1Installation is supported from several media types, including: 2 3 FTP 4 Remote NFS partition 5 CD-ROM 6 7No matter which installation medium you choose, you'll need to have 8either a 1.44 MB floppy disk (if your Alpha has a floppy drive to 9boot from) or you'll have to set up a server with BOOTP, TFTP and 10NFS to boot from as described later in this document. 11 12If you are using a UN*X-like system to write the floppy images to 13disks, you should use the "dd" command to copy the file system image 14(.fs file) directly to the raw floppy disk. It is suggested that you 15read the dd(1) manual page or ask your system administrator to 16determine the correct set of arguments to use; it will be slightly 17different from system to system, and a comprehensive list of the 18possibilities is beyond the scope of this document. 19 20If you are using DOS to write the floppy image to disk, you should 21use the "rawrite" utility, provided in the "i386/utilities" directory 22of the NetBSD distribution. It will write the file system image (.fs 23file) to disks. 24 25Note that, when installing or upgrading, the floppy can be 26write-protected if you wish. These systems mount ramdisks as their 27root file systems once booted, and will not need to write to the 28floppy itself at any time -- indeed, once booted, the floppy may be 29removed from the disk drive. 30 31Obviously, the steps necessary to prepare the distribution sets 32for installation depend on which installation medium you choose. 33The steps for the various media are outlined below. 34 35To install NetBSD using NFS to get the installation sets, you must 36do the following: 37 38 Place the NetBSD distribution sets you wish to install into a 39 directory on an NFS server, and make that directory mountable 40 by the machine on which you are installing or upgrading NetBSD. 41 This will probably require modifying the /etc/exports file on 42 of the NFS server and resetting its mount daemon (mountd). 43 (Both of these actions will probably require superuser 44 privileges on the server.) 45 46 You need to know the the numeric IP address of the NFS server, 47 and, if the server is not on a network directly connected to 48 the machine on which you're installing or upgrading NetBSD, 49 you need to know the numeric IP address of the router closest 50 to the NetBSD machine. Finally, you need to know the numeric 51 IP address of the NetBSD machine itself. The install 52 program will ask you to provide this information to be able 53 to access the sets. 54 55 Once the NFS server is set up properly and you have the 56 information mentioned above, you can start the actual 57 installation process. 58 59To install NetBSD by using FTP to get the installation sets, you 60must do the following: 61 62 The preparations for this installation method are easy; 63 all you make sure that there's some FTP site from which 64 you can retrieve the NetBSD distribution when you're about 65 to install. You need to know the numeric IP address of that 66 site, and, if it's not on a network directly connected to 67 the machine on which you're installing or upgrading NetBSD, 68 you need to know the numeric IP address of the router 69 closest to the NetBSD machine. Finally, you need to know 70 the numeric IP address of the NetBSD machine itself. The 71 install program will ask you to provide this information 72 to be able to access the sets via ftp. 73 74 Once you have this information, you can proceed to the actual 75 installation. 76 77To install NetBSD by using a CD-ROM to get the installation sets, 78you must do the following: 79 80 Have a CD-ROM with the installation sets on it, and a CD-ROM 81 drive on your machine. 82 83If you are upgrading NetBSD, you also have the option of installing 84NetBSD by putting the new distribution sets somewhere in your existing 85file system, and using them from there. To do that, you must do the 86following: 87 88 Place the distribution sets you wish to upgrade somewhere in 89 your current file system tree. Please note that the /dev on 90 the floppy used for upgrades only knows about wd0, wd1, sd0, 91 sd1 and sd2. If you have more than two IDE drives or more than 92 three SCSI drives, you should take care not to place the sets 93 on the high numbered drives. 94 95 At a bare minimum, you must upgrade the "base" and "kern" 96 binary distribution, and so must put the "base" and 97 "kern" sets somewhere in your file system. If you wish, 98 you can do the other sets, as well, but you should NOT upgrade 99 the "etc" distribution; the "etc" distribution contains system 100 configuration files that you should review and update by hand. 101 102 Once you have done this, you can proceed to the next step in 103 the upgrade process, actually upgrading your system. 104