xref: /netbsd-src/crypto/external/bsd/openssh/dist/ssh-rsa.c (revision 5101d403135608e4343a9f7948cea8b048c93bfb)
1 /*	$NetBSD: ssh-rsa.c,v 1.10 2016/08/02 13:45:12 christos Exp $	*/
2 /* $OpenBSD: ssh-rsa.c,v 1.59 2016/04/21 06:08:02 djm Exp $ */
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 2000, 2003 Markus Friedl <markus@openbsd.org>
5  *
6  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
7  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
8  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
9  *
10  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
11  * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
12  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
13  * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
14  * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
15  * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
16  * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
17  */
18 
19 #include "includes.h"
20 __RCSID("$NetBSD: ssh-rsa.c,v 1.10 2016/08/02 13:45:12 christos Exp $");
21 #include <sys/types.h>
22 
23 #include <openssl/evp.h>
24 #include <openssl/err.h>
25 
26 #include <string.h>
27 
28 #include "sshbuf.h"
29 #include "compat.h"
30 #include "ssherr.h"
31 #define SSHKEY_INTERNAL
32 #include "sshkey.h"
33 #include "digest.h"
34 
35 static int openssh_RSA_verify(int, u_char *, size_t, u_char *, size_t, RSA *);
36 
37 static const char *
38 rsa_hash_alg_ident(int hash_alg)
39 {
40 	switch (hash_alg) {
41 	case SSH_DIGEST_SHA1:
42 		return "ssh-rsa";
43 	case SSH_DIGEST_SHA256:
44 		return "rsa-sha2-256";
45 	case SSH_DIGEST_SHA512:
46 		return "rsa-sha2-512";
47 	}
48 	return NULL;
49 }
50 
51 static int
52 rsa_hash_alg_from_ident(const char *ident)
53 {
54 	if (strcmp(ident, "ssh-rsa") == 0)
55 		return SSH_DIGEST_SHA1;
56 	if (strcmp(ident, "rsa-sha2-256") == 0)
57 		return SSH_DIGEST_SHA256;
58 	if (strcmp(ident, "rsa-sha2-512") == 0)
59 		return SSH_DIGEST_SHA512;
60 	return -1;
61 }
62 
63 static int
64 rsa_hash_alg_nid(int type)
65 {
66 	switch (type) {
67 	case SSH_DIGEST_SHA1:
68 		return NID_sha1;
69 	case SSH_DIGEST_SHA256:
70 		return NID_sha256;
71 	case SSH_DIGEST_SHA512:
72 		return NID_sha512;
73 	default:
74 		return -1;
75 	}
76 }
77 
78 /* RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5 (PKCS #1 v2.0 signature) with SHA1 */
79 int
80 ssh_rsa_sign(const struct sshkey *key, u_char **sigp, size_t *lenp,
81     const u_char *data, size_t datalen, const char *alg_ident)
82 {
83 	u_char digest[SSH_DIGEST_MAX_LENGTH], *sig = NULL;
84 	size_t slen;
85 	u_int dlen, len;
86 	int nid, hash_alg, ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
87 	struct sshbuf *b = NULL;
88 
89 	if (lenp != NULL)
90 		*lenp = 0;
91 	if (sigp != NULL)
92 		*sigp = NULL;
93 
94 	if (alg_ident == NULL || strlen(alg_ident) == 0 ||
95 	    strncmp(alg_ident, "ssh-rsa-cert", strlen("ssh-rsa-cert")) == 0)
96 		hash_alg = SSH_DIGEST_SHA1;
97 	else
98 		hash_alg = rsa_hash_alg_from_ident(alg_ident);
99 	if (key == NULL || key->rsa == NULL || hash_alg == -1 ||
100 	    sshkey_type_plain(key->type) != KEY_RSA ||
101 	    BN_num_bits(key->rsa->n) < SSH_RSA_MINIMUM_MODULUS_SIZE)
102 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
103 	slen = RSA_size(key->rsa);
104 	if (slen <= 0 || slen > SSHBUF_MAX_BIGNUM)
105 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
106 
107 	/* hash the data */
108 	nid = rsa_hash_alg_nid(hash_alg);
109 	if ((dlen = ssh_digest_bytes(hash_alg)) == 0)
110 		return SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
111 	if ((ret = ssh_digest_memory(hash_alg, data, datalen,
112 	    digest, sizeof(digest))) != 0)
113 		goto out;
114 
115 	if ((sig = malloc(slen)) == NULL) {
116 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
117 		goto out;
118 	}
119 
120 	if (RSA_sign(nid, digest, dlen, sig, &len, key->rsa) != 1) {
121 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
122 		goto out;
123 	}
124 	if (len < slen) {
125 		size_t diff = slen - len;
126 		memmove(sig + diff, sig, len);
127 		explicit_bzero(sig, diff);
128 	} else if (len > slen) {
129 		ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
130 		goto out;
131 	}
132 	/* encode signature */
133 	if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
134 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
135 		goto out;
136 	}
137 	if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, rsa_hash_alg_ident(hash_alg))) != 0 ||
138 	    (ret = sshbuf_put_string(b, sig, slen)) != 0)
139 		goto out;
140 	len = sshbuf_len(b);
141 	if (sigp != NULL) {
142 		if ((*sigp = malloc(len)) == NULL) {
143 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
144 			goto out;
145 		}
146 		memcpy(*sigp, sshbuf_ptr(b), len);
147 	}
148 	if (lenp != NULL)
149 		*lenp = len;
150 	ret = 0;
151  out:
152 	explicit_bzero(digest, sizeof(digest));
153 	if (sig != NULL) {
154 		explicit_bzero(sig, slen);
155 		free(sig);
156 	}
157 	sshbuf_free(b);
158 	return ret;
159 }
160 
161 int
162 ssh_rsa_verify(const struct sshkey *key,
163     const u_char *sig, size_t siglen, const u_char *data, size_t datalen)
164 {
165 	char *ktype = NULL;
166 	int hash_alg, ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
167 	size_t len, diff, modlen, dlen;
168 	struct sshbuf *b = NULL;
169 	u_char digest[SSH_DIGEST_MAX_LENGTH], *osigblob, *sigblob = NULL;
170 
171 	if (key == NULL || key->rsa == NULL ||
172 	    sshkey_type_plain(key->type) != KEY_RSA ||
173 	    BN_num_bits(key->rsa->n) < SSH_RSA_MINIMUM_MODULUS_SIZE ||
174 	    sig == NULL || siglen == 0)
175 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
176 
177 	if ((b = sshbuf_from(sig, siglen)) == NULL)
178 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
179 	if (sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &ktype, NULL) != 0) {
180 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
181 		goto out;
182 	}
183 	if ((hash_alg = rsa_hash_alg_from_ident(ktype)) == -1) {
184 		ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_MISMATCH;
185 		goto out;
186 	}
187 	if (sshbuf_get_string(b, &sigblob, &len) != 0) {
188 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
189 		goto out;
190 	}
191 	if (sshbuf_len(b) != 0) {
192 		ret = SSH_ERR_UNEXPECTED_TRAILING_DATA;
193 		goto out;
194 	}
195 	/* RSA_verify expects a signature of RSA_size */
196 	modlen = RSA_size(key->rsa);
197 	if (len > modlen) {
198 		ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_BITS_MISMATCH;
199 		goto out;
200 	} else if (len < modlen) {
201 		diff = modlen - len;
202 		osigblob = sigblob;
203 		if ((sigblob = realloc(sigblob, modlen)) == NULL) {
204 			sigblob = osigblob; /* put it back for clear/free */
205 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
206 			goto out;
207 		}
208 		memmove(sigblob + diff, sigblob, len);
209 		explicit_bzero(sigblob, diff);
210 		len = modlen;
211 	}
212 	if ((dlen = ssh_digest_bytes(hash_alg)) == 0) {
213 		ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
214 		goto out;
215 	}
216 	if ((ret = ssh_digest_memory(hash_alg, data, datalen,
217 	    digest, sizeof(digest))) != 0)
218 		goto out;
219 
220 	ret = openssh_RSA_verify(hash_alg, digest, dlen, sigblob, len,
221 	    key->rsa);
222  out:
223 	if (sigblob != NULL) {
224 		explicit_bzero(sigblob, len);
225 		free(sigblob);
226 	}
227 	free(ktype);
228 	sshbuf_free(b);
229 	explicit_bzero(digest, sizeof(digest));
230 	return ret;
231 }
232 
233 /*
234  * See:
235  * http://www.rsasecurity.com/rsalabs/pkcs/pkcs-1/
236  * ftp://ftp.rsasecurity.com/pub/pkcs/pkcs-1/pkcs-1v2-1.asn
237  */
238 
239 /*
240  * id-sha1 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { iso(1) identified-organization(3)
241  *	oiw(14) secsig(3) algorithms(2) 26 }
242  */
243 static const u_char id_sha1[] = {
244 	0x30, 0x21, /* type Sequence, length 0x21 (33) */
245 	0x30, 0x09, /* type Sequence, length 0x09 */
246 	0x06, 0x05, /* type OID, length 0x05 */
247 	0x2b, 0x0e, 0x03, 0x02, 0x1a, /* id-sha1 OID */
248 	0x05, 0x00, /* NULL */
249 	0x04, 0x14  /* Octet string, length 0x14 (20), followed by sha1 hash */
250 };
251 
252 /*
253  * See http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/ST/crypto_apps_infra/csor/algorithms.html
254  * id-sha256 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { joint-iso-itu-t(2) country(16) us(840)
255  *      organization(1) gov(101) csor(3) nistAlgorithm(4) hashAlgs(2)
256  *      id-sha256(1) }
257  */
258 static const u_char id_sha256[] = {
259 	0x30, 0x31, /* type Sequence, length 0x31 (49) */
260 	0x30, 0x0d, /* type Sequence, length 0x0d (13) */
261 	0x06, 0x09, /* type OID, length 0x09 */
262 	0x60, 0x86, 0x48, 0x01, 0x65, 0x03, 0x04, 0x02, 0x01, /* id-sha256 */
263 	0x05, 0x00, /* NULL */
264 	0x04, 0x20  /* Octet string, length 0x20 (32), followed by sha256 hash */
265 };
266 
267 /*
268  * See http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/ST/crypto_apps_infra/csor/algorithms.html
269  * id-sha512 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { joint-iso-itu-t(2) country(16) us(840)
270  *      organization(1) gov(101) csor(3) nistAlgorithm(4) hashAlgs(2)
271  *      id-sha256(3) }
272  */
273 static const u_char id_sha512[] = {
274 	0x30, 0x51, /* type Sequence, length 0x51 (81) */
275 	0x30, 0x0d, /* type Sequence, length 0x0d (13) */
276 	0x06, 0x09, /* type OID, length 0x09 */
277 	0x60, 0x86, 0x48, 0x01, 0x65, 0x03, 0x04, 0x02, 0x03, /* id-sha512 */
278 	0x05, 0x00, /* NULL */
279 	0x04, 0x40  /* Octet string, length 0x40 (64), followed by sha512 hash */
280 };
281 
282 static int
283 rsa_hash_alg_oid(int hash_alg, const u_char **oidp, size_t *oidlenp)
284 {
285 	switch (hash_alg) {
286 	case SSH_DIGEST_SHA1:
287 		*oidp = id_sha1;
288 		*oidlenp = sizeof(id_sha1);
289 		break;
290 	case SSH_DIGEST_SHA256:
291 		*oidp = id_sha256;
292 		*oidlenp = sizeof(id_sha256);
293 		break;
294 	case SSH_DIGEST_SHA512:
295 		*oidp = id_sha512;
296 		*oidlenp = sizeof(id_sha512);
297 		break;
298 	default:
299 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
300 	}
301 	return 0;
302 }
303 
304 static int
305 openssh_RSA_verify(int hash_alg, u_char *hash, size_t hashlen,
306     u_char *sigbuf, size_t siglen, RSA *rsa)
307 {
308 	size_t rsasize = 0, oidlen = 0, hlen = 0;
309 	int ret, len, oidmatch, hashmatch;
310 	const u_char *oid = NULL;
311 	u_char *decrypted = NULL;
312 
313 	if ((ret = rsa_hash_alg_oid(hash_alg, &oid, &oidlen)) != 0)
314 		return ret;
315 	ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
316 	hlen = ssh_digest_bytes(hash_alg);
317 	if (hashlen != hlen) {
318 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
319 		goto done;
320 	}
321 	rsasize = RSA_size(rsa);
322 	if (rsasize <= 0 || rsasize > SSHBUF_MAX_BIGNUM ||
323 	    siglen == 0 || siglen > rsasize) {
324 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
325 		goto done;
326 	}
327 	if ((decrypted = malloc(rsasize)) == NULL) {
328 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
329 		goto done;
330 	}
331 	if ((len = RSA_public_decrypt(siglen, sigbuf, decrypted, rsa,
332 	    RSA_PKCS1_PADDING)) < 0) {
333 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
334 		goto done;
335 	}
336 	if (len < 0 || (size_t)len != hlen + oidlen) {
337 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
338 		goto done;
339 	}
340 	oidmatch = timingsafe_bcmp(decrypted, oid, oidlen) == 0;
341 	hashmatch = timingsafe_bcmp(decrypted + oidlen, hash, hlen) == 0;
342 	if (!oidmatch || !hashmatch) {
343 		ret = SSH_ERR_SIGNATURE_INVALID;
344 		goto done;
345 	}
346 	ret = 0;
347 done:
348 	if (decrypted) {
349 		explicit_bzero(decrypted, rsasize);
350 		free(decrypted);
351 	}
352 	return ret;
353 }
354