xref: /netbsd-src/distrib/notes/common/main (revision 274254cdae52594c1aa480a736aef78313d15c9c)
1.\"	$NetBSD: main,v 1.440 2009/04/07 19:52:04 tez Exp $
2.\"
3.\" Copyright (c) 1999-2008 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
4.\" All rights reserved.
5.\"
6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8.\" are met:
9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14.\"
15.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
16.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
17.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
18.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
19.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
20.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
21.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
22.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
23.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
24.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
25.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
26.\"
27.ig
28
29	To "regenerate" this file, go up one level to src/distrib/notes
30	and type "make".  This will create
31	src/distrib/notes/<arch>/INSTALL.*.
32
33	The notes that describe the improvements over the last release
34	aren't appropriate for a snapshot, so these are conditional on
35	FOR_RELEASE. 0 == snapshot; 1 == release
36..
37.
38.tm Processing INSTALL
39.
40.\"	--------------------  CONFIGURATION  --------------------
41.
42.nr FOR_RELEASE 1
43.nr DOC_XR 1
44.ds MACHINE_LIST acorn26 acorn32 algor alpha amd64 amiga amigappc arc atari
45.as MACHINE_LIST " bebox cats cesfic cobalt dreamcast evbarm evbmips evbppc
46.as MACHINE_LIST " evbsh3 ews4800mips hp300 hp700 hpcarm hpcmips hpcsh i386
47.as MACHINE_LIST " ibmnws iyonix landisk luna68k mac68k macppc mipsco mmeye
48.as MACHINE_LIST " mvme68k mvmeppc netwinder news68k newsmips next68k ofppc
49.as MACHINE_LIST " playstation2 pmax prep rs6000 sandpoint sbmips
50.as MACHINE_LIST " sgimips shark sparc sparc64 sun2 sun3 vax x68k xen zaurus .
51.so \*[.CURDIR]/../common/macros
52.
53.Dd February 5, 2008
54.Dt INSTALL 8
55.Os NetBSD
56.Sh NAME
57.Nm INSTALL
58.Nd Installation procedure for
59.Nx*M .
60.Sh CONTENTS
61.Tc
62.Sh DESCRIPTION
63.
64.Ss About this Document
65.Pp
66.
67This document describes the installation procedure for
68.Nx
69\*V on the
70.Em \*M
71platform.
72It is available in four different formats titled
73.Pa INSTALL. Ns Ar ext ,
74where
75.Ar \&.ext
76is one of
77.Pa \&.ps , \&.html , \&.more ,
78.No or Pa \&.txt :
79.(tag \&.morex -offset indent
80.It Pa \&.ps
81PostScript.
82.It Pa \&.html
83.No Standard Internet Tn HTML .
84.It Pa \&.more
85The enhanced text format used on
86.Ul
87systems by the
88.Xr more 1
89and
90.Xr less 1
91pager utility programs.
92This is the format in which the on-line
93.Em man
94pages are generally presented.
95.It Pa \&.txt
96Plain old
97.Tn ASCII .
98.tag)
99.Pp
100You are reading the
101.Em \*[format]
102version.
103.
104.if \n[i386]:\n[macppc]:\n[sparc]:\n[sparc64]:\n[amd64] \{\
105.Ss "Quick install notes for the impatient"
106.Pp
107This section contains some brief notes describing what you need to
108install
109.Nx
110\*V on a machine of the \*M architecture.
111.Bl -bullet
112.It
113Fetch files needed to install
114.Nx .
115.if \n[i386]:\n[amd64] \{\
116.Pp
117Option 1: bootable CD-ROM images containing the full distribution.
118.Pp
119These can be found
120on an FTP site near you, usually located in the
121.Pa /pub/NetBSD/iso/
122directory.
123Check the NetBSD website for details.
124.Pp
125Option 2: bootable CD-ROM images from
126.Pa \*M/installation/cdrom/ .
127.Pp
128These images are bootable, but do not contain binary sets.
129They are intended for network installs or system repair.
130.Pa boot.iso
131is for VGA console installation, and
132.Pa boot-com.iso
133is for installation over serial console (com0, 9600 baud).
134.Pp
135Option 3: boot floppy images from
136.Pa \*M/installation/floppy/ .
137.Pp
138.Pa boot1.fs
139and
140.Pa boot2.fs
141are floppy images for VGA console installation.
142.Pa boot-com1.fs
143and
144.Pa boot-com2.fs
145are for installation via serial console (com0, 9600 baud).
146.It
147The default kernel on CD-ROMs has ACPI enabled.
148This is known to cause issues on a few machines which have buggy ACPI
149implementations.
150.Pp
151To boot with ACPI disabled, choose the "no ACPI" option from the boot menu,
152or interrupt the menu and enter the
153.Nx
154boot prompt.
155Type
156.Ic boot -2
157to boot with ACPI disabled.
158.\}
159.if \n[macppc] \{\
160Fetch files necessary to boot your system.
161The files depend on what model you
162are using and how you plan to boot your machine.
163For systems with built-in floppy drives (Open Firmware 1 or 2),
164fetch the pair of boot floppy images
165.Pa macppc/installation/floppy/boot1.fs
166and
167.Pa macppc/installation/floppy/boot2.fs ,
168which include the bootloader and installation kernel.
169For systems without floppy drives (most are Open Firmware 3), fetch the
170bootloader
171.Pa macppc/installation/ofwboot.xcf
172and the installation kernel
173.Pa macppc/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC_MD.gz .
174If you have a CD-R, you can fetch the CD image,
175.Pa macppccd-\*V.iso .
176.\}
177.if \n[sparc] \{\
178Fetch a CD image,
179.Pa sparccd-\*V.iso
180or the floppy disk images,
181.Pa sparc/install/floppy/disk1.gz No and Pa sparc/install/floppy/disk2 .
182You need either the pair of floppies or the CD to boot your system.
183.\}
184.if \n[sparc64] \{\
185This is either a CD image,
186.Pa sparc64cd-\*V.iso
187or the installation kernel and bootloader,
188.Pa sparc64/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz No and Pa sparc64/installation/misc/ofwboot
189which can be booted from a
190.Tn Solaris
191or
192.Nx
193partition.
194.\}
195.if \n[macppc]:\n[sparc]:\n[sparc64] \{\
196Alternatively, you may netboot the installation kernel.  This process is
197covered below, in detail.
198.\}
199.It
200The actual binary distribution is in the
201.Pa \*M/binary/sets/
202directory.
203When you boot the install
204.if \n[i386] CD-ROM or floppies,
205.if \n[macppc] kernel from floppies, hard drive, or CD-ROM,
206.if \n[sparc] floppies or CD-ROM,
207.if \n[sparc64] CD-ROM or installation kernel,
208the installation program
209can fetch these files for you (using e.g. ftp)
210if you have a network connection.
211There are several other methods to get the binary sets onto
212your machine.
213.Pp
214You will at a minimum need
215.ie \n[i386]:\n[amd64] \{\
216one of the kernel sets, typically
217.Pa kern-GENERIC.tgz ,
218as well as
219.\}
220.el \{\
221the following sets:
222.Pa kern-GENERIC.tgz ,
223.\}
224.Pa base.tgz
225and
226.Pa etc.tgz .
227In a typical workstation installation you will probably want
228all the installation sets.
229.ie \n[i386]:\n[amd64] \{\
230.It
231Write the CD-ROM images or floppy images out.
232.Pp
233Many commercial and freeware programs are available to burn CD-ROMs.
234.Pp
235If you have problems writing a raw image to a floppy,
236the
237.Ic rawrite.exe
238MS-DOS program
239or the
240.Ic Rawrite32.exe
241Windows32 program (inside
242.Pa rawrite32.zip )
243in the
244.Pa i386/installation/misc/
245directory may be of help.
246.\}
247.if \n[macppc] \{\
248.It
249If your \*M has a floppy drive, create the pair of boot floppies using
250.Ic suntar
251(MacOS 9),
252.Ic rawrite
253(Windows), or
254.Ic dd
255(any
256.Ul
257system with floppy support).  If your system has Open Firmware 3, drag
258.Pa ofwboot.xcf No and Pa netbsd-GENERIC_MD.gz
259to your hard drive icon (the top level of the drive, not the desktop).
260If you are using the CD image, burn it now.
261.\}
262.if \n[sparc] \{\
263.It
264Make sure your sparc's CD-ROM drive is bootable.
265Burn the CD.
266Otherwise, write the floppy images directly to a pair of floppies
267(after uncompressing disk1.gz).
268.\}
269.if \n[sparc64] \{\
270.It
271Burn the CD or put the installation kernel and bootloader
272at the root level of a bootable
273.Tn Solaris
274or
275.Nx
276partition.
277.\}
278.Pp
279The disk(s) you just prepared will be used to boot the installation
280kernel, which contains all the tools required to install
281.Nx .
282.if \n[macppc] \{\
283.It
284Determine your machine's model, quirks, and Open Firmware version from the
285.Nx*M
286Model Support webpage.
287.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/ports/macppc/models.html
288.Pp
289At present,
290.Nx*M
291cannot exist on the same hard drive as
292.Tn Mac OS
293unless you partition your disk before running the installer.
294Open Firmware versions prior to 3 require a dedicated
295.Nx
296drive \(em you must use the entire disk,
297partitioned with the installation tools.
298Open Firmware version 3 cannot boot into
299.Nx
300on a drive partitioned with the installation tools, you must partition
301your disk before running the installer, then select the
302.Dq Me "Re-install sets or install additional sets"
303option in the installer (selecting the
304.Dq Me "Install NetBSD to hard disk"
305or
306.Dq Me "Upgrade NetBSD on a hard disk"
307options will render your drive unbootable).
308If you are unsure, you may want to read the section below on
309.Sx Partitioning your hard drive for NetBSD
310.It
311For systems with Open Firmware versions prior to 3, you may need to use
312Apple's System Disk utility to enter Open Firmware and use your screen and
313keyboard.
314To enter Open Firmware, hold down the
315.Key COMMAND-OPTION-O-F
316keys after the boot chime starts, but before the chime ends.
317Entering Open Firmware versions prior to 3 is usually the most frustrating
318part of installation \(em you may want to read the section below on
319.Sx Older Open Firmware System Preparation
320.Pp
321You should have the Open Firmware
322.Dq Pa "0 \*[Gt]"
323prompt on your screen before attempting to boot
324.Nx*M .
325.\}
326.if \n[macppc] \{\
327.It
328At the Open Firmware prompt, type the command to boot.
329To boot from the installation floppies, the command is
330.Dq Ic "boot fd:0" .
331For the install kernel and bootloader on your hard drive (Open Firmware
3323), the command is
333.Dq Ic "boot hd:,\eofwboot.xcf netbsd-GENERIC_MD.gz" .
334.Pp
335For boot CDs, the command is something like
336.Dq Ic "boot cd:,\eofwboot.xcf netbsd.macppc"
337(for Open Firmware 3) or
338.Dq Ic "boot scsi-int/sd@3:0 NETBSD.MACPPC"
339(for earlier Open Firmware versions).
340You will need to use the correct case for
341.Ic OFWBOOT.XCF No and Ic NETBSD.MACPPC
342depending on how your version of Open Firmware interprets the ISO
343file system.
344You may need to replace
345.Ic cd
346with
347.Ic "scsi/sd@3 , scsi-int/sd@3 , ata/atapi-disk ,"
348or some other device alias.
349You should also use the Open Firmware
350.Ic dir
351command to confirm that the
352.Nx*M
353kernel is called
354.Pa NETBSD.MACPPC .
355You may want to read the section below on
356.Sx Open Firmware boot syntax
357.\}
358.if \n[sparc]:\n[sparc64] \{\
359.It
360You will need to get to the
361.if \n[sparc] OpenBoot PROM
362.if \n[sparc64] OpenFirmware
363.Dq Ic "ok"
364prompt.
365After your system first powers on, and displays some initial information,
366press the
367.Key STOP-A
368keys, or send a BREAK if you're on a serial console.
369At the
370.Dq Ic "ok"
371prompt, type the command to boot your system into
372.Nx .
373.\}
374.if \n[sparc] \{\
375The command to boot from CD is one of the following commands (depending on
376your model):
377.Dq Ic b sd(,30,) ,
378.Dq Ic boot sd(,30,) ,
379or
380.Dq Ic boot cdrom .
381.Pp
382The command to boot from floppy is either
383.Dq Ic boot fd(,,1)
384or
385.Dq Ic boot floppy .
386The installer will prompt you to insert the second floppy when it is ready
387for it.
388.\}
389.if \n[sparc64] \{\
390The command to boot from CD is:
391.Dq Ic boot cdrom .
392The command to boot the
393.Nx
394kernel from a
395.Tn Solaris
396or
397.Nx
398partition depends on which disk and partition it is on.
399To boot from the first partition of the first (primary) disk:
400.Dq Ic "boot disk:a /ofwboot -a" .
401When it asks you for a kernel, specify
402.Dq Ic "netbsd-INSTALL.gz"
403.\}
404.It
405For third-party programs which are not part of the base
406.Nx
407distribution, you will want to explore the
408.Ic pkgsrc
409system with its many thousands of third party software applications.
410.El
411.\}
412.Ss "What is NetBSD?"
413.Pp
414.
415The
416.Nx
417Operating System is a fully functional
418.Tn Open Source
419.Ul
420operating system derived from the University of California, Berkeley
421Networking Release 2 (Net/2), 4.4BSD-Lite, and 4.4BSD-Lite2 sources.
422.Nx
423runs on fifty four different system architectures (ports),
424featuring seventeen machine architectures
425across fifteen distinct CPU families,
426and is being ported to more.
427The
428.Nx
429\*V release contains complete binary releases for many different
430system architectures.
431(A few ports are not fully supported at this time
432and are thus not part of the binary distribution.
433Please see the
434.Nx
435web site at
436.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/
437for information on them.)
438.Pp
439.Nx
440is a completely integrated system.
441In addition to its highly portable, high performance kernel,
442.nh
443.Nx
444features a complete set of user utilities, compilers for several
445languages, the X Window System, firewall software
446and numerous other tools, all accompanied by full source code.
447.Pp
448.\" XXX Should we include some text here about NetBSD's license
449.\" policies and how commercial-friendly it is?
450.Nx
451is a creation of the members of the Internet community.
452Without the unique cooperation and coordination the net makes
453possible, it's likely that
454.Nx
455wouldn't exist.
456.
457.if \n[FOR_RELEASE] \{\
458.Ss Changes Between The NetBSD 4.0 and 5.0 Releases
459.Pp
460The
461.Nx
462\*V release
463provides numerous significant functional enhancements, including
464support for many new devices, integration of hundreds of bug fixes,
465new and updated kernel subsystems, and many user-land enhancements.
466The result of these improvements is a stable operating system fit for
467production use that rivals most commercially available systems.
468.Pp
469It is impossible to completely summarize more than a year of development that
470went into the
471.Nx
472\*V release.
473The complete list of changes can be found in the
474CHANGES:
475.Lk ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-5.0/CHANGES
476and
477CHANGES-5.0:
478.Lk ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-5.0/CHANGES-5.0
479files in the top level directory of the NetBSD 5.0 release tree. Some highlights include:
480.Ss2 Networking
481.
482.Ss2 File systems
483.
484.Ss2 Drivers
485.
486.Ss2 Platforms
487.
488.Ss2 Kernel subsystems
489.
490.Ss2 Security
491.
492.Ss2 Userland
493.(bullet
4943rd party software updates:
495.(bullet
496am-utils 6.2a3
497.It
498BIND 9.5.0-P2
499.It
500file 4.26
501.It
502GNU gcc 4.1.3-20080831
503.It
504GNU gdb 6.5 (for all architectures)
505.It
506IPFilter 4.1.29
507.It
508(n)awk 20070501
509.It
510NTP 4.2.4p5
511.It
512nvi 1.81
513.It
514openpam 20071221
515.It
516OpenSSH 5.0p1
517.It
518OpenSSL SNAP-20080509
519.It
520PF from OpenBSD 4.2
521.It
522Postfix 2.5.4
523.It
524texinfo 4.8 (last GPLv2 version)
525.bullet)
526.
527.bullet)
528.
529.Pp
530Besides this list, there have been innumerable bug fixes and other miscellaneous enhancements.
531.Ss2 Components removed from NetBSD
532.Pp
533In this release of NetBSD, some software components known from previous releases were removed from the system. In some cases those were components that are not useful anymore or their utility does not justify maintenance overhead. Other components were not working properly and there was lack of interest in fixing them.
534.
535.\} \" \n[FOR_RELEASE]
536.
537.Ss "Features to be removed in a later release"
538The following features are to be removed from
539.Nx
540in the future:
541.(bullet
542Support for soft dependencies, also knows as soft updates
543(see
544.Dq softdep
545in
546.Xr mount 8 )
547will be removed in the next major release.
548.Pp
549.Nx
550\*V
551includes a preview of WAPBL
552.Pq Write Ahead Physical Block Logging ,
553which will replace soft dependencies in the next major release.
554See
555.Xr wapbl 4
556and
557.Lk http://mail-index.netbsd.org/netbsd-announce/2008/12/14/msg000051.html
558for details.
559.It
560Support for Xen 2.0.x. The Xen-3 and hypervisor interface is diverging
561from Xen-2 as development is ongoing, increasing the maintenance cost
562for NetBSD. It is expected that the netbsd-5 branch will get support for
563PCI pass-though to domUs before the Xen-2 support is removed from HEAD.
564.Pp
565It should be considered as deprecated. Users are expected to not rely
566on it any more beyond this major release.
567.Pp
568Further, at least version 3.1 of Xen will be required to run NetBSD as
569Dom0 or DomU.
570.bullet)
571.
572.Ss "The Future of NetBSD"
573.Pp
574.
575The
576.Nx
577Foundation has been incorporated as a non-profit
578organization.
579Its purpose is to encourage, foster and promote the free exchange
580of computer software, namely the
581.Nx
582Operating
583System.
584The foundation will allow for many things to be handled more
585smoothly than could be done with our previous informal organization.
586In particular, it provides the framework to deal with other parties
587that wish to become involved in the
588.Nx
589Project.
590.Pp
591The
592.Nx
593Foundation will help improve the quality of
594.Nx
595by:
596.(bullet
597providing better organization to keep track of development
598efforts, including co-ordination with groups working in
599related fields.
600.It
601providing a framework to receive donations of goods and
602services and to own the resources necessary to run the
603.Nx
604Project.
605.It
606providing a better position from which to undertake
607promotional activities.
608.It
609periodically organizing workshops for developers and other
610interested people to discuss ongoing work.
611.bullet)
612.Pp
613We hope to support even
614.Em more
615hardware in the future, and we have a
616rather large number of other ideas about what can be done to improve
617.Nx .
618.Pp
619We intend to continue our current practice of making the
620NetBSD-current development source available on a daily basis.
621.Pp
622We intend to integrate free, positive changes from whatever sources
623submit them, providing that they are well thought-out and increase the
624usability of the system.
625.Pp
626Above all, we hope to create a stable and accessible system, and to be
627responsive to the needs and desires of
628.Nx
629users, because it is for
630and because of them that
631.Nx
632exists.
633.br_ne 10P
634.
635.Ss "Sources of NetBSD"
636.Pp
637.
638Refer to
639.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/mirrors/.
640.br_ne 10P
641.
642.Ss "NetBSD \*V Release Contents
643.Pp
644.
645The root directory of the
646.Nx
647\*V release is organized as follows:
648.ie \n[FOR_RELEASE] \{\
649.Pp
650.Pa .../NetBSD-\*V/
651.(tag README.files
652.It Li CHANGES
653Changes between
654.Nx
6554.0 and branching 5.0.
656.It Li CHANGES-5.0
657Changes since
658.Nx
6595.0 was branched.
660.It Li CHANGES.prev
661Changes in earlier
662.Nx
663releases.
664.It Li LAST_MINUTE
665Last minute changes.
666.It Li MIRRORS
667A list of sites that mirror the
668.Nx
669\*V distribution.
670.It Li README.files
671README describing the distribution's contents.
672.It Li TODO
673.Nx Ns 's
674todo list (also somewhat incomplete and out of date).
675.It Pa patches/
676Post-release source code patches.
677.It Pa source/
678Source distribution sets; see below.
679.tag)
680.Pp
681In addition to the files and directories listed above, there is one
682directory per architecture, for each of the architectures for which
683.Nx
684\*V has a binary distribution.
685.Pp
686The source distribution sets can be found in subdirectories of the
687.Pa source
688subdirectory of the distribution tree.
689They contain the complete sources to the system.
690The source distribution sets are as follows:
691.(tag sharesrc
692.It Sy gnusrc
693This set contains the
694.Dq gnu
695sources, including the source for the compiler, assembler, groff,
696and the other GNU utilities in the binary distribution sets.
697.showsize 95 484
698.It Sy sharesrc
699This set contains the
700.Dq share
701sources, which include the sources for the man pages not associated
702with any particular program; the sources for the typesettable document
703set; the dictionaries; and more.
704.showsize 6 25
705.It Sy src
706This set contains all of the base
707.Nx
708\*V sources which are not in
709.Sy gnusrc ,
710.Sy sharesrc ,
711or
712.Sy syssrc .
713.showsize 45 214
714.It Sy syssrc
715This set contains the sources to the
716.Nx
717\*V kernel for all architectures as well as the
718.Xr config 1
719utility.
720.showsize 33 165
721.It Sy xsrc
722This set contains the sources to the X Window System.
723.showsize 95 502
724.tag)
725.Pp
726All the above source sets are located in the
727.Pa source/sets
728subdirectory of the distribution tree.
729.Pp
730The source sets are distributed as compressed tar files.
731Except for the
732.Sy pkgsrc
733set, which is traditionally unpacked into
734.Pa /usr/pkgsrc ,
735all sets may be unpacked into
736.Pa /usr/src
737with the command:
738.Dl # Ic "cd / ; tar -zxpf set_name.tgz"
739.Pp
740In each of the source distribution set directories, there are
741files which contain the checksums of the files in the directory:
742.(tag SYSVSUM -offset indent
743.It Li BSDSUM
744Historic
745.Bx
746checksums for the various files
747in that directory, in the format produced by the command:
748.br
749.Ic cksum -o 1 Ar file .
750.It Li CKSUM
751.Tn POSIX
752checksums for the various files in that
753directory, in the format produced by the command:
754.br
755.Ic cksum Ar file .
756.It Li MD5
757.Tn MD5
758digests for the various files in that
759directory, in the format produced by the command:
760.br
761.Ic cksum -a MD5 Ar file .
762.It Li SHA512
763.Tn SHA512
764digests for the various files in that
765directory, in the format produced by the command:
766.br
767.Ic cksum -a SHA512 Ar file .
768.It Li SYSVSUM
769Historic AT\*[Am]T System V
770.Ux
771checksums for the various files in that directory, in the format produced by
772the command:
773.br
774.Ic cksum -o 2 Ar file .
775.tag)
776.Pp
777The SHA512 digest is the safest checksum, followed by the MD5 digest,
778and finally the POSIX checksum.
779The other two checksums are provided only to ensure
780that the widest possible range of systems can check the integrity
781of the release files.
782.\}
783.el \{\
784.Pp
785.Pa \&.../NetBSD-current/tar_files/
786.(item -compact -offset indent
787.Pa pkgsrc.tar.gz
788.It
789.Pa src/*.tar.gz
790.It
791.Pa xsrc/*.tar.gz
792.item)
793.Pp
794Other directories provide unpacked source trees e.g. for distribution via
795the the software update protocol (SUP) or the
796concurrent version system (CVS). For more information see:
797.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/mirrors/
798.\}
799.
800.
801.so ../common/contents -----------------------------------------------
802.
803.
804.(Note
805Each directory in the \*M binary distribution also has its
806own checksum files, just as the source distribution does.
807.Note)
808.br_ne 7P
809.
810.Ss "NetBSD/\*M System Requirements and Supported Devices"
811.
812.so hardware -----------------------------------------------
813.br_ne 7P
814.
815.if \n[xen] \{.Ss "Installation options"
816.br_ne 7P
817.
818.so instopt -----------------------------------------------
819.\}
820.
821.Ss "Getting the NetBSD System on to Useful Media"
822.
823.so xfer -----------------------------------------------
824.br_ne 7P
825.
826.Ss "Preparing your System for NetBSD installation"
827.
828.so prep -----------------------------------------------
829.br_ne 7P
830.
831.ie \n[mac68k] .Ss "Installing the NetBSD System (Sysinst Method)"
832.el .Ss "Installing the NetBSD System"
833.
834.so install -----------------------------------------------
835.br_ne 7P
836.
837.Ss "Post installation steps"
838.
839.so ../common/postinstall -----------------------------------------------
840.br_ne 7P
841.
842.Ss "Upgrading a previously-installed NetBSD System"
843.
844.so upgrade -----------------------------------------------
845.br_ne 7P
846.
847.Ss "Compatibility Issues With Previous NetBSD Releases"
848.Pp
849.
850Users upgrading from previous versions of
851.Nx
852may wish to bear the
853following problems and compatibility issues in mind when upgrading to
854.Nx
855\*V.
856.Pp
857N.B. when using
858.Ic sysinst
859for upgrading, it will automatically invoke
860.(disp
861postinstall fix
862.disp)
863and thus all issues that are fixed by
864.Ic postinstall
865by default (see below) will be handled.
866.
867.Ss2 Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 3.x releases
868See the section below on upgrading from NetBSD 4.x as well.
869.Pp
870The following issues can generally be resolved by running
871.Em postinstall
872with the
873.Sy etc
874set:
875.(disp
876postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz check
877postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix
878.disp)
879.Pp
880Issues fixed by
881.Em postinstall :
882.(bullet -offset indent
883Various files in
884.Pa /etc
885need upgrading.
886These include:
887.(bullet -compact -offset indent
888.Pa /etc/defaults/*
889.It
890.Pa /etc/mtree/*
891.It
892.Pa /etc/daily
893.It
894.Pa /etc/weekly
895.It
896.Pa /etc/monthly
897.It
898.Pa /etc/security
899.It
900.Pa /etc/rc.subr
901.It
902.Pa /etc/rc
903.It
904.Pa /etc/rc.shutdown
905.It
906.Pa /etc/rc.d/*
907.It
908.Pa /etc/envsys.conf
909.bullet)
910.bullet)
911.
912.Pp
913The following issues need to be resolved manually:
914.
915.(bullet -offset indent
916The users
917.Sq _proxy ,
918.Sq _rwhod ,
919and
920.Sq _sdpd
921and the groups
922.Sq _proxy ,
923.Sq _rwhod
924and
925.Sq _sdpd
926need to be created and the user
927.Sq uucp
928needs to be updated.
929.It
930A number of things were removed in the
931.Nx
9324.0
933release, including: the evbsh5 port, the Fortran 77 compiler (g77), NETCCITT,
934NETNS, Sendmail, Sushi, UUCP, and Vinum.  If you were using any of these,
935please see the "Components removed from NetBSD" at
936.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/releases/formal-4/NetBSD-4.0.html#removals .
937.It
938The replacement of Sendmail by Postfix can be handled automatically by
939.Em postinstall
940but it is not done by default.
941If you want to transition to Postfix, the command
942.(disp
943postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix mailerconf
944.disp)
945will update your
946.Pa /etc/mailer.conf
947file to use Postfix as the MTA. When using
948.Ic sysinst
949to upgrade the system, it will ask if you want this to be done.
950.Pp
951Note that if you have a customized
952Sendmail setup, you need to set up Postfix in an equivalent way; there
953is no tool for automatic conversion of Sendmail configuration to a
954Postfix one.
955.Pp
956Postfix will be started automatically when the system boots.
957You may see messages like "$sendmail is not set properly" at boot.
958You can suppress them by removing
959.Pa /etc/rc.d/sendmail
960and
961.Pa /etc/rc.d/smmsp .
962Those files and other parts of sendmail configuration like files under
963.Pa /usr/share/sendmail
964are not removed by default
965while upgrading for those who want to continue using sendmail from
966outside the base system.
967If you want to delete them,
968.Em postinstall
969can be used:
970.(disp
971postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix sendmail
972.disp)
973.bullet)
974.
975.Ss2 Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 4.x releases
976.Pp
977The following issues can generally be resolved by running
978.Em postinstall
979with the
980.Sy etc
981set:
982.(disp
983postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz check
984postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix
985.disp)
986.Pp
987Issues fixed by
988.Em postinstall :
989.(bullet -offset indent
990Various files in
991.Pa /etc
992need upgrading.
993These include:
994.(bullet -compact -offset indent
995.Pa /etc/defaults/*
996.It
997.Pa /etc/mtree/*
998.It
999.Pa /etc/daily
1000.It
1001.Pa /etc/weekly
1002.It
1003.Pa /etc/monthly
1004.It
1005.Pa /etc/security
1006.It
1007.Pa /etc/rc.subr
1008.It
1009.Pa /etc/rc
1010.It
1011.Pa /etc/rc.shutdown
1012.It
1013.Pa /etc/rc.d/*
1014.It
1015.Pa /etc/envsys.conf
1016.bullet)
1017.bullet)
1018.
1019.Pp
1020The following issues need to be resolved manually:
1021.
1022.(bullet -offset indent
1023The users
1024.Sq _httpd
1025and
1026.Sq _timedc
1027and the groups
1028.Sq _httpd
1029and
1030.Sq _timedc
1031need to be created.
1032.It
1033Unprivileged use of the
1034.Xr mount 8
1035command now requires the
1036.Ar nosuid
1037and
1038.Ar nodev
1039options to be explicitly specified.
1040Previously, these options were automatically enforced even if they
1041were not explicitly specified.
1042.It
1043A number of things have been removed from the
1044.Nx
1045\*V release.
1046See the "Components removed from NetBSD" section near the beginning of
1047this document for a list.
1048.bullet)
1049.
1050.Ss "Using online NetBSD documentation"
1051.Pp
1052Documentation is available if you first install the manual
1053distribution set.
1054Traditionally, the
1055.Dq man pages
1056(documentation) are denoted by
1057.Sq Li name(section) .
1058Some examples of this are
1059.Pp
1060.(bullet -compact -offset indent
1061.Xr intro 1 ,
1062.It
1063.Xr man 1 ,
1064.It
1065.Xr apropos 1 ,
1066.It
1067.Xr passwd 1 ,
1068and
1069.It
1070.Xr passwd 5 .
1071.bullet)
1072.Pp
1073The section numbers group the topics into several categories, but three
1074are of primary interest: user commands are in section 1, file formats
1075are in section 5, and administrative information is in section 8.
1076.Pp
1077.No The Em man
1078command is used to view the documentation on a topic, and is
1079started by entering
1080.Ic man
1081.Op Ar section
1082.Ar topic .
1083The brackets
1084.Op \&
1085around the
1086section should not be entered, but rather indicate that the section is
1087optional.
1088If you don't ask for a particular section, the topic with the
1089lowest numbered section name will be displayed.
1090For instance, after logging in, enter
1091.Pp
1092.Dl # Ic "man passwd"
1093.Pp
1094to read the documentation for
1095.Xr passwd 1 .
1096To view the documentation for
1097.Xr passwd 5 ,
1098enter
1099.Pp
1100.Dl # Ic "man 5 passwd"
1101.Pp
1102instead.
1103.Pp
1104If you are unsure of what man page you are looking for, enter
1105.Pp
1106.Dl # Ic apropos Ar subject-word
1107.Pp
1108where
1109.Ar subject-word
1110is your topic of interest; a list of possibly
1111related man pages will be displayed.
1112.
1113.Ss Administrivia
1114.Pp
1115.
1116If you've got something to say, do so!
1117We'd like your input.
1118There are various mailing lists available via the mailing list
1119server at
1120.Mt majordomo@NetBSD.org .
1121To get help on using the mailing
1122list server, send mail to that address with an empty body, and it will
1123reply with instructions.  See
1124.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/mailinglists/
1125for a web interface.
1126.Pp
1127There are various mailing lists set up to deal with comments and
1128questions about this release.
1129Please send comments to:
1130.Mt netbsd-comments@NetBSD.org .
1131.Pp
1132To report bugs, use the
1133.Xr send-pr 1
1134command shipped with
1135.Nx ,
1136and fill in as much information about the problem as you can.
1137Good bug reports include lots of details.
1138Additionally, bug reports can be sent by mail to:
1139.Mt netbsd-bugs@NetBSD.org .
1140.Pp
1141Use of
1142.Xr send-pr 1
1143is encouraged, however, because bugs reported with it
1144are entered into the
1145.Nx
1146bugs database, and thus can't slip through
1147the cracks.
1148Bugs also can be submitted and queried with the web interface at
1149.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/support/send-pr.html .
1150.Pp
1151There are also port-specific mailing lists, to discuss aspects of
1152each port of
1153.Nx .
1154Use majordomo to find their addresses, or visit
1155.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/mailinglists/ .
1156If
1157you're interested in doing a serious amount of work on a specific
1158port, you probably should contact the
1159.Sq owner
1160of that port (listed
1161below).
1162.Pp
1163If you'd like to help with this effort, and have an idea as to how
1164you could be useful, send us mail or subscribe to:
1165.Mt netbsd-users@NetBSD.org .
1166.Pp
1167As a favor, please avoid mailing huge documents or files to these
1168mailing lists.
1169Instead, put the material you would have sent up for FTP or WWW somewhere,
1170then mail the appropriate list about it, or, if you'd rather not do that,
1171mail the list saying you'll send the data to those who want it.
1172.
1173.Ss Thanks go to
1174.
1175.(bullet
1176The former members of UCB's Computer Systems Research Group,
1177including (but not limited to):
1178.Bd -unfilled -offset indent
1179Keith Bostic
1180Ralph Campbell
1181Mike Karels
1182Marshall Kirk McKusick
1183.Ed
1184.Pp
1185for their ongoing work on
1186.Bx
1187systems, support, and encouragement.
1188.It
1189The Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. for hosting the
1190.Nx
1191FTP, CVS, AnonCVS, mail, mail archive, GNATS, SUP, Rsync and WWW servers.
1192.It
1193The Internet Research Institute in Japan for hosting the server
1194which runs the CVSweb interface to the
1195.Nx
1196source tree.
1197.It
1198The Lule\[oa] Academic Computer Society for providing the backup
1199services server.
1200.It
1201The Columbia University Computer Science Department for hosting
1202the NYC build cluster.
1203.It
1204The Western Washington University Computer Science Department
1205for running the WWU build cluster that produces daily snapshots.
1206.It
1207The many organizations that provide
1208.Nx
1209mirror sites.
1210.It
1211Without CVS, this project would be impossible to manage, so our hats
1212go off to Brian Berliner, Jeff Polk, and the various other people
1213who've had a hand in making CVS a useful tool.
1214.It
1215We list the individuals and organizations
1216that have made donations or loans of hardware and/or money, to support
1217.Nx
1218development, and deserve credit for it at
1219.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/donations/ .
1220(If you're not on that list and should be, tell us!
1221We probably were not able to get in touch with you, to verify that you
1222wanted to be listed.)
1223.It
1224Finally, we thank all of the people who've put sweat and tears into
1225developing
1226.Nx
1227since its inception in January, 1993.
1228(Obviously, there are a lot more people who deserve thanks here.
1229If you're one of them, and would like to be mentioned, tell us!)
1230.bullet)
1231.
1232.Ss "We are..."
1233.
1234.Pp
1235(in alphabetical order)
1236.Pp
1237.
1238.
1239.Bl -column xxx "Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino" ".Mt sommerfeld@NetBSD.org" ".Sy playstation2"
1240.
1241.br_ne 1i
1242.It Em "The NetBSD core group:"
1243.It Ta Ta
1244.It Ta Alistair Crooks Ta Mt agc@NetBSD.org
1245.It Ta Quentin Garnier Ta Mt cube@NetBSD.org
1246.It Ta Matt Thomas Ta Mt matt@NetBSD.org
1247.It Ta YAMAMOTO Takashi Ta Mt yamt@NetBSD.org
1248.It Ta Christos Zoulas Ta Mt christos@NetBSD.org
1249.It Ta Ta
1250.
1251.br_ne 2i
1252.It Em "The portmasters (and their ports):"
1253.\"
1254.\" XXX created by list-portmasters.pl
1255.\"
1256.It Ta Erik Berls                 Ta Mt      cyber@NetBSD.org Ta Sy cobalt
1257.It Ta Manuel Bouyer              Ta Mt     bouyer@NetBSD.org Ta Sy xen
1258.It Ta Simon Burge                Ta Mt     simonb@NetBSD.org Ta Sy evbmips
1259.It Ta Simon Burge                Ta Mt     simonb@NetBSD.org Ta Sy pmax
1260.It Ta Simon Burge                Ta Mt     simonb@NetBSD.org Ta Sy sbmips
1261.It Ta Julian Coleman             Ta Mt        jdc@NetBSD.org Ta Sy atari
1262.It Ta Marcus Comstedt            Ta Mt     marcus@NetBSD.org Ta Sy dreamcast
1263.It Ta Andrew Doran               Ta Mt         ad@NetBSD.org Ta Sy amd64
1264.It Ta Andrew Doran               Ta Mt         ad@NetBSD.org Ta Sy i386
1265.It Ta Matthias Drochner          Ta Mt   drochner@NetBSD.org Ta Sy cesfic
1266.It Ta Gavan Fantom               Ta Mt      gavan@NetBSD.org Ta Sy iyonix
1267.It Ta Jaime A Fournier           Ta Mt       ober@NetBSD.org Ta Sy zaurus
1268.It Ta Matt Fredette              Ta Mt   fredette@NetBSD.org Ta Sy sun2
1269.It Ta Ichiro FUKUHARA            Ta Mt     ichiro@NetBSD.org Ta Sy hpcarm
1270.It Ta Chris Gilbert              Ta Mt      chris@NetBSD.org Ta Sy cats
1271.It Ta Ben Harris                 Ta Mt      bjh21@NetBSD.org Ta Sy acorn26
1272.It Ta Ross Harvey                Ta Mt       ross@NetBSD.org Ta Sy alpha
1273.It Ta Nick Hudson                Ta Mt      skrll@NetBSD.org Ta Sy hp700
1274.It Ta Martin Husemann            Ta Mt     martin@NetBSD.org Ta Sy sparc64
1275.It Ta IWAMOTO Toshihiro          Ta Mt     toshii@NetBSD.org Ta Sy hpcarm
1276.It Ta Darrin Jewell              Ta Mt        dbj@NetBSD.org Ta Sy next68k
1277.It Ta S\(/oren J\(/orvang        Ta Mt      soren@NetBSD.org Ta Sy sgimips
1278.It Ta Wayne Knowles              Ta Mt        wdk@NetBSD.org Ta Sy mipsco
1279.It Ta Takayoshi Kochi            Ta Mt      kochi@NetBSD.org Ta Sy ia64
1280.It Ta Paul Kranenburg            Ta Mt         pk@NetBSD.org Ta Sy sparc
1281.It Ta Michael Lorenz             Ta Mt   macallan@NetBSD.org Ta Sy macppc
1282.It Ta Anders Magnusson           Ta Mt      ragge@NetBSD.org Ta Sy vax
1283.It Ta Cherry G. Mathew           Ta Mt     cherry@NetBSD.org Ta Sy ia64
1284.It Ta NISHIMURA Takeshi          Ta Mt    nsmrtks@NetBSD.org Ta Sy x68k
1285.It Ta Tohru Nishimura            Ta Mt   nisimura@NetBSD.org Ta Sy luna68k
1286.It Ta Tohru Nishimura            Ta Mt   nisimura@NetBSD.org Ta Sy sandpoint
1287.It Ta Andrey Petrov              Ta Mt     petrov@NetBSD.org Ta Sy sparc64
1288.It Ta Scott Reynolds             Ta Mt     scottr@NetBSD.org Ta Sy mac68k
1289.It Ta Tim Rightnour              Ta Mt    garbled@NetBSD.org Ta Sy ofppc
1290.It Ta Tim Rightnour              Ta Mt    garbled@NetBSD.org Ta Sy prep
1291.It Ta Tim Rightnour              Ta Mt    garbled@NetBSD.org Ta Sy rs6000
1292.It Ta Noriyuki Soda              Ta Mt       soda@NetBSD.org Ta Sy arc
1293.It Ta Ignatios Souvatzis         Ta Mt         is@NetBSD.org Ta Sy amiga
1294.It Ta Jonathan Stone             Ta Mt   jonathan@NetBSD.org Ta Sy pmax
1295.It Ta Shin Takemura              Ta Mt   takemura@NetBSD.org Ta Sy hpcmips
1296.It Ta Matt Thomas                Ta Mt       matt@NetBSD.org Ta Sy alpha
1297.It Ta Matt Thomas                Ta Mt       matt@NetBSD.org Ta Sy netwinder
1298.It Ta Jason Thorpe               Ta Mt    thorpej@NetBSD.org Ta Sy algor
1299.It Ta Jason Thorpe               Ta Mt    thorpej@NetBSD.org Ta Sy evbarm
1300.It Ta Jason Thorpe               Ta Mt    thorpej@NetBSD.org Ta Sy shark
1301.It Ta Izumi Tsutsui              Ta Mt    tsutsui@NetBSD.org Ta Sy ews4800mips
1302.It Ta Izumi Tsutsui              Ta Mt    tsutsui@NetBSD.org Ta Sy hp300
1303.It Ta Izumi Tsutsui              Ta Mt    tsutsui@NetBSD.org Ta Sy news68k
1304.It Ta Valeriy E. Ushakov         Ta Mt        uwe@NetBSD.org Ta Sy landisk
1305.It Ta Nathan Williams            Ta Mt    nathanw@NetBSD.org Ta Sy sun3
1306.It Ta Steve Woodford             Ta Mt        scw@NetBSD.org Ta Sy evbppc
1307.It Ta Steve Woodford             Ta Mt        scw@NetBSD.org Ta Sy mvme68k
1308.It Ta Steve Woodford             Ta Mt        scw@NetBSD.org Ta Sy mvmeppc
1309.It Ta Reinoud Zandijk            Ta Mt    reinoud@NetBSD.org Ta Sy acorn32
1310.It Ta Ta Ta
1311.
1312.br_ne 1i
1313.It Em "The NetBSD \*V Release Engineering team:"
1314.It Ta Ta
1315.It Ta Manuel Bouyer Ta Mt bouyer@NetBSD.org
1316.It Ta David Brownlee Ta Mt abs@NetBSD.org
1317.It Ta James Chacon Ta Mt jmc@NetBSD.org
1318.It Ta Julian Coleman Ta Mt jdc@NetBSD.org
1319.It Ta H\(oavard Eidnes Ta Mt he@NetBSD.org
1320.It Ta Liam J. Foy Ta Mt liamjfoy@NetBSD.org
1321.It Ta John Heasley Ta Mt heas@NetBSD.org
1322.It Ta Geert Hendrickx Ta Mt ghen@NetBSD.org
1323.It Ta Soren Jacobsen Ta Mt snj@NetBSD.org
1324.It Ta Phil Nelson Ta Mt phil@NetBSD.org
1325.It Ta Jeff Rizzo Ta Mt riz@NetBSD.org
1326.It Ta Ta
1327.
1328.br_ne 2i
1329.It Em "NetBSD Developers:"
1330.\"
1331.\" Please keep in alphabetical order
1332.\"
1333.It Ta Ta
1334.It Ta Nathan Ahlstrom Ta Mt nra@NetBSD.org
1335.It Ta Steve Allen Ta Mt wormey@NetBSD.org
1336.It Ta Jukka Andberg Ta Mt jandberg@NetBSD.org
1337.It Ta Julian Assange Ta Mt proff@NetBSD.org
1338.It Ta Lennart Augustsson Ta Mt augustss@NetBSD.org
1339.It Ta Christoph Badura Ta Mt bad@NetBSD.org
1340.It Ta Bang Jun-Young Ta Mt junyoung@NetBSD.org
1341.It Ta Dieter Baron Ta Mt dillo@NetBSD.org
1342.It Ta Robert V. Baron Ta Mt rvb@NetBSD.org
1343.It Ta Alan Barrett Ta Mt apb@NetBSD.org
1344.It Ta Grant Beattie Ta Mt grant@NetBSD.org
1345.It Ta Jason Beegan Ta Mt jtb@NetBSD.org
1346.It Ta Erik Berls Ta Mt cyber@NetBSD.org
1347.It Ta Hiroyuki Bessho Ta Mt bsh@NetBSD.org
1348.It Ta John Birrell Ta Mt jb@NetBSD.org
1349.It Ta Mason Loring Bliss Ta Mt mason@NetBSD.org
1350.It Ta Charles Blundell Ta Mt cb@NetBSD.org
1351.It Ta Rafal Boni Ta Mt rafal@NetBSD.org
1352.It Ta Stephen Borrill Ta Mt sborrill@NetBSD.org
1353.It Ta Sean Boudreau Ta Mt seanb@NetBSD.org
1354.It Ta Manuel Bouyer Ta Mt bouyer@NetBSD.org
1355.It Ta John Brezak Ta Mt brezak@NetBSD.org
1356.It Ta Allen Briggs Ta Mt briggs@NetBSD.org
1357.It Ta Mark Brinicombe Ta Mt mark@NetBSD.org
1358.It Ta Aaron Brown Ta Mt abrown@NetBSD.org
1359.It Ta Andrew Brown Ta Mt atatat@NetBSD.org
1360.It Ta David Brownlee Ta Mt abs@NetBSD.org
1361.It Ta Frederick Bruckman Ta Mt fredb@NetBSD.org
1362.It Ta Jon Buller Ta Mt jonb@NetBSD.org
1363.It Ta Simon Burge Ta Mt simonb@NetBSD.org
1364.It Ta Robert Byrnes Ta Mt byrnes@NetBSD.org
1365.It Ta Pavel Cahyna Ta Mt pavel@NetBSD.org
1366.It Ta D'Arcy J.M. Cain Ta Mt darcy@NetBSD.org
1367.It Ta Daniel Carosone Ta Mt dan@NetBSD.org
1368.It Ta Dave Carrel Ta Mt carrel@NetBSD.org
1369.It Ta James Chacon Ta Mt jmc@NetBSD.org
1370.It Ta Mihai Chelaru Ta Mt kefren@NetBSD.org
1371.It Ta Bill Coldwell Ta Mt billc@NetBSD.org
1372.It Ta Julian Coleman Ta Mt jdc@NetBSD.org
1373.It Ta Ben Collver Ta Mt ben@NetBSD.org
1374.It Ta Marcus Comstedt Ta Mt marcus@NetBSD.org
1375.It Ta Jeremy Cooper Ta Mt jeremy@NetBSD.org
1376.It Ta Chuck Cranor Ta Mt chuck@NetBSD.org
1377.It Ta Alistair Crooks Ta Mt agc@NetBSD.org
1378.It Ta Aidan Cully Ta Mt aidan@NetBSD.org
1379.It Ta Garrett D'Amore Ta Mt gdamore@NetBSD.org
1380.It Ta Johan Danielsson Ta Mt joda@NetBSD.org
1381.It Ta John Darrow Ta Mt jdarrow@NetBSD.org
1382.It Ta Jed Davis Ta Mt jld@NetBSD.org
1383.It Ta Matt DeBergalis Ta Mt deberg@NetBSD.org
1384.It Ta Arnaud Degroote Ta Mt degroote@NetBSD.org
1385.It Ta Rob Deker Ta Mt deker@NetBSD.org
1386.It Ta Chris G. Demetriou Ta Mt cgd@NetBSD.org
1387.It Ta Tracy Di Marco White Ta Mt gendalia@NetBSD.org
1388.It Ta Jarom\('ir Dolecek Ta Mt jdolecek@NetBSD.org
1389.It Ta Andy Doran Ta Mt ad@NetBSD.org
1390.It Ta Roland Dowdeswell Ta Mt elric@NetBSD.org
1391.It Ta Emmanuel Dreyfus Ta Mt manu@NetBSD.org
1392.It Ta Matthias Drochner Ta Mt drochner@NetBSD.org
1393.It Ta Jun Ebihara Ta Mt jun@NetBSD.org
1394.It Ta H\(oavard Eidnes Ta Mt he@NetBSD.org
1395.It Ta Jaime A Fournier Ta Mt ober@NetBSD.org
1396.It Ta Stoned Elipot Ta Mt seb@NetBSD.org
1397.It Ta Michael van Elst Ta Mt mlelstv@NetBSD.org
1398.It Ta Enami Tsugutomo Ta Mt enami@NetBSD.org
1399.It Ta Bernd Ernesti Ta Mt veego@NetBSD.org
1400.It Ta Erik Fair Ta Mt fair@NetBSD.org
1401.It Ta Gavan Fantom Ta Mt gavan@NetBSD.org
1402.It Ta Hauke Fath Ta Mt hauke@NetBSD.org
1403.It Ta Hubert Feyrer Ta Mt hubertf@NetBSD.org
1404.It Ta Jason R. Fink Ta Mt jrf@NetBSD.org
1405.It Ta Matt J. Fleming Ta Mt mjf@NetBSD.org
1406.It Ta Marty Fouts Ta Mt marty@NetBSD.org
1407.It Ta Liam J. Foy Ta Mt liamjfoy@NetBSD.org
1408.It Ta Matt Fredette Ta Mt fredette@NetBSD.org
1409.It Ta Thorsten Frueauf Ta Mt frueauf@NetBSD.org
1410.It Ta Castor Fu Ta Mt castor@NetBSD.org
1411.It Ta Ichiro Fukuhara Ta Mt ichiro@NetBSD.org
1412.It Ta Quentin Garnier Ta Mt cube@NetBSD.org
1413.It Ta Thomas Gerner Ta Mt thomas@NetBSD.org
1414.It Ta Simon J. Gerraty Ta Mt sjg@NetBSD.org
1415.It Ta Justin Gibbs Ta Mt gibbs@NetBSD.org
1416.It Ta Chris Gilbert Ta Mt chris@NetBSD.org
1417.It Ta Eric Gillespie Ta Mt epg@NetBSD.org
1418.It Ta Brian Ginsbach Ta Mt ginsbach@NetBSD.org
1419.It Ta Paul Goyette Ta Mt pgoyette@NetBSD.org
1420.It Ta Michael Graff Ta Mt explorer@NetBSD.org
1421.It Ta Brian C. Grayson Ta Mt bgrayson@NetBSD.org
1422.It Ta Matthew Green Ta Mt mrg@NetBSD.org
1423.It Ta Andreas Gustafsson Ta Mt gson@NetBSD.org
1424.It Ta Ulrich Habel Ta Mt rhaen@NetBSD.org
1425.It Ta Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino Ta Mt itojun@NetBSD.org
1426.It Ta HAMAJIMA Katsuomi Ta Mt hamajima@NetBSD.org
1427.It Ta Adam Hamsik Ta Mt haad@NetBSD.org
1428.It Ta Juergen Hannken-Illjes Ta Mt hannken@NetBSD.org
1429.It Ta Charles M. Hannum Ta Mt mycroft@NetBSD.org
1430.It Ta Ben Harris Ta Mt bjh21@NetBSD.org
1431.It Ta Ross Harvey Ta Mt ross@NetBSD.org
1432.It Ta Eric Haszlakiewicz Ta Mt erh@NetBSD.org
1433.It Ta John Hawkinson Ta Mt jhawk@NetBSD.org
1434.It Ta Emile Heitor Ta Mt imil@NetBSD.org
1435.It Ta HAYAKAWA Koichi Ta Mt haya@NetBSD.org
1436.It Ta John Heasley Ta Mt heas@NetBSD.org
1437.It Ta Geert Hendrickx Ta Mt ghen@NetBSD.org
1438.It Ta Ren\('e Hexel Ta Mt rh@NetBSD.org
1439.It Ta Iain Hibbert Ta Mt plunky@NetBSD.org
1440.It Ta Kouichirou Hiratsuka Ta Mt hira@NetBSD.org
1441.It Ta Michael L. Hitch Ta Mt mhitch@NetBSD.org
1442.It Ta \('Ad\('am H\('oka Ta Mt ahoka@NetBSD.org
1443.It Ta Jachym Holecek Ta Mt freza@NetBSD.org
1444.It Ta David A. Holland Ta Mt dholland@NetBSD.org
1445.It Ta Christian E. Hopps Ta Mt chopps@NetBSD.org
1446.It Ta Ken Hornstein Ta Mt kenh@NetBSD.org
1447.It Ta Marc Horowitz Ta Mt marc@NetBSD.org
1448.It Ta Eduardo Horvath Ta Mt eeh@NetBSD.org
1449.It Ta Nick Hudson Ta Mt skrll@NetBSD.org
1450.It Ta Shell Hung Ta Mt shell@NetBSD.org
1451.It Ta Darran Hunt Ta Mt darran@NetBSD.org
1452.It Ta Martin Husemann Ta Mt martin@NetBSD.org
1453.It Ta Dean Huxley Ta Mt dean@NetBSD.org
1454.It Ta Love H\(:ornquist \(oAstrand Ta Mt lha@NetBSD.org
1455.It Ta Roland Illig Ta Mt rillig@NetBSD.org
1456.It Ta Bernardo Innocenti Ta Mt bernie@NetBSD.org
1457.It Ta Tetsuya Isaki Ta Mt isaki@NetBSD.org
1458.It Ta ITOH Yasufumi Ta Mt itohy@NetBSD.org
1459.It Ta IWAMOTO Toshihiro Ta Mt toshii@NetBSD.org
1460.It Ta Matthew Jacob Ta Mt mjacob@NetBSD.org
1461.It Ta Soren Jacobsen Ta Mt snj@NetBSD.org
1462.It Ta Lonhyn T. Jasinskyj Ta Mt lonhyn@NetBSD.org
1463.It Ta Darrin Jewell Ta Mt dbj@NetBSD.org
1464.It Ta Nicolas Joly Ta Mt njoly@NetBSD.org
1465.It Ta Chris Jones Ta Mt cjones@NetBSD.org
1466.It Ta S\(/oren J\(/orvang Ta Mt soren@NetBSD.org
1467.It Ta Takahiro Kambe Ta Mt taca@NetBSD.org
1468.It Ta Masanori Kanaoka Ta Mt kanaoka@NetBSD.org
1469.It Ta Antti Kantee Ta Mt pooka@NetBSD.org
1470.It Ta Frank Kardel Ta Mt kardel@NetBSD.org
1471.It Ta Mattias Karlsson Ta Mt keihan@NetBSD.org
1472.It Ta KAWAMOTO Yosihisa Ta Mt kawamoto@NetBSD.org
1473.It Ta Mario Kemper Ta Mt magick@NetBSD.org
1474.It Ta Min Sik Kim Ta Mt minskim@NetBSD.org
1475.It Ta Thomas Klausner Ta Mt wiz@NetBSD.org
1476.It Ta Klaus Klein Ta Mt kleink@NetBSD.org
1477.It Ta John Klos Ta Mt jklos@NetBSD.org
1478.It Ta Wayne Knowles Ta Mt wdk@NetBSD.org
1479.It Ta Takayoshi Kochi Ta Mt kochi@NetBSD.org
1480.It Ta John Kohl Ta Mt jtk@NetBSD.org
1481.It Ta Daniel de Kok Ta Mt daniel@NetBSD.org
1482.It Ta Jonathan A. Kollasch Ta Mt jakllsch@NetBSD.org
1483.It Ta Paul Kranenburg Ta Mt pk@NetBSD.org
1484.It Ta Lubomir Kundrak Ta Mt lkundrak@NetBSD.org
1485.It Ta Jochen Kunz Ta Mt jkunz@NetBSD.org
1486.It Ta Martti Kuparinen Ta Mt martti@NetBSD.org
1487.It Ta Kentaro A. Kurahone Ta Mt kurahone@NetBSD.org
1488.It Ta Arnaud Lacombe Ta Mt alc@NetBSD.org
1489.It Ta Kevin Lahey Ta Mt kml@NetBSD.org
1490.It Ta David Laight Ta Mt dsl@NetBSD.org
1491.It Ta Johnny C. Lam Ta Mt jlam@NetBSD.org
1492.It Ta Martin J. Laubach Ta Mt mjl@NetBSD.org
1493.It Ta Greg Lehey Ta Mt grog@NetBSD.org
1494.It Ta Ted Lemon Ta Mt mellon@NetBSD.org
1495.It Ta Christian Limpach Ta Mt cl@NetBSD.org
1496.It Ta Frank van der Linden Ta Mt fvdl@NetBSD.org
1497.It Ta Joel Lindholm Ta Mt joel@NetBSD.org
1498.It Ta Tonnerre Lombard Ta Mt tonnerre@NetBSD.org
1499.It Ta Mike Long Ta Mt mikel@NetBSD.org
1500.It Ta Michael Lorenz Ta Mt macallan@NetBSD.org
1501.It Ta Warner Losh Ta Mt imp@NetBSD.org
1502.It Ta Tomasz Luchowski Ta Mt zuntum@NetBSD.org
1503.It Ta Federico Lupi Ta Mt federico@NetBSD.org
1504.It Ta Brett Lymn Ta Mt blymn@NetBSD.org
1505.It Ta Paul Mackerras Ta Mt paulus@NetBSD.org
1506.It Ta MAEKAWA Masahide Ta Mt gehenna@NetBSD.org
1507.It Ta Anders Magnusson Ta Mt ragge@NetBSD.org
1508.It Ta Roy Marples Ta Mt roy@NetBSD.org
1509.It Ta Cherry G. Mathew Ta Mt cherry@NetBSD.org
1510.It Ta David Maxwell Ta Mt david@NetBSD.org
1511.It Ta Gregory McGarry Ta Mt gmcgarry@NetBSD.org
1512.It Ta Dan McMahill Ta Mt dmcmahill@NetBSD.org
1513.It Ta Jared D. McNeill Ta Mt jmcneill@NetBSD.org
1514.It Ta Neil J. McRae Ta Mt neil@NetBSD.org
1515.It Ta Julio M. Merino Vidal Ta Mt jmmv@NetBSD.org
1516.It Ta Perry Metzger Ta Mt perry@NetBSD.org
1517.It Ta Luke Mewburn Ta Mt lukem@NetBSD.org
1518.It Ta Jean-Yves Migeon Ta Mt jym@NetBSD.org
1519.It Ta Brook Milligan Ta Mt brook@NetBSD.org
1520.It Ta Minoura Makoto Ta Mt minoura@NetBSD.org
1521.It Ta Simas Mockevicius Ta Mt symka@NetBSD.org
1522.It Ta der Mouse Ta Mt mouse@NetBSD.org
1523.It Ta Joseph Myers Ta Mt jsm@NetBSD.org
1524.It Ta Tuomo M\(:akinen Ta Mt tjam@NetBSD.org
1525.It Ta Ken Nakata Ta Mt kenn@NetBSD.org
1526.It Ta Takeshi Nakayama Ta Mt nakayama@NetBSD.org
1527.It Ta Phil Nelson Ta Mt phil@NetBSD.org
1528.It Ta John Nemeth Ta Mt jnemeth@NetBSD.org
1529.It Ta Bob Nestor Ta Mt rnestor@NetBSD.org
1530.It Ta NISHIMURA Takeshi Ta Mt nsmrtks@NetBSD.org
1531.It Ta Tohru Nishimura Ta Mt nisimura@NetBSD.org
1532.It Ta NONAKA Kimihiro Ta Mt nonaka@NetBSD.org
1533.It Ta Takehiko NOZAKI Ta Mt tnozaki@NetBSD.org
1534.It Ta Tobias Nygren Ta Mt tnn@NetBSD.org
1535.It Ta OBATA Akio Ta Mt obache@NetBSD.org
1536.It Ta Jesse Off Ta Mt joff@NetBSD.org
1537.It Ta Tatoku Ogaito Ta Mt tacha@NetBSD.org
1538.It Ta OKANO Takayoshi Ta Mt kano@NetBSD.org
1539.It Ta Masaru Oki Ta Mt oki@NetBSD.org
1540.It Ta Atsushi Onoe Ta Mt onoe@NetBSD.org
1541.It Ta Greg Oster Ta Mt oster@NetBSD.org
1542.It Ta Rui Paulo Ta Mt rpaulo@NetBSD.org
1543.It Ta Jonathan Perkin Ta Mt sketch@NetBSD.org
1544.It Ta Andrey Petrov Ta Mt petrov@NetBSD.org
1545.It Ta Herb Peyerl Ta Mt hpeyerl@NetBSD.org
1546.It Ta Matthias Pfaller Ta Mt matthias@NetBSD.org
1547.It Ta Chris Pinnock Ta Mt cjep@NetBSD.org
1548.It Ta Adrian Portelli Ta Mt adrianp@NetBSD.org
1549.It Ta Peter Postma Ta Mt peter@NetBSD.org
1550.It Ta Dante Profeta Ta Mt dante@NetBSD.org
1551.It Ta Chris Provenzano Ta Mt proven@NetBSD.org
1552.It Ta Niels Provos Ta Mt provos@NetBSD.org
1553.It Ta Mindaugas Rasiukevicius Ta Mt rmind@NetBSD.org
1554.It Ta Michael Rauch Ta Mt mrauch@NetBSD.org
1555.It Ta Marc Recht Ta Mt recht@NetBSD.org
1556.It Ta Darren Reed Ta Mt darrenr@NetBSD.org
1557.It Ta Jeremy C. Reed Ta Mt reed@NetBSD.org
1558.It Ta Jens Rehsack Ta Mt sno@NetBSD.org
1559.It Ta Antoine Reilles Ta Mt tonio@NetBSD.org
1560.It Ta Tyler R. Retzlaff Ta Mt rtr@NetBSD.org
1561.It Ta Scott Reynolds Ta Mt scottr@NetBSD.org
1562.It Ta Michael Richardson Ta Mt mcr@NetBSD.org
1563.It Ta Tim Rightnour Ta Mt garbled@NetBSD.org
1564.It Ta Alan Ritter Ta Mt rittera@NetBSD.org
1565.It Ta Jeff Rizzo Ta Mt riz@NetBSD.org
1566.It Ta Hans Rosenfeld Ta Mt hans@NetBSD.org
1567.It Ta Gordon Ross Ta Mt gwr@NetBSD.org
1568.It Ta Steve Rumble Ta Mt rumble@NetBSD.org
1569.It Ta Ilpo Ruotsalainen Ta Mt lonewolf@NetBSD.org
1570.It Ta Heiko W. Rupp Ta Mt hwr@NetBSD.org
1571.It Ta Blair J. Sadewitz Ta Mt bjs@NetBSD.org
1572.It Ta David Sainty Ta Mt dsainty@NetBSD.org
1573.It Ta SAITOH Masanobu Ta Mt msaitoh@NetBSD.org
1574.It Ta Kazuki Sakamoto Ta Mt sakamoto@NetBSD.org
1575.It Ta Curt Sampson Ta Mt cjs@NetBSD.org
1576.It Ta Wilfredo Sanchez Ta Mt wsanchez@NetBSD.org
1577.It Ta Ty Sarna Ta Mt tsarna@NetBSD.org
1578.It Ta SATO Kazumi Ta Mt sato@NetBSD.org
1579.It Ta Jan Schaumann Ta Mt jschauma@NetBSD.org
1580.It Ta Matthias Scheler Ta Mt tron@NetBSD.org
1581.It Ta Silke Scheler Ta Mt silke@NetBSD.org
1582.It Ta Karl Schilke (rAT) Ta Mt rat@NetBSD.org
1583.It Ta Amitai Schlair Ta Mt schmonz@NetBSD.org
1584.It Ta Konrad Schroder Ta Mt perseant@NetBSD.org
1585.It Ta Georg Schwarz Ta Mt schwarz@NetBSD.org
1586.It Ta Lubomir Sedlacik Ta Mt salo@NetBSD.org
1587.It Ta Christopher SEKIYA Ta Mt sekiya@NetBSD.org
1588.It Ta Reed Shadgett Ta Mt dent@NetBSD.org
1589.It Ta John Shannon Ta Mt shannonjr@NetBSD.org
1590.It Ta Tim Shepard Ta Mt shep@NetBSD.org
1591.It Ta Takeshi Shibagaki Ta Mt shiba@NetBSD.org
1592.It Ta Naoto Shimazaki Ta Mt igy@NetBSD.org
1593.It Ta Takao Shinohara Ta Mt shin@NetBSD.org
1594.It Ta Takuya SHIOZAKI Ta Mt tshiozak@NetBSD.org
1595.It Ta Daniel Sieger Ta Mt dsieger@NetBSD.org
1596.It Ta Chuck Silvers Ta Mt chs@NetBSD.org
1597.It Ta Thor Lancelot Simon Ta Mt tls@NetBSD.org
1598.It Ta Jeff Smith Ta Mt jeffs@NetBSD.org
1599.It Ta Noriyuki Soda Ta Mt soda@NetBSD.org
1600.It Ta Wolfgang Solfrank Ta Mt ws@NetBSD.org
1601.It Ta SOMEYA Yoshihiko Ta Mt someya@NetBSD.org
1602.It Ta Bill Sommerfeld Ta Mt sommerfeld@NetBSD.org
1603.It Ta J\(:org Sonnenberger Ta Mt joerg@NetBSD.org
1604.It Ta Ignatios Souvatzis Ta Mt is@NetBSD.org
1605.It Ta T K Spindler Ta Mt dogcow@NetBSD.org
1606.It Ta Bill Squier Ta Mt groo@NetBSD.org
1607.It Ta Jonathan Stone Ta Mt jonathan@NetBSD.org
1608.It Ta Bill Studenmund Ta Mt wrstuden@NetBSD.org
1609.It Ta Kevin Sullivan Ta Mt sullivan@NetBSD.org
1610.It Ta SUNAGAWA Keiki Ta Mt kei@NetBSD.org
1611.It Ta Kimmo Suominen Ta Mt kim@NetBSD.org
1612.It Ta Sergey Svishchev Ta Mt shattered@NetBSD.org
1613.It Ta Robert Swindells Ta Mt rjs@NetBSD.org
1614.It Ta Shin Takemura Ta Mt takemura@NetBSD.org
1615.It Ta TAMURA Kent Ta Mt kent@NetBSD.org
1616.It Ta Shin'ichiro TAYA Ta Mt taya@NetBSD.org
1617.It Ta Ian Lance Taylor Ta Mt ian@NetBSD.org
1618.It Ta Hasso Tepper Ta Mt hasso@NetBSD.org
1619.It Ta Matt Thomas Ta Mt matt@NetBSD.org
1620.It Ta Jason Thorpe Ta Mt thorpej@NetBSD.org
1621.It Ta Christoph Toshok Ta Mt toshok@NetBSD.org
1622.It Ta Greg Troxel Ta Mt gdt@NetBSD.org
1623.It Ta Tsubai Masanari Ta Mt tsubai@NetBSD.org
1624.It Ta Izumi Tsutsui Ta Mt tsutsui@NetBSD.org
1625.It Ta UCHIYAMA Yasushi Ta Mt uch@NetBSD.org
1626.It Ta Masao Uebayashi Ta Mt uebayasi@NetBSD.org
1627.It Ta Shuichiro URATA Ta Mt ur@NetBSD.org
1628.It Ta Valeriy E. Ushakov Ta Mt uwe@NetBSD.org
1629.It Ta Todd Vierling Ta Mt tv@NetBSD.org
1630.It Ta Aymeric Vincent Ta Mt aymeric@NetBSD.org
1631.It Ta Paul Vixie Ta Mt vixie@NetBSD.org
1632.It Ta Mike M. Volokhov Ta Mt mishka@NetBSD.org
1633.It Ta Krister Walfridsson Ta Mt kristerw@NetBSD.org
1634.lt Ta Mark Weinem Ta Mt weinem@NetBSD.org
1635.It Ta Lex Wennmacher Ta Mt wennmach@NetBSD.org
1636.It Ta Leo Weppelman Ta Mt leo@NetBSD.org
1637.It Ta Assar Westerlund Ta Mt assar@NetBSD.org
1638.It Ta Todd Whitesel Ta Mt toddpw@NetBSD.org
1639.It Ta Frank Wille Ta Mt phx@NetBSD.org
1640.It Ta Nathan Williams Ta Mt nathanw@NetBSD.org
1641.It Ta Rob Windsor Ta Mt windsor@NetBSD.org
1642.It Ta Dan Winship Ta Mt danw@NetBSD.org
1643.It Ta Jim Wise Ta Mt jwise@NetBSD.org
1644.It Ta Michael Wolfson Ta Mt mbw@NetBSD.org
1645.It Ta Colin Wood Ta Mt ender@NetBSD.org
1646.It Ta Steve Woodford Ta Mt scw@NetBSD.org
1647.It Ta YAMAMOTO Takashi Ta Mt yamt@NetBSD.org
1648.It Ta Yuji Yamano Ta Mt yyamano@NetBSD.org
1649.It Ta David Young Ta Mt dyoung@NetBSD.org
1650.It Ta Reinoud Zandijk Ta Mt reinoud@NetBSD.org
1651.It Ta S.P.Zeidler Ta Mt spz@NetBSD.org
1652.It Ta Maria Zevenhoven Ta Mt maria7@NetBSD.org
1653.It Ta Tim Zingelman Ta Mt tez@NetBSD.org
1654.It Ta Christos Zoulas Ta Mt christos@NetBSD.org
1655.It Ta Ta
1656.
1657.br_ne 2i
1658.It Em "Other contributors:"
1659.It Ta Ta
1660.It Ta Dave Burgess Ta Mt burgess@cynjut.infonet.net
1661.It Ta Brian R. Gaeke Ta Mt brg@dgate.org
1662.It Ta Brad Grantham Ta Mt grantham@tenon.com
1663.It Ta Lawrence Kesteloot Ta Mt kesteloo@cs.unc.edu
1664.It Ta Waldi Ravens Ta Mt waldi@moacs.indiv.nl.net
1665.
1666.El
1667.
1668.Ss "Legal Mumbo-Jumbo"
1669.Pp
1670.
1671All product names mentioned herein are trademarks or registered
1672trademarks of their respective owners.
1673.Pp
1674The following notices are required to satisfy the license terms of
1675the software that we have mentioned in this document:
1676.Pp
1677.nr save_size \n[.s]
1678.nr save_vs \n[.v]
1679.ps 8
1680.vs 9
1681.Ht <font size=-1>
1682.(item -compact
1683.so ../common/legal.common -----------------------------------------------
1684.so legal -----------------------------------------------
1685.item)
1686.Ht </font>
1687.ps
1688.vs
1689.Ss "The End"
1690