xref: /netbsd-src/distrib/notes/vax/install (revision 2a399c6883d870daece976daec6ffa7bb7f934ce)
1Installing NetBSD/vax may be a little bit complex, but it shouldn't be too
2hard if you have this document available.
3
4Device conventions.
5NetBSD standalone system addresses devices like
6'devicename(adapter, controller, unit, partition)'
7Known devicenames are:
8        mt  -  MSCP tape. (TK50, TU81, ...)
9        ts  -  TSV05/TS11 tape.
10        ra  -  RA??/RD?? disks/floppies.
11        hp  -  RP??/RM?? disks.
12        rd  -  RD?? disks on MicroVAX 2000.
13        sd  -  SCSI disks.
14        st  -  SCSI tapes.
15        le  -  LANCE ethernet controller.
16
17You can omit parameters; ra(0,0) refers to disk 0 partition a
18on default controller. On tapes partition refers to file #
19on the tape.
20
21Example: DUB1 (DEC syntax) swap partition will be referred as
22        ra(1,0,1), DRA2 root partition is hp(2,0).
23
24
25The installation principle is to label the root disk, copy a miniroot
26filesystem onto the swap partition, boot up from that miniroot filesystem,
27then create root and the other wanted partitions and put system to it.
28You will have to deal with 2 different "units", one is just a boot
29filesystem containing 3 files: boot, copy and edlabel, the other is an
30image of a miniroot filesystem and can be split into several pieces
31depending of what you are going to install from.
32
33
34Installation from tape: (MicroVAX II/III)
35Take your newly created boot tape and just boot from it:
36
37        >>> B/3 MUA0
38
39This means that you will bring upp boot to aks for boot file from TK50.
40(MUA0 is DEC naming). It will come up something like
41
42          2..1..0..
43
44
45        howto 0x3, bdev 0x12, booting...done. (31248+22252)
46
47	>> NetBSD/vax boot [970610 23:44] <<
48        :
49
50
51At the prompt you type edlabel to label the disk, see below about
52how to use edlabel.
53When labeling is finished, halt the computer, bring up the boot program
54again and this time load copy, see below about how to use copy.
55Remember that you must copy from the second file (1) on the tape.
56
57Now go to step 3.
58
59
60Installation from RX33/RX50. (MicroVAX II/III)
61The difference between RX33 and RX50 is its size. RX50 is 400k and
62RX33 is 1200k.
63
64To boot from floppy type:
65
66        >>> B/3 DUxy
67
68where x is the controller number and y is device number.
69You will now get up a prompt like
70
71        >> NetBSD/vax boot [970610 23:44] <<
72        :
73
74At the prompt you type edlabel to label the disk, see below about
75how to use it.
76When labeling is finished, halt the computer, bring up the boot program
77again and this time load copy, see below about how to use it.
78Remember that you are will copy from partition 0 when using floppies.
79
80Now go to step 3.
81
82
83Installing over network:
84
85
86You can use the same flags when booting over the net as when
87booting from local disks; like: ">>>B/3 ESA0" will load boot
88in ask state. From here you can load any file you want, even
89copy and edlabel if they are located in the exported root fs.
90
91Note 1: Netbooting of MicroVAX II/III systems with DEQNA/DELUA
92    ethernet does not work does not work yet because lack of standalone
93    drivers. Mounting of root and swap over NFS works goos though.
94Note 2: Mopd won't work on VAXen with de/qe ethernet, due to the
95    lack of bpf support for those interfaces.
96
97Booting up miniroot.
98When copying is ready, bring the boot program up a third
99time, and this time bring up a real system by telling
100boot where you put your miniroot _and_ also the generic
101kernel name. Example: ra(0,1)gennetbsd,  boots gennetbsd
102from swap partition on ra0.
103
104When kernel is loaded, you will after a while get a
105question about Root device?. Respond to this with
106xx?*, where xx is the device name, ? is the unit
107number and * tells that the system shall use the swap
108partition as root partition. Example:
109
110        Root device? ra0*
111
112After that a second question:
113
114        Enter pathname of shell or RETURN for sh:
115
116Just type return. Now you will be in a normal single-user
117shell, and it's just to newfs your partitions, and start installation.
118
119A few things that you must remember to do from miniroot:
120disklabel -B <diskname>  to install boot blocks.
121MAKEDEV devices in the newly created root filesystem.
122Copy gennetbsd and boot from miniroot filesystem
123to the newly created root filesystem.
124
125How to use edlabel:
126Edlabel is a program to edit disklabels on any disks in a standalone
127environment. Mostly it is used to set labels when doing initial
128installation procedure. It is started from boot program prompt.
129You will here be guided through a session, things with ^^^^ under
130is typed in by the user, comments are within /* */.
131
132	>> NetBSD/vax boot [970610 23:44] <<
133	: edlabel
134	  ^^^^^^^
135With this program you can modify everything in the on-disk
136disklabel. To do something useful you must know the exact
137geometry of your disk, and have ideas about how you want
138your partitions to be placed on disk. Some hints:
139The a partition should be at least ~20000 blocks, the
140b (swap) is depending on your use of the machine but it
141should almost never be less than ~32000 blocks.
142
143Disk geometry for most DEC disks can be found in the disktab
144file, and applicable disk names can be found above.
145
146Remember that disk names is given as disk(adapt, ctrl, disk, part)
147when using the installation tools.
148
149Label which disk? ra(1,0,0)     /* See INSTALL text for device types */
150                  ^^^^^^^^^
151getdisklabel: no disk label
152ra(1,0,0): no disk label
153(E)dit, (S)how, (D)efaults, (W)rite, (Q)uit) : e
154                                               ^
155First set disk type. Valid types are:
1560  unknown
1571  SMD
1582  MSCP
1593  old DEC
1604  SCSI
1615  ESDI
1626  ST506
1637  HP-IB
1648  HP-FL
1659  type 9
16610  floppy
16711  ccd
16812  vnd
169
170Numeric disk type? [0] 2    /* All disks supported this far is MSCP */
171Disk name? [] rd54     ^    /* You must know what type your disk is */
172badsect? [n]  ^^^^          /* No badsectoring yet */
173ecc? [n]                    /* ECC is automatic, don't care */
174removable? [n]              /* Removable or not, like RA60 */
175Interleave? [0] 1           /* All MSCP disks is seen like 1 interleave */
176rpm? [0] 3600   ^           /* 3600 rpm is normal */
177trackskew? [0]              /* don't care */
178cylinderskew? [0]           /* don't care */
179headswitch? [0]             /* don't care */
180track-to-track? [0]         /* don't care */
181drivedata 0? [0]            /* don't care */
182drivedata 1? [0]            /* don't care */
183drivedata 2? [0]            /* don't care */
184drivedata 3? [0]            /* don't care */
185drivedata 4? [0]            /* don't care */
186
187bytes/sector? [0] 512       /* Probably only sive on VAX systems */
188                  ^^^
189sectors/track? [0] 17       /* You must know this, check disktab file */
190                   ^^
191tracks/cylinder? [0] 15     /* You must know this, check disktab file */
192                     ^^
193sectors/cylinder? [0] 255   /* sectors/track * tracks/cylinder */
194                      ^^^
195cylinders? [0] 1221         /* You must know this, check disktab file */
196               ^^^^
197a partition: offset? [0]        /* Partition sizes are set by you. */
198             size? [0] 20000    /* Take default sizes from disktab or */
199b partition: offset? [0] 20000  /* calculate your own partition sizes */
200             size? [0] 20000
201c partition: offset? [0]
202             size? [0] 311200
203d partition: offset? [0]
204             size? [0]
205e partition: offset? [0] 40000
206             size? [0] 271200
207f partition: offset? [0]
208             size? [0]
209g partition: offset? [0]
210             size? [0]
211h partition: offset? [0]
212             size? [0]
213
214(E)dit, (S)how, (D)efaults, (W)rite, (Q)uit) : s /* Show what you've typed */
215                                               ^
216
217disk type 2 (MSCP),  rd54:
218interleave 1, rpm 3600, trackskew 0, cylinderskew 0
219headswitch 0, track-to-track 0, drivedata: 0 0 0 0 0
220
221bytes/sector: 512
222sectors/track: 17
223tracks/cylinder: 15
224sectors/cylinder: 255
225cylinders: 1221
226
2278 partitions:
228     size   offset
229a:   20000,    0
230b:   20000,    20000
231c:   311200,    0
232d:   0,    0
233e:   271200,    40000
234f:   0,    0
235g:   0,    0
236h:   0,    0
237
238(E)dit, (S)how, (D)efaults, (W)rite, (Q)uit) : w /* Write label to disk */
239
240This program does not (yet) write bootblocks, only disklabel.
241Remember to write the bootblocks from the miniroot later with the
242command "disklabel -B <diskname>".
243(E)dit, (S)how, (D)efaults, (W)rite, (Q)uit) : q
244
245
246How to use copy:
247
248Copy is a standalone program that can copy multiple volumes
249from disk/tape to disk/tape. Mostly it is used to copy the
250miniroot filesystem onto the swap partition during initial
251installation.
252You will here be guided through a session, things with ^^^^ under
253is typed in by the user, comments are within /* */.
254This is an installation from TK50.
255
256
257	>> NetBSD/vax boot [970610 23:44] <<
258	: copy
259	  ^^^^
260
261copy:
262This program will read miniroot from tape/floppy/disk
263and install this miniroot onto disk.
264
265Specify the device to read from as xx(N,0), where
266xx is the device-name and N is the unit-number, e.g.
267"mt(0,1)" for the first TMSCP-tape (TK50),
268"ra(2,0)" for the third MSCP-disk/floppy (RX33/RX50)
269
270device to read from ? mt(0,1) /* Tape 0, file 1 */
271                      ^^^^^^^^
272Specify number of blocks to transfer. Usually this is
273sizeof(miniroot) / 512.
274It's safe to transfer more blocks than just the miniroot.
275
276number of blocks ? 4096  /* Miniroot size is 4096 block */
277                   ^^^^
278If your miniroot is split into volumes, then you must
279specify the number of blocks per volume.
280(e.g. 800 blocks per RX50, 2400 blocks per RX33)
281
282number of blocks per volume ? [4096]
283
284Make sure unit tms(0,1) is online and holds the proper volume.
285Then type 'g' to Go or 'a' to Abort.
286
287OK to go on ? [g/a] g   /* g == go, a == abort */
288                    ^
289Reading ... Reading of miniroot done. (4096 blocks read)
290
291
292Now specify the device to write miniroot to as xx(N,1)
293where xx is the drive type and N is the drive number.
294For example: ra(0,1) refers to MSCP drive #0, b partition
295
296Root disk ? : ra(0,1) /* Actually DUA0, partition b (swap) */
297              ^^^^^^^^^
298Initializing partition ... done.
299(4096 blocks written.)
300
301Halt the machine and reboot from distribution media,
302giving second partition as part to mount as root. Ex:
303: ra(0,1) for ra disk 0, hp(2,1) for massbuss disk 2
304
305Halt/Reboot the machine NOW.
306?02 EXT HLT
307    PC = 001005F3
308>>>
309
310
311