xref: /netbsd-src/crypto/external/bsd/openssh/dist/hostfile.c (revision 82d56013d7b633d116a93943de88e08335357a7c)
1 /*	$NetBSD: hostfile.c,v 1.20 2021/04/19 14:40:15 christos Exp $	*/
2 /* $OpenBSD: hostfile.c,v 1.90 2021/04/03 06:58:30 djm Exp $ */
3 
4 /*
5  * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
6  * Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
7  *                    All rights reserved
8  * Functions for manipulating the known hosts files.
9  *
10  * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
11  * can be used freely for any purpose.  Any derived versions of this
12  * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
13  * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
14  * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
15  *
16  *
17  * Copyright (c) 1999, 2000 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
18  * Copyright (c) 1999 Niels Provos.  All rights reserved.
19  *
20  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
21  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
22  * are met:
23  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
24  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
25  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
26  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
27  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
28  *
29  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
30  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
31  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
32  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
33  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
34  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
35  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
36  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
37  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
38  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
39  */
40 
41 #include "includes.h"
42 __RCSID("$NetBSD: hostfile.c,v 1.20 2021/04/19 14:40:15 christos Exp $");
43 #include <sys/types.h>
44 #include <sys/stat.h>
45 
46 #include <netinet/in.h>
47 
48 #include <errno.h>
49 #include <resolv.h>
50 #include <stdio.h>
51 #include <stdlib.h>
52 #include <string.h>
53 #include <stdarg.h>
54 #include <time.h>
55 #include <unistd.h>
56 
57 #include "xmalloc.h"
58 #include "match.h"
59 #include "sshkey.h"
60 #include "hostfile.h"
61 #include "log.h"
62 #include "misc.h"
63 #include "pathnames.h"
64 #include "ssherr.h"
65 #include "digest.h"
66 #include "hmac.h"
67 #include "sshbuf.h"
68 
69 /* XXX hmac is too easy to dictionary attack; use bcrypt? */
70 
71 static int
72 extract_salt(const char *s, u_int l, u_char *salt, size_t salt_len)
73 {
74 	char *p, *b64salt;
75 	u_int b64len;
76 	int ret;
77 
78 	if (l < sizeof(HASH_MAGIC) - 1) {
79 		debug2("extract_salt: string too short");
80 		return (-1);
81 	}
82 	if (strncmp(s, HASH_MAGIC, sizeof(HASH_MAGIC) - 1) != 0) {
83 		debug2("extract_salt: invalid magic identifier");
84 		return (-1);
85 	}
86 	s += sizeof(HASH_MAGIC) - 1;
87 	l -= sizeof(HASH_MAGIC) - 1;
88 	if ((p = memchr(s, HASH_DELIM, l)) == NULL) {
89 		debug2("extract_salt: missing salt termination character");
90 		return (-1);
91 	}
92 
93 	b64len = p - s;
94 	/* Sanity check */
95 	if (b64len == 0 || b64len > 1024) {
96 		debug2("extract_salt: bad encoded salt length %u", b64len);
97 		return (-1);
98 	}
99 	b64salt = xmalloc(1 + b64len);
100 	memcpy(b64salt, s, b64len);
101 	b64salt[b64len] = '\0';
102 
103 	ret = __b64_pton(b64salt, salt, salt_len);
104 	free(b64salt);
105 	if (ret == -1) {
106 		debug2("extract_salt: salt decode error");
107 		return (-1);
108 	}
109 	if (ret != (int)ssh_hmac_bytes(SSH_DIGEST_SHA1)) {
110 		debug2("extract_salt: expected salt len %zd, got %d",
111 		    ssh_hmac_bytes(SSH_DIGEST_SHA1), ret);
112 		return (-1);
113 	}
114 
115 	return (0);
116 }
117 
118 char *
119 host_hash(const char *host, const char *name_from_hostfile, u_int src_len)
120 {
121 	struct ssh_hmac_ctx *ctx;
122 	u_char salt[256], result[256];
123 	char uu_salt[512], uu_result[512];
124 	static char encoded[2048];
125 	u_int len;
126 
127 	len = ssh_digest_bytes(SSH_DIGEST_SHA1);
128 
129 	if (name_from_hostfile == NULL) {
130 		/* Create new salt */
131 		arc4random_buf(salt, len);
132 	} else {
133 		/* Extract salt from known host entry */
134 		if (extract_salt(name_from_hostfile, src_len, salt,
135 		    sizeof(salt)) == -1)
136 			return (NULL);
137 	}
138 
139 	if ((ctx = ssh_hmac_start(SSH_DIGEST_SHA1)) == NULL ||
140 	    ssh_hmac_init(ctx, salt, len) < 0 ||
141 	    ssh_hmac_update(ctx, host, strlen(host)) < 0 ||
142 	    ssh_hmac_final(ctx, result, sizeof(result)))
143 		fatal_f("ssh_hmac failed");
144 	ssh_hmac_free(ctx);
145 
146 	if (__b64_ntop(salt, len, uu_salt, sizeof(uu_salt)) == -1 ||
147 	    __b64_ntop(result, len, uu_result, sizeof(uu_result)) == -1)
148 		fatal_f("__b64_ntop failed");
149 
150 	snprintf(encoded, sizeof(encoded), "%s%s%c%s", HASH_MAGIC, uu_salt,
151 	    HASH_DELIM, uu_result);
152 
153 	return (encoded);
154 }
155 
156 /*
157  * Parses an RSA (number of bits, e, n) or DSA key from a string.  Moves the
158  * pointer over the key.  Skips any whitespace at the beginning and at end.
159  */
160 
161 int
162 hostfile_read_key(char **cpp, u_int *bitsp, struct sshkey *ret)
163 {
164 	char *cp;
165 
166 	/* Skip leading whitespace. */
167 	for (cp = *cpp; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++)
168 		;
169 
170 	if (sshkey_read(ret, &cp) != 0)
171 		return 0;
172 
173 	/* Skip trailing whitespace. */
174 	for (; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++)
175 		;
176 
177 	/* Return results. */
178 	*cpp = cp;
179 	if (bitsp != NULL)
180 		*bitsp = sshkey_size(ret);
181 	return 1;
182 }
183 
184 static HostkeyMarker
185 check_markers(char **cpp)
186 {
187 	char marker[32], *sp, *cp = *cpp;
188 	int ret = MRK_NONE;
189 
190 	while (*cp == '@') {
191 		/* Only one marker is allowed */
192 		if (ret != MRK_NONE)
193 			return MRK_ERROR;
194 		/* Markers are terminated by whitespace */
195 		if ((sp = strchr(cp, ' ')) == NULL &&
196 		    (sp = strchr(cp, '\t')) == NULL)
197 			return MRK_ERROR;
198 		/* Extract marker for comparison */
199 		if (sp <= cp + 1 || sp >= cp + sizeof(marker))
200 			return MRK_ERROR;
201 		memcpy(marker, cp, sp - cp);
202 		marker[sp - cp] = '\0';
203 		if (strcmp(marker, CA_MARKER) == 0)
204 			ret = MRK_CA;
205 		else if (strcmp(marker, REVOKE_MARKER) == 0)
206 			ret = MRK_REVOKE;
207 		else
208 			return MRK_ERROR;
209 
210 		/* Skip past marker and any whitespace that follows it */
211 		cp = sp;
212 		for (; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++)
213 			;
214 	}
215 	*cpp = cp;
216 	return ret;
217 }
218 
219 struct hostkeys *
220 init_hostkeys(void)
221 {
222 	struct hostkeys *ret = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ret));
223 
224 	ret->entries = NULL;
225 	return ret;
226 }
227 
228 struct load_callback_ctx {
229 	const char *host;
230 	u_long num_loaded;
231 	struct hostkeys *hostkeys;
232 };
233 
234 static int
235 record_hostkey(struct hostkey_foreach_line *l, void *_ctx)
236 {
237 	struct load_callback_ctx *ctx = (struct load_callback_ctx *)_ctx;
238 	struct hostkeys *hostkeys = ctx->hostkeys;
239 	struct hostkey_entry *tmp;
240 
241 	if (l->status == HKF_STATUS_INVALID) {
242 		/* XXX make this verbose() in the future */
243 		debug("%s:%ld: parse error in hostkeys file",
244 		    l->path, l->linenum);
245 		return 0;
246 	}
247 
248 	debug3_f("found %skey type %s in file %s:%lu",
249 	    l->marker == MRK_NONE ? "" :
250 	    (l->marker == MRK_CA ? "ca " : "revoked "),
251 	    sshkey_type(l->key), l->path, l->linenum);
252 	if ((tmp = recallocarray(hostkeys->entries, hostkeys->num_entries,
253 	    hostkeys->num_entries + 1, sizeof(*hostkeys->entries))) == NULL)
254 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
255 	hostkeys->entries = tmp;
256 	hostkeys->entries[hostkeys->num_entries].host = xstrdup(ctx->host);
257 	hostkeys->entries[hostkeys->num_entries].file = xstrdup(l->path);
258 	hostkeys->entries[hostkeys->num_entries].line = l->linenum;
259 	hostkeys->entries[hostkeys->num_entries].key = l->key;
260 	l->key = NULL; /* steal it */
261 	hostkeys->entries[hostkeys->num_entries].marker = l->marker;
262 	hostkeys->entries[hostkeys->num_entries].note = l->note;
263 	hostkeys->num_entries++;
264 	ctx->num_loaded++;
265 
266 	return 0;
267 }
268 
269 void
270 load_hostkeys_file(struct hostkeys *hostkeys, const char *host,
271     const char *path, FILE *f, u_int note)
272 {
273 	int r;
274 	struct load_callback_ctx ctx;
275 
276 	ctx.host = host;
277 	ctx.num_loaded = 0;
278 	ctx.hostkeys = hostkeys;
279 
280 	if ((r = hostkeys_foreach_file(path, f, record_hostkey, &ctx, host,
281 	    NULL, HKF_WANT_MATCH|HKF_WANT_PARSE_KEY, note)) != 0) {
282 		if (r != SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR && errno != ENOENT)
283 			debug_fr(r, "hostkeys_foreach failed for %s", path);
284 	}
285 	if (ctx.num_loaded != 0)
286 		debug3_f("loaded %lu keys from %s", ctx.num_loaded, host);
287 }
288 
289 void
290 load_hostkeys(struct hostkeys *hostkeys, const char *host, const char *path,
291     u_int note)
292 {
293 	FILE *f;
294 
295 	if ((f = fopen(path, "r")) == NULL) {
296 		debug_f("fopen %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
297 		return;
298 	}
299 
300 	load_hostkeys_file(hostkeys, host, path, f, note);
301 	fclose(f);
302 }
303 
304 void
305 free_hostkeys(struct hostkeys *hostkeys)
306 {
307 	u_int i;
308 
309 	for (i = 0; i < hostkeys->num_entries; i++) {
310 		free(hostkeys->entries[i].host);
311 		free(hostkeys->entries[i].file);
312 		sshkey_free(hostkeys->entries[i].key);
313 		explicit_bzero(hostkeys->entries + i, sizeof(*hostkeys->entries));
314 	}
315 	free(hostkeys->entries);
316 	freezero(hostkeys, sizeof(*hostkeys));
317 }
318 
319 static int
320 check_key_not_revoked(struct hostkeys *hostkeys, struct sshkey *k)
321 {
322 	int is_cert = sshkey_is_cert(k);
323 	u_int i;
324 
325 	for (i = 0; i < hostkeys->num_entries; i++) {
326 		if (hostkeys->entries[i].marker != MRK_REVOKE)
327 			continue;
328 		if (sshkey_equal_public(k, hostkeys->entries[i].key))
329 			return -1;
330 		if (is_cert && k != NULL &&
331 		    sshkey_equal_public(k->cert->signature_key,
332 		    hostkeys->entries[i].key))
333 			return -1;
334 	}
335 	return 0;
336 }
337 
338 /*
339  * Match keys against a specified key, or look one up by key type.
340  *
341  * If looking for a keytype (key == NULL) and one is found then return
342  * HOST_FOUND, otherwise HOST_NEW.
343  *
344  * If looking for a key (key != NULL):
345  *  1. If the key is a cert and a matching CA is found, return HOST_OK
346  *  2. If the key is not a cert and a matching key is found, return HOST_OK
347  *  3. If no key matches but a key with a different type is found, then
348  *     return HOST_CHANGED
349  *  4. If no matching keys are found, then return HOST_NEW.
350  *
351  * Finally, check any found key is not revoked.
352  */
353 static HostStatus
354 check_hostkeys_by_key_or_type(struct hostkeys *hostkeys,
355     struct sshkey *k, int keytype, int nid, const struct hostkey_entry **found)
356 {
357 	u_int i;
358 	HostStatus end_return = HOST_NEW;
359 	int want_cert = sshkey_is_cert(k);
360 	HostkeyMarker want_marker = want_cert ? MRK_CA : MRK_NONE;
361 
362 	if (found != NULL)
363 		*found = NULL;
364 
365 	for (i = 0; i < hostkeys->num_entries; i++) {
366 		if (hostkeys->entries[i].marker != want_marker)
367 			continue;
368 		if (k == NULL) {
369 			if (hostkeys->entries[i].key->type != keytype)
370 				continue;
371 			if (nid != -1 &&
372 			    sshkey_type_plain(keytype) == KEY_ECDSA &&
373 			    hostkeys->entries[i].key->ecdsa_nid != nid)
374 				continue;
375 			end_return = HOST_FOUND;
376 			if (found != NULL)
377 				*found = hostkeys->entries + i;
378 			k = hostkeys->entries[i].key;
379 			break;
380 		}
381 		if (want_cert) {
382 			if (sshkey_equal_public(k->cert->signature_key,
383 			    hostkeys->entries[i].key)) {
384 				/* A matching CA exists */
385 				end_return = HOST_OK;
386 				if (found != NULL)
387 					*found = hostkeys->entries + i;
388 				break;
389 			}
390 		} else {
391 			if (sshkey_equal(k, hostkeys->entries[i].key)) {
392 				end_return = HOST_OK;
393 				if (found != NULL)
394 					*found = hostkeys->entries + i;
395 				break;
396 			}
397 			/* A non-matching key exists */
398 			end_return = HOST_CHANGED;
399 			if (found != NULL)
400 				*found = hostkeys->entries + i;
401 		}
402 	}
403 	if (check_key_not_revoked(hostkeys, k) != 0) {
404 		end_return = HOST_REVOKED;
405 		if (found != NULL)
406 			*found = NULL;
407 	}
408 	return end_return;
409 }
410 
411 HostStatus
412 check_key_in_hostkeys(struct hostkeys *hostkeys, struct sshkey *key,
413     const struct hostkey_entry **found)
414 {
415 	if (key == NULL)
416 		fatal("no key to look up");
417 	return check_hostkeys_by_key_or_type(hostkeys, key, 0, -1, found);
418 }
419 
420 int
421 lookup_key_in_hostkeys_by_type(struct hostkeys *hostkeys, int keytype, int nid,
422     const struct hostkey_entry **found)
423 {
424 	return (check_hostkeys_by_key_or_type(hostkeys, NULL, keytype, nid,
425 	    found) == HOST_FOUND);
426 }
427 
428 int
429 lookup_marker_in_hostkeys(struct hostkeys *hostkeys, int want_marker)
430 {
431 	u_int i;
432 
433 	for (i = 0; i < hostkeys->num_entries; i++) {
434 		if (hostkeys->entries[i].marker == (HostkeyMarker)want_marker)
435 			return 1;
436 	}
437 	return 0;
438 }
439 
440 static int
441 write_host_entry(FILE *f, const char *host, const char *ip,
442     const struct sshkey *key, int store_hash)
443 {
444 	int r, success = 0;
445 	char *hashed_host = NULL, *lhost;
446 
447 	lhost = xstrdup(host);
448 	lowercase(lhost);
449 
450 	if (store_hash) {
451 		if ((hashed_host = host_hash(lhost, NULL, 0)) == NULL) {
452 			error_f("host_hash failed");
453 			free(lhost);
454 			return 0;
455 		}
456 		fprintf(f, "%s ", hashed_host);
457 	} else if (ip != NULL)
458 		fprintf(f, "%s,%s ", lhost, ip);
459 	else {
460 		fprintf(f, "%s ", lhost);
461 	}
462 	free(lhost);
463 	if ((r = sshkey_write(key, f)) == 0)
464 		success = 1;
465 	else
466 		error_fr(r, "sshkey_write");
467 	fputc('\n', f);
468 	/* If hashing is enabled, the IP address needs to go on its own line */
469 	if (success && store_hash && ip != NULL)
470 		success = write_host_entry(f, ip, NULL, key, 1);
471 	return success;
472 }
473 
474 /*
475  * Create user ~/.ssh directory if it doesn't exist and we want to write to it.
476  * If notify is set, a message will be emitted if the directory is created.
477  */
478 void
479 hostfile_create_user_ssh_dir(const char *filename, int notify)
480 {
481 	char *dotsshdir = NULL, *p;
482 	size_t len;
483 	struct stat st;
484 
485 	if ((p = strrchr(filename, '/')) == NULL)
486 		return;
487 	len = p - filename;
488 	dotsshdir = tilde_expand_filename("~/" _PATH_SSH_USER_DIR, getuid());
489 	if (strlen(dotsshdir) > len || strncmp(filename, dotsshdir, len) != 0)
490 		goto out; /* not ~/.ssh prefixed */
491 	if (stat(dotsshdir, &st) == 0)
492 		goto out; /* dir already exists */
493 	else if (errno != ENOENT)
494 		error("Could not stat %s: %s", dotsshdir, strerror(errno));
495 	else {
496 		if (mkdir(dotsshdir, 0700) == -1)
497 			error("Could not create directory '%.200s' (%s).",
498 			    dotsshdir, strerror(errno));
499 		else if (notify)
500 			logit("Created directory '%s'.", dotsshdir);
501 	}
502  out:
503 	free(dotsshdir);
504 }
505 
506 
507 /*
508  * Appends an entry to the host file.  Returns false if the entry could not
509  * be appended.
510  */
511 int
512 add_host_to_hostfile(const char *filename, const char *host,
513     const struct sshkey *key, int store_hash)
514 {
515 	FILE *f;
516 	int success;
517 
518 	if (key == NULL)
519 		return 1;	/* XXX ? */
520 	hostfile_create_user_ssh_dir(filename, 0);
521 	f = fopen(filename, "a");
522 	if (!f)
523 		return 0;
524 	success = write_host_entry(f, host, NULL, key, store_hash);
525 	fclose(f);
526 	return success;
527 }
528 
529 struct host_delete_ctx {
530 	FILE *out;
531 	int quiet;
532 	const char *host, *ip;
533 	u_int *match_keys;	/* mask of HKF_MATCH_* for this key */
534 	struct sshkey * const *keys;
535 	size_t nkeys;
536 	int modified;
537 };
538 
539 static int
540 host_delete(struct hostkey_foreach_line *l, void *_ctx)
541 {
542 	struct host_delete_ctx *ctx = (struct host_delete_ctx *)_ctx;
543 	int loglevel = ctx->quiet ? SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1 : SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE;
544 	size_t i;
545 
546 	/* Don't remove CA and revocation lines */
547 	if (l->status == HKF_STATUS_MATCHED && l->marker == MRK_NONE) {
548 		/*
549 		 * If this line contains one of the keys that we will be
550 		 * adding later, then don't change it and mark the key for
551 		 * skipping.
552 		 */
553 		for (i = 0; i < ctx->nkeys; i++) {
554 			if (!sshkey_equal(ctx->keys[i], l->key))
555 				continue;
556 			ctx->match_keys[i] |= l->match;
557 			fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line);
558 			debug3_f("%s key already at %s:%ld",
559 			    sshkey_type(l->key), l->path, l->linenum);
560 			return 0;
561 		}
562 
563 		/*
564 		 * Hostname matches and has no CA/revoke marker, delete it
565 		 * by *not* writing the line to ctx->out.
566 		 */
567 		do_log2(loglevel, "%s%s%s:%ld: Removed %s key for host %s",
568 		    ctx->quiet ? __func__ : "", ctx->quiet ? ": " : "",
569 		    l->path, l->linenum, sshkey_type(l->key), ctx->host);
570 		ctx->modified = 1;
571 		return 0;
572 	}
573 	/* Retain non-matching hosts and invalid lines when deleting */
574 	if (l->status == HKF_STATUS_INVALID) {
575 		do_log2(loglevel, "%s%s%s:%ld: invalid known_hosts entry",
576 		    ctx->quiet ? __func__ : "", ctx->quiet ? ": " : "",
577 		    l->path, l->linenum);
578 	}
579 	fprintf(ctx->out, "%s\n", l->line);
580 	return 0;
581 }
582 
583 int
584 hostfile_replace_entries(const char *filename, const char *host, const char *ip,
585     struct sshkey **keys, size_t nkeys, int store_hash, int quiet, int hash_alg)
586 {
587 	int r, fd, oerrno = 0;
588 	int loglevel = quiet ? SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1 : SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE;
589 	struct host_delete_ctx ctx;
590 	char *fp, *temp = NULL, *back = NULL;
591 	const char *what;
592 	mode_t omask;
593 	size_t i;
594 	u_int want;
595 
596 	omask = umask(077);
597 
598 	memset(&ctx, 0, sizeof(ctx));
599 	ctx.host = host;
600 	ctx.ip = ip;
601 	ctx.quiet = quiet;
602 
603 	if ((ctx.match_keys = calloc(nkeys, sizeof(*ctx.match_keys))) == NULL)
604 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
605 	ctx.keys = keys;
606 	ctx.nkeys = nkeys;
607 	ctx.modified = 0;
608 
609 	/*
610 	 * Prepare temporary file for in-place deletion.
611 	 */
612 	if ((r = asprintf(&temp, "%s.XXXXXXXXXXX", filename)) == -1 ||
613 	    (r = asprintf(&back, "%s.old", filename)) == -1) {
614 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
615 		goto fail;
616 	}
617 
618 	if ((fd = mkstemp(temp)) == -1) {
619 		oerrno = errno;
620 		error_f("mkstemp: %s", strerror(oerrno));
621 		r = SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
622 		goto fail;
623 	}
624 	if ((ctx.out = fdopen(fd, "w")) == NULL) {
625 		oerrno = errno;
626 		close(fd);
627 		error_f("fdopen: %s", strerror(oerrno));
628 		r = SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
629 		goto fail;
630 	}
631 
632 	/* Remove stale/mismatching entries for the specified host */
633 	if ((r = hostkeys_foreach(filename, host_delete, &ctx, host, ip,
634 	    HKF_WANT_PARSE_KEY, 0)) != 0) {
635 		oerrno = errno;
636 		error_fr(r, "hostkeys_foreach");
637 		goto fail;
638 	}
639 
640 	/* Re-add the requested keys */
641 	want = HKF_MATCH_HOST | (ip == NULL ? 0 : HKF_MATCH_IP);
642 	for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) {
643 		if ((want & ctx.match_keys[i]) == want)
644 			continue;
645 		if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(keys[i], hash_alg,
646 		    SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL) {
647 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
648 			goto fail;
649 		}
650 		/* write host/ip */
651 		what = "";
652 		if (ctx.match_keys[i] == 0) {
653 			what = "Adding new key";
654 			if (!write_host_entry(ctx.out, host, ip,
655 			    keys[i], store_hash)) {
656 				r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
657 				goto fail;
658 			}
659 		} else if ((want & ~ctx.match_keys[i]) == HKF_MATCH_HOST) {
660 			what = "Fixing match (hostname)";
661 			if (!write_host_entry(ctx.out, host, NULL,
662 			    keys[i], store_hash)) {
663 				r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
664 				goto fail;
665 			}
666 		} else if ((want & ~ctx.match_keys[i]) == HKF_MATCH_IP) {
667 			what = "Fixing match (address)";
668 			if (!write_host_entry(ctx.out, ip, NULL,
669 			    keys[i], store_hash)) {
670 				r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
671 				goto fail;
672 			}
673 		}
674 		do_log2(loglevel, "%s%s%s for %s%s%s to %s: %s %s",
675 		    quiet ? __func__ : "", quiet ? ": " : "", what,
676 		    host, ip == NULL ? "" : ",", ip == NULL ? "" : ip, filename,
677 		    sshkey_ssh_name(keys[i]), fp);
678 		free(fp);
679 		ctx.modified = 1;
680 	}
681 	fclose(ctx.out);
682 	ctx.out = NULL;
683 
684 	if (ctx.modified) {
685 		/* Backup the original file and replace it with the temporary */
686 		if (unlink(back) == -1 && errno != ENOENT) {
687 			oerrno = errno;
688 			error_f("unlink %.100s: %s", back, strerror(errno));
689 			r = SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
690 			goto fail;
691 		}
692 		if (link(filename, back) == -1) {
693 			oerrno = errno;
694 			error_f("link %.100s to %.100s: %s", filename,
695 			    back, strerror(errno));
696 			r = SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
697 			goto fail;
698 		}
699 		if (rename(temp, filename) == -1) {
700 			oerrno = errno;
701 			error_f("rename \"%s\" to \"%s\": %s", temp,
702 			    filename, strerror(errno));
703 			r = SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
704 			goto fail;
705 		}
706 	} else {
707 		/* No changes made; just delete the temporary file */
708 		if (unlink(temp) != 0)
709 			error_f("unlink \"%s\": %s", temp, strerror(errno));
710 	}
711 
712 	/* success */
713 	r = 0;
714  fail:
715 	if (temp != NULL && r != 0)
716 		unlink(temp);
717 	free(temp);
718 	free(back);
719 	if (ctx.out != NULL)
720 		fclose(ctx.out);
721 	free(ctx.match_keys);
722 	umask(omask);
723 	if (r == SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR)
724 		errno = oerrno;
725 	return r;
726 }
727 
728 static int
729 match_maybe_hashed(const char *host, const char *names, int *was_hashed)
730 {
731 	int hashed = *names == HASH_DELIM;
732 	const char *hashed_host;
733 	size_t nlen = strlen(names);
734 
735 	if (was_hashed != NULL)
736 		*was_hashed = hashed;
737 	if (hashed) {
738 		if ((hashed_host = host_hash(host, names, nlen)) == NULL)
739 			return -1;
740 		return nlen == strlen(hashed_host) &&
741 		    strncmp(hashed_host, names, nlen) == 0;
742 	}
743 	return match_hostname(host, names) == 1;
744 }
745 
746 int
747 hostkeys_foreach_file(const char *path, FILE *f, hostkeys_foreach_fn *callback,
748     void *ctx, const char *host, const char *ip, u_int options, u_int note)
749 {
750 	char *line = NULL, ktype[128];
751 	u_long linenum = 0;
752 	char *cp, *cp2;
753 	u_int kbits;
754 	int hashed;
755 	int s, r = 0;
756 	struct hostkey_foreach_line lineinfo;
757 	size_t linesize = 0, l;
758 
759 	memset(&lineinfo, 0, sizeof(lineinfo));
760 	if (host == NULL && (options & HKF_WANT_MATCH) != 0)
761 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
762 
763 	while (getline(&line, &linesize, f) != -1) {
764 		linenum++;
765 		line[strcspn(line, "\n")] = '\0';
766 
767 		free(lineinfo.line);
768 		sshkey_free(lineinfo.key);
769 		memset(&lineinfo, 0, sizeof(lineinfo));
770 		lineinfo.path = path;
771 		lineinfo.linenum = linenum;
772 		lineinfo.line = xstrdup(line);
773 		lineinfo.marker = MRK_NONE;
774 		lineinfo.status = HKF_STATUS_OK;
775 		lineinfo.keytype = KEY_UNSPEC;
776 		lineinfo.note = note;
777 
778 		/* Skip any leading whitespace, comments and empty lines. */
779 		for (cp = line; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++)
780 			;
781 		if (!*cp || *cp == '#' || *cp == '\n') {
782 			if ((options & HKF_WANT_MATCH) == 0) {
783 				lineinfo.status = HKF_STATUS_COMMENT;
784 				if ((r = callback(&lineinfo, ctx)) != 0)
785 					break;
786 			}
787 			continue;
788 		}
789 
790 		if ((lineinfo.marker = check_markers(&cp)) == MRK_ERROR) {
791 			verbose_f("invalid marker at %s:%lu", path, linenum);
792 			if ((options & HKF_WANT_MATCH) == 0)
793 				goto bad;
794 			continue;
795 		}
796 
797 		/* Find the end of the host name portion. */
798 		for (cp2 = cp; *cp2 && *cp2 != ' ' && *cp2 != '\t'; cp2++)
799 			;
800 		lineinfo.hosts = cp;
801 		*cp2++ = '\0';
802 
803 		/* Check if the host name matches. */
804 		if (host != NULL) {
805 			if ((s = match_maybe_hashed(host, lineinfo.hosts,
806 			    &hashed)) == -1) {
807 				debug2_f("%s:%ld: bad host hash \"%.32s\"",
808 				    path, linenum, lineinfo.hosts);
809 				goto bad;
810 			}
811 			if (s == 1) {
812 				lineinfo.status = HKF_STATUS_MATCHED;
813 				lineinfo.match |= HKF_MATCH_HOST |
814 				    (hashed ? HKF_MATCH_HOST_HASHED : 0);
815 			}
816 			/* Try matching IP address if supplied */
817 			if (ip != NULL) {
818 				if ((s = match_maybe_hashed(ip, lineinfo.hosts,
819 				    &hashed)) == -1) {
820 					debug2_f("%s:%ld: bad ip hash "
821 					    "\"%.32s\"", path, linenum,
822 					    lineinfo.hosts);
823 					goto bad;
824 				}
825 				if (s == 1) {
826 					lineinfo.status = HKF_STATUS_MATCHED;
827 					lineinfo.match |= HKF_MATCH_IP |
828 					    (hashed ? HKF_MATCH_IP_HASHED : 0);
829 				}
830 			}
831 			/*
832 			 * Skip this line if host matching requested and
833 			 * neither host nor address matched.
834 			 */
835 			if ((options & HKF_WANT_MATCH) != 0 &&
836 			    lineinfo.status != HKF_STATUS_MATCHED)
837 				continue;
838 		}
839 
840 		/* Got a match.  Skip host name and any following whitespace */
841 		for (; *cp2 == ' ' || *cp2 == '\t'; cp2++)
842 			;
843 		if (*cp2 == '\0' || *cp2 == '#') {
844 			debug2("%s:%ld: truncated before key type",
845 			    path, linenum);
846 			goto bad;
847 		}
848 		lineinfo.rawkey = cp = cp2;
849 
850 		if ((options & HKF_WANT_PARSE_KEY) != 0) {
851 			/*
852 			 * Extract the key from the line.  This will skip
853 			 * any leading whitespace.  Ignore badly formatted
854 			 * lines.
855 			 */
856 			if ((lineinfo.key = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL) {
857 				error_f("sshkey_new failed");
858 				r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
859 				break;
860 			}
861 			if (!hostfile_read_key(&cp, &kbits, lineinfo.key)) {
862 				goto bad;
863 			}
864 			lineinfo.keytype = lineinfo.key->type;
865 			lineinfo.comment = cp;
866 		} else {
867 			/* Extract and parse key type */
868 			l = strcspn(lineinfo.rawkey, " \t");
869 			if (l <= 1 || l >= sizeof(ktype) ||
870 			    lineinfo.rawkey[l] == '\0')
871 				goto bad;
872 			memcpy(ktype, lineinfo.rawkey, l);
873 			ktype[l] = '\0';
874 			lineinfo.keytype = sshkey_type_from_name(ktype);
875 
876 			/*
877 			 * Assume legacy RSA1 if the first component is a short
878 			 * decimal number.
879 			 */
880 			if (lineinfo.keytype == KEY_UNSPEC && l < 8 &&
881 			    strspn(ktype, "0123456789") == l)
882 				goto bad;
883 
884 			/*
885 			 * Check that something other than whitespace follows
886 			 * the key type. This won't catch all corruption, but
887 			 * it does catch trivial truncation.
888 			 */
889 			cp2 += l; /* Skip past key type */
890 			for (; *cp2 == ' ' || *cp2 == '\t'; cp2++)
891 				;
892 			if (*cp2 == '\0' || *cp2 == '#') {
893 				debug2("%s:%ld: truncated after key type",
894 				    path, linenum);
895 				lineinfo.keytype = KEY_UNSPEC;
896 			}
897 			if (lineinfo.keytype == KEY_UNSPEC) {
898  bad:
899 				sshkey_free(lineinfo.key);
900 				lineinfo.key = NULL;
901 				lineinfo.status = HKF_STATUS_INVALID;
902 				if ((r = callback(&lineinfo, ctx)) != 0)
903 					break;
904 				continue;
905 			}
906 		}
907 		if ((r = callback(&lineinfo, ctx)) != 0)
908 			break;
909 	}
910 	sshkey_free(lineinfo.key);
911 	free(lineinfo.line);
912 	free(line);
913 	return r;
914 }
915 
916 int
917 hostkeys_foreach(const char *path, hostkeys_foreach_fn *callback, void *ctx,
918     const char *host, const char *ip, u_int options, u_int note)
919 {
920 	FILE *f;
921 	int r, oerrno;
922 
923 	if ((f = fopen(path, "r")) == NULL)
924 		return SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
925 
926 	debug3_f("reading file \"%s\"", path);
927 	r = hostkeys_foreach_file(path, f, callback, ctx, host, ip,
928 	    options, note);
929 	oerrno = errno;
930 	fclose(f);
931 	errno = oerrno;
932 	return r;
933 }
934