1Installation is supported from several media types, including: 2 3 Magneto-Optical disk (MO) 4 Tape 5 Remote NFS partition 6 FTP 7 8No matter which installation medium you choose, you'll need to have 9a floppy disk. On the first, you'll put the install or upgrade floppy 10image, depending on whether you're installing NetBSD for the first time, 11or upgrading a previous installation. 12 13If you are using a UN*X-like system to write the floppy images to 14disks, you should use the "dd" command to copy the file system images 15(.fs files) directly to the raw floppy disks. It is suggested that 16you read the dd(1) manual page or ask your system administrator to 17determine the correct set of arguments to use; it will be slightly 18different from system to system, and a comprehensive list of the 19possibilities is beyond the scope of this document. 20 21If you are using Human68k to write the floppy images to disks, you should 22use the "rawrite" utility, provided in the "x68k/utils" directory 23of the NetBSD distribution. It will write the file system images (.fs 24files) to disks. 25 26Note that, when installing, the install floppy MUST not be write-protected. 27The install program needs to write some temporary files, and if the 28disk is write-protected, it can't. If you're upgrading your system, 29the upgrade floppy may be write-protected. 30 31Obviously, the steps necessary to prepare the distribution sets for 32installation or upgrade depend on which installation medium you 33choose. The steps for the various media are outlined below. 34 35To install or upgrade NetBSD using MO, the MO media MUST be of the 36IBM `Super-floppy' format. The Human68k format is not recognized by this 37release of the NetBSD/x68k. If you have a MS-DOS (or MS-Windows) machine 38with an MO drive connected, use it. If you don't, and if you have 39a program to handle IBM format MO for Human68k, copy all the files in 40the subdirectory "x68k/binaries" and RENAME THEIR NAME IN UPPER CASE. 41 42To install or upgrade NetBSD using a tape, you need to do the 43following: 44 45 To install NetBSD from a tape, you need to make a tape that 46 contains the distribution set files, in "tar" format. If 47 you're making the tape on a UN*X-like system, the easiest way 48 to do so is probably something like: 49 50 tar cf <tape_device> <dist_directories> 51 52 where "<tape_device>" is the name of the tape device that 53 describes the tape drive you're using (possibly /dev/rst0, or 54 something similar, but it will vary from system to system. 55 (If you can't figure it out, ask your system administrator.) 56 In the above example, "<dist_directories>" are the 57 distribution sets' directories, for the distribution sets you 58 wish to place on the tape. For instance, to put the "base12" 59 and "etc12" distributions on tape (in order to do the absolute 60 minimum installation to a new disk), you would do the 61 following: 62 63 cd .../NetBSD-1.2 # the top of the tree 64 cd x68k/binary 65 tar cf <tape_device> base12 etc12 66 67 (Note that you still need to fill in "<tape_device>" in the 68 example.) 69 70 Once you have the files on the tape, you can proceed to the 71 next step in the installation or upgrade process. If you're 72 installing NetBSD from scratch, go to the section on preparing 73 your hard disk, below. If you're upgrading an existing 74 installation, go directly to the section on upgrading. 75 76To install or upgrade NetBSD using a remote partition, mounted via 77NFS, you must do the following: 78 79 NOTE: This method of installation is recommended only for 80 those already familiar with using BSD network 81 configuration and management commands. If you aren't, 82 this documentation should help, but is not intended to 83 be all-encompassing. 84 85 Place the NetBSD distribution sets you wish to install into a 86 directory on an NFS server, and make that directory mountable 87 by the machine on which you are installing or upgrading NetBSD. 88 This will probably require modifying the /etc/exports file on 89 of the NFS server and resetting its mount daemon (mountd). 90 (Both of these actions will probably require superuser 91 privileges on the server.) 92 93 You need to know the the numeric IP address of the NFS server, 94 and, if the server is not on a network directly connected to 95 the machine on which you're installing or upgrading NetBSD, 96 you need to know the numeric IP address of the router closest 97 to the NetBSD machine. Finally, you need to know the numeric 98 IP address of the NetBSD machine itself. 99 100 Once the NFS server is set up properly and you have the 101 information mentioned above, you can proceed to the next step 102 in the installation or upgrade process. If you're installing 103 NetBSD from scratch, go to the section on preparing your hard 104 disk, below. If you're upgrading an existing installation, go 105 directly to the section on upgrading. 106 107To install or upgrade NetBSD by using FTP to get the installation 108sets, you must do the following: 109 110 NOTE: This method of installation is recommended only for 111 those already familiar with using BSD network 112 configuration and management commands. If you aren't, 113 this documentation should help, but is not intended to 114 be all-encompassing. 115 116 The preparations for this installation/upgrade method are 117 easy; all you make sure that there's some FTP site from which 118 you can retrieve the NetBSD distribution when you're about to 119 install or upgrade. You need to know the numeric IP address 120 of that site, and, if it's not on a network directly connected 121 to the machine on which you're installing or upgrading NetBSD, 122 you need to know the numeric IP address of the router closest 123 to the NetBSD machine. Finally, you need to know the numeric 124 IP address of the NetBSD machine itself. 125 126 Once you have this information, you can proceed to the next 127 step in the installation or upgrade process. If you're 128 installing NetBSD from scratch, go to the section on 129 preparing your hard disk, below. If you're upgrading an 130 existing installation, go directly to the section on 131 upgrading. 132 133If you are upgrading NetBSD, you also have the option of installing 134NetBSD by putting the new distribution sets somewhere in your existing 135file system, and using them from there. To do that, you must do the 136following: 137 138 Place the distribution sets you wish to upgrade somewhere in 139 your current file system tree. At a bare minimum, you must 140 upgrade the "base" binary distribution, and so must put the 141 "base12" set somewhere in your file system. If you wish, 142 you can do the other sets, as well, but you should NOT upgrade 143 the "etc" distribution; the "etc" distribution contains system 144 configuration files that you should review and update by hand. 145 146 Once you have done this, you can proceed to the next step in 147 the upgrade process, actually upgrading your system. 148