1.\" $NetBSD: main,v 1.368 2007/11/11 05:17:59 reed Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1999-2005 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc. 4.\" All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 15.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 16.\" This product includes software developed by the NetBSD 17.\" Foundation, Inc. and its contributors. 18.\" 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its 19.\" contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived 20.\" from this software without specific prior written permission. 21.\" 22.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS 23.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED 24.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 25.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS 26.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR 27.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF 28.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS 29.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN 30.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) 31.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 32.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 33.\" 34.ig 35 36 The notes that describe the improvements over the last release 37 aren't appropriate for a snapshot, so these are conditional on 38 FOR_RELEASE. 0 == snapshot; 1 == release 39.. 40. 41.tm Processing INSTALL 42. 43.\" -------------------- CONFIGURATION -------------------- 44. 45.nr FOR_RELEASE 1 46.nr DOC_XR 1 47.ds MACHINE_LIST acorn26 acorn32 algor alpha amd64 amiga amigappc arc atari 48.as MACHINE_LIST " bebox cats cesfic cobalt dreamcast evbarm evbmips evbppc 49.as MACHINE_LIST " evbsh3 ews4800mips hp300 hp700 hpcarm hpcmips hpcsh 50.as MACHINE_LIST " hppa i386 ibmnws iyonix luna68k mac68k macppc mipsco mmeye 51.as MACHINE_LIST " mvme68k mvmeppc netwinder news68k newsmips next68k ofppc 52.as MACHINE_LIST " pc532 pdp10 playstation2 pmax prep sandpoint sbmips 53.as MACHINE_LIST " sgimips shark sparc sparc64 sun2 sun3 vax x68k xen zaurus . 54.so \*[.CURDIR]/../common/macros 55. 56.Dd October 29, 2007 57.Dt INSTALL 8 58.Os NetBSD 59.Sh NAME 60.Nm INSTALL 61.Nd Installation procedure for 62.Nx*M . 63.Sh CONTENTS 64.Tc 65.Sh DESCRIPTION 66. 67.Ss About this Document 68.Pp 69. 70This document describes the installation procedure for 71.Nx 72\*V on the 73.Em \*M 74platform. 75It is available in four different formats titled 76.Pa INSTALL. Ns Ar ext , 77where 78.Ar \&.ext 79is one of 80.Pa \&.ps , \&.html , \&.more , 81.No or Pa \&.txt : 82.(tag \&.morex -offset indent 83.It Pa \&.ps 84PostScript. 85.It Pa \&.html 86.No Standard Internet Tn HTML . 87.It Pa \&.more 88The enhanced text format used on 89.Ul 90systems by the 91.Xr more 1 92and 93.Xr less 1 94pager utility programs. 95This is the format in which the on-line 96.Em man 97pages are generally presented. 98.It Pa \&.txt 99Plain old 100.Tn ASCII . 101.tag) 102.Pp 103You are reading the 104.Em \*[format] 105version. 106. 107.if \n[i386]:\n[macppc]:\n[sparc]:\n[sparc64]:\n[amd64] \{\ 108.Ss "Quick install notes for the impatient" 109.Pp 110This section contains some brief notes describing what you need to 111install 112.Nx 113\*V on a machine of the \*M architecture. 114.Bl -bullet 115.It 116Fetch the 117.if \n[i386]:\n[amd64] \{\ 118appropriate pair of boot floppy images from the 119.Pa \*M/installation/floppy/ 120directory, or a CD-ROM image (the images from 121.Pa \*M/installation/cdrom/ 122are bootable, but do no contain binary sets - these are intended for network 123installs, or when different bootblocks are needed). 124Most people will need the 125.Pa boot1.fs 126and 127.Pa boot2.fs 128or 129.Pa boot.iso 130images for VGA console installation, or the 131.Pa boot-com1.fs 132and 133.Pa boot-com2.fs 134or 135.Pa boot-com.iso 136images for installation via serial console. 137.if \n[i386] \{\ 138You may also possibly (but not necessarily) want to use 139.Pa bootlap1.fs 140and 141.Pa bootlap2.fs 142if installing on a laptop. 143The INSTALL_LAPTOP kernel can be loaded from one of the cdrom images via 144the bootloader: 145.Ic boot Ar nblaptop . 146.\} 147.Pp 148The default kernel on ISO images have ACPI enabled. This is known to cause 149issues on a few older machines which have buggy ACPI tables. To boot with 150ACPI disabled, interrupt the 151.Nx 152boot loader, and enter: 153.Ic boot Fl c . 154At the userconf prompt, enter: 155.Ic disable acpi 156followed by: 157.Ic quit . 158.if \n[i386] \{\ 159The kernel from the two floppy set is also present on the ISO images and can be 160loaded using: 161.Ic boot Ar nbnoacpi . 162.\} 163.\} 164.if \n[macppc] \{\ 165files necessary to boot your system. 166The files depend on what model you 167are using and how you plan to boot your machine. 168For systems with built-in floppy drives (Open Firmware 1 or 2), 169fetch the pair of boot floppy images 170.Pa macppc/installation/floppy/boot1.fs 171and 172.Pa macppc/installation/floppy/boot2.fs , 173which include the bootloader and installation kernel. 174For systems without floppy drives (most are Open Firmware 3), fetch the 175bootloader 176.Pa macppc/installation/ofwboot.xcf 177and the installation kernel 178.Pa macppc/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC_MD.gz . 179If you have a CD-R, you can fetch the CD image, 180.Pa macppccd-\*V.iso . 181.\} 182.if \n[sparc] \{\ 183CD image, 184.Pa sparccd-\*V.iso 185or the floppy disk images, 186.Pa sparc/install/floppy/disk1.gz No and Pa sparc/install/floppy/disk2 . 187You need either the pair of floppies or the CD to boot your system. 188.\} 189.if \n[sparc64] \{\ 190CD image, 191.Pa sparc64cd-\*V.iso 192or the installation kernel and bootloader, 193.Pa sparc64/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz No and Pa sparc64/installation/misc/ofwboot 194which can be booted from a 195.Tn Solaris 196or 197.Nx 198partition. 199.\} 200.if \n[macppc]:\n[sparc]:\n[sparc64] \{\ 201Alternatively, you may netboot the installation kernel. This process is 202covered below, in detail. 203.\} 204.It 205The actual binary distribution is in the 206.Pa \*M/binary/sets/ 207directory. 208When you boot the install 209.if \n[i386] floppies, 210.if \n[macppc] kernel from floppies, hard drive, or CD-ROM, 211.if \n[sparc] floppies or CD-ROM, 212.if \n[sparc64] CD-ROM or installation kernel, 213the installation program 214can fetch these files for you (using e.g. ftp), 215if you have a network connection. 216There are several other methods to get the binary sets onto 217your machine. 218.Pp 219You will at a minimum need 220.ie \n[i386]:\n[amd64] \{\ 221one of the kernel sets, typically 222.Pa kern-GENERIC.tgz , 223as well as 224.\} 225.el \{\ 226the following sets: 227.Pa kern-GENERIC.tgz , 228.\} 229.Pa base.tgz 230and 231.Pa etc.tgz . 232In a typical workstation installation you will probably want 233all the installation sets. 234.if \n[i386] \{\ 235.It 236Write the floppy images directly to a pair of floppies. 237If you have problems writing a raw image to a floppy, 238the 239.Ic rawrite.exe 240MS-DOS program 241or the 242.Ic Rawrite32.exe 243Windows32 program (inside 244.Pa rawrite32.zip ) 245in the 246.Pa i386/installation/misc/ 247directory may be of help. 248.\} 249.if \n[macppc] \{\ 250.It 251If your \*M has a floppy drive, create the pair of boot floppies using 252.Ic suntar 253(MacOS 9), 254.Ic rawrite 255(Windows), or 256.Ic dd 257(any 258.Ul 259system with floppy support). If your system has Open Firmware 3, drag 260.Pa ofwboot.xcf No and Pa netbsd-GENERIC_MD.gz 261to your hard drive icon (the top level of the drive, not the desktop). 262If you are using the CD image, burn it now. 263.\} 264.if \n[sparc] \{\ 265.It 266Make sure your sparc's CD-ROM drive is bootable. 267Burn the CD. 268Otherwise, write the floppy images directly to a pair of floppies 269(after uncompressing disk1.gz). 270.\} 271.if \n[sparc64] \{\ 272.It 273Burn the CD or put the installation kernel and bootloader 274at the root level of a bootable 275.Tn Solaris 276or 277.Nx 278partition. 279.\} 280.Pp 281The disk(s) you just prepared will be used to boot the installation 282kernel, which contains all the tools required to install 283.Nx . 284.if \n[macppc] \{\ 285.It 286Determine your machine's model, quirks, and Open Firmware version from the 287.Nx*M 288Model Support webpage. 289.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/Ports/macppc/models.html 290.Pp 291At present, 292.Nx*M 293cannot exist on the same hard drive as 294.Tn Mac OS 295unless you partition your disk before running the installer. 296Open Firmware versions prior to 3 require a dedicated 297.Nx 298drive \(em you must use the entire disk, 299partitioned with the installation tools. 300Open Firmware version 3 cannot boot into 301.Nx 302on a drive partitioned with the installation tools, you must partition 303your disk before running the installer, then select the 304.Dq Me "Re-install sets or install additional sets" 305option in the installer (selecting the 306.Dq Me "Install NetBSD to hard disk" 307or 308.Dq Me "Upgrade NetBSD on a hard disk" 309options will render your drive unbootable). 310If you are unsure, you may want to read the section below on 311.Sx Partitioning your hard drive for NetBSD 312.It 313For systems with Open Firmware versions prior to 3, you may need to use 314Apple's System Disk utility to enter Open Firmware and use your screen and 315keyboard. 316To enter Open Firmware, hold down the 317.Key COMMAND-OPTION-O-F 318keys after the boot chime starts, but before the chime ends. 319Entering Open Firmware versions prior to 3 is usually the most frustrating 320part of installation \(em you may want to read the section below on 321.Sx Older Open Firmware System Preparation 322.Pp 323You should have the Open Firmware 324.Dq Pa "0 \*>" 325prompt on your screen before attempting to boot 326.Nx*M . 327.\} 328.if \n[macppc] \{\ 329.It 330At the Open Firmware prompt, type the command to boot. 331To boot from the installation floppies, the command is 332.Dq Ic "boot fd:0" . 333For the install kernel and bootloader on your hard drive (Open Firmware 3343), the command is 335.Dq Ic "boot hd:,\eofwboot.xcf netbsd-GENERIC_MD.gz" . 336.Pp 337For boot CDs, the command is something like 338.Dq Ic "boot cd:,\eofwboot.xcf netbsd.macppc" 339(for Open Firmware 3) or 340.Dq Ic "boot scsi-int/sd@3:0 NETBSD.MACPPC" 341(for earlier Open Firmware versions). 342You will need to use the correct case for 343.Ic OFWBOOT.XCF No and Ic NETBSD.MACPPC 344depending on how your version of Open Firmware interprets the ISO 345file system. 346You may need to replace 347.Ic cd 348with 349.Ic "scsi/sd@3 , scsi-int/sd@3 , ata/atapi-disk ," 350or some other device alias. 351You should also use the Open Firmware 352.Ic dir 353command to confirm that the 354.Nx*M 355kernel is called 356.Pa NETBSD.MACPPC . 357You may want to read the section below on 358.Sx Open Firmware boot syntax 359.\} 360.if \n[sparc]:\n[sparc64] \{\ 361.It 362You will need to get to the 363.if \n[sparc] OpenBoot PROM 364.if \n[sparc64] OpenFirmware 365.Dq Ic "ok" 366prompt. 367After your system first powers on, and displays some initial information, 368press the 369.Key STOP-A 370keys, or send a BREAK if you're on a serial console. 371At the 372.Dq Ic "ok" 373prompt, type the command to boot your system into 374.Nx . 375.\} 376.if \n[sparc] \{\ 377The command to boot from CD is one of the following commands (depending on 378your model): 379.Dq Ic b sd(,30,) , 380.Dq Ic boot sd(,30,) , 381or 382.Dq Ic boot cdrom . 383.Pp 384The command to boot from floppy is either 385.Dq Ic boot fd(,,1) 386or 387.Dq Ic boot floppy . 388The installer will prompt you to insert the second floppy when it is ready 389for it. 390.\} 391.if \n[sparc64] \{\ 392The command to boot from CD is: 393.Dq Ic boot cdrom . 394The command to boot the 395.Nx 396kernel from a 397.Tn Solaris 398or 399.Nx 400partition depends on which disk and partition it is on. 401To boot from the first partition of the first (primary) disk: 402.Dq Ic "boot disk:a /ofwboot -a" . 403When it asks you for a kernel, specify 404.Dq Ic "netbsd-INSTALL.gz" 405.\} 406.It 407For third-party programs which are not part of the base 408.Nx 409distribution, you will want to explore the 410.Ic pkgsrc 411system with its more than 5400 program packages. 412.El 413.\} 414.Ss "What is NetBSD?" 415.Pp 416. 417The 418.Nx 419Operating System is a fully functional 420.Tn Open Source 421.Ul 422operating system derived from the University of California, Berkeley 423Networking Release 2 (Net/2), 4.4BSD-Lite, and 4.4BSD-Lite2 sources. 424.Nx 425runs on fifty four different system architectures (ports), 426featuring seventeen machine architectures 427across fifteen distinct CPU families, 428and is being ported to more. 429The 430.Nx 431\*V release contains complete binary releases for many different 432system architectures. 433(A few ports are not fully supported at this time 434and are thus not part of the binary distribution. 435For information on them, please see the 436.Nx 437web site at 438.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/ . ) 439.Pp 440.Nx 441is a completely integrated system. 442In addition to its highly portable, high performance kernel, 443.nh 444.Nx 445features a complete set of user utilities, compilers for several 446languages, the X Window System, firewall software 447and numerous other tools, all accompanied by full source code. 448.Pp 449.\" XXX Should we include some text here about NetBSD's license 450.\" policies and how commercial-friendly it is? 451.Nx 452is a creation of the members of the Internet community. 453Without the unique cooperation and coordination the net makes 454possible, it's likely that 455.Nx 456wouldn't exist. 457. 458.if \n[FOR_RELEASE] \{\ 459.Ss Changes Between The NetBSD 3.0 and 4.0 Releases 460.Pp 461The 462.Nx 4.0 463release 464provides numerous significant functional enhancements, including 465support for many new devices, integration of hundreds of bug fixes, 466new and updated kernel subsystems, and many user-land enhancements. 467The result of these improvements is a stable operating system fit for 468production use that rivals most commercially available systems. 469.Pp 470It is impossible to completely summarize more than a year of development that 471went into the 472.Nx 473\*V release. 474.\" {BEGIN from htdocs/releases/formal-4/NetBSD-4.0.xml#major-changes 475.Pp 476The complete list of changes can be found in the 477CHANGES: 478.Lk ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-4.0/CHANGES 479and 480CHANGES-4.0: 481.Lk ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-4.0/CHANGES-4.0 482files in the top level directory of the NetBSD 4.0 release tree. Some highlights include: 483.Ss2 Networking 484.(bullet 485.Xr agr 4 : 486new pseudo-device driver for link level aggregation. 487.It 488IPv6 support was extended with an RFC 3542-compliant API and added for 489.Xr gre 4 490tunnels and the 491.Xr tun 4 492device. 493.It 494A NDIS-wrapper was added to use Windows binary drivers on the i386 platform, see 495.Xr ndiscvt 8 . 496.It 497The IPv4 source-address selection policy can be set from a number of algorithms. See "IPSRCSEL" in 498.Xr options 4 499and 500.Xr in_getifa 9 . 501.It 502Imported 503.Xr wpa_supplicant 8 504and 505.Xr wpa_cli 8 . 506Utilities to connect and handle aspects of 802.11 WPA networks. 507.It 508Imported 509.Xr hostapd 8 . 510An authenticator for IEEE 802.11 networks. 511.It 512.Xr carp 4 : 513imported Common Address Redundancy Protocol to allow multiple hosts to share a set of IP addresses for high availability / redundancy, from OpenBSD. 514.It 515ALTQ support for the PF packet filter. 516.It 517.Xr etherip 4 : 518new EtherIP tunneling device to tunnel Ethernet traffic over IPv4 and IPv6 using the EtherIP protocol specified in RFC 3378. 519.It 520.Xr ftpd 8 521can now run in standalone mode, instead of from 522.Xr inetd 8 . 523.It 524.Xr tftp 1 525now has support for multicast TFTP operation in open-loop mode, server is in progress. 526.It 527.Xr tcp 4 : 528added support for RFC 3465 Appropriate Byte Counting (ABC) and Explicit Congestion Notification as defined in RFC 3168. 529.bullet) 530. 531.Ss2 File systems 532.(bullet 533.Xr scan_ffs 8 , 534.Xr scan_lfs 8 : 535utilities to find FFSv1/v2 and LFS partitions to recover lost disklabels on disks and image files. 536.It 537tmpfs: added a new memory-based file system aimed at replacing mfs. Contrary to mfs, it is not based on a disk file system, so it is more efficient both in overall memory consumption and speed. See 538.Xr mount_tmpfs 8 . 539.It 540Added UDF support for optical media and block devices, see 541.Xr mount_udf 8 . 542Read-only for now. 543.It 544NFS export list handling was changed to be filesystem independent. 545.It 546LFS: lots of stability improvements and new cleaner daemon. It is now also possible to use LFS as root filesystem. 547.It 548.Xr vnd 4 : 549the vnode disk driver can be used on filesystems such as smbfs and tmpfs. 550.It 551Support for System V Boot File System was added, see 552.Xr newfs_sysvbfs 8 553and 554.Xr mount_sysvbfs 8 . 555.bullet) 556. 557.Ss2 Drivers 558.(bullet 559Audio: 560.(bullet 561Support for new models on drivers such as Intel ICH8/6300ESB, NVIDIA nForce 3/4, etc. 562.It 563Added support for AC'97 modems. 564.It 565.Xr auich 4 : 566added support to handle the AC'97 modem as audio device, enabled with the kernel option 567.Dq AUICH_ATTACH_MODEM 568 569. 570.It 571.Xr azalia 4 : 572added support for S/PDIF. 573.bullet) 574. 575.It 576Hardware Monitors: 577.(bullet 578.Xr amdpm 4 : 579added support for the i2c bus on the AMD-8111 used on many Opteron motherboards and for the Analog Devices ADT7464 hardware monitor chip. 580.It 581.Xr adt7467c 4 : 582new driver for Analog Devices ADT7467 and ADM1030 hardware monitor chips. 583.It 584.Xr ipmi 4 : 585new driver for motherboards implementing the Intelligent Platform Management Interface 1.5 or 2.0, from OpenBSD. 586.It 587.Xr it 4 : 588new driver for iTE 8705F/8712F and SiS 950 hardware monitors. 589.It 590The 591.Xr lm 4 592driver was rewritten and support for more chips was added, for example for Winbond W83627HF, W83627THF, W83627DHG and Asus AS99127F. 593.It 594.Xr owtemp 4 : 595new driver for the 1-Wire temperature sensors. 596.It 597.Xr tmp121temp 4 : 598new driver for the Texas Instruments TMP121 temperature sensor. 599.It 600.Xr ug 4 : 601new driver for ASUS Abit uGuru hardware monitor found on newer ASUS motherboards. 602.bullet) 603. 604.It 605Miscellaneous: 606.(bullet 607.Xr geodewdog 4 : 608new AMD Geode SC1100 Watchdog Timer driver. 609.It 610.Xr gscpcib 4 : 611new AMD Geode SC1100 PCI-ISA bridge that provides support for the GPIO interface. 612.bullet) 613. 614.It 615Networking: 616.(bullet 617.Xr ath 4 : 618updated HALs with support for WiSOC (AR531x) and 32bit SPARC. 619.It 620.Xr bge 4 : 621added support for the following chips: BCM5753, BCM5753M, BCM5715, BCM5754, BCM5755 and BCM5787. Numerous improvements and bugfixes were made too. 622.It 623.Xr kse 4 : 624new driver for Micrel KSZ8842/8841 PCI network cards. 625.It 626.Xr msk 4 : 627new driver for Marvell Yukon 2 GigE PCI network cards, from OpenBSD. 628.It 629.Xr nfe 4 : 630new driver for NVIDIA nForce Ethernet network cards, from OpenBSD. 631.It 632.Xr ral 4 : 633new 802.11 driver for PCI/Cardbus Ralink RT2500, RT2501, RT2600, RT2661 and RT2500 USB chipsets, from OpenBSD. 634.It 635.Xr rum 4 : 636new 802.11 driver for USB Ralink RT2501 and RT2601 chipsets, from OpenBSD. 637.It 638.Xr sip 4 : 639now works on sparc64. 640.It 641.Xr tlp 4 : 642added support for ASIX AX88140A and AX88141. 643.It 644.Xr vr 4 : 645added support for the VIA Rhine III. 646.It 647.Xr wm 4 : 648added support for i8003, ICH8, ICH9 and others. Support for IPv6 Rx TCP/UDP Checksum Offloading and more. 649.It 650.Xr wpi 4 : 651new driver for Intel PRO/Wireless 3945ABG PCI 802.11 network cards, from OpenBSD. 652.bullet) 653. 654.It 655Security: 656.(bullet 657.Xr glxsb 4 : 658new driver for the AMD Geode LX AES Security Block that provides random numbers and AES acceleration, from OpenBSD. 659.bullet) 660. 661.It 662Power Management: 663.(bullet 664Support for Intel Speedstep SMI on PIIX4 PCI-ISA for i386. 665.It 666Support for AMD PowerNow and Cool'n'Quiet Technology on K7 and K8 CPUs (both in 32 and 64 bit mode), including Athlon Mobile, Athlon64, Opteron or X2. See 667.Xr options 4 668for more information. 669.It 670Support for more Enhanced Speedstep CPUs, including VIA C7/Eden and Intel Core Solo/Duo/Duo2. See 671.Xr options 4 672for more information. 673.It 674The Enhanced Speedstep and PowerNow drivers were modified to be able to be scaled in all CPUs available, saving power on SMP systems. 675.bullet) 676. 677.It 678Storage: 679.(bullet 680.Xr ahcisata 4 : 681new driver for AHCI 1.0 and 1.1 compliant SATA controllers. 682.It 683.Xr ataraid 4 : 684added support to handle Adaptec HostRAID and VIA V-Tech software RAID. 685.It 686.Xr ciss 4 : 687new driver for HP/Compaq 5th+ generation Smart ARRAY controllers, from OpenBSD. 688.It 689.Xr fdc 4 : 690added support for SBus based sparc64 machines and fixed formatting on sparc. 691.It 692.Xr gcscide 4 : 693new driver for the AMD Geode CS5535 Companion Device IDE controller. 694.It 695.Xr jmide 4 : 696new driver for JMicron Technology JMB36x PCIe to SATA II/PATA controllers. 697.It 698.Xr mfi 4 : 699new driver for LSI Logic and Dell MegaRAID SAS controllers, from OpenBSD. 700.It 701.Xr mpt 4 : 702added support for newer SAS and similar devices. 703.It 704.Xr njata 4 : 705new driver for Workbit NinjaATA-32 CardBus IDE controller. 706.It 707.Xr pdcsata 4 : 708added support for the Promise PDC20775, PDC20771, PDC40518, PDC40718 and some bugfixes. 709.It 710.Xr piixide 4 : 711added support for some ICH8/ICH8-M/ICH9 IDE and SATA controllers. 712.It 713.Xr svwsata 4 : 714new driver for Serverworks K2 SATA controllers, from OpenBSD. 715.It 716.Xr viaide 4 717added support for the VIA VT8237A SATA controller and AMD CS5536 Companion Device IDE Controller. 718.bullet) 719. 720.It 721USB: 722.(bullet 723.Xr ucycom 4 : 724new driver for Cypress microcontroller based serial devices. 725.It 726.Xr uipaq 4 : 727new driver for the iPAQ devices. 728.It 729.Xr uslsa 4 : 730new driver for Silicon Labs CP210x series serial adapters. 731.It 732.Xr utoppy 4 : 733new driver for the Topfield TF5000PVR range of digital video recorders. 734.bullet) 735. 736.bullet) 737. 738.Ss2 Platforms 739.(bullet 740i386: 741.(bullet 742Added support for the for Multiboot specification. This means much improved support for loading the kernel by GRUB, including passing in parameters to the kernel. 743.It 744Added the unichromefb framebuffer driver that supports the VIA Unichrome Graphics adapter. 745.It 746.Xr vesafb 4 : 747added new framebuffer driver that supports VESA BIOS (VBE) 2.0 extensions and up. 748.It 749Added cd9660 file system support to the BIOS bootloader. 750.bullet) 751. 752.It 753evbarm: new platform support for Arcom Viper PXA255-based single board, Atmark Techno Armadillo-9 and Armadillo-210, Certance CP-3100, Linksys NSLU2 (a.k.a. "Slug") and I-O DATA HDL-G Giga LANDISK NAS devices. 754.It 755evbmips: added support for Alchemy Au1550 processors, DBAu1550 boards, Alchemy Au15XX PCI host, (OMS-AL400/128) and Atheros AR5312 SoC. 756.It 757New port 758ews4800mips: NEC's MIPS based EWS4800 workstations. 759.It 760cobalt: added support from booting off raidframe RAID1 mirrors. 761.It 762hpcmips: added the 763.Xr teliosio 4 764driver for the Sharp Telios LCD screen and Battery unit. 765.It 766New port 767landisk: port to the SH4 processor based NAS appliances, supporting models by I-O DATA (USL-5P, HDL-U, HDL-AV, HDL-W and HDLM-U series, SuperTank LAN Tank, UHDL-160U and UHDL-300U) and Plextor PX-EH16L, PX-EH25L and PX-EH40L. 768.It 769macppc: this port has gained support to use accelerated wsdisplay drivers by default (if possible), and uses the appropriate driver rather than the Generic Open Firmware Framebuffer. 770.It 771prep: this port has been modernized, and support for five additional machines has been added, among them the IBM 7024-E20 and 7025-F30 models and Motorola Powerstack E1. Additionally, sysinst support was added, and the bootloader process was improved, allowing easy installation and upgrade to future releases. 772.It 773sparc: added support from booting off RAID1 mirrors. 774.It 775Xen: support for Xen3 domU and dom0 (Unprivileged domain and domain 0), including support for hardware virtualization on CPUs that support it. 776.bullet) 777. 778.Ss2 Kernel subsystems 779.(bullet 780Improved Firewire (IEEE1394) support imported from FreeBSD. 781.It 782The 783.Xr midi 4 784framework got a complete overhaul for better support of Active Sensing and improved handling of tempo and timebase changes. 785.It 786Added a Bluetooth protocol stack including: 787.(bullet 788hardware drivers: 789.Xr ubt 4 790for USB controllers, and 791.Xr bt3c 4 792for the 3Com Bluetooth PC-Card. 793.It 794socket based access to the HCI, L2CAP, RFCOMM and SCO protocols. 795.It 796pseudo drivers for integrating services on remote Bluetooth devices such as Keyboards, Mice and SCO Audio into the NetBSD device framework. 797.bullet) 798. 799.Pp 800See 801.Xr bluetooth 4 , 802.Xr bthset 1 803and 804.Xr btpin 1 . 805.It 806Imported the 807.Xr bio 4 808framework from OpenBSD, to query/control block hardware RAID device controllers. Currently supporting the 809.Xr mfi 4 810driver. 811.It 812Kernel uses stateful read-ahead algorithm. 813.It 814.Xr dkctl 8 815can be used to switch buffer queuing strategies on the fly on 816.Xr wd 4 817disks, see also 818.Xr bufq 9 . 819.It 820.Xr fileassoc 9 821is used by Veriexec, it adds in-kernel and file-system independent file meta-data association interface. 822.It 823.Xr firmload 9 : 824an API for loading firmware images used by various hardware devices. 825.It 826.Xr gpio 4 : 827imported General Purpose I/O framework from OpenBSD. 828.It 829.Xr onewire 4 : 830imported Dallas Semiconductor 1-wire bus framework from OpenBSD. 831.It 832The 833.Xr proplib 3 834protocol was added for sending property lists to/from the kernel using ioctls. 835.It 836.Xr spi 4 : 837new SPI (Serial Peripherial Interface) framework. 838.It 839.Xr timecounter 9 840adds a new time-keeping infrastructure along with NTP API 4 nanokernel implementation. Almost all platforms were changed to support this API. 841.It 842Start of 32bit-Linux-emulation for amd64 (COMPAT_LINUX32). 843.It 844.Xr wscons 4 845console driver supports splash screens, scrolling, progress bar for kernel and boot messages. 846.bullet) 847. 848.Pp 849Kernel interfaces have continued to be refined, and more subsystems and device drivers are shared among the different ports. You can look for this trend to continue. 850.Ss2 Security 851.(bullet 852The FAST_IPSEC IPsec implementation was extended to use hardware acceleration for IPv6, in addition to the hardware accelerated IPv4 that was available before. See 853.Xr fast_ipsec 4 854for more information. 855.It 856.Xr mprotect 2 857got restrictions to enforce W^X policies, from PaX. See 858.Xr options 4 , 859.Xr sysctl 3 , 860and 861.Xr paxctl 1 . 862.It 863GCC 4's support for stack smashing protection (SSP) was enabled by adding libssp, see 864.Xr security 8 . 865.It 866The kernel authorization framework 867.Xr kauth 9 868was added, replacing the traditional BSD credential management and privileged operation access control with an abstract layer, allowing the implementation of various security models either as part of the NetBSD distribution or as third-party LKMs. 869.Pp 870NetBSD's kernel authorization is a hybrid clean-room implementation of a similar interface developed by Apple, extending its capabilities and combining concepts of credential inheritance control. 871.bullet) 872. 873.Ss2 Userland 874.(bullet 8753rd party software updates: 876.(bullet 877BIND 9.4.1-P1 878.It 879OpenSSL 0.9.8d 880.It 881CVS 1.11.21 882.It 883OpenSSH 4.4 884.It 885gettext 0.14.4 886.It 887PF from OpenBSD 3.7 888.It 889(n)awk 20050424 890.It 891Postfix 2.4.5 892.It 893am-utils 6.1.3 894.It 895file 4.21 896.It 897zlib 1.2.3 898.It 899GNU binutils 2.16.1 900.It 901GNU groff 1.19.2 902.It 903IPFilter 4.1.23 904.It 905GNU gcc 4.1.1 906.It 907NTP 4.2.4p2 908.It 909pppd 2.4.4 910.bullet) 911. 912.It 913.Xr cdplay 1 : 914added digital transfer mode support. 915.It 916.Xr cksum 1 917can now verify checksums. 918.It 919.Xr csplit 1 : 920new utility that splits a file into pieces. From FreeBSD/OpenBSD. 921.It 922.Xr identd 1 : 923added support for forwarding ident queries and receiving of proxied ident queries. 924.It 925.Xr getent 1 : 926added support for the ethers database. 927.It 928.Xr gkermit 1 : 929new program for transferring files using the Kermit protocol. 930.It 931.Xr mail 1 : 932added support for Mime and multi-character set handling, command line editing and completion. 933.It 934.Xr utoppya 1 : 935new utility to interface to the 936.Xr utoppy 4 937driver. 938.It 939.Xr init 8 : 940added support for running multi-user in a chroot() environment. Allows / file system on e.g., 941.Xr cgd 4 , 942.Xr vnd 4 943or 944.Xr ccd 4 945volumes. 946.It 947.Xr gpt 8 : 948new GUID partition table maintenance utility, from FreeBSD. 949.It 950iSCSI target (server) code added, see 951.Xr iscsi-target 8 ; 952Initiator (client) code is underway. 953.It 954.Xr lockstat 8 : 955new command to display a summary of kernel locking events recorded over the lifetime of a called program. 956.It 957.Xr ofctl 8 : 958new command to display the OpenPROM or OpenFirmware device tree for the macppc, shark and sparc64. 959.It 960Various utilities to support Bluetooth were added: 961.(bullet 962.Xr btconfig 8 963for controller configuration. 964.It 965.Xr btdevctl 8 966to manage pseudo devices relating to remote services. 967.It 968.Xr bthcid 8 969and 970.Xr btpin 1 971for authenticating radio connections. 972.It 973.Xr sdpd 8 974for providing service discovery to remote devices. 975.It 976.Xr sdpquery 1 977for querying services on remote devices. 978.It 979.Xr rfcomm_sppd 1 980to access remote services over RFCOMM via stdio or pty. 981.It 982.Xr bthset 1 983for making connections to Bluetooth headsets. 984.bullet) 985. 986.bullet) 987. 988.Pp 989Besides this list, there there have also been innumerable bug fixes and other miscellaneous enhancements of course. 990.Ss2 Components removed from NetBSD 991.Pp 992In this release of NetBSD, some software components known from previous releases were removed from the system. In some cases those were components that are not useful anymore or their utility does not justify maintenance overhead. Other components were not working properly and there was lack of interest in fixing them. 993.(bullet 994Sushi was removed from the base system due to lack of interest and maintenance. If you really want it, it is available in the CVS repository at othersrc/usr.sbin/sushi. However, be warned that it is unmaintained and is most likely out of date. 995.It 996Vinum was removed due to lack of interest and maintenance. At the time of removal, it had several known serious issues (including not being compilable). RAIDframe provides similar functionality. If you were using Vinum you will need to back up your data, delete the Vinum partitions, create RAIDframe partitions, and restore your data to them. Details about RAIDframe can be found in 997.Xr raid 4 , 998.Xr raidctl 8 , 999and the 1000NetBSD 1001 Guide: 1002.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/docs/guide/en/chap-rf.html . 1003.It 1004Sendmail was removed. Postfix is the MTA and provides the 1005.Xr sendmail 1 1006command line tool. Postfix has been included with NetBSD since NetBSD 1.5 was released in December 2005. Details about Postfix can be found in the 1007NetBSD Guide: 1008.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/docs/guide/en/chap-mail.html . 1009For those who need Sendmail, it is available from pkgsrc in the 1010.Pa mail/sendmail 1011and 1012.Pa mail/sendmail813 1013packages. 1014.It 1015NETCCITT and NETNS were removed due to lack of interest and maintenance. They had known serious issues (including being out of date with respect to other network code) and there were no known users at the time of their removal. Unfortunately, there is no replacement or option for them. 1016.It 1017UUCP was removed. The NetBSD improvements were merged into the pkgsrc version. For those who use UUCP tools, they are available from pkgsrc in the 1018.Pa net/uucp 1019package. The 1020.Xr cu 1 1021command is available as a frontend to 1022.Xr tip 1 . 1023.It 1024The Fortran 77 compiler ( 1025g77 1026) has been removed with the transition from GCC 3 to GCC 4, which does not include it. For those who need it, it is available from pkgsrc in the 1027.Pa lang/gcc3-f77 1028package. 1029.It 1030The evbsh5 port has been removed from NetBSD due to lack of interest, compounded by a lack of available SH5 hardware. 1031.bullet) 1032. 1033.\" END from htdocs/releases/formal-4/NetBSD-4.0.xml#major-changes } 1034.pso ../printwhatis 1035.\} \" \n[FOR_RELEASE] 1036. 1037.Ss "The Future of NetBSD" 1038.Pp 1039. 1040The 1041.Nx 1042Foundation has been incorporated as a non-profit 1043organization. 1044Its purpose is to encourage, foster and promote the free exchange 1045of computer software, namely the 1046.Nx 1047Operating 1048System. 1049The foundation will allow for many things to be handled more 1050smoothly than could be done with our previous informal organization. 1051In particular, it provides the framework to deal with other parties 1052that wish to become involved in the 1053.Nx 1054Project. 1055.Pp 1056The 1057.Nx 1058Foundation will help improve the quality of 1059.Nx 1060by: 1061.(bullet 1062providing better organization to keep track of development 1063efforts, including co-ordination with groups working in 1064related fields. 1065.It 1066providing a framework to receive donations of goods and 1067services and to own the resources necessary to run the 1068.Nx 1069Project. 1070.It 1071providing a better position from which to undertake 1072promotional activities. 1073.It 1074periodically organizing workshops for developers and other 1075interested people to discuss ongoing work. 1076.bullet) 1077.Pp 1078We intend to begin narrowing the time delay between releases. 1079Our ambition is to provide a full release every six to eight months. 1080.Pp 1081We hope to support even 1082.Em more 1083hardware in the future, and we have a 1084rather large number of other ideas about what can be done to improve 1085.Nx . 1086.Pp 1087We intend to continue our current practice of making the 1088NetBSD-current development source available on a daily basis. 1089.Pp 1090We intend to integrate free, positive changes from whatever sources 1091submit them, providing that they are well thought-out and increase the 1092usability of the system. 1093.Pp 1094Above all, we hope to create a stable and accessible system, and to be 1095responsive to the needs and desires of 1096.Nx 1097users, because it is for 1098and because of them that 1099.Nx 1100exists. 1101.br_ne 10P 1102. 1103.Ss "Sources of NetBSD" 1104.Pp 1105. 1106Refer to 1107.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/mirrors/ . 1108.br_ne 10P 1109. 1110.Ss "NetBSD \*V Release Contents 1111.Pp 1112. 1113The root directory of the 1114.Nx 1115\*V release is organized as follows: 1116.ie \n[FOR_RELEASE] \{\ 1117.Pp 1118.Pa .../NetBSD-\*V/ 1119.(tag README.files 1120.It Li CHANGES 1121Changes since earlier 1122.Nx 1123releases. 1124.It Li LAST_MINUTE 1125Last minute changes. 1126.It Li MIRRORS 1127A list of sites that mirror the 1128.Nx 1129\*V distribution. 1130.It Li README.files 1131README describing the distribution's contents. 1132.It Li TODO 1133.Nx Ns 's 1134todo list (also somewhat incomplete and out of date). 1135.It Pa patches/ 1136Post-release source code patches. 1137.It Pa source/ 1138Source distribution sets; see below. 1139.tag) 1140.Pp 1141In addition to the files and directories listed above, there is one 1142directory per architecture, for each of the architectures for which 1143.Nx 1144\*V has a binary distribution. 1145.Pp 1146The source distribution sets can be found in subdirectories of the 1147.Pa source 1148subdirectory of the distribution tree. 1149They contain the complete sources to the system. 1150The source distribution sets are as follows: 1151.(tag sharesrc 1152.It Sy gnusrc 1153This set contains the 1154.Dq gnu 1155sources, including the source for the compiler, assembler, groff, 1156and the other GNU utilities in the binary distribution sets. 1157.showsize 79 367 1158.It Sy pkgsrc 1159This set contains the 1160.Dq pkgsrc 1161sources, which contain the infrastructure to build third-party packages. 1162.showsize 24 200 1163.It Sy sharesrc 1164This set contains the 1165.Dq share 1166sources, which include the sources for the man pages not associated 1167with any particular program; the sources for the typesettable document 1168set; the dictionaries; and more. 1169.showsize 5 20 1170.It Sy src 1171This set contains all of the base 1172.Nx 1173\*V sources which are not in 1174.Sy gnusrc , 1175.Sy sharesrc , 1176or 1177.Sy syssrc . 1178.showsize 37 176 1179.It Sy syssrc 1180This set contains the sources to the 1181.Nx 1182\*V kernel for all architectures; 1183.Xr config 1 ; 1184and 1185.Xr dbsym 8 . 1186.showsize 26 140 1187.It Sy xsrc 1188This set contains the sources to the X Window System. 1189.showsize 84 450 1190.tag) 1191.Pp 1192All the above source sets are located in the 1193.Pa source/sets 1194subdirectory of the distribution tree. 1195.Pp 1196The source sets are distributed as compressed tar files. 1197Except for the 1198.Sy pkgsrc 1199set, which is traditionally unpacked into 1200.Pa /usr/pkgsrc , 1201all sets may be unpacked into 1202.Pa /usr/src 1203with the command: 1204.Dl # Ic "cd / ; tar -zxpf set_name.tgz" 1205.Pp 1206In each of the source distribution set directories, there are 1207files which contain the checksums of the files in the directory: 1208.(tag SYSVSUM -offset indent 1209.It Li BSDSUM 1210Historic 1211.Bx 1212checksums for the various files 1213in that directory, in the format produced by the command: 1214.br 1215.Ic cksum -o 1 Ar file . 1216.It Li CKSUM 1217.Tn POSIX 1218checksums for the various files in that 1219directory, in the format produced by the command: 1220.br 1221.Ic cksum Ar file . 1222.It Li MD5 1223.Tn MD5 1224digests for the various files in that 1225directory, in the format produced by the command: 1226.br 1227.Ic cksum Fl m Ar file . 1228.It Li SYSVSUM 1229Historic AT\*&T System V 1230.Ux 1231checksums for the various files in that directory, in the format produced by 1232the command: 1233.br 1234.Ic cksum -o 2 Ar file . 1235.tag) 1236.Pp 1237The MD5 digest is the safest checksum, followed by the POSIX 1238checksum. 1239The other two checksums are provided only to ensure 1240that the widest possible range of system can check the integrity 1241of the release files. 1242.\} 1243.el \{\ 1244.Pp 1245.Pa \&.../NetBSD-current/tar_files/ 1246.(item -compact -offset indent 1247.Pa pkgsrc.tar.gz 1248.It 1249.Pa src/*.tar.gz 1250.It 1251.Pa xsrc/*.tar.gz 1252.item) 1253.Pp 1254Other directories provide unpacked source trees e.g. for distribution via 1255the the software update protocol (SUP) or the 1256concurrent version system (CVS). For more information see: 1257.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/mirrors/ 1258.\} 1259. 1260. 1261.so ../common/contents ----------------------------------------------- 1262. 1263. 1264.(Note 1265Each directory in the \*M binary distribution also has its 1266own checksum files, just as the source distribution does. 1267.Note) 1268.br_ne 7P 1269. 1270.Ss "NetBSD/\*M System Requirements and Supported Devices" 1271. 1272.so hardware ----------------------------------------------- 1273.br_ne 7P 1274. 1275.if \n[xen] \{.Ss "Installation options" 1276.br_ne 7P 1277. 1278.so instopt ----------------------------------------------- 1279.\} 1280. 1281.Ss "Getting the NetBSD System on to Useful Media" 1282. 1283.so xfer ----------------------------------------------- 1284.br_ne 7P 1285. 1286.Ss "Preparing your System for NetBSD installation" 1287. 1288.so prep ----------------------------------------------- 1289.br_ne 7P 1290. 1291.ie \n[mac68k] .Ss "Installing the NetBSD System (Sysinst Method)" 1292.el .Ss "Installing the NetBSD System" 1293. 1294.so install ----------------------------------------------- 1295.br_ne 7P 1296. 1297.Ss "Post installation steps" 1298. 1299.so ../common/postinstall ----------------------------------------------- 1300.br_ne 7P 1301. 1302.Ss "Upgrading a previously-installed NetBSD System" 1303. 1304.so upgrade ----------------------------------------------- 1305.br_ne 7P 1306. 1307.Ss "Compatibility Issues With Previous NetBSD Releases" 1308.Pp 1309. 1310Users upgrading from previous versions of 1311.Nx 1312may wish to bear the 1313following problems and compatibility issues in mind when upgrading to 1314.Nx 1315\*V . 1316.Pp 1317N.B. when using 1318.Ic sysinst 1319for upgrading, it will automatically invoke 1320.(disp 1321postinstall fix 1322.disp) 1323and thus all issues that are fixed by 1324.Ic postinstall 1325by default (see below) will be handled. 1326. 1327.Ss2 Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 2.1 and older releases. 1328See the section below on upgrading from NetBSD 3.x as well. 1329.Pp 1330It is 1331.Sy very important 1332that you populate the directory 1333.Pa /etc/pam.d 1334with appropriate configuration files for the Pluggable Authentication Modules 1335(PAM) because you will not be able to login any more otherwise. Using 1336.Em postinstall 1337as described below will take care of this. Please refer to 1338.Lk http://www.netbsd.org/guide/en/chap-pam.html 1339for documentation about PAM. 1340 1341The following issues can generally be resolved by running 1342.Em postinstall 1343with the 1344.Sy etc 1345set : 1346.(disp 1347postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz check 1348postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix 1349.disp) 1350.Pp 1351Issues fixed by 1352.Em postinstall : 1353.(bullet -offset indent 1354Various files in 1355.Pa /etc 1356need upgrading. 1357These include: 1358.(bullet -compact -offset indent 1359.Pa /etc/defaults/* 1360.It 1361.Pa /etc/mtree/* 1362.It 1363.Pa /etc/pam.d/* 1364.It 1365.Pa /etc/daily 1366.It 1367.Pa /etc/weekly 1368.It 1369.Pa /etc/monthly 1370.It 1371.Pa /etc/security 1372.It 1373.Pa /etc/rc.subr 1374.It 1375.Pa /etc/rc 1376.It 1377.Pa /etc/rc.shutdown 1378.It 1379.Pa /etc/rc.d/* 1380.bullet) 1381.bullet) 1382. 1383.Pp 1384The following issues need to be resolved manually: 1385. 1386.(bullet -offset indent 1387The user 1388.Sq _pflogd 1389and the groups 1390.Sq _pflogd 1391and 1392.Sq authpf 1393need to be created. 1394.bullet) 1395. 1396.Ss2 Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 3.x releases. 1397 1398The following issues can generally be resolved by running 1399.Em postinstall 1400with the 1401.Sy etc 1402set : 1403.(disp 1404postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz check 1405postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix 1406.disp) 1407.Pp 1408Issues fixed by 1409.Em postinstall : 1410.(bullet -offset indent 1411Various files in 1412.Pa /etc 1413need upgrading. 1414These include: 1415.(bullet -compact -offset indent 1416.Pa /etc/defaults/* 1417.It 1418.Pa /etc/mtree/* 1419.It 1420.Pa /etc/daily 1421.It 1422.Pa /etc/weekly 1423.It 1424.Pa /etc/monthly 1425.It 1426.Pa /etc/security 1427.It 1428.Pa /etc/rc.subr 1429.It 1430.Pa /etc/rc 1431.It 1432.Pa /etc/rc.shutdown 1433.It 1434.Pa /etc/rc.d/* 1435.It 1436.Pa /etc/envsys.conf 1437.bullet) 1438.bullet) 1439. 1440.Pp 1441The following issues need to be resolved manually: 1442. 1443.(bullet -offset indent 1444The users 1445.Sq _proxy , 1446.Sq _rwhod , 1447and 1448.Sq _sdpd 1449and the groups 1450.Sq _proxy , 1451.Sq _rwhod 1452and 1453.Sq _sdpd 1454need to be created and the user 1455.Sq uucp 1456needs to be updated. 1457.It 1458A number of things have been removed from the 1459.Nx 1460\*V release 1461including: the evbsh5 port, the Fortran 77 compiler (g77), NETCCITT, 1462NETNS, Sendmail, Sushi, UUCP, and Vinum. If you were using any of these, 1463then please see the "Components removed from NetBSD" section near the 1464beginning of this document. 1465.It 1466The replacement of Sendmail by Postfix can be handled automatically by 1467.Em postinstall 1468but it is not done by default. 1469If you want to transition to Postfix, the command 1470.(disp 1471postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix mailerconf 1472.disp) 1473will update your 1474.Pa /etc/mailer.conf 1475file to use Postfix as the MTA. When using 1476.Ic sysinst 1477to upgrade the system, it will ask if you want this to be done. 1478.Pp 1479Note that if you have a customized 1480Sendmail setup, you need to set up Postfix in an equivalent way; there 1481is no tool for automatic conversion of Sendmail configuration to a 1482Postfix one. 1483.Pp 1484Postfix will be started up automatically when the system boots. 1485You may see messages like "$sendmail is not set properly" at boot. 1486You can suppress them by removing 1487.Pa /etc/rc.d/sendmail 1488and 1489.Pa /etc/rc.d/smmsp . 1490Those files and other parts of sendmail configuration like files under 1491.Pa /usr/share/sendmail 1492are not removed by default 1493while upgrading for those who want to continue using sendmail from 1494outside the base system. 1495If you want to delete them, 1496.Em postinstall 1497can be used: 1498.(disp 1499postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix sendmail 1500.disp) 1501.bullet) 1502. 1503. 1504.Ss "Using online NetBSD documentation" 1505.Pp 1506Documentation is available if you first install the manual 1507distribution set. 1508Traditionally, the 1509.Dq man pages 1510(documentation) are denoted by 1511.Sq Li name(section) . 1512Some examples of this are 1513.Pp 1514.(bullet -compact -offset indent 1515.Xr intro 1 , 1516.It 1517.Xr man 1 , 1518.It 1519.Xr apropros 1 , 1520.It 1521.Xr passwd 1 , 1522and 1523.It 1524.Xr passwd 5 . 1525.bullet) 1526.Pp 1527The section numbers group the topics into several categories, but three 1528are of primary interest: user commands are in section 1, file formats 1529are in section 5, and administrative information is in section 8. 1530.Pp 1531.No The Em man 1532command is used to view the documentation on a topic, and is 1533started by entering 1534.Ic man Op Ar section 1535.Ar topic . 1536The brackets 1537.Op \& 1538around the 1539section should not be entered, but rather indicate that the section is 1540optional. 1541If you don't ask for a particular section, the topic with the 1542lowest numbered section name will be displayed. 1543For instance, after logging in, enter 1544.Pp 1545.Dl # Ic "man passwd" 1546.Pp 1547to read the documentation for 1548.Xr passwd 1 . 1549To view the documentation for 1550.Xr passwd 5 , 1551enter 1552.Pp 1553.Dl # Ic "man 5 passwd" 1554.Pp 1555instead. 1556.Pp 1557If you are unsure of what man page you are looking for, enter 1558.Pp 1559.Dl # Ic apropos Ar subject-word 1560.Pp 1561where 1562.Ar subject-word 1563is your topic of interest; a list of possibly 1564related man pages will be displayed. 1565. 1566.Ss Administrivia 1567.Pp 1568. 1569If you've got something to say, do so! 1570We'd like your input. 1571There are various mailing lists available via the mailing list 1572server at 1573.Mt majordomo@NetBSD.org . 1574To get help on using the mailing 1575list server, send mail to that address with an empty body, and it will 1576reply with instructions. 1577.Pp 1578There are various mailing lists set up to deal with comments and 1579questions about this release. 1580Please send comments to: 1581.Mt netbsd-comments@NetBSD.org . 1582.Pp 1583To report bugs, use the 1584.Xr send-pr 1 1585command shipped with 1586.Nx , 1587and fill in as much information about the problem as you can. 1588Good bug reports include lots of details. 1589Additionally, bug reports can be sent by mail to: 1590.Mt netbsd-bugs@NetBSD.org . 1591.Pp 1592Use of 1593.Xr send-pr 1 1594is encouraged, however, because bugs reported with it 1595are entered into the 1596.Nx 1597bugs database, and thus can't slip through 1598the cracks. 1599.Pp 1600There are also port-specific mailing lists, to discuss aspects of 1601each port of 1602.Nx . 1603Use majordomo to find their addresses, or visit 1604.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/MailingLists/ . 1605If 1606you're interested in doing a serious amount of work on a specific 1607port, you probably should contact the 1608.Sq owner 1609of that port (listed 1610below). 1611.Pp 1612If you'd like to help with this effort, and have an idea as to how 1613you could be useful, send us mail or subscribe to: 1614.Mt netbsd-help@NetBSD.org . 1615.Pp 1616As a favor, please avoid mailing huge documents or files to these 1617mailing lists. 1618Instead, put the material you would have sent up for FTP or WWW somewhere, 1619then mail the appropriate list about it, or, if you'd rather not do that, 1620mail the list saying you'll send the data to those who want it. 1621. 1622.Ss Thanks go to 1623. 1624.(bullet 1625The former members of UCB's Computer Systems Research Group, 1626including (but not limited to): 1627.Bd -unfilled -offset indent 1628Keith Bostic 1629Ralph Campbell 1630Mike Karels 1631Marshall Kirk McKusick 1632.Ed 1633.Pp 1634for their ongoing work on 1635.Bx 1636systems, support, and encouragement. 1637.It 1638The Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. for hosting the 1639.Nx 1640FTP, CVS, AnonCVS, mail, mail archive, GNATS, SUP, Rsync and WWW servers. 1641.It 1642The Internet Research Institute in Japan for hosting the server 1643which runs the CVSweb interface to the 1644.Nx 1645source tree. 1646.It 1647The Helsinki University of Technology in Finland for hosting the 1648.Nx 1649backup CVS and backup server. 1650.It 1651SSH Communications Security in Finland for operating 1652the backup server. 1653.It 1654The many organizations that provide 1655.Nx 1656mirror sites. 1657.It 1658Without CVS, this project would be impossible to manage, so our hats 1659go off to Brian Berliner, Jeff Polk, and the various other people 1660who've had a hand in making CVS a useful tool. 1661.It 1662We list the individuals and organizations 1663that have made donations or loans of hardware and/or money, to support 1664.Nx 1665development, and deserve credit for it at 1666.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/donations . 1667(If you're not on that list and should be, tell us! 1668We probably were not able to get in touch with you, to verify that you 1669wanted to be listed.) 1670.It 1671Finally, we thank all of the people who've put sweat and tears into 1672developing 1673.Nx 1674since its inception in January, 1993. 1675(Obviously, there are a lot more people who deserve thanks here. 1676If you're one of them, and would like to mentioned, tell us!) 1677.bullet) 1678. 1679.Ss "We are..." 1680. 1681.Pp 1682(in alphabetical order) 1683.Pp 1684. 1685. 1686.Bl -column xxx "Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino" Mt sommerfeld@NetBSD.org Sy playstation2 1687. 1688.br_ne 1i 1689.It Em "The NetBSD core group:" 1690.It Ta Ta 1691.It Ta Alistair Crooks Ta Mt agc@NetBSD.org 1692.It Ta YAMAMOTO Takashi Ta Mt yamt@NetBSD.org 1693.It Ta Matt Thomas Ta Mt matt@NetBSD.org 1694.It Ta Valeriy E. Ushakov Ta Mt uwe@NetBSD.org 1695.It Ta Christos Zoulas Ta Mt christos@NetBSD.org 1696.It Ta Ta 1697. 1698.br_ne 2i 1699.It Em "The portmasters (and their ports):" 1700.\" 1701.\" XXX created by list-portmasters.pl 1702.\" 1703.It Ta Ta Ta 1704.It Ta Anders Magnusson Ta Mt ragge Ta Sy vax 1705.It Ta Andrey Petrov Ta Mt petrov Ta Sy sparc64 1706.It Ta Ben Harris Ta Mt bjh21 Ta Sy acorn26 1707.It Ta Cherry G. Mathew Ta Mt cherry Ta Sy ia64 1708.It Ta Chris Gilbert Ta Mt chris Ta Sy cats 1709.It Ta Darrin Jewell Ta Mt dbj Ta Sy next68k 1710.It Ta Erik Berls Ta Mt cyber Ta Sy cobalt 1711.It Ta Frank van der Linden Ta Mt fvdl Ta Sy amd64 1712.It Ta Frank van der Linden Ta Mt fvdl Ta Sy i386 1713.It Ta Gavan Fantom Ta Mt gavan Ta Sy iyonix 1714.It Ta IWAMOTO Toshihiro Ta Mt toshii Ta Sy hpcarm 1715.It Ta Ichiro FUKUHARA Ta Mt ichiro Ta Sy hpcarm 1716.It Ta Ignatios Souvatzis Ta Mt is Ta Sy amiga 1717.It Ta Izumi Tsutsui Ta Mt tsutsui Ta Sy ews4800mips 1718.It Ta Izumi Tsutsui Ta Mt tsutsui Ta Sy hp300 1719.It Ta Izumi Tsutsui Ta Mt tsutsui Ta Sy news68k 1720.It Ta Jaime A Fournier Ta Mt ober Ta Sy zaurus 1721.It Ta Jason Thorpe Ta Mt thorpej Ta Sy algor 1722.It Ta Jason Thorpe Ta Mt thorpej Ta Sy evbarm 1723.It Ta Jason Thorpe Ta Mt thorpej Ta Sy shark 1724.It Ta Jonathan Stone Ta Mt jonathan Ta Sy pmax 1725.It Ta Julian Coleman Ta Mt jdc Ta Sy atari 1726.It Ta Manuel Bouyer Ta Mt bouyer Ta Sy xen 1727.It Ta Marcus Comstedt Ta Mt marcus Ta Sy dreamcast 1728.It Ta Martin Husemann Ta Mt martin Ta Sy sparc64 1729.It Ta Matt Fredette Ta Mt fredette Ta Sy sun2 1730.It Ta Matt Thomas Ta Mt matt Ta Sy alpha 1731.It Ta Matt Thomas Ta Mt matt Ta Sy netwinder 1732.It Ta Matthias Drochner Ta Mt drochner Ta Sy cesfic 1733.It Ta Michael Lorenz Ta Mt macallan Ta Sy macppc 1734.It Ta NISHIMURA Takeshi Ta Mt nsmrtks Ta Sy x68k 1735.It Ta Nathan Williams Ta Mt nathanw Ta Sy sun3 1736.It Ta Nick Hudson Ta Mt skrll Ta Sy hp700 1737.It Ta Noriyuki Soda Ta Mt soda Ta Sy arc 1738.It Ta Paul Kranenburg Ta Mt pk Ta Sy sparc 1739.It Ta Phil Nelson Ta Mt phil Ta Sy pc532 1740.It Ta Reinoud Zandijk Ta Mt reinoud Ta Sy acorn32 1741.It Ta Ross Harvey Ta Mt ross Ta Sy alpha 1742.It Ta S\(/oren J\(/orvang Ta Mt soren Ta Sy sgimips 1743.It Ta Scott Reynolds Ta Mt scottr Ta Sy mac68k 1744.It Ta Shin Takemura Ta Mt takemura Ta Sy hpcmips 1745.It Ta Simon Burge Ta Mt simonb Ta Sy evbmips 1746.It Ta Simon Burge Ta Mt simonb Ta Sy pmax 1747.It Ta Simon Burge Ta Mt simonb Ta Sy sbmips 1748.It Ta Steve Woodford Ta Mt scw Ta Sy evbppc 1749.It Ta Steve Woodford Ta Mt scw Ta Sy mvme68k 1750.It Ta Steve Woodford Ta Mt scw Ta Sy mvmeppc 1751.It Ta Takayoshi Kochi Ta Mt kochi Ta Sy ia64 1752.It Ta Tim Rightnour Ta Mt garbled Ta Sy prep 1753.It Ta Tohru Nishimura Ta Mt nisimura Ta Sy luna68k 1754.It Ta Tohru Nishimura Ta Mt nisimura Ta Sy sandpoint 1755.It Ta UCHIYAMA Yasushi Ta Mt uch Ta Sy hpcsh 1756.It Ta UCHIYAMA Yasushi Ta Mt uch Ta Sy playstation2 1757.It Ta Wayne Knowles Ta Mt wdk Ta Sy mipsco 1758.It Ta Wolfgang Solfrank Ta Mt ws Ta Sy ofppc 1759.It Ta Ta Ta 1760. 1761.br_ne 1i 1762.It Em "The NetBSD \*V Release Engineering team:" 1763.It Ta Ta 1764.It Ta Grant Beattie Ta Mt grant@NetBSD.org 1765.It Ta Manuel Bouyer Ta Mt bouyer@NetBSD.org 1766.It Ta David Brownlee Ta Mt abs@NetBSD.org 1767.It Ta Pavel Cahyna Ta Mt pavel@NetBSD.org 1768.It Ta James Chacon Ta Mt jmc@NetBSD.org 1769.It Ta Julian Coleman Ta Mt jdc@NetBSD.org 1770.It Ta H\(oavard Eidnes Ta Mt he@NetBSD.org 1771.It Ta Liam J. Foy Ta Mt liamjfoy@NetBSD.org 1772.It Ta John Heasley Ta Mt heas@NetBSD.org 1773.It Ta Geert Hendrickx Ta Mt ghen@NetBSD.org 1774.It Ta Soren Jacobsen Ta Mt snj@NetBSD.org 1775.It Ta Daniel de Kok Ta Mt daniel@NetBSD.org 1776.It Ta Phil Nelson Ta Mt phil@NetBSD.org 1777.It Ta Jeff Rizzo Ta Mt riz@NetBSD.org 1778.It Ta Ta 1779. 1780.br_ne 2i 1781.It Em "NetBSD Developers:" 1782.It Ta Ta 1783.It Ta Nathan Ahlstrom Ta Mt nra@NetBSD.org 1784.It Ta Steve Allen Ta Mt wormey@NetBSD.org 1785.It Ta Jukka Andberg Ta Mt jandberg@NetBSD.org 1786.It Ta Julian Assange Ta Mt proff@NetBSD.org 1787.It Ta Lennart Augustsson Ta Mt augustss@NetBSD.org 1788.It Ta Christoph Badura Ta Mt bad@NetBSD.org 1789.It Ta Bang Jun-Young Ta Mt junyoung@NetBSD.org 1790.It Ta Dieter Baron Ta Mt dillo@NetBSD.org 1791.It Ta Robert V. Baron Ta Mt rvb@NetBSD.org 1792.It Ta Alan Barrett Ta Mt apb@NetBSD.org 1793.It Ta Grant Beattie Ta Mt grant@NetBSD.org 1794.It Ta Jason Beegan Ta Mt jtb@NetBSD.org 1795.It Ta Erik Berls Ta Mt cyber@NetBSD.org 1796.It Ta Hiroyuki Bessho Ta Mt bsh@NetBSD.org 1797.It Ta John Birrell Ta Mt jb@NetBSD.org 1798.It Ta Mason Loring Bliss Ta Mt mason@NetBSD.org 1799.It Ta Charles Blundell Ta Mt cb@NetBSD.org 1800.It Ta Rafal Boni Ta Mt rafal@NetBSD.org 1801.It Ta Stephen Borrill Ta Mt sborrill@NetBSD.org 1802.It Ta Sean Boudreau Ta Mt seanb@NetBSD.org 1803.It Ta Manuel Bouyer Ta Mt bouyer@NetBSD.org 1804.It Ta John Brezak Ta Mt brezak@NetBSD.org 1805.It Ta Allen Briggs Ta Mt briggs@NetBSD.org 1806.It Ta Mark Brinicombe Ta Mt mark@NetBSD.org 1807.It Ta Aaron Brown Ta Mt abrown@NetBSD.org 1808.It Ta Andrew Brown Ta Mt atatat@NetBSD.org 1809.It Ta David Brownlee Ta Mt abs@NetBSD.org 1810.It Ta Frederick Bruckman Ta Mt fredb@NetBSD.org 1811.It Ta Jon Buller Ta Mt jonb@NetBSD.org 1812.It Ta Simon Burge Ta Mt simonb@NetBSD.org 1813.It Ta Robert Byrnes Ta Mt byrnes@NetBSD.org 1814.It Ta Pavel Cahyna Ta Mt pavel@NetBSD.org 1815.It Ta D'Arcy J.M. Cain Ta Mt darcy@NetBSD.org 1816.It Ta Dave Carrel Ta Mt carrel@NetBSD.org 1817.It Ta Daniel Carosone Ta Mt dan@NetBSD.org 1818.It Ta James Chacon Ta Mt jmc@NetBSD.org 1819.It Ta Bill Coldwell Ta Mt billc@NetBSD.org 1820.It Ta Julian Coleman Ta Mt jdc@NetBSD.org 1821.It Ta Ben Collver Ta Mt ben@NetBSD.org 1822.It Ta Jeremy Cooper Ta Mt jeremy@NetBSD.org 1823.It Ta Chuck Cranor Ta Mt chuck@NetBSD.org 1824.It Ta Alistair Crooks Ta Mt agc@NetBSD.org 1825.It Ta Aidan Cully Ta Mt aidan@NetBSD.org 1826.It Ta Garrett D'Amore Ta Mt gdamore@NetBSD.org 1827.It Ta Johan Danielsson Ta Mt joda@NetBSD.org 1828.It Ta John Darrow Ta Mt jdarrow@NetBSD.org 1829.It Ta Jed Davis Ta Mt jld@NetBSD.org 1830.It Ta Matt DeBergalis Ta Mt deberg@NetBSD.org 1831.It Ta Arnaud Degroote Ta Mt degroote@NetBSD.org 1832.It Ta Rob Deker Ta Mt deker@NetBSD.org 1833.It Ta Chris G. Demetriou Ta Mt cgd@NetBSD.org 1834.It Ta Tracy Di Marco White Ta Mt gendalia@NetBSD.org 1835.It Ta Jarom\('ir Dolecek Ta Mt jdolecek@NetBSD.org 1836.It Ta Andy Doran Ta Mt ad@NetBSD.org 1837.It Ta Roland Dowdeswell Ta Mt elric@NetBSD.org 1838.It Ta Emmanuel Dreyfus Ta Mt manu@NetBSD.org 1839.It Ta Matthias Drochner Ta Mt drochner@NetBSD.org 1840.It Ta Jun Ebihara Ta Mt jun@NetBSD.org 1841.It Ta H\(oavard Eidnes Ta Mt he@NetBSD.org 1842.It Ta Stoned Elipot Ta Mt seb@NetBSD.org 1843.It Ta Michael van Elst Ta Mt mlelstv@NetBSD.org 1844.It Ta Enami Tsugutomo Ta Mt enami@NetBSD.org 1845.It Ta Bernd Ernesti Ta Mt veego@NetBSD.org 1846.It Ta Erik Fair Ta Mt fair@NetBSD.org 1847.It Ta Gavan Fantom Ta Mt gavan@NetBSD.org 1848.It Ta Hauke Fath Ta Mt hauke@NetBSD.org 1849.It Ta Hubert Feyrer Ta Mt hubertf@NetBSD.org 1850.It Ta Jason R. Fink Ta Mt jrf@NetBSD.org 1851.It Ta Matt J. Fleming Ta Mt mjf@NetBSD.org 1852.It Ta Marty Fouts Ta Mt marty@NetBSD.org 1853.It Ta Liam J. Foy Ta Mt liamjfoy@NetBSD.org 1854.It Ta Matt Fredette Ta Mt fredette@NetBSD.org 1855.It Ta Thorsten Frueauf Ta Mt frueauf@NetBSD.org 1856.It Ta Castor Fu Ta Mt castor@NetBSD.org 1857.It Ta Ichiro Fukuhara Ta Mt ichiro@NetBSD.org 1858.It Ta Quentin Garnier Ta Mt cube@NetBSD.org 1859.It Ta Thomas Gerner Ta Mt thomas@NetBSD.org 1860.It Ta Simon J. Gerraty Ta Mt sjg@NetBSD.org 1861.It Ta Justin Gibbs Ta Mt gibbs@NetBSD.org 1862.It Ta Chris Gilbert Ta Mt chris@NetBSD.org 1863.It Ta Eric Gillespie Ta Mt epg@NetBSD.org 1864.It Ta Adam Glass Ta Mt glass@NetBSD.org 1865.It Ta Michael Graff Ta Mt explorer@NetBSD.org 1866.It Ta Brian C. Grayson Ta Mt bgrayson@NetBSD.org 1867.It Ta Matthew Green Ta Mt mrg@NetBSD.org 1868.It Ta Andreas Gustafsson Ta Mt gson@NetBSD.org 1869.It Ta Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino Ta Mt itojun@NetBSD.org 1870.It Ta Juergen Hannken-Illjes Ta Mt hannken@NetBSD.org 1871.It Ta Charles M. Hannum Ta Mt mycroft@NetBSD.org 1872.It Ta Ben Harris Ta Mt bjh21@NetBSD.org 1873.It Ta Ross Harvey Ta Mt ross@NetBSD.org 1874.It Ta Eric Haszlakiewicz Ta Mt erh@NetBSD.org 1875.It Ta John Hawkinson Ta Mt jhawk@NetBSD.org 1876.It Ta HAMAJIMA Katsuomi Ta Mt hamajima@NetBSD.org 1877.It Ta HAYAKAWA Koichi Ta Mt haya@NetBSD.org 1878.It Ta John Heasley Ta Mt heas@NetBSD.org 1879.It Ta Geert Hendrickx Ta Mt ghen@NetBSD.org 1880.It Ta Ren\('e Hexel Ta Mt rh@NetBSD.org 1881.It Ta Iain Hibbert Ta Mt plunky@NetBSD.org 1882.It Ta Kouichirou Hiratsuka Ta Mt hira@NetBSD.org 1883.It Ta Michael L. Hitch Ta Mt mhitch@NetBSD.org 1884.It Ta Jachym Holecek Ta Mt freza@NetBSD.org 1885.It Ta Christian E. Hopps Ta Mt chopps@NetBSD.org 1886.It Ta Ken Hornstein Ta Mt kenh@NetBSD.org 1887.It Ta Marc Horowitz Ta Mt marc@NetBSD.org 1888.It Ta Eduardo Horvath Ta Mt eeh@NetBSD.org 1889.It Ta Nick Hudson Ta Mt skrll@NetBSD.org 1890.It Ta Shell Hung Ta Mt shell@NetBSD.org 1891.It Ta Martin Husemann Ta Mt martin@NetBSD.org 1892.It Ta Dean Huxley Ta Mt dean@NetBSD.org 1893.It Ta Love H\(:ornquist \(oAstrand Ta Mt lha@NetBSD.org 1894.It Ta Bernardo Innocenti Ta Mt bernie@NetBSD.org 1895.It Ta Tetsuya Isaki Ta Mt isaki@NetBSD.org 1896.It Ta ITOH Yasufumi Ta Mt itohy@NetBSD.org 1897.It Ta IWAMOTO Toshihiro Ta Mt toshii@NetBSD.org 1898.It Ta Matthew Jacob Ta Mt mjacob@NetBSD.org 1899.It Ta Soren Jacobsen Ta Mt snj@NetBSD.org 1900.It Ta Lonhyn T. Jasinskyj Ta Mt lonhyn@NetBSD.org 1901.It Ta Darrin Jewell Ta Mt dbj@NetBSD.org 1902.It Ta Nicolas Joly Ta Mt njoly@NetBSD.org 1903.It Ta Chris Jones Ta Mt cjones@NetBSD.org 1904.It Ta S\(/oren J\(/orvang Ta Mt soren@NetBSD.org 1905.It Ta Takahiro Kambe Ta Mt taca@NetBSD.org 1906.It Ta Antti Kantee Ta Mt pooka@NetBSD.org 1907.It Ta Masanori Kanaoka Ta Mt kanaoka@NetBSD.org 1908.It Ta Frank Kardel Ta Mt kardel@NetBSD.org 1909.It Ta Mattias Karlsson Ta Mt keihan@NetBSD.org 1910.It Ta KAWAMOTO Yosihisa Ta Mt kawamoto@NetBSD.org 1911.It Ta Mario Kemper Ta Mt magick@NetBSD.org 1912.It Ta Min Sik Kim Ta Mt minskim@NetBSD.org 1913.It Ta Thomas Klausner Ta Mt wiz@NetBSD.org 1914.It Ta Klaus Klein Ta Mt kleink@NetBSD.org 1915.It Ta John Klos Ta Mt jklos@NetBSD.org 1916.It Ta Wayne Knowles Ta Mt wdk@NetBSD.org 1917.It Ta Takayoshi Kochi Ta Mt kochi@NetBSD.org 1918.It Ta John Kohl Ta Mt jtk@NetBSD.org 1919.It Ta Daniel de Kok Ta Mt daniel@NetBSD.org 1920.It Ta Paul Kranenburg Ta Mt pk@NetBSD.org 1921.It Ta Lubomir Kundrak Ta Mt lkundrak@NetBSD.org 1922.It Ta Martti Kuparinen Ta Mt martti@NetBSD.org 1923.It Ta Kentaro A. Kurahone Ta Mt kurahone@NetBSD.org 1924.It Ta Kevin Lahey Ta Mt kml@NetBSD.org 1925.It Ta David Laight Ta Mt dsl@NetBSD.org 1926.It Ta Johnny C. Lam Ta Mt jlam@NetBSD.org 1927.It Ta Martin J. Laubach Ta Mt mjl@NetBSD.org 1928.It Ta Greg Lehey Ta Mt grog@NetBSD.org 1929.It Ta Ted Lemon Ta Mt mellon@NetBSD.org 1930.It Ta Christian Limpach Ta Mt cl@NetBSD.org 1931.It Ta Frank van der Linden Ta Mt fvdl@NetBSD.org 1932.It Ta Joel Lindholm Ta Mt joel@NetBSD.org 1933.It Ta Mike Long Ta Mt mikel@NetBSD.org 1934.It Ta Michael Lorenz Ta Mt macallan@NetBSD.org 1935.It Ta Warner Losh Ta Mt imp@NetBSD.org 1936.It Ta Tomasz Luchowski Ta Mt zuntum@NetBSD.org 1937.It Ta Federico Lupi Ta Mt federico@NetBSD.org 1938.It Ta Brett Lymn Ta Mt blymn@NetBSD.org 1939.It Ta Paul Mackerras Ta Mt paulus@NetBSD.org 1940.It Ta Anders Magnusson Ta Mt ragge@NetBSD.org 1941.It Ta MAEKAWA Masahide Ta Mt gehenna@NetBSD.org 1942.It Ta David Maxwell Ta Mt david@NetBSD.org 1943.It Ta Dan McMahill Ta Mt dmcmahill@NetBSD.org 1944.It Ta Gregory McGarry Ta Mt gmcgarry@NetBSD.org 1945.It Ta Jared D. McNeill Ta Mt jmcneill@NetBSD.org 1946.It Ta Neil J. McRae Ta Mt neil@NetBSD.org 1947.It Ta Perry Metzger Ta Mt perry@NetBSD.org 1948.It Ta Simas Mockevicius Ta Mt symka@NetBSD.org 1949.It Ta Juan Romero Pardines Ta Mt xtraeme@NetBSD.org 1950.It Ta Julio M. Merino Vidal Ta Mt jmmv@NetBSD.org 1951.It Ta Minoura Makoto Ta Mt minoura@NetBSD.org 1952.It Ta Luke Mewburn Ta Mt lukem@NetBSD.org 1953.It Ta der Mouse Ta Mt mouse@NetBSD.org 1954.It Ta Joseph Myers Ta Mt jsm@NetBSD.org 1955.It Ta Ken Nakata Ta Mt kenn@NetBSD.org 1956.It Ta Takeshi Nakayama Ta Mt nakayama@NetBSD.org 1957.It Ta Phil Nelson Ta Mt phil@NetBSD.org 1958.It Ta John Nemeth Ta Mt jnemeth@NetBSD.org 1959.It Ta Bob Nestor Ta Mt rnestor@NetBSD.org 1960.It Ta NISHIMURA Takeshi Ta Mt nsmrtks@NetBSD.org 1961.It Ta Tohru Nishimura Ta Mt nisimura@NetBSD.org 1962.It Ta NONAKA Kimihiro Ta Mt nonaka@NetBSD.org 1963.It Ta Takehiko NOZAKI Ta Mt tnozaki@NetBSD.org 1964.It Ta Tobias Nygren Ta Mt tnn@NetBSD.org 1965.It Ta OBATA Akio Ta Mt obache@NetBSD.org 1966.It Ta Jesse Off Ta Mt joff@NetBSD.org 1967.It Ta Tatoku Ogaito Ta Mt tacha@NetBSD.org 1968.It Ta OKANO Takayoshi Ta Mt kano@NetBSD.org 1969.It Ta Masaru Oki Ta Mt oki@NetBSD.org 1970.It Ta Atsushi Onoe Ta Mt onoe@NetBSD.org 1971.It Ta Greg Oster Ta Mt oster@NetBSD.org 1972.It Ta Jonathan Perkin Ta Mt sketch@NetBSD.org 1973.It Ta Herb Peyerl Ta Mt hpeyerl@NetBSD.org 1974.It Ta Matthias Pfaller Ta Mt matthias@NetBSD.org 1975.It Ta Chris Pinnock Ta Mt cjep@NetBSD.org 1976.It Ta Adrian Portelli Ta Mt adrianp@NetBSD.org 1977.It Ta Rui Paulo Ta Mt rpaulo@NetBSD.org 1978.It Ta Peter Postma Ta Mt peter@NetBSD.org 1979.It Ta Dante Profeta Ta Mt dante@NetBSD.org 1980.It Ta Chris Provenzano Ta Mt proven@NetBSD.org 1981.It Ta Niels Provos Ta Mt provos@NetBSD.org 1982.It Ta Mindaugas Rasiukevicius Ta Mt rmind@NetBSD.org 1983.It Ta Michael Rauch Ta Mt mrauch@NetBSD.org 1984.It Ta Marc Recht Ta Mt recht@NetBSD.org 1985.It Ta Darren Reed Ta Mt darrenr@NetBSD.org 1986.It Ta Jeremy C. Reed Ta Mt reed@NetBSD.org 1987.It Ta Antoine Reilles Ta Mt tonio@NetBSD.org 1988.It Ta Tyler R. Retzlaff Ta Mt rtr@NetBSD.org 1989.It Ta Scott Reynolds Ta Mt scottr@NetBSD.org 1990.It Ta Michael Richardson Ta Mt mcr@NetBSD.org 1991.It Ta Tim Rightnour Ta Mt garbled@NetBSD.org 1992.It Ta Alan Ritter Ta Mt rittera@NetBSD.org 1993.It Ta Jeff Rizzo Ta Mt riz@NetBSD.org 1994.It Ta Gordon Ross Ta Mt gwr@NetBSD.org 1995.It Ta Steve Rumble Ta Mt rumble@NetBSD.org 1996.It Ta Ilpo Ruotsalainen Ta Mt lonewolf@NetBSD.org 1997.It Ta Heiko W. Rupp Ta Mt hwr@NetBSD.org 1998.It Ta David Sainty Ta Mt dsainty@NetBSD.org 1999.It Ta SAITOH Masanobu Ta Mt msaitoh@NetBSD.org 2000.It Ta Kazuki Sakamoto Ta Mt sakamoto@NetBSD.org 2001.It Ta Curt Sampson Ta Mt cjs@NetBSD.org 2002.It Ta Wilfredo Sanchez Ta Mt wsanchez@NetBSD.org 2003.It Ta Ty Sarna Ta Mt tsarna@NetBSD.org 2004.It Ta SATO Kazumi Ta Mt sato@NetBSD.org 2005.It Ta Jan Schaumann Ta Mt jschauma@NetBSD.org 2006.It Ta Matthias Scheler Ta Mt tron@NetBSD.org 2007.It Ta Karl Schilke (rAT) Ta Mt rat@NetBSD.org 2008.It Ta Amitai Schlair Ta Mt schmonz@NetBSD.org 2009.It Ta Konrad Schroder Ta Mt perseant@NetBSD.org 2010.It Ta Georg Schwarz Ta Mt schwarz@NetBSD.org 2011.It Ta Lubomir Sedlacik Ta Mt salo@NetBSD.org 2012.It Ta Christopher SEKIYA Ta Mt sekiya@NetBSD.org 2013.It Ta Reed Shadgett Ta Mt dent@NetBSD.org 2014.It Ta John Shannon Ta Mt shannonjr@NetBSD.org 2015.It Ta Tim Shepard Ta Mt shep@NetBSD.org 2016.It Ta Takeshi Shibagaki Ta Mt shiba@NetBSD.org 2017.It Ta Naoto Shimazaki Ta Mt igy@NetBSD.org 2018.It Ta Takao Shinohara Ta Mt shin@NetBSD.org 2019.It Ta Takuya SHIOZAKI Ta Mt tshiozak@NetBSD.org 2020.It Ta Daniel Sieger Ta Mt dsieger@NetBSD.org 2021.It Ta Chuck Silvers Ta Mt chs@NetBSD.org 2022.It Ta Thor Lancelot Simon Ta Mt tls@NetBSD.org 2023.It Ta Jeff Smith Ta Mt jeffs@NetBSD.org 2024.It Ta Noriyuki Soda Ta Mt soda@NetBSD.org 2025.It Ta Wolfgang Solfrank Ta Mt ws@NetBSD.org 2026.It Ta T K Spindler Ta Mt dogcow@NetBSD.org 2027.It Ta SOMEYA Yoshihiko Ta Mt someya@NetBSD.org 2028.It Ta Bill Sommerfeld Ta Mt sommerfeld@NetBSD.org 2029.It Ta J\(:org Sonnenberger Ta Mt joerg@NetBSD.org 2030.It Ta Ignatios Souvatzis Ta Mt is@NetBSD.org 2031.It Ta Bill Squier Ta Mt groo@NetBSD.org 2032.It Ta Jonathan Stone Ta Mt jonathan@NetBSD.org 2033.It Ta Bill Studenmund Ta Mt wrstuden@NetBSD.org 2034.It Ta Kevin Sullivan Ta Mt sullivan@NetBSD.org 2035.It Ta SUNAGAWA Keiki Ta Mt kei@NetBSD.org 2036.It Ta Kimmo Suominen Ta Mt kim@NetBSD.org 2037.It Ta Shin Takemura Ta Mt takemura@NetBSD.org 2038.It Ta TAMURA Kent Ta Mt kent@NetBSD.org 2039.It Ta Shin'ichiro TAYA Ta Mt taya@NetBSD.org 2040.It Ta Ian Lance Taylor Ta Mt ian@NetBSD.org 2041.It Ta Matt Thomas Ta Mt matt@NetBSD.org 2042.It Ta Jason Thorpe Ta Mt thorpej@NetBSD.org 2043.It Ta Christoph Toshok Ta Mt toshok@NetBSD.org 2044.It Ta Greg Troxel Ta Mt gdt@NetBSD.org 2045.It Ta Tsubai Masanari Ta Mt tsubai@NetBSD.org 2046.It Ta Izumi Tsutsui Ta Mt tsutsui@NetBSD.org 2047.It Ta UCHIYAMA Yasushi Ta Mt uch@NetBSD.org 2048.It Ta Masao Uebayashi Ta Mt uebayasi@NetBSD.org 2049.It Ta Shuichiro URATA Ta Mt ur@NetBSD.org 2050.It Ta Valeriy E. Ushakov Ta Mt uwe@NetBSD.org 2051.It Ta Todd Vierling Ta Mt tv@NetBSD.org 2052.It Ta Aymeric Vincent Ta Mt aymeric@NetBSD.org 2053.It Ta Paul Vixie Ta Mt vixie@NetBSD.org 2054.It Ta Mike M. Volokhov Ta Mt mishka@NetBSD.org 2055.It Ta Krister Walfridsson Ta Mt kristerw@NetBSD.org 2056.It Ta Lex Wennmacher Ta Mt wennmach@NetBSD.org 2057.It Ta Leo Weppelman Ta Mt leo@NetBSD.org 2058.It Ta Assar Westerlund Ta Mt assar@NetBSD.org 2059.It Ta Todd Whitesel Ta Mt toddpw@NetBSD.org 2060.It Ta Nathan Williams Ta Mt nathanw@NetBSD.org 2061.It Ta Rob Windsor Ta Mt windsor@NetBSD.org 2062.It Ta Dan Winship Ta Mt danw@NetBSD.org 2063.It Ta Arnaud Lacombe Ta Mt alc@NetBSD.org 2064.It Ta Jim Wise Ta Mt jwise@NetBSD.org 2065.It Ta Michael Wolfson Ta Mt mbw@NetBSD.org 2066.It Ta Steve Woodford Ta Mt scw@NetBSD.org 2067.It Ta Colin Wood Ta Mt ender@NetBSD.org 2068.It Ta YAMAMOTO Takashi Ta Mt yamt@NetBSD.org 2069.It Ta Yuji Yamano Ta Mt yyamano@NetBSD.org 2070.It Ta Reinoud Zandijk Ta Mt reinoud@NetBSD.org 2071.It Ta S.P.Zeidler Ta Mt spz@NetBSD.org 2072.It Ta Maria Zevenhoven Ta Mt maria7@NetBSD.org 2073.It Ta Christos Zoulas Ta Mt christos@NetBSD.org 2074.It Ta Ta 2075. 2076.br_ne 2i 2077.It Em "Other contributors:" 2078.It Ta Ta 2079.It Ta Dave Burgess Ta Mt burgess@cynjut.infonet.net 2080.It Ta Brian R. Gaeke Ta Mt brg@dgate.org 2081.It Ta Brad Grantham Ta Mt grantham@tenon.com 2082.It Ta Lawrence Kesteloot Ta Mt kesteloo@cs.unc.edu 2083.It Ta Waldi Ravens Ta Mt waldi@moacs.indiv.nl.net 2084. 2085.El 2086. 2087.Ss "Legal Mumbo-Jumbo" 2088.Pp 2089. 2090All product names mentioned herein are trademarks or registered 2091trademarks of their respective owners. 2092.Pp 2093The following notices are required to satisfy the license terms of 2094the software that we have mentioned in this document: 2095.Pp 2096.nr save_size \n[.s] 2097.nr save_vs \n[.v] 2098.ps 8 2099.vs 9 2100.Ht <font size=-1> 2101.(item -compact 2102.so ../common/legal.common ----------------------------------------------- 2103.so legal ----------------------------------------------- 2104.item) 2105.Ht </font> 2106.ps 2107.vs 2108.Ss "The End" 2109