1238 		break;
1239 	case FILE_SEARCH:
1240 		if (m->str_range == 0) {
1241 			file_magwarn(ms,
1242 			    "missing range; defaulting to %d\n",
1243                             STRING_DEFAULT_RANGE);
1244 			m->str_range = STRING_DEFAULT_RANGE;
1245 			return -1;
1246 		}
1247 		break;
1248 	case FILE_REGEX:
1249 		if ((m->str_flags & STRING_COMPACT_WHITESPACE) != 0) {
1250 			file_magwarn(ms, "'/%c' not allowed on regex\n",
1251 			    CHAR_COMPACT_WHITESPACE);
1252 			return -1;
1253 		}
1254 		if ((m->str_flags & STRING_COMPACT_OPTIONAL_WHITESPACE) != 0) {
1255 			file_magwarn(ms, "'/%c' not allowed on regex\n",
1256 			    CHAR_COMPACT_OPTIONAL_WHITESPACE);
1257 			return -1;
1258 		}
1259 		break;
1260 	default:
1261 		file_magwarn(ms, "coding error: m->type=%d\n",
1262 		    m->type);
1263 		return -1;
1264 	}
1265 	return 0;
1266 }
1267 
1268 private int
1269 get_op(char c)
1270 {
1271 	switch (c) {
1272 	case '&':
1273 		return FILE_OPAND;
1274 	case '|':
1275 		return FILE_OPOR;
1276 	case '^':
1277 		return FILE_OPXOR;
1278 	case '+':
1279 		return FILE_OPADD;
1280 	case '-':
1281 		return FILE_OPMINUS;
1282 	case '*':
1283 		return FILE_OPMULTIPLY;
1284 	case '/':
1285 		return FILE_OPDIVIDE;
1286 	case '%':
1287 		return FILE_OPMODULO;
1288 	default:
1289 		return -1;
1290 	}
1291 }
1292 
1293 #ifdef ENABLE_CONDITIONALS
1294 private int
1295 get_cond(const char *l, const char **t)
1296 {
1297 	static const struct cond_tbl_s {
1298 		char name[8];
1299 		size_t len;
1300 		int cond;
1301 	} cond_tbl[] = {
1302 		{ "if",		2,	COND_IF },
1303 		{ "elif",	4,	COND_ELIF },
1304 		{ "else",	4,	COND_ELSE },
1305 		{ "",		0,	COND_NONE },
1306 	};
1307 	const struct cond_tbl_s *p;
1308 
1309 	for (p = cond_tbl; p->len; p++) {
1310 		if (strncmp(l, p->name, p->len) == 0 &&
1311 		    isspace((unsigned char)l[p->len])) {
1312 			if (t)
1313 				*t = l + p->len;
1314 			break;
1315 		}
1316 	}
1317 	return p->cond;
1318 }
1319 
1320 private int
1321 check_cond(struct magic_set *ms, int cond, uint32_t cont_level)
1322 {
1323 	int last_cond;
1324 	last_cond = ms->c.li[cont_level].last_cond;
1325 
1326 	switch (cond) {
1327 	case COND_IF:
1328 		if (last_cond != COND_NONE && last_cond != COND_ELIF) {
1329 			if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1330 				file_magwarn(ms, "syntax error: `if'");
1331 			return -1;
1332 		}
1333 		last_cond = COND_IF;
1334 		break;
1335 
1336 	case COND_ELIF:
1337 		if (last_cond != COND_IF && last_cond != COND_ELIF) {
1338 			if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1339 				file_magwarn(ms, "syntax error: `elif'");
1340 			return -1;
1341 		}
1342 		last_cond = COND_ELIF;
1343 		break;
1344 
1345 	case COND_ELSE:
1346 		if (last_cond != COND_IF && last_cond != COND_ELIF) {
1347 			if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1348 				file_magwarn(ms, "syntax error: `else'");
1349 			return -1;
1350 		}
1351 		last_cond = COND_NONE;
1352 		break;
1353 
1354 	case COND_NONE:
1355 		last_cond = COND_NONE;
1356 		break;
1357 	}
1358 
1359 	ms->c.li[cont_level].last_cond = last_cond;
1360 	return 0;
1361 }
1362 #endif /* ENABLE_CONDITIONALS */
1363 
1364 /*
1365  * parse one line from magic file, put into magic[index++] if valid
1366  */
1367 private int
1368 parse(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_entry *me, const char *line,
1369     size_t lineno, int action)
1370 {
1371 #ifdef ENABLE_CONDITIONALS
1372 	static uint32_t last_cont_level = 0;
1373 #endif
1374 	size_t i;
1375 	struct magic *m;
1376 	const char *l = line;
1377 	char *t;
1378 	int op;
1379 	uint32_t cont_level;
1380 
1381 	cont_level = 0;
1382 
1383 	while (*l == '>') {
1384 		++l;		/* step over */
1385 		cont_level++;
1386 	}
1387 #ifdef ENABLE_CONDITIONALS
1388 	if (cont_level == 0 || cont_level > last_cont_level)
1389 		if (file_check_mem(ms, cont_level) == -1)
1390 			return -1;
1391 	last_cont_level = cont_level;
1392 #endif
1393 	if (cont_level != 0) {
1394 		if (me->mp == NULL) {
1395 			file_error(ms, 0, "No current entry for continuation");
1396 			return -1;
1397 		}
1398 		if (me->cont_count == me->max_count) {
1399 			struct magic *nm;
1400 			size_t cnt = me->max_count + ALLOC_CHUNK;
1401 			if ((nm = CAST(struct magic *, realloc(me->mp,
1402 			    sizeof(*nm) * cnt))) == NULL) {
1403 				file_oomem(ms, sizeof(*nm) * cnt);
1404 				return -1;
1405 			}
1406 			me->mp = m = nm;
1407 			me->max_count = CAST(uint32_t, cnt);
1408 		}
1409 		m = &me->mp[me->cont_count++];
1410 		(void)memset(m, 0, sizeof(*m));
1411 		m->cont_level = cont_level;
1412 	} else {
1413 		size_t len = sizeof(*m) * ALLOC_CHUNK;
1414 		if (me->mp != NULL)
1415 			return 1;
1416 		if ((m = CAST(struct magic *, malloc(len))) == NULL) {
1417 			file_oomem(ms, len);
1418 			return -1;
1419 		}
1420 		me->mp = m;
1421 		me->max_count = ALLOC_CHUNK;
1422 		(void)memset(m, 0, sizeof(*m));
1423 		m->factor_op = FILE_FACTOR_OP_NONE;
1424 		m->cont_level = 0;
1425 		me->cont_count = 1;
1426 	}
1427 	m->lineno = CAST(uint32_t, lineno);
1428 
1429 	if (*l == '&') {  /* m->cont_level == 0 checked below. */
1430                 ++l;            /* step over */
1431                 m->flag |= OFFADD;
1432         }
1433 	if (*l == '(') {
1434 		++l;		/* step over */
1435 		m->flag |= INDIR;
1436 		if (m->flag & OFFADD)
1437 			m->flag = (m->flag & ~OFFADD) | INDIROFFADD;
1438 
1439 		if (*l == '&') {  /* m->cont_level == 0 checked below */
1440 			++l;            /* step over */
1441 			m->flag |= OFFADD;
1442 		}
1443 	}
1444 	/* Indirect offsets are not valid at level 0. */
1445 	if (m->cont_level == 0 && (m->flag & (OFFADD | INDIROFFADD)))
1446 		if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1447 			file_magwarn(ms, "relative offset at level 0");
1448 
1449 	/* get offset, then skip over it */
1450 	m->offset = (uint32_t)strtoul(l, &t, 0);
1451         if (l == t)
1452 		if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1453 			file_magwarn(ms, "offset `%s' invalid", l);
1454         l = t;
1455 
1456 	if (m->flag & INDIR) {
1457 		m->in_type = FILE_LONG;
1458 		m->in_offset = 0;
1459 		/*
1460 		 * read [.lbs][+-]nnnnn)
1461 		 */
1462 		if (*l == '.') {
1463 			l++;
1464 			switch (*l) {
1465 			case 'l':
1466 				m->in_type = FILE_LELONG;
1467 				break;
1468 			case 'L':
1469 				m->in_type = FILE_BELONG;
1470 				break;
1471 			case 'm':
1472 				m->in_type = FILE_MELONG;
1473 				break;
1474 			case 'h':
1475 			case 's':
1476 				m->in_type = FILE_LESHORT;
1477 				break;
1478 			case 'H':
1479 			case 'S':
1480 				m->in_type = FILE_BESHORT;
1481 				break;
1482 			case 'c':
1483 			case 'b':
1484 			case 'C':
1485 			case 'B':
1486 				m->in_type = FILE_BYTE;
1487 				break;
1488 			case 'e':
1489 			case 'f':
1490 			case 'g':
1491 				m->in_type = FILE_LEDOUBLE;
1492 				break;
1493 			case 'E':
1494 			case 'F':
1495 			case 'G':
1496 				m->in_type = FILE_BEDOUBLE;
1497 				break;
1498 			case 'i':
1499 				m->in_type = FILE_LEID3;
1500 				break;
1501 			case 'I':
1502 				m->in_type = FILE_BEID3;
1503 				break;
1504 			default:
1505 				if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1506 					file_magwarn(ms,
1507 					    "indirect offset type `%c' invalid",
1508 					    *l);
1509 				break;
1510 			}
1511 			l++;
1512 		}
1513 
1514 		m->in_op = 0;
1515 		if (*l == '~') {
1516 			m->in_op |= FILE_OPINVERSE;
1517 			l++;
1518 		}
1519 		if ((op = get_op(*l)) != -1) {
1520 			m->in_op |= op;
1521 			l++;
1522 		}
1523 		if (*l == '(') {
1524 			m->in_op |= FILE_OPINDIRECT;
1525 			l++;
1526 		}
1527 		if (isdigit((unsigned char)*l) || *l == '-') {
1528 			m->in_offset = (int32_t)strtol(l, &t, 0);
1529 			if (l == t)
1530 				if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1531 					file_magwarn(ms,
1532 					    "in_offset `%s' invalid", l);
1533 			l = t;
1534 		}
1535 		if (*l++ != ')' ||
1536 		    ((m->in_op & FILE_OPINDIRECT) && *l++ != ')'))
1537 			if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1538 				file_magwarn(ms,
1539 				    "missing ')' in indirect offset");
1540 	}
1541 	EATAB;
1542 
1543 #ifdef ENABLE_CONDITIONALS
1544 	m->cond = get_cond(l, &l);
1545 	if (check_cond(ms, m->cond, cont_level) == -1)
1546 		return -1;
1547 
1548 	EATAB;
1549 #endif
1550 
1551 	if (*l == 'u' && (l[1] != 's' || l[2] != 'e')) {
1552 		++l;
1553 		m->flag |= UNSIGNED;
1554 	}
1555 
1556 	m->type = get_type(l, &l);
1557 	if (m->type == FILE_INVALID) {
1558 		if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1559 			file_magwarn(ms, "type `%s' invalid", l);
1560 		return -1;
1561 	}
1562 
1563 	/* New-style anding: "0 byte&0x80 =0x80 dynamically linked" */
1564 	/* New and improved: ~ & | ^ + - * / % -- exciting, isn't it? */
1565 
1566 	m->mask_op = 0;
1567 	if (*l == '~') {
1568 		if (!IS_STRING(m->type))
1569 			m->mask_op |= FILE_OPINVERSE;
1570 		else if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1571 			file_magwarn(ms, "'~' invalid for string types");
1572 		++l;
1573 	}
1574 	m->str_range = 0;
1575 	m->str_flags = m->type == FILE_PSTRING ? PSTRING_1_LE : 0;
1576 	if ((op = get_op(*l)) != -1) {
1577 		if (!IS_STRING(m->type)) {
1578 			uint64_t val;
1579 			++l;
1580 			m->mask_op |= op;
1581 			val = (uint64_t)strtoull(l, &t, 0);
1582 			l = t;
1583 			m->num_mask = file_signextend(ms, m, val);
1584 			eatsize(&l);
1585 		}
1586 		else if (op == FILE_OPDIVIDE) {
1587 			int have_range = 0;
1588 			while (!isspace((unsigned char)*++l)) {
1589 				switch (*l) {
1590 				case '0':  case '1':  case '2':
1591 				case '3':  case '4':  case '5':
1592 				case '6':  case '7':  case '8':
1593 				case '9':
1594 					if (have_range &&
1595 					    (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK))
1596 						file_magwarn(ms,
1597 						    "multiple ranges");
1598 					have_range = 1;
1599 					m->str_range = CAST(uint32_t,
1600 					    strtoul(l, &t, 0));
1601 					if (m->str_range == 0)
1602 						file_magwarn(ms,
1603 						    "zero range");
1604 					l = t - 1;
1605 					break;
1606 				case CHAR_COMPACT_WHITESPACE:
1607 					m->str_flags |=
1608 					    STRING_COMPACT_WHITESPACE;
1609 					break;
1610 				case CHAR_COMPACT_OPTIONAL_WHITESPACE:
1611 					m->str_flags |=
1612 					    STRING_COMPACT_OPTIONAL_WHITESPACE;
1613 					break;
1614 				case CHAR_IGNORE_LOWERCASE:
1615 					m->str_flags |= STRING_IGNORE_LOWERCASE;
1616 					break;
1617 				case CHAR_IGNORE_UPPERCASE:
1618 					m->str_flags |= STRING_IGNORE_UPPERCASE;
1619 					break;
1620 				case CHAR_REGEX_OFFSET_START:
1621 					m->str_flags |= REGEX_OFFSET_START;
1622 					break;
1623 				case CHAR_BINTEST:
1624 					m->str_flags |= STRING_BINTEST;
1625 					break;
1626 				case CHAR_TEXTTEST:
1627 					m->str_flags |= STRING_TEXTTEST;
1628 					break;
1629 				case CHAR_TRIM:
1630 					m->str_flags |= STRING_TRIM;
1631 					break;
1632 				case CHAR_PSTRING_1_LE:
1633 					if (m->type != FILE_PSTRING)
1634 						goto bad;
1635 					m->str_flags = (m->str_flags & ~PSTRING_LEN) | PSTRING_1_LE;
1636 					break;
1637 				case CHAR_PSTRING_2_BE:
1638 					if (m->type != FILE_PSTRING)
1639 						goto bad;
1640 					m->str_flags = (m->str_flags & ~PSTRING_LEN) | PSTRING_2_BE;
1641 					break;
1642 				case CHAR_PSTRING_2_LE:
1643 					if (m->type != FILE_PSTRING)
1644 						goto bad;
1645 					m->str_flags = (m->str_flags & ~PSTRING_LEN) | PSTRING_2_LE;
1646 					break;
1647 				case CHAR_PSTRING_4_BE:
1648 					if (m->type != FILE_PSTRING)
1649 						goto bad;
1650 					m->str_flags = (m->str_flags & ~PSTRING_LEN) | PSTRING_4_BE;
1651 					break;
1652 				case CHAR_PSTRING_4_LE:
1653 					if (m->type != FILE_PSTRING)
1654 						goto bad;
1655 					m->str_flags = (m->str_flags & ~PSTRING_LEN) | PSTRING_4_LE;
1656 					break;
1657 				case CHAR_PSTRING_LENGTH_INCLUDES_ITSELF:
1658 					if (m->type != FILE_PSTRING)
1659 						goto bad;
1660 					m->str_flags |= PSTRING_LENGTH_INCLUDES_ITSELF;
1661 					break;
1662 				default:
1663 				bad:
1664 					if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1665 						file_magwarn(ms,
1666 						    "string extension `%c' "
1667 						    "invalid", *l);
1668 					return -1;
1669 				}
1670 				/* allow multiple '/' for readability */
1671 				if (l[1] == '/' &&
1672 				    !isspace((unsigned char)l[2]))
1673 					l++;
1674 			}
1675 			if (string_modifier_check(ms, m) == -1)
1676 				return -1;
1677 		}
1678 		else {
1679 			if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1680 				file_magwarn(ms, "invalid string op: %c", *t);
1681 			return -1;
1682 		}
1683 	}
1684 	/*
1685 	 * We used to set mask to all 1's here, instead let's just not do
1686 	 * anything if mask = 0 (unless you have a better idea)
1687 	 */
1688 	EATAB;
1689 
1690 	switch (*l) {
1691 	case '>':
1692 	case '<':
1693   		m->reln = *l;
1694   		++l;
1695 		if (*l == '=') {
1696 			if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK) {
1697 				file_magwarn(ms, "%c= not supported",
1698 				    m->reln);
1699 				return -1;
1700 			}
1701 		   ++l;
1702 		}
1703 		break;
1704 	/* Old-style anding: "0 byte &0x80 dynamically linked" */
1705 	case '&':
1706 	case '^':
1707 	case '=':
1708   		m->reln = *l;
1709   		++l;
1710 		if (*l == '=') {
1711 		   /* HP compat: ignore &= etc. */
1712 		   ++l;
1713 		}
1714 		break;
1715 	case '!':
1716 		m->reln = *l;
1717 		++l;
1718 		break;
1719 	default:
1720   		m->reln = '=';	/* the default relation */
1721 		if (*l == 'x' && ((isascii((unsigned char)l[1]) &&
1722 		    isspace((unsigned char)l[1])) || !l[1])) {
1723 			m->reln = *l;
1724 			++l;
1725 		}
1726 		break;
1727 	}
1728 	/*
1729 	 * Grab the value part, except for an 'x' reln.
1730 	 */
1731 	if (m->reln != 'x' && getvalue(ms, m, &l, action))
1732 		return -1;
1733 
1734 	/*
1735 	 * TODO finish this macro and start using it!
1736 	 * #define offsetcheck {if (offset > HOWMANY-1)
1737 	 *	magwarn("offset too big"); }
1738 	 */
1739 
1740 	/*
1741 	 * Now get last part - the description
1742 	 */
1743 	EATAB;
1744 	if (l[0] == '\b') {
1745 		++l;
1746 		m->flag |= NOSPACE;
1747 	} else if ((l[0] == '\\') && (l[1] == 'b')) {
1748 		++l;
1749 		++l;
1750 		m->flag |= NOSPACE;
1751 	}
1752 	for (i = 0; (m->desc[i++] = *l++) != '\0' && i < sizeof(m->desc); )
1753 		continue;
1754 	if (i == sizeof(m->desc)) {
1755 		m->desc[sizeof(m->desc) - 1] = '\0';
1756 		if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1757 			file_magwarn(ms, "description `%s' truncated", m->desc);
1758 	}
1759 
1760         /*
1761 	 * We only do this check while compiling, or if any of the magic
1762 	 * files were not compiled.
1763          */
1764         if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK) {
1765 		if (check_format(ms, m) == -1)
1766 			return -1;
1767 	}
1768 #ifndef COMPILE_ONLY
1769 	if (action == FILE_CHECK) {
1770 		file_mdump(m);
1771 	}
1772 #endif
1773 	m->mimetype[0] = '\0';		/* initialise MIME type to none */
1774 	return 0;
1775 }
1776 
1777 /*
1778  * parse a STRENGTH annotation line from magic file, put into magic[index - 1]
1779  * if valid
1780  */
1781 private int
1782 parse_strength(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_entry *me, const char *line)
1783 {
1784 	const char *l = line;
1785 	char *el;
1786 	unsigned long factor;
1787 	struct magic *m = &me->mp[0];
1788 
1789 	if (m->factor_op != FILE_FACTOR_OP_NONE) {
1790 		file_magwarn(ms,
1791 		    "Current entry already has a strength type: %c %d",
1792 		    m->factor_op, m->factor);
1793 		return -1;
1794 	}
1795 	EATAB;
1796 	switch (*l) {
1797 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_NONE:
1798 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_PLUS:
1799 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_MINUS:
1800 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_TIMES:
1801 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_DIV:
1802 		m->factor_op = *l++;
1803 		break;
1804 	default:
1805 		file_magwarn(ms, "Unknown factor op `%c'", *l);
1806 		return -1;
1807 	}
1808 	EATAB;
1809 	factor = strtoul(l, &el, 0);
1810 	if (factor > 255) {
1811 		file_magwarn(ms, "Too large factor `%lu'", factor);
1812 		goto out;
1813 	}
1814 	if (*el && !isspace((unsigned char)*el)) {
1815 		file_magwarn(ms, "Bad factor `%s'", l);
1816 		goto out;
1817 	}
1818 	m->factor = (uint8_t)factor;
1819 	if (m->factor == 0 && m->factor_op == FILE_FACTOR_OP_DIV) {
1820 		file_magwarn(ms, "Cannot have factor op `%c' and factor %u",
1821 		    m->factor_op, m->factor);
1822 		goto out;
1823 	}
1824 	return 0;
1825 out:
1826 	m->factor_op = FILE_FACTOR_OP_NONE;
1827 	m->factor = 0;
1828 	return -1;
1829 }
1830 
1831 /*
1832  * Parse an Apple CREATOR/TYPE annotation from magic file and put it into
1833  * magic[index - 1]
1834  */
1835 private int
1836 parse_apple(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_entry *me, const char *line)
1837 {
1838 	size_t i;
1839 	const char *l = line;
1840 	struct magic *m = &me->mp[me->cont_count == 0 ? 0 : me->cont_count - 1];
1841 
1842 	if (m->apple[0] != '\0') {
1843 		file_magwarn(ms, "Current entry already has a APPLE type "
1844 		    "`%.8s', new type `%s'", m->mimetype, l);
1845 		return -1;
1846 	}
1847 
1848 	EATAB;
1849 	for (i = 0; *l && ((isascii((unsigned char)*l) &&
1850 	    isalnum((unsigned char)*l)) || strchr("-+/.", *l)) &&
1851 	    i < sizeof(m->apple); m->apple[i++] = *l++)
1852 		continue;
1853 	if (i == sizeof(m->apple) && *l) {
1854 		/* We don't need to NUL terminate here, printing handles it */
1855 		if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1856 			file_magwarn(ms, "APPLE type `%s' truncated %"
1857 			    SIZE_T_FORMAT "u", line, i);
1858 	}
1859 
1860 	if (i > 0)
1861 		return 0;
1862 	else
1863 		return -1;
1864 }
1865 
1866 /*
1867  * parse a MIME annotation line from magic file, put into magic[index - 1]
1868  * if valid
1869  */
1870 private int
1871 parse_mime(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_entry *me, const char *line)
1872 {
1873 	size_t i;
1874 	const char *l = line;
1875 	struct magic *m = &me->mp[me->cont_count == 0 ? 0 : me->cont_count - 1];
1876 
1877 	if (m->mimetype[0] != '\0') {
1878 		file_magwarn(ms, "Current entry already has a MIME type `%s',"
1879 		    " new type `%s'", m->mimetype, l);
1880 		return -1;
1881 	}
1882 
1883 	EATAB;
1884 	for (i = 0; *l && ((isascii((unsigned char)*l) &&
1885 	    isalnum((unsigned char)*l)) || strchr("-+/.", *l)) &&
1886 	    i < sizeof(m->mimetype); m->mimetype[i++] = *l++)
1887 		continue;
1888 	if (i == sizeof(m->mimetype)) {
1889 		m->mimetype[sizeof(m->mimetype) - 1] = '\0';
1890 		if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1891 			file_magwarn(ms, "MIME type `%s' truncated %"
1892 			    SIZE_T_FORMAT "u", m->mimetype, i);
1893 	} else
1894 		m->mimetype[i] = '\0';
1895 
1896 	if (i > 0)
1897 		return 0;
1898 	else
1899 		return -1;
1900 }
1901 
1902 private int
1903 check_format_type(const char *ptr, int type)
1904 {
1905 	int quad = 0;
1906 	if (*ptr == '\0') {
1907 		/* Missing format string; bad */
1908 		return -1;
1909 	}
1910 
1911 	switch (type) {
1912 	case FILE_FMT_QUAD:
1913 		quad = 1;
1914 		/*FALLTHROUGH*/
1915 	case FILE_FMT_NUM:
1916 		if (*ptr == '-')
1917 			ptr++;
1918 		if (*ptr == '.')
1919 			ptr++;
1920 		while (isdigit((unsigned char)*ptr)) ptr++;
1921 		if (*ptr == '.')
1922 			ptr++;
1923 		while (isdigit((unsigned char)*ptr)) ptr++;
1924 		if (quad) {
1925 			if (*ptr++ != 'l')
1926 				return -1;
1927 			if (*ptr++ != 'l')
1928 				return -1;
1929 		}
1930 
1931 		switch (*ptr++) {
1932 		case 'l':
1933 			switch (*ptr++) {
1934 			case 'i':
1935 			case 'd':
1936 			case 'u':
1937 			case 'x':
1938 			case 'X':
1939 				return 0;
1940 			default:
1941 				return -1;
1942 			}
1943 
1944 		case 'h':
1945 			switch (*ptr++) {
1946 			case 'h':
1947 				switch (*ptr++) {
1948 				case 'i':
1949 				case 'd':
1950 				case 'u':
1951 				case 'x':
1952 				case 'X':
1953 					return 0;
1954 				default:
1955 					return -1;
1956 				}
1957 			case 'd':
1958 				return 0;
1959 			default:
1960 				return -1;
1961 			}
1962 
1963 		case 'i':
1964 		case 'c':
1965 		case 'd':
1966 		case 'u':
1967 		case 'x':
1968 		case 'X':
1969 			return 0;
1970 
1971 		default:
1972 			return -1;
1973 		}
1974 
1975 	case FILE_FMT_FLOAT:
1976 	case FILE_FMT_DOUBLE:
1977 		if (*ptr == '-')
1978 			ptr++;
1979 		if (*ptr == '.')
1980 			ptr++;
1981 		while (isdigit((unsigned char)*ptr)) ptr++;
1982 		if (*ptr == '.')
1983 			ptr++;
1984 		while (isdigit((unsigned char)*ptr)) ptr++;
1985 
1986 		switch (*ptr++) {
1987 		case 'e':
1988 		case 'E':
1989 		case 'f':
1990 		case 'F':
1991 		case 'g':
1992 		case 'G':
1993 			return 0;
1994 
1995 		default:
1996 			return -1;
1997 		}
1998 
1999 
2000 	case FILE_FMT_STR:
2001 		if (*ptr == '-')
2002 			ptr++;
2003 		while (isdigit((unsigned char )*ptr))
2004 			ptr++;
2005 		if (*ptr == '.') {
2006 			ptr++;
2007 			while (isdigit((unsigned char )*ptr))
2008 				ptr++;
2009 		}
2010 
2011 		switch (*ptr++) {
2012 		case 's':
2013 			return 0;
2014 		default:
2015 			return -1;
2016 		}
2017 
2018 	default:
2019 		/* internal error */
2020 		abort();
2021 	}
2022 	/*NOTREACHED*/
2023 	return -1;
2024 }
2025 
2026 /*
2027  * Check that the optional printf format in description matches
2028  * the type of the magic.
2029  */
2030 private int
2031 check_format(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic *m)
2032 {
2033 	char *ptr;
2034 
2035 	for (ptr = m->desc; *ptr; ptr++)
2036 		if (*ptr == '%')
2037 			break;
2038 	if (*ptr == '\0') {
2039 		/* No format string; ok */
2040 		return 1;
2041 	}
2042 
2043 	assert(file_nformats == file_nnames);
2044 
2045 	if (m->type >= file_nformats) {
2046 		file_magwarn(ms, "Internal error inconsistency between "
2047 		    "m->type and format strings");
2048 		return -1;
2049 	}
2050 	if (file_formats[m->type] == FILE_FMT_NONE) {
2051 		file_magwarn(ms, "No format string for `%s' with description "
2052 		    "`%s'", m->desc, file_names[m->type]);
2053 		return -1;
2054 	}
2055 
2056 	ptr++;
2057 	if (check_format_type(ptr, file_formats[m->type]) == -1) {
2058 		/*
2059 		 * TODO: this error message is unhelpful if the format
2060 		 * string is not one character long
2061 		 */
2062 		file_magwarn(ms, "Printf format `%c' is not valid for type "
2063 		    "`%s' in description `%s'", *ptr ? *ptr : '?',
2064 		    file_names[m->type], m->desc);
2065 		return -1;
2066 	}
2067 
2068 	for (; *ptr; ptr++) {
2069 		if (*ptr == '%') {
2070 			file_magwarn(ms,
2071 			    "Too many format strings (should have at most one) "
2072 			    "for `%s' with description `%s'",
2073 			    file_names[m->type], m->desc);
2074 			return -1;
2075 		}
2076 	}
2077 	return 0;
2078 }
2079 
2080 /*
2081  * Read a numeric value from a pointer, into the value union of a magic
2082  * pointer, according to the magic type.  Update the string pointer to point
2083  * just after the number read.  Return 0 for success, non-zero for failure.
2084  */
2085 private int
2086 getvalue(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic *m, const char **p, int action)
2087 {
2088 	switch (m->type) {
2089 	case FILE_BESTRING16:
2090 	case FILE_LESTRING16:
2091 	case FILE_STRING:
2092 	case FILE_PSTRING:
2093 	case FILE_REGEX:
2094 	case FILE_SEARCH:
2095 	case FILE_NAME:
2096 	case FILE_USE:
2097 		*p = getstr(ms, m, *p, action == FILE_COMPILE);
2098 		if (*p == NULL) {
2099 			if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
2100 				file_magwarn(ms, "cannot get string from `%s'",
2101 				    m->value.s);
2102 			return -1;
2103 		}
2104 		return 0;
2105 	case FILE_FLOAT:
2106 	case FILE_BEFLOAT:
2107 	case FILE_LEFLOAT:
2108 		if (m->reln != 'x') {
2109 			char *ep;
2110 #ifdef HAVE_STRTOF
2111 			m->value.f = strtof(*p, &ep);
2112 #else
2113 			m->value.f = (float)strtod(*p, &ep);
2114 #endif
2115 			*p = ep;
2116 		}
2117 		return 0;
2118 	case FILE_DOUBLE:
2119 	case FILE_BEDOUBLE:
2120 	case FILE_LEDOUBLE:
2121 		if (m->reln != 'x') {
2122 			char *ep;
2123 			m->value.d = strtod(*p, &ep);
2124 			*p = ep;
2125 		}
2126 		return 0;
2127 	default:
2128 		if (m->reln != 'x') {
2129 			char *ep;
2130 			m->value.q = file_signextend(ms, m,
2131 			    (uint64_t)strtoull(*p, &ep, 0));
2132 			*p = ep;
2133 			eatsize(p);
2134 		}
2135 		return 0;
2136 	}
2137 }
2138 
2139 /*
2140  * Convert a string containing C character escapes.  Stop at an unescaped
2141  * space or tab.
2142  * Copy the converted version to "m->value.s", and the length in m->vallen.
2143  * Return updated scan pointer as function result. Warn if set.
2144  */
2145 private const char *
2146 getstr(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic *m, const char *s, int warn)
2147 {
2148 	const char *origs = s;
2149 	char	*p = m->value.s;
2150 	size_t  plen = sizeof(m->value.s);
2151 	char 	*origp = p;
2152 	char	*pmax = p + plen - 1;
2153 	int	c;
2154 	int	val;
2155 
2156 	while ((c = *s++) != '\0') {
2157 		if (isspace((unsigned char) c))
2158 			break;
2159 		if (p >= pmax) {
2160 			file_error(ms, 0, "string too long: `%s'", origs);
2161 			return NULL;
2162 		}
2163 		if (c == '\\') {
2164 			switch(c = *s++) {
2165 
2166 			case '\0':
2167 				if (warn)
2168 					file_magwarn(ms, "incomplete escape");
2169 				goto out;
2170 
2171 			case '\t':
2172 				if (warn) {
2173 					file_magwarn(ms,
2174 					    "escaped tab found, use \\t instead");
2175 					warn = 0;	/* already did */
2176 				}
2177 				/*FALLTHROUGH*/
2178 			default:
2179 				if (warn) {
2180 					if (isprint((unsigned char)c)) {
2181 						/* Allow escaping of
2182 						 * ``relations'' */
2183 						if (strchr("<>&^=!", c) == NULL
2184 						    && (m->type != FILE_REGEX ||
2185 						    strchr("[]().*?^$|{}", c)
2186 						    == NULL)) {
2187 							file_magwarn(ms, "no "
2188 							    "need to escape "
2189 							    "`%c'", c);
2190 						}
2191 					} else {
2192 						file_magwarn(ms,
2193 						    "unknown escape sequence: "
2194 						    "\\%03o", c);
2195 					}
2196 				}
2197 				/*FALLTHROUGH*/
2198 			/* space, perhaps force people to use \040? */
2199 			case ' ':
2200 #if 0
2201 			/*
2202 			 * Other things people escape, but shouldn't need to,
2203 			 * so we disallow them
2204 			 */
2205 			case '\'':
2206 			case '"':
2207 			case '?':
2208 #endif
2209 			/* Relations */
2210 			case '>':
2211 			case '<':
2212 			case '&':
2213 			case '^':
2214 			case '=':
2215 			case '!':
2216 			/* and baskslash itself */
2217 			case '\\':
2218 				*p++ = (char) c;
2219 				break;
2220 
2221 			case 'a':
2222 				*p++ = '\a';
2223 				break;
2224 
2225 			case 'b':
2226 				*p++ = '\b';
2227 				break;
2228 
2229 			case 'f':
2230 				*p++ = '\f';
2231 				break;
2232 
2233 			case 'n':
2234 				*p++ = '\n';
2235 				break;
2236 
2237 			case 'r':
2238 				*p++ = '\r';
2239 				break;
2240 
2241 			case 't':
2242 				*p++ = '\t';
2243 				break;
2244 
2245 			case 'v':
2246 				*p++ = '\v';
2247 				break;
2248 
2249 			/* \ and up to 3 octal digits */
2250 			case '0':
2251 			case '1':
2252 			case '2':
2253 			case '3':
2254 			case '4':
2255 			case '5':
2256 			case '6':
2257 			case '7':
2258 				val = c - '0';
2259 				c = *s++;  /* try for 2 */
2260 				if (c >= '0' && c <= '7') {
2261 					val = (val << 3) | (c - '0');
2262 					c = *s++;  /* try for 3 */
2263 					if (c >= '0' && c <= '7')
2264 						val = (val << 3) | (c-'0');
2265 					else
2266 						--s;
2267 				}
2268 				else
2269 					--s;
2270 				*p++ = (char)val;
2271 				break;
2272 
2273 			/* \x and up to 2 hex digits */
2274 			case 'x':
2275 				val = 'x';	/* Default if no digits */
2276 				c = hextoint(*s++);	/* Get next char */
2277 				if (c >= 0) {
2278 					val = c;
2279 					c = hextoint(*s++);
2280 					if (c >= 0)
2281 						val = (val << 4) + c;
2282 					else
2283 						--s;
2284 				} else
2285 					--s;
2286 				*p++ = (char)val;
2287 				break;
2288 			}
2289 		} else
2290 			*p++ = (char)c;
2291 	}
2292 out:
2293 	*p = '\0';
2294 	m->vallen = CAST(unsigned char, (p - origp));
2295 	if (m->type == FILE_PSTRING)
2296 		m->vallen += (unsigned char)file_pstring_length_size(m);
2297 	return s;
2298 }
2299 
2300 
2301 /* Single hex char to int; -1 if not a hex char. */
2302 private int
2303 hextoint(int c)
2304 {
2305 	if (!isascii((unsigned char) c))
2306 		return -1;
2307 	if (isdigit((unsigned char) c))
2308 		return c - '0';
2309 	if ((c >= 'a') && (c <= 'f'))
2310 		return c + 10 - 'a';
2311 	if (( c>= 'A') && (c <= 'F'))
2312 		return c + 10 - 'A';
2313 	return -1;
2314 }
2315 
2316 
2317 /*
2318  * Print a string containing C character escapes.
2319  */
2320 protected void
2321 file_showstr(FILE *fp, const char *s, size_t len)
2322 {
2323 	char	c;
2324 
2325 	for (;;) {
2326 		if (len == ~0U) {
2327 			c = *s++;
2328 			if (c == '\0')
2329 				break;
2330 		}
2331 		else  {
2332 			if (len-- == 0)
2333 				break;
2334 			c = *s++;
2335 		}
2336 		if (c >= 040 && c <= 0176)	/* TODO isprint && !iscntrl */
2337 			(void) fputc(c, fp);
2338 		else {
2339 			(void) fputc('\\', fp);
2340 			switch (c) {
2341 			case '\a':
2342 				(void) fputc('a', fp);
2343 				break;
2344 
2345 			case '\b':
2346 				(void) fputc('b', fp);
2347 				break;
2348 
2349 			case '\f':
2350 				(void) fputc('f', fp);
2351 				break;
2352 
2353 			case '\n':
2354 				(void) fputc('n', fp);
2355 				break;
2356 
2357 			case '\r':
2358 				(void) fputc('r', fp);
2359 				break;
2360 
2361 			case '\t':
2362 				(void) fputc('t', fp);
2363 				break;
2364 
2365 			case '\v':
2366 				(void) fputc('v', fp);
2367 				break;
2368 
2369 			default:
2370 				(void) fprintf(fp, "%.3o", c & 0377);
2371 				break;
2372 			}
2373 		}
2374 	}
2375 }
2376 
2377 /*
2378  * eatsize(): Eat the size spec from a number [eg. 10UL]
2379  */
2380 private void
2381 eatsize(const char **p)
2382 {
2383 	const char *l = *p;
2384 
2385 	if (LOWCASE(*l) == 'u')
2386 		l++;
2387 
2388 	switch (LOWCASE(*l)) {
2389 	case 'l':    /* long */
2390 	case 's':    /* short */
2391 	case 'h':    /* short */
2392 	case 'b':    /* char/byte */
2393 	case 'c':    /* char/byte */
2394 		l++;
2395 		/*FALLTHROUGH*/
2396 	default:
2397 		break;
2398 	}
2399 
2400 	*p = l;
2401 }
2402 
2403 /*
2404  * handle a compiled file.
2405  */
2406 private int
2407 apprentice_map(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic **magicp, uint32_t *nmagicp,
2408     const char *fn)
2409 {
2410 	int fd, ret;
2411 	struct stat st;
2412 	uint32_t *ptr;
2413 	uint32_t version, entries, nentries;
2414 	int needsbyteswap;
2415 	char *dbname = NULL;
2416 	void *mm = NULL;
2417 	size_t i;
2418 
2419 	ret = -1;
2420 	dbname = mkdbname(ms, fn, 0);
2421 	if (dbname == NULL)
2422 		goto error2;
2423 
2424 	if ((fd = open(dbname, O_RDONLY|O_BINARY)) == -1)
2425 		goto error2;
2426 
2427 	if (fstat(fd, &st) == -1) {
2428 		file_error(ms, errno, "cannot stat `%s'", dbname);
2429 		goto error1;
2430 	}
2431 	if (st.st_size < 8) {
2432 		file_error(ms, 0, "file `%s' is too small", dbname);
2433 		goto error1;
2434 	}
2435 
2436 #ifdef QUICK
2437 	if ((mm = mmap(0, (size_t)st.st_size, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
2438 	    MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FILE, fd, (off_t)0)) == MAP_FAILED) {
2439 		file_error(ms, errno, "cannot map `%s'", dbname);
2440 		goto error1;
2441 	}
2442 #define RET	2
2443 #else
2444 	if ((mm = CAST(void *, malloc((size_t)st.st_size))) == NULL) {
2445 		file_oomem(ms, (size_t)st.st_size);
2446 		goto error1;
2447 	}
2448 	if (read(fd, mm, (size_t)st.st_size) != (ssize_t)st.st_size) {
2449 		file_badread(ms);
2450 		goto error1;
2451 	}
2452 #define RET	1
2453 #endif
2454 	(void)close(fd);
2455 	fd = -1;
2456 	ptr = CAST(uint32_t *, mm);
2457 	if (*ptr != MAGICNO) {
2458 		if (swap4(*ptr) != MAGICNO) {
2459 			file_error(ms, 0, "bad magic in `%s'", dbname);
2460 			goto error1;
2461 		}
2462 		needsbyteswap = 1;
2463 	} else
2464 		needsbyteswap = 0;
2465 	if (needsbyteswap)
2466 		version = swap4(ptr[1]);
2467 	else
2468 		version = ptr[1];
2469 	ret = -2;
2470 	if (version != VERSIONNO) {
2471 		file_error(ms, 0, "File %s supports only version %d magic "
2472 		    "files. `%s' is version %d", VERSION,
2473 		    VERSIONNO, dbname, version);
2474 		goto error1;
2475 	}
2476 	entries = (uint32_t)(st.st_size / sizeof(struct magic));
2477 	if ((off_t)(entries * sizeof(struct magic)) != st.st_size) {
2478 		file_error(ms, 0, "Size of `%s' %llu is not a multiple of %zu",
2479 		    dbname, (unsigned long long)st.st_size,
2480 		    sizeof(struct magic));
2481 		goto error1;
2482 	}
2483 	magicp[0] = CAST(struct magic *, mm) + 1;
2484 	nentries = 0;
2485 	for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++) {
2486 		if (needsbyteswap)
2487 			nmagicp[i] = swap4(ptr[i + 2]);
2488 		else
2489 			nmagicp[i] = ptr[i + 2];
2490 		if (i != MAGIC_SETS - 1)
2491 			magicp[i + 1] = magicp[i] + nmagicp[i];
2492 		nentries += nmagicp[i];
2493 	}
2494 	if (entries != nentries + 1) {
2495 		file_error(ms, 0, "Inconsistent entries in `%s' %u != %u",
2496 		    dbname, entries, nentries + 1);
2497 		goto error1;
2498 	}
2499 	if (needsbyteswap)
2500 		for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++)
2501 			byteswap(magicp[i], nmagicp[i]);
2502 	free(dbname);
2503 	return RET;
2504 
2505 error1:
2506 	if (fd != -1)
2507 		(void)close(fd);
2508 	if (mm) {
2509 #ifdef QUICK
2510 		(void)munmap((void *)mm, (size_t)st.st_size);
2511 #else
2512 		free(mm);
2513 #endif
2514 	} else {
2515 		for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++) {
2516 			magicp[i] = NULL;
2517 			nmagicp[i] = 0;
2518 		}
2519 	}
2520 error2:
2521 	free(dbname);
2522 	return ret;
2523 }
2524 
2525 private const uint32_t ar[] = {
2526     MAGICNO, VERSIONNO
2527 };
2528 /*
2529  * handle an mmaped file.
2530  */
2531 private int
2532 apprentice_compile(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic **magicp,
2533     uint32_t *nmagicp, const char *fn)
2534 {
2535 	static size_t nm = sizeof(*nmagicp) * MAGIC_SETS;
2536 	int fd = -1;
2537 	char *dbname;
2538 	int rv = -1;
2539 	uint32_t i;
2540 
2541 	dbname = mkdbname(ms, fn, 1);
2542 
2543 	if (dbname == NULL)
2544 		goto out;
2545 
2546 	if ((fd = open(dbname, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC|O_BINARY, 0644)) == -1)
2547 	{
2548 		file_error(ms, errno, "cannot open `%s'", dbname);
2549 		goto out;
2550 	}
2551 
2552 	if (write(fd, ar, sizeof(ar)) != (ssize_t)sizeof(ar)) {
2553 		file_error(ms, errno, "error writing `%s'", dbname);
2554 		goto out;
2555 	}
2556 
2557 	if (write(fd, nmagicp, nm) != (ssize_t)nm) {
2558 		file_error(ms, errno, "error writing `%s'", dbname);
2559 		goto out;
2560 	}
2561 
2562 	assert(nm + sizeof(ar) < sizeof(struct magic));
2563 
2564 	if (lseek(fd, (off_t)sizeof(struct magic), SEEK_SET)
2565 	    != sizeof(struct magic)) {
2566 		file_error(ms, errno, "error seeking `%s'", dbname);
2567 		goto out;
2568 	}
2569 
2570 	for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++) {
2571 		if (write(fd, magicp[i], (sizeof(struct magic) * nmagicp[i]))
2572 		    != (ssize_t)(sizeof(struct magic) * nmagicp[i])) {
2573 			    file_error(ms, errno, "error writing `%s'", dbname);
2574 			    goto out;
2575 		}
2576 	}
2577 
2578 	if (fd != -1)
2579 		(void)close(fd);
2580 	rv = 0;
2581 out:
2582 	free(dbname);
2583 	return rv;
2584 }
2585 
2586 private const char ext[] = ".mgc";
2587 /*
2588  * make a dbname
2589  */
2590 private char *
2591 mkdbname(struct magic_set *ms, const char *fn, int strip)
2592 {
2593 	const char *p, *q;
2594 	char *buf;
2595 
2596 	if (strip) {
2597 		if ((p = strrchr(fn, '/')) != NULL)
2598 			fn = ++p;
2599 	}
2600 
2601 	for (q = fn; *q; q++)
2602 		continue;
2603 	/* Look for .mgc */
2604 	for (p = ext + sizeof(ext) - 1; p >= ext && q >= fn; p--, q--)
2605 		if (*p != *q)
2606 			break;
2607 
2608 	/* Did not find .mgc, restore q */
2609 	if (p >= ext)
2610 		while (*q)
2611 			q++;
2612 
2613 	q++;
2614 	/* Compatibility with old code that looked in .mime */
2615 	if (ms->flags & MAGIC_MIME) {
2616 		asprintf(&buf, "%.*s.mime%s", (int)(q - fn), fn, ext);
2617 		if (access(buf, R_OK) != -1) {
2618 			ms->flags &= MAGIC_MIME_TYPE;
2619 			return buf;
2620 		}
2621 		free(buf);
2622 	}
2623 	asprintf(&buf, "%.*s%s", (int)(q - fn), fn, ext);
2624 
2625 	/* Compatibility with old code that looked in .mime */
2626 	if (strstr(p, ".mime") != NULL)
2627 		ms->flags &= MAGIC_MIME_TYPE;
2628 	return buf;
2629 }
2630 
2631 /*
2632  * Byteswap an mmap'ed file if needed
2633  */
2634 private void
2635 byteswap(struct magic *magic, uint32_t nmagic)
2636 {
2637 	uint32_t i;
2638 	for (i = 0; i < nmagic; i++)
2639 		bs1(&magic[i]);
2640 }
2641 
2642 /*
2643  * swap a short
2644  */
2645 private uint16_t
2646 swap2(uint16_t sv)
2647 {
2648 	uint16_t rv;
2649 	uint8_t *s = (uint8_t *)(void *)&sv;
2650 	uint8_t *d = (uint8_t *)(void *)&rv;
2651 	d[0] = s[1];
2652 	d[1] = s[0];
2653 	return rv;
2654 }
2655 
2656 /*
2657  * swap an int
2658  */
2659 private uint32_t
2660 swap4(uint32_t sv)
2661 {
2662 	uint32_t rv;
2663 	uint8_t *s = (uint8_t *)(void *)&sv;
2664 	uint8_t *d = (uint8_t *)(void *)&rv;
2665 	d[0] = s[3];
2666 	d[1] = s[2];
2667 	d[2] = s[1];
2668 	d[3] = s[0];
2669 	return rv;
2670 }
2671 
2672 /*
2673  * swap a quad
2674  */
2675 private uint64_t
2676 swap8(uint64_t sv)
2677 {
2678 	uint64_t rv;
2679 	uint8_t *s = (uint8_t *)(void *)&sv;
2680 	uint8_t *d = (uint8_t *)(void *)&rv;
2681 #if 0
2682 	d[0] = s[3];
2683 	d[1] = s[2];
2684 	d[2] = s[1];
2685 	d[3] = s[0];
2686 	d[4] = s[7];
2687 	d[5] = s[6];
2688 	d[6] = s[5];
2689 	d[7] = s[4];
2690 #else
2691 	d[0] = s[7];
2692 	d[1] = s[6];
2693 	d[2] = s[5];
2694 	d[3] = s[4];
2695 	d[4] = s[3];
2696 	d[5] = s[2];
2697 	d[6] = s[1];
2698 	d[7] = s[0];
2699 #endif
2700 	return rv;
2701 }
2702 
2703 /*
2704  * byteswap a single magic entry
2705  */
2706 private void
2707 bs1(struct magic *m)
2708 {
2709 	m->cont_level = swap2(m->cont_level);
2710 	m->offset = swap4((uint32_t)m->offset);
2711 	m->in_offset = swap4((uint32_t)m->in_offset);
2712 	m->lineno = swap4((uint32_t)m->lineno);
2713 	if (IS_STRING(m->type)) {
2714 		m->str_range = swap4(m->str_range);
2715 		m->str_flags = swap4(m->str_flags);
2716 	}
2717 	else {
2718 		m->value.q = swap8(m->value.q);
2719 		m->num_mask = swap8(m->num_mask);
2720 	}
2721 }
2722 
2723 protected size_t
2724 file_pstring_length_size(const struct magic *m)
2725 {
2726 	switch (m->str_flags & PSTRING_LEN) {
2727 	case PSTRING_1_LE:
2728 		return 1;
2729 	case PSTRING_2_LE:
2730 	case PSTRING_2_BE:
2731 		return 2;
2732 	case PSTRING_4_LE:
2733 	case PSTRING_4_BE:
2734 		return 4;
2735 	default:
2736 		abort();	/* Impossible */
2737 		return 1;
2738 	}
2739 }
2740 protected size_t
2741 file_pstring_get_length(const struct magic *m, const char *s)
2742 {
2743 	size_t len = 0;
2744 
2745 	switch (m->str_flags & PSTRING_LEN) {
2746 	case PSTRING_1_LE:
2747 		len = *s;
2748 		break;
2749 	case PSTRING_2_LE:
2750 		len = (s[1] << 8) | s[0];
2751 		break;
2752 	case PSTRING_2_BE:
2753 		len = (s[0] << 8) | s[1];
2754 		break;
2755 	case PSTRING_4_LE:
2756 		len = (s[3] << 24) | (s[2] << 16) | (s[1] << 8) | s[0];
2757 		break;
2758 	case PSTRING_4_BE:
2759 		len = (s[0] << 24) | (s[1] << 16) | (s[2] << 8) | s[3];
2760 		break;
2761 	default:
2762 		abort();	/* Impossible */
2763 	}
2764 
2765 	if (m->str_flags & PSTRING_LENGTH_INCLUDES_ITSELF)
2766 		len -= file_pstring_length_size(m);
2767 
2768 	return len;
2769 }
2770 
2771 protected int
2772 file_magicfind(struct magic_set *ms, const char *name, struct mlist *v)
2773 {
2774 	uint32_t i, j;
2775 	struct mlist *mlist, *ml;
2776 
2777 	mlist = ms->mlist[1];
2778 
2779 	for (ml = mlist->next; ml != mlist; ml = ml->next) {
2780 		struct magic *ma = ml->magic;
2781 		uint32_t nma = ml->nmagic;
2782 		for (i = 0; i < nma; i++) {
2783 			if (ma[i].type != FILE_NAME)
2784 				continue;
2785 			if (strcmp(ma[i].value.s, name) == 0) {
2786 				v->magic = &ma[i];
2787 				for (j = i + 1; j < nma; j++)
2788 				    if (ma[j].cont_level == 0)
2789 					    break;
2790 				v->nmagic = j - i;
2791 				return 0;
2792 			}
2793 		}
2794 	}
2795 	return -1;
2796 }
2797