1.\" $NetBSD: main,v 1.394 2008/04/01 22:12:38 cegger Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1999-2005 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc. 4.\" All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 15.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 16.\" This product includes software developed by the NetBSD 17.\" Foundation, Inc. and its contributors. 18.\" 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its 19.\" contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived 20.\" from this software without specific prior written permission. 21.\" 22.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS 23.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED 24.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 25.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS 26.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR 27.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF 28.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS 29.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN 30.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) 31.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 32.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 33.\" 34.ig 35 36 To "regenerate" this file, go up one level to src/distrib/notes 37 and type "make". This will create 38 src/distrib/notes/<arch>/INSTALL.*. 39 40 The notes that describe the improvements over the last release 41 aren't appropriate for a snapshot, so these are conditional on 42 FOR_RELEASE. 0 == snapshot; 1 == release 43.. 44. 45.tm Processing INSTALL 46. 47.\" -------------------- CONFIGURATION -------------------- 48. 49.nr FOR_RELEASE 1 50.nr DOC_XR 1 51.ds MACHINE_LIST acorn26 acorn32 algor alpha amd64 amiga amigappc arc atari 52.as MACHINE_LIST " bebox cats cesfic cobalt dreamcast evbarm evbmips evbppc 53.as MACHINE_LIST " evbsh3 ews4800mips hp300 hp700 hpcarm hpcmips hpcsh 54.as MACHINE_LIST " hppa i386 ibmnws iyonix luna68k mac68k macppc mipsco mmeye 55.as MACHINE_LIST " mvme68k mvmeppc netwinder news68k newsmips next68k ofppc 56.as MACHINE_LIST " pdp10 playstation2 pmax prep sandpoint sbmips 57.as MACHINE_LIST " sgimips shark sparc sparc64 sun2 sun3 vax x68k xen zaurus . 58.so \*[.CURDIR]/../common/macros 59. 60.Dd February 5, 2008 61.Dt INSTALL 8 62.Os NetBSD 63.Sh NAME 64.Nm INSTALL 65.Nd Installation procedure for 66.Nx*M . 67.Sh CONTENTS 68.Tc 69.Sh DESCRIPTION 70. 71.Ss About this Document 72.Pp 73. 74This document describes the installation procedure for 75.Nx 76\*V on the 77.Em \*M 78platform. 79It is available in four different formats titled 80.Pa INSTALL. Ns Ar ext , 81where 82.Ar \&.ext 83is one of 84.Pa \&.ps , \&.html , \&.more , 85.No or Pa \&.txt : 86.(tag \&.morex -offset indent 87.It Pa \&.ps 88PostScript. 89.It Pa \&.html 90.No Standard Internet Tn HTML . 91.It Pa \&.more 92The enhanced text format used on 93.Ul 94systems by the 95.Xr more 1 96and 97.Xr less 1 98pager utility programs. 99This is the format in which the on-line 100.Em man 101pages are generally presented. 102.It Pa \&.txt 103Plain old 104.Tn ASCII . 105.tag) 106.Pp 107You are reading the 108.Em \*[format] 109version. 110. 111.if \n[i386]:\n[macppc]:\n[sparc]:\n[sparc64]:\n[amd64] \{\ 112.Ss "Quick install notes for the impatient" 113.Pp 114This section contains some brief notes describing what you need to 115install 116.Nx 117\*V on a machine of the \*M architecture. 118.Bl -bullet 119.It 120Fetch the 121.if \n[i386]:\n[amd64] \{\ 122appropriate pair of boot floppy images from the 123.Pa \*M/installation/floppy/ 124directory, or a CD-ROM image (the images from 125.Pa \*M/installation/cdrom/ 126are bootable, but do not contain binary sets - these are intended for network 127installs, or when different bootblocks are needed). 128Most people will need the 129.Pa boot1.fs 130and 131.Pa boot2.fs 132or 133.Pa boot.iso 134images for VGA console installation, or the 135.Pa boot-com1.fs 136and 137.Pa boot-com2.fs 138or 139.Pa boot-com.iso 140images for installation via serial console. 141.if \n[i386] \{\ 142You may also possibly (but not necessarily) want to use 143.Pa bootlap1.fs 144and 145.Pa bootlap2.fs 146if installing on a laptop. 147The INSTALL_LAPTOP kernel can be loaded from one of the cdrom images via 148the bootloader: 149.Ic boot Ar nblaptop . 150.\} 151.Pp 152The default kernel on ISO images have ACPI enabled. This is known to cause 153issues on a few older machines which have buggy ACPI tables. To boot with 154ACPI disabled, interrupt the 155.Nx 156boot loader, and enter: 157.Ic boot -c . 158At the userconf prompt, enter: 159.Ic disable acpi 160followed by: 161.Ic quit . 162.if \n[i386] \{\ 163The kernel from the two floppy set is also present on the ISO images and can be 164loaded using: 165.Ic boot Ar nbnoacpi . 166.\} 167.\} 168.if \n[macppc] \{\ 169files necessary to boot your system. 170The files depend on what model you 171are using and how you plan to boot your machine. 172For systems with built-in floppy drives (Open Firmware 1 or 2), 173fetch the pair of boot floppy images 174.Pa macppc/installation/floppy/boot1.fs 175and 176.Pa macppc/installation/floppy/boot2.fs , 177which include the bootloader and installation kernel. 178For systems without floppy drives (most are Open Firmware 3), fetch the 179bootloader 180.Pa macppc/installation/ofwboot.xcf 181and the installation kernel 182.Pa macppc/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC_MD.gz . 183If you have a CD-R, you can fetch the CD image, 184.Pa macppccd-\*V.iso . 185.\} 186.if \n[sparc] \{\ 187CD image, 188.Pa sparccd-\*V.iso 189or the floppy disk images, 190.Pa sparc/install/floppy/disk1.gz No and Pa sparc/install/floppy/disk2 . 191You need either the pair of floppies or the CD to boot your system. 192.\} 193.if \n[sparc64] \{\ 194CD image, 195.Pa sparc64cd-\*V.iso 196or the installation kernel and bootloader, 197.Pa sparc64/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz No and Pa sparc64/installation/misc/ofwboot 198which can be booted from a 199.Tn Solaris 200or 201.Nx 202partition. 203.\} 204.if \n[macppc]:\n[sparc]:\n[sparc64] \{\ 205Alternatively, you may netboot the installation kernel. This process is 206covered below, in detail. 207.\} 208.It 209The actual binary distribution is in the 210.Pa \*M/binary/sets/ 211directory. 212When you boot the install 213.if \n[i386] floppies, 214.if \n[macppc] kernel from floppies, hard drive, or CD-ROM, 215.if \n[sparc] floppies or CD-ROM, 216.if \n[sparc64] CD-ROM or installation kernel, 217the installation program 218can fetch these files for you (using e.g. ftp), 219if you have a network connection. 220There are several other methods to get the binary sets onto 221your machine. 222.Pp 223You will at a minimum need 224.ie \n[i386]:\n[amd64] \{\ 225one of the kernel sets, typically 226.Pa kern-GENERIC.tgz , 227as well as 228.\} 229.el \{\ 230the following sets: 231.Pa kern-GENERIC.tgz , 232.\} 233.Pa base.tgz 234and 235.Pa etc.tgz . 236In a typical workstation installation you will probably want 237all the installation sets. 238.if \n[i386] \{\ 239.It 240Write the floppy images directly to a pair of floppies. 241If you have problems writing a raw image to a floppy, 242the 243.Ic rawrite.exe 244MS-DOS program 245or the 246.Ic Rawrite32.exe 247Windows32 program (inside 248.Pa rawrite32.zip ) 249in the 250.Pa i386/installation/misc/ 251directory may be of help. 252.\} 253.if \n[macppc] \{\ 254.It 255If your \*M has a floppy drive, create the pair of boot floppies using 256.Ic suntar 257(MacOS 9), 258.Ic rawrite 259(Windows), or 260.Ic dd 261(any 262.Ul 263system with floppy support). If your system has Open Firmware 3, drag 264.Pa ofwboot.xcf No and Pa netbsd-GENERIC_MD.gz 265to your hard drive icon (the top level of the drive, not the desktop). 266If you are using the CD image, burn it now. 267.\} 268.if \n[sparc] \{\ 269.It 270Make sure your sparc's CD-ROM drive is bootable. 271Burn the CD. 272Otherwise, write the floppy images directly to a pair of floppies 273(after uncompressing disk1.gz). 274.\} 275.if \n[sparc64] \{\ 276.It 277Burn the CD or put the installation kernel and bootloader 278at the root level of a bootable 279.Tn Solaris 280or 281.Nx 282partition. 283.\} 284.Pp 285The disk(s) you just prepared will be used to boot the installation 286kernel, which contains all the tools required to install 287.Nx . 288.if \n[macppc] \{\ 289.It 290Determine your machine's model, quirks, and Open Firmware version from the 291.Nx*M 292Model Support webpage. 293.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/ports/macppc/models.html 294.Pp 295At present, 296.Nx*M 297cannot exist on the same hard drive as 298.Tn Mac OS 299unless you partition your disk before running the installer. 300Open Firmware versions prior to 3 require a dedicated 301.Nx 302drive \(em you must use the entire disk, 303partitioned with the installation tools. 304Open Firmware version 3 cannot boot into 305.Nx 306on a drive partitioned with the installation tools, you must partition 307your disk before running the installer, then select the 308.Dq Me "Re-install sets or install additional sets" 309option in the installer (selecting the 310.Dq Me "Install NetBSD to hard disk" 311or 312.Dq Me "Upgrade NetBSD on a hard disk" 313options will render your drive unbootable). 314If you are unsure, you may want to read the section below on 315.Sx Partitioning your hard drive for NetBSD 316.It 317For systems with Open Firmware versions prior to 3, you may need to use 318Apple's System Disk utility to enter Open Firmware and use your screen and 319keyboard. 320To enter Open Firmware, hold down the 321.Key COMMAND-OPTION-O-F 322keys after the boot chime starts, but before the chime ends. 323Entering Open Firmware versions prior to 3 is usually the most frustrating 324part of installation \(em you may want to read the section below on 325.Sx Older Open Firmware System Preparation 326.Pp 327You should have the Open Firmware 328.Dq Pa "0 \*>" 329prompt on your screen before attempting to boot 330.Nx*M . 331.\} 332.if \n[macppc] \{\ 333.It 334At the Open Firmware prompt, type the command to boot. 335To boot from the installation floppies, the command is 336.Dq Ic "boot fd:0" . 337For the install kernel and bootloader on your hard drive (Open Firmware 3383), the command is 339.Dq Ic "boot hd:,\eofwboot.xcf netbsd-GENERIC_MD.gz" . 340.Pp 341For boot CDs, the command is something like 342.Dq Ic "boot cd:,\eofwboot.xcf netbsd.macppc" 343(for Open Firmware 3) or 344.Dq Ic "boot scsi-int/sd@3:0 NETBSD.MACPPC" 345(for earlier Open Firmware versions). 346You will need to use the correct case for 347.Ic OFWBOOT.XCF No and Ic NETBSD.MACPPC 348depending on how your version of Open Firmware interprets the ISO 349file system. 350You may need to replace 351.Ic cd 352with 353.Ic "scsi/sd@3 , scsi-int/sd@3 , ata/atapi-disk ," 354or some other device alias. 355You should also use the Open Firmware 356.Ic dir 357command to confirm that the 358.Nx*M 359kernel is called 360.Pa NETBSD.MACPPC . 361You may want to read the section below on 362.Sx Open Firmware boot syntax 363.\} 364.if \n[sparc]:\n[sparc64] \{\ 365.It 366You will need to get to the 367.if \n[sparc] OpenBoot PROM 368.if \n[sparc64] OpenFirmware 369.Dq Ic "ok" 370prompt. 371After your system first powers on, and displays some initial information, 372press the 373.Key STOP-A 374keys, or send a BREAK if you're on a serial console. 375At the 376.Dq Ic "ok" 377prompt, type the command to boot your system into 378.Nx . 379.\} 380.if \n[sparc] \{\ 381The command to boot from CD is one of the following commands (depending on 382your model): 383.Dq Ic b sd(,30,) , 384.Dq Ic boot sd(,30,) , 385or 386.Dq Ic boot cdrom . 387.Pp 388The command to boot from floppy is either 389.Dq Ic boot fd(,,1) 390or 391.Dq Ic boot floppy . 392The installer will prompt you to insert the second floppy when it is ready 393for it. 394.\} 395.if \n[sparc64] \{\ 396The command to boot from CD is: 397.Dq Ic boot cdrom . 398The command to boot the 399.Nx 400kernel from a 401.Tn Solaris 402or 403.Nx 404partition depends on which disk and partition it is on. 405To boot from the first partition of the first (primary) disk: 406.Dq Ic "boot disk:a /ofwboot -a" . 407When it asks you for a kernel, specify 408.Dq Ic "netbsd-INSTALL.gz" 409.\} 410.It 411For third-party programs which are not part of the base 412.Nx 413distribution, you will want to explore the 414.Ic pkgsrc 415system with its more than 7200 program packages. 416.El 417.\} 418.Ss "What is NetBSD?" 419.Pp 420. 421The 422.Nx 423Operating System is a fully functional 424.Tn Open Source 425.Ul 426operating system derived from the University of California, Berkeley 427Networking Release 2 (Net/2), 4.4BSD-Lite, and 4.4BSD-Lite2 sources. 428.Nx 429runs on fifty four different system architectures (ports), 430featuring seventeen machine architectures 431across fifteen distinct CPU families, 432and is being ported to more. 433The 434.Nx 435\*V release contains complete binary releases for many different 436system architectures. 437(A few ports are not fully supported at this time 438and are thus not part of the binary distribution. 439Please see the 440.Nx 441web site at 442.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/ 443for information on them.) 444.Pp 445.Nx 446is a completely integrated system. 447In addition to its highly portable, high performance kernel, 448.nh 449.Nx 450features a complete set of user utilities, compilers for several 451languages, the X Window System, firewall software 452and numerous other tools, all accompanied by full source code. 453.Pp 454.\" XXX Should we include some text here about NetBSD's license 455.\" policies and how commercial-friendly it is? 456.Nx 457is a creation of the members of the Internet community. 458Without the unique cooperation and coordination the net makes 459possible, it's likely that 460.Nx 461wouldn't exist. 462. 463.if \n[FOR_RELEASE] \{\ 464.Ss Changes Between The NetBSD 4.0 and 5.0 Releases 465.Pp 466The 467.Nx 468\*V release 469provides numerous significant functional enhancements, including 470support for many new devices, integration of hundreds of bug fixes, 471new and updated kernel subsystems, and many user-land enhancements. 472The result of these improvements is a stable operating system fit for 473production use that rivals most commercially available systems. 474.Pp 475It is impossible to completely summarize more than a year of development that 476went into the 477.Nx 478\*V release. 479.\" {BEGIN from htdocs/releases/formal-5/NetBSD-5.0.xml#major-changes 480The complete list of changes can be found in the 481CHANGES: 482.Lk ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-4.0/CHANGES 483and 484CHANGES-4.0: 485.Lk ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-4.0/CHANGES-4.0 486files in the top level directory of the NetBSD 4.0 release tree. Some highlights include: 487.Ss2 Networking 488.(bullet 489.Xr agr 4 : 490new pseudo-device driver for link level aggregation. 491.It 492IPv6 support was extended with an RFC 3542-compliant API and added for 493.Xr gre 4 494tunnels and the 495.Xr tun 4 496device. 497.It 498A NDIS-wrapper was added to use Windows binary drivers on the i386 platform, see 499.Xr ndiscvt 8 . 500.It 501The IPv4 source-address selection policy can be set from a number of algorithms. See "IPSRCSEL" in 502.Xr options 4 503and 504.Xr in_getifa 9 . 505.It 506Imported 507.Xr wpa_supplicant 8 508and 509.Xr wpa_cli 8 . 510Utilities to connect and handle aspects of 802.11 WPA networks. 511.It 512Imported 513.Xr hostapd 8 . 514An authenticator for IEEE 802.11 networks. 515.It 516.Xr carp 4 : 517imported Common Address Redundancy Protocol to allow multiple hosts to share a set of IP addresses for high availability / redundancy, from OpenBSD. 518.It 519ALTQ support for the PF packet filter. 520.It 521.Xr etherip 4 : 522new EtherIP tunneling device. It's able to tunnel Ethernet traffic over IPv4 and IPv6 using the EtherIP protocol specified in RFC 3378. 523.It 524.Xr ftpd 8 525can now run in standalone mode, instead of from 526.Xr inetd 8 . 527.It 528.Xr tftp 1 529now has support for multicast TFTP operation in open-loop mode, server is in progress. 530.It 531.Xr tcp 4 : 532added support for RFC 3465 Appropriate Byte Counting (ABC) and Explicit Congestion Notification as defined in RFC 3168. 533.bullet) 534. 535.Ss2 File systems 536.(bullet 537.Xr scan_ffs 8 , 538.Xr scan_lfs 8 : 539utilities to find FFSv1/v2 and LFS partitions to recover lost disklabels on disks and image files. 540.It 541tmpfs: added a new memory-based file system aimed at replacing mfs. Contrary to mfs, it is not based on a disk file system, so it is more efficient both in overall memory consumption and speed. See 542.Xr mount_tmpfs 8 . 543.It 544Added UDF support for optical media and block devices, see 545.Xr mount_udf 8 . 546Read-only for now. 547.It 548NFS export list handling was changed to be filesystem independent. 549.It 550LFS: lots of stability improvements and new cleaner daemon. It is now also possible to use LFS as root filesystem. 551.It 552.Xr vnd 4 : 553the vnode disk driver can be used on filesystems such as smbfs and tmpfs. 554.It 555Support for System V Boot File System was added, see 556.Xr newfs_sysvbfs 8 557and 558.Xr mount_sysvbfs 8 . 559.bullet) 560. 561.Ss2 Drivers 562.(bullet 563Audio: 564.(bullet 565Support for new models on drivers such as Intel ICH8/6300ESB, NVIDIA nForce 3/4, etc. 566.It 567Added support for AC'97 modems. 568.It 569.Xr auich 4 : 570added support to handle the AC'97 modem as audio device, enabled with the kernel option 571.Dq AUICH_ATTACH_MODEM 572. 573.It 574.Xr azalia 4 : 575added support for S/PDIF. 576.bullet) 577. 578.It 579Hardware Monitors: 580.(bullet 581.Xr amdpm 4 : 582added support for the i2c bus on the AMD-8111 used on many Opteron motherboards and for the Analog Devices ADT7464 hardware monitor chip. 583.It 584.Xr adt7467c 4 : 585new driver for Analog Devices ADT7467 and ADM1030 hardware monitor chips. 586.It 587.Xr ipmi 4 : 588new driver for motherboards implementing the Intelligent Platform Management Interface 1.5 or 2.0, from OpenBSD. 589.It 590.Xr it 4 : 591new driver for iTE 8705F/8712F and SiS 950 hardware monitors. 592.It 593The 594.Xr lm 4 595driver was rewritten and support for more chips was added, for example for Winbond W83627HF, W83627THF, W83627DHG and Asus AS99127F. 596.It 597.Xr owtemp 4 : 598new driver for the 1-Wire temperature sensors. 599.It 600.Xr tmp121temp 4 : 601new driver for the Texas Instruments TMP121 temperature sensor. 602.It 603.Xr ug 4 : 604new driver for Abit uGuru hardware monitor found on newer Abit motherboards. 605.bullet) 606. 607.It 608Miscellaneous: 609.(bullet 610.Xr geodewdog 4 : 611new AMD Geode SC1100 Watchdog Timer driver. 612.It 613.Xr gscpcib 4 : 614new AMD Geode SC1100 PCI-ISA bridge that provides support for the GPIO interface. 615.bullet) 616. 617.It 618Networking: 619.(bullet 620.Xr ath 4 : 621updated HALs with support for WiSOC (AR531x) and 32bit SPARC. 622.It 623.Xr bge 4 : 624added support for the following chips: BCM5753, BCM5753M, BCM5715, BCM5754, BCM5755 and BCM5787. Numerous improvements and bugfixes were made too. 625.It 626.Xr kse 4 : 627new driver for Micrel KSZ8842/8841 PCI network cards. 628.It 629.Xr msk 4 : 630new driver for Marvell Yukon 2 GigE PCI network cards, from OpenBSD. 631.It 632.Xr nfe 4 : 633new driver for NVIDIA nForce Ethernet network cards, from OpenBSD. 634.It 635.Xr ral 4 : 636new 802.11 driver for PCI/Cardbus Ralink RT2500, RT2501, RT2600, RT2661 and RT2500 USB chipsets, from OpenBSD. 637.It 638.Xr rum 4 : 639new 802.11 driver for USB Ralink RT2501 and RT2601 chipsets, from OpenBSD. 640.It 641.Xr sip 4 : 642now works on sparc64. 643.It 644.Xr tlp 4 : 645added support for ASIX AX88140A and AX88141. 646.It 647.Xr vr 4 : 648added support for the VIA Rhine III. 649.It 650.Xr wm 4 : 651added support for i8003, ICH8, ICH9 and others. Support for IPv6 Rx TCP/UDP Checksum Offloading and more. 652.It 653.Xr wpi 4 : 654new driver for Intel PRO/Wireless 3945ABG PCI 802.11 network cards, from OpenBSD. 655.bullet) 656. 657.It 658Security: 659.(bullet 660.Xr glxsb 4 : 661new driver for the AMD Geode LX AES Security Block that provides random numbers and AES acceleration, from OpenBSD. 662.bullet) 663. 664.It 665Power Management: 666.(bullet 667Support for Intel Speedstep SMI on PIIX4 PCI-ISA for i386. 668.It 669Support for AMD PowerNow and Cool'n'Quiet Technology on K7 and K8 CPUs (both in 32 and 64 bit mode), including Athlon Mobile, Athlon64, Opteron or X2. See 670.Xr options 4 671for more information. 672.It 673Support for more Enhanced Speedstep CPUs, including VIA C7/Eden and Intel Core Solo/Duo/Duo2. See 674.Xr options 4 675for more information. 676.It 677The Enhanced Speedstep and PowerNow drivers were modified to be able to be scaled in all CPUs available, saving power on SMP systems. 678.bullet) 679. 680.It 681Storage: 682.(bullet 683.Xr ahcisata 4 : 684new driver for AHCI 1.0 and 1.1 compliant SATA controllers. 685.It 686.Xr ataraid 4 : 687added support to handle Adaptec HostRAID and VIA V-Tech software RAID. 688.It 689.Xr ciss 4 : 690new driver for HP/Compaq 5th+ generation Smart ARRAY controllers, from OpenBSD. 691.It 692.Xr fdc 4 : 693added support for SBus based sparc64 machines and fixed formatting on sparc. 694.It 695.Xr gcscide 4 : 696new driver for the AMD Geode CS5535 Companion Device IDE controller. 697.It 698.Xr jmide 4 : 699new driver for JMicron Technology JMB36x PCIe to SATA II/PATA controllers. 700.It 701.Xr mfi 4 : 702new driver for LSI Logic and Dell MegaRAID SAS controllers, from OpenBSD. 703.It 704.Xr mpt 4 : 705added support for newer SAS and similar devices. 706.It 707.Xr njata 4 : 708new driver for Workbit NinjaATA-32 CardBus IDE controller. 709.It 710.Xr pdcsata 4 : 711added support for the Promise PDC20775, PDC20771, PDC40518, PDC40718 and some bugfixes. 712.It 713.Xr piixide 4 : 714added support for some ICH8/ICH8-M/ICH9 IDE and SATA controllers. 715.It 716.Xr svwsata 4 : 717new driver for Serverworks K2 SATA controllers, from OpenBSD. 718.It 719.Xr viaide 4 720added support for the VIA VT8237A SATA controller and AMD CS5536 Companion Device IDE Controller. 721.bullet) 722. 723.It 724USB: 725.(bullet 726.Xr ucycom 4 : 727new driver for Cypress microcontroller based serial devices. 728.It 729.Xr uipaq 4 : 730new driver for the iPAQ devices. 731.It 732.Xr uslsa 4 : 733new driver for Silicon Labs CP210x series serial adapters. 734.It 735.Xr utoppy 4 : 736new driver for the Topfield TF5000PVR range of digital video recorders. 737.bullet) 738. 739.bullet) 740. 741.Ss2 Platforms 742.(bullet 743i386: 744.(bullet 745Added support for the for Multiboot specification. This means much improved support for loading the kernel by GRUB, including passing in parameters to the kernel. 746.It 747Added the unichromefb framebuffer driver that supports the VIA Unichrome Graphics adapter. 748.It 749.Xr vesafb 4 : 750added new framebuffer driver that supports VESA BIOS (VBE) 2.0 extensions and up. 751.It 752Added cd9660 file system support to the BIOS bootloader. 753.bullet) 754. 755.It 756evbarm: new platform support for Arcom Viper PXA255-based single board, Atmark Techno Armadillo-9 and Armadillo-210, Certance CP-3100, Linksys NSLU2 (a.k.a. "Slug") and I-O DATA HDL-G Giga LANDISK NAS devices. 757.It 758evbmips: added support for Alchemy Au1550 processors, DBAu1550 boards, Alchemy Au15XX PCI host, (OMS-AL400/128) and Atheros AR5312 SoC. 759.It 760New port 761ews4800mips: NEC's MIPS based EWS4800 workstations. 762.It 763cobalt: added support for booting off raidframe RAID1 mirrors. 764.It 765hpcmips: added the 766.Xr teliosio 4 767driver for the Sharp Telios LCD screen and Battery unit. 768.It 769New port 770landisk: port to the SH4 processor based NAS appliances, supporting models by I-O DATA (USL-5P, HDL-U, HDL-AV, HDL-W and HDLM-U series, SuperTank LAN Tank, UHDL-160U and UHDL-300U) and Plextor PX-EH16L, PX-EH25L and PX-EH40L. 771.It 772macppc: this port has gained support to use accelerated wsdisplay drivers by default (if possible), and uses the appropriate driver rather than the Generic Open Firmware Framebuffer. 773.It 774prep: this port has been modernized, and support for five additional machines has been added, among them the IBM 7024-E20 and 7025-F30 models and Motorola Powerstack E1. Additionally, sysinst support was added, and the bootloader process was improved, allowing easy installation and upgrade to future releases. 775.It 776sparc: added support for booting off raidframe RAID1 mirrors. 777.It 778Xen: support for Xen3 domU and dom0 (Unprivileged domain and domain 0), including support for hardware virtualization on CPUs that support it. 779.bullet) 780. 781.Ss2 Kernel subsystems 782.(bullet 783Improved Firewire (IEEE1394) support imported from FreeBSD. 784.It 785The 786.Xr midi 4 787framework got a complete overhaul for better support of Active Sensing and improved handling of tempo and timebase changes. 788.It 789Added a Bluetooth protocol stack including: 790.(bullet 791hardware drivers: 792.Xr ubt 4 793for USB controllers, and 794.Xr bt3c 4 795for the 3Com Bluetooth PC-Card. 796.It 797socket based access to the HCI, L2CAP, RFCOMM and SCO protocols. 798.It 799pseudo drivers for integrating services on remote Bluetooth devices such as Keyboards, Mice and SCO Audio into the NetBSD device framework. 800.bullet) 801. 802.Pp 803See 804.Xr bluetooth 4 , 805.Xr bthset 1 806and 807.Xr btpin 1 . 808.It 809Imported the 810.Xr bio 4 811framework from OpenBSD, to query/control block hardware RAID device controllers. Currently supporting the 812.Xr mfi 4 813driver. 814.It 815Kernel uses stateful read-ahead algorithm. 816.It 817.Xr dkctl 8 818can be used to switch buffer queuing strategies on the fly on 819.Xr wd 4 820disks, see also 821.Xr bufq 9 . 822.It 823.Xr fileassoc 9 824is used by Veriexec, it adds in-kernel and file-system independent file meta-data association interface. 825.It 826.Xr firmload 9 : 827an API for loading firmware images used by various hardware devices. 828.It 829.Xr gpio 4 : 830imported General Purpose I/O framework from OpenBSD. 831.It 832.Xr onewire 4 : 833imported Dallas Semiconductor 1-wire bus framework from OpenBSD. 834.It 835The 836.Xr proplib 3 837protocol was added for sending property lists to/from the kernel using ioctls. 838.It 839.Xr spi 4 : 840new SPI (Serial Peripherial Interface) framework. 841.It 842.Xr timecounter 9 843adds a new time-keeping infrastructure along with NTP API 4 nanokernel implementation. Almost all platforms were changed to support this API. 844.It 845Start of 32bit-Linux-emulation for amd64 (COMPAT_LINUX32). 846.It 847.Xr wscons 4 848console driver supports splash screens, scrolling, progress bar for kernel and boot messages. 849.bullet) 850. 851.Pp 852Kernel interfaces have continued to be refined, and more subsystems and device drivers are shared among the different ports. You can look for this trend to continue. 853.Ss2 Security 854.(bullet 855The FAST_IPSEC IPsec implementation was extended to use hardware acceleration for IPv6, in addition to the hardware accelerated IPv4 that was available before. See 856.Xr fast_ipsec 4 857for more information. 858.It 859.Xr mprotect 2 860got restrictions to enforce W^X policies, from PaX. See 861.Xr options 4 , 862.Xr sysctl 3 , 863and 864.Xr paxctl 1 . 865.It 866GCC 4's support for stack smashing protection (SSP) was enabled by adding libssp, see 867.Xr security 8 . 868.It 869The kernel authorization framework 870.Xr kauth 9 871was added, replacing the traditional BSD credential management and privileged operation access control with an abstract layer, allowing the implementation of various security models either as part of the NetBSD distribution or as third-party LKMs. 872.Pp 873NetBSD's kernel authorization is a hybrid clean-room implementation of a similar interface developed by Apple, extending its capabilities and combining concepts of credential inheritance control. 874.bullet) 875. 876.Ss2 Userland 877.(bullet 8783rd party software updates: 879.(bullet 880BIND 9.4.1-P1 881.It 882OpenSSL 0.9.8e 883.It 884CVS 1.11.22 885.It 886OpenSSH 4.4 887.It 888gettext 0.14.4 889.It 890PF from OpenBSD 3.7 891.It 892(n)awk 20050424 893.It 894Postfix 2.4.5 895.It 896am-utils 6.1.3 897.It 898file 4.21 899.It 900zlib 1.2.3 901.It 902GNU binutils 2.16.1 903.It 904GNU groff 1.19.2 905.It 906IPFilter 4.1.23 907.It 908GNU gcc 4.1.2 prerelease 909.It 910GNU gdb 6.5 (some architectures) 911.It 912NTP 4.2.4p2 913.It 914pppd 2.4.4 915.bullet) 916. 917.It 918.Xr cdplay 1 : 919added digital transfer mode support. 920.It 921.Xr cksum 1 922can now verify checksums. 923.It 924.Xr csplit 1 : 925new utility that splits a file into pieces. From FreeBSD/OpenBSD. 926.It 927.Xr identd 1 : 928added support for forwarding ident queries and receiving of proxied ident queries. 929.It 930.Xr getent 1 : 931added support for the ethers database. 932.It 933.Xr gkermit 1 : 934new program for transferring files using the Kermit protocol. 935.It 936.Xr mail 1 : 937added support for Mime and multi-character set handling, command line editing and completion. 938.It 939.Xr utoppya 1 : 940new utility to interface to the 941.Xr utoppy 4 942driver. 943.It 944.Xr init 8 : 945added support for running multi-user in a chroot() environment. Allows / file system on e.g., 946.Xr cgd 4 , 947.Xr vnd 4 948or 949.Xr ccd 4 950volumes. 951.It 952.Xr gpt 8 : 953new GUID partition table maintenance utility, from FreeBSD. 954.It 955iSCSI target (server) code added, see 956.Xr iscsi-target 8 ; 957Initiator (client) code is underway. 958.It 959.Xr lockstat 8 : 960new command to display a summary of kernel locking events recorded over the lifetime of a called program. 961.It 962.Xr ofctl 8 : 963new command to display the OpenPROM or OpenFirmware device tree for the macppc, shark and sparc64. 964.It 965Various utilities to support Bluetooth were added: 966.(bullet 967.Xr btconfig 8 968for controller configuration. 969.It 970.Xr btdevctl 8 971to manage pseudo devices relating to remote services. 972.It 973.Xr bthcid 8 974and 975.Xr btpin 1 976for authenticating radio connections. 977.It 978.Xr sdpd 8 979for providing service discovery to remote devices. 980.It 981.Xr sdpquery 1 982for querying services on remote devices. 983.It 984.Xr rfcomm_sppd 1 985to access remote services over RFCOMM via stdio or pty. 986.It 987.Xr bthset 1 988for making connections to Bluetooth headsets. 989.bullet) 990. 991.bullet) 992. 993.Pp 994Besides this list, there have also been innumerable bug fixes and other miscellaneous enhancements of course. 995.Ss2 Components removed from NetBSD 996.Pp 997In this release of NetBSD, some software components known from previous releases were removed from the system. In some cases those were components that are not useful anymore or their utility does not justify maintenance overhead. Other components were not working properly and there was lack of interest in fixing them. 998.(bullet 999Sushi was removed from the base system due to lack of interest and maintenance. If you really want it, it is available in the CVS repository at othersrc/usr.sbin/sushi. However, be warned that it is unmaintained and is most likely out of date. 1000.It 1001Vinum was removed due to lack of interest and maintenance. At the time of removal, it had several known serious issues (including not being compilable). RAIDframe provides similar functionality. If you were using Vinum you will need to back up your data, delete the Vinum partitions, create RAIDframe partitions, and restore your data to them. Details about RAIDframe can be found in 1002.Xr raid 4 , 1003.Xr raidctl 8 , 1004and the 1005NetBSD Guide: 1006.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/docs/guide/en/chap-rf.html . 1007.It 1008Sendmail was removed. Postfix is the MTA and provides the 1009.Xr sendmail 1 1010command line tool. Postfix has been included with NetBSD since NetBSD 1.5 was released in December 2005. Details about Postfix can be found in the 1011NetBSD Guide: 1012.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/docs/guide/en/chap-mail.html . 1013For those who need Sendmail, it is available from pkgsrc in the 1014.Pa mail/sendmail 1015and 1016.Pa mail/sendmail813 1017packages. 1018.It 1019NETCCITT and NETNS were removed due to lack of interest and maintenance. They had known serious issues (including being out of date with respect to other network code) and there were no known users at the time of their removal. Unfortunately, there is no replacement or option for them. 1020.It 1021UUCP was removed. The NetBSD improvements were merged into the pkgsrc version. For those who use UUCP tools, they are available from pkgsrc in the 1022.Pa net/uucp 1023package. The 1024.Xr cu 1 1025command is available as a frontend to 1026.Xr tip 1 . 1027.It 1028The Fortran 77 compiler ( 1029g77 1030) has been removed with the transition from GCC 3 to GCC 4, which does not include it. For those who need it, it is available from pkgsrc in the 1031.Pa lang/gcc3-f77 1032package. 1033.It 1034The evbsh5 port has been removed from NetBSD due to lack of interest, compounded by a lack of available SH5 hardware. 1035.bullet) 1036. 1037.\" END from htdocs/releases/formal-5/NetBSD-5.0.xml#major-changes } 1038.pso ../printwhatis 1039.\} \" \n[FOR_RELEASE] 1040. 1041.Ss "The Future of NetBSD" 1042.Pp 1043. 1044The 1045.Nx 1046Foundation has been incorporated as a non-profit 1047organization. 1048Its purpose is to encourage, foster and promote the free exchange 1049of computer software, namely the 1050.Nx 1051Operating 1052System. 1053The foundation will allow for many things to be handled more 1054smoothly than could be done with our previous informal organization. 1055In particular, it provides the framework to deal with other parties 1056that wish to become involved in the 1057.Nx 1058Project. 1059.Pp 1060The 1061.Nx 1062Foundation will help improve the quality of 1063.Nx 1064by: 1065.(bullet 1066providing better organization to keep track of development 1067efforts, including co-ordination with groups working in 1068related fields. 1069.It 1070providing a framework to receive donations of goods and 1071services and to own the resources necessary to run the 1072.Nx 1073Project. 1074.It 1075providing a better position from which to undertake 1076promotional activities. 1077.It 1078periodically organizing workshops for developers and other 1079interested people to discuss ongoing work. 1080.bullet) 1081.Pp 1082We hope to support even 1083.Em more 1084hardware in the future, and we have a 1085rather large number of other ideas about what can be done to improve 1086.Nx . 1087.Pp 1088We intend to continue our current practice of making the 1089NetBSD-current development source available on a daily basis. 1090.Pp 1091We intend to integrate free, positive changes from whatever sources 1092submit them, providing that they are well thought-out and increase the 1093usability of the system. 1094.Pp 1095Above all, we hope to create a stable and accessible system, and to be 1096responsive to the needs and desires of 1097.Nx 1098users, because it is for 1099and because of them that 1100.Nx 1101exists. 1102.br_ne 10P 1103. 1104.Ss "Sources of NetBSD" 1105.Pp 1106. 1107Refer to 1108.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/mirrors/. 1109.br_ne 10P 1110. 1111.Ss "NetBSD \*V Release Contents 1112.Pp 1113. 1114The root directory of the 1115.Nx 1116\*V release is organized as follows: 1117.ie \n[FOR_RELEASE] \{\ 1118.Pp 1119.Pa .../NetBSD-\*V/ 1120.(tag README.files 1121.It Li CHANGES 1122Changes between 1123.Nx 11244.0 and branching 5.0. 1125.It Li CHANGES-5.0 1126Changes since 1127.Nx 11285.0 was branched. 1129.It Li CHANGES.prev 1130Changes in earlier 1131.Nx 1132releases. 1133.It Li LAST_MINUTE 1134Last minute changes. 1135.It Li MIRRORS 1136A list of sites that mirror the 1137.Nx 1138\*V distribution. 1139.It Li README.files 1140README describing the distribution's contents. 1141.It Li TODO 1142.Nx Ns 's 1143todo list (also somewhat incomplete and out of date). 1144.It Pa patches/ 1145Post-release source code patches. 1146.It Pa source/ 1147Source distribution sets; see below. 1148.tag) 1149.Pp 1150In addition to the files and directories listed above, there is one 1151directory per architecture, for each of the architectures for which 1152.Nx 1153\*V has a binary distribution. 1154.Pp 1155The source distribution sets can be found in subdirectories of the 1156.Pa source 1157subdirectory of the distribution tree. 1158They contain the complete sources to the system. 1159The source distribution sets are as follows: 1160.(tag sharesrc 1161.It Sy gnusrc 1162This set contains the 1163.Dq gnu 1164sources, including the source for the compiler, assembler, groff, 1165and the other GNU utilities in the binary distribution sets. 1166.showsize 95 484 1167.It Sy sharesrc 1168This set contains the 1169.Dq share 1170sources, which include the sources for the man pages not associated 1171with any particular program; the sources for the typesettable document 1172set; the dictionaries; and more. 1173.showsize 6 25 1174.It Sy src 1175This set contains all of the base 1176.Nx 1177\*V sources which are not in 1178.Sy gnusrc , 1179.Sy sharesrc , 1180or 1181.Sy syssrc . 1182.showsize 45 214 1183.It Sy syssrc 1184This set contains the sources to the 1185.Nx 1186\*V kernel for all architectures; 1187.Xr config 1 ; 1188and 1189.Xr dbsym 8 . 1190.showsize 33 165 1191.It Sy xsrc 1192This set contains the sources to the X Window System. 1193.showsize 95 502 1194.tag) 1195.Pp 1196All the above source sets are located in the 1197.Pa source/sets 1198subdirectory of the distribution tree. 1199.Pp 1200The source sets are distributed as compressed tar files. 1201Except for the 1202.Sy pkgsrc 1203set, which is traditionally unpacked into 1204.Pa /usr/pkgsrc , 1205all sets may be unpacked into 1206.Pa /usr/src 1207with the command: 1208.Dl # Ic "cd / ; tar -zxpf set_name.tgz" 1209.Pp 1210In each of the source distribution set directories, there are 1211files which contain the checksums of the files in the directory: 1212.(tag SYSVSUM -offset indent 1213.It Li BSDSUM 1214Historic 1215.Bx 1216checksums for the various files 1217in that directory, in the format produced by the command: 1218.br 1219.Ic cksum -o 1 Ar file . 1220.It Li CKSUM 1221.Tn POSIX 1222checksums for the various files in that 1223directory, in the format produced by the command: 1224.br 1225.Ic cksum Ar file . 1226.It Li MD5 1227.Tn MD5 1228digests for the various files in that 1229directory, in the format produced by the command: 1230.br 1231.Ic cksum -a MD5 Ar file . 1232.It Li SHA512 1233.Tn SHA512 1234digests for the various files in that 1235directory, in the format produced by the command: 1236.br 1237.Ic cksum -a SHA512 Ar file . 1238.It Li SYSVSUM 1239Historic AT\*&T System V 1240.Ux 1241checksums for the various files in that directory, in the format produced by 1242the command: 1243.br 1244.Ic cksum -o 2 Ar file . 1245.tag) 1246.Pp 1247The SHA512 digest is the safest checksum, followed by the MD5 digest, 1248and finally the POSIX checksum. 1249The other two checksums are provided only to ensure 1250that the widest possible range of systems can check the integrity 1251of the release files. 1252.\} 1253.el \{\ 1254.Pp 1255.Pa \&.../NetBSD-current/tar_files/ 1256.(item -compact -offset indent 1257.Pa pkgsrc.tar.gz 1258.It 1259.Pa src/*.tar.gz 1260.It 1261.Pa xsrc/*.tar.gz 1262.item) 1263.Pp 1264Other directories provide unpacked source trees e.g. for distribution via 1265the the software update protocol (SUP) or the 1266concurrent version system (CVS). For more information see: 1267.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/mirrors/ 1268.\} 1269. 1270. 1271.so ../common/contents ----------------------------------------------- 1272. 1273. 1274.(Note 1275Each directory in the \*M binary distribution also has its 1276own checksum files, just as the source distribution does. 1277.Note) 1278.br_ne 7P 1279. 1280.Ss "NetBSD/\*M System Requirements and Supported Devices" 1281. 1282.so hardware ----------------------------------------------- 1283.br_ne 7P 1284. 1285.if \n[xen] \{.Ss "Installation options" 1286.br_ne 7P 1287. 1288.so instopt ----------------------------------------------- 1289.\} 1290. 1291.Ss "Getting the NetBSD System on to Useful Media" 1292. 1293.so xfer ----------------------------------------------- 1294.br_ne 7P 1295. 1296.Ss "Preparing your System for NetBSD installation" 1297. 1298.so prep ----------------------------------------------- 1299.br_ne 7P 1300. 1301.ie \n[mac68k] .Ss "Installing the NetBSD System (Sysinst Method)" 1302.el .Ss "Installing the NetBSD System" 1303. 1304.so install ----------------------------------------------- 1305.br_ne 7P 1306. 1307.Ss "Post installation steps" 1308. 1309.so ../common/postinstall ----------------------------------------------- 1310.br_ne 7P 1311. 1312.Ss "Upgrading a previously-installed NetBSD System" 1313. 1314.so upgrade ----------------------------------------------- 1315.br_ne 7P 1316. 1317.Ss "Compatibility Issues With Previous NetBSD Releases" 1318.Pp 1319. 1320Users upgrading from previous versions of 1321.Nx 1322may wish to bear the 1323following problems and compatibility issues in mind when upgrading to 1324.Nx 1325\*V. 1326.Pp 1327N.B. when using 1328.Ic sysinst 1329for upgrading, it will automatically invoke 1330.(disp 1331postinstall fix 1332.disp) 1333and thus all issues that are fixed by 1334.Ic postinstall 1335by default (see below) will be handled. 1336. 1337.Ss2 Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 2.1 and older releases. 1338See the sections below on upgrading from NetBSD 3.x and upgrading from 1339NetBSD 4.x as well. 1340.Pp 1341It is 1342.Sy very important 1343that you populate the directory 1344.Pa /etc/pam.d 1345with appropriate configuration files for Pluggable Authentication Modules 1346(PAM) because you will not be able to login any more otherwise. Using 1347.Em postinstall 1348as described below will take care of this. Please refer to 1349.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/docs/guide/en/chap-pam.html 1350for documentation about PAM. 1351.Pp 1352The following issues can generally be resolved by running 1353.Em postinstall 1354with the 1355.Sy etc 1356set : 1357.(disp 1358postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz check 1359postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix 1360.disp) 1361.Pp 1362Issues fixed by 1363.Em postinstall : 1364.(bullet -offset indent 1365Various files in 1366.Pa /etc 1367need upgrading. 1368These include: 1369.(bullet -compact -offset indent 1370.Pa /etc/defaults/* 1371.It 1372.Pa /etc/mtree/* 1373.It 1374.Pa /etc/pam.d/* 1375.It 1376.Pa /etc/daily 1377.It 1378.Pa /etc/weekly 1379.It 1380.Pa /etc/monthly 1381.It 1382.Pa /etc/security 1383.It 1384.Pa /etc/rc.subr 1385.It 1386.Pa /etc/rc 1387.It 1388.Pa /etc/rc.shutdown 1389.It 1390.Pa /etc/rc.d/* 1391.bullet) 1392.bullet) 1393. 1394.Pp 1395The following issues need to be resolved manually: 1396. 1397.(bullet -offset indent 1398The user 1399.Sq _pflogd 1400and the groups 1401.Sq _pflogd 1402and 1403.Sq authpf 1404need to be created. 1405.bullet) 1406. 1407.Ss2 Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 3.x releases. 1408See the section below on upgrading from NetBSD 4.x as well. 1409.Pp 1410The following issues can generally be resolved by running 1411.Em postinstall 1412with the 1413.Sy etc 1414set : 1415.(disp 1416postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz check 1417postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix 1418.disp) 1419.Pp 1420Issues fixed by 1421.Em postinstall : 1422.(bullet -offset indent 1423Various files in 1424.Pa /etc 1425need upgrading. 1426These include: 1427.(bullet -compact -offset indent 1428.Pa /etc/defaults/* 1429.It 1430.Pa /etc/mtree/* 1431.It 1432.Pa /etc/daily 1433.It 1434.Pa /etc/weekly 1435.It 1436.Pa /etc/monthly 1437.It 1438.Pa /etc/security 1439.It 1440.Pa /etc/rc.subr 1441.It 1442.Pa /etc/rc 1443.It 1444.Pa /etc/rc.shutdown 1445.It 1446.Pa /etc/rc.d/* 1447.It 1448.Pa /etc/envsys.conf 1449.bullet) 1450.bullet) 1451. 1452.Pp 1453The following issues need to be resolved manually: 1454. 1455.(bullet -offset indent 1456The users 1457.Sq _proxy , 1458.Sq _rwhod , 1459and 1460.Sq _sdpd 1461and the groups 1462.Sq _proxy , 1463.Sq _rwhod 1464and 1465.Sq _sdpd 1466need to be created and the user 1467.Sq uucp 1468needs to be updated. 1469.It 1470A number of things have been removed from the 1471.Nx 1472\*V release 1473including: the evbsh5 port, the Fortran 77 compiler (g77), NETCCITT, 1474NETNS, Sendmail, Sushi, UUCP, and Vinum. If you were using any of these, 1475then please see the "Components removed from NetBSD" section near the 1476beginning of this document. 1477.It 1478The replacement of Sendmail by Postfix can be handled automatically by 1479.Em postinstall 1480but it is not done by default. 1481If you want to transition to Postfix, the command 1482.(disp 1483postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix mailerconf 1484.disp) 1485will update your 1486.Pa /etc/mailer.conf 1487file to use Postfix as the MTA. When using 1488.Ic sysinst 1489to upgrade the system, it will ask if you want this to be done. 1490.Pp 1491Note that if you have a customized 1492Sendmail setup, you need to set up Postfix in an equivalent way; there 1493is no tool for automatic conversion of Sendmail configuration to a 1494Postfix one. 1495.Pp 1496Postfix will be started up automatically when the system boots. 1497You may see messages like "$sendmail is not set properly" at boot. 1498You can suppress them by removing 1499.Pa /etc/rc.d/sendmail 1500and 1501.Pa /etc/rc.d/smmsp . 1502Those files and other parts of sendmail configuration like files under 1503.Pa /usr/share/sendmail 1504are not removed by default 1505while upgrading for those who want to continue using sendmail from 1506outside the base system. 1507If you want to delete them, 1508.Em postinstall 1509can be used: 1510.(disp 1511postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix sendmail 1512.disp) 1513.bullet) 1514. 1515.Ss2 Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 4.x releases. 1516.Pp 1517The following issues can generally be resolved by running 1518.Em postinstall 1519with the 1520.Sy etc 1521set : 1522.(disp 1523postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz check 1524postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix 1525.disp) 1526.Pp 1527Issues fixed by 1528.Em postinstall : 1529.(bullet -offset indent 1530Various files in 1531.Pa /etc 1532need upgrading. 1533These include: 1534.(bullet -compact -offset indent 1535.Pa /etc/defaults/* 1536.It 1537.Pa /etc/mtree/* 1538.It 1539.Pa /etc/daily 1540.It 1541.Pa /etc/weekly 1542.It 1543.Pa /etc/monthly 1544.It 1545.Pa /etc/security 1546.It 1547.Pa /etc/rc.subr 1548.It 1549.Pa /etc/rc 1550.It 1551.Pa /etc/rc.shutdown 1552.It 1553.Pa /etc/rc.d/* 1554.It 1555.Pa /etc/envsys.conf 1556.bullet) 1557.bullet) 1558. 1559.Pp 1560The following issues need to be resolved manually: 1561. 1562.(bullet -offset indent 1563The users 1564.Sq _httpd 1565and 1566.Sq _timedc 1567and the groups 1568.Sq _httpd , 1569.Sq _timedc 1570need to be created. 1571.It 1572A number of things have been removed from the 1573.Nx 1574\*V release 1575including: the pc532 port. 1576If you were using any of these, 1577then please see the "Components removed from NetBSD" section near the 1578beginning of this document. 1579.bullet) 1580. 1581.Ss "Using online NetBSD documentation" 1582.Pp 1583Documentation is available if you first install the manual 1584distribution set. 1585Traditionally, the 1586.Dq man pages 1587(documentation) are denoted by 1588.Sq Li name(section) . 1589Some examples of this are 1590.Pp 1591.(bullet -compact -offset indent 1592.Xr intro 1 , 1593.It 1594.Xr man 1 , 1595.It 1596.Xr apropros 1 , 1597.It 1598.Xr passwd 1 , 1599and 1600.It 1601.Xr passwd 5 . 1602.bullet) 1603.Pp 1604The section numbers group the topics into several categories, but three 1605are of primary interest: user commands are in section 1, file formats 1606are in section 5, and administrative information is in section 8. 1607.Pp 1608.No The Em man 1609command is used to view the documentation on a topic, and is 1610started by entering 1611.Ic man Op Ar section 1612.Ar topic . 1613The brackets 1614.Op \& 1615around the 1616section should not be entered, but rather indicate that the section is 1617optional. 1618If you don't ask for a particular section, the topic with the 1619lowest numbered section name will be displayed. 1620For instance, after logging in, enter 1621.Pp 1622.Dl # Ic "man passwd" 1623.Pp 1624to read the documentation for 1625.Xr passwd 1 . 1626To view the documentation for 1627.Xr passwd 5 , 1628enter 1629.Pp 1630.Dl # Ic "man 5 passwd" 1631.Pp 1632instead. 1633.Pp 1634If you are unsure of what man page you are looking for, enter 1635.Pp 1636.Dl # Ic apropos Ar subject-word 1637.Pp 1638where 1639.Ar subject-word 1640is your topic of interest; a list of possibly 1641related man pages will be displayed. 1642. 1643.Ss Administrivia 1644.Pp 1645. 1646If you've got something to say, do so! 1647We'd like your input. 1648There are various mailing lists available via the mailing list 1649server at 1650.Mt majordomo@NetBSD.org . 1651To get help on using the mailing 1652list server, send mail to that address with an empty body, and it will 1653reply with instructions. 1654.Pp 1655There are various mailing lists set up to deal with comments and 1656questions about this release. 1657Please send comments to: 1658.Mt netbsd-comments@NetBSD.org . 1659.Pp 1660To report bugs, use the 1661.Xr send-pr 1 1662command shipped with 1663.Nx , 1664and fill in as much information about the problem as you can. 1665Good bug reports include lots of details. 1666Additionally, bug reports can be sent by mail to: 1667.Mt netbsd-bugs@NetBSD.org . 1668.Pp 1669Use of 1670.Xr send-pr 1 1671is encouraged, however, because bugs reported with it 1672are entered into the 1673.Nx 1674bugs database, and thus can't slip through 1675the cracks. 1676.Pp 1677There are also port-specific mailing lists, to discuss aspects of 1678each port of 1679.Nx . 1680Use majordomo to find their addresses, or visit 1681.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/mailinglists/ . 1682If 1683you're interested in doing a serious amount of work on a specific 1684port, you probably should contact the 1685.Sq owner 1686of that port (listed 1687below). 1688.Pp 1689If you'd like to help with this effort, and have an idea as to how 1690you could be useful, send us mail or subscribe to: 1691.Mt netbsd-users@NetBSD.org . 1692.Pp 1693As a favor, please avoid mailing huge documents or files to these 1694mailing lists. 1695Instead, put the material you would have sent up for FTP or WWW somewhere, 1696then mail the appropriate list about it, or, if you'd rather not do that, 1697mail the list saying you'll send the data to those who want it. 1698. 1699.Ss Thanks go to 1700. 1701.(bullet 1702The former members of UCB's Computer Systems Research Group, 1703including (but not limited to): 1704.Bd -unfilled -offset indent 1705Keith Bostic 1706Ralph Campbell 1707Mike Karels 1708Marshall Kirk McKusick 1709.Ed 1710.Pp 1711for their ongoing work on 1712.Bx 1713systems, support, and encouragement. 1714.It 1715The Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. for hosting the 1716.Nx 1717FTP, CVS, AnonCVS, mail, mail archive, GNATS, SUP, Rsync and WWW servers. 1718.It 1719The Internet Research Institute in Japan for hosting the server 1720which runs the CVSweb interface to the 1721.Nx 1722source tree. 1723.It 1724The Lule\[oa] Academic Computer Society for providing the backup 1725services server. 1726.It 1727The Columbia University Computer Science Department for hosting 1728the NYC build cluster. 1729.It 1730The Western Washington University Computer Science Department 1731for running the WWU build cluster that produces daily snapshots. 1732.It 1733The many organizations that provide 1734.Nx 1735mirror sites. 1736.It 1737Without CVS, this project would be impossible to manage, so our hats 1738go off to Brian Berliner, Jeff Polk, and the various other people 1739who've had a hand in making CVS a useful tool. 1740.It 1741We list the individuals and organizations 1742that have made donations or loans of hardware and/or money, to support 1743.Nx 1744development, and deserve credit for it at 1745.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/donations/. 1746(If you're not on that list and should be, tell us! 1747We probably were not able to get in touch with you, to verify that you 1748wanted to be listed.) 1749.It 1750Finally, we thank all of the people who've put sweat and tears into 1751developing 1752.Nx 1753since its inception in January, 1993. 1754(Obviously, there are a lot more people who deserve thanks here. 1755If you're one of them, and would like to be mentioned, tell us!) 1756.bullet) 1757. 1758.Ss "We are..." 1759. 1760.Pp 1761(in alphabetical order) 1762.Pp 1763. 1764. 1765.Bl -column xxx "Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino" ".Mt sommerfeld@NetBSD.org" ".Sy playstation2" 1766. 1767.br_ne 1i 1768.It Em "The NetBSD core group:" 1769.It Ta Ta 1770.It Ta Alistair Crooks Ta Mt agc@NetBSD.org 1771.It Ta Quentin Garnier Ta Mt cube@NetBSD.org 1772.It Ta YAMAMOTO Takashi Ta Mt yamt@NetBSD.org 1773.It Ta Matt Thomas Ta Mt matt@NetBSD.org 1774.It Ta Christos Zoulas Ta Mt christos@NetBSD.org 1775.It Ta Ta 1776. 1777.br_ne 2i 1778.It Em "The portmasters (and their ports):" 1779.\" 1780.\" XXX created by list-portmasters.pl 1781.\" 1782.It Ta Anders Magnusson Ta Mt ragge Ta Sy vax 1783.It Ta Andrew Doran Ta Mt ad Ta Sy amd64 1784.It Ta Andrew Doran Ta Mt ad Ta Sy i386 1785.It Ta Andrey Petrov Ta Mt petrov Ta Sy sparc64 1786.It Ta Ben Harris Ta Mt bjh21 Ta Sy acorn26 1787.It Ta Cherry G. Mathew Ta Mt cherry Ta Sy ia64 1788.It Ta Chris Gilbert Ta Mt chris Ta Sy cats 1789.It Ta Darrin Jewell Ta Mt dbj Ta Sy next68k 1790.It Ta Erik Berls Ta Mt cyber Ta Sy cobalt 1791.It Ta Gavan Fantom Ta Mt gavan Ta Sy iyonix 1792.It Ta IWAMOTO Toshihiro Ta Mt toshii Ta Sy hpcarm 1793.It Ta Ichiro FUKUHARA Ta Mt ichiro Ta Sy hpcarm 1794.It Ta Ignatios Souvatzis Ta Mt is Ta Sy amiga 1795.It Ta Izumi Tsutsui Ta Mt tsutsui Ta Sy ews4800mips 1796.It Ta Izumi Tsutsui Ta Mt tsutsui Ta Sy hp300 1797.It Ta Izumi Tsutsui Ta Mt tsutsui Ta Sy news68k 1798.It Ta Jaime A Fournier Ta Mt ober Ta Sy bebox 1799.It Ta Jaime A Fournier Ta Mt ober Ta Sy zaurus 1800.It Ta Jason Thorpe Ta Mt thorpej Ta Sy algor 1801.It Ta Jason Thorpe Ta Mt thorpej Ta Sy evbarm 1802.It Ta Jason Thorpe Ta Mt thorpej Ta Sy shark 1803.It Ta Jonathan Stone Ta Mt jonathan Ta Sy pmax 1804.It Ta Julian Coleman Ta Mt jdc Ta Sy atari 1805.It Ta Manuel Bouyer Ta Mt bouyer Ta Sy xen 1806.It Ta Marcus Comstedt Ta Mt marcus Ta Sy dreamcast 1807.It Ta Martin Husemann Ta Mt martin Ta Sy sparc64 1808.It Ta Matt Fredette Ta Mt fredette Ta Sy sun2 1809.It Ta Matt Thomas Ta Mt matt Ta Sy alpha 1810.It Ta Matt Thomas Ta Mt matt Ta Sy netwinder 1811.It Ta Matthias Drochner Ta Mt drochner Ta Sy cesfic 1812.It Ta Michael Lorenz Ta Mt macallan Ta Sy macppc 1813.It Ta NISHIMURA Takeshi Ta Mt nsmrtks Ta Sy x68k 1814.It Ta Nathan Williams Ta Mt nathanw Ta Sy sun3 1815.It Ta Nick Hudson Ta Mt skrll Ta Sy hp700 1816.It Ta Noriyuki Soda Ta Mt soda Ta Sy arc 1817.It Ta Paul Kranenburg Ta Mt pk Ta Sy sparc 1818.It Ta Reinoud Zandijk Ta Mt reinoud Ta Sy acorn32 1819.It Ta Ross Harvey Ta Mt ross Ta Sy alpha 1820.It Ta S\(/oren J\(/orvang Ta Mt soren Ta Sy sgimips 1821.It Ta Scott Reynolds Ta Mt scottr Ta Sy mac68k 1822.It Ta Shin Takemura Ta Mt takemura Ta Sy hpcmips 1823.It Ta Simon Burge Ta Mt simonb Ta Sy evbmips 1824.It Ta Simon Burge Ta Mt simonb Ta Sy pmax 1825.It Ta Simon Burge Ta Mt simonb Ta Sy sbmips 1826.It Ta Steve Woodford Ta Mt scw Ta Sy evbppc 1827.It Ta Steve Woodford Ta Mt scw Ta Sy mvme68k 1828.It Ta Steve Woodford Ta Mt scw Ta Sy mvmeppc 1829.It Ta Takayoshi Kochi Ta Mt kochi Ta Sy ia64 1830.It Ta Tim Rightnour Ta Mt garbled Ta Sy prep 1831.It Ta Tohru Nishimura Ta Mt nisimura Ta Sy luna68k 1832.It Ta Tohru Nishimura Ta Mt nisimura Ta Sy sandpoint 1833.It Ta Wayne Knowles Ta Mt wdk Ta Sy mipsco 1834.It Ta Wolfgang Solfrank Ta Mt ws Ta Sy ofppc 1835.It Ta Ta Ta 1836. 1837.br_ne 1i 1838.It Em "The NetBSD \*V Release Engineering team:" 1839.It Ta Ta 1840.It Ta Grant Beattie Ta Mt grant@NetBSD.org 1841.It Ta Manuel Bouyer Ta Mt bouyer@NetBSD.org 1842.It Ta David Brownlee Ta Mt abs@NetBSD.org 1843.It Ta James Chacon Ta Mt jmc@NetBSD.org 1844.It Ta Julian Coleman Ta Mt jdc@NetBSD.org 1845.It Ta H\(oavard Eidnes Ta Mt he@NetBSD.org 1846.It Ta Liam J. Foy Ta Mt liamjfoy@NetBSD.org 1847.It Ta John Heasley Ta Mt heas@NetBSD.org 1848.It Ta Geert Hendrickx Ta Mt ghen@NetBSD.org 1849.It Ta Soren Jacobsen Ta Mt snj@NetBSD.org 1850.It Ta Daniel de Kok Ta Mt daniel@NetBSD.org 1851.It Ta Phil Nelson Ta Mt phil@NetBSD.org 1852.It Ta Jeff Rizzo Ta Mt riz@NetBSD.org 1853.It Ta Ta 1854. 1855.br_ne 2i 1856.It Em "NetBSD Developers:" 1857.\" 1858.\" Please keep in alphabetical order 1859.\" 1860.It Ta Ta 1861.It Ta Nathan Ahlstrom Ta Mt nra@NetBSD.org 1862.It Ta Steve Allen Ta Mt wormey@NetBSD.org 1863.It Ta Jukka Andberg Ta Mt jandberg@NetBSD.org 1864.It Ta Julian Assange Ta Mt proff@NetBSD.org 1865.It Ta Lennart Augustsson Ta Mt augustss@NetBSD.org 1866.It Ta Christoph Badura Ta Mt bad@NetBSD.org 1867.It Ta Bang Jun-Young Ta Mt junyoung@NetBSD.org 1868.It Ta Dieter Baron Ta Mt dillo@NetBSD.org 1869.It Ta Robert V. Baron Ta Mt rvb@NetBSD.org 1870.It Ta Alan Barrett Ta Mt apb@NetBSD.org 1871.It Ta Grant Beattie Ta Mt grant@NetBSD.org 1872.It Ta Jason Beegan Ta Mt jtb@NetBSD.org 1873.It Ta Erik Berls Ta Mt cyber@NetBSD.org 1874.It Ta Hiroyuki Bessho Ta Mt bsh@NetBSD.org 1875.It Ta John Birrell Ta Mt jb@NetBSD.org 1876.It Ta Mason Loring Bliss Ta Mt mason@NetBSD.org 1877.It Ta Charles Blundell Ta Mt cb@NetBSD.org 1878.It Ta Rafal Boni Ta Mt rafal@NetBSD.org 1879.It Ta Stephen Borrill Ta Mt sborrill@NetBSD.org 1880.It Ta Sean Boudreau Ta Mt seanb@NetBSD.org 1881.It Ta Manuel Bouyer Ta Mt bouyer@NetBSD.org 1882.It Ta John Brezak Ta Mt brezak@NetBSD.org 1883.It Ta Allen Briggs Ta Mt briggs@NetBSD.org 1884.It Ta Mark Brinicombe Ta Mt mark@NetBSD.org 1885.It Ta Aaron Brown Ta Mt abrown@NetBSD.org 1886.It Ta Andrew Brown Ta Mt atatat@NetBSD.org 1887.It Ta David Brownlee Ta Mt abs@NetBSD.org 1888.It Ta Frederick Bruckman Ta Mt fredb@NetBSD.org 1889.It Ta Jon Buller Ta Mt jonb@NetBSD.org 1890.It Ta Simon Burge Ta Mt simonb@NetBSD.org 1891.It Ta Robert Byrnes Ta Mt byrnes@NetBSD.org 1892.It Ta Pavel Cahyna Ta Mt pavel@NetBSD.org 1893.It Ta D'Arcy J.M. Cain Ta Mt darcy@NetBSD.org 1894.It Ta Dave Carrel Ta Mt carrel@NetBSD.org 1895.It Ta Daniel Carosone Ta Mt dan@NetBSD.org 1896.It Ta James Chacon Ta Mt jmc@NetBSD.org 1897.It Ta Bill Coldwell Ta Mt billc@NetBSD.org 1898.It Ta Julian Coleman Ta Mt jdc@NetBSD.org 1899.It Ta Ben Collver Ta Mt ben@NetBSD.org 1900.It Ta Jeremy Cooper Ta Mt jeremy@NetBSD.org 1901.It Ta Chuck Cranor Ta Mt chuck@NetBSD.org 1902.It Ta Alistair Crooks Ta Mt agc@NetBSD.org 1903.It Ta Aidan Cully Ta Mt aidan@NetBSD.org 1904.It Ta Garrett D'Amore Ta Mt gdamore@NetBSD.org 1905.It Ta Johan Danielsson Ta Mt joda@NetBSD.org 1906.It Ta John Darrow Ta Mt jdarrow@NetBSD.org 1907.It Ta Jed Davis Ta Mt jld@NetBSD.org 1908.It Ta Matt DeBergalis Ta Mt deberg@NetBSD.org 1909.It Ta Arnaud Degroote Ta Mt degroote@NetBSD.org 1910.It Ta Rob Deker Ta Mt deker@NetBSD.org 1911.It Ta Chris G. Demetriou Ta Mt cgd@NetBSD.org 1912.It Ta Tracy Di Marco White Ta Mt gendalia@NetBSD.org 1913.It Ta Jarom\('ir Dolecek Ta Mt jdolecek@NetBSD.org 1914.It Ta Andy Doran Ta Mt ad@NetBSD.org 1915.It Ta Roland Dowdeswell Ta Mt elric@NetBSD.org 1916.It Ta Emmanuel Dreyfus Ta Mt manu@NetBSD.org 1917.It Ta Matthias Drochner Ta Mt drochner@NetBSD.org 1918.It Ta Jun Ebihara Ta Mt jun@NetBSD.org 1919.It Ta H\(oavard Eidnes Ta Mt he@NetBSD.org 1920.It Ta Stoned Elipot Ta Mt seb@NetBSD.org 1921.It Ta Michael van Elst Ta Mt mlelstv@NetBSD.org 1922.It Ta Enami Tsugutomo Ta Mt enami@NetBSD.org 1923.It Ta Bernd Ernesti Ta Mt veego@NetBSD.org 1924.It Ta Erik Fair Ta Mt fair@NetBSD.org 1925.It Ta Gavan Fantom Ta Mt gavan@NetBSD.org 1926.It Ta Hauke Fath Ta Mt hauke@NetBSD.org 1927.It Ta Hubert Feyrer Ta Mt hubertf@NetBSD.org 1928.It Ta Jason R. Fink Ta Mt jrf@NetBSD.org 1929.It Ta Matt J. Fleming Ta Mt mjf@NetBSD.org 1930.It Ta Marty Fouts Ta Mt marty@NetBSD.org 1931.It Ta Liam J. Foy Ta Mt liamjfoy@NetBSD.org 1932.It Ta Matt Fredette Ta Mt fredette@NetBSD.org 1933.It Ta Thorsten Frueauf Ta Mt frueauf@NetBSD.org 1934.It Ta Castor Fu Ta Mt castor@NetBSD.org 1935.It Ta Ichiro Fukuhara Ta Mt ichiro@NetBSD.org 1936.It Ta Quentin Garnier Ta Mt cube@NetBSD.org 1937.It Ta Thomas Gerner Ta Mt thomas@NetBSD.org 1938.It Ta Simon J. Gerraty Ta Mt sjg@NetBSD.org 1939.It Ta Justin Gibbs Ta Mt gibbs@NetBSD.org 1940.It Ta Chris Gilbert Ta Mt chris@NetBSD.org 1941.It Ta Eric Gillespie Ta Mt epg@NetBSD.org 1942.It Ta Michael Graff Ta Mt explorer@NetBSD.org 1943.It Ta Brian C. Grayson Ta Mt bgrayson@NetBSD.org 1944.It Ta Matthew Green Ta Mt mrg@NetBSD.org 1945.It Ta Andreas Gustafsson Ta Mt gson@NetBSD.org 1946.It Ta Ulrich Habel Ta Mt rhaen@NetBSD.org 1947.It Ta Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino Ta Mt itojun@NetBSD.org 1948.It Ta HAMAJIMA Katsuomi Ta Mt hamajima@NetBSD.org 1949.It Ta Adam Hamsik Ta Mt haad@NetBSD.org 1950.It Ta Juergen Hannken-Illjes Ta Mt hannken@NetBSD.org 1951.It Ta Charles M. Hannum Ta Mt mycroft@NetBSD.org 1952.It Ta Ben Harris Ta Mt bjh21@NetBSD.org 1953.It Ta Ross Harvey Ta Mt ross@NetBSD.org 1954.It Ta Eric Haszlakiewicz Ta Mt erh@NetBSD.org 1955.It Ta John Hawkinson Ta Mt jhawk@NetBSD.org 1956.It Ta HAYAKAWA Koichi Ta Mt haya@NetBSD.org 1957.It Ta John Heasley Ta Mt heas@NetBSD.org 1958.It Ta Geert Hendrickx Ta Mt ghen@NetBSD.org 1959.It Ta Ren\('e Hexel Ta Mt rh@NetBSD.org 1960.It Ta Iain Hibbert Ta Mt plunky@NetBSD.org 1961.It Ta Kouichirou Hiratsuka Ta Mt hira@NetBSD.org 1962.It Ta Michael L. Hitch Ta Mt mhitch@NetBSD.org 1963.It Ta Jachym Holecek Ta Mt freza@NetBSD.org 1964.It Ta Christian E. Hopps Ta Mt chopps@NetBSD.org 1965.It Ta Ken Hornstein Ta Mt kenh@NetBSD.org 1966.It Ta Marc Horowitz Ta Mt marc@NetBSD.org 1967.It Ta Eduardo Horvath Ta Mt eeh@NetBSD.org 1968.It Ta Nick Hudson Ta Mt skrll@NetBSD.org 1969.It Ta Shell Hung Ta Mt shell@NetBSD.org 1970.It Ta Martin Husemann Ta Mt martin@NetBSD.org 1971.It Ta Dean Huxley Ta Mt dean@NetBSD.org 1972.It Ta Love H\(:ornquist \(oAstrand Ta Mt lha@NetBSD.org 1973.It Ta Roland Illig Ta Mt rillig@NetBSD.org 1974.It Ta Bernardo Innocenti Ta Mt bernie@NetBSD.org 1975.It Ta Tetsuya Isaki Ta Mt isaki@NetBSD.org 1976.It Ta ITOH Yasufumi Ta Mt itohy@NetBSD.org 1977.It Ta IWAMOTO Toshihiro Ta Mt toshii@NetBSD.org 1978.It Ta Matthew Jacob Ta Mt mjacob@NetBSD.org 1979.It Ta Soren Jacobsen Ta Mt snj@NetBSD.org 1980.It Ta Lonhyn T. Jasinskyj Ta Mt lonhyn@NetBSD.org 1981.It Ta Darrin Jewell Ta Mt dbj@NetBSD.org 1982.It Ta Nicolas Joly Ta Mt njoly@NetBSD.org 1983.It Ta Chris Jones Ta Mt cjones@NetBSD.org 1984.It Ta S\(/oren J\(/orvang Ta Mt soren@NetBSD.org 1985.It Ta Takahiro Kambe Ta Mt taca@NetBSD.org 1986.It Ta Antti Kantee Ta Mt pooka@NetBSD.org 1987.It Ta Masanori Kanaoka Ta Mt kanaoka@NetBSD.org 1988.It Ta Frank Kardel Ta Mt kardel@NetBSD.org 1989.It Ta Mattias Karlsson Ta Mt keihan@NetBSD.org 1990.It Ta KAWAMOTO Yosihisa Ta Mt kawamoto@NetBSD.org 1991.It Ta Mario Kemper Ta Mt magick@NetBSD.org 1992.It Ta Min Sik Kim Ta Mt minskim@NetBSD.org 1993.It Ta Thomas Klausner Ta Mt wiz@NetBSD.org 1994.It Ta Klaus Klein Ta Mt kleink@NetBSD.org 1995.It Ta John Klos Ta Mt jklos@NetBSD.org 1996.It Ta Wayne Knowles Ta Mt wdk@NetBSD.org 1997.It Ta Takayoshi Kochi Ta Mt kochi@NetBSD.org 1998.It Ta John Kohl Ta Mt jtk@NetBSD.org 1999.It Ta Daniel de Kok Ta Mt daniel@NetBSD.org 2000.It Ta Paul Kranenburg Ta Mt pk@NetBSD.org 2001.It Ta Lubomir Kundrak Ta Mt lkundrak@NetBSD.org 2002.It Ta Martti Kuparinen Ta Mt martti@NetBSD.org 2003.It Ta Kentaro A. Kurahone Ta Mt kurahone@NetBSD.org 2004.It Ta Arnaud Lacombe Ta Mt alc@NetBSD.org 2005.It Ta Kevin Lahey Ta Mt kml@NetBSD.org 2006.It Ta David Laight Ta Mt dsl@NetBSD.org 2007.It Ta Johnny C. Lam Ta Mt jlam@NetBSD.org 2008.It Ta Martin J. Laubach Ta Mt mjl@NetBSD.org 2009.It Ta Greg Lehey Ta Mt grog@NetBSD.org 2010.It Ta Ted Lemon Ta Mt mellon@NetBSD.org 2011.It Ta Christian Limpach Ta Mt cl@NetBSD.org 2012.It Ta Frank van der Linden Ta Mt fvdl@NetBSD.org 2013.It Ta Joel Lindholm Ta Mt joel@NetBSD.org 2014.It Ta Tonnerre Lombard Ta Mt tonnerre@NetBSD.org 2015.It Ta Mike Long Ta Mt mikel@NetBSD.org 2016.It Ta Michael Lorenz Ta Mt macallan@NetBSD.org 2017.It Ta Warner Losh Ta Mt imp@NetBSD.org 2018.It Ta Tomasz Luchowski Ta Mt zuntum@NetBSD.org 2019.It Ta Federico Lupi Ta Mt federico@NetBSD.org 2020.It Ta Brett Lymn Ta Mt blymn@NetBSD.org 2021.It Ta Paul Mackerras Ta Mt paulus@NetBSD.org 2022.It Ta Anders Magnusson Ta Mt ragge@NetBSD.org 2023.It Ta MAEKAWA Masahide Ta Mt gehenna@NetBSD.org 2024.It Ta David Maxwell Ta Mt david@NetBSD.org 2025.It Ta Gregory McGarry Ta Mt gmcgarry@NetBSD.org 2026.It Ta Dan McMahill Ta Mt dmcmahill@NetBSD.org 2027.It Ta Jared D. McNeill Ta Mt jmcneill@NetBSD.org 2028.It Ta Neil J. McRae Ta Mt neil@NetBSD.org 2029.It Ta Perry Metzger Ta Mt perry@NetBSD.org 2030.It Ta Minoura Makoto Ta Mt minoura@NetBSD.org 2031.It Ta Luke Mewburn Ta Mt lukem@NetBSD.org 2032.It Ta Simas Mockevicius Ta Mt symka@NetBSD.org 2033.It Ta der Mouse Ta Mt mouse@NetBSD.org 2034.It Ta Joseph Myers Ta Mt jsm@NetBSD.org 2035.It Ta Ken Nakata Ta Mt kenn@NetBSD.org 2036.It Ta Takeshi Nakayama Ta Mt nakayama@NetBSD.org 2037.It Ta Phil Nelson Ta Mt phil@NetBSD.org 2038.It Ta John Nemeth Ta Mt jnemeth@NetBSD.org 2039.It Ta Bob Nestor Ta Mt rnestor@NetBSD.org 2040.It Ta NISHIMURA Takeshi Ta Mt nsmrtks@NetBSD.org 2041.It Ta Tohru Nishimura Ta Mt nisimura@NetBSD.org 2042.It Ta NONAKA Kimihiro Ta Mt nonaka@NetBSD.org 2043.It Ta Takehiko NOZAKI Ta Mt tnozaki@NetBSD.org 2044.It Ta Tobias Nygren Ta Mt tnn@NetBSD.org 2045.It Ta OBATA Akio Ta Mt obache@NetBSD.org 2046.It Ta Jesse Off Ta Mt joff@NetBSD.org 2047.It Ta Tatoku Ogaito Ta Mt tacha@NetBSD.org 2048.It Ta OKANO Takayoshi Ta Mt kano@NetBSD.org 2049.It Ta Masaru Oki Ta Mt oki@NetBSD.org 2050.It Ta Atsushi Onoe Ta Mt onoe@NetBSD.org 2051.It Ta Greg Oster Ta Mt oster@NetBSD.org 2052.It Ta Juan Romero Pardines Ta Mt xtraeme@NetBSD.org 2053.It Ta Rui Paulo Ta Mt rpaulo@NetBSD.org 2054.It Ta Jonathan Perkin Ta Mt sketch@NetBSD.org 2055.It Ta Herb Peyerl Ta Mt hpeyerl@NetBSD.org 2056.It Ta Matthias Pfaller Ta Mt matthias@NetBSD.org 2057.It Ta Chris Pinnock Ta Mt cjep@NetBSD.org 2058.It Ta Adrian Portelli Ta Mt adrianp@NetBSD.org 2059.It Ta Peter Postma Ta Mt peter@NetBSD.org 2060.It Ta Dante Profeta Ta Mt dante@NetBSD.org 2061.It Ta Chris Provenzano Ta Mt proven@NetBSD.org 2062.It Ta Niels Provos Ta Mt provos@NetBSD.org 2063.It Ta Mindaugas Rasiukevicius Ta Mt rmind@NetBSD.org 2064.It Ta Michael Rauch Ta Mt mrauch@NetBSD.org 2065.It Ta Marc Recht Ta Mt recht@NetBSD.org 2066.It Ta Darren Reed Ta Mt darrenr@NetBSD.org 2067.It Ta Jeremy C. Reed Ta Mt reed@NetBSD.org 2068.It Ta Antoine Reilles Ta Mt tonio@NetBSD.org 2069.It Ta Tyler R. Retzlaff Ta Mt rtr@NetBSD.org 2070.It Ta Scott Reynolds Ta Mt scottr@NetBSD.org 2071.It Ta Michael Richardson Ta Mt mcr@NetBSD.org 2072.It Ta Tim Rightnour Ta Mt garbled@NetBSD.org 2073.It Ta Alan Ritter Ta Mt rittera@NetBSD.org 2074.It Ta Jeff Rizzo Ta Mt riz@NetBSD.org 2075.It Ta Gordon Ross Ta Mt gwr@NetBSD.org 2076.It Ta Steve Rumble Ta Mt rumble@NetBSD.org 2077.It Ta Ilpo Ruotsalainen Ta Mt lonewolf@NetBSD.org 2078.It Ta Heiko W. Rupp Ta Mt hwr@NetBSD.org 2079.It Ta David Sainty Ta Mt dsainty@NetBSD.org 2080.It Ta SAITOH Masanobu Ta Mt msaitoh@NetBSD.org 2081.It Ta Kazuki Sakamoto Ta Mt sakamoto@NetBSD.org 2082.It Ta Curt Sampson Ta Mt cjs@NetBSD.org 2083.It Ta Wilfredo Sanchez Ta Mt wsanchez@NetBSD.org 2084.It Ta Ty Sarna Ta Mt tsarna@NetBSD.org 2085.It Ta SATO Kazumi Ta Mt sato@NetBSD.org 2086.It Ta Jan Schaumann Ta Mt jschauma@NetBSD.org 2087.It Ta Matthias Scheler Ta Mt tron@NetBSD.org 2088.It Ta Karl Schilke (rAT) Ta Mt rat@NetBSD.org 2089.It Ta Amitai Schlair Ta Mt schmonz@NetBSD.org 2090.It Ta Konrad Schroder Ta Mt perseant@NetBSD.org 2091.It Ta Georg Schwarz Ta Mt schwarz@NetBSD.org 2092.It Ta Lubomir Sedlacik Ta Mt salo@NetBSD.org 2093.It Ta Christopher SEKIYA Ta Mt sekiya@NetBSD.org 2094.It Ta Reed Shadgett Ta Mt dent@NetBSD.org 2095.It Ta John Shannon Ta Mt shannonjr@NetBSD.org 2096.It Ta Tim Shepard Ta Mt shep@NetBSD.org 2097.It Ta Takeshi Shibagaki Ta Mt shiba@NetBSD.org 2098.It Ta Naoto Shimazaki Ta Mt igy@NetBSD.org 2099.It Ta Takao Shinohara Ta Mt shin@NetBSD.org 2100.It Ta Takuya SHIOZAKI Ta Mt tshiozak@NetBSD.org 2101.It Ta Daniel Sieger Ta Mt dsieger@NetBSD.org 2102.It Ta Chuck Silvers Ta Mt chs@NetBSD.org 2103.It Ta Thor Lancelot Simon Ta Mt tls@NetBSD.org 2104.It Ta Jeff Smith Ta Mt jeffs@NetBSD.org 2105.It Ta Noriyuki Soda Ta Mt soda@NetBSD.org 2106.It Ta Wolfgang Solfrank Ta Mt ws@NetBSD.org 2107.It Ta T K Spindler Ta Mt dogcow@NetBSD.org 2108.It Ta SOMEYA Yoshihiko Ta Mt someya@NetBSD.org 2109.It Ta Bill Sommerfeld Ta Mt sommerfeld@NetBSD.org 2110.It Ta J\(:org Sonnenberger Ta Mt joerg@NetBSD.org 2111.It Ta Ignatios Souvatzis Ta Mt is@NetBSD.org 2112.It Ta Bill Squier Ta Mt groo@NetBSD.org 2113.It Ta Jonathan Stone Ta Mt jonathan@NetBSD.org 2114.It Ta Bill Studenmund Ta Mt wrstuden@NetBSD.org 2115.It Ta Kevin Sullivan Ta Mt sullivan@NetBSD.org 2116.It Ta SUNAGAWA Keiki Ta Mt kei@NetBSD.org 2117.It Ta Kimmo Suominen Ta Mt kim@NetBSD.org 2118.It Ta Shin Takemura Ta Mt takemura@NetBSD.org 2119.It Ta TAMURA Kent Ta Mt kent@NetBSD.org 2120.It Ta Shin'ichiro TAYA Ta Mt taya@NetBSD.org 2121.It Ta Ian Lance Taylor Ta Mt ian@NetBSD.org 2122.It Ta Matt Thomas Ta Mt matt@NetBSD.org 2123.It Ta Jason Thorpe Ta Mt thorpej@NetBSD.org 2124.It Ta Christoph Toshok Ta Mt toshok@NetBSD.org 2125.It Ta Greg Troxel Ta Mt gdt@NetBSD.org 2126.It Ta Tsubai Masanari Ta Mt tsubai@NetBSD.org 2127.It Ta Izumi Tsutsui Ta Mt tsutsui@NetBSD.org 2128.It Ta UCHIYAMA Yasushi Ta Mt uch@NetBSD.org 2129.It Ta Masao Uebayashi Ta Mt uebayasi@NetBSD.org 2130.It Ta Shuichiro URATA Ta Mt ur@NetBSD.org 2131.It Ta Valeriy E. Ushakov Ta Mt uwe@NetBSD.org 2132.It Ta Julio M. Merino Vidal Ta Mt jmmv@NetBSD.org 2133.It Ta Todd Vierling Ta Mt tv@NetBSD.org 2134.It Ta Aymeric Vincent Ta Mt aymeric@NetBSD.org 2135.It Ta Paul Vixie Ta Mt vixie@NetBSD.org 2136.It Ta Mike M. Volokhov Ta Mt mishka@NetBSD.org 2137.It Ta Krister Walfridsson Ta Mt kristerw@NetBSD.org 2138.It Ta Lex Wennmacher Ta Mt wennmach@NetBSD.org 2139.It Ta Leo Weppelman Ta Mt leo@NetBSD.org 2140.It Ta Assar Westerlund Ta Mt assar@NetBSD.org 2141.It Ta Todd Whitesel Ta Mt toddpw@NetBSD.org 2142.It Ta Frank Wille Ta Mt phx@NetBSD.org 2143.It Ta Nathan Williams Ta Mt nathanw@NetBSD.org 2144.It Ta Rob Windsor Ta Mt windsor@NetBSD.org 2145.It Ta Dan Winship Ta Mt danw@NetBSD.org 2146.It Ta Jim Wise Ta Mt jwise@NetBSD.org 2147.It Ta Michael Wolfson Ta Mt mbw@NetBSD.org 2148.It Ta Colin Wood Ta Mt ender@NetBSD.org 2149.It Ta Steve Woodford Ta Mt scw@NetBSD.org 2150.It Ta YAMAMOTO Takashi Ta Mt yamt@NetBSD.org 2151.It Ta Yuji Yamano Ta Mt yyamano@NetBSD.org 2152.It Ta Reinoud Zandijk Ta Mt reinoud@NetBSD.org 2153.It Ta S.P.Zeidler Ta Mt spz@NetBSD.org 2154.It Ta Maria Zevenhoven Ta Mt maria7@NetBSD.org 2155.It Ta Christos Zoulas Ta Mt christos@NetBSD.org 2156.It Ta Ta 2157. 2158.br_ne 2i 2159.It Em "Other contributors:" 2160.It Ta Ta 2161.It Ta Dave Burgess Ta Mt burgess@cynjut.infonet.net 2162.It Ta Brian R. Gaeke Ta Mt brg@dgate.org 2163.It Ta Brad Grantham Ta Mt grantham@tenon.com 2164.It Ta Lawrence Kesteloot Ta Mt kesteloo@cs.unc.edu 2165.It Ta Waldi Ravens Ta Mt waldi@moacs.indiv.nl.net 2166. 2167.El 2168. 2169.Ss "Legal Mumbo-Jumbo" 2170.Pp 2171. 2172All product names mentioned herein are trademarks or registered 2173trademarks of their respective owners. 2174.Pp 2175The following notices are required to satisfy the license terms of 2176the software that we have mentioned in this document: 2177.Pp 2178.nr save_size \n[.s] 2179.nr save_vs \n[.v] 2180.ps 8 2181.vs 9 2182.Ht <font size=-1> 2183.(item -compact 2184.nh 2185.so ../common/legal.common ----------------------------------------------- 2186.so legal ----------------------------------------------- 2187.hy 2188.item) 2189.Ht </font> 2190.ps 2191.vs 2192.Ss "The End" 2193