xref: /netbsd-src/crypto/external/bsd/openssh/dist/sshkey.c (revision 82d56013d7b633d116a93943de88e08335357a7c)
1 /*	$NetBSD: sshkey.c,v 1.26 2021/04/19 14:40:15 christos Exp $	*/
2 /* $OpenBSD: sshkey.c,v 1.116 2021/04/03 06:18:41 djm Exp $ */
3 
4 /*
5  * Copyright (c) 2000, 2001 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
6  * Copyright (c) 2008 Alexander von Gernler.  All rights reserved.
7  * Copyright (c) 2010,2011 Damien Miller.  All rights reserved.
8  *
9  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11  * are met:
12  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17  *
18  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
20  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
21  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
22  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
23  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
24  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
25  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
26  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
27  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29 #include "includes.h"
30 __RCSID("$NetBSD: sshkey.c,v 1.26 2021/04/19 14:40:15 christos Exp $");
31 
32 #include <sys/types.h>
33 #include <netinet/in.h>
34 
35 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
36 #include <openssl/evp.h>
37 #include <openssl/err.h>
38 #include <openssl/pem.h>
39 #endif
40 
41 #include "crypto_api.h"
42 
43 #include <errno.h>
44 #include <stdio.h>
45 #include <string.h>
46 #include <util.h>
47 #include <limits.h>
48 #include <resolv.h>
49 
50 #include "ssh2.h"
51 #include "ssherr.h"
52 #include "misc.h"
53 #include "sshbuf.h"
54 #include "cipher.h"
55 #include "digest.h"
56 #define SSHKEY_INTERNAL
57 #include "sshkey.h"
58 #include "match.h"
59 #include "ssh-sk.h"
60 
61 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
62 #include "sshkey-xmss.h"
63 #include "xmss_fast.h"
64 #endif
65 
66 /* openssh private key file format */
67 #define MARK_BEGIN		"-----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----\n"
68 #define MARK_END		"-----END OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----\n"
69 #define MARK_BEGIN_LEN		(sizeof(MARK_BEGIN) - 1)
70 #define MARK_END_LEN		(sizeof(MARK_END) - 1)
71 #define KDFNAME			"bcrypt"
72 #define AUTH_MAGIC		"openssh-key-v1"
73 #define SALT_LEN		16
74 #define DEFAULT_CIPHERNAME	"aes256-ctr"
75 #define	DEFAULT_ROUNDS		16
76 
77 /* Version identification string for SSH v1 identity files. */
78 #define LEGACY_BEGIN		"SSH PRIVATE KEY FILE FORMAT 1.1\n"
79 
80 /*
81  * Constants relating to "shielding" support; protection of keys expected
82  * to remain in memory for long durations
83  */
84 #define SSHKEY_SHIELD_PREKEY_LEN	(16 * 1024)
85 #define SSHKEY_SHIELD_CIPHER		"aes256-ctr" /* XXX want AES-EME* */
86 #define SSHKEY_SHIELD_PREKEY_HASH	SSH_DIGEST_SHA512
87 
88 int	sshkey_private_serialize_opt(struct sshkey *key,
89     struct sshbuf *buf, enum sshkey_serialize_rep);
90 static int sshkey_from_blob_internal(struct sshbuf *buf,
91     struct sshkey **keyp, int allow_cert);
92 
93 /* Supported key types */
94 struct keytype {
95 	const char *name;
96 	const char *shortname;
97 	const char *sigalg;
98 	int type;
99 	int nid;
100 	int cert;
101 	int sigonly;
102 };
103 static const struct keytype keytypes[] = {
104 	{ "ssh-ed25519", "ED25519", NULL, KEY_ED25519, 0, 0, 0 },
105 	{ "ssh-ed25519-cert-v01@openssh.com", "ED25519-CERT", NULL,
106 	    KEY_ED25519_CERT, 0, 1, 0 },
107 	{ "sk-ssh-ed25519@openssh.com", "ED25519-SK", NULL,
108 	    KEY_ED25519_SK, 0, 0, 0 },
109 	{ "sk-ssh-ed25519-cert-v01@openssh.com", "ED25519-SK-CERT", NULL,
110 	    KEY_ED25519_SK_CERT, 0, 1, 0 },
111 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
112 	{ "ssh-xmss@openssh.com", "XMSS", NULL, KEY_XMSS, 0, 0, 0 },
113 	{ "ssh-xmss-cert-v01@openssh.com", "XMSS-CERT", NULL,
114 	    KEY_XMSS_CERT, 0, 1, 0 },
115 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
116 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
117 	{ "ssh-rsa", "RSA", NULL, KEY_RSA, 0, 0, 0 },
118 	{ "rsa-sha2-256", "RSA", NULL, KEY_RSA, 0, 0, 1 },
119 	{ "rsa-sha2-512", "RSA", NULL, KEY_RSA, 0, 0, 1 },
120 	{ "ssh-dss", "DSA", NULL, KEY_DSA, 0, 0, 0 },
121 	{ "ecdsa-sha2-nistp256", "ECDSA", NULL,
122 	    KEY_ECDSA, NID_X9_62_prime256v1, 0, 0 },
123 	{ "ecdsa-sha2-nistp384", "ECDSA", NULL,
124 	    KEY_ECDSA, NID_secp384r1, 0, 0 },
125 	{ "ecdsa-sha2-nistp521", "ECDSA", NULL,
126 	    KEY_ECDSA, NID_secp521r1, 0, 0 },
127 	{ "sk-ecdsa-sha2-nistp256@openssh.com", "ECDSA-SK", NULL,
128 	    KEY_ECDSA_SK, NID_X9_62_prime256v1, 0, 0 },
129 	{ "webauthn-sk-ecdsa-sha2-nistp256@openssh.com", "ECDSA-SK", NULL,
130 	    KEY_ECDSA_SK, NID_X9_62_prime256v1, 0, 1 },
131 	{ "ssh-rsa-cert-v01@openssh.com", "RSA-CERT", NULL,
132 	    KEY_RSA_CERT, 0, 1, 0 },
133 	{ "rsa-sha2-256-cert-v01@openssh.com", "RSA-CERT",
134 	    "rsa-sha2-256", KEY_RSA_CERT, 0, 1, 1 },
135 	{ "rsa-sha2-512-cert-v01@openssh.com", "RSA-CERT",
136 	    "rsa-sha2-512", KEY_RSA_CERT, 0, 1, 1 },
137 	{ "ssh-dss-cert-v01@openssh.com", "DSA-CERT", NULL,
138 	    KEY_DSA_CERT, 0, 1, 0 },
139 	{ "ecdsa-sha2-nistp256-cert-v01@openssh.com", "ECDSA-CERT", NULL,
140 	    KEY_ECDSA_CERT, NID_X9_62_prime256v1, 1, 0 },
141 	{ "ecdsa-sha2-nistp384-cert-v01@openssh.com", "ECDSA-CERT", NULL,
142 	    KEY_ECDSA_CERT, NID_secp384r1, 1, 0 },
143 	{ "ecdsa-sha2-nistp521-cert-v01@openssh.com", "ECDSA-CERT", NULL,
144 	    KEY_ECDSA_CERT, NID_secp521r1, 1, 0 },
145 	{ "sk-ecdsa-sha2-nistp256-cert-v01@openssh.com", "ECDSA-SK-CERT", NULL,
146 	    KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT, NID_X9_62_prime256v1, 1, 0 },
147 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
148 	{ NULL, NULL, NULL, -1, -1, 0, 0 }
149 };
150 
151 const char *
152 sshkey_type(const struct sshkey *k)
153 {
154 	const struct keytype *kt;
155 
156 	for (kt = keytypes; kt->type != -1; kt++) {
157 		if (kt->type == k->type)
158 			return kt->shortname;
159 	}
160 	return "unknown";
161 }
162 
163 static const char *
164 sshkey_ssh_name_from_type_nid(int type, int nid)
165 {
166 	const struct keytype *kt;
167 
168 	for (kt = keytypes; kt->type != -1; kt++) {
169 		if (kt->type == type && (kt->nid == 0 || kt->nid == nid))
170 			return kt->name;
171 	}
172 	return "ssh-unknown";
173 }
174 
175 int
176 sshkey_type_is_cert(int type)
177 {
178 	const struct keytype *kt;
179 
180 	for (kt = keytypes; kt->type != -1; kt++) {
181 		if (kt->type == type)
182 			return kt->cert;
183 	}
184 	return 0;
185 }
186 
187 const char *
188 sshkey_ssh_name(const struct sshkey *k)
189 {
190 	return sshkey_ssh_name_from_type_nid(k->type, k->ecdsa_nid);
191 }
192 
193 const char *
194 sshkey_ssh_name_plain(const struct sshkey *k)
195 {
196 	return sshkey_ssh_name_from_type_nid(sshkey_type_plain(k->type),
197 	    k->ecdsa_nid);
198 }
199 
200 int
201 sshkey_type_from_name(const char *name)
202 {
203 	const struct keytype *kt;
204 
205 	for (kt = keytypes; kt->type != -1; kt++) {
206 		/* Only allow shortname matches for plain key types */
207 		if ((kt->name != NULL && strcmp(name, kt->name) == 0) ||
208 		    (!kt->cert && strcasecmp(kt->shortname, name) == 0))
209 			return kt->type;
210 	}
211 	return KEY_UNSPEC;
212 }
213 
214 static int
215 key_type_is_ecdsa_variant(int type)
216 {
217 	switch (type) {
218 	case KEY_ECDSA:
219 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
220 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
221 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT:
222 		return 1;
223 	}
224 	return 0;
225 }
226 
227 int
228 sshkey_ecdsa_nid_from_name(const char *name)
229 {
230 	const struct keytype *kt;
231 
232 	for (kt = keytypes; kt->type != -1; kt++) {
233 		if (!key_type_is_ecdsa_variant(kt->type))
234 			continue;
235 		if (kt->name != NULL && strcmp(name, kt->name) == 0)
236 			return kt->nid;
237 	}
238 	return -1;
239 }
240 
241 char *
242 sshkey_alg_list(int certs_only, int plain_only, int include_sigonly, char sep)
243 {
244 	char *tmp, *ret = NULL;
245 	size_t nlen, rlen = 0;
246 	const struct keytype *kt;
247 
248 	for (kt = keytypes; kt->type != -1; kt++) {
249 		if (kt->name == NULL)
250 			continue;
251 		if (!include_sigonly && kt->sigonly)
252 			continue;
253 		if ((certs_only && !kt->cert) || (plain_only && kt->cert))
254 			continue;
255 		if (ret != NULL)
256 			ret[rlen++] = sep;
257 		nlen = strlen(kt->name);
258 		if ((tmp = realloc(ret, rlen + nlen + 2)) == NULL) {
259 			free(ret);
260 			return NULL;
261 		}
262 		ret = tmp;
263 		memcpy(ret + rlen, kt->name, nlen + 1);
264 		rlen += nlen;
265 	}
266 	return ret;
267 }
268 
269 int
270 sshkey_names_valid2(const char *names, int allow_wildcard)
271 {
272 	char *s, *cp, *p;
273 	const struct keytype *kt;
274 	int type;
275 
276 	if (names == NULL || strcmp(names, "") == 0)
277 		return 0;
278 	if ((s = cp = strdup(names)) == NULL)
279 		return 0;
280 	for ((p = strsep(&cp, ",")); p && *p != '\0';
281 	    (p = strsep(&cp, ","))) {
282 		type = sshkey_type_from_name(p);
283 		if (type == KEY_UNSPEC) {
284 			if (allow_wildcard) {
285 				/*
286 				 * Try matching key types against the string.
287 				 * If any has a positive or negative match then
288 				 * the component is accepted.
289 				 */
290 				for (kt = keytypes; kt->type != -1; kt++) {
291 					if (match_pattern_list(kt->name,
292 					    p, 0) != 0)
293 						break;
294 				}
295 				if (kt->type != -1)
296 					continue;
297 			}
298 			free(s);
299 			return 0;
300 		}
301 	}
302 	free(s);
303 	return 1;
304 }
305 
306 u_int
307 sshkey_size(const struct sshkey *k)
308 {
309 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
310 	const BIGNUM *rsa_n, *dsa_p;
311 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
312 
313 	switch (k->type) {
314 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
315 	case KEY_RSA:
316 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
317 		if (k->rsa == NULL)
318 			return 0;
319 		RSA_get0_key(k->rsa, &rsa_n, NULL, NULL);
320 		return BN_num_bits(rsa_n);
321 	case KEY_DSA:
322 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
323 		if (k->dsa == NULL)
324 			return 0;
325 		DSA_get0_pqg(k->dsa, &dsa_p, NULL, NULL);
326 		return BN_num_bits(dsa_p);
327 	case KEY_ECDSA:
328 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
329 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
330 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT:
331 		return sshkey_curve_nid_to_bits(k->ecdsa_nid);
332 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
333 	case KEY_ED25519:
334 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
335 	case KEY_ED25519_SK:
336 	case KEY_ED25519_SK_CERT:
337 	case KEY_XMSS:
338 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
339 		return 256;	/* XXX */
340 	}
341 	return 0;
342 }
343 
344 static int
345 sshkey_type_is_valid_ca(int type)
346 {
347 	switch (type) {
348 	case KEY_RSA:
349 	case KEY_DSA:
350 	case KEY_ECDSA:
351 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
352 	case KEY_ED25519:
353 	case KEY_ED25519_SK:
354 	case KEY_XMSS:
355 		return 1;
356 	default:
357 		return 0;
358 	}
359 }
360 
361 int
362 sshkey_is_cert(const struct sshkey *k)
363 {
364 	if (k == NULL)
365 		return 0;
366 	return sshkey_type_is_cert(k->type);
367 }
368 
369 int
370 sshkey_is_sk(const struct sshkey *k)
371 {
372 	if (k == NULL)
373 		return 0;
374 	switch (sshkey_type_plain(k->type)) {
375 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
376 	case KEY_ED25519_SK:
377 		return 1;
378 	default:
379 		return 0;
380 	}
381 }
382 
383 /* Return the cert-less equivalent to a certified key type */
384 int
385 sshkey_type_plain(int type)
386 {
387 	switch (type) {
388 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
389 		return KEY_RSA;
390 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
391 		return KEY_DSA;
392 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
393 		return KEY_ECDSA;
394 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT:
395 		return KEY_ECDSA_SK;
396 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
397 		return KEY_ED25519;
398 	case KEY_ED25519_SK_CERT:
399 		return KEY_ED25519_SK;
400 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
401 		return KEY_XMSS;
402 	default:
403 		return type;
404 	}
405 }
406 
407 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
408 /* XXX: these are really begging for a table-driven approach */
409 int
410 sshkey_curve_name_to_nid(const char *name)
411 {
412 	if (strcmp(name, "nistp256") == 0)
413 		return NID_X9_62_prime256v1;
414 	else if (strcmp(name, "nistp384") == 0)
415 		return NID_secp384r1;
416 	else if (strcmp(name, "nistp521") == 0)
417 		return NID_secp521r1;
418 	else
419 		return -1;
420 }
421 
422 u_int
423 sshkey_curve_nid_to_bits(int nid)
424 {
425 	switch (nid) {
426 	case NID_X9_62_prime256v1:
427 		return 256;
428 	case NID_secp384r1:
429 		return 384;
430 	case NID_secp521r1:
431 		return 521;
432 	default:
433 		return 0;
434 	}
435 }
436 
437 int
438 sshkey_ecdsa_bits_to_nid(int bits)
439 {
440 	switch (bits) {
441 	case 256:
442 		return NID_X9_62_prime256v1;
443 	case 384:
444 		return NID_secp384r1;
445 	case 521:
446 		return NID_secp521r1;
447 	default:
448 		return -1;
449 	}
450 }
451 
452 const char *
453 sshkey_curve_nid_to_name(int nid)
454 {
455 	switch (nid) {
456 	case NID_X9_62_prime256v1:
457 		return "nistp256";
458 	case NID_secp384r1:
459 		return "nistp384";
460 	case NID_secp521r1:
461 		return "nistp521";
462 	default:
463 		return NULL;
464 	}
465 }
466 
467 int
468 sshkey_ec_nid_to_hash_alg(int nid)
469 {
470 	int kbits = sshkey_curve_nid_to_bits(nid);
471 
472 	if (kbits <= 0)
473 		return -1;
474 
475 	/* RFC5656 section 6.2.1 */
476 	if (kbits <= 256)
477 		return SSH_DIGEST_SHA256;
478 	else if (kbits <= 384)
479 		return SSH_DIGEST_SHA384;
480 	else
481 		return SSH_DIGEST_SHA512;
482 }
483 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
484 
485 static void
486 cert_free(struct sshkey_cert *cert)
487 {
488 	u_int i;
489 
490 	if (cert == NULL)
491 		return;
492 	sshbuf_free(cert->certblob);
493 	sshbuf_free(cert->critical);
494 	sshbuf_free(cert->extensions);
495 	free(cert->key_id);
496 	for (i = 0; i < cert->nprincipals; i++)
497 		free(cert->principals[i]);
498 	free(cert->principals);
499 	sshkey_free(cert->signature_key);
500 	free(cert->signature_type);
501 	freezero(cert, sizeof(*cert));
502 }
503 
504 static struct sshkey_cert *
505 cert_new(void)
506 {
507 	struct sshkey_cert *cert;
508 
509 	if ((cert = calloc(1, sizeof(*cert))) == NULL)
510 		return NULL;
511 	if ((cert->certblob = sshbuf_new()) == NULL ||
512 	    (cert->critical = sshbuf_new()) == NULL ||
513 	    (cert->extensions = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
514 		cert_free(cert);
515 		return NULL;
516 	}
517 	cert->key_id = NULL;
518 	cert->principals = NULL;
519 	cert->signature_key = NULL;
520 	cert->signature_type = NULL;
521 	return cert;
522 }
523 
524 struct sshkey *
525 sshkey_new(int type)
526 {
527 	struct sshkey *k;
528 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
529 	RSA *rsa;
530 	DSA *dsa;
531 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
532 
533 	if ((k = calloc(1, sizeof(*k))) == NULL)
534 		return NULL;
535 	k->type = type;
536 	k->ecdsa = NULL;
537 	k->ecdsa_nid = -1;
538 	k->dsa = NULL;
539 	k->rsa = NULL;
540 	k->cert = NULL;
541 	k->ed25519_sk = NULL;
542 	k->ed25519_pk = NULL;
543 	k->xmss_sk = NULL;
544 	k->xmss_pk = NULL;
545 	switch (k->type) {
546 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
547 	case KEY_RSA:
548 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
549 		if ((rsa = RSA_new()) == NULL) {
550 			free(k);
551 			return NULL;
552 		}
553 		k->rsa = rsa;
554 		break;
555 	case KEY_DSA:
556 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
557 		if ((dsa = DSA_new()) == NULL) {
558 			free(k);
559 			return NULL;
560 		}
561 		k->dsa = dsa;
562 		break;
563 	case KEY_ECDSA:
564 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
565 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
566 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT:
567 		/* Cannot do anything until we know the group */
568 		break;
569 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
570 	case KEY_ED25519:
571 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
572 	case KEY_ED25519_SK:
573 	case KEY_ED25519_SK_CERT:
574 	case KEY_XMSS:
575 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
576 		/* no need to prealloc */
577 		break;
578 	case KEY_UNSPEC:
579 		break;
580 	default:
581 		free(k);
582 		return NULL;
583 	}
584 
585 	if (sshkey_is_cert(k)) {
586 		if ((k->cert = cert_new()) == NULL) {
587 			sshkey_free(k);
588 			return NULL;
589 		}
590 	}
591 
592 	return k;
593 }
594 
595 void
596 sshkey_free(struct sshkey *k)
597 {
598 	if (k == NULL)
599 		return;
600 	switch (k->type) {
601 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
602 	case KEY_RSA:
603 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
604 		RSA_free(k->rsa);
605 		k->rsa = NULL;
606 		break;
607 	case KEY_DSA:
608 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
609 		DSA_free(k->dsa);
610 		k->dsa = NULL;
611 		break;
612 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
613 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT:
614 		free(k->sk_application);
615 		sshbuf_free(k->sk_key_handle);
616 		sshbuf_free(k->sk_reserved);
617 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
618 	case KEY_ECDSA:
619 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
620 		EC_KEY_free(k->ecdsa);
621 		k->ecdsa = NULL;
622 		break;
623 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
624 	case KEY_ED25519_SK:
625 	case KEY_ED25519_SK_CERT:
626 		free(k->sk_application);
627 		sshbuf_free(k->sk_key_handle);
628 		sshbuf_free(k->sk_reserved);
629 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
630 	case KEY_ED25519:
631 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
632 		freezero(k->ed25519_pk, ED25519_PK_SZ);
633 		k->ed25519_pk = NULL;
634 		freezero(k->ed25519_sk, ED25519_SK_SZ);
635 		k->ed25519_sk = NULL;
636 		break;
637 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
638 	case KEY_XMSS:
639 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
640 		freezero(k->xmss_pk, sshkey_xmss_pklen(k));
641 		k->xmss_pk = NULL;
642 		freezero(k->xmss_sk, sshkey_xmss_sklen(k));
643 		k->xmss_sk = NULL;
644 		sshkey_xmss_free_state(k);
645 		free(k->xmss_name);
646 		k->xmss_name = NULL;
647 		free(k->xmss_filename);
648 		k->xmss_filename = NULL;
649 		break;
650 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
651 	case KEY_UNSPEC:
652 		break;
653 	default:
654 		break;
655 	}
656 	if (sshkey_is_cert(k))
657 		cert_free(k->cert);
658 	freezero(k->shielded_private, k->shielded_len);
659 	freezero(k->shield_prekey, k->shield_prekey_len);
660 	freezero(k, sizeof(*k));
661 }
662 
663 static int
664 cert_compare(struct sshkey_cert *a, struct sshkey_cert *b)
665 {
666 	if (a == NULL && b == NULL)
667 		return 1;
668 	if (a == NULL || b == NULL)
669 		return 0;
670 	if (sshbuf_len(a->certblob) != sshbuf_len(b->certblob))
671 		return 0;
672 	if (timingsafe_bcmp(sshbuf_ptr(a->certblob), sshbuf_ptr(b->certblob),
673 	    sshbuf_len(a->certblob)) != 0)
674 		return 0;
675 	return 1;
676 }
677 
678 /*
679  * Compare public portions of key only, allowing comparisons between
680  * certificates and plain keys too.
681  */
682 int
683 sshkey_equal_public(const struct sshkey *a, const struct sshkey *b)
684 {
685 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
686 	const BIGNUM *rsa_e_a, *rsa_n_a;
687 	const BIGNUM *rsa_e_b, *rsa_n_b;
688 	const BIGNUM *dsa_p_a, *dsa_q_a, *dsa_g_a, *dsa_pub_key_a;
689 	const BIGNUM *dsa_p_b, *dsa_q_b, *dsa_g_b, *dsa_pub_key_b;
690 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
691 
692 	if (a == NULL || b == NULL ||
693 	    sshkey_type_plain(a->type) != sshkey_type_plain(b->type))
694 		return 0;
695 
696 	switch (a->type) {
697 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
698 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
699 	case KEY_RSA:
700 		if (a->rsa == NULL || b->rsa == NULL)
701 			return 0;
702 		RSA_get0_key(a->rsa, &rsa_n_a, &rsa_e_a, NULL);
703 		RSA_get0_key(b->rsa, &rsa_n_b, &rsa_e_b, NULL);
704 		return BN_cmp(rsa_e_a, rsa_e_b) == 0 &&
705 		    BN_cmp(rsa_n_a, rsa_n_b) == 0;
706 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
707 	case KEY_DSA:
708 		if (a->dsa == NULL || b->dsa == NULL)
709 			return 0;
710 		DSA_get0_pqg(a->dsa, &dsa_p_a, &dsa_q_a, &dsa_g_a);
711 		DSA_get0_pqg(b->dsa, &dsa_p_b, &dsa_q_b, &dsa_g_b);
712 		DSA_get0_key(a->dsa, &dsa_pub_key_a, NULL);
713 		DSA_get0_key(b->dsa, &dsa_pub_key_b, NULL);
714 		return BN_cmp(dsa_p_a, dsa_p_b) == 0 &&
715 		    BN_cmp(dsa_q_a, dsa_q_b) == 0 &&
716 		    BN_cmp(dsa_g_a, dsa_g_b) == 0 &&
717 		    BN_cmp(dsa_pub_key_a, dsa_pub_key_b) == 0;
718 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
719 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT:
720 		if (a->sk_application == NULL || b->sk_application == NULL)
721 			return 0;
722 		if (strcmp(a->sk_application, b->sk_application) != 0)
723 			return 0;
724 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
725 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
726 	case KEY_ECDSA:
727 		if (a->ecdsa == NULL || b->ecdsa == NULL ||
728 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(a->ecdsa) == NULL ||
729 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(b->ecdsa) == NULL)
730 			return 0;
731 		if (EC_GROUP_cmp(EC_KEY_get0_group(a->ecdsa),
732 		    EC_KEY_get0_group(b->ecdsa), NULL) != 0 ||
733 		    EC_POINT_cmp(EC_KEY_get0_group(a->ecdsa),
734 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(a->ecdsa),
735 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(b->ecdsa), NULL) != 0)
736 			return 0;
737 		return 1;
738 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
739 	case KEY_ED25519_SK:
740 	case KEY_ED25519_SK_CERT:
741 		if (a->sk_application == NULL || b->sk_application == NULL)
742 			return 0;
743 		if (strcmp(a->sk_application, b->sk_application) != 0)
744 			return 0;
745 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
746 	case KEY_ED25519:
747 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
748 		return a->ed25519_pk != NULL && b->ed25519_pk != NULL &&
749 		    memcmp(a->ed25519_pk, b->ed25519_pk, ED25519_PK_SZ) == 0;
750 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
751 	case KEY_XMSS:
752 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
753 		return a->xmss_pk != NULL && b->xmss_pk != NULL &&
754 		    sshkey_xmss_pklen(a) == sshkey_xmss_pklen(b) &&
755 		    memcmp(a->xmss_pk, b->xmss_pk, sshkey_xmss_pklen(a)) == 0;
756 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
757 	default:
758 		return 0;
759 	}
760 	/* NOTREACHED */
761 }
762 
763 int
764 sshkey_equal(const struct sshkey *a, const struct sshkey *b)
765 {
766 	if (a == NULL || b == NULL || a->type != b->type)
767 		return 0;
768 	if (sshkey_is_cert(a)) {
769 		if (!cert_compare(a->cert, b->cert))
770 			return 0;
771 	}
772 	return sshkey_equal_public(a, b);
773 }
774 
775 static int
776 to_blob_buf(const struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *b, int force_plain,
777   enum sshkey_serialize_rep opts)
778 {
779 	int type, ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
780 	const char *typename;
781 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
782 	const BIGNUM *rsa_n, *rsa_e, *dsa_p, *dsa_q, *dsa_g, *dsa_pub_key;
783 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
784 
785 	if (key == NULL)
786 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
787 
788 	if (sshkey_is_cert(key)) {
789 		if (key->cert == NULL)
790 			return SSH_ERR_EXPECTED_CERT;
791 		if (sshbuf_len(key->cert->certblob) == 0)
792 			return SSH_ERR_KEY_LACKS_CERTBLOB;
793 	}
794 	type = force_plain ? sshkey_type_plain(key->type) : key->type;
795 	typename = sshkey_ssh_name_from_type_nid(type, key->ecdsa_nid);
796 
797 	switch (type) {
798 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
799 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
800 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
801 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT:
802 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
803 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
804 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
805 	case KEY_ED25519_SK_CERT:
806 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
807 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
808 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
809 		/* Use the existing blob */
810 		/* XXX modified flag? */
811 		if ((ret = sshbuf_putb(b, key->cert->certblob)) != 0)
812 			return ret;
813 		break;
814 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
815 	case KEY_DSA:
816 		if (key->dsa == NULL)
817 			return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
818 		DSA_get0_pqg(key->dsa, &dsa_p, &dsa_q, &dsa_g);
819 		DSA_get0_key(key->dsa, &dsa_pub_key, NULL);
820 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, typename)) != 0 ||
821 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, dsa_p)) != 0 ||
822 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, dsa_q)) != 0 ||
823 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, dsa_g)) != 0 ||
824 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, dsa_pub_key)) != 0)
825 			return ret;
826 		break;
827 	case KEY_ECDSA:
828 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
829 		if (key->ecdsa == NULL)
830 			return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
831 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, typename)) != 0 ||
832 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(b,
833 		    sshkey_curve_nid_to_name(key->ecdsa_nid))) != 0 ||
834 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_eckey(b, key->ecdsa)) != 0)
835 			return ret;
836 		if (type == KEY_ECDSA_SK) {
837 			if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(b,
838 			    key->sk_application)) != 0)
839 				return ret;
840 		}
841 		break;
842 	case KEY_RSA:
843 		if (key->rsa == NULL)
844 			return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
845 		RSA_get0_key(key->rsa, &rsa_n, &rsa_e, NULL);
846 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, typename)) != 0 ||
847 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, rsa_e)) != 0 ||
848 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, rsa_n)) != 0)
849 			return ret;
850 		break;
851 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
852 	case KEY_ED25519:
853 	case KEY_ED25519_SK:
854 		if (key->ed25519_pk == NULL)
855 			return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
856 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, typename)) != 0 ||
857 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_string(b,
858 		    key->ed25519_pk, ED25519_PK_SZ)) != 0)
859 			return ret;
860 		if (type == KEY_ED25519_SK) {
861 			if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(b,
862 			    key->sk_application)) != 0)
863 				return ret;
864 		}
865 		break;
866 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
867 	case KEY_XMSS:
868 		if (key->xmss_name == NULL || key->xmss_pk == NULL ||
869 		    sshkey_xmss_pklen(key) == 0)
870 			return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
871 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, typename)) != 0 ||
872 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, key->xmss_name)) != 0 ||
873 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_string(b,
874 		    key->xmss_pk, sshkey_xmss_pklen(key))) != 0 ||
875 		    (ret = sshkey_xmss_serialize_pk_info(key, b, opts)) != 0)
876 			return ret;
877 		break;
878 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
879 	default:
880 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
881 	}
882 	return 0;
883 }
884 
885 int
886 sshkey_putb(const struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *b)
887 {
888 	return to_blob_buf(key, b, 0, SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_DEFAULT);
889 }
890 
891 int
892 sshkey_puts_opts(const struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *b,
893     enum sshkey_serialize_rep opts)
894 {
895 	struct sshbuf *tmp;
896 	int r;
897 
898 	if ((tmp = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
899 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
900 	r = to_blob_buf(key, tmp, 0, opts);
901 	if (r == 0)
902 		r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, tmp);
903 	sshbuf_free(tmp);
904 	return r;
905 }
906 
907 int
908 sshkey_puts(const struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *b)
909 {
910 	return sshkey_puts_opts(key, b, SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_DEFAULT);
911 }
912 
913 int
914 sshkey_putb_plain(const struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *b)
915 {
916 	return to_blob_buf(key, b, 1, SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_DEFAULT);
917 }
918 
919 static int
920 to_blob(const struct sshkey *key, u_char **blobp, size_t *lenp, int force_plain,
921     enum sshkey_serialize_rep opts)
922 {
923 	int ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
924 	size_t len;
925 	struct sshbuf *b = NULL;
926 
927 	if (lenp != NULL)
928 		*lenp = 0;
929 	if (blobp != NULL)
930 		*blobp = NULL;
931 	if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
932 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
933 	if ((ret = to_blob_buf(key, b, force_plain, opts)) != 0)
934 		goto out;
935 	len = sshbuf_len(b);
936 	if (lenp != NULL)
937 		*lenp = len;
938 	if (blobp != NULL) {
939 		if ((*blobp = malloc(len)) == NULL) {
940 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
941 			goto out;
942 		}
943 		memcpy(*blobp, sshbuf_ptr(b), len);
944 	}
945 	ret = 0;
946  out:
947 	sshbuf_free(b);
948 	return ret;
949 }
950 
951 int
952 sshkey_to_blob(const struct sshkey *key, u_char **blobp, size_t *lenp)
953 {
954 	return to_blob(key, blobp, lenp, 0, SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_DEFAULT);
955 }
956 
957 int
958 sshkey_plain_to_blob(const struct sshkey *key, u_char **blobp, size_t *lenp)
959 {
960 	return to_blob(key, blobp, lenp, 1, SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_DEFAULT);
961 }
962 
963 int
964 sshkey_fingerprint_raw(const struct sshkey *k, int dgst_alg,
965     u_char **retp, size_t *lenp)
966 {
967 	u_char *blob = NULL, *ret = NULL;
968 	size_t blob_len = 0;
969 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
970 
971 	if (retp != NULL)
972 		*retp = NULL;
973 	if (lenp != NULL)
974 		*lenp = 0;
975 	if (ssh_digest_bytes(dgst_alg) == 0) {
976 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
977 		goto out;
978 	}
979 	if ((r = to_blob(k, &blob, &blob_len, 1, SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_DEFAULT))
980 	    != 0)
981 		goto out;
982 	if ((ret = calloc(1, SSH_DIGEST_MAX_LENGTH)) == NULL) {
983 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
984 		goto out;
985 	}
986 	if ((r = ssh_digest_memory(dgst_alg, blob, blob_len,
987 	    ret, SSH_DIGEST_MAX_LENGTH)) != 0)
988 		goto out;
989 	/* success */
990 	if (retp != NULL) {
991 		*retp = ret;
992 		ret = NULL;
993 	}
994 	if (lenp != NULL)
995 		*lenp = ssh_digest_bytes(dgst_alg);
996 	r = 0;
997  out:
998 	free(ret);
999 	if (blob != NULL)
1000 		freezero(blob, blob_len);
1001 	return r;
1002 }
1003 
1004 static char *
1005 fingerprint_b64(const char *alg, u_char *dgst_raw, size_t dgst_raw_len)
1006 {
1007 	char *ret;
1008 	size_t plen = strlen(alg) + 1;
1009 	size_t rlen = ((dgst_raw_len + 2) / 3) * 4 + plen + 1;
1010 
1011 	if (dgst_raw_len > 65536 || (ret = calloc(1, rlen)) == NULL)
1012 		return NULL;
1013 	strlcpy(ret, alg, rlen);
1014 	strlcat(ret, ":", rlen);
1015 	if (dgst_raw_len == 0)
1016 		return ret;
1017 	if (b64_ntop(dgst_raw, dgst_raw_len, ret + plen, rlen - plen) == -1) {
1018 		freezero(ret, rlen);
1019 		return NULL;
1020 	}
1021 	/* Trim padding characters from end */
1022 	ret[strcspn(ret, "=")] = '\0';
1023 	return ret;
1024 }
1025 
1026 static char *
1027 fingerprint_hex(const char *alg, u_char *dgst_raw, size_t dgst_raw_len)
1028 {
1029 	char *retval, hex[5];
1030 	size_t i, rlen = dgst_raw_len * 3 + strlen(alg) + 2;
1031 
1032 	if (dgst_raw_len > 65536 || (retval = calloc(1, rlen)) == NULL)
1033 		return NULL;
1034 	strlcpy(retval, alg, rlen);
1035 	strlcat(retval, ":", rlen);
1036 	for (i = 0; i < dgst_raw_len; i++) {
1037 		snprintf(hex, sizeof(hex), "%s%02x",
1038 		    i > 0 ? ":" : "", dgst_raw[i]);
1039 		strlcat(retval, hex, rlen);
1040 	}
1041 	return retval;
1042 }
1043 
1044 static char *
1045 fingerprint_bubblebabble(u_char *dgst_raw, size_t dgst_raw_len)
1046 {
1047 	char vowels[] = { 'a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u', 'y' };
1048 	char consonants[] = { 'b', 'c', 'd', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'k', 'l', 'm',
1049 	    'n', 'p', 'r', 's', 't', 'v', 'z', 'x' };
1050 	u_int i, j = 0, rounds, seed = 1;
1051 	char *retval;
1052 
1053 	rounds = (dgst_raw_len / 2) + 1;
1054 	if ((retval = calloc(rounds, 6)) == NULL)
1055 		return NULL;
1056 	retval[j++] = 'x';
1057 	for (i = 0; i < rounds; i++) {
1058 		u_int idx0, idx1, idx2, idx3, idx4;
1059 		if ((i + 1 < rounds) || (dgst_raw_len % 2 != 0)) {
1060 			idx0 = (((((u_int)(dgst_raw[2 * i])) >> 6) & 3) +
1061 			    seed) % 6;
1062 			idx1 = (((u_int)(dgst_raw[2 * i])) >> 2) & 15;
1063 			idx2 = ((((u_int)(dgst_raw[2 * i])) & 3) +
1064 			    (seed / 6)) % 6;
1065 			retval[j++] = vowels[idx0];
1066 			retval[j++] = consonants[idx1];
1067 			retval[j++] = vowels[idx2];
1068 			if ((i + 1) < rounds) {
1069 				idx3 = (((u_int)(dgst_raw[(2 * i) + 1])) >> 4) & 15;
1070 				idx4 = (((u_int)(dgst_raw[(2 * i) + 1]))) & 15;
1071 				retval[j++] = consonants[idx3];
1072 				retval[j++] = '-';
1073 				retval[j++] = consonants[idx4];
1074 				seed = ((seed * 5) +
1075 				    ((((u_int)(dgst_raw[2 * i])) * 7) +
1076 				    ((u_int)(dgst_raw[(2 * i) + 1])))) % 36;
1077 			}
1078 		} else {
1079 			idx0 = seed % 6;
1080 			idx1 = 16;
1081 			idx2 = seed / 6;
1082 			retval[j++] = vowels[idx0];
1083 			retval[j++] = consonants[idx1];
1084 			retval[j++] = vowels[idx2];
1085 		}
1086 	}
1087 	retval[j++] = 'x';
1088 	retval[j++] = '\0';
1089 	return retval;
1090 }
1091 
1092 /*
1093  * Draw an ASCII-Art representing the fingerprint so human brain can
1094  * profit from its built-in pattern recognition ability.
1095  * This technique is called "random art" and can be found in some
1096  * scientific publications like this original paper:
1097  *
1098  * "Hash Visualization: a New Technique to improve Real-World Security",
1099  * Perrig A. and Song D., 1999, International Workshop on Cryptographic
1100  * Techniques and E-Commerce (CrypTEC '99)
1101  * sparrow.ece.cmu.edu/~adrian/projects/validation/validation.pdf
1102  *
1103  * The subject came up in a talk by Dan Kaminsky, too.
1104  *
1105  * If you see the picture is different, the key is different.
1106  * If the picture looks the same, you still know nothing.
1107  *
1108  * The algorithm used here is a worm crawling over a discrete plane,
1109  * leaving a trace (augmenting the field) everywhere it goes.
1110  * Movement is taken from dgst_raw 2bit-wise.  Bumping into walls
1111  * makes the respective movement vector be ignored for this turn.
1112  * Graphs are not unambiguous, because circles in graphs can be
1113  * walked in either direction.
1114  */
1115 
1116 /*
1117  * Field sizes for the random art.  Have to be odd, so the starting point
1118  * can be in the exact middle of the picture, and FLDBASE should be >=8 .
1119  * Else pictures would be too dense, and drawing the frame would
1120  * fail, too, because the key type would not fit in anymore.
1121  */
1122 #define	FLDBASE		8
1123 #define	FLDSIZE_Y	(FLDBASE + 1)
1124 #define	FLDSIZE_X	(FLDBASE * 2 + 1)
1125 static char *
1126 fingerprint_randomart(const char *alg, u_char *dgst_raw, size_t dgst_raw_len,
1127     const struct sshkey *k)
1128 {
1129 	/*
1130 	 * Chars to be used after each other every time the worm
1131 	 * intersects with itself.  Matter of taste.
1132 	 */
1133 	const char	*augmentation_string = " .o+=*BOX@%&#/^SE";
1134 	char	*retval, *p, title[FLDSIZE_X], hash[FLDSIZE_X];
1135 	u_char	 field[FLDSIZE_X][FLDSIZE_Y];
1136 	size_t	 i, tlen, hlen;
1137 	u_int	 b;
1138 	int	 x, y, r;
1139 	size_t	 len = strlen(augmentation_string) - 1;
1140 
1141 	if ((retval = calloc((FLDSIZE_X + 3), (FLDSIZE_Y + 2))) == NULL)
1142 		return NULL;
1143 
1144 	/* initialize field */
1145 	memset(field, 0, FLDSIZE_X * FLDSIZE_Y * sizeof(char));
1146 	x = FLDSIZE_X / 2;
1147 	y = FLDSIZE_Y / 2;
1148 
1149 	/* process raw key */
1150 	for (i = 0; i < dgst_raw_len; i++) {
1151 		int input;
1152 		/* each byte conveys four 2-bit move commands */
1153 		input = dgst_raw[i];
1154 		for (b = 0; b < 4; b++) {
1155 			/* evaluate 2 bit, rest is shifted later */
1156 			x += (input & 0x1) ? 1 : -1;
1157 			y += (input & 0x2) ? 1 : -1;
1158 
1159 			/* assure we are still in bounds */
1160 			x = MAXIMUM(x, 0);
1161 			y = MAXIMUM(y, 0);
1162 			x = MINIMUM(x, FLDSIZE_X - 1);
1163 			y = MINIMUM(y, FLDSIZE_Y - 1);
1164 
1165 			/* augment the field */
1166 			if (field[x][y] < len - 2)
1167 				field[x][y]++;
1168 			input = input >> 2;
1169 		}
1170 	}
1171 
1172 	/* mark starting point and end point*/
1173 	field[FLDSIZE_X / 2][FLDSIZE_Y / 2] = len - 1;
1174 	field[x][y] = len;
1175 
1176 	/* assemble title */
1177 	r = snprintf(title, sizeof(title), "[%s %u]",
1178 		sshkey_type(k), sshkey_size(k));
1179 	/* If [type size] won't fit, then try [type]; fits "[ED25519-CERT]" */
1180 	if (r < 0 || r > (int)sizeof(title))
1181 		r = snprintf(title, sizeof(title), "[%s]", sshkey_type(k));
1182 	tlen = (r <= 0) ? 0 : strlen(title);
1183 
1184 	/* assemble hash ID. */
1185 	r = snprintf(hash, sizeof(hash), "[%s]", alg);
1186 	hlen = (r <= 0) ? 0 : strlen(hash);
1187 
1188 	/* output upper border */
1189 	p = retval;
1190 	*p++ = '+';
1191 	for (i = 0; i < (FLDSIZE_X - tlen) / 2; i++)
1192 		*p++ = '-';
1193 	memcpy(p, title, tlen);
1194 	p += tlen;
1195 	for (i += tlen; i < FLDSIZE_X; i++)
1196 		*p++ = '-';
1197 	*p++ = '+';
1198 	*p++ = '\n';
1199 
1200 	/* output content */
1201 	for (y = 0; y < FLDSIZE_Y; y++) {
1202 		*p++ = '|';
1203 		for (x = 0; x < FLDSIZE_X; x++)
1204 			*p++ = augmentation_string[MINIMUM(field[x][y], len)];
1205 		*p++ = '|';
1206 		*p++ = '\n';
1207 	}
1208 
1209 	/* output lower border */
1210 	*p++ = '+';
1211 	for (i = 0; i < (FLDSIZE_X - hlen) / 2; i++)
1212 		*p++ = '-';
1213 	memcpy(p, hash, hlen);
1214 	p += hlen;
1215 	for (i += hlen; i < FLDSIZE_X; i++)
1216 		*p++ = '-';
1217 	*p++ = '+';
1218 
1219 	return retval;
1220 }
1221 
1222 char *
1223 sshkey_fingerprint(const struct sshkey *k, int dgst_alg,
1224     enum sshkey_fp_rep dgst_rep)
1225 {
1226 	char *retval = NULL;
1227 	u_char *dgst_raw;
1228 	size_t dgst_raw_len;
1229 
1230 	if (sshkey_fingerprint_raw(k, dgst_alg, &dgst_raw, &dgst_raw_len) != 0)
1231 		return NULL;
1232 	switch (dgst_rep) {
1233 	case SSH_FP_DEFAULT:
1234 		if (dgst_alg == SSH_DIGEST_MD5) {
1235 			retval = fingerprint_hex(ssh_digest_alg_name(dgst_alg),
1236 			    dgst_raw, dgst_raw_len);
1237 		} else {
1238 			retval = fingerprint_b64(ssh_digest_alg_name(dgst_alg),
1239 			    dgst_raw, dgst_raw_len);
1240 		}
1241 		break;
1242 	case SSH_FP_HEX:
1243 		retval = fingerprint_hex(ssh_digest_alg_name(dgst_alg),
1244 		    dgst_raw, dgst_raw_len);
1245 		break;
1246 	case SSH_FP_BASE64:
1247 		retval = fingerprint_b64(ssh_digest_alg_name(dgst_alg),
1248 		    dgst_raw, dgst_raw_len);
1249 		break;
1250 	case SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE:
1251 		retval = fingerprint_bubblebabble(dgst_raw, dgst_raw_len);
1252 		break;
1253 	case SSH_FP_RANDOMART:
1254 		retval = fingerprint_randomart(ssh_digest_alg_name(dgst_alg),
1255 		    dgst_raw, dgst_raw_len, k);
1256 		break;
1257 	default:
1258 		freezero(dgst_raw, dgst_raw_len);
1259 		return NULL;
1260 	}
1261 	freezero(dgst_raw, dgst_raw_len);
1262 	return retval;
1263 }
1264 
1265 static int
1266 peek_type_nid(const char *s, size_t l, int *nid)
1267 {
1268 	const struct keytype *kt;
1269 
1270 	for (kt = keytypes; kt->type != -1; kt++) {
1271 		if (kt->name == NULL || strlen(kt->name) != l)
1272 			continue;
1273 		if (memcmp(s, kt->name, l) == 0) {
1274 			*nid = -1;
1275 			if (key_type_is_ecdsa_variant(kt->type))
1276 				*nid = kt->nid;
1277 			return kt->type;
1278 		}
1279 	}
1280 	return KEY_UNSPEC;
1281 }
1282 
1283 
1284 /* XXX this can now be made const char * */
1285 int
1286 sshkey_read(struct sshkey *ret, char **cpp)
1287 {
1288 	struct sshkey *k;
1289 	char *cp, *blobcopy;
1290 	size_t space;
1291 	int r, type, curve_nid = -1;
1292 	struct sshbuf *blob;
1293 
1294 	if (ret == NULL)
1295 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1296 
1297 	switch (ret->type) {
1298 	case KEY_UNSPEC:
1299 	case KEY_RSA:
1300 	case KEY_DSA:
1301 	case KEY_ECDSA:
1302 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
1303 	case KEY_ED25519:
1304 	case KEY_ED25519_SK:
1305 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
1306 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
1307 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT:
1308 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
1309 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
1310 	case KEY_ED25519_SK_CERT:
1311 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
1312 	case KEY_XMSS:
1313 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
1314 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
1315 		break; /* ok */
1316 	default:
1317 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1318 	}
1319 
1320 	/* Decode type */
1321 	cp = *cpp;
1322 	space = strcspn(cp, " \t");
1323 	if (space == strlen(cp))
1324 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
1325 	if ((type = peek_type_nid(cp, space, &curve_nid)) == KEY_UNSPEC)
1326 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
1327 
1328 	/* skip whitespace */
1329 	for (cp += space; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++)
1330 		;
1331 	if (*cp == '\0')
1332 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
1333 	if (ret->type != KEY_UNSPEC && ret->type != type)
1334 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_MISMATCH;
1335 	if ((blob = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
1336 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1337 
1338 	/* find end of keyblob and decode */
1339 	space = strcspn(cp, " \t");
1340 	if ((blobcopy = strndup(cp, space)) == NULL) {
1341 		sshbuf_free(blob);
1342 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1343 	}
1344 	if ((r = sshbuf_b64tod(blob, blobcopy)) != 0) {
1345 		free(blobcopy);
1346 		sshbuf_free(blob);
1347 		return r;
1348 	}
1349 	free(blobcopy);
1350 	if ((r = sshkey_fromb(blob, &k)) != 0) {
1351 		sshbuf_free(blob);
1352 		return r;
1353 	}
1354 	sshbuf_free(blob);
1355 
1356 	/* skip whitespace and leave cp at start of comment */
1357 	for (cp += space; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++)
1358 		;
1359 
1360 	/* ensure type of blob matches type at start of line */
1361 	if (k->type != type) {
1362 		sshkey_free(k);
1363 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_MISMATCH;
1364 	}
1365 	if (key_type_is_ecdsa_variant(type) && curve_nid != k->ecdsa_nid) {
1366 		sshkey_free(k);
1367 		return SSH_ERR_EC_CURVE_MISMATCH;
1368 	}
1369 
1370 	/* Fill in ret from parsed key */
1371 	ret->type = type;
1372 	if (sshkey_is_cert(ret)) {
1373 		if (!sshkey_is_cert(k)) {
1374 			sshkey_free(k);
1375 			return SSH_ERR_EXPECTED_CERT;
1376 		}
1377 		if (ret->cert != NULL)
1378 			cert_free(ret->cert);
1379 		ret->cert = k->cert;
1380 		k->cert = NULL;
1381 	}
1382 	switch (sshkey_type_plain(ret->type)) {
1383 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
1384 	case KEY_RSA:
1385 		RSA_free(ret->rsa);
1386 		ret->rsa = k->rsa;
1387 		k->rsa = NULL;
1388 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
1389 		RSA_print_fp(stderr, ret->rsa, 8);
1390 #endif
1391 		break;
1392 	case KEY_DSA:
1393 		DSA_free(ret->dsa);
1394 		ret->dsa = k->dsa;
1395 		k->dsa = NULL;
1396 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
1397 		DSA_print_fp(stderr, ret->dsa, 8);
1398 #endif
1399 		break;
1400 	case KEY_ECDSA:
1401 		EC_KEY_free(ret->ecdsa);
1402 		ret->ecdsa = k->ecdsa;
1403 		ret->ecdsa_nid = k->ecdsa_nid;
1404 		k->ecdsa = NULL;
1405 		k->ecdsa_nid = -1;
1406 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
1407 		sshkey_dump_ec_key(ret->ecdsa);
1408 #endif
1409 		break;
1410 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
1411 		EC_KEY_free(ret->ecdsa);
1412 		ret->ecdsa = k->ecdsa;
1413 		ret->ecdsa_nid = k->ecdsa_nid;
1414 		ret->sk_application = k->sk_application;
1415 		k->ecdsa = NULL;
1416 		k->ecdsa_nid = -1;
1417 		k->sk_application = NULL;
1418 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
1419 		sshkey_dump_ec_key(ret->ecdsa);
1420 		fprintf(stderr, "App: %s\n", ret->sk_application);
1421 #endif
1422 		break;
1423 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
1424 	case KEY_ED25519:
1425 		freezero(ret->ed25519_pk, ED25519_PK_SZ);
1426 		ret->ed25519_pk = k->ed25519_pk;
1427 		k->ed25519_pk = NULL;
1428 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
1429 		/* XXX */
1430 #endif
1431 		break;
1432 	case KEY_ED25519_SK:
1433 		freezero(ret->ed25519_pk, ED25519_PK_SZ);
1434 		ret->ed25519_pk = k->ed25519_pk;
1435 		ret->sk_application = k->sk_application;
1436 		k->ed25519_pk = NULL;
1437 		k->sk_application = NULL;
1438 		break;
1439 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
1440 	case KEY_XMSS:
1441 		free(ret->xmss_pk);
1442 		ret->xmss_pk = k->xmss_pk;
1443 		k->xmss_pk = NULL;
1444 		free(ret->xmss_state);
1445 		ret->xmss_state = k->xmss_state;
1446 		k->xmss_state = NULL;
1447 		free(ret->xmss_name);
1448 		ret->xmss_name = k->xmss_name;
1449 		k->xmss_name = NULL;
1450 		free(ret->xmss_filename);
1451 		ret->xmss_filename = k->xmss_filename;
1452 		k->xmss_filename = NULL;
1453 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
1454 		/* XXX */
1455 #endif
1456 		break;
1457 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
1458 	default:
1459 		sshkey_free(k);
1460 		return SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1461 	}
1462 	sshkey_free(k);
1463 
1464 	/* success */
1465 	*cpp = cp;
1466 	return 0;
1467 }
1468 
1469 int
1470 sshkey_to_base64(const struct sshkey *key, char **b64p)
1471 {
1472 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1473 	struct sshbuf *b = NULL;
1474 	char *uu = NULL;
1475 
1476 	if (b64p != NULL)
1477 		*b64p = NULL;
1478 	if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
1479 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1480 	if ((r = sshkey_putb(key, b)) != 0)
1481 		goto out;
1482 	if ((uu = sshbuf_dtob64_string(b, 0)) == NULL) {
1483 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1484 		goto out;
1485 	}
1486 	/* Success */
1487 	if (b64p != NULL) {
1488 		*b64p = uu;
1489 		uu = NULL;
1490 	}
1491 	r = 0;
1492  out:
1493 	sshbuf_free(b);
1494 	free(uu);
1495 	return r;
1496 }
1497 
1498 int
1499 sshkey_format_text(const struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *b)
1500 {
1501 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1502 	char *uu = NULL;
1503 
1504 	if ((r = sshkey_to_base64(key, &uu)) != 0)
1505 		goto out;
1506 	if ((r = sshbuf_putf(b, "%s %s",
1507 	    sshkey_ssh_name(key), uu)) != 0)
1508 		goto out;
1509 	r = 0;
1510  out:
1511 	free(uu);
1512 	return r;
1513 }
1514 
1515 int
1516 sshkey_write(const struct sshkey *key, FILE *f)
1517 {
1518 	struct sshbuf *b = NULL;
1519 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1520 
1521 	if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
1522 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1523 	if ((r = sshkey_format_text(key, b)) != 0)
1524 		goto out;
1525 	if (fwrite(sshbuf_ptr(b), sshbuf_len(b), 1, f) != 1) {
1526 		if (feof(f))
1527 			errno = EPIPE;
1528 		r = SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
1529 		goto out;
1530 	}
1531 	/* Success */
1532 	r = 0;
1533  out:
1534 	sshbuf_free(b);
1535 	return r;
1536 }
1537 
1538 const char *
1539 sshkey_cert_type(const struct sshkey *k)
1540 {
1541 	switch (k->cert->type) {
1542 	case SSH2_CERT_TYPE_USER:
1543 		return "user";
1544 	case SSH2_CERT_TYPE_HOST:
1545 		return "host";
1546 	default:
1547 		return "unknown";
1548 	}
1549 }
1550 
1551 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
1552 static int
1553 rsa_generate_private_key(u_int bits, RSA **rsap)
1554 {
1555 	RSA *private = NULL;
1556 	BIGNUM *f4 = NULL;
1557 	int ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1558 
1559 	if (rsap == NULL)
1560 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1561 	if (bits < SSH_RSA_MINIMUM_MODULUS_SIZE ||
1562 	    bits > SSHBUF_MAX_BIGNUM * 8)
1563 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_LENGTH;
1564 	*rsap = NULL;
1565 	if ((private = RSA_new()) == NULL || (f4 = BN_new()) == NULL) {
1566 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1567 		goto out;
1568 	}
1569 	if (!BN_set_word(f4, RSA_F4) ||
1570 	    !RSA_generate_key_ex(private, bits, f4, NULL)) {
1571 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
1572 		goto out;
1573 	}
1574 	*rsap = private;
1575 	private = NULL;
1576 	ret = 0;
1577  out:
1578 	RSA_free(private);
1579 	BN_free(f4);
1580 	return ret;
1581 }
1582 
1583 static int
1584 dsa_generate_private_key(u_int bits, DSA **dsap)
1585 {
1586 	DSA *private;
1587 	int ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1588 
1589 	if (dsap == NULL)
1590 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1591 	if (bits != 1024)
1592 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_LENGTH;
1593 	if ((private = DSA_new()) == NULL) {
1594 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1595 		goto out;
1596 	}
1597 	*dsap = NULL;
1598 	if (!DSA_generate_parameters_ex(private, bits, NULL, 0, NULL,
1599 	    NULL, NULL) || !DSA_generate_key(private)) {
1600 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
1601 		goto out;
1602 	}
1603 	*dsap = private;
1604 	private = NULL;
1605 	ret = 0;
1606  out:
1607 	DSA_free(private);
1608 	return ret;
1609 }
1610 
1611 int
1612 sshkey_ecdsa_key_to_nid(EC_KEY *k)
1613 {
1614 	EC_GROUP *eg = NULL;		/* XXXGCC: unneeded init */
1615 	int nids[] = {
1616 		NID_X9_62_prime256v1,
1617 		NID_secp384r1,
1618 		NID_secp521r1,
1619 		-1
1620 	};
1621 	int nid;
1622 	u_int i;
1623 	const EC_GROUP *g = EC_KEY_get0_group(k);
1624 
1625 	/*
1626 	 * The group may be stored in a ASN.1 encoded private key in one of two
1627 	 * ways: as a "named group", which is reconstituted by ASN.1 object ID
1628 	 * or explicit group parameters encoded into the key blob. Only the
1629 	 * "named group" case sets the group NID for us, but we can figure
1630 	 * it out for the other case by comparing against all the groups that
1631 	 * are supported.
1632 	 */
1633 	if ((nid = EC_GROUP_get_curve_name(g)) > 0)
1634 		return nid;
1635 	for (i = 0; nids[i] != -1; i++) {
1636 		if ((eg = EC_GROUP_new_by_curve_name(nids[i])) == NULL)
1637 			return -1;
1638 		if (EC_GROUP_cmp(g, eg, NULL) == 0)
1639 			break;
1640 		EC_GROUP_free(eg);
1641 	}
1642 	if (nids[i] != -1) {
1643 		/* Use the group with the NID attached */
1644 		EC_GROUP_set_asn1_flag(eg, OPENSSL_EC_NAMED_CURVE);
1645 		if (EC_KEY_set_group(k, eg) != 1) {
1646 			EC_GROUP_free(eg);
1647 			return -1;
1648 		}
1649 	}
1650 	return nids[i];
1651 }
1652 
1653 static int
1654 ecdsa_generate_private_key(u_int bits, int *nid, EC_KEY **ecdsap)
1655 {
1656 	EC_KEY *private;
1657 	int ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1658 
1659 	if (nid == NULL || ecdsap == NULL)
1660 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1661 	if ((*nid = sshkey_ecdsa_bits_to_nid(bits)) == -1)
1662 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_LENGTH;
1663 	*ecdsap = NULL;
1664 	if ((private = EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(*nid)) == NULL) {
1665 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1666 		goto out;
1667 	}
1668 	if (EC_KEY_generate_key(private) != 1) {
1669 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
1670 		goto out;
1671 	}
1672 	EC_KEY_set_asn1_flag(private, OPENSSL_EC_NAMED_CURVE);
1673 	*ecdsap = private;
1674 	private = NULL;
1675 	ret = 0;
1676  out:
1677 	EC_KEY_free(private);
1678 	return ret;
1679 }
1680 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
1681 
1682 int
1683 sshkey_generate(int type, u_int bits, struct sshkey **keyp)
1684 {
1685 	struct sshkey *k;
1686 	int ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1687 
1688 	if (keyp == NULL)
1689 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1690 	*keyp = NULL;
1691 	if ((k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
1692 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1693 	switch (type) {
1694 	case KEY_ED25519:
1695 		if ((k->ed25519_pk = malloc(ED25519_PK_SZ)) == NULL ||
1696 		    (k->ed25519_sk = malloc(ED25519_SK_SZ)) == NULL) {
1697 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1698 			break;
1699 		}
1700 		crypto_sign_ed25519_keypair(k->ed25519_pk, k->ed25519_sk);
1701 		ret = 0;
1702 		break;
1703 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
1704 	case KEY_XMSS:
1705 		ret = sshkey_xmss_generate_private_key(k, bits);
1706 		break;
1707 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
1708 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
1709 	case KEY_DSA:
1710 		ret = dsa_generate_private_key(bits, &k->dsa);
1711 		break;
1712 	case KEY_ECDSA:
1713 		ret = ecdsa_generate_private_key(bits, &k->ecdsa_nid,
1714 		    &k->ecdsa);
1715 		break;
1716 	case KEY_RSA:
1717 		ret = rsa_generate_private_key(bits, &k->rsa);
1718 		break;
1719 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
1720 	default:
1721 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1722 	}
1723 	if (ret == 0) {
1724 		k->type = type;
1725 		*keyp = k;
1726 	} else
1727 		sshkey_free(k);
1728 	return ret;
1729 }
1730 
1731 int
1732 sshkey_cert_copy(const struct sshkey *from_key, struct sshkey *to_key)
1733 {
1734 	u_int i;
1735 	const struct sshkey_cert *from;
1736 	struct sshkey_cert *to;
1737 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1738 
1739 	if (to_key == NULL || (from = from_key->cert) == NULL)
1740 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1741 
1742 	if ((to = cert_new()) == NULL)
1743 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1744 
1745 	if ((r = sshbuf_putb(to->certblob, from->certblob)) != 0 ||
1746 	    (r = sshbuf_putb(to->critical, from->critical)) != 0 ||
1747 	    (r = sshbuf_putb(to->extensions, from->extensions)) != 0)
1748 		goto out;
1749 
1750 	to->serial = from->serial;
1751 	to->type = from->type;
1752 	if (from->key_id == NULL)
1753 		to->key_id = NULL;
1754 	else if ((to->key_id = strdup(from->key_id)) == NULL) {
1755 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1756 		goto out;
1757 	}
1758 	to->valid_after = from->valid_after;
1759 	to->valid_before = from->valid_before;
1760 	if (from->signature_key == NULL)
1761 		to->signature_key = NULL;
1762 	else if ((r = sshkey_from_private(from->signature_key,
1763 	    &to->signature_key)) != 0)
1764 		goto out;
1765 	if (from->signature_type != NULL &&
1766 	    (to->signature_type = strdup(from->signature_type)) == NULL) {
1767 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1768 		goto out;
1769 	}
1770 	if (from->nprincipals > SSHKEY_CERT_MAX_PRINCIPALS) {
1771 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1772 		goto out;
1773 	}
1774 	if (from->nprincipals > 0) {
1775 		if ((to->principals = calloc(from->nprincipals,
1776 		    sizeof(*to->principals))) == NULL) {
1777 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1778 			goto out;
1779 		}
1780 		for (i = 0; i < from->nprincipals; i++) {
1781 			to->principals[i] = strdup(from->principals[i]);
1782 			if (to->principals[i] == NULL) {
1783 				to->nprincipals = i;
1784 				r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1785 				goto out;
1786 			}
1787 		}
1788 	}
1789 	to->nprincipals = from->nprincipals;
1790 
1791 	/* success */
1792 	cert_free(to_key->cert);
1793 	to_key->cert = to;
1794 	to = NULL;
1795 	r = 0;
1796  out:
1797 	cert_free(to);
1798 	return r;
1799 }
1800 
1801 int
1802 sshkey_from_private(const struct sshkey *k, struct sshkey **pkp)
1803 {
1804 	struct sshkey *n = NULL;
1805 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1806 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
1807 	const BIGNUM *rsa_n, *rsa_e;
1808 	BIGNUM *rsa_n_dup = NULL, *rsa_e_dup = NULL;
1809 	const BIGNUM *dsa_p, *dsa_q, *dsa_g, *dsa_pub_key;
1810 	BIGNUM *dsa_p_dup = NULL, *dsa_q_dup = NULL, *dsa_g_dup = NULL;
1811 	BIGNUM *dsa_pub_key_dup = NULL;
1812 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
1813 
1814 	*pkp = NULL;
1815 	if ((n = sshkey_new(k->type)) == NULL) {
1816 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1817 		goto out;
1818 	}
1819 	switch (k->type) {
1820 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
1821 	case KEY_DSA:
1822 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
1823 		DSA_get0_pqg(k->dsa, &dsa_p, &dsa_q, &dsa_g);
1824 		DSA_get0_key(k->dsa, &dsa_pub_key, NULL);
1825 		if ((dsa_p_dup = BN_dup(dsa_p)) == NULL ||
1826 		    (dsa_q_dup = BN_dup(dsa_q)) == NULL ||
1827 		    (dsa_g_dup = BN_dup(dsa_g)) == NULL ||
1828 		    (dsa_pub_key_dup = BN_dup(dsa_pub_key)) == NULL) {
1829 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1830 			goto out;
1831 		}
1832 		if (!DSA_set0_pqg(n->dsa, dsa_p_dup, dsa_q_dup, dsa_g_dup)) {
1833 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
1834 			goto out;
1835 		}
1836 		dsa_p_dup = dsa_q_dup = dsa_g_dup = NULL; /* transferred */
1837 		if (!DSA_set0_key(n->dsa, dsa_pub_key_dup, NULL)) {
1838 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
1839 			goto out;
1840 		}
1841 		dsa_pub_key_dup = NULL; /* transferred */
1842 
1843 		break;
1844 	case KEY_ECDSA:
1845 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
1846 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
1847 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT:
1848 		n->ecdsa_nid = k->ecdsa_nid;
1849 		n->ecdsa = EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(k->ecdsa_nid);
1850 		if (n->ecdsa == NULL) {
1851 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1852 			goto out;
1853 		}
1854 		if (EC_KEY_set_public_key(n->ecdsa,
1855 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(k->ecdsa)) != 1) {
1856 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
1857 			goto out;
1858 		}
1859 		if (k->type != KEY_ECDSA_SK && k->type != KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT)
1860 			break;
1861 		/* Append security-key application string */
1862 		if ((n->sk_application = strdup(k->sk_application)) == NULL)
1863 			goto out;
1864 		break;
1865 	case KEY_RSA:
1866 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
1867 		RSA_get0_key(k->rsa, &rsa_n, &rsa_e, NULL);
1868 		if ((rsa_n_dup = BN_dup(rsa_n)) == NULL ||
1869 		    (rsa_e_dup = BN_dup(rsa_e)) == NULL) {
1870 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1871 			goto out;
1872 		}
1873 		if (!RSA_set0_key(n->rsa, rsa_n_dup, rsa_e_dup, NULL)) {
1874 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
1875 			goto out;
1876 		}
1877 		rsa_n_dup = rsa_e_dup = NULL; /* transferred */
1878 		break;
1879 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
1880 	case KEY_ED25519:
1881 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
1882 	case KEY_ED25519_SK:
1883 	case KEY_ED25519_SK_CERT:
1884 		if (k->ed25519_pk != NULL) {
1885 			if ((n->ed25519_pk = malloc(ED25519_PK_SZ)) == NULL) {
1886 				r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1887 				goto out;
1888 			}
1889 			memcpy(n->ed25519_pk, k->ed25519_pk, ED25519_PK_SZ);
1890 		}
1891 		if (k->type != KEY_ED25519_SK &&
1892 		    k->type != KEY_ED25519_SK_CERT)
1893 			break;
1894 		/* Append security-key application string */
1895 		if ((n->sk_application = strdup(k->sk_application)) == NULL)
1896 			goto out;
1897 		break;
1898 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
1899 	case KEY_XMSS:
1900 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
1901 		if ((r = sshkey_xmss_init(n, k->xmss_name)) != 0)
1902 			goto out;
1903 		if (k->xmss_pk != NULL) {
1904 			u_int32_t left;
1905 			size_t pklen = sshkey_xmss_pklen(k);
1906 			if (pklen == 0 || sshkey_xmss_pklen(n) != pklen) {
1907 				r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1908 				goto out;
1909 			}
1910 			if ((n->xmss_pk = malloc(pklen)) == NULL) {
1911 				r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1912 				goto out;
1913 			}
1914 			memcpy(n->xmss_pk, k->xmss_pk, pklen);
1915 			/* simulate number of signatures left on pubkey */
1916 			left = sshkey_xmss_signatures_left(k);
1917 			if (left)
1918 				sshkey_xmss_enable_maxsign(n, left);
1919 		}
1920 		break;
1921 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
1922 	default:
1923 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
1924 		goto out;
1925 	}
1926 	if (sshkey_is_cert(k) && (r = sshkey_cert_copy(k, n)) != 0)
1927 		goto out;
1928 	/* success */
1929 	*pkp = n;
1930 	n = NULL;
1931 	r = 0;
1932  out:
1933 	sshkey_free(n);
1934 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
1935 	BN_clear_free(rsa_n_dup);
1936 	BN_clear_free(rsa_e_dup);
1937 	BN_clear_free(dsa_p_dup);
1938 	BN_clear_free(dsa_q_dup);
1939 	BN_clear_free(dsa_g_dup);
1940 	BN_clear_free(dsa_pub_key_dup);
1941 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
1942 
1943 	return r;
1944 }
1945 
1946 int
1947 sshkey_is_shielded(struct sshkey *k)
1948 {
1949 	return k != NULL && k->shielded_private != NULL;
1950 }
1951 
1952 int
1953 sshkey_shield_private(struct sshkey *k)
1954 {
1955 	struct sshbuf *prvbuf = NULL;
1956 	u_char *prekey = NULL, *enc = NULL, keyiv[SSH_DIGEST_MAX_LENGTH];
1957 	struct sshcipher_ctx *cctx = NULL;
1958 	const struct sshcipher *cipher;
1959 	size_t i, enclen = 0;
1960 	struct sshkey *kswap = NULL, tmp;
1961 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1962 
1963 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
1964 	fprintf(stderr, "%s: entering for %s\n", __func__, sshkey_ssh_name(k));
1965 #endif
1966 	if ((cipher = cipher_by_name(SSHKEY_SHIELD_CIPHER)) == NULL) {
1967 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1968 		goto out;
1969 	}
1970 	if (cipher_keylen(cipher) + cipher_ivlen(cipher) >
1971 	    ssh_digest_bytes(SSHKEY_SHIELD_PREKEY_HASH)) {
1972 		r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1973 		goto out;
1974 	}
1975 
1976 	/* Prepare a random pre-key, and from it an ephemeral key */
1977 	if ((prekey = malloc(SSHKEY_SHIELD_PREKEY_LEN)) == NULL) {
1978 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1979 		goto out;
1980 	}
1981 	arc4random_buf(prekey, SSHKEY_SHIELD_PREKEY_LEN);
1982 	if ((r = ssh_digest_memory(SSHKEY_SHIELD_PREKEY_HASH,
1983 	    prekey, SSHKEY_SHIELD_PREKEY_LEN,
1984 	    keyiv, SSH_DIGEST_MAX_LENGTH)) != 0)
1985 		goto out;
1986 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
1987 	fprintf(stderr, "%s: key+iv\n", __func__);
1988 	sshbuf_dump_data(keyiv, ssh_digest_bytes(SSHKEY_SHIELD_PREKEY_HASH),
1989 	    stderr);
1990 #endif
1991 	if ((r = cipher_init(&cctx, cipher, keyiv, cipher_keylen(cipher),
1992 	    keyiv + cipher_keylen(cipher), cipher_ivlen(cipher), 1)) != 0)
1993 		goto out;
1994 
1995 	/* Serialise and encrypt the private key using the ephemeral key */
1996 	if ((prvbuf = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
1997 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1998 		goto out;
1999 	}
2000 	if (sshkey_is_shielded(k) && (r = sshkey_unshield_private(k)) != 0)
2001 		goto out;
2002 	if ((r = sshkey_private_serialize_opt(k, prvbuf,
2003 	    SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_SHIELD)) != 0)
2004 		goto out;
2005 	/* pad to cipher blocksize */
2006 	i = 0;
2007 	while (sshbuf_len(prvbuf) % cipher_blocksize(cipher)) {
2008 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(prvbuf, ++i & 0xff)) != 0)
2009 			goto out;
2010 	}
2011 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
2012 	fprintf(stderr, "%s: serialised\n", __func__);
2013 	sshbuf_dump(prvbuf, stderr);
2014 #endif
2015 	/* encrypt */
2016 	enclen = sshbuf_len(prvbuf);
2017 	if ((enc = malloc(enclen)) == NULL) {
2018 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2019 		goto out;
2020 	}
2021 	if ((r = cipher_crypt(cctx, 0, enc,
2022 	    sshbuf_ptr(prvbuf), sshbuf_len(prvbuf), 0, 0)) != 0)
2023 		goto out;
2024 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
2025 	fprintf(stderr, "%s: encrypted\n", __func__);
2026 	sshbuf_dump_data(enc, enclen, stderr);
2027 #endif
2028 
2029 	/* Make a scrubbed, public-only copy of our private key argument */
2030 	if ((r = sshkey_from_private(k, &kswap)) != 0)
2031 		goto out;
2032 
2033 	/* Swap the private key out (it will be destroyed below) */
2034 	tmp = *kswap;
2035 	*kswap = *k;
2036 	*k = tmp;
2037 
2038 	/* Insert the shielded key into our argument */
2039 	k->shielded_private = enc;
2040 	k->shielded_len = enclen;
2041 	k->shield_prekey = prekey;
2042 	k->shield_prekey_len = SSHKEY_SHIELD_PREKEY_LEN;
2043 	enc = prekey = NULL; /* transferred */
2044 	enclen = 0;
2045 
2046 	/* preserve key fields that are required for correct operation */
2047 	k->sk_flags = kswap->sk_flags;
2048 
2049 	/* success */
2050 	r = 0;
2051 
2052  out:
2053 	/* XXX behaviour on error - invalidate original private key? */
2054 	cipher_free(cctx);
2055 	explicit_bzero(keyiv, sizeof(keyiv));
2056 	explicit_bzero(&tmp, sizeof(tmp));
2057 	freezero(enc, enclen);
2058 	freezero(prekey, SSHKEY_SHIELD_PREKEY_LEN);
2059 	sshkey_free(kswap);
2060 	sshbuf_free(prvbuf);
2061 	return r;
2062 }
2063 
2064 int
2065 sshkey_unshield_private(struct sshkey *k)
2066 {
2067 	struct sshbuf *prvbuf = NULL;
2068 	u_char pad, *cp, keyiv[SSH_DIGEST_MAX_LENGTH];
2069 	struct sshcipher_ctx *cctx = NULL;
2070 	const struct sshcipher *cipher;
2071 	size_t i;
2072 	struct sshkey *kswap = NULL, tmp;
2073 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
2074 
2075 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
2076 	fprintf(stderr, "%s: entering for %s\n", __func__, sshkey_ssh_name(k));
2077 #endif
2078 	if (!sshkey_is_shielded(k))
2079 		return 0; /* nothing to do */
2080 
2081 	if ((cipher = cipher_by_name(SSHKEY_SHIELD_CIPHER)) == NULL) {
2082 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2083 		goto out;
2084 	}
2085 	if (cipher_keylen(cipher) + cipher_ivlen(cipher) >
2086 	    ssh_digest_bytes(SSHKEY_SHIELD_PREKEY_HASH)) {
2087 		r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
2088 		goto out;
2089 	}
2090 	/* check size of shielded key blob */
2091 	if (k->shielded_len < cipher_blocksize(cipher) ||
2092 	    (k->shielded_len % cipher_blocksize(cipher)) != 0) {
2093 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2094 		goto out;
2095 	}
2096 
2097 	/* Calculate the ephemeral key from the prekey */
2098 	if ((r = ssh_digest_memory(SSHKEY_SHIELD_PREKEY_HASH,
2099 	    k->shield_prekey, k->shield_prekey_len,
2100 	    keyiv, SSH_DIGEST_MAX_LENGTH)) != 0)
2101 		goto out;
2102 	if ((r = cipher_init(&cctx, cipher, keyiv, cipher_keylen(cipher),
2103 	    keyiv + cipher_keylen(cipher), cipher_ivlen(cipher), 0)) != 0)
2104 		goto out;
2105 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
2106 	fprintf(stderr, "%s: key+iv\n", __func__);
2107 	sshbuf_dump_data(keyiv, ssh_digest_bytes(SSHKEY_SHIELD_PREKEY_HASH),
2108 	    stderr);
2109 #endif
2110 
2111 	/* Decrypt and parse the shielded private key using the ephemeral key */
2112 	if ((prvbuf = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
2113 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2114 		goto out;
2115 	}
2116 	if ((r = sshbuf_reserve(prvbuf, k->shielded_len, &cp)) != 0)
2117 		goto out;
2118 	/* decrypt */
2119 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
2120 	fprintf(stderr, "%s: encrypted\n", __func__);
2121 	sshbuf_dump_data(k->shielded_private, k->shielded_len, stderr);
2122 #endif
2123 	if ((r = cipher_crypt(cctx, 0, cp,
2124 	    k->shielded_private, k->shielded_len, 0, 0)) != 0)
2125 		goto out;
2126 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
2127 	fprintf(stderr, "%s: serialised\n", __func__);
2128 	sshbuf_dump(prvbuf, stderr);
2129 #endif
2130 	/* Parse private key */
2131 	if ((r = sshkey_private_deserialize(prvbuf, &kswap)) != 0)
2132 		goto out;
2133 	/* Check deterministic padding */
2134 	i = 0;
2135 	while (sshbuf_len(prvbuf)) {
2136 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(prvbuf, &pad)) != 0)
2137 			goto out;
2138 		if (pad != (++i & 0xff)) {
2139 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2140 			goto out;
2141 		}
2142 	}
2143 
2144 	/* Swap the parsed key back into place */
2145 	tmp = *kswap;
2146 	*kswap = *k;
2147 	*k = tmp;
2148 
2149 	/* success */
2150 	r = 0;
2151 
2152  out:
2153 	cipher_free(cctx);
2154 	explicit_bzero(keyiv, sizeof(keyiv));
2155 	explicit_bzero(&tmp, sizeof(tmp));
2156 	sshkey_free(kswap);
2157 	sshbuf_free(prvbuf);
2158 	return r;
2159 }
2160 
2161 static int
2162 cert_parse(struct sshbuf *b, struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *certbuf)
2163 {
2164 	struct sshbuf *principals = NULL, *crit = NULL;
2165 	struct sshbuf *exts = NULL, *ca = NULL;
2166 	u_char *sig = NULL;
2167 	size_t signed_len = 0, slen = 0, kidlen = 0;
2168 	int ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
2169 
2170 	/* Copy the entire key blob for verification and later serialisation */
2171 	if ((ret = sshbuf_putb(key->cert->certblob, certbuf)) != 0)
2172 		return ret;
2173 
2174 	/* Parse body of certificate up to signature */
2175 	if ((ret = sshbuf_get_u64(b, &key->cert->serial)) != 0 ||
2176 	    (ret = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &key->cert->type)) != 0 ||
2177 	    (ret = sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &key->cert->key_id, &kidlen)) != 0 ||
2178 	    (ret = sshbuf_froms(b, &principals)) != 0 ||
2179 	    (ret = sshbuf_get_u64(b, &key->cert->valid_after)) != 0 ||
2180 	    (ret = sshbuf_get_u64(b, &key->cert->valid_before)) != 0 ||
2181 	    (ret = sshbuf_froms(b, &crit)) != 0 ||
2182 	    (ret = sshbuf_froms(b, &exts)) != 0 ||
2183 	    (ret = sshbuf_get_string_direct(b, NULL, NULL)) != 0 ||
2184 	    (ret = sshbuf_froms(b, &ca)) != 0) {
2185 		/* XXX debug print error for ret */
2186 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2187 		goto out;
2188 	}
2189 
2190 	/* Signature is left in the buffer so we can calculate this length */
2191 	signed_len = sshbuf_len(key->cert->certblob) - sshbuf_len(b);
2192 
2193 	if ((ret = sshbuf_get_string(b, &sig, &slen)) != 0) {
2194 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2195 		goto out;
2196 	}
2197 
2198 	if (key->cert->type != SSH2_CERT_TYPE_USER &&
2199 	    key->cert->type != SSH2_CERT_TYPE_HOST) {
2200 		ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_UNKNOWN_TYPE;
2201 		goto out;
2202 	}
2203 
2204 	/* Parse principals section */
2205 	while (sshbuf_len(principals) > 0) {
2206 		char *principal = NULL;
2207 		char **oprincipals = NULL;
2208 
2209 		if (key->cert->nprincipals >= SSHKEY_CERT_MAX_PRINCIPALS) {
2210 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2211 			goto out;
2212 		}
2213 		if ((ret = sshbuf_get_cstring(principals, &principal,
2214 		    NULL)) != 0) {
2215 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2216 			goto out;
2217 		}
2218 		oprincipals = key->cert->principals;
2219 		key->cert->principals = recallocarray(key->cert->principals,
2220 		    key->cert->nprincipals, key->cert->nprincipals + 1,
2221 		    sizeof(*key->cert->principals));
2222 		if (key->cert->principals == NULL) {
2223 			free(principal);
2224 			key->cert->principals = oprincipals;
2225 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2226 			goto out;
2227 		}
2228 		key->cert->principals[key->cert->nprincipals++] = principal;
2229 	}
2230 
2231 	/*
2232 	 * Stash a copies of the critical options and extensions sections
2233 	 * for later use.
2234 	 */
2235 	if ((ret = sshbuf_putb(key->cert->critical, crit)) != 0 ||
2236 	    (exts != NULL &&
2237 	    (ret = sshbuf_putb(key->cert->extensions, exts)) != 0))
2238 		goto out;
2239 
2240 	/*
2241 	 * Validate critical options and extensions sections format.
2242 	 */
2243 	while (sshbuf_len(crit) != 0) {
2244 		if ((ret = sshbuf_get_string_direct(crit, NULL, NULL)) != 0 ||
2245 		    (ret = sshbuf_get_string_direct(crit, NULL, NULL)) != 0) {
2246 			sshbuf_reset(key->cert->critical);
2247 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2248 			goto out;
2249 		}
2250 	}
2251 	while (exts != NULL && sshbuf_len(exts) != 0) {
2252 		if ((ret = sshbuf_get_string_direct(exts, NULL, NULL)) != 0 ||
2253 		    (ret = sshbuf_get_string_direct(exts, NULL, NULL)) != 0) {
2254 			sshbuf_reset(key->cert->extensions);
2255 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2256 			goto out;
2257 		}
2258 	}
2259 
2260 	/* Parse CA key and check signature */
2261 	if (sshkey_from_blob_internal(ca, &key->cert->signature_key, 0) != 0) {
2262 		ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID_SIGN_KEY;
2263 		goto out;
2264 	}
2265 	if (!sshkey_type_is_valid_ca(key->cert->signature_key->type)) {
2266 		ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID_SIGN_KEY;
2267 		goto out;
2268 	}
2269 	if ((ret = sshkey_verify(key->cert->signature_key, sig, slen,
2270 	    sshbuf_ptr(key->cert->certblob), signed_len, NULL, 0, NULL)) != 0)
2271 		goto out;
2272 	if ((ret = sshkey_get_sigtype(sig, slen,
2273 	    &key->cert->signature_type)) != 0)
2274 		goto out;
2275 
2276 	/* Success */
2277 	ret = 0;
2278  out:
2279 	sshbuf_free(ca);
2280 	sshbuf_free(crit);
2281 	sshbuf_free(exts);
2282 	sshbuf_free(principals);
2283 	free(sig);
2284 	return ret;
2285 }
2286 
2287 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2288 static int
2289 check_rsa_length(const RSA *rsa)
2290 {
2291 	const BIGNUM *rsa_n;
2292 
2293 	RSA_get0_key(rsa, &rsa_n, NULL, NULL);
2294 	if (BN_num_bits(rsa_n) < SSH_RSA_MINIMUM_MODULUS_SIZE)
2295 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_LENGTH;
2296 	return 0;
2297 }
2298 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2299 
2300 static int
2301 sshkey_from_blob_internal(struct sshbuf *b, struct sshkey **keyp,
2302     int allow_cert)
2303 {
2304 	int type, ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
2305 	char *ktype = NULL, *curve = NULL, *xmss_name = NULL;
2306 	struct sshkey *key = NULL;
2307 	size_t len;
2308 	u_char *pk = NULL;
2309 	struct sshbuf *copy;
2310 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2311 	EC_POINT *q = NULL, *qq = NULL;
2312 	BIGNUM *rsa_n = NULL, *rsa_e = NULL;
2313 	BIGNUM *dsa_p = NULL, *dsa_q = NULL, *dsa_g = NULL, *dsa_pub_key = NULL;
2314 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2315 
2316 #ifdef DEBUG_PK /* XXX */
2317 	sshbuf_dump(b, stderr);
2318 #endif
2319 	if (keyp != NULL)
2320 		*keyp = NULL;
2321 	if ((copy = sshbuf_fromb(b)) == NULL) {
2322 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2323 		goto out;
2324 	}
2325 	if (sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &ktype, NULL) != 0) {
2326 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2327 		goto out;
2328 	}
2329 
2330 	type = sshkey_type_from_name(ktype);
2331 	if (!allow_cert && sshkey_type_is_cert(type)) {
2332 		ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID_SIGN_KEY;
2333 		goto out;
2334 	}
2335 	switch (type) {
2336 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2337 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
2338 		/* Skip nonce */
2339 		if (sshbuf_get_string_direct(b, NULL, NULL) != 0) {
2340 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2341 			goto out;
2342 		}
2343 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
2344 	case KEY_RSA:
2345 		if ((key = sshkey_new(type)) == NULL) {
2346 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2347 			goto out;
2348 		}
2349 		if (sshbuf_get_bignum2(b, &rsa_e) != 0 ||
2350 		    sshbuf_get_bignum2(b, &rsa_n) != 0) {
2351 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2352 			goto out;
2353 		}
2354 		if (!RSA_set0_key(key->rsa, rsa_n, rsa_e, NULL)) {
2355 			ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
2356 			goto out;
2357 		}
2358 		rsa_n = rsa_e = NULL; /* transferred */
2359 		if ((ret = check_rsa_length(key->rsa)) != 0)
2360 			goto out;
2361 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
2362 		RSA_print_fp(stderr, key->rsa, 8);
2363 #endif
2364 		break;
2365 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
2366 		/* Skip nonce */
2367 		if (sshbuf_get_string_direct(b, NULL, NULL) != 0) {
2368 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2369 			goto out;
2370 		}
2371 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
2372 	case KEY_DSA:
2373 		if ((key = sshkey_new(type)) == NULL) {
2374 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2375 			goto out;
2376 		}
2377 		if (sshbuf_get_bignum2(b, &dsa_p) != 0 ||
2378 		    sshbuf_get_bignum2(b, &dsa_q) != 0 ||
2379 		    sshbuf_get_bignum2(b, &dsa_g) != 0 ||
2380 		    sshbuf_get_bignum2(b, &dsa_pub_key) != 0) {
2381 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2382 			goto out;
2383 		}
2384 		if (!DSA_set0_pqg(key->dsa, dsa_p, dsa_q, dsa_g)) {
2385 			ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
2386 			goto out;
2387 		}
2388 		dsa_p = dsa_q = dsa_g = NULL; /* transferred */
2389 		if (!DSA_set0_key(key->dsa, dsa_pub_key, NULL)) {
2390 			ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
2391 			goto out;
2392 		}
2393 		dsa_pub_key = NULL; /* transferred */
2394 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
2395 		DSA_print_fp(stderr, key->dsa, 8);
2396 #endif
2397 		break;
2398 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
2399 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT:
2400 		/* Skip nonce */
2401 		if (sshbuf_get_string_direct(b, NULL, NULL) != 0) {
2402 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2403 			goto out;
2404 		}
2405 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
2406 	case KEY_ECDSA:
2407 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
2408 		if ((key = sshkey_new(type)) == NULL) {
2409 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2410 			goto out;
2411 		}
2412 		key->ecdsa_nid = sshkey_ecdsa_nid_from_name(ktype);
2413 		if (sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &curve, NULL) != 0) {
2414 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2415 			goto out;
2416 		}
2417 		if (key->ecdsa_nid != sshkey_curve_name_to_nid(curve)) {
2418 			ret = SSH_ERR_EC_CURVE_MISMATCH;
2419 			goto out;
2420 		}
2421 		EC_KEY_free(key->ecdsa);
2422 		if ((key->ecdsa = EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(key->ecdsa_nid))
2423 		    == NULL) {
2424 			ret = SSH_ERR_EC_CURVE_INVALID;
2425 			goto out;
2426 		}
2427 		if ((qq = EC_POINT_new(EC_KEY_get0_group(key->ecdsa))) == NULL) {
2428 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2429 			goto out;
2430 		}
2431 		if (sshbuf_get_ec(b, qq, EC_KEY_get0_group(key->ecdsa)) != 0) {
2432 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2433 			goto out;
2434 		}
2435 		if (sshkey_ec_validate_public(EC_KEY_get0_group(key->ecdsa),
2436 		    qq) != 0) {
2437 			ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_INVALID_EC_VALUE;
2438 			goto out;
2439 		}
2440 		if (EC_KEY_set_public_key(key->ecdsa, qq) != 1) {
2441 			/* XXX assume it is a allocation error */
2442 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2443 			goto out;
2444 		}
2445 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
2446 		sshkey_dump_ec_point(EC_KEY_get0_group(key->ecdsa), qq);
2447 #endif
2448 		if (type == KEY_ECDSA_SK || type == KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT) {
2449 			/* Parse additional security-key application string */
2450 			if (sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &key->sk_application,
2451 			    NULL) != 0) {
2452 				ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2453 				goto out;
2454 			}
2455 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
2456 			fprintf(stderr, "App: %s\n", key->sk_application);
2457 #endif
2458 		}
2459 		break;
2460 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2461 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
2462 	case KEY_ED25519_SK_CERT:
2463 		/* Skip nonce */
2464 		if (sshbuf_get_string_direct(b, NULL, NULL) != 0) {
2465 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2466 			goto out;
2467 		}
2468 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
2469 	case KEY_ED25519:
2470 	case KEY_ED25519_SK:
2471 		if ((ret = sshbuf_get_string(b, &pk, &len)) != 0)
2472 			goto out;
2473 		if (len != ED25519_PK_SZ) {
2474 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2475 			goto out;
2476 		}
2477 		if ((key = sshkey_new(type)) == NULL) {
2478 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2479 			goto out;
2480 		}
2481 		if (type == KEY_ED25519_SK || type == KEY_ED25519_SK_CERT) {
2482 			/* Parse additional security-key application string */
2483 			if (sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &key->sk_application,
2484 			    NULL) != 0) {
2485 				ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2486 				goto out;
2487 			}
2488 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
2489 			fprintf(stderr, "App: %s\n", key->sk_application);
2490 #endif
2491 		}
2492 		key->ed25519_pk = pk;
2493 		pk = NULL;
2494 		break;
2495 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
2496 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
2497 		/* Skip nonce */
2498 		if (sshbuf_get_string_direct(b, NULL, NULL) != 0) {
2499 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2500 			goto out;
2501 		}
2502 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
2503 	case KEY_XMSS:
2504 		if ((ret = sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &xmss_name, NULL)) != 0)
2505 			goto out;
2506 		if ((key = sshkey_new(type)) == NULL) {
2507 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2508 			goto out;
2509 		}
2510 		if ((ret = sshkey_xmss_init(key, xmss_name)) != 0)
2511 			goto out;
2512 		if ((ret = sshbuf_get_string(b, &pk, &len)) != 0)
2513 			goto out;
2514 		if (len == 0 || len != sshkey_xmss_pklen(key)) {
2515 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2516 			goto out;
2517 		}
2518 		key->xmss_pk = pk;
2519 		pk = NULL;
2520 		if (type != KEY_XMSS_CERT &&
2521 		    (ret = sshkey_xmss_deserialize_pk_info(key, b)) != 0)
2522 			goto out;
2523 		break;
2524 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
2525 	case KEY_UNSPEC:
2526 	default:
2527 		ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
2528 		goto out;
2529 	}
2530 
2531 	/* Parse certificate potion */
2532 	if (sshkey_is_cert(key) && (ret = cert_parse(b, key, copy)) != 0)
2533 		goto out;
2534 
2535 	if (key != NULL && sshbuf_len(b) != 0) {
2536 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2537 		goto out;
2538 	}
2539 	ret = 0;
2540 	if (keyp != NULL) {
2541 		*keyp = key;
2542 		key = NULL;
2543 	}
2544  out:
2545 	sshbuf_free(copy);
2546 	sshkey_free(key);
2547 	free(xmss_name);
2548 	free(ktype);
2549 	free(curve);
2550 	free(pk);
2551 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2552 	EC_POINT_free(q);
2553 	BN_clear_free(rsa_n);
2554 	BN_clear_free(rsa_e);
2555 	BN_clear_free(dsa_p);
2556 	BN_clear_free(dsa_q);
2557 	BN_clear_free(dsa_g);
2558 	BN_clear_free(dsa_pub_key);
2559 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2560 	return ret;
2561 }
2562 
2563 int
2564 sshkey_from_blob(const u_char *blob, size_t blen, struct sshkey **keyp)
2565 {
2566 	struct sshbuf *b;
2567 	int r;
2568 
2569 	if ((b = sshbuf_from(blob, blen)) == NULL)
2570 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2571 	r = sshkey_from_blob_internal(b, keyp, 1);
2572 	sshbuf_free(b);
2573 	return r;
2574 }
2575 
2576 int
2577 sshkey_fromb(struct sshbuf *b, struct sshkey **keyp)
2578 {
2579 	return sshkey_from_blob_internal(b, keyp, 1);
2580 }
2581 
2582 int
2583 sshkey_froms(struct sshbuf *buf, struct sshkey **keyp)
2584 {
2585 	struct sshbuf *b;
2586 	int r;
2587 
2588 	if ((r = sshbuf_froms(buf, &b)) != 0)
2589 		return r;
2590 	r = sshkey_from_blob_internal(b, keyp, 1);
2591 	sshbuf_free(b);
2592 	return r;
2593 }
2594 
2595 int
2596 sshkey_get_sigtype(const u_char *sig, size_t siglen, char **sigtypep)
2597 {
2598 	int r;
2599 	struct sshbuf *b = NULL;
2600 	char *sigtype = NULL;
2601 
2602 	if (sigtypep != NULL)
2603 		*sigtypep = NULL;
2604 	if ((b = sshbuf_from(sig, siglen)) == NULL)
2605 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2606 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &sigtype, NULL)) != 0)
2607 		goto out;
2608 	/* success */
2609 	if (sigtypep != NULL) {
2610 		*sigtypep = sigtype;
2611 		sigtype = NULL;
2612 	}
2613 	r = 0;
2614  out:
2615 	free(sigtype);
2616 	sshbuf_free(b);
2617 	return r;
2618 }
2619 
2620 /*
2621  *
2622  * Checks whether a certificate's signature type is allowed.
2623  * Returns 0 (success) if the certificate signature type appears in the
2624  * "allowed" pattern-list, or the key is not a certificate to begin with.
2625  * Otherwise returns a ssherr.h code.
2626  */
2627 int
2628 sshkey_check_cert_sigtype(const struct sshkey *key, const char *allowed)
2629 {
2630 	if (key == NULL || allowed == NULL)
2631 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2632 	if (!sshkey_type_is_cert(key->type))
2633 		return 0;
2634 	if (key->cert == NULL || key->cert->signature_type == NULL)
2635 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2636 	if (match_pattern_list(key->cert->signature_type, allowed, 0) != 1)
2637 		return SSH_ERR_SIGN_ALG_UNSUPPORTED;
2638 	return 0;
2639 }
2640 
2641 /*
2642  * Returns the expected signature algorithm for a given public key algorithm.
2643  */
2644 const char *
2645 sshkey_sigalg_by_name(const char *name)
2646 {
2647 	const struct keytype *kt;
2648 
2649 	for (kt = keytypes; kt->type != -1; kt++) {
2650 		if (strcmp(kt->name, name) != 0)
2651 			continue;
2652 		if (kt->sigalg != NULL)
2653 			return kt->sigalg;
2654 		if (!kt->cert)
2655 			return kt->name;
2656 		return sshkey_ssh_name_from_type_nid(
2657 		    sshkey_type_plain(kt->type), kt->nid);
2658 	}
2659 	return NULL;
2660 }
2661 
2662 /*
2663  * Verifies that the signature algorithm appearing inside the signature blob
2664  * matches that which was requested.
2665  */
2666 int
2667 sshkey_check_sigtype(const u_char *sig, size_t siglen,
2668     const char *requested_alg)
2669 {
2670 	const char *expected_alg;
2671 	char *sigtype = NULL;
2672 	int r;
2673 
2674 	if (requested_alg == NULL)
2675 		return 0;
2676 	if ((expected_alg = sshkey_sigalg_by_name(requested_alg)) == NULL)
2677 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2678 	if ((r = sshkey_get_sigtype(sig, siglen, &sigtype)) != 0)
2679 		return r;
2680 	r = strcmp(expected_alg, sigtype) == 0;
2681 	free(sigtype);
2682 	return r ? 0 : SSH_ERR_SIGN_ALG_UNSUPPORTED;
2683 }
2684 
2685 int
2686 sshkey_sign(struct sshkey *key,
2687     u_char **sigp, size_t *lenp,
2688     const u_char *data, size_t datalen,
2689     const char *alg, const char *sk_provider, const char *sk_pin, u_int compat)
2690 {
2691 	int was_shielded = sshkey_is_shielded(key);
2692 	int r2, r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
2693 
2694 	if (sigp != NULL)
2695 		*sigp = NULL;
2696 	if (lenp != NULL)
2697 		*lenp = 0;
2698 	if (datalen > SSH_KEY_MAX_SIGN_DATA_SIZE)
2699 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2700 	if ((r = sshkey_unshield_private(key)) != 0)
2701 		return r;
2702 	switch (key->type) {
2703 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2704 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
2705 	case KEY_DSA:
2706 		r = ssh_dss_sign(key, sigp, lenp, data, datalen, compat);
2707 		break;
2708 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
2709 	case KEY_ECDSA:
2710 		r = ssh_ecdsa_sign(key, sigp, lenp, data, datalen, compat);
2711 		break;
2712 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
2713 	case KEY_RSA:
2714 		r = ssh_rsa_sign(key, sigp, lenp, data, datalen, alg);
2715 		break;
2716 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2717 	case KEY_ED25519:
2718 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
2719 		r = ssh_ed25519_sign(key, sigp, lenp, data, datalen, compat);
2720 		break;
2721 	case KEY_ED25519_SK:
2722 	case KEY_ED25519_SK_CERT:
2723 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT:
2724 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
2725 		r = sshsk_sign(sk_provider, key, sigp, lenp, data,
2726 		    datalen, compat, sk_pin);
2727 		break;
2728 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
2729 	case KEY_XMSS:
2730 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
2731 		r = ssh_xmss_sign(key, sigp, lenp, data, datalen, compat);
2732 		break;
2733 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
2734 	default:
2735 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
2736 		break;
2737 	}
2738 	if (was_shielded && (r2 = sshkey_shield_private(key)) != 0)
2739 		return r2;
2740 	return r;
2741 }
2742 
2743 /*
2744  * ssh_key_verify returns 0 for a correct signature  and < 0 on error.
2745  * If "alg" specified, then the signature must use that algorithm.
2746  */
2747 int
2748 sshkey_verify(const struct sshkey *key,
2749     const u_char *sig, size_t siglen,
2750     const u_char *data, size_t dlen, const char *alg, u_int compat,
2751     struct sshkey_sig_details **detailsp)
2752 {
2753 	if (detailsp != NULL)
2754 		*detailsp = NULL;
2755 	if (siglen == 0 || dlen > SSH_KEY_MAX_SIGN_DATA_SIZE)
2756 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2757 	switch (key->type) {
2758 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2759 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
2760 	case KEY_DSA:
2761 		return ssh_dss_verify(key, sig, siglen, data, dlen, compat);
2762 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
2763 	case KEY_ECDSA:
2764 		return ssh_ecdsa_verify(key, sig, siglen, data, dlen, compat);
2765 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT:
2766 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
2767 		return ssh_ecdsa_sk_verify(key, sig, siglen, data, dlen,
2768 		    compat, detailsp);
2769 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
2770 	case KEY_RSA:
2771 		return ssh_rsa_verify(key, sig, siglen, data, dlen, alg);
2772 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2773 	case KEY_ED25519:
2774 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
2775 		return ssh_ed25519_verify(key, sig, siglen, data, dlen, compat);
2776 	case KEY_ED25519_SK:
2777 	case KEY_ED25519_SK_CERT:
2778 		return ssh_ed25519_sk_verify(key, sig, siglen, data, dlen,
2779 		    compat, detailsp);
2780 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
2781 	case KEY_XMSS:
2782 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
2783 		return ssh_xmss_verify(key, sig, siglen, data, dlen, compat);
2784 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
2785 	default:
2786 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
2787 	}
2788 }
2789 
2790 /* Convert a plain key to their _CERT equivalent */
2791 int
2792 sshkey_to_certified(struct sshkey *k)
2793 {
2794 	int newtype;
2795 
2796 	switch (k->type) {
2797 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2798 	case KEY_RSA:
2799 		newtype = KEY_RSA_CERT;
2800 		break;
2801 	case KEY_DSA:
2802 		newtype = KEY_DSA_CERT;
2803 		break;
2804 	case KEY_ECDSA:
2805 		newtype = KEY_ECDSA_CERT;
2806 		break;
2807 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
2808 		newtype = KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT;
2809 		break;
2810 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2811 	case KEY_ED25519_SK:
2812 		newtype = KEY_ED25519_SK_CERT;
2813 		break;
2814 	case KEY_ED25519:
2815 		newtype = KEY_ED25519_CERT;
2816 		break;
2817 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
2818 	case KEY_XMSS:
2819 		newtype = KEY_XMSS_CERT;
2820 		break;
2821 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
2822 	default:
2823 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2824 	}
2825 	if ((k->cert = cert_new()) == NULL)
2826 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2827 	k->type = newtype;
2828 	return 0;
2829 }
2830 
2831 /* Convert a certificate to its raw key equivalent */
2832 int
2833 sshkey_drop_cert(struct sshkey *k)
2834 {
2835 	if (!sshkey_type_is_cert(k->type))
2836 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
2837 	cert_free(k->cert);
2838 	k->cert = NULL;
2839 	k->type = sshkey_type_plain(k->type);
2840 	return 0;
2841 }
2842 
2843 /* Sign a certified key, (re-)generating the signed certblob. */
2844 int
2845 sshkey_certify_custom(struct sshkey *k, struct sshkey *ca, const char *alg,
2846     const char *sk_provider, const char *sk_pin,
2847     sshkey_certify_signer *signer, void *signer_ctx)
2848 {
2849 	struct sshbuf *principals = NULL;
2850 	u_char *ca_blob = NULL, *sig_blob = NULL, nonce[32];
2851 	size_t i, ca_len, sig_len;
2852 	int ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
2853 	struct sshbuf *cert = NULL;
2854 	char *sigtype = NULL;
2855 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2856 	const BIGNUM *rsa_n, *rsa_e, *dsa_p, *dsa_q, *dsa_g, *dsa_pub_key;
2857 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2858 
2859 	if (k == NULL || k->cert == NULL ||
2860 	    k->cert->certblob == NULL || ca == NULL)
2861 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2862 	if (!sshkey_is_cert(k))
2863 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
2864 	if (!sshkey_type_is_valid_ca(ca->type))
2865 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID_SIGN_KEY;
2866 
2867 	/*
2868 	 * If no alg specified as argument but a signature_type was set,
2869 	 * then prefer that. If both were specified, then they must match.
2870 	 */
2871 	if (alg == NULL)
2872 		alg = k->cert->signature_type;
2873 	else if (k->cert->signature_type != NULL &&
2874 	    strcmp(alg, k->cert->signature_type) != 0)
2875 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2876 
2877 	/*
2878 	 * If no signing algorithm or signature_type was specified and we're
2879 	 * using a RSA key, then default to a good signature algorithm.
2880 	 */
2881 	if (alg == NULL && ca->type == KEY_RSA)
2882 		alg = "rsa-sha2-512";
2883 
2884 	if ((ret = sshkey_to_blob(ca, &ca_blob, &ca_len)) != 0)
2885 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID_SIGN_KEY;
2886 
2887 	cert = k->cert->certblob; /* for readability */
2888 	sshbuf_reset(cert);
2889 	if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(cert, sshkey_ssh_name(k))) != 0)
2890 		goto out;
2891 
2892 	/* -v01 certs put nonce first */
2893 	arc4random_buf(&nonce, sizeof(nonce));
2894 	if ((ret = sshbuf_put_string(cert, nonce, sizeof(nonce))) != 0)
2895 		goto out;
2896 
2897 	/* XXX this substantially duplicates to_blob(); refactor */
2898 	switch (k->type) {
2899 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2900 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
2901 		DSA_get0_pqg(k->dsa, &dsa_p, &dsa_q, &dsa_g);
2902 		DSA_get0_key(k->dsa, &dsa_pub_key, NULL);
2903 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(cert, dsa_p)) != 0 ||
2904 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(cert, dsa_q)) != 0 ||
2905 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(cert, dsa_g)) != 0 ||
2906 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(cert, dsa_pub_key)) != 0)
2907 			goto out;
2908 		break;
2909 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
2910 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT:
2911 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(cert,
2912 		    sshkey_curve_nid_to_name(k->ecdsa_nid))) != 0 ||
2913 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_ec(cert,
2914 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(k->ecdsa),
2915 		    EC_KEY_get0_group(k->ecdsa))) != 0)
2916 			goto out;
2917 		if (k->type == KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT) {
2918 			if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(cert,
2919 			    k->sk_application)) != 0)
2920 				goto out;
2921 		}
2922 		break;
2923 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
2924 		RSA_get0_key(k->rsa, &rsa_n, &rsa_e, NULL);
2925 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(cert, rsa_e)) != 0 ||
2926 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(cert, rsa_n)) != 0)
2927 			goto out;
2928 		break;
2929 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2930 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
2931 	case KEY_ED25519_SK_CERT:
2932 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_string(cert,
2933 		    k->ed25519_pk, ED25519_PK_SZ)) != 0)
2934 			goto out;
2935 		if (k->type == KEY_ED25519_SK_CERT) {
2936 			if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(cert,
2937 			    k->sk_application)) != 0)
2938 				goto out;
2939 		}
2940 		break;
2941 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
2942 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
2943 		if (k->xmss_name == NULL) {
2944 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2945 			goto out;
2946 		}
2947 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(cert, k->xmss_name)) ||
2948 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_string(cert,
2949 		    k->xmss_pk, sshkey_xmss_pklen(k))) != 0)
2950 			goto out;
2951 		break;
2952 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
2953 	default:
2954 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2955 		goto out;
2956 	}
2957 
2958 	if ((ret = sshbuf_put_u64(cert, k->cert->serial)) != 0 ||
2959 	    (ret = sshbuf_put_u32(cert, k->cert->type)) != 0 ||
2960 	    (ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(cert, k->cert->key_id)) != 0)
2961 		goto out;
2962 
2963 	if ((principals = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
2964 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2965 		goto out;
2966 	}
2967 	for (i = 0; i < k->cert->nprincipals; i++) {
2968 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(principals,
2969 		    k->cert->principals[i])) != 0)
2970 			goto out;
2971 	}
2972 	if ((ret = sshbuf_put_stringb(cert, principals)) != 0 ||
2973 	    (ret = sshbuf_put_u64(cert, k->cert->valid_after)) != 0 ||
2974 	    (ret = sshbuf_put_u64(cert, k->cert->valid_before)) != 0 ||
2975 	    (ret = sshbuf_put_stringb(cert, k->cert->critical)) != 0 ||
2976 	    (ret = sshbuf_put_stringb(cert, k->cert->extensions)) != 0 ||
2977 	    (ret = sshbuf_put_string(cert, NULL, 0)) != 0 || /* Reserved */
2978 	    (ret = sshbuf_put_string(cert, ca_blob, ca_len)) != 0)
2979 		goto out;
2980 
2981 	/* Sign the whole mess */
2982 	if ((ret = signer(ca, &sig_blob, &sig_len, sshbuf_ptr(cert),
2983 	    sshbuf_len(cert), alg, sk_provider, sk_pin, 0, signer_ctx)) != 0)
2984 		goto out;
2985 	/* Check and update signature_type against what was actually used */
2986 	if ((ret = sshkey_get_sigtype(sig_blob, sig_len, &sigtype)) != 0)
2987 		goto out;
2988 	if (alg != NULL && strcmp(alg, sigtype) != 0) {
2989 		ret = SSH_ERR_SIGN_ALG_UNSUPPORTED;
2990 		goto out;
2991 	}
2992 	if (k->cert->signature_type == NULL) {
2993 		k->cert->signature_type = sigtype;
2994 		sigtype = NULL;
2995 	}
2996 	/* Append signature and we are done */
2997 	if ((ret = sshbuf_put_string(cert, sig_blob, sig_len)) != 0)
2998 		goto out;
2999 	ret = 0;
3000  out:
3001 	if (ret != 0)
3002 		sshbuf_reset(cert);
3003 	free(sig_blob);
3004 	free(ca_blob);
3005 	free(sigtype);
3006 	sshbuf_free(principals);
3007 	return ret;
3008 }
3009 
3010 static int
3011 default_key_sign(struct sshkey *key, u_char **sigp, size_t *lenp,
3012     const u_char *data, size_t datalen,
3013     const char *alg, const char *sk_provider, const char *sk_pin,
3014     u_int compat, void *ctx)
3015 {
3016 	if (ctx != NULL)
3017 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
3018 	return sshkey_sign(key, sigp, lenp, data, datalen, alg,
3019 	    sk_provider, sk_pin, compat);
3020 }
3021 
3022 int
3023 sshkey_certify(struct sshkey *k, struct sshkey *ca, const char *alg,
3024     const char *sk_provider, const char *sk_pin)
3025 {
3026 	return sshkey_certify_custom(k, ca, alg, sk_provider, sk_pin,
3027 	    default_key_sign, NULL);
3028 }
3029 
3030 int
3031 sshkey_cert_check_authority(const struct sshkey *k,
3032     int want_host, int require_principal, int wildcard_pattern,
3033     const char *name, const char **reason)
3034 {
3035 	u_int i, principal_matches;
3036 	time_t now = time(NULL);
3037 
3038 	if (reason == NULL)
3039 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
3040 	if (!sshkey_is_cert(k)) {
3041 		*reason = "Key is not a certificate";
3042 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID;
3043 	}
3044 	if (want_host) {
3045 		if (k->cert->type != SSH2_CERT_TYPE_HOST) {
3046 			*reason = "Certificate invalid: not a host certificate";
3047 			return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID;
3048 		}
3049 	} else {
3050 		if (k->cert->type != SSH2_CERT_TYPE_USER) {
3051 			*reason = "Certificate invalid: not a user certificate";
3052 			return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID;
3053 		}
3054 	}
3055 	if (now < 0) {
3056 		/* yikes - system clock before epoch! */
3057 		*reason = "Certificate invalid: not yet valid";
3058 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID;
3059 	}
3060 	if ((u_int64_t)now < k->cert->valid_after) {
3061 		*reason = "Certificate invalid: not yet valid";
3062 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID;
3063 	}
3064 	if ((u_int64_t)now >= k->cert->valid_before) {
3065 		*reason = "Certificate invalid: expired";
3066 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID;
3067 	}
3068 	if (k->cert->nprincipals == 0) {
3069 		if (require_principal) {
3070 			*reason = "Certificate lacks principal list";
3071 			return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID;
3072 		}
3073 	} else if (name != NULL) {
3074 		principal_matches = 0;
3075 		for (i = 0; i < k->cert->nprincipals; i++) {
3076 			if (wildcard_pattern) {
3077 				if (match_pattern(k->cert->principals[i],
3078 				    name)) {
3079 					principal_matches = 1;
3080 					break;
3081 				}
3082 			} else if (strcmp(name, k->cert->principals[i]) == 0) {
3083 				principal_matches = 1;
3084 				break;
3085 			}
3086 		}
3087 		if (!principal_matches) {
3088 			*reason = "Certificate invalid: name is not a listed "
3089 			    "principal";
3090 			return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID;
3091 		}
3092 	}
3093 	return 0;
3094 }
3095 
3096 int
3097 sshkey_cert_check_host(const struct sshkey *key, const char *host,
3098     int wildcard_principals, const char *ca_sign_algorithms,
3099     const char **reason)
3100 {
3101 	int r;
3102 
3103 	if ((r = sshkey_cert_check_authority(key, 1, 0, wildcard_principals,
3104 	    host, reason)) != 0)
3105 		return r;
3106 	if (sshbuf_len(key->cert->critical) != 0) {
3107 		*reason = "Certificate contains unsupported critical options";
3108 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID;
3109 	}
3110 	if (ca_sign_algorithms != NULL &&
3111 	    (r = sshkey_check_cert_sigtype(key, ca_sign_algorithms)) != 0) {
3112 		*reason = "Certificate signed with disallowed algorithm";
3113 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID;
3114 	}
3115 	return 0;
3116 }
3117 
3118 size_t
3119 sshkey_format_cert_validity(const struct sshkey_cert *cert, char *s, size_t l)
3120 {
3121 	char from[32], to[32], ret[128];
3122 	time_t tt;
3123 	struct tm *tm;
3124 
3125 	*from = *to = '\0';
3126 	if (cert->valid_after == 0 &&
3127 	    cert->valid_before == 0xffffffffffffffffULL)
3128 		return strlcpy(s, "forever", l);
3129 
3130 	if (cert->valid_after != 0) {
3131 		/* XXX revisit INT_MAX in 2038 :) */
3132 		tt = cert->valid_after > INT_MAX ?
3133 		    INT_MAX : cert->valid_after;
3134 		tm = localtime(&tt);
3135 		strftime(from, sizeof(from), "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S", tm);
3136 	}
3137 	if (cert->valid_before != 0xffffffffffffffffULL) {
3138 		/* XXX revisit INT_MAX in 2038 :) */
3139 		tt = cert->valid_before > INT_MAX ?
3140 		    INT_MAX : cert->valid_before;
3141 		tm = localtime(&tt);
3142 		strftime(to, sizeof(to), "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S", tm);
3143 	}
3144 
3145 	if (cert->valid_after == 0)
3146 		snprintf(ret, sizeof(ret), "before %s", to);
3147 	else if (cert->valid_before == 0xffffffffffffffffULL)
3148 		snprintf(ret, sizeof(ret), "after %s", from);
3149 	else
3150 		snprintf(ret, sizeof(ret), "from %s to %s", from, to);
3151 
3152 	return strlcpy(s, ret, l);
3153 }
3154 
3155 int
3156 sshkey_private_serialize_opt(struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *buf,
3157     enum sshkey_serialize_rep opts)
3158 {
3159 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
3160 	int was_shielded = sshkey_is_shielded(key);
3161 	struct sshbuf *b = NULL;
3162 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
3163 	const BIGNUM *rsa_n, *rsa_e, *rsa_d, *rsa_iqmp, *rsa_p, *rsa_q;
3164 	const BIGNUM *dsa_p, *dsa_q, *dsa_g, *dsa_pub_key, *dsa_priv_key;
3165 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
3166 
3167 	if ((r = sshkey_unshield_private(key)) != 0)
3168 		return r;
3169 	if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
3170 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3171 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, sshkey_ssh_name(key))) != 0)
3172 		goto out;
3173 	switch (key->type) {
3174 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
3175 	case KEY_RSA:
3176 		RSA_get0_key(key->rsa, &rsa_n, &rsa_e, &rsa_d);
3177 		RSA_get0_factors(key->rsa, &rsa_p, &rsa_q);
3178 		RSA_get0_crt_params(key->rsa, NULL, NULL, &rsa_iqmp);
3179 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, rsa_n)) != 0 ||
3180 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, rsa_e)) != 0 ||
3181 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, rsa_d)) != 0 ||
3182 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, rsa_iqmp)) != 0 ||
3183 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, rsa_p)) != 0 ||
3184 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, rsa_q)) != 0)
3185 			goto out;
3186 		break;
3187 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
3188 		if (key->cert == NULL || sshbuf_len(key->cert->certblob) == 0) {
3189 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
3190 			goto out;
3191 		}
3192 		RSA_get0_key(key->rsa, NULL, NULL, &rsa_d);
3193 		RSA_get0_factors(key->rsa, &rsa_p, &rsa_q);
3194 		RSA_get0_crt_params(key->rsa, NULL, NULL, &rsa_iqmp);
3195 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, key->cert->certblob)) != 0 ||
3196 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, rsa_d)) != 0 ||
3197 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, rsa_iqmp)) != 0 ||
3198 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, rsa_p)) != 0 ||
3199 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, rsa_q)) != 0)
3200 			goto out;
3201 		break;
3202 	case KEY_DSA:
3203 		DSA_get0_pqg(key->dsa, &dsa_p, &dsa_q, &dsa_g);
3204 		DSA_get0_key(key->dsa, &dsa_pub_key, &dsa_priv_key);
3205 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, dsa_p)) != 0 ||
3206 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, dsa_q)) != 0 ||
3207 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, dsa_g)) != 0 ||
3208 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, dsa_pub_key)) != 0 ||
3209 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, dsa_priv_key)) != 0)
3210 			goto out;
3211 		break;
3212 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
3213 		if (key->cert == NULL || sshbuf_len(key->cert->certblob) == 0) {
3214 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
3215 			goto out;
3216 		}
3217 		DSA_get0_key(key->dsa, NULL, &dsa_priv_key);
3218 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, key->cert->certblob)) != 0 ||
3219 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, dsa_priv_key)) != 0)
3220 			goto out;
3221 		break;
3222 	case KEY_ECDSA:
3223 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b,
3224 		    sshkey_curve_nid_to_name(key->ecdsa_nid))) != 0 ||
3225 		    (r = sshbuf_put_eckey(b, key->ecdsa)) != 0 ||
3226 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b,
3227 		    EC_KEY_get0_private_key(key->ecdsa))) != 0)
3228 			goto out;
3229 		break;
3230 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
3231 		if (key->cert == NULL || sshbuf_len(key->cert->certblob) == 0) {
3232 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
3233 			goto out;
3234 		}
3235 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, key->cert->certblob)) != 0 ||
3236 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b,
3237 		    EC_KEY_get0_private_key(key->ecdsa))) != 0)
3238 			goto out;
3239 		break;
3240 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
3241 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b,
3242 		    sshkey_curve_nid_to_name(key->ecdsa_nid))) != 0 ||
3243 		    (r = sshbuf_put_eckey(b, key->ecdsa)) != 0 ||
3244 		    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, key->sk_application)) != 0 ||
3245 		    (r = sshbuf_put_u8(b, key->sk_flags)) != 0 ||
3246 		    (r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, key->sk_key_handle)) != 0 ||
3247 		    (r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, key->sk_reserved)) != 0)
3248 			goto out;
3249 		break;
3250 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT:
3251 		if (key->cert == NULL || sshbuf_len(key->cert->certblob) == 0) {
3252 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
3253 			goto out;
3254 		}
3255 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, key->cert->certblob)) != 0 ||
3256 		    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, key->sk_application)) != 0 ||
3257 		    (r = sshbuf_put_u8(b, key->sk_flags)) != 0 ||
3258 		    (r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, key->sk_key_handle)) != 0 ||
3259 		    (r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, key->sk_reserved)) != 0)
3260 			goto out;
3261 		break;
3262 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
3263 	case KEY_ED25519:
3264 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_string(b, key->ed25519_pk,
3265 		    ED25519_PK_SZ)) != 0 ||
3266 		    (r = sshbuf_put_string(b, key->ed25519_sk,
3267 		    ED25519_SK_SZ)) != 0)
3268 			goto out;
3269 		break;
3270 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
3271 		if (key->cert == NULL || sshbuf_len(key->cert->certblob) == 0) {
3272 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
3273 			goto out;
3274 		}
3275 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, key->cert->certblob)) != 0 ||
3276 		    (r = sshbuf_put_string(b, key->ed25519_pk,
3277 		    ED25519_PK_SZ)) != 0 ||
3278 		    (r = sshbuf_put_string(b, key->ed25519_sk,
3279 		    ED25519_SK_SZ)) != 0)
3280 			goto out;
3281 		break;
3282 	case KEY_ED25519_SK:
3283 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_string(b, key->ed25519_pk,
3284 		    ED25519_PK_SZ)) != 0 ||
3285 		    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, key->sk_application)) != 0 ||
3286 		    (r = sshbuf_put_u8(b, key->sk_flags)) != 0 ||
3287 		    (r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, key->sk_key_handle)) != 0 ||
3288 		    (r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, key->sk_reserved)) != 0)
3289 			goto out;
3290 		break;
3291 	case KEY_ED25519_SK_CERT:
3292 		if (key->cert == NULL || sshbuf_len(key->cert->certblob) == 0) {
3293 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
3294 			goto out;
3295 		}
3296 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, key->cert->certblob)) != 0 ||
3297 		    (r = sshbuf_put_string(b, key->ed25519_pk,
3298 		    ED25519_PK_SZ)) != 0 ||
3299 		    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, key->sk_application)) != 0 ||
3300 		    (r = sshbuf_put_u8(b, key->sk_flags)) != 0 ||
3301 		    (r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, key->sk_key_handle)) != 0 ||
3302 		    (r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, key->sk_reserved)) != 0)
3303 			goto out;
3304 		break;
3305 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
3306 	case KEY_XMSS:
3307 		if (key->xmss_name == NULL) {
3308 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
3309 			goto out;
3310 		}
3311 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, key->xmss_name)) != 0 ||
3312 		    (r = sshbuf_put_string(b, key->xmss_pk,
3313 		    sshkey_xmss_pklen(key))) != 0 ||
3314 		    (r = sshbuf_put_string(b, key->xmss_sk,
3315 		    sshkey_xmss_sklen(key))) != 0 ||
3316 		    (r = sshkey_xmss_serialize_state_opt(key, b, opts)) != 0)
3317 			goto out;
3318 		break;
3319 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
3320 		if (key->cert == NULL || sshbuf_len(key->cert->certblob) == 0 ||
3321 		    key->xmss_name == NULL) {
3322 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
3323 			goto out;
3324 		}
3325 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, key->cert->certblob)) != 0 ||
3326 		    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, key->xmss_name)) != 0 ||
3327 		    (r = sshbuf_put_string(b, key->xmss_pk,
3328 		    sshkey_xmss_pklen(key))) != 0 ||
3329 		    (r = sshbuf_put_string(b, key->xmss_sk,
3330 		    sshkey_xmss_sklen(key))) != 0 ||
3331 		    (r = sshkey_xmss_serialize_state_opt(key, b, opts)) != 0)
3332 			goto out;
3333 		break;
3334 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
3335 	default:
3336 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
3337 		goto out;
3338 	}
3339 	/*
3340 	 * success (but we still need to append the output to buf after
3341 	 * possibly re-shielding the private key)
3342 	 */
3343 	r = 0;
3344  out:
3345 	if (was_shielded)
3346 		r = sshkey_shield_private(key);
3347 	if (r == 0)
3348 		r = sshbuf_putb(buf, b);
3349 	sshbuf_free(b);
3350 
3351 	return r;
3352 }
3353 
3354 int
3355 sshkey_private_serialize(struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *b)
3356 {
3357 	return sshkey_private_serialize_opt(key, b,
3358 	    SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_DEFAULT);
3359 }
3360 
3361 int
3362 sshkey_private_deserialize(struct sshbuf *buf, struct sshkey **kp)
3363 {
3364 	char *tname = NULL, *curve = NULL, *xmss_name = NULL;
3365 	char *expect_sk_application = NULL;
3366 	struct sshkey *k = NULL;
3367 	size_t pklen = 0, sklen = 0;
3368 	int type, r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
3369 	u_char *ed25519_pk = NULL, *ed25519_sk = NULL;
3370 	u_char *expect_ed25519_pk = NULL;
3371 	u_char *xmss_pk = NULL, *xmss_sk = NULL;
3372 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
3373 	BIGNUM *exponent = NULL;
3374 	BIGNUM *rsa_n = NULL, *rsa_e = NULL, *rsa_d = NULL;
3375 	BIGNUM *rsa_iqmp = NULL, *rsa_p = NULL, *rsa_q = NULL;
3376 	BIGNUM *dsa_p = NULL, *dsa_q = NULL, *dsa_g = NULL;
3377 	BIGNUM *dsa_pub_key = NULL, *dsa_priv_key = NULL;
3378 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
3379 
3380 	if (kp != NULL)
3381 		*kp = NULL;
3382 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(buf, &tname, NULL)) != 0)
3383 		goto out;
3384 	type = sshkey_type_from_name(tname);
3385 	if (sshkey_type_is_cert(type)) {
3386 		/*
3387 		 * Certificate key private keys begin with the certificate
3388 		 * itself. Make sure this matches the type of the enclosing
3389 		 * private key.
3390 		 */
3391 		if ((r = sshkey_froms(buf, &k)) != 0)
3392 			goto out;
3393 		if (k->type != type) {
3394 			r = SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_MISMATCH;
3395 			goto out;
3396 		}
3397 		/* For ECDSA keys, the group must match too */
3398 		if (k->type == KEY_ECDSA &&
3399 		    k->ecdsa_nid != sshkey_ecdsa_nid_from_name(tname)) {
3400 			r = SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_MISMATCH;
3401 			goto out;
3402 		}
3403 		/*
3404 		 * Several fields are redundant between certificate and
3405 		 * private key body, we require these to match.
3406 		 */
3407 		expect_sk_application = k->sk_application;
3408 		expect_ed25519_pk = k->ed25519_pk;
3409 		k->sk_application = NULL;
3410 		k->ed25519_pk = NULL;
3411 	} else {
3412 		if ((k = sshkey_new(type)) == NULL) {
3413 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3414 			goto out;
3415 		}
3416 	}
3417 	switch (type) {
3418 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
3419 	case KEY_DSA:
3420 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, &dsa_p)) != 0 ||
3421 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, &dsa_q)) != 0 ||
3422 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, &dsa_g)) != 0 ||
3423 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, &dsa_pub_key)) != 0)
3424 			goto out;
3425 		if (!DSA_set0_pqg(k->dsa, dsa_p, dsa_q, dsa_g)) {
3426 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3427 			goto out;
3428 		}
3429 		dsa_p = dsa_q = dsa_g = NULL; /* transferred */
3430 		if (!DSA_set0_key(k->dsa, dsa_pub_key, NULL)) {
3431 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3432 			goto out;
3433 		}
3434 		dsa_pub_key = NULL; /* transferred */
3435 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
3436 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
3437 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, &dsa_priv_key)) != 0)
3438 			goto out;
3439 		if (!DSA_set0_key(k->dsa, NULL, dsa_priv_key)) {
3440 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3441 			goto out;
3442 		}
3443 		dsa_priv_key = NULL; /* transferred */
3444 		break;
3445 	case KEY_ECDSA:
3446 		if ((k->ecdsa_nid = sshkey_ecdsa_nid_from_name(tname)) == -1) {
3447 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
3448 			goto out;
3449 		}
3450 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(buf, &curve, NULL)) != 0)
3451 			goto out;
3452 		if (k->ecdsa_nid != sshkey_curve_name_to_nid(curve)) {
3453 			r = SSH_ERR_EC_CURVE_MISMATCH;
3454 			goto out;
3455 		}
3456 		k->ecdsa = EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(k->ecdsa_nid);
3457 		if (k->ecdsa  == NULL) {
3458 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3459 			goto out;
3460 		}
3461 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_eckey(buf, k->ecdsa)) != 0)
3462 			goto out;
3463 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
3464 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
3465 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, &exponent)) != 0)
3466 			goto out;
3467 		if (EC_KEY_set_private_key(k->ecdsa, exponent) != 1) {
3468 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3469 			goto out;
3470 		}
3471 		if ((r = sshkey_ec_validate_public(EC_KEY_get0_group(k->ecdsa),
3472 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(k->ecdsa))) != 0 ||
3473 		    (r = sshkey_ec_validate_private(k->ecdsa)) != 0)
3474 			goto out;
3475 		break;
3476 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
3477 		if ((k->ecdsa_nid = sshkey_ecdsa_nid_from_name(tname)) == -1) {
3478 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
3479 			goto out;
3480 		}
3481 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(buf, &curve, NULL)) != 0)
3482 			goto out;
3483 		if (k->ecdsa_nid != sshkey_curve_name_to_nid(curve)) {
3484 			r = SSH_ERR_EC_CURVE_MISMATCH;
3485 			goto out;
3486 		}
3487 		if ((k->sk_key_handle = sshbuf_new()) == NULL ||
3488 		    (k->sk_reserved = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
3489 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3490 			goto out;
3491 		}
3492 		k->ecdsa = EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(k->ecdsa_nid);
3493 		if (k->ecdsa  == NULL) {
3494 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3495 			goto out;
3496 		}
3497 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_eckey(buf, k->ecdsa)) != 0 ||
3498 		    (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(buf, &k->sk_application,
3499 		    NULL)) != 0 ||
3500 		    (r = sshbuf_get_u8(buf, &k->sk_flags)) != 0 ||
3501 		    (r = sshbuf_get_stringb(buf, k->sk_key_handle)) != 0 ||
3502 		    (r = sshbuf_get_stringb(buf, k->sk_reserved)) != 0)
3503 			goto out;
3504 		if ((r = sshkey_ec_validate_public(EC_KEY_get0_group(k->ecdsa),
3505 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(k->ecdsa))) != 0)
3506 			goto out;
3507 		break;
3508 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT:
3509 		if ((k->sk_key_handle = sshbuf_new()) == NULL ||
3510 		    (k->sk_reserved = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
3511 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3512 			goto out;
3513 		}
3514 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(buf, &k->sk_application,
3515 		    NULL)) != 0 ||
3516 		    (r = sshbuf_get_u8(buf, &k->sk_flags)) != 0 ||
3517 		    (r = sshbuf_get_stringb(buf, k->sk_key_handle)) != 0 ||
3518 		    (r = sshbuf_get_stringb(buf, k->sk_reserved)) != 0)
3519 			goto out;
3520 		if ((r = sshkey_ec_validate_public(EC_KEY_get0_group(k->ecdsa),
3521 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(k->ecdsa))) != 0)
3522 			goto out;
3523 		break;
3524 	case KEY_RSA:
3525 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, &rsa_n)) != 0 ||
3526 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, &rsa_e)) != 0)
3527 			goto out;
3528 		if (!RSA_set0_key(k->rsa, rsa_n, rsa_e, NULL)) {
3529 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3530 			goto out;
3531 		}
3532 		rsa_n = rsa_e = NULL; /* transferred */
3533 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
3534 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
3535 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, &rsa_d)) != 0 ||
3536 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, &rsa_iqmp)) != 0 ||
3537 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, &rsa_p)) != 0 ||
3538 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, &rsa_q)) != 0)
3539 			goto out;
3540 		if (!RSA_set0_key(k->rsa, NULL, NULL, rsa_d)) {
3541 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3542 			goto out;
3543 		}
3544 		rsa_d = NULL; /* transferred */
3545 		if (!RSA_set0_factors(k->rsa, rsa_p, rsa_q)) {
3546 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3547 			goto out;
3548 		}
3549 		rsa_p = rsa_q = NULL; /* transferred */
3550 		if ((r = check_rsa_length(k->rsa)) != 0)
3551 			goto out;
3552 		if ((r = ssh_rsa_complete_crt_parameters(k, rsa_iqmp)) != 0)
3553 			goto out;
3554 		break;
3555 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
3556 	case KEY_ED25519:
3557 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
3558 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_string(buf, &ed25519_pk, &pklen)) != 0 ||
3559 		    (r = sshbuf_get_string(buf, &ed25519_sk, &sklen)) != 0)
3560 			goto out;
3561 		if (pklen != ED25519_PK_SZ || sklen != ED25519_SK_SZ) {
3562 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3563 			goto out;
3564 		}
3565 		k->ed25519_pk = ed25519_pk;
3566 		k->ed25519_sk = ed25519_sk;
3567 		ed25519_pk = ed25519_sk = NULL; /* transferred */
3568 		break;
3569 	case KEY_ED25519_SK:
3570 	case KEY_ED25519_SK_CERT:
3571 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_string(buf, &ed25519_pk, &pklen)) != 0)
3572 			goto out;
3573 		if (pklen != ED25519_PK_SZ) {
3574 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3575 			goto out;
3576 		}
3577 		if ((k->sk_key_handle = sshbuf_new()) == NULL ||
3578 		    (k->sk_reserved = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
3579 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3580 			goto out;
3581 		}
3582 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(buf, &k->sk_application,
3583 		    NULL)) != 0 ||
3584 		    (r = sshbuf_get_u8(buf, &k->sk_flags)) != 0 ||
3585 		    (r = sshbuf_get_stringb(buf, k->sk_key_handle)) != 0 ||
3586 		    (r = sshbuf_get_stringb(buf, k->sk_reserved)) != 0)
3587 			goto out;
3588 		k->ed25519_pk = ed25519_pk;
3589 		ed25519_pk = NULL; /* transferred */
3590 		break;
3591 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
3592 	case KEY_XMSS:
3593 	case KEY_XMSS_CERT:
3594 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(buf, &xmss_name, NULL)) != 0 ||
3595 		    (r = sshbuf_get_string(buf, &xmss_pk, &pklen)) != 0 ||
3596 		    (r = sshbuf_get_string(buf, &xmss_sk, &sklen)) != 0)
3597 			goto out;
3598 		if (type == KEY_XMSS &&
3599 		    (r = sshkey_xmss_init(k, xmss_name)) != 0)
3600 			goto out;
3601 		if (pklen != sshkey_xmss_pklen(k) ||
3602 		    sklen != sshkey_xmss_sklen(k)) {
3603 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3604 			goto out;
3605 		}
3606 		k->xmss_pk = xmss_pk;
3607 		k->xmss_sk = xmss_sk;
3608 		xmss_pk = xmss_sk = NULL;
3609 		/* optional internal state */
3610 		if ((r = sshkey_xmss_deserialize_state_opt(k, buf)) != 0)
3611 			goto out;
3612 		break;
3613 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
3614 	default:
3615 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
3616 		goto out;
3617 	}
3618 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
3619 	/* enable blinding */
3620 	switch (k->type) {
3621 	case KEY_RSA:
3622 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
3623 		if (RSA_blinding_on(k->rsa, NULL) != 1) {
3624 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3625 			goto out;
3626 		}
3627 		break;
3628 	}
3629 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
3630 	if ((expect_sk_application != NULL && (k->sk_application == NULL ||
3631 	    strcmp(expect_sk_application, k->sk_application) != 0)) ||
3632 	    (expect_ed25519_pk != NULL && (k->ed25519_pk == NULL ||
3633 	    memcmp(expect_ed25519_pk, k->ed25519_pk, ED25519_PK_SZ) != 0))) {
3634 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_MISMATCH;
3635 		goto out;
3636 	}
3637 	/* success */
3638 	r = 0;
3639 	if (kp != NULL) {
3640 		*kp = k;
3641 		k = NULL;
3642 	}
3643  out:
3644 	free(tname);
3645 	free(curve);
3646 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
3647 	BN_clear_free(exponent);
3648 	BN_clear_free(dsa_p);
3649 	BN_clear_free(dsa_q);
3650 	BN_clear_free(dsa_g);
3651 	BN_clear_free(dsa_pub_key);
3652 	BN_clear_free(dsa_priv_key);
3653 	BN_clear_free(rsa_n);
3654 	BN_clear_free(rsa_e);
3655 	BN_clear_free(rsa_d);
3656 	BN_clear_free(rsa_p);
3657 	BN_clear_free(rsa_q);
3658 	BN_clear_free(rsa_iqmp);
3659 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
3660 	sshkey_free(k);
3661 	freezero(ed25519_pk, pklen);
3662 	freezero(ed25519_sk, sklen);
3663 	free(xmss_name);
3664 	freezero(xmss_pk, pklen);
3665 	freezero(xmss_sk, sklen);
3666 	free(expect_sk_application);
3667 	free(expect_ed25519_pk);
3668 	return r;
3669 }
3670 
3671 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
3672 int
3673 sshkey_ec_validate_public(const EC_GROUP *group, const EC_POINT *public)
3674 {
3675 	EC_POINT *nq = NULL;
3676 	BIGNUM *order = NULL, *x = NULL, *y = NULL, *tmp = NULL;
3677 	int ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_INVALID_EC_VALUE;
3678 
3679 	/*
3680 	 * NB. This assumes OpenSSL has already verified that the public
3681 	 * point lies on the curve. This is done by EC_POINT_oct2point()
3682 	 * implicitly calling EC_POINT_is_on_curve(). If this code is ever
3683 	 * reachable with public points not unmarshalled using
3684 	 * EC_POINT_oct2point then the caller will need to explicitly check.
3685 	 */
3686 
3687 	/*
3688 	 * We shouldn't ever hit this case because bignum_get_ecpoint()
3689 	 * refuses to load GF2m points.
3690 	 */
3691 	if (EC_METHOD_get_field_type(EC_GROUP_method_of(group)) !=
3692 	    NID_X9_62_prime_field)
3693 		goto out;
3694 
3695 	/* Q != infinity */
3696 	if (EC_POINT_is_at_infinity(group, public))
3697 		goto out;
3698 
3699 	if ((x = BN_new()) == NULL ||
3700 	    (y = BN_new()) == NULL ||
3701 	    (order = BN_new()) == NULL ||
3702 	    (tmp = BN_new()) == NULL) {
3703 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3704 		goto out;
3705 	}
3706 
3707 	/* log2(x) > log2(order)/2, log2(y) > log2(order)/2 */
3708 	if (EC_GROUP_get_order(group, order, NULL) != 1 ||
3709 	    EC_POINT_get_affine_coordinates_GFp(group, public,
3710 	    x, y, NULL) != 1) {
3711 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3712 		goto out;
3713 	}
3714 	if (BN_num_bits(x) <= BN_num_bits(order) / 2 ||
3715 	    BN_num_bits(y) <= BN_num_bits(order) / 2)
3716 		goto out;
3717 
3718 	/* nQ == infinity (n == order of subgroup) */
3719 	if ((nq = EC_POINT_new(group)) == NULL) {
3720 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3721 		goto out;
3722 	}
3723 	if (EC_POINT_mul(group, nq, NULL, public, order, NULL) != 1) {
3724 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3725 		goto out;
3726 	}
3727 	if (EC_POINT_is_at_infinity(group, nq) != 1)
3728 		goto out;
3729 
3730 	/* x < order - 1, y < order - 1 */
3731 	if (!BN_sub(tmp, order, BN_value_one())) {
3732 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3733 		goto out;
3734 	}
3735 	if (BN_cmp(x, tmp) >= 0 || BN_cmp(y, tmp) >= 0)
3736 		goto out;
3737 	ret = 0;
3738  out:
3739 	BN_clear_free(x);
3740 	BN_clear_free(y);
3741 	BN_clear_free(order);
3742 	BN_clear_free(tmp);
3743 	EC_POINT_free(nq);
3744 	return ret;
3745 }
3746 
3747 int
3748 sshkey_ec_validate_private(const EC_KEY *key)
3749 {
3750 	BIGNUM *order = NULL, *tmp = NULL;
3751 	int ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_INVALID_EC_VALUE;
3752 
3753 	if ((order = BN_new()) == NULL || (tmp = BN_new()) == NULL) {
3754 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3755 		goto out;
3756 	}
3757 
3758 	/* log2(private) > log2(order)/2 */
3759 	if (EC_GROUP_get_order(EC_KEY_get0_group(key), order, NULL) != 1) {
3760 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3761 		goto out;
3762 	}
3763 	if (BN_num_bits(EC_KEY_get0_private_key(key)) <=
3764 	    BN_num_bits(order) / 2)
3765 		goto out;
3766 
3767 	/* private < order - 1 */
3768 	if (!BN_sub(tmp, order, BN_value_one())) {
3769 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3770 		goto out;
3771 	}
3772 	if (BN_cmp(EC_KEY_get0_private_key(key), tmp) >= 0)
3773 		goto out;
3774 	ret = 0;
3775  out:
3776 	BN_clear_free(order);
3777 	BN_clear_free(tmp);
3778 	return ret;
3779 }
3780 
3781 void
3782 sshkey_dump_ec_point(const EC_GROUP *group, const EC_POINT *point)
3783 {
3784 	BIGNUM *x = NULL, *y = NULL;
3785 
3786 	if (point == NULL) {
3787 		fputs("point=(NULL)\n", stderr);
3788 		return;
3789 	}
3790 	if ((x = BN_new()) == NULL || (y = BN_new()) == NULL) {
3791 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: BN_new failed\n", __func__);
3792 		goto out;
3793 	}
3794 	if (EC_METHOD_get_field_type(EC_GROUP_method_of(group)) !=
3795 	    NID_X9_62_prime_field) {
3796 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: group is not a prime field\n", __func__);
3797 		goto out;
3798 	}
3799 	if (EC_POINT_get_affine_coordinates_GFp(group, point,
3800 	    x, y, NULL) != 1) {
3801 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: EC_POINT_get_affine_coordinates_GFp\n",
3802 		    __func__);
3803 		goto out;
3804 	}
3805 	fputs("x=", stderr);
3806 	BN_print_fp(stderr, x);
3807 	fputs("\ny=", stderr);
3808 	BN_print_fp(stderr, y);
3809 	fputs("\n", stderr);
3810  out:
3811 	BN_clear_free(x);
3812 	BN_clear_free(y);
3813 }
3814 
3815 void
3816 sshkey_dump_ec_key(const EC_KEY *key)
3817 {
3818 	const BIGNUM *exponent;
3819 
3820 	sshkey_dump_ec_point(EC_KEY_get0_group(key),
3821 	    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(key));
3822 	fputs("exponent=", stderr);
3823 	if ((exponent = EC_KEY_get0_private_key(key)) == NULL)
3824 		fputs("(NULL)", stderr);
3825 	else
3826 		BN_print_fp(stderr, EC_KEY_get0_private_key(key));
3827 	fputs("\n", stderr);
3828 }
3829 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
3830 
3831 static int
3832 sshkey_private_to_blob2(struct sshkey *prv, struct sshbuf *blob,
3833     const char *passphrase, const char *comment, const char *ciphername,
3834     int rounds)
3835 {
3836 	u_char *cp, *key = NULL, *pubkeyblob = NULL;
3837 	u_char salt[SALT_LEN];
3838 	char *b64 = NULL;
3839 	size_t i, pubkeylen, keylen, ivlen, blocksize, authlen;
3840 	u_int check;
3841 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
3842 	struct sshcipher_ctx *ciphercontext = NULL;
3843 	const struct sshcipher *cipher;
3844 	const char *kdfname = KDFNAME;
3845 	struct sshbuf *encoded = NULL, *encrypted = NULL, *kdf = NULL;
3846 
3847 	if (rounds <= 0)
3848 		rounds = DEFAULT_ROUNDS;
3849 	if (passphrase == NULL || !strlen(passphrase)) {
3850 		ciphername = "none";
3851 		kdfname = "none";
3852 	} else if (ciphername == NULL)
3853 		ciphername = DEFAULT_CIPHERNAME;
3854 	if ((cipher = cipher_by_name(ciphername)) == NULL) {
3855 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
3856 		goto out;
3857 	}
3858 
3859 	if ((kdf = sshbuf_new()) == NULL ||
3860 	    (encoded = sshbuf_new()) == NULL ||
3861 	    (encrypted = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
3862 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3863 		goto out;
3864 	}
3865 	blocksize = cipher_blocksize(cipher);
3866 	keylen = cipher_keylen(cipher);
3867 	ivlen = cipher_ivlen(cipher);
3868 	authlen = cipher_authlen(cipher);
3869 	if ((key = calloc(1, keylen + ivlen)) == NULL) {
3870 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3871 		goto out;
3872 	}
3873 	if (strcmp(kdfname, "bcrypt") == 0) {
3874 		arc4random_buf(salt, SALT_LEN);
3875 		if (bcrypt_pbkdf(passphrase, strlen(passphrase),
3876 		    salt, SALT_LEN, key, keylen + ivlen, rounds) < 0) {
3877 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
3878 			goto out;
3879 		}
3880 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_string(kdf, salt, SALT_LEN)) != 0 ||
3881 		    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(kdf, rounds)) != 0)
3882 			goto out;
3883 	} else if (strcmp(kdfname, "none") != 0) {
3884 		/* Unsupported KDF type */
3885 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_UNKNOWN_CIPHER;
3886 		goto out;
3887 	}
3888 	if ((r = cipher_init(&ciphercontext, cipher, key, keylen,
3889 	    key + keylen, ivlen, 1)) != 0)
3890 		goto out;
3891 
3892 	if ((r = sshbuf_put(encoded, AUTH_MAGIC, sizeof(AUTH_MAGIC))) != 0 ||
3893 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(encoded, ciphername)) != 0 ||
3894 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(encoded, kdfname)) != 0 ||
3895 	    (r = sshbuf_put_stringb(encoded, kdf)) != 0 ||
3896 	    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(encoded, 1)) != 0 ||	/* number of keys */
3897 	    (r = sshkey_to_blob(prv, &pubkeyblob, &pubkeylen)) != 0 ||
3898 	    (r = sshbuf_put_string(encoded, pubkeyblob, pubkeylen)) != 0)
3899 		goto out;
3900 
3901 	/* set up the buffer that will be encrypted */
3902 
3903 	/* Random check bytes */
3904 	check = arc4random();
3905 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u32(encrypted, check)) != 0 ||
3906 	    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(encrypted, check)) != 0)
3907 		goto out;
3908 
3909 	/* append private key and comment*/
3910 	if ((r = sshkey_private_serialize_opt(prv, encrypted,
3911 	    SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_FULL)) != 0 ||
3912 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(encrypted, comment)) != 0)
3913 		goto out;
3914 
3915 	/* padding */
3916 	i = 0;
3917 	while (sshbuf_len(encrypted) % blocksize) {
3918 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(encrypted, ++i & 0xff)) != 0)
3919 			goto out;
3920 	}
3921 
3922 	/* length in destination buffer */
3923 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u32(encoded, sshbuf_len(encrypted))) != 0)
3924 		goto out;
3925 
3926 	/* encrypt */
3927 	if ((r = sshbuf_reserve(encoded,
3928 	    sshbuf_len(encrypted) + authlen, &cp)) != 0)
3929 		goto out;
3930 	if ((r = cipher_crypt(ciphercontext, 0, cp,
3931 	    sshbuf_ptr(encrypted), sshbuf_len(encrypted), 0, authlen)) != 0)
3932 		goto out;
3933 
3934 	sshbuf_reset(blob);
3935 
3936 	/* assemble uuencoded key */
3937 	if ((r = sshbuf_put(blob, MARK_BEGIN, MARK_BEGIN_LEN)) != 0 ||
3938 	    (r = sshbuf_dtob64(encoded, blob, 1)) != 0 ||
3939 	    (r = sshbuf_put(blob, MARK_END, MARK_END_LEN)) != 0)
3940 		goto out;
3941 
3942 	/* success */
3943 	r = 0;
3944 
3945  out:
3946 	sshbuf_free(kdf);
3947 	sshbuf_free(encoded);
3948 	sshbuf_free(encrypted);
3949 	cipher_free(ciphercontext);
3950 	explicit_bzero(salt, sizeof(salt));
3951 	if (key != NULL)
3952 		freezero(key, keylen + ivlen);
3953 	if (pubkeyblob != NULL)
3954 		freezero(pubkeyblob, pubkeylen);
3955 	if (b64 != NULL)
3956 		freezero(b64, strlen(b64));
3957 	return r;
3958 }
3959 
3960 static int
3961 private2_uudecode(struct sshbuf *blob, struct sshbuf **decodedp)
3962 {
3963 	const u_char *cp;
3964 	size_t encoded_len;
3965 	int r;
3966 	u_char last;
3967 	struct sshbuf *encoded = NULL, *decoded = NULL;
3968 
3969 	if (blob == NULL || decodedp == NULL)
3970 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
3971 
3972 	*decodedp = NULL;
3973 
3974 	if ((encoded = sshbuf_new()) == NULL ||
3975 	    (decoded = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
3976 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3977 		goto out;
3978 	}
3979 
3980 	/* check preamble */
3981 	cp = sshbuf_ptr(blob);
3982 	encoded_len = sshbuf_len(blob);
3983 	if (encoded_len < (MARK_BEGIN_LEN + MARK_END_LEN) ||
3984 	    memcmp(cp, MARK_BEGIN, MARK_BEGIN_LEN) != 0) {
3985 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3986 		goto out;
3987 	}
3988 	cp += MARK_BEGIN_LEN;
3989 	encoded_len -= MARK_BEGIN_LEN;
3990 
3991 	/* Look for end marker, removing whitespace as we go */
3992 	while (encoded_len > 0) {
3993 		if (*cp != '\n' && *cp != '\r') {
3994 			if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(encoded, *cp)) != 0)
3995 				goto out;
3996 		}
3997 		last = *cp;
3998 		encoded_len--;
3999 		cp++;
4000 		if (last == '\n') {
4001 			if (encoded_len >= MARK_END_LEN &&
4002 			    memcmp(cp, MARK_END, MARK_END_LEN) == 0) {
4003 				/* \0 terminate */
4004 				if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(encoded, 0)) != 0)
4005 					goto out;
4006 				break;
4007 			}
4008 		}
4009 	}
4010 	if (encoded_len == 0) {
4011 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
4012 		goto out;
4013 	}
4014 
4015 	/* decode base64 */
4016 	if ((r = sshbuf_b64tod(decoded, (const char *)sshbuf_ptr(encoded))) != 0)
4017 		goto out;
4018 
4019 	/* check magic */
4020 	if (sshbuf_len(decoded) < sizeof(AUTH_MAGIC) ||
4021 	    memcmp(sshbuf_ptr(decoded), AUTH_MAGIC, sizeof(AUTH_MAGIC))) {
4022 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
4023 		goto out;
4024 	}
4025 	/* success */
4026 	*decodedp = decoded;
4027 	decoded = NULL;
4028 	r = 0;
4029  out:
4030 	sshbuf_free(encoded);
4031 	sshbuf_free(decoded);
4032 	return r;
4033 }
4034 
4035 static int
4036 private2_decrypt(struct sshbuf *decoded, const char *passphrase,
4037     struct sshbuf **decryptedp, struct sshkey **pubkeyp)
4038 {
4039 	char *ciphername = NULL, *kdfname = NULL;
4040 	const struct sshcipher *cipher = NULL;
4041 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
4042 	size_t keylen = 0, ivlen = 0, authlen = 0, slen = 0;
4043 	struct sshbuf *kdf = NULL, *decrypted = NULL;
4044 	struct sshcipher_ctx *ciphercontext = NULL;
4045 	struct sshkey *pubkey = NULL;
4046 	u_char *key = NULL, *salt = NULL, *dp;
4047 	u_int blocksize, rounds, nkeys, encrypted_len, check1, check2;
4048 
4049 	if (decoded == NULL || decryptedp == NULL || pubkeyp == NULL)
4050 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
4051 
4052 	*decryptedp = NULL;
4053 	*pubkeyp = NULL;
4054 
4055 	if ((decrypted = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
4056 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
4057 		goto out;
4058 	}
4059 
4060 	/* parse public portion of key */
4061 	if ((r = sshbuf_consume(decoded, sizeof(AUTH_MAGIC))) != 0 ||
4062 	    (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(decoded, &ciphername, NULL)) != 0 ||
4063 	    (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(decoded, &kdfname, NULL)) != 0 ||
4064 	    (r = sshbuf_froms(decoded, &kdf)) != 0 ||
4065 	    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(decoded, &nkeys)) != 0)
4066 		goto out;
4067 
4068 	if (nkeys != 1) {
4069 		/* XXX only one key supported at present */
4070 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
4071 		goto out;
4072 	}
4073 
4074 	if ((r = sshkey_froms(decoded, &pubkey)) != 0 ||
4075 	    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(decoded, &encrypted_len)) != 0)
4076 		goto out;
4077 
4078 	if ((cipher = cipher_by_name(ciphername)) == NULL) {
4079 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_UNKNOWN_CIPHER;
4080 		goto out;
4081 	}
4082 	if (strcmp(kdfname, "none") != 0 && strcmp(kdfname, "bcrypt") != 0) {
4083 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_UNKNOWN_CIPHER;
4084 		goto out;
4085 	}
4086 	if (strcmp(kdfname, "none") == 0 && strcmp(ciphername, "none") != 0) {
4087 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
4088 		goto out;
4089 	}
4090 	if ((passphrase == NULL || strlen(passphrase) == 0) &&
4091 	    strcmp(kdfname, "none") != 0) {
4092 		/* passphrase required */
4093 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE;
4094 		goto out;
4095 	}
4096 
4097 	/* check size of encrypted key blob */
4098 	blocksize = cipher_blocksize(cipher);
4099 	if (encrypted_len < blocksize || (encrypted_len % blocksize) != 0) {
4100 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
4101 		goto out;
4102 	}
4103 
4104 	/* setup key */
4105 	keylen = cipher_keylen(cipher);
4106 	ivlen = cipher_ivlen(cipher);
4107 	authlen = cipher_authlen(cipher);
4108 	if ((key = calloc(1, keylen + ivlen)) == NULL) {
4109 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
4110 		goto out;
4111 	}
4112 	if (strcmp(kdfname, "bcrypt") == 0) {
4113 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_string(kdf, &salt, &slen)) != 0 ||
4114 		    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(kdf, &rounds)) != 0)
4115 			goto out;
4116 		if (bcrypt_pbkdf(passphrase, strlen(passphrase), salt, slen,
4117 		    key, keylen + ivlen, rounds) < 0) {
4118 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
4119 			goto out;
4120 		}
4121 	}
4122 
4123 	/* check that an appropriate amount of auth data is present */
4124 	if (sshbuf_len(decoded) < authlen ||
4125 	    sshbuf_len(decoded) - authlen < encrypted_len) {
4126 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
4127 		goto out;
4128 	}
4129 
4130 	/* decrypt private portion of key */
4131 	if ((r = sshbuf_reserve(decrypted, encrypted_len, &dp)) != 0 ||
4132 	    (r = cipher_init(&ciphercontext, cipher, key, keylen,
4133 	    key + keylen, ivlen, 0)) != 0)
4134 		goto out;
4135 	if ((r = cipher_crypt(ciphercontext, 0, dp, sshbuf_ptr(decoded),
4136 	    encrypted_len, 0, authlen)) != 0) {
4137 		/* an integrity error here indicates an incorrect passphrase */
4138 		if (r == SSH_ERR_MAC_INVALID)
4139 			r = SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE;
4140 		goto out;
4141 	}
4142 	if ((r = sshbuf_consume(decoded, encrypted_len + authlen)) != 0)
4143 		goto out;
4144 	/* there should be no trailing data */
4145 	if (sshbuf_len(decoded) != 0) {
4146 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
4147 		goto out;
4148 	}
4149 
4150 	/* check check bytes */
4151 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(decrypted, &check1)) != 0 ||
4152 	    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(decrypted, &check2)) != 0)
4153 		goto out;
4154 	if (check1 != check2) {
4155 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE;
4156 		goto out;
4157 	}
4158 	/* success */
4159 	*decryptedp = decrypted;
4160 	decrypted = NULL;
4161 	*pubkeyp = pubkey;
4162 	pubkey = NULL;
4163 	r = 0;
4164  out:
4165 	cipher_free(ciphercontext);
4166 	free(ciphername);
4167 	free(kdfname);
4168 	sshkey_free(pubkey);
4169 	if (salt != NULL) {
4170 		explicit_bzero(salt, slen);
4171 		free(salt);
4172 	}
4173 	if (key != NULL) {
4174 		explicit_bzero(key, keylen + ivlen);
4175 		free(key);
4176 	}
4177 	sshbuf_free(kdf);
4178 	sshbuf_free(decrypted);
4179 	return r;
4180 }
4181 
4182 /* Check deterministic padding after private key */
4183 static int
4184 private2_check_padding(struct sshbuf *decrypted)
4185 {
4186 	u_char pad;
4187 	size_t i;
4188 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
4189 
4190 	i = 0;
4191 	while (sshbuf_len(decrypted)) {
4192 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(decrypted, &pad)) != 0)
4193 			goto out;
4194 		if (pad != (++i & 0xff)) {
4195 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
4196 			goto out;
4197 		}
4198 	}
4199 	/* success */
4200 	r = 0;
4201  out:
4202 	explicit_bzero(&pad, sizeof(pad));
4203 	explicit_bzero(&i, sizeof(i));
4204 	return r;
4205 }
4206 
4207 static int
4208 sshkey_parse_private2(struct sshbuf *blob, int type, const char *passphrase,
4209     struct sshkey **keyp, char **commentp)
4210 {
4211 	char *comment = NULL;
4212 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
4213 	struct sshbuf *decoded = NULL, *decrypted = NULL;
4214 	struct sshkey *k = NULL, *pubkey = NULL;
4215 
4216 	if (keyp != NULL)
4217 		*keyp = NULL;
4218 	if (commentp != NULL)
4219 		*commentp = NULL;
4220 
4221 	/* Undo base64 encoding and decrypt the private section */
4222 	if ((r = private2_uudecode(blob, &decoded)) != 0 ||
4223 	    (r = private2_decrypt(decoded, passphrase,
4224 	    &decrypted, &pubkey)) != 0)
4225 		goto out;
4226 
4227 	if (type != KEY_UNSPEC &&
4228 	    sshkey_type_plain(type) != sshkey_type_plain(pubkey->type)) {
4229 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_MISMATCH;
4230 		goto out;
4231 	}
4232 
4233 	/* Load the private key and comment */
4234 	if ((r = sshkey_private_deserialize(decrypted, &k)) != 0 ||
4235 	    (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(decrypted, &comment, NULL)) != 0)
4236 		goto out;
4237 
4238 	/* Check deterministic padding after private section */
4239 	if ((r = private2_check_padding(decrypted)) != 0)
4240 		goto out;
4241 
4242 	/* Check that the public key in the envelope matches the private key */
4243 	if (!sshkey_equal(pubkey, k)) {
4244 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
4245 		goto out;
4246 	}
4247 
4248 	/* success */
4249 	r = 0;
4250 	if (keyp != NULL) {
4251 		*keyp = k;
4252 		k = NULL;
4253 	}
4254 	if (commentp != NULL) {
4255 		*commentp = comment;
4256 		comment = NULL;
4257 	}
4258  out:
4259 	free(comment);
4260 	sshbuf_free(decoded);
4261 	sshbuf_free(decrypted);
4262 	sshkey_free(k);
4263 	sshkey_free(pubkey);
4264 	return r;
4265 }
4266 
4267 static int
4268 sshkey_parse_private2_pubkey(struct sshbuf *blob, int type,
4269     struct sshkey **keyp)
4270 {
4271 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
4272 	struct sshbuf *decoded = NULL;
4273 	struct sshkey *pubkey = NULL;
4274 	u_int nkeys = 0;
4275 
4276 	if (keyp != NULL)
4277 		*keyp = NULL;
4278 
4279 	if ((r = private2_uudecode(blob, &decoded)) != 0)
4280 		goto out;
4281 	/* parse public key from unencrypted envelope */
4282 	if ((r = sshbuf_consume(decoded, sizeof(AUTH_MAGIC))) != 0 ||
4283 	    (r = sshbuf_skip_string(decoded)) != 0 || /* cipher */
4284 	    (r = sshbuf_skip_string(decoded)) != 0 || /* KDF alg */
4285 	    (r = sshbuf_skip_string(decoded)) != 0 || /* KDF hint */
4286 	    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(decoded, &nkeys)) != 0)
4287 		goto out;
4288 
4289 	if (nkeys != 1) {
4290 		/* XXX only one key supported at present */
4291 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
4292 		goto out;
4293 	}
4294 
4295 	/* Parse the public key */
4296 	if ((r = sshkey_froms(decoded, &pubkey)) != 0)
4297 		goto out;
4298 
4299 	if (type != KEY_UNSPEC &&
4300 	    sshkey_type_plain(type) != sshkey_type_plain(pubkey->type)) {
4301 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_MISMATCH;
4302 		goto out;
4303 	}
4304 
4305 	/* success */
4306 	r = 0;
4307 	if (keyp != NULL) {
4308 		*keyp = pubkey;
4309 		pubkey = NULL;
4310 	}
4311  out:
4312 	sshbuf_free(decoded);
4313 	sshkey_free(pubkey);
4314 	return r;
4315 }
4316 
4317 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
4318 /* convert SSH v2 key to PEM or PKCS#8 format */
4319 static int
4320 sshkey_private_to_blob_pem_pkcs8(struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *buf,
4321     int format, const char *_passphrase, const char *comment)
4322 {
4323 	int was_shielded = sshkey_is_shielded(key);
4324 	int success, r;
4325 	int blen, len = strlen(_passphrase);
4326 	u_char *passphrase = (len > 0) ? __UNCONST(_passphrase) : NULL;
4327 	const EVP_CIPHER *cipher = (len > 0) ? EVP_aes_128_cbc() : NULL;
4328 	char *bptr;
4329 	BIO *bio = NULL;
4330 	struct sshbuf *blob;
4331 	EVP_PKEY *pkey = NULL;
4332 
4333 	if (len > 0 && len <= 4)
4334 		return SSH_ERR_PASSPHRASE_TOO_SHORT;
4335 	if ((blob = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
4336 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
4337 	if ((bio = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem())) == NULL) {
4338 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
4339 		goto out;
4340 	}
4341 	if (format == SSHKEY_PRIVATE_PKCS8 && (pkey = EVP_PKEY_new()) == NULL) {
4342 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
4343 		goto out;
4344 	}
4345 	if ((r = sshkey_unshield_private(key)) != 0)
4346 		goto out;
4347 
4348 	switch (key->type) {
4349 	case KEY_DSA:
4350 		if (format == SSHKEY_PRIVATE_PEM) {
4351 			success = PEM_write_bio_DSAPrivateKey(bio, key->dsa,
4352 			    cipher, passphrase, len, NULL, NULL);
4353 		} else {
4354 			success = EVP_PKEY_set1_DSA(pkey, key->dsa);
4355 		}
4356 		break;
4357 	case KEY_ECDSA:
4358 		if (format == SSHKEY_PRIVATE_PEM) {
4359 			success = PEM_write_bio_ECPrivateKey(bio, key->ecdsa,
4360 			    cipher, passphrase, len, NULL, NULL);
4361 		} else {
4362 			success = EVP_PKEY_set1_EC_KEY(pkey, key->ecdsa);
4363 		}
4364 		break;
4365 	case KEY_RSA:
4366 		if (format == SSHKEY_PRIVATE_PEM) {
4367 			success = PEM_write_bio_RSAPrivateKey(bio, key->rsa,
4368 			    cipher, passphrase, len, NULL, NULL);
4369 		} else {
4370 			success = EVP_PKEY_set1_RSA(pkey, key->rsa);
4371 		}
4372 		break;
4373 	default:
4374 		success = 0;
4375 		break;
4376 	}
4377 	if (success == 0) {
4378 		r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
4379 		goto out;
4380 	}
4381 	if (format == SSHKEY_PRIVATE_PKCS8) {
4382 		if ((success = PEM_write_bio_PrivateKey(bio, pkey, cipher,
4383 		    passphrase, len, NULL, NULL)) == 0) {
4384 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
4385 			goto out;
4386 		}
4387 	}
4388 	if ((blen = BIO_get_mem_data(bio, &bptr)) <= 0) {
4389 		r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
4390 		goto out;
4391 	}
4392 	if ((r = sshbuf_put(blob, bptr, blen)) != 0)
4393 		goto out;
4394 	r = 0;
4395  out:
4396 	if (was_shielded)
4397 		r = sshkey_shield_private(key);
4398 	if (r == 0)
4399 		r = sshbuf_putb(buf, blob);
4400 
4401 	EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
4402 	sshbuf_free(blob);
4403 	BIO_free(bio);
4404 	return r;
4405 }
4406 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
4407 
4408 /* Serialise "key" to buffer "blob" */
4409 int
4410 sshkey_private_to_fileblob(struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *blob,
4411     const char *passphrase, const char *comment,
4412     int format, const char *openssh_format_cipher, int openssh_format_rounds)
4413 {
4414 	switch (key->type) {
4415 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
4416 	case KEY_DSA:
4417 	case KEY_ECDSA:
4418 	case KEY_RSA:
4419 		break; /* see below */
4420 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
4421 	case KEY_ED25519:
4422 	case KEY_ED25519_SK:
4423 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
4424 	case KEY_XMSS:
4425 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
4426 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
4427 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
4428 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
4429 		return sshkey_private_to_blob2(key, blob, passphrase,
4430 		    comment, openssh_format_cipher, openssh_format_rounds);
4431 	default:
4432 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
4433 	}
4434 
4435 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
4436 	switch (format) {
4437 	case SSHKEY_PRIVATE_OPENSSH:
4438 		return sshkey_private_to_blob2(key, blob, passphrase,
4439 		    comment, openssh_format_cipher, openssh_format_rounds);
4440 	case SSHKEY_PRIVATE_PEM:
4441 	case SSHKEY_PRIVATE_PKCS8:
4442 		return sshkey_private_to_blob_pem_pkcs8(key, blob,
4443 		    format, passphrase, comment);
4444 	default:
4445 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
4446 	}
4447 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
4448 }
4449 
4450 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
4451 static int
4452 translate_libcrypto_error(unsigned long pem_err)
4453 {
4454 	int pem_reason = ERR_GET_REASON(pem_err);
4455 
4456 	switch (ERR_GET_LIB(pem_err)) {
4457 	case ERR_LIB_PEM:
4458 		switch (pem_reason) {
4459 		case PEM_R_BAD_PASSWORD_READ:
4460 		case PEM_R_PROBLEMS_GETTING_PASSWORD:
4461 		case PEM_R_BAD_DECRYPT:
4462 			return SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE;
4463 		default:
4464 			return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
4465 		}
4466 	case ERR_LIB_EVP:
4467 		switch (pem_reason) {
4468 		case EVP_R_BAD_DECRYPT:
4469 			return SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE;
4470 #ifdef EVP_R_BN_DECODE_ERROR
4471 		case EVP_R_BN_DECODE_ERROR:
4472 #endif
4473 		case EVP_R_DECODE_ERROR:
4474 #ifdef EVP_R_PRIVATE_KEY_DECODE_ERROR
4475 		case EVP_R_PRIVATE_KEY_DECODE_ERROR:
4476 #endif
4477 			return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
4478 		default:
4479 			return SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
4480 		}
4481 	case ERR_LIB_ASN1:
4482 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
4483 	}
4484 	return SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
4485 }
4486 
4487 static void
4488 clear_libcrypto_errors(void)
4489 {
4490 	while (ERR_get_error() != 0)
4491 		;
4492 }
4493 
4494 /*
4495  * Translate OpenSSL error codes to determine whether
4496  * passphrase is required/incorrect.
4497  */
4498 static int
4499 convert_libcrypto_error(void)
4500 {
4501 	/*
4502 	 * Some password errors are reported at the beginning
4503 	 * of the error queue.
4504 	 */
4505 	if (translate_libcrypto_error(ERR_peek_error()) ==
4506 	    SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE)
4507 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE;
4508 	return translate_libcrypto_error(ERR_peek_last_error());
4509 }
4510 
4511 #if 0
4512 static int
4513 pem_passphrase_cb(char *buf, int size, int rwflag, void *u)
4514 {
4515 	char *p = (char *)u;
4516 	size_t len;
4517 
4518 	if (p == NULL || (len = strlen(p)) == 0)
4519 		return -1;
4520 	if (size < 0 || len > (size_t)size)
4521 		return -1;
4522 	memcpy(buf, p, len);
4523 	return (int)len;
4524 }
4525 #endif
4526 
4527 static int
4528 sshkey_parse_private_pem_fileblob(struct sshbuf *blob, int type,
4529     const char *passphrase, struct sshkey **keyp)
4530 {
4531 	EVP_PKEY *pk = NULL;
4532 	struct sshkey *prv = NULL;
4533 	BIO *bio = NULL;
4534 	int r;
4535 
4536 	if (keyp != NULL)
4537 		*keyp = NULL;
4538 
4539 	if ((bio = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem())) == NULL || sshbuf_len(blob) > INT_MAX)
4540 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
4541 	if (BIO_write(bio, sshbuf_ptr(blob), sshbuf_len(blob)) !=
4542 	    (int)sshbuf_len(blob)) {
4543 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
4544 		goto out;
4545 	}
4546 
4547 	clear_libcrypto_errors();
4548 	if ((pk = PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey(bio, NULL, NULL,
4549 	    __UNCONST(passphrase))) == NULL) {
4550 		/*
4551 		 * libcrypto may return various ASN.1 errors when attempting
4552 		 * to parse a key with an incorrect passphrase.
4553 		 * Treat all format errors as "incorrect passphrase" if a
4554 		 * passphrase was supplied.
4555 		 */
4556 		if (passphrase != NULL && *passphrase != '\0')
4557 			r = SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE;
4558 		else
4559 			r = convert_libcrypto_error();
4560 		goto out;
4561 	}
4562 	if (EVP_PKEY_base_id(pk) == EVP_PKEY_RSA &&
4563 	    (type == KEY_UNSPEC || type == KEY_RSA)) {
4564 		if ((prv = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL) {
4565 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
4566 			goto out;
4567 		}
4568 		prv->rsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_RSA(pk);
4569 		prv->type = KEY_RSA;
4570 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
4571 		RSA_print_fp(stderr, prv->rsa, 8);
4572 #endif
4573 		if (RSA_blinding_on(prv->rsa, NULL) != 1) {
4574 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
4575 			goto out;
4576 		}
4577 		if ((r = check_rsa_length(prv->rsa)) != 0)
4578 			goto out;
4579 	} else if (EVP_PKEY_base_id(pk) == EVP_PKEY_DSA &&
4580 	    (type == KEY_UNSPEC || type == KEY_DSA)) {
4581 		if ((prv = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL) {
4582 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
4583 			goto out;
4584 		}
4585 		prv->dsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_DSA(pk);
4586 		prv->type = KEY_DSA;
4587 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
4588 		DSA_print_fp(stderr, prv->dsa, 8);
4589 #endif
4590 	} else if (EVP_PKEY_base_id(pk) == EVP_PKEY_EC &&
4591 	    (type == KEY_UNSPEC || type == KEY_ECDSA)) {
4592 		if ((prv = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL) {
4593 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
4594 			goto out;
4595 		}
4596 		prv->ecdsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_EC_KEY(pk);
4597 		prv->type = KEY_ECDSA;
4598 		prv->ecdsa_nid = sshkey_ecdsa_key_to_nid(prv->ecdsa);
4599 		if (prv->ecdsa_nid == -1 ||
4600 		    sshkey_curve_nid_to_name(prv->ecdsa_nid) == NULL ||
4601 		    sshkey_ec_validate_public(EC_KEY_get0_group(prv->ecdsa),
4602 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(prv->ecdsa)) != 0 ||
4603 		    sshkey_ec_validate_private(prv->ecdsa) != 0) {
4604 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
4605 			goto out;
4606 		}
4607 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
4608 		if (prv != NULL && prv->ecdsa != NULL)
4609 			sshkey_dump_ec_key(prv->ecdsa);
4610 #endif
4611 	} else {
4612 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
4613 		goto out;
4614 	}
4615 	r = 0;
4616 	if (keyp != NULL) {
4617 		*keyp = prv;
4618 		prv = NULL;
4619 	}
4620  out:
4621 	BIO_free(bio);
4622 	EVP_PKEY_free(pk);
4623 	sshkey_free(prv);
4624 	return r;
4625 }
4626 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
4627 
4628 int
4629 sshkey_parse_private_fileblob_type(struct sshbuf *blob, int type,
4630     const char *passphrase, struct sshkey **keyp, char **commentp)
4631 {
4632 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
4633 
4634 	if (keyp != NULL)
4635 		*keyp = NULL;
4636 	if (commentp != NULL)
4637 		*commentp = NULL;
4638 
4639 	switch (type) {
4640 	case KEY_ED25519:
4641 	case KEY_XMSS:
4642 		/* No fallback for new-format-only keys */
4643 		return sshkey_parse_private2(blob, type, passphrase,
4644 		    keyp, commentp);
4645 	default:
4646 		r = sshkey_parse_private2(blob, type, passphrase, keyp,
4647 		    commentp);
4648 		/* Only fallback to PEM parser if a format error occurred. */
4649 		if (r != SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT)
4650 			return r;
4651 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
4652 		return sshkey_parse_private_pem_fileblob(blob, type,
4653 		    passphrase, keyp);
4654 #else
4655 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
4656 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
4657 	}
4658 }
4659 
4660 int
4661 sshkey_parse_private_fileblob(struct sshbuf *buffer, const char *passphrase,
4662     struct sshkey **keyp, char **commentp)
4663 {
4664 	if (keyp != NULL)
4665 		*keyp = NULL;
4666 	if (commentp != NULL)
4667 		*commentp = NULL;
4668 
4669 	return sshkey_parse_private_fileblob_type(buffer, KEY_UNSPEC,
4670 	    passphrase, keyp, commentp);
4671 }
4672 
4673 void
4674 sshkey_sig_details_free(struct sshkey_sig_details *details)
4675 {
4676 	freezero(details, sizeof(*details));
4677 }
4678 
4679 int
4680 sshkey_parse_pubkey_from_private_fileblob_type(struct sshbuf *blob, int type,
4681     struct sshkey **pubkeyp)
4682 {
4683 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
4684 
4685 	if (pubkeyp != NULL)
4686 		*pubkeyp = NULL;
4687 	/* only new-format private keys bundle a public key inside */
4688 	if ((r = sshkey_parse_private2_pubkey(blob, type, pubkeyp)) != 0)
4689 		return r;
4690 	return 0;
4691 }
4692 
4693 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
4694 /*
4695  * serialize the key with the current state and forward the state
4696  * maxsign times.
4697  */
4698 int
4699 sshkey_private_serialize_maxsign(struct sshkey *k, struct sshbuf *b,
4700     u_int32_t maxsign, int printerror)
4701 {
4702 	int r, rupdate;
4703 
4704 	if (maxsign == 0 ||
4705 	    sshkey_type_plain(k->type) != KEY_XMSS)
4706 		return sshkey_private_serialize_opt(k, b,
4707 		    SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_DEFAULT);
4708 	if ((r = sshkey_xmss_get_state(k, printerror)) != 0 ||
4709 	    (r = sshkey_private_serialize_opt(k, b,
4710 	    SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_STATE)) != 0 ||
4711 	    (r = sshkey_xmss_forward_state(k, maxsign)) != 0)
4712 		goto out;
4713 	r = 0;
4714 out:
4715 	if ((rupdate = sshkey_xmss_update_state(k, printerror)) != 0) {
4716 		if (r == 0)
4717 			r = rupdate;
4718 	}
4719 	return r;
4720 }
4721 
4722 u_int32_t
4723 sshkey_signatures_left(const struct sshkey *k)
4724 {
4725 	if (sshkey_type_plain(k->type) == KEY_XMSS)
4726 		return sshkey_xmss_signatures_left(k);
4727 	return 0;
4728 }
4729 
4730 int
4731 sshkey_enable_maxsign(struct sshkey *k, u_int32_t maxsign)
4732 {
4733 	if (sshkey_type_plain(k->type) != KEY_XMSS)
4734 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
4735 	return sshkey_xmss_enable_maxsign(k, maxsign);
4736 }
4737 
4738 int
4739 sshkey_set_filename(struct sshkey *k, const char *filename)
4740 {
4741 	if (k == NULL)
4742 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
4743 	if (sshkey_type_plain(k->type) != KEY_XMSS)
4744 		return 0;
4745 	if (filename == NULL)
4746 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
4747 	if ((k->xmss_filename = strdup(filename)) == NULL)
4748 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
4749 	return 0;
4750 }
4751 #else
4752 int
4753 sshkey_private_serialize_maxsign(struct sshkey *k, struct sshbuf *b,
4754     u_int32_t maxsign, int printerror)
4755 {
4756 	return sshkey_private_serialize_opt(k, b, SSHKEY_SERIALIZE_DEFAULT);
4757 }
4758 
4759 u_int32_t
4760 sshkey_signatures_left(const struct sshkey *k)
4761 {
4762 	return 0;
4763 }
4764 
4765 int
4766 sshkey_enable_maxsign(struct sshkey *k, u_int32_t maxsign)
4767 {
4768 	return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
4769 }
4770 
4771 int
4772 sshkey_set_filename(struct sshkey *k, const char *filename)
4773 {
4774 	if (k == NULL)
4775 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
4776 	return 0;
4777 }
4778 #endif /* WITH_XMSS */
4779