1.\" $NetBSD: main,v 1.423 2008/10/18 20:20:01 jym Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1999-2005 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc. 4.\" All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 15.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS 16.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED 17.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 18.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS 19.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR 20.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF 21.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS 22.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN 23.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) 24.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 25.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 26.\" 27.ig 28 29 To "regenerate" this file, go up one level to src/distrib/notes 30 and type "make". This will create 31 src/distrib/notes/<arch>/INSTALL.*. 32 33 The notes that describe the improvements over the last release 34 aren't appropriate for a snapshot, so these are conditional on 35 FOR_RELEASE. 0 == snapshot; 1 == release 36.. 37. 38.tm Processing INSTALL 39. 40.\" -------------------- CONFIGURATION -------------------- 41. 42.nr FOR_RELEASE 1 43.nr DOC_XR 1 44.ds MACHINE_LIST acorn26 acorn32 algor alpha amd64 amiga amigappc arc atari 45.as MACHINE_LIST " bebox cats cesfic cobalt dreamcast evbarm evbmips evbppc 46.as MACHINE_LIST " evbsh3 ews4800mips hp300 hp700 hpcarm hpcmips hpcsh hppa 47.as MACHINE_LIST " i386 ibmnws iyonix landisk luna68k mac68k macppc mipsco mmeye 48.as MACHINE_LIST " mvme68k mvmeppc netwinder news68k newsmips next68k ofppc 49.as MACHINE_LIST " pdp10 playstation2 pmax prep sandpoint sbmips 50.as MACHINE_LIST " sgimips shark sparc sparc64 sun2 sun3 vax x68k xen zaurus . 51.so \*[.CURDIR]/../common/macros 52. 53.Dd February 5, 2008 54.Dt INSTALL 8 55.Os NetBSD 56.Sh NAME 57.Nm INSTALL 58.Nd Installation procedure for 59.Nx*M . 60.Sh CONTENTS 61.Tc 62.Sh DESCRIPTION 63. 64.Ss About this Document 65.Pp 66. 67This document describes the installation procedure for 68.Nx 69\*V on the 70.Em \*M 71platform. 72It is available in four different formats titled 73.Pa INSTALL. Ns Ar ext , 74where 75.Ar \&.ext 76is one of 77.Pa \&.ps , \&.html , \&.more , 78.No or Pa \&.txt : 79.(tag \&.morex -offset indent 80.It Pa \&.ps 81PostScript. 82.It Pa \&.html 83.No Standard Internet Tn HTML . 84.It Pa \&.more 85The enhanced text format used on 86.Ul 87systems by the 88.Xr more 1 89and 90.Xr less 1 91pager utility programs. 92This is the format in which the on-line 93.Em man 94pages are generally presented. 95.It Pa \&.txt 96Plain old 97.Tn ASCII . 98.tag) 99.Pp 100You are reading the 101.Em \*[format] 102version. 103. 104.if \n[i386]:\n[macppc]:\n[sparc]:\n[sparc64]:\n[amd64] \{\ 105.Ss "Quick install notes for the impatient" 106.Pp 107This section contains some brief notes describing what you need to 108install 109.Nx 110\*V on a machine of the \*M architecture. 111.Bl -bullet 112.It 113Fetch files needed to install 114.Nx . 115.if \n[i386]:\n[amd64] \{\ 116.Pp 117Option 1: bootable CD-ROM images containing the full distribution. 118.Pp 119These can be found 120on an FTP site near you, usually located in the 121.Pa /pub/NetBSD/iso 122directory. 123Check the NetBSD website for details. 124.Pp 125Option 2: bootable CD-ROM images from 126.Pa \*M/installation/cdrom/ . 127.Pp 128These images are bootable, but do not contain binary sets. 129They are intended for network installs, or system repair. 130.Pa boot.iso 131is for VGA console installation, and 132.Pa boot-com.iso 133is for installation over serial console (com0, 9600 baud). 134.Pp 135Option 3: boot floppy images from 136.Pa \*M/installation/floppy/ . 137.Pp 138.Pa boot1.fs 139and 140.Pa boot2.fs 141are floppy images for VGA console installation. 142.Pa boot-com1.fs 143and 144.Pa boot-com2.fs 145are for installation via serial console (com0, 9600 baud). 146.It 147The default kernel on CD-ROMs has ACPI enabled. 148This is known to cause issues on a few machines which have buggy ACPI 149implementations. 150.Pp 151To boot with ACPI disabled, choose the "no ACPI" option from the boot menu, 152or interrupt the menu and enter the 153.Nx 154boot prompt. 155Type 156.Ic boot -2 157to boot with ACPI disabled. 158.\} 159.if \n[macppc] \{\ 160Fetch files necessary to boot your system. 161The files depend on what model you 162are using and how you plan to boot your machine. 163For systems with built-in floppy drives (Open Firmware 1 or 2), 164fetch the pair of boot floppy images 165.Pa macppc/installation/floppy/boot1.fs 166and 167.Pa macppc/installation/floppy/boot2.fs , 168which include the bootloader and installation kernel. 169For systems without floppy drives (most are Open Firmware 3), fetch the 170bootloader 171.Pa macppc/installation/ofwboot.xcf 172and the installation kernel 173.Pa macppc/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC_MD.gz . 174If you have a CD-R, you can fetch the CD image, 175.Pa macppccd-\*V.iso . 176.\} 177.if \n[sparc] \{\ 178Fetch a CD image, 179.Pa sparccd-\*V.iso 180or the floppy disk images, 181.Pa sparc/install/floppy/disk1.gz No and Pa sparc/install/floppy/disk2 . 182You need either the pair of floppies or the CD to boot your system. 183.\} 184.if \n[sparc64] \{\ 185CD image, 186.Pa sparc64cd-\*V.iso 187or the installation kernel and bootloader, 188.Pa sparc64/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz No and Pa sparc64/installation/misc/ofwboot 189which can be booted from a 190.Tn Solaris 191or 192.Nx 193partition. 194.\} 195.if \n[macppc]:\n[sparc]:\n[sparc64] \{\ 196Alternatively, you may netboot the installation kernel. This process is 197covered below, in detail. 198.\} 199.It 200The actual binary distribution is in the 201.Pa \*M/binary/sets/ 202directory. 203When you boot the install 204.if \n[i386] CD-ROM or floppies, 205.if \n[macppc] kernel from floppies, hard drive, or CD-ROM, 206.if \n[sparc] floppies or CD-ROM, 207.if \n[sparc64] CD-ROM or installation kernel, 208the installation program 209can fetch these files for you (using e.g. ftp), 210if you have a network connection. 211There are several other methods to get the binary sets onto 212your machine. 213.Pp 214You will at a minimum need 215.ie \n[i386]:\n[amd64] \{\ 216one of the kernel sets, typically 217.Pa kern-GENERIC.tgz , 218as well as 219.\} 220.el \{\ 221the following sets: 222.Pa kern-GENERIC.tgz , 223.\} 224.Pa base.tgz 225and 226.Pa etc.tgz . 227In a typical workstation installation you will probably want 228all the installation sets. 229.ie \n[i386]:\n[amd64] \{\ 230.It 231Write the CD-ROM images or floppy images out. 232.Pp 233Many commercial and freeware programs are available to burn CD-ROMs. 234.Pp 235If you have problems writing a raw image to a floppy, 236the 237.Ic rawrite.exe 238MS-DOS program 239or the 240.Ic Rawrite32.exe 241Windows32 program (inside 242.Pa rawrite32.zip ) 243in the 244.Pa i386/installation/misc/ 245directory may be of help. 246.\} 247.if \n[macppc] \{\ 248.It 249If your \*M has a floppy drive, create the pair of boot floppies using 250.Ic suntar 251(MacOS 9), 252.Ic rawrite 253(Windows), or 254.Ic dd 255(any 256.Ul 257system with floppy support). If your system has Open Firmware 3, drag 258.Pa ofwboot.xcf No and Pa netbsd-GENERIC_MD.gz 259to your hard drive icon (the top level of the drive, not the desktop). 260If you are using the CD image, burn it now. 261.\} 262.if \n[sparc] \{\ 263.It 264Make sure your sparc's CD-ROM drive is bootable. 265Burn the CD. 266Otherwise, write the floppy images directly to a pair of floppies 267(after uncompressing disk1.gz). 268.\} 269.if \n[sparc64] \{\ 270.It 271Burn the CD or put the installation kernel and bootloader 272at the root level of a bootable 273.Tn Solaris 274or 275.Nx 276partition. 277.\} 278.Pp 279The disk(s) you just prepared will be used to boot the installation 280kernel, which contains all the tools required to install 281.Nx . 282.if \n[macppc] \{\ 283.It 284Determine your machine's model, quirks, and Open Firmware version from the 285.Nx*M 286Model Support webpage. 287.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/ports/macppc/models.html 288.Pp 289At present, 290.Nx*M 291cannot exist on the same hard drive as 292.Tn Mac OS 293unless you partition your disk before running the installer. 294Open Firmware versions prior to 3 require a dedicated 295.Nx 296drive \(em you must use the entire disk, 297partitioned with the installation tools. 298Open Firmware version 3 cannot boot into 299.Nx 300on a drive partitioned with the installation tools, you must partition 301your disk before running the installer, then select the 302.Dq Me "Re-install sets or install additional sets" 303option in the installer (selecting the 304.Dq Me "Install NetBSD to hard disk" 305or 306.Dq Me "Upgrade NetBSD on a hard disk" 307options will render your drive unbootable). 308If you are unsure, you may want to read the section below on 309.Sx Partitioning your hard drive for NetBSD 310.It 311For systems with Open Firmware versions prior to 3, you may need to use 312Apple's System Disk utility to enter Open Firmware and use your screen and 313keyboard. 314To enter Open Firmware, hold down the 315.Key COMMAND-OPTION-O-F 316keys after the boot chime starts, but before the chime ends. 317Entering Open Firmware versions prior to 3 is usually the most frustrating 318part of installation \(em you may want to read the section below on 319.Sx Older Open Firmware System Preparation 320.Pp 321You should have the Open Firmware 322.Dq Pa "0 \*[Gt]" 323prompt on your screen before attempting to boot 324.Nx*M . 325.\} 326.if \n[macppc] \{\ 327.It 328At the Open Firmware prompt, type the command to boot. 329To boot from the installation floppies, the command is 330.Dq Ic "boot fd:0" . 331For the install kernel and bootloader on your hard drive (Open Firmware 3323), the command is 333.Dq Ic "boot hd:,\eofwboot.xcf netbsd-GENERIC_MD.gz" . 334.Pp 335For boot CDs, the command is something like 336.Dq Ic "boot cd:,\eofwboot.xcf netbsd.macppc" 337(for Open Firmware 3) or 338.Dq Ic "boot scsi-int/sd@3:0 NETBSD.MACPPC" 339(for earlier Open Firmware versions). 340You will need to use the correct case for 341.Ic OFWBOOT.XCF No and Ic NETBSD.MACPPC 342depending on how your version of Open Firmware interprets the ISO 343file system. 344You may need to replace 345.Ic cd 346with 347.Ic "scsi/sd@3 , scsi-int/sd@3 , ata/atapi-disk ," 348or some other device alias. 349You should also use the Open Firmware 350.Ic dir 351command to confirm that the 352.Nx*M 353kernel is called 354.Pa NETBSD.MACPPC . 355You may want to read the section below on 356.Sx Open Firmware boot syntax 357.\} 358.if \n[sparc]:\n[sparc64] \{\ 359.It 360You will need to get to the 361.if \n[sparc] OpenBoot PROM 362.if \n[sparc64] OpenFirmware 363.Dq Ic "ok" 364prompt. 365After your system first powers on, and displays some initial information, 366press the 367.Key STOP-A 368keys, or send a BREAK if you're on a serial console. 369At the 370.Dq Ic "ok" 371prompt, type the command to boot your system into 372.Nx . 373.\} 374.if \n[sparc] \{\ 375The command to boot from CD is one of the following commands (depending on 376your model): 377.Dq Ic b sd(,30,) , 378.Dq Ic boot sd(,30,) , 379or 380.Dq Ic boot cdrom . 381.Pp 382The command to boot from floppy is either 383.Dq Ic boot fd(,,1) 384or 385.Dq Ic boot floppy . 386The installer will prompt you to insert the second floppy when it is ready 387for it. 388.\} 389.if \n[sparc64] \{\ 390The command to boot from CD is: 391.Dq Ic boot cdrom . 392The command to boot the 393.Nx 394kernel from a 395.Tn Solaris 396or 397.Nx 398partition depends on which disk and partition it is on. 399To boot from the first partition of the first (primary) disk: 400.Dq Ic "boot disk:a /ofwboot -a" . 401When it asks you for a kernel, specify 402.Dq Ic "netbsd-INSTALL.gz" 403.\} 404.It 405For third-party programs which are not part of the base 406.Nx 407distribution, you will want to explore the 408.Ic pkgsrc 409system with its many thousands of third party software applications. 410.El 411.\} 412.Ss "What is NetBSD?" 413.Pp 414. 415The 416.Nx 417Operating System is a fully functional 418.Tn Open Source 419.Ul 420operating system derived from the University of California, Berkeley 421Networking Release 2 (Net/2), 4.4BSD-Lite, and 4.4BSD-Lite2 sources. 422.Nx 423runs on fifty four different system architectures (ports), 424featuring seventeen machine architectures 425across fifteen distinct CPU families, 426and is being ported to more. 427The 428.Nx 429\*V release contains complete binary releases for many different 430system architectures. 431(A few ports are not fully supported at this time 432and are thus not part of the binary distribution. 433Please see the 434.Nx 435web site at 436.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/ 437for information on them.) 438.Pp 439.Nx 440is a completely integrated system. 441In addition to its highly portable, high performance kernel, 442.nh 443.Nx 444features a complete set of user utilities, compilers for several 445languages, the X Window System, firewall software 446and numerous other tools, all accompanied by full source code. 447.Pp 448.\" XXX Should we include some text here about NetBSD's license 449.\" policies and how commercial-friendly it is? 450.Nx 451is a creation of the members of the Internet community. 452Without the unique cooperation and coordination the net makes 453possible, it's likely that 454.Nx 455wouldn't exist. 456. 457.if \n[FOR_RELEASE] \{\ 458.Ss Changes Between The NetBSD 4.0 and 5.0 Releases 459.Pp 460The 461.Nx 462\*V release 463provides numerous significant functional enhancements, including 464support for many new devices, integration of hundreds of bug fixes, 465new and updated kernel subsystems, and many user-land enhancements. 466The result of these improvements is a stable operating system fit for 467production use that rivals most commercially available systems. 468.Pp 469It is impossible to completely summarize more than a year of development that 470went into the 471.Nx 472\*V release. 473.\" {BEGIN from htdocs/releases/formal-5/NetBSD-5.0.xml#major-changes 474The complete list of changes can be found in the 475CHANGES: 476.Lk ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-4.0/CHANGES 477and 478CHANGES-4.0: 479.Lk ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-4.0/CHANGES-4.0 480files in the top level directory of the NetBSD 4.0 release tree. Some highlights include: 481.Ss2 Networking 482.(bullet 483.Xr agr 4 : 484new pseudo-device driver for link level aggregation. 485.It 486IPv6 support was extended with an RFC 3542-compliant API and added for 487.Xr gre 4 488tunnels and the 489.Xr tun 4 490device. 491.It 492A NDIS-wrapper was added to use Windows binary drivers on the i386 platform, see 493.Xr ndiscvt 8 . 494.It 495The IPv4 source-address selection policy can be set from a number of algorithms. See "IPSRCSEL" in 496.Xr options 4 497and 498.Xr in_getifa 9 . 499.It 500Imported 501.Xr wpa_supplicant 8 502and 503.Xr wpa_cli 8 . 504Utilities to connect and handle aspects of 802.11 WPA networks. 505.It 506Imported 507.Xr hostapd 8 . 508An authenticator for IEEE 802.11 networks. 509.It 510.Xr carp 4 : 511imported Common Address Redundancy Protocol to allow multiple hosts to share a set of IP addresses for high availability / redundancy, from OpenBSD. 512.It 513ALTQ support for the PF packet filter. 514.It 515.Xr etherip 4 : 516new EtherIP tunneling device. It's able to tunnel Ethernet traffic over IPv4 and IPv6 using the EtherIP protocol specified in RFC 3378. 517.It 518.Xr ftpd 8 519can now run in standalone mode, instead of from 520.Xr inetd 8 . 521.It 522.Xr tftp 1 523now has support for multicast TFTP operation in open-loop mode, server is in progress. 524.It 525.Xr tcp 4 : 526added support for RFC 3465 Appropriate Byte Counting (ABC) and Explicit Congestion Notification as defined in RFC 3168. 527.bullet) 528. 529.Ss2 File systems 530.(bullet 531.Xr scan_ffs 8 , 532.Xr scan_lfs 8 : 533utilities to find FFSv1/v2 and LFS partitions to recover lost disklabels on disks and image files. 534.It 535tmpfs: added a new memory-based file system aimed at replacing mfs. Contrary to mfs, it is not based on a disk file system, so it is more efficient both in overall memory consumption and speed. See 536.Xr mount_tmpfs 8 . 537.It 538Added UDF support for optical media and block devices, see 539.Xr mount_udf 8 . 540Read-only for now. 541.It 542NFS export list handling was changed to be filesystem independent. 543.It 544LFS: lots of stability improvements and new cleaner daemon. It is now also possible to use LFS as root filesystem. 545.It 546.Xr vnd 4 : 547the vnode disk driver can be used on filesystems such as smbfs and tmpfs. 548.It 549Support for System V Boot File System was added, see 550.Xr newfs_sysvbfs 8 551and 552.Xr mount_sysvbfs 8 . 553.bullet) 554. 555.Ss2 Drivers 556.(bullet 557Audio: 558.(bullet 559Support for new models on drivers such as Intel ICH8/6300ESB, NVIDIA nForce 3/4, etc. 560.It 561Added support for AC'97 modems. 562.It 563.Xr auich 4 : 564added support to handle the AC'97 modem as audio device, enabled with the kernel option 565.Dq AUICH_ATTACH_MODEM 566. 567.It 568.Xr azalia 4 : 569added support for S/PDIF. 570.bullet) 571. 572.It 573Hardware Monitors: 574.(bullet 575.Xr amdpm 4 : 576added support for the i2c bus on the AMD-8111 used on many Opteron motherboards and for the Analog Devices ADT7464 hardware monitor chip. 577.It 578.Xr adt7467c 4 : 579new driver for Analog Devices ADT7467 and ADM1030 hardware monitor chips. 580.It 581.Xr ipmi 4 : 582new driver for motherboards implementing the Intelligent Platform Management Interface 1.5 or 2.0, from OpenBSD. 583.It 584.Xr it 4 : 585new driver for iTE 8705F/8712F and SiS 950 hardware monitors. 586.It 587The 588.Xr lm 4 589driver was rewritten and support for more chips was added, for example for Winbond W83627HF, W83627THF, W83627DHG and Asus AS99127F. 590.It 591.Xr owtemp 4 : 592new driver for the 1-Wire temperature sensors. 593.It 594.Xr tmp121temp 4 : 595new driver for the Texas Instruments TMP121 temperature sensor. 596.It 597.Xr ug 4 : 598new driver for Abit uGuru hardware monitor found on newer Abit motherboards. 599.bullet) 600. 601.It 602Miscellaneous: 603.(bullet 604.Xr geodewdog 4 : 605new AMD Geode SC1100 Watchdog Timer driver. 606.It 607.Xr gscpcib 4 : 608new AMD Geode SC1100 PCI-ISA bridge that provides support for the GPIO interface. 609.bullet) 610. 611.It 612Networking: 613.(bullet 614.Xr ath 4 : 615updated HALs with support for WiSOC (AR531x) and 32bit SPARC. 616.It 617.Xr bge 4 : 618added support for the following chips: BCM5753, BCM5753M, BCM5715, BCM5754, BCM5755 and BCM5787. Numerous improvements and bugfixes were made too. 619.It 620.Xr iwn 4 : 621new driver for Intel Wireless 4965AGN IEEE network cards, from OpenBSD. 622.It 623.Xr jme 4 : 624new driver for JMicron Technologies JME250 Gigabit Ethernet and JME260 Fast 625Ethernet controllers. 626.It 627.Xr kse 4 : 628new driver for Micrel KSZ8842/8841 PCI network cards. 629.It 630.Xr msk 4 : 631new driver for Marvell Yukon 2 GigE PCI network cards, from OpenBSD. 632.It 633.Xr nfe 4 : 634new driver for NVIDIA nForce Ethernet network cards, from OpenBSD. 635.It 636.Xr ral 4 : 637new 802.11 driver for PCI/Cardbus Ralink RT2500, RT2501, RT2600, RT2661 and RT2500 USB chipsets, from OpenBSD. 638.It 639.Xr rum 4 : 640new 802.11 driver for USB Ralink RT2501 and RT2601 chipsets, from OpenBSD. 641.It 642.Xr sip 4 : 643now works on sparc64. 644.It 645.Xr tlp 4 : 646added support for ASIX AX88140A and AX88141. 647.It 648.Xr vr 4 : 649added support for the VIA Rhine III. 650.It 651.Xr wm 4 : 652added support for i8003, ICH8, ICH9 and others. Support for IPv6 Rx TCP/UDP Checksum Offloading and more. 653.It 654.Xr wpi 4 : 655new driver for Intel PRO/Wireless 3945ABG PCI 802.11 network cards, from OpenBSD. 656.bullet) 657. 658.It 659Security: 660.(bullet 661.Xr glxsb 4 : 662new driver for the AMD Geode LX AES Security Block that provides random numbers and AES acceleration, from OpenBSD. 663.bullet) 664. 665.It 666Power Management: 667.(bullet 668Support for Intel Speedstep SMI on PIIX4 PCI-ISA for i386. 669.It 670Support for AMD PowerNow and Cool'n'Quiet Technology on K7 and K8 CPUs (both in 32 and 64 bit mode), including Athlon Mobile, Athlon64, Opteron or X2. See 671.Xr options 4 672for more information. 673.It 674Support for more Enhanced Speedstep CPUs, including VIA C7/Eden and Intel Core Solo/Duo/Duo2. See 675.Xr options 4 676for more information. 677.It 678The Enhanced Speedstep and PowerNow drivers were modified to be able to be scaled in all CPUs available, saving power on SMP systems. 679.bullet) 680. 681.It 682Storage: 683.(bullet 684.Xr ahcisata 4 : 685new driver for AHCI 1.0 and 1.1 compliant SATA controllers. 686.It 687.Xr ataraid 4 : 688added support to handle Adaptec HostRAID and VIA V-Tech software RAID. 689.It 690.Xr ciss 4 : 691new driver for HP/Compaq 5th+ generation Smart ARRAY controllers, from OpenBSD. 692.It 693.Xr fdc 4 : 694added support for SBus based sparc64 machines and fixed formatting on sparc. 695.It 696.Xr gcscide 4 : 697new driver for the AMD Geode CS5535 Companion Device IDE controller. 698.It 699.Xr jmide 4 : 700new driver for JMicron Technology JMB36x PCIe to SATA II/PATA controllers. 701.It 702.Xr mfi 4 : 703new driver for LSI Logic and Dell MegaRAID SAS controllers, from OpenBSD. 704.It 705.Xr mpt 4 : 706added support for newer SAS and similar devices. 707.It 708.Xr njata 4 : 709new driver for Workbit NinjaATA-32 CardBus IDE controller. 710.It 711.Xr pdcsata 4 : 712added support for the Promise PDC20775, PDC20771, PDC40518, PDC40718 and some bugfixes. 713.It 714.Xr piixide 4 : 715added support for some ICH8/ICH8-M/ICH9 IDE and SATA controllers. 716.It 717.Xr svwsata 4 : 718new driver for Serverworks K2 SATA controllers, from OpenBSD. 719.It 720.Xr viaide 4 721added support for the VIA VT8237A SATA controller and AMD CS5536 Companion Device IDE Controller. 722.bullet) 723. 724.It 725USB: 726.(bullet 727.Xr ucycom 4 : 728new driver for Cypress microcontroller based serial devices. 729.It 730.Xr uipaq 4 : 731new driver for the iPAQ devices. 732.It 733.Xr uslsa 4 : 734new driver for Silicon Labs CP210x series serial adapters. 735.It 736.Xr utoppy 4 : 737new driver for the Topfield TF5000PVR range of digital video recorders. 738.bullet) 739. 740.bullet) 741. 742.Ss2 Platforms 743.(bullet 744i386: 745.(bullet 746Added support for the for Multiboot specification. This means much improved support for loading the kernel by GRUB, including passing in parameters to the kernel. 747.It 748Added the unichromefb framebuffer driver that supports the VIA Unichrome Graphics adapter. 749.It 750.Xr vesafb 4 : 751added new framebuffer driver that supports VESA BIOS (VBE) 2.0 extensions and up. 752.It 753Added cd9660 file system support to the BIOS bootloader. 754.bullet) 755. 756.It 757evbarm: new platform support for Arcom Viper PXA255-based single board, Atmark Techno Armadillo-9 and Armadillo-210, Certance CP-3100, Linksys NSLU2 (a.k.a. "Slug") and I-O DATA HDL-G Giga LANDISK NAS devices. 758.It 759evbmips: added support for Alchemy Au1550 processors, DBAu1550 boards, Alchemy Au15XX PCI host, (OMS-AL400/128) and Atheros AR5312 SoC. 760.It 761New port 762ews4800mips: NEC's MIPS based EWS4800 workstations. 763.It 764cobalt: added support for booting off raidframe RAID1 mirrors. 765.It 766hpcmips: added the 767.Xr teliosio 4 768driver for the Sharp Telios LCD screen and Battery unit. 769.It 770New port 771landisk: port to the SH4 processor based NAS appliances, supporting models by I-O DATA (USL-5P, HDL-U, HDL-AV, HDL-W and HDLM-U series, SuperTank LAN Tank, UHDL-160U and UHDL-300U) and Plextor PX-EH16L, PX-EH25L and PX-EH40L. 772.It 773macppc: this port has gained support to use accelerated wsdisplay drivers by default (if possible), and uses the appropriate driver rather than the Generic Open Firmware Framebuffer. 774.It 775prep: this port has been modernized, and support for five additional machines has been added, among them the IBM 7024-E20 and 7025-F30 models and Motorola Powerstack E1. Additionally, sysinst support was added, and the bootloader process was improved, allowing easy installation and upgrade to future releases. 776.It 777sparc: added support for booting off raidframe RAID1 mirrors. 778.It 779Xen: support for Xen3 domU and dom0 (Unprivileged domain and domain 0), including support for hardware virtualization on CPUs that support it. 780.bullet) 781. 782.Ss2 Kernel subsystems 783.(bullet 784Improved Firewire (IEEE1394) support imported from FreeBSD. 785.It 786The 787.Xr midi 4 788framework got a complete overhaul for better support of Active Sensing and improved handling of tempo and timebase changes. 789.It 790Added a Bluetooth protocol stack including: 791.(bullet 792hardware drivers: 793.Xr ubt 4 794for USB controllers, and 795.Xr bt3c 4 796for the 3Com Bluetooth PC-Card. 797.It 798socket based access to the HCI, L2CAP, RFCOMM and SCO protocols. 799.It 800pseudo drivers for integrating services on remote Bluetooth devices such as Keyboards, Mice and SCO Audio into the NetBSD device framework. 801.bullet) 802. 803.Pp 804See 805.Xr bluetooth 4 , 806.Xr bthset 1 807and 808.Xr btpin 1 . 809.It 810Imported the 811.Xr bio 4 812framework from OpenBSD, to query/control block hardware RAID device controllers. Currently supporting the 813.Xr mfi 4 814driver. 815.It 816Kernel uses stateful read-ahead algorithm. 817.It 818.Xr dkctl 8 819can be used to switch buffer queuing strategies on the fly on 820.Xr wd 4 821disks, see also 822.Xr bufq 9 . 823.It 824.Xr fileassoc 9 825is used by Veriexec, it adds in-kernel and file-system independent file meta-data association interface. 826.It 827.Xr firmload 9 : 828an API for loading firmware images used by various hardware devices. 829.It 830.Xr gpio 4 : 831imported General Purpose I/O framework from OpenBSD. 832.It 833.Xr onewire 4 : 834imported Dallas Semiconductor 1-wire bus framework from OpenBSD. 835.It 836The 837.Xr proplib 3 838protocol was added for sending property lists to/from the kernel using ioctls. 839.It 840.Xr spi 4 : 841new SPI (Serial Peripherial Interface) framework. 842.It 843.Xr timecounter 9 844adds a new time-keeping infrastructure along with NTP API 4 nanokernel implementation. Almost all platforms were changed to support this API. 845.It 846Start of 32bit-Linux-emulation for amd64 (COMPAT_LINUX32). 847.It 848.Xr wscons 4 849console driver supports splash screens, scrolling, progress bar for kernel and boot messages. 850.bullet) 851. 852.Pp 853Kernel interfaces have continued to be refined, and more subsystems and device drivers are shared among the different ports. You can look for this trend to continue. 854.Ss2 Security 855.(bullet 856The FAST_IPSEC IPsec implementation was extended to use hardware acceleration for IPv6, in addition to the hardware accelerated IPv4 that was available before. See 857.Xr fast_ipsec 4 858for more information. 859.It 860.Xr mprotect 2 861got restrictions to enforce W^X policies, from PaX. See 862.Xr options 4 , 863.Xr sysctl 3 , 864and 865.Xr paxctl 1 . 866.It 867GCC 4's support for stack smashing protection (SSP) was enabled by adding libssp, see 868.Xr security 8 . 869.It 870The kernel authorization framework 871.Xr kauth 9 872was added, replacing the traditional BSD credential management and privileged operation access control with an abstract layer, allowing the implementation of various security models either as part of the NetBSD distribution or as third-party LKMs. 873.Pp 874NetBSD's kernel authorization is a hybrid clean-room implementation of a similar interface developed by Apple, extending its capabilities and combining concepts of credential inheritance control. 875.bullet) 876. 877.Ss2 Userland 878.(bullet 8793rd party software updates: 880.(bullet 881BIND 9.4.1-P1 882.It 883OpenSSL 0.9.8e 884.It 885CVS 1.11.22 886.It 887OpenSSH 4.4 888.It 889gettext 0.14.4 890.It 891PF from OpenBSD 3.7 892.It 893(n)awk 20050424 894.It 895Postfix 2.4.5 896.It 897am-utils 6.1.3 898.It 899file 4.21 900.It 901zlib 1.2.3 902.It 903GNU binutils 2.16.1 904.It 905GNU groff 1.19.2 906.It 907IPFilter 4.1.23 908.It 909GNU gcc 4.1.2 prerelease 910.It 911GNU gdb 6.5 (some architectures) 912.It 913NTP 4.2.4p2 914.It 915pppd 2.4.4 916.bullet) 917. 918.It 919.Xr cdplay 1 : 920added digital transfer mode support. 921.It 922.Xr cksum 1 923can now verify checksums. 924.It 925.Xr csplit 1 : 926new utility that splits a file into pieces. From FreeBSD/OpenBSD. 927.It 928.Xr identd 1 : 929added support for forwarding ident queries and receiving of proxied ident queries. 930.It 931.Xr getent 1 : 932added support for the ethers database. 933.It 934.Xr gkermit 1 : 935new program for transferring files using the Kermit protocol. 936.It 937.Xr mail 1 : 938added support for Mime and multi-character set handling, command line editing and completion. 939.It 940.Xr utoppya 1 : 941new utility to interface to the 942.Xr utoppy 4 943driver. 944.It 945.Xr init 8 : 946added support for running multi-user in a chroot() environment. Allows / file system on e.g., 947.Xr cgd 4 , 948.Xr vnd 4 949or 950.Xr ccd 4 951volumes. 952.It 953.Xr gpt 8 : 954new GUID partition table maintenance utility, from FreeBSD. 955.It 956iSCSI target (server) code added, see 957.Xr iscsi-target 8 ; 958Initiator (client) code is underway. 959.It 960.Xr lockstat 8 : 961new command to display a summary of kernel locking events recorded over the lifetime of a called program. 962.It 963.Xr ofctl 8 : 964new command to display the OpenPROM or OpenFirmware device tree for the macppc, shark and sparc64. 965.It 966Various utilities to support Bluetooth were added: 967.(bullet 968.Xr btconfig 8 969for controller configuration. 970.It 971.Xr btdevctl 8 972to manage pseudo devices relating to remote services. 973.It 974.Xr bthcid 8 975and 976.Xr btpin 1 977for authenticating radio connections. 978.It 979.Xr sdpd 8 980for providing service discovery to remote devices. 981.It 982.Xr sdpquery 1 983for querying services on remote devices. 984.It 985.Xr rfcomm_sppd 1 986to access remote services over RFCOMM via stdio or pty. 987.It 988.Xr bthset 1 989for making connections to Bluetooth headsets. 990.bullet) 991. 992.bullet) 993. 994.Pp 995Besides this list, there have also been innumerable bug fixes and other miscellaneous enhancements of course. 996.Ss2 Components removed from NetBSD 997.Pp 998In this release of NetBSD, some software components known from previous releases were removed from the system. In some cases those were components that are not useful anymore or their utility does not justify maintenance overhead. Other components were not working properly and there was lack of interest in fixing them. 999.(bullet 1000Sushi was removed from the base system due to lack of interest and maintenance. If you really want it, it is available in the CVS repository at othersrc/usr.sbin/sushi. However, be warned that it is unmaintained and is most likely out of date. 1001.It 1002Vinum was removed due to lack of interest and maintenance. At the time of removal, it had several known serious issues (including not being compilable). RAIDframe provides similar functionality. If you were using Vinum you will need to back up your data, delete the Vinum partitions, create RAIDframe partitions, and restore your data to them. Details about RAIDframe can be found in 1003.Xr raid 4 , 1004.Xr raidctl 8 , 1005and the 1006NetBSD Guide: 1007.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/docs/guide/en/chap-rf.html . 1008.It 1009Sendmail was removed. Postfix is the MTA and provides the 1010.Xr sendmail 1 1011command line tool. Postfix has been included with NetBSD since NetBSD 1.5 was released in December 2005. Details about Postfix can be found in the 1012NetBSD Guide: 1013.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/docs/guide/en/chap-mail.html . 1014For those who need Sendmail, it is available from pkgsrc in the 1015.Pa mail/sendmail 1016and 1017.Pa mail/sendmail813 1018packages. 1019.It 1020NETCCITT and NETNS were removed due to lack of interest and maintenance. They had known serious issues (including being out of date with respect to other network code) and there were no known users at the time of their removal. Unfortunately, there is no replacement or option for them. 1021.It 1022UUCP was removed. The NetBSD improvements were merged into the pkgsrc version. For those who use UUCP tools, they are available from pkgsrc in the 1023.Pa net/uucp 1024package. The 1025.Xr cu 1 1026command is available as a frontend to 1027.Xr tip 1 . 1028.It 1029The Fortran 77 compiler ( 1030g77 1031) has been removed with the transition from GCC 3 to GCC 4, which does not include it. For those who need it, it is available from pkgsrc in the 1032.Pa lang/gcc3-f77 1033package. 1034.It 1035The evbsh5 port has been removed from NetBSD due to lack of interest, compounded by a lack of available SH5 hardware. 1036.bullet) 1037. 1038.\" END from htdocs/releases/formal-5/NetBSD-5.0.xml#major-changes } 1039.pso ../printwhatis 1040.\} \" \n[FOR_RELEASE] 1041. 1042.Ss "Features to be removed in a later release" 1043The following features are to be removed in the future from 1044.Nx 1045: 1046.(bullet 1047Support for Xen 2.0.x. The Xen-3 and hypervisor interface is diverging 1048from Xen-2 as development is ongoing, increasing the maintenance cost 1049for NetBSD. It is expected that the netbsd-5 branch will get support for 1050PCI pass-though to domUs before the Xen-2 support is removed from HEAD. 1051.Pp 1052It should be considered as deprecated. Users are expected to not rely 1053on it any more beyond this major release. 1054.Pp 1055Further, at least version 3.1 of Xen will be required to run NetBSD as 1056Dom0 or DomU. 1057.bullet) 1058. 1059.Ss "The Future of NetBSD" 1060.Pp 1061. 1062The 1063.Nx 1064Foundation has been incorporated as a non-profit 1065organization. 1066Its purpose is to encourage, foster and promote the free exchange 1067of computer software, namely the 1068.Nx 1069Operating 1070System. 1071The foundation will allow for many things to be handled more 1072smoothly than could be done with our previous informal organization. 1073In particular, it provides the framework to deal with other parties 1074that wish to become involved in the 1075.Nx 1076Project. 1077.Pp 1078The 1079.Nx 1080Foundation will help improve the quality of 1081.Nx 1082by: 1083.(bullet 1084providing better organization to keep track of development 1085efforts, including co-ordination with groups working in 1086related fields. 1087.It 1088providing a framework to receive donations of goods and 1089services and to own the resources necessary to run the 1090.Nx 1091Project. 1092.It 1093providing a better position from which to undertake 1094promotional activities. 1095.It 1096periodically organizing workshops for developers and other 1097interested people to discuss ongoing work. 1098.bullet) 1099.Pp 1100We hope to support even 1101.Em more 1102hardware in the future, and we have a 1103rather large number of other ideas about what can be done to improve 1104.Nx . 1105.Pp 1106We intend to continue our current practice of making the 1107NetBSD-current development source available on a daily basis. 1108.Pp 1109We intend to integrate free, positive changes from whatever sources 1110submit them, providing that they are well thought-out and increase the 1111usability of the system. 1112.Pp 1113Above all, we hope to create a stable and accessible system, and to be 1114responsive to the needs and desires of 1115.Nx 1116users, because it is for 1117and because of them that 1118.Nx 1119exists. 1120.br_ne 10P 1121. 1122.Ss "Sources of NetBSD" 1123.Pp 1124. 1125Refer to 1126.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/mirrors/. 1127.br_ne 10P 1128. 1129.Ss "NetBSD \*V Release Contents 1130.Pp 1131. 1132The root directory of the 1133.Nx 1134\*V release is organized as follows: 1135.ie \n[FOR_RELEASE] \{\ 1136.Pp 1137.Pa .../NetBSD-\*V/ 1138.(tag README.files 1139.It Li CHANGES 1140Changes between 1141.Nx 11424.0 and branching 5.0. 1143.It Li CHANGES-5.0 1144Changes since 1145.Nx 11465.0 was branched. 1147.It Li CHANGES.prev 1148Changes in earlier 1149.Nx 1150releases. 1151.It Li LAST_MINUTE 1152Last minute changes. 1153.It Li MIRRORS 1154A list of sites that mirror the 1155.Nx 1156\*V distribution. 1157.It Li README.files 1158README describing the distribution's contents. 1159.It Li TODO 1160.Nx Ns 's 1161todo list (also somewhat incomplete and out of date). 1162.It Pa patches/ 1163Post-release source code patches. 1164.It Pa source/ 1165Source distribution sets; see below. 1166.tag) 1167.Pp 1168In addition to the files and directories listed above, there is one 1169directory per architecture, for each of the architectures for which 1170.Nx 1171\*V has a binary distribution. 1172.Pp 1173The source distribution sets can be found in subdirectories of the 1174.Pa source 1175subdirectory of the distribution tree. 1176They contain the complete sources to the system. 1177The source distribution sets are as follows: 1178.(tag sharesrc 1179.It Sy gnusrc 1180This set contains the 1181.Dq gnu 1182sources, including the source for the compiler, assembler, groff, 1183and the other GNU utilities in the binary distribution sets. 1184.showsize 95 484 1185.It Sy sharesrc 1186This set contains the 1187.Dq share 1188sources, which include the sources for the man pages not associated 1189with any particular program; the sources for the typesettable document 1190set; the dictionaries; and more. 1191.showsize 6 25 1192.It Sy src 1193This set contains all of the base 1194.Nx 1195\*V sources which are not in 1196.Sy gnusrc , 1197.Sy sharesrc , 1198or 1199.Sy syssrc . 1200.showsize 45 214 1201.It Sy syssrc 1202This set contains the sources to the 1203.Nx 1204\*V kernel for all architectures; 1205.Xr config 1 ; 1206and 1207.Xr dbsym 8 . 1208.showsize 33 165 1209.It Sy xsrc 1210This set contains the sources to the X Window System. 1211.showsize 95 502 1212.tag) 1213.Pp 1214All the above source sets are located in the 1215.Pa source/sets 1216subdirectory of the distribution tree. 1217.Pp 1218The source sets are distributed as compressed tar files. 1219Except for the 1220.Sy pkgsrc 1221set, which is traditionally unpacked into 1222.Pa /usr/pkgsrc , 1223all sets may be unpacked into 1224.Pa /usr/src 1225with the command: 1226.Dl # Ic "cd / ; tar -zxpf set_name.tgz" 1227.Pp 1228In each of the source distribution set directories, there are 1229files which contain the checksums of the files in the directory: 1230.(tag SYSVSUM -offset indent 1231.It Li BSDSUM 1232Historic 1233.Bx 1234checksums for the various files 1235in that directory, in the format produced by the command: 1236.br 1237.Ic cksum -o 1 Ar file . 1238.It Li CKSUM 1239.Tn POSIX 1240checksums for the various files in that 1241directory, in the format produced by the command: 1242.br 1243.Ic cksum Ar file . 1244.It Li MD5 1245.Tn MD5 1246digests for the various files in that 1247directory, in the format produced by the command: 1248.br 1249.Ic cksum -a MD5 Ar file . 1250.It Li SHA512 1251.Tn SHA512 1252digests for the various files in that 1253directory, in the format produced by the command: 1254.br 1255.Ic cksum -a SHA512 Ar file . 1256.It Li SYSVSUM 1257Historic AT\*[Am]T System V 1258.Ux 1259checksums for the various files in that directory, in the format produced by 1260the command: 1261.br 1262.Ic cksum -o 2 Ar file . 1263.tag) 1264.Pp 1265The SHA512 digest is the safest checksum, followed by the MD5 digest, 1266and finally the POSIX checksum. 1267The other two checksums are provided only to ensure 1268that the widest possible range of systems can check the integrity 1269of the release files. 1270.\} 1271.el \{\ 1272.Pp 1273.Pa \&.../NetBSD-current/tar_files/ 1274.(item -compact -offset indent 1275.Pa pkgsrc.tar.gz 1276.It 1277.Pa src/*.tar.gz 1278.It 1279.Pa xsrc/*.tar.gz 1280.item) 1281.Pp 1282Other directories provide unpacked source trees e.g. for distribution via 1283the the software update protocol (SUP) or the 1284concurrent version system (CVS). For more information see: 1285.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/mirrors/ 1286.\} 1287. 1288. 1289.so ../common/contents ----------------------------------------------- 1290. 1291. 1292.(Note 1293Each directory in the \*M binary distribution also has its 1294own checksum files, just as the source distribution does. 1295.Note) 1296.br_ne 7P 1297. 1298.Ss "NetBSD/\*M System Requirements and Supported Devices" 1299. 1300.so hardware ----------------------------------------------- 1301.br_ne 7P 1302. 1303.if \n[xen] \{.Ss "Installation options" 1304.br_ne 7P 1305. 1306.so instopt ----------------------------------------------- 1307.\} 1308. 1309.Ss "Getting the NetBSD System on to Useful Media" 1310. 1311.so xfer ----------------------------------------------- 1312.br_ne 7P 1313. 1314.Ss "Preparing your System for NetBSD installation" 1315. 1316.so prep ----------------------------------------------- 1317.br_ne 7P 1318. 1319.ie \n[mac68k] .Ss "Installing the NetBSD System (Sysinst Method)" 1320.el .Ss "Installing the NetBSD System" 1321. 1322.so install ----------------------------------------------- 1323.br_ne 7P 1324. 1325.Ss "Post installation steps" 1326. 1327.so ../common/postinstall ----------------------------------------------- 1328.br_ne 7P 1329. 1330.Ss "Upgrading a previously-installed NetBSD System" 1331. 1332.so upgrade ----------------------------------------------- 1333.br_ne 7P 1334. 1335.Ss "Compatibility Issues With Previous NetBSD Releases" 1336.Pp 1337. 1338Users upgrading from previous versions of 1339.Nx 1340may wish to bear the 1341following problems and compatibility issues in mind when upgrading to 1342.Nx 1343\*V. 1344.Pp 1345N.B. when using 1346.Ic sysinst 1347for upgrading, it will automatically invoke 1348.(disp 1349postinstall fix 1350.disp) 1351and thus all issues that are fixed by 1352.Ic postinstall 1353by default (see below) will be handled. 1354. 1355.Ss2 Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 2.1 and older releases. 1356See the sections below on upgrading from NetBSD 3.x and upgrading from 1357NetBSD 4.x as well. 1358.Pp 1359It is 1360.Sy very important 1361that you populate the directory 1362.Pa /etc/pam.d 1363with appropriate configuration files for Pluggable Authentication Modules 1364(PAM) because you will not be able to login any more otherwise. Using 1365.Em postinstall 1366as described below will take care of this. Please refer to 1367.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/docs/guide/en/chap-pam.html 1368for documentation about PAM. 1369.Pp 1370The following issues can generally be resolved by running 1371.Em postinstall 1372with the 1373.Sy etc 1374set : 1375.(disp 1376postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz check 1377postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix 1378.disp) 1379.Pp 1380Issues fixed by 1381.Em postinstall : 1382.(bullet -offset indent 1383Various files in 1384.Pa /etc 1385need upgrading. 1386These include: 1387.(bullet -compact -offset indent 1388.Pa /etc/defaults/* 1389.It 1390.Pa /etc/mtree/* 1391.It 1392.Pa /etc/pam.d/* 1393.It 1394.Pa /etc/daily 1395.It 1396.Pa /etc/weekly 1397.It 1398.Pa /etc/monthly 1399.It 1400.Pa /etc/security 1401.It 1402.Pa /etc/rc.subr 1403.It 1404.Pa /etc/rc 1405.It 1406.Pa /etc/rc.shutdown 1407.It 1408.Pa /etc/rc.d/* 1409.bullet) 1410.bullet) 1411. 1412.Pp 1413The following issues need to be resolved manually: 1414. 1415.(bullet -offset indent 1416The user 1417.Sq _pflogd 1418and the groups 1419.Sq _pflogd 1420and 1421.Sq authpf 1422need to be created. 1423.bullet) 1424. 1425.Ss2 Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 3.x releases. 1426See the section below on upgrading from NetBSD 4.x as well. 1427.Pp 1428The following issues can generally be resolved by running 1429.Em postinstall 1430with the 1431.Sy etc 1432set : 1433.(disp 1434postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz check 1435postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix 1436.disp) 1437.Pp 1438Issues fixed by 1439.Em postinstall : 1440.(bullet -offset indent 1441Various files in 1442.Pa /etc 1443need upgrading. 1444These include: 1445.(bullet -compact -offset indent 1446.Pa /etc/defaults/* 1447.It 1448.Pa /etc/mtree/* 1449.It 1450.Pa /etc/daily 1451.It 1452.Pa /etc/weekly 1453.It 1454.Pa /etc/monthly 1455.It 1456.Pa /etc/security 1457.It 1458.Pa /etc/rc.subr 1459.It 1460.Pa /etc/rc 1461.It 1462.Pa /etc/rc.shutdown 1463.It 1464.Pa /etc/rc.d/* 1465.It 1466.Pa /etc/envsys.conf 1467.bullet) 1468.bullet) 1469. 1470.Pp 1471The following issues need to be resolved manually: 1472. 1473.(bullet -offset indent 1474The users 1475.Sq _proxy , 1476.Sq _rwhod , 1477and 1478.Sq _sdpd 1479and the groups 1480.Sq _proxy , 1481.Sq _rwhod 1482and 1483.Sq _sdpd 1484need to be created and the user 1485.Sq uucp 1486needs to be updated. 1487.It 1488A number of things have been removed from the 1489.Nx 1490\*V release 1491including: the evbsh5 port, the Fortran 77 compiler (g77), NETCCITT, 1492NETNS, Sendmail, Sushi, UUCP, and Vinum. If you were using any of these, 1493then please see the "Components removed from NetBSD" section near the 1494beginning of this document. 1495.It 1496The replacement of Sendmail by Postfix can be handled automatically by 1497.Em postinstall 1498but it is not done by default. 1499If you want to transition to Postfix, the command 1500.(disp 1501postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix mailerconf 1502.disp) 1503will update your 1504.Pa /etc/mailer.conf 1505file to use Postfix as the MTA. When using 1506.Ic sysinst 1507to upgrade the system, it will ask if you want this to be done. 1508.Pp 1509Note that if you have a customized 1510Sendmail setup, you need to set up Postfix in an equivalent way; there 1511is no tool for automatic conversion of Sendmail configuration to a 1512Postfix one. 1513.Pp 1514Postfix will be started up automatically when the system boots. 1515You may see messages like "$sendmail is not set properly" at boot. 1516You can suppress them by removing 1517.Pa /etc/rc.d/sendmail 1518and 1519.Pa /etc/rc.d/smmsp . 1520Those files and other parts of sendmail configuration like files under 1521.Pa /usr/share/sendmail 1522are not removed by default 1523while upgrading for those who want to continue using sendmail from 1524outside the base system. 1525If you want to delete them, 1526.Em postinstall 1527can be used: 1528.(disp 1529postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix sendmail 1530.disp) 1531.bullet) 1532. 1533.Ss2 Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 4.x releases. 1534.Pp 1535The following issues can generally be resolved by running 1536.Em postinstall 1537with the 1538.Sy etc 1539set : 1540.(disp 1541postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz check 1542postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix 1543.disp) 1544.Pp 1545Issues fixed by 1546.Em postinstall : 1547.(bullet -offset indent 1548Various files in 1549.Pa /etc 1550need upgrading. 1551These include: 1552.(bullet -compact -offset indent 1553.Pa /etc/defaults/* 1554.It 1555.Pa /etc/mtree/* 1556.It 1557.Pa /etc/daily 1558.It 1559.Pa /etc/weekly 1560.It 1561.Pa /etc/monthly 1562.It 1563.Pa /etc/security 1564.It 1565.Pa /etc/rc.subr 1566.It 1567.Pa /etc/rc 1568.It 1569.Pa /etc/rc.shutdown 1570.It 1571.Pa /etc/rc.d/* 1572.It 1573.Pa /etc/envsys.conf 1574.bullet) 1575.bullet) 1576. 1577.Pp 1578The following issues need to be resolved manually: 1579. 1580.(bullet -offset indent 1581The users 1582.Sq _httpd 1583and 1584.Sq _timedc 1585and the groups 1586.Sq _httpd , 1587.Sq _timedc 1588need to be created. 1589.It 1590A number of things have been removed from the 1591.Nx 1592\*V release 1593including: the pc532 port. 1594If you were using any of these, 1595then please see the "Components removed from NetBSD" section near the 1596beginning of this document. 1597.bullet) 1598. 1599.Ss "Using online NetBSD documentation" 1600.Pp 1601Documentation is available if you first install the manual 1602distribution set. 1603Traditionally, the 1604.Dq man pages 1605(documentation) are denoted by 1606.Sq Li name(section) . 1607Some examples of this are 1608.Pp 1609.(bullet -compact -offset indent 1610.Xr intro 1 , 1611.It 1612.Xr man 1 , 1613.It 1614.Xr apropros 1 , 1615.It 1616.Xr passwd 1 , 1617and 1618.It 1619.Xr passwd 5 . 1620.bullet) 1621.Pp 1622The section numbers group the topics into several categories, but three 1623are of primary interest: user commands are in section 1, file formats 1624are in section 5, and administrative information is in section 8. 1625.Pp 1626.No The Em man 1627command is used to view the documentation on a topic, and is 1628started by entering 1629.Ic man Op Ar section 1630.Ar topic . 1631The brackets 1632.Op \& 1633around the 1634section should not be entered, but rather indicate that the section is 1635optional. 1636If you don't ask for a particular section, the topic with the 1637lowest numbered section name will be displayed. 1638For instance, after logging in, enter 1639.Pp 1640.Dl # Ic "man passwd" 1641.Pp 1642to read the documentation for 1643.Xr passwd 1 . 1644To view the documentation for 1645.Xr passwd 5 , 1646enter 1647.Pp 1648.Dl # Ic "man 5 passwd" 1649.Pp 1650instead. 1651.Pp 1652If you are unsure of what man page you are looking for, enter 1653.Pp 1654.Dl # Ic apropos Ar subject-word 1655.Pp 1656where 1657.Ar subject-word 1658is your topic of interest; a list of possibly 1659related man pages will be displayed. 1660. 1661.Ss Administrivia 1662.Pp 1663. 1664If you've got something to say, do so! 1665We'd like your input. 1666There are various mailing lists available via the mailing list 1667server at 1668.Mt majordomo@NetBSD.org . 1669To get help on using the mailing 1670list server, send mail to that address with an empty body, and it will 1671reply with instructions. 1672.Pp 1673There are various mailing lists set up to deal with comments and 1674questions about this release. 1675Please send comments to: 1676.Mt netbsd-comments@NetBSD.org . 1677.Pp 1678To report bugs, use the 1679.Xr send-pr 1 1680command shipped with 1681.Nx , 1682and fill in as much information about the problem as you can. 1683Good bug reports include lots of details. 1684Additionally, bug reports can be sent by mail to: 1685.Mt netbsd-bugs@NetBSD.org . 1686.Pp 1687Use of 1688.Xr send-pr 1 1689is encouraged, however, because bugs reported with it 1690are entered into the 1691.Nx 1692bugs database, and thus can't slip through 1693the cracks. 1694.Pp 1695There are also port-specific mailing lists, to discuss aspects of 1696each port of 1697.Nx . 1698Use majordomo to find their addresses, or visit 1699.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/mailinglists/ . 1700If 1701you're interested in doing a serious amount of work on a specific 1702port, you probably should contact the 1703.Sq owner 1704of that port (listed 1705below). 1706.Pp 1707If you'd like to help with this effort, and have an idea as to how 1708you could be useful, send us mail or subscribe to: 1709.Mt netbsd-users@NetBSD.org . 1710.Pp 1711As a favor, please avoid mailing huge documents or files to these 1712mailing lists. 1713Instead, put the material you would have sent up for FTP or WWW somewhere, 1714then mail the appropriate list about it, or, if you'd rather not do that, 1715mail the list saying you'll send the data to those who want it. 1716. 1717.Ss Thanks go to 1718. 1719.(bullet 1720The former members of UCB's Computer Systems Research Group, 1721including (but not limited to): 1722.Bd -unfilled -offset indent 1723Keith Bostic 1724Ralph Campbell 1725Mike Karels 1726Marshall Kirk McKusick 1727.Ed 1728.Pp 1729for their ongoing work on 1730.Bx 1731systems, support, and encouragement. 1732.It 1733The Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. for hosting the 1734.Nx 1735FTP, CVS, AnonCVS, mail, mail archive, GNATS, SUP, Rsync and WWW servers. 1736.It 1737The Internet Research Institute in Japan for hosting the server 1738which runs the CVSweb interface to the 1739.Nx 1740source tree. 1741.It 1742The Lule\[oa] Academic Computer Society for providing the backup 1743services server. 1744.It 1745The Columbia University Computer Science Department for hosting 1746the NYC build cluster. 1747.It 1748The Western Washington University Computer Science Department 1749for running the WWU build cluster that produces daily snapshots. 1750.It 1751The many organizations that provide 1752.Nx 1753mirror sites. 1754.It 1755Without CVS, this project would be impossible to manage, so our hats 1756go off to Brian Berliner, Jeff Polk, and the various other people 1757who've had a hand in making CVS a useful tool. 1758.It 1759We list the individuals and organizations 1760that have made donations or loans of hardware and/or money, to support 1761.Nx 1762development, and deserve credit for it at 1763.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/donations/. 1764(If you're not on that list and should be, tell us! 1765We probably were not able to get in touch with you, to verify that you 1766wanted to be listed.) 1767.It 1768Finally, we thank all of the people who've put sweat and tears into 1769developing 1770.Nx 1771since its inception in January, 1993. 1772(Obviously, there are a lot more people who deserve thanks here. 1773If you're one of them, and would like to be mentioned, tell us!) 1774.bullet) 1775. 1776.Ss "We are..." 1777. 1778.Pp 1779(in alphabetical order) 1780.Pp 1781. 1782. 1783.Bl -column xxx "Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino" ".Mt sommerfeld@NetBSD.org" ".Sy playstation2" 1784. 1785.br_ne 1i 1786.It Em "The NetBSD core group:" 1787.It Ta Ta 1788.It Ta Alistair Crooks Ta Mt agc@NetBSD.org 1789.It Ta Quentin Garnier Ta Mt cube@NetBSD.org 1790.It Ta Matt Thomas Ta Mt matt@NetBSD.org 1791.It Ta YAMAMOTO Takashi Ta Mt yamt@NetBSD.org 1792.It Ta Christos Zoulas Ta Mt christos@NetBSD.org 1793.It Ta Ta 1794. 1795.br_ne 2i 1796.It Em "The portmasters (and their ports):" 1797.\" 1798.\" XXX created by list-portmasters.pl 1799.\" 1800.It Ta Erik Berls Ta Mt cyber@NetBSD.org Ta Sy cobalt 1801.It Ta Manuel Bouyer Ta Mt bouyer@NetBSD.org Ta Sy xen 1802.It Ta Simon Burge Ta Mt simonb@NetBSD.org Ta Sy evbmips 1803.It Ta Simon Burge Ta Mt simonb@NetBSD.org Ta Sy pmax 1804.It Ta Simon Burge Ta Mt simonb@NetBSD.org Ta Sy sbmips 1805.It Ta Julian Coleman Ta Mt jdc@NetBSD.org Ta Sy atari 1806.It Ta Marcus Comstedt Ta Mt marcus@NetBSD.org Ta Sy dreamcast 1807.It Ta Andrew Doran Ta Mt ad@NetBSD.org Ta Sy amd64 1808.It Ta Andrew Doran Ta Mt ad@NetBSD.org Ta Sy i386 1809.It Ta Matthias Drochner Ta Mt drochner@NetBSD.org Ta Sy cesfic 1810.It Ta Gavan Fantom Ta Mt gavan@NetBSD.org Ta Sy iyonix 1811.It Ta Jaime A Fournier Ta Mt ober@NetBSD.org Ta Sy zaurus 1812.It Ta Matt Fredette Ta Mt fredette@NetBSD.org Ta Sy sun2 1813.It Ta Ichiro FUKUHARA Ta Mt ichiro@NetBSD.org Ta Sy hpcarm 1814.It Ta Chris Gilbert Ta Mt chris@NetBSD.org Ta Sy cats 1815.It Ta Ben Harris Ta Mt bjh21@NetBSD.org Ta Sy acorn26 1816.It Ta Ross Harvey Ta Mt ross@NetBSD.org Ta Sy alpha 1817.It Ta Nick Hudson Ta Mt skrll@NetBSD.org Ta Sy hp700 1818.It Ta Martin Husemann Ta Mt martin@NetBSD.org Ta Sy sparc64 1819.It Ta IWAMOTO Toshihiro Ta Mt toshii@NetBSD.org Ta Sy hpcarm 1820.It Ta Darrin Jewell Ta Mt dbj@NetBSD.org Ta Sy next68k 1821.It Ta S\(/oren J\(/orvang Ta Mt soren@NetBSD.org Ta Sy sgimips 1822.It Ta Wayne Knowles Ta Mt wdk@NetBSD.org Ta Sy mipsco 1823.It Ta Takayoshi Kochi Ta Mt kochi@NetBSD.org Ta Sy ia64 1824.It Ta Paul Kranenburg Ta Mt pk@NetBSD.org Ta Sy sparc 1825.It Ta Michael Lorenz Ta Mt macallan@NetBSD.org Ta Sy macppc 1826.It Ta Anders Magnusson Ta Mt ragge@NetBSD.org Ta Sy vax 1827.It Ta Cherry G. Mathew Ta Mt cherry@NetBSD.org Ta Sy ia64 1828.It Ta NISHIMURA Takeshi Ta Mt nsmrtks@NetBSD.org Ta Sy x68k 1829.It Ta Tohru Nishimura Ta Mt nisimura@NetBSD.org Ta Sy luna68k 1830.It Ta Tohru Nishimura Ta Mt nisimura@NetBSD.org Ta Sy sandpoint 1831.It Ta Andrey Petrov Ta Mt petrov@NetBSD.org Ta Sy sparc64 1832.It Ta Scott Reynolds Ta Mt scottr@NetBSD.org Ta Sy mac68k 1833.It Ta Tim Rightnour Ta Mt garbled@NetBSD.org Ta Sy ofppc 1834.It Ta Tim Rightnour Ta Mt garbled@NetBSD.org Ta Sy prep 1835.It Ta Tim Rightnour Ta Mt garbled@NetBSD.org Ta Sy rs6000 1836.It Ta Noriyuki Soda Ta Mt soda@NetBSD.org Ta Sy arc 1837.It Ta Ignatios Souvatzis Ta Mt is@NetBSD.org Ta Sy amiga 1838.It Ta Jonathan Stone Ta Mt jonathan@NetBSD.org Ta Sy pmax 1839.It Ta Shin Takemura Ta Mt takemura@NetBSD.org Ta Sy hpcmips 1840.It Ta Matt Thomas Ta Mt matt@NetBSD.org Ta Sy alpha 1841.It Ta Matt Thomas Ta Mt matt@NetBSD.org Ta Sy netwinder 1842.It Ta Jason Thorpe Ta Mt thorpej@NetBSD.org Ta Sy algor 1843.It Ta Jason Thorpe Ta Mt thorpej@NetBSD.org Ta Sy evbarm 1844.It Ta Jason Thorpe Ta Mt thorpej@NetBSD.org Ta Sy shark 1845.It Ta Izumi Tsutsui Ta Mt tsutsui@NetBSD.org Ta Sy ews4800mips 1846.It Ta Izumi Tsutsui Ta Mt tsutsui@NetBSD.org Ta Sy hp300 1847.It Ta Izumi Tsutsui Ta Mt tsutsui@NetBSD.org Ta Sy news68k 1848.It Ta Valeriy E. Ushakov Ta Mt uwe@NetBSD.org Ta Sy landisk 1849.It Ta Nathan Williams Ta Mt nathanw@NetBSD.org Ta Sy sun3 1850.It Ta Steve Woodford Ta Mt scw@NetBSD.org Ta Sy evbppc 1851.It Ta Steve Woodford Ta Mt scw@NetBSD.org Ta Sy mvme68k 1852.It Ta Steve Woodford Ta Mt scw@NetBSD.org Ta Sy mvmeppc 1853.It Ta Reinoud Zandijk Ta Mt reinoud@NetBSD.org Ta Sy acorn32 1854.It Ta Ta Ta 1855. 1856.br_ne 1i 1857.It Em "The NetBSD \*V Release Engineering team:" 1858.It Ta Ta 1859.It Ta Grant Beattie Ta Mt grant@NetBSD.org 1860.It Ta Manuel Bouyer Ta Mt bouyer@NetBSD.org 1861.It Ta David Brownlee Ta Mt abs@NetBSD.org 1862.It Ta James Chacon Ta Mt jmc@NetBSD.org 1863.It Ta Julian Coleman Ta Mt jdc@NetBSD.org 1864.It Ta H\(oavard Eidnes Ta Mt he@NetBSD.org 1865.It Ta Liam J. Foy Ta Mt liamjfoy@NetBSD.org 1866.It Ta John Heasley Ta Mt heas@NetBSD.org 1867.It Ta Geert Hendrickx Ta Mt ghen@NetBSD.org 1868.It Ta Soren Jacobsen Ta Mt snj@NetBSD.org 1869.It Ta Daniel de Kok Ta Mt daniel@NetBSD.org 1870.It Ta Phil Nelson Ta Mt phil@NetBSD.org 1871.It Ta Jeff Rizzo Ta Mt riz@NetBSD.org 1872.It Ta Ta 1873. 1874.br_ne 2i 1875.It Em "NetBSD Developers:" 1876.\" 1877.\" Please keep in alphabetical order 1878.\" 1879.It Ta Ta 1880.It Ta Nathan Ahlstrom Ta Mt nra@NetBSD.org 1881.It Ta Steve Allen Ta Mt wormey@NetBSD.org 1882.It Ta Jukka Andberg Ta Mt jandberg@NetBSD.org 1883.It Ta Julian Assange Ta Mt proff@NetBSD.org 1884.It Ta Lennart Augustsson Ta Mt augustss@NetBSD.org 1885.It Ta Christoph Badura Ta Mt bad@NetBSD.org 1886.It Ta Bang Jun-Young Ta Mt junyoung@NetBSD.org 1887.It Ta Dieter Baron Ta Mt dillo@NetBSD.org 1888.It Ta Robert V. Baron Ta Mt rvb@NetBSD.org 1889.It Ta Alan Barrett Ta Mt apb@NetBSD.org 1890.It Ta Grant Beattie Ta Mt grant@NetBSD.org 1891.It Ta Jason Beegan Ta Mt jtb@NetBSD.org 1892.It Ta Erik Berls Ta Mt cyber@NetBSD.org 1893.It Ta Hiroyuki Bessho Ta Mt bsh@NetBSD.org 1894.It Ta John Birrell Ta Mt jb@NetBSD.org 1895.It Ta Mason Loring Bliss Ta Mt mason@NetBSD.org 1896.It Ta Charles Blundell Ta Mt cb@NetBSD.org 1897.It Ta Rafal Boni Ta Mt rafal@NetBSD.org 1898.It Ta Stephen Borrill Ta Mt sborrill@NetBSD.org 1899.It Ta Sean Boudreau Ta Mt seanb@NetBSD.org 1900.It Ta Manuel Bouyer Ta Mt bouyer@NetBSD.org 1901.It Ta John Brezak Ta Mt brezak@NetBSD.org 1902.It Ta Allen Briggs Ta Mt briggs@NetBSD.org 1903.It Ta Mark Brinicombe Ta Mt mark@NetBSD.org 1904.It Ta Aaron Brown Ta Mt abrown@NetBSD.org 1905.It Ta Andrew Brown Ta Mt atatat@NetBSD.org 1906.It Ta David Brownlee Ta Mt abs@NetBSD.org 1907.It Ta Frederick Bruckman Ta Mt fredb@NetBSD.org 1908.It Ta Jon Buller Ta Mt jonb@NetBSD.org 1909.It Ta Simon Burge Ta Mt simonb@NetBSD.org 1910.It Ta Robert Byrnes Ta Mt byrnes@NetBSD.org 1911.It Ta Pavel Cahyna Ta Mt pavel@NetBSD.org 1912.It Ta D'Arcy J.M. Cain Ta Mt darcy@NetBSD.org 1913.It Ta Daniel Carosone Ta Mt dan@NetBSD.org 1914.It Ta Dave Carrel Ta Mt carrel@NetBSD.org 1915.It Ta James Chacon Ta Mt jmc@NetBSD.org 1916.It Ta Mihai Chelaru Ta Mt kefren@NetBSD.org 1917.It Ta Bill Coldwell Ta Mt billc@NetBSD.org 1918.It Ta Julian Coleman Ta Mt jdc@NetBSD.org 1919.It Ta Ben Collver Ta Mt ben@NetBSD.org 1920.It Ta Marcus Comstedt Ta Mt marcus@NetBSD.org 1921.It Ta Jeremy Cooper Ta Mt jeremy@NetBSD.org 1922.It Ta Chuck Cranor Ta Mt chuck@NetBSD.org 1923.It Ta Alistair Crooks Ta Mt agc@NetBSD.org 1924.It Ta Aidan Cully Ta Mt aidan@NetBSD.org 1925.It Ta Garrett D'Amore Ta Mt gdamore@NetBSD.org 1926.It Ta Johan Danielsson Ta Mt joda@NetBSD.org 1927.It Ta John Darrow Ta Mt jdarrow@NetBSD.org 1928.It Ta Jed Davis Ta Mt jld@NetBSD.org 1929.It Ta Matt DeBergalis Ta Mt deberg@NetBSD.org 1930.It Ta Arnaud Degroote Ta Mt degroote@NetBSD.org 1931.It Ta Rob Deker Ta Mt deker@NetBSD.org 1932.It Ta Chris G. Demetriou Ta Mt cgd@NetBSD.org 1933.It Ta Tracy Di Marco White Ta Mt gendalia@NetBSD.org 1934.It Ta Jarom\('ir Dolecek Ta Mt jdolecek@NetBSD.org 1935.It Ta Andy Doran Ta Mt ad@NetBSD.org 1936.It Ta Roland Dowdeswell Ta Mt elric@NetBSD.org 1937.It Ta Emmanuel Dreyfus Ta Mt manu@NetBSD.org 1938.It Ta Matthias Drochner Ta Mt drochner@NetBSD.org 1939.It Ta Jun Ebihara Ta Mt jun@NetBSD.org 1940.It Ta H\(oavard Eidnes Ta Mt he@NetBSD.org 1941.It Ta Jaime A Fournier Ta Mt ober@NetBSD.org 1942.It Ta Stoned Elipot Ta Mt seb@NetBSD.org 1943.It Ta Michael van Elst Ta Mt mlelstv@NetBSD.org 1944.It Ta Enami Tsugutomo Ta Mt enami@NetBSD.org 1945.It Ta Bernd Ernesti Ta Mt veego@NetBSD.org 1946.It Ta Erik Fair Ta Mt fair@NetBSD.org 1947.It Ta Gavan Fantom Ta Mt gavan@NetBSD.org 1948.It Ta Hauke Fath Ta Mt hauke@NetBSD.org 1949.It Ta Hubert Feyrer Ta Mt hubertf@NetBSD.org 1950.It Ta Jason R. Fink Ta Mt jrf@NetBSD.org 1951.It Ta Matt J. Fleming Ta Mt mjf@NetBSD.org 1952.It Ta Marty Fouts Ta Mt marty@NetBSD.org 1953.It Ta Liam J. Foy Ta Mt liamjfoy@NetBSD.org 1954.It Ta Matt Fredette Ta Mt fredette@NetBSD.org 1955.It Ta Thorsten Frueauf Ta Mt frueauf@NetBSD.org 1956.It Ta Castor Fu Ta Mt castor@NetBSD.org 1957.It Ta Ichiro Fukuhara Ta Mt ichiro@NetBSD.org 1958.It Ta Quentin Garnier Ta Mt cube@NetBSD.org 1959.It Ta Thomas Gerner Ta Mt thomas@NetBSD.org 1960.It Ta Simon J. Gerraty Ta Mt sjg@NetBSD.org 1961.It Ta Justin Gibbs Ta Mt gibbs@NetBSD.org 1962.It Ta Chris Gilbert Ta Mt chris@NetBSD.org 1963.It Ta Eric Gillespie Ta Mt epg@NetBSD.org 1964.It Ta Brian Ginsbach Ta Mt ginsbach@NetBSD.org 1965.It Ta Paul Goyette Ta Mt pgoyette@NetBSD.org 1966.It Ta Michael Graff Ta Mt explorer@NetBSD.org 1967.It Ta Brian C. Grayson Ta Mt bgrayson@NetBSD.org 1968.It Ta Matthew Green Ta Mt mrg@NetBSD.org 1969.It Ta Andreas Gustafsson Ta Mt gson@NetBSD.org 1970.It Ta Ulrich Habel Ta Mt rhaen@NetBSD.org 1971.It Ta Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino Ta Mt itojun@NetBSD.org 1972.It Ta HAMAJIMA Katsuomi Ta Mt hamajima@NetBSD.org 1973.It Ta Adam Hamsik Ta Mt haad@NetBSD.org 1974.It Ta Juergen Hannken-Illjes Ta Mt hannken@NetBSD.org 1975.It Ta Charles M. Hannum Ta Mt mycroft@NetBSD.org 1976.It Ta Ben Harris Ta Mt bjh21@NetBSD.org 1977.It Ta Ross Harvey Ta Mt ross@NetBSD.org 1978.It Ta Eric Haszlakiewicz Ta Mt erh@NetBSD.org 1979.It Ta John Hawkinson Ta Mt jhawk@NetBSD.org 1980.It Ta HAYAKAWA Koichi Ta Mt haya@NetBSD.org 1981.It Ta John Heasley Ta Mt heas@NetBSD.org 1982.It Ta Geert Hendrickx Ta Mt ghen@NetBSD.org 1983.It Ta Ren\('e Hexel Ta Mt rh@NetBSD.org 1984.It Ta Iain Hibbert Ta Mt plunky@NetBSD.org 1985.It Ta Kouichirou Hiratsuka Ta Mt hira@NetBSD.org 1986.It Ta Michael L. Hitch Ta Mt mhitch@NetBSD.org 1987.It Ta \('Ad\('am H\('oka Ta Mt ahoka@NetBSD.org 1988.It Ta Jachym Holecek Ta Mt freza@NetBSD.org 1989.It Ta David A. Holland Ta Mt dholland@NetBSD.org 1990.It Ta Christian E. Hopps Ta Mt chopps@NetBSD.org 1991.It Ta Ken Hornstein Ta Mt kenh@NetBSD.org 1992.It Ta Marc Horowitz Ta Mt marc@NetBSD.org 1993.It Ta Eduardo Horvath Ta Mt eeh@NetBSD.org 1994.It Ta Nick Hudson Ta Mt skrll@NetBSD.org 1995.It Ta Shell Hung Ta Mt shell@NetBSD.org 1996.It Ta Martin Husemann Ta Mt martin@NetBSD.org 1997.It Ta Dean Huxley Ta Mt dean@NetBSD.org 1998.It Ta Love H\(:ornquist \(oAstrand Ta Mt lha@NetBSD.org 1999.It Ta Roland Illig Ta Mt rillig@NetBSD.org 2000.It Ta Bernardo Innocenti Ta Mt bernie@NetBSD.org 2001.It Ta Tetsuya Isaki Ta Mt isaki@NetBSD.org 2002.It Ta ITOH Yasufumi Ta Mt itohy@NetBSD.org 2003.It Ta IWAMOTO Toshihiro Ta Mt toshii@NetBSD.org 2004.It Ta Matthew Jacob Ta Mt mjacob@NetBSD.org 2005.It Ta Soren Jacobsen Ta Mt snj@NetBSD.org 2006.It Ta Lonhyn T. Jasinskyj Ta Mt lonhyn@NetBSD.org 2007.It Ta Darrin Jewell Ta Mt dbj@NetBSD.org 2008.It Ta Nicolas Joly Ta Mt njoly@NetBSD.org 2009.It Ta Chris Jones Ta Mt cjones@NetBSD.org 2010.It Ta S\(/oren J\(/orvang Ta Mt soren@NetBSD.org 2011.It Ta Takahiro Kambe Ta Mt taca@NetBSD.org 2012.It Ta Masanori Kanaoka Ta Mt kanaoka@NetBSD.org 2013.It Ta Antti Kantee Ta Mt pooka@NetBSD.org 2014.It Ta Frank Kardel Ta Mt kardel@NetBSD.org 2015.It Ta Mattias Karlsson Ta Mt keihan@NetBSD.org 2016.It Ta KAWAMOTO Yosihisa Ta Mt kawamoto@NetBSD.org 2017.It Ta Mario Kemper Ta Mt magick@NetBSD.org 2018.It Ta Min Sik Kim Ta Mt minskim@NetBSD.org 2019.It Ta Thomas Klausner Ta Mt wiz@NetBSD.org 2020.It Ta Klaus Klein Ta Mt kleink@NetBSD.org 2021.It Ta John Klos Ta Mt jklos@NetBSD.org 2022.It Ta Wayne Knowles Ta Mt wdk@NetBSD.org 2023.It Ta Takayoshi Kochi Ta Mt kochi@NetBSD.org 2024.It Ta John Kohl Ta Mt jtk@NetBSD.org 2025.It Ta Daniel de Kok Ta Mt daniel@NetBSD.org 2026.It Ta Jonathan A. Kollasch Ta Mt jakllsch@NetBSD.org 2027.It Ta Paul Kranenburg Ta Mt pk@NetBSD.org 2028.It Ta Lubomir Kundrak Ta Mt lkundrak@NetBSD.org 2029.It Ta Jochen Kunz Ta Mt jkunz@NetBSD.org 2030.It Ta Martti Kuparinen Ta Mt martti@NetBSD.org 2031.It Ta Kentaro A. Kurahone Ta Mt kurahone@NetBSD.org 2032.It Ta Arnaud Lacombe Ta Mt alc@NetBSD.org 2033.It Ta Kevin Lahey Ta Mt kml@NetBSD.org 2034.It Ta David Laight Ta Mt dsl@NetBSD.org 2035.It Ta Johnny C. Lam Ta Mt jlam@NetBSD.org 2036.It Ta Martin J. Laubach Ta Mt mjl@NetBSD.org 2037.It Ta Greg Lehey Ta Mt grog@NetBSD.org 2038.It Ta Ted Lemon Ta Mt mellon@NetBSD.org 2039.It Ta Christian Limpach Ta Mt cl@NetBSD.org 2040.It Ta Frank van der Linden Ta Mt fvdl@NetBSD.org 2041.It Ta Joel Lindholm Ta Mt joel@NetBSD.org 2042.It Ta Tonnerre Lombard Ta Mt tonnerre@NetBSD.org 2043.It Ta Mike Long Ta Mt mikel@NetBSD.org 2044.It Ta Michael Lorenz Ta Mt macallan@NetBSD.org 2045.It Ta Warner Losh Ta Mt imp@NetBSD.org 2046.It Ta Tomasz Luchowski Ta Mt zuntum@NetBSD.org 2047.It Ta Federico Lupi Ta Mt federico@NetBSD.org 2048.It Ta Brett Lymn Ta Mt blymn@NetBSD.org 2049.It Ta Paul Mackerras Ta Mt paulus@NetBSD.org 2050.It Ta MAEKAWA Masahide Ta Mt gehenna@NetBSD.org 2051.It Ta Anders Magnusson Ta Mt ragge@NetBSD.org 2052.It Ta Cherry G. Mathew Ta Mt cherry@NetBSD.org 2053.It Ta David Maxwell Ta Mt david@NetBSD.org 2054.It Ta Gregory McGarry Ta Mt gmcgarry@NetBSD.org 2055.It Ta Dan McMahill Ta Mt dmcmahill@NetBSD.org 2056.It Ta Jared D. McNeill Ta Mt jmcneill@NetBSD.org 2057.It Ta Neil J. McRae Ta Mt neil@NetBSD.org 2058.It Ta Julio M. Merino Vidal Ta Mt jmmv@NetBSD.org 2059.It Ta Perry Metzger Ta Mt perry@NetBSD.org 2060.It Ta Luke Mewburn Ta Mt lukem@NetBSD.org 2061.It Ta Jean-Yves Migeon Ta Mt jym@NetBSD.org 2062.It Ta Brook Milligan Ta Mt brook@NetBSD.org 2063.It Ta Minoura Makoto Ta Mt minoura@NetBSD.org 2064.It Ta Simas Mockevicius Ta Mt symka@NetBSD.org 2065.It Ta der Mouse Ta Mt mouse@NetBSD.org 2066.It Ta Joseph Myers Ta Mt jsm@NetBSD.org 2067.It Ta Ken Nakata Ta Mt kenn@NetBSD.org 2068.It Ta Takeshi Nakayama Ta Mt nakayama@NetBSD.org 2069.It Ta Phil Nelson Ta Mt phil@NetBSD.org 2070.It Ta John Nemeth Ta Mt jnemeth@NetBSD.org 2071.It Ta Bob Nestor Ta Mt rnestor@NetBSD.org 2072.It Ta NISHIMURA Takeshi Ta Mt nsmrtks@NetBSD.org 2073.It Ta Tohru Nishimura Ta Mt nisimura@NetBSD.org 2074.It Ta NONAKA Kimihiro Ta Mt nonaka@NetBSD.org 2075.It Ta Takehiko NOZAKI Ta Mt tnozaki@NetBSD.org 2076.It Ta Tobias Nygren Ta Mt tnn@NetBSD.org 2077.It Ta OBATA Akio Ta Mt obache@NetBSD.org 2078.It Ta Jesse Off Ta Mt joff@NetBSD.org 2079.It Ta Tatoku Ogaito Ta Mt tacha@NetBSD.org 2080.It Ta OKANO Takayoshi Ta Mt kano@NetBSD.org 2081.It Ta Masaru Oki Ta Mt oki@NetBSD.org 2082.It Ta Atsushi Onoe Ta Mt onoe@NetBSD.org 2083.It Ta Greg Oster Ta Mt oster@NetBSD.org 2084.It Ta Rui Paulo Ta Mt rpaulo@NetBSD.org 2085.It Ta Jonathan Perkin Ta Mt sketch@NetBSD.org 2086.It Ta Andrey Petrov Ta Mt petrov@NetBSD.org 2087.It Ta Herb Peyerl Ta Mt hpeyerl@NetBSD.org 2088.It Ta Matthias Pfaller Ta Mt matthias@NetBSD.org 2089.It Ta Chris Pinnock Ta Mt cjep@NetBSD.org 2090.It Ta Adrian Portelli Ta Mt adrianp@NetBSD.org 2091.It Ta Peter Postma Ta Mt peter@NetBSD.org 2092.It Ta Dante Profeta Ta Mt dante@NetBSD.org 2093.It Ta Chris Provenzano Ta Mt proven@NetBSD.org 2094.It Ta Niels Provos Ta Mt provos@NetBSD.org 2095.It Ta Mindaugas Rasiukevicius Ta Mt rmind@NetBSD.org 2096.It Ta Michael Rauch Ta Mt mrauch@NetBSD.org 2097.It Ta Marc Recht Ta Mt recht@NetBSD.org 2098.It Ta Darren Reed Ta Mt darrenr@NetBSD.org 2099.It Ta Jeremy C. Reed Ta Mt reed@NetBSD.org 2100.It Ta Antoine Reilles Ta Mt tonio@NetBSD.org 2101.It Ta Tyler R. Retzlaff Ta Mt rtr@NetBSD.org 2102.It Ta Scott Reynolds Ta Mt scottr@NetBSD.org 2103.It Ta Michael Richardson Ta Mt mcr@NetBSD.org 2104.It Ta Tim Rightnour Ta Mt garbled@NetBSD.org 2105.It Ta Alan Ritter Ta Mt rittera@NetBSD.org 2106.It Ta Jeff Rizzo Ta Mt riz@NetBSD.org 2107.It Ta Hans Rosenfeld Ta Mt hans@NetBSD.org 2108.It Ta Gordon Ross Ta Mt gwr@NetBSD.org 2109.It Ta Steve Rumble Ta Mt rumble@NetBSD.org 2110.It Ta Ilpo Ruotsalainen Ta Mt lonewolf@NetBSD.org 2111.It Ta Heiko W. Rupp Ta Mt hwr@NetBSD.org 2112.It Ta Blair J. Sadewitz Ta Mt bjs@NetBSD.org 2113.It Ta David Sainty Ta Mt dsainty@NetBSD.org 2114.It Ta SAITOH Masanobu Ta Mt msaitoh@NetBSD.org 2115.It Ta Kazuki Sakamoto Ta Mt sakamoto@NetBSD.org 2116.It Ta Curt Sampson Ta Mt cjs@NetBSD.org 2117.It Ta Wilfredo Sanchez Ta Mt wsanchez@NetBSD.org 2118.It Ta Ty Sarna Ta Mt tsarna@NetBSD.org 2119.It Ta SATO Kazumi Ta Mt sato@NetBSD.org 2120.It Ta Jan Schaumann Ta Mt jschauma@NetBSD.org 2121.It Ta Matthias Scheler Ta Mt tron@NetBSD.org 2122.It Ta Silke Scheler Ta Mt silke@NetBSD.org 2123.It Ta Karl Schilke (rAT) Ta Mt rat@NetBSD.org 2124.It Ta Amitai Schlair Ta Mt schmonz@NetBSD.org 2125.It Ta Konrad Schroder Ta Mt perseant@NetBSD.org 2126.It Ta Georg Schwarz Ta Mt schwarz@NetBSD.org 2127.It Ta Lubomir Sedlacik Ta Mt salo@NetBSD.org 2128.It Ta Christopher SEKIYA Ta Mt sekiya@NetBSD.org 2129.It Ta Reed Shadgett Ta Mt dent@NetBSD.org 2130.It Ta John Shannon Ta Mt shannonjr@NetBSD.org 2131.It Ta Tim Shepard Ta Mt shep@NetBSD.org 2132.It Ta Takeshi Shibagaki Ta Mt shiba@NetBSD.org 2133.It Ta Naoto Shimazaki Ta Mt igy@NetBSD.org 2134.It Ta Takao Shinohara Ta Mt shin@NetBSD.org 2135.It Ta Takuya SHIOZAKI Ta Mt tshiozak@NetBSD.org 2136.It Ta Daniel Sieger Ta Mt dsieger@NetBSD.org 2137.It Ta Chuck Silvers Ta Mt chs@NetBSD.org 2138.It Ta Thor Lancelot Simon Ta Mt tls@NetBSD.org 2139.It Ta Jeff Smith Ta Mt jeffs@NetBSD.org 2140.It Ta Noriyuki Soda Ta Mt soda@NetBSD.org 2141.It Ta Wolfgang Solfrank Ta Mt ws@NetBSD.org 2142.It Ta SOMEYA Yoshihiko Ta Mt someya@NetBSD.org 2143.It Ta Bill Sommerfeld Ta Mt sommerfeld@NetBSD.org 2144.It Ta J\(:org Sonnenberger Ta Mt joerg@NetBSD.org 2145.It Ta Ignatios Souvatzis Ta Mt is@NetBSD.org 2146.It Ta T K Spindler Ta Mt dogcow@NetBSD.org 2147.It Ta Bill Squier Ta Mt groo@NetBSD.org 2148.It Ta Jonathan Stone Ta Mt jonathan@NetBSD.org 2149.It Ta Bill Studenmund Ta Mt wrstuden@NetBSD.org 2150.It Ta Kevin Sullivan Ta Mt sullivan@NetBSD.org 2151.It Ta SUNAGAWA Keiki Ta Mt kei@NetBSD.org 2152.It Ta Kimmo Suominen Ta Mt kim@NetBSD.org 2153.It Ta Robert Swindells Ta Mt rjs@NetBSD.org 2154.It Ta Shin Takemura Ta Mt takemura@NetBSD.org 2155.It Ta TAMURA Kent Ta Mt kent@NetBSD.org 2156.It Ta Shin'ichiro TAYA Ta Mt taya@NetBSD.org 2157.It Ta Ian Lance Taylor Ta Mt ian@NetBSD.org 2158.It Ta Matt Thomas Ta Mt matt@NetBSD.org 2159.It Ta Jason Thorpe Ta Mt thorpej@NetBSD.org 2160.It Ta Christoph Toshok Ta Mt toshok@NetBSD.org 2161.It Ta Greg Troxel Ta Mt gdt@NetBSD.org 2162.It Ta Tsubai Masanari Ta Mt tsubai@NetBSD.org 2163.It Ta Izumi Tsutsui Ta Mt tsutsui@NetBSD.org 2164.It Ta UCHIYAMA Yasushi Ta Mt uch@NetBSD.org 2165.It Ta Masao Uebayashi Ta Mt uebayasi@NetBSD.org 2166.It Ta Shuichiro URATA Ta Mt ur@NetBSD.org 2167.It Ta Valeriy E. Ushakov Ta Mt uwe@NetBSD.org 2168.It Ta Todd Vierling Ta Mt tv@NetBSD.org 2169.It Ta Aymeric Vincent Ta Mt aymeric@NetBSD.org 2170.It Ta Paul Vixie Ta Mt vixie@NetBSD.org 2171.It Ta Mike M. Volokhov Ta Mt mishka@NetBSD.org 2172.It Ta Krister Walfridsson Ta Mt kristerw@NetBSD.org 2173.It Ta Lex Wennmacher Ta Mt wennmach@NetBSD.org 2174.It Ta Leo Weppelman Ta Mt leo@NetBSD.org 2175.It Ta Assar Westerlund Ta Mt assar@NetBSD.org 2176.It Ta Todd Whitesel Ta Mt toddpw@NetBSD.org 2177.It Ta Frank Wille Ta Mt phx@NetBSD.org 2178.It Ta Nathan Williams Ta Mt nathanw@NetBSD.org 2179.It Ta Rob Windsor Ta Mt windsor@NetBSD.org 2180.It Ta Dan Winship Ta Mt danw@NetBSD.org 2181.It Ta Jim Wise Ta Mt jwise@NetBSD.org 2182.It Ta Michael Wolfson Ta Mt mbw@NetBSD.org 2183.It Ta Colin Wood Ta Mt ender@NetBSD.org 2184.It Ta Steve Woodford Ta Mt scw@NetBSD.org 2185.It Ta YAMAMOTO Takashi Ta Mt yamt@NetBSD.org 2186.It Ta Yuji Yamano Ta Mt yyamano@NetBSD.org 2187.It Ta David Young Ta Mt dyoung@NetBSD.org 2188.It Ta Reinoud Zandijk Ta Mt reinoud@NetBSD.org 2189.It Ta S.P.Zeidler Ta Mt spz@NetBSD.org 2190.It Ta Maria Zevenhoven Ta Mt maria7@NetBSD.org 2191.It Ta Christos Zoulas Ta Mt christos@NetBSD.org 2192.It Ta Ta 2193. 2194.br_ne 2i 2195.It Em "Other contributors:" 2196.It Ta Ta 2197.It Ta Dave Burgess Ta Mt burgess@cynjut.infonet.net 2198.It Ta Brian R. Gaeke Ta Mt brg@dgate.org 2199.It Ta Brad Grantham Ta Mt grantham@tenon.com 2200.It Ta Lawrence Kesteloot Ta Mt kesteloo@cs.unc.edu 2201.It Ta Waldi Ravens Ta Mt waldi@moacs.indiv.nl.net 2202. 2203.El 2204. 2205.Ss "Legal Mumbo-Jumbo" 2206.Pp 2207. 2208All product names mentioned herein are trademarks or registered 2209trademarks of their respective owners. 2210.Pp 2211The following notices are required to satisfy the license terms of 2212the software that we have mentioned in this document: 2213.Pp 2214.nr save_size \n[.s] 2215.nr save_vs \n[.v] 2216.ps 8 2217.vs 9 2218.Ht <font size=-1> 2219.(item -compact 2220.so ../common/legal.common ----------------------------------------------- 2221.so legal ----------------------------------------------- 2222.item) 2223.Ht </font> 2224.ps 2225.vs 2226.Ss "The End" 2227