1.\" $NetBSD: test.1,v 1.10 1997/11/12 00:48:21 mrg Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1991, 1993 4.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 7.\" the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 8.\" 9.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 10.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 11.\" are met: 12.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 13.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 14.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 15.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 16.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 17.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 18.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 19.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 20.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 21.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 22.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 23.\" without specific prior written permission. 24.\" 25.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 26.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 27.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 28.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 29.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 30.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 31.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 32.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 33.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 34.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 35.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 36.\" 37.\" @(#)test.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 5/31/93 38.\" 39.Dd May 31, 1993 40.Dt TEST 1 41.Os 42.Sh NAME 43.Nm test , 44.Nm [ 45.Nd condition evaluation utility 46.Sh SYNOPSIS 47.Nm test 48.Ar expression 49.Nm [ 50.Ar expression Cm ] 51.Sh DESCRIPTION 52The 53.Nm test 54utility evaluates the expression and, if it evaluates 55to true, returns a zero (true) exit status; otherwise 56it returns 1 (false). 57If there is no expression, test also 58returns 1 (false). 59.Pp 60All operators and flags are separate arguments to the 61.Nm test 62utility. 63.Pp 64The following primaries are used to construct expression: 65.Bl -tag -width Ar 66.It Fl b Ar file 67True if 68.Ar file 69exists and is a block special 70file. 71.It Fl c Ar file 72True if 73.Ar file 74exists and is a character 75special file. 76.It Fl d Ar file 77True if 78.Ar file 79exists and is a directory. 80.It Fl e Ar file 81True if 82.Ar file 83exists (regardless of type). 84.It Fl f Ar file 85True if 86.Ar file 87exists and is a regular file. 88.It Fl g Ar file 89True if 90.Ar file 91exists and its set group ID flag 92is set. 93.It Fl h Ar file 94True if 95.Ar file 96exists and is a symbolic link. 97This operator is retained for compatibility with previous versions of 98this program. Do not rely on its existence; use 99.Fl L 100instead. 101.It Fl k Ar file 102True if 103.Ar file 104exists and its sticky bit is set. 105.It Fl n Ar string 106True if the length of 107.Ar string 108is nonzero. 109.It Fl p Ar file 110True if 111.Ar file 112is a named pipe 113.Po Tn FIFO Pc . 114.It Fl r Ar file 115True if 116.Ar file 117exists and is readable. 118.It Fl s Ar file 119True if 120.Ar file 121exists and has a size greater 122than zero. 123.It Fl t Ar file_descriptor 124True if the file whose file descriptor number 125is 126.Ar file_descriptor 127is open and is associated with a terminal. 128.It Fl u Ar file 129True if 130.Ar file 131exists and its set user ID flag 132is set. 133.It Fl w Ar file 134True if 135.Ar file 136exists and is writable. 137True 138indicates only that the write flag is on. 139The file is not writable on a read-only file 140system even if this test indicates true. 141.It Fl x Ar file 142True if 143.Ar file 144exists and is executable. 145True 146indicates only that the execute flag is on. 147If 148.Ar file 149is a directory, true indicates that 150.Ar file 151can be searched. 152.It Fl z Ar string 153True if the length of 154.Ar string 155is zero. 156.It Fl L Ar file 157True if 158.Ar file 159exists and is a symbolic link. 160.It Fl O Ar file 161True if 162.Ar file 163exists and its owner matches the effective user id of this process. 164.It Fl G Ar file 165True if 166.Ar file 167exists and its group matches the effective group id of this process. 168.It Fl S Ar file 169True if 170.Ar file 171exists and is a socket. 172.It Ar file1 Fl nt Ar file2 173True if 174.Ar file1 175exists and is newer than 176.Ar file2 . 177.It Ar file1 Fl ot Ar file2 178True if 179.Ar file1 180exists and is older than 181.Ar file2 . 182.It Ar file1 Fl ef Ar file2 183True if 184.Ar file1 185and 186.Ar file2 187exist and refer to the same file. 188.It Ar string 189True if 190.Ar string 191is not the null 192string. 193.It Ar \&s\&1 Cm \&= Ar \&s\&2 194True if the strings 195.Ar \&s\&1 196and 197.Ar \&s\&2 198are identical. 199.It Ar \&s\&1 Cm \&!= Ar \&s\&2 200True if the strings 201.Ar \&s\&1 202and 203.Ar \&s\&2 204are not identical. 205.It Ar \&s\&1 Cm \&< Ar \&s\&2 206True if string 207.Ar \&s\&1 208comes before 209.Ar \&s\&2 210based on the ASCII value of their characters. 211.It Ar \&s\&1 Cm \&> Ar \&s\&2 212True if string 213.Ar \&s\&1 214comes after 215.Ar \&s\&2 216based on the ASCII value of their characters. 217.It Ar \&s\&1 218True if 219.Ar \&s\&1 220is not the null 221string. 222.It Ar \&n\&1 Fl \&eq Ar \&n\&2 223True if the integers 224.Ar \&n\&1 225and 226.Ar \&n\&2 227are algebraically 228equal. 229.It Ar \&n\&1 Fl \&ne Ar \&n\&2 230True if the integers 231.Ar \&n\&1 232and 233.Ar \&n\&2 234are not 235algebraically equal. 236.It Ar \&n\&1 Fl \> Ar \&n\&2 237True if the integer 238.Ar \&n\&1 239is algebraically 240greater than the integer 241.Ar \&n\&2 . 242.It Ar \&n\&1 Fl \&ge Ar \&n\&2 243True if the integer 244.Ar \&n\&1 245is algebraically 246greater than or equal to the integer 247.Ar \&n\&2 . 248.It Ar \&n\&1 Fl \< Ar \&n\&2 249True if the integer 250.Ar \&n\&1 251is algebraically less 252than the integer 253.Ar \&n\&2 . 254.It Ar \&n\&1 Fl \&le Ar \&n\&2 255True if the integer 256.Ar \&n\&1 257is algebraically less 258than or equal to the integer 259.Ar \&n\&2 . 260.El 261.Pp 262These primaries can be combined with the following operators: 263.Bl -tag -width Ar 264.It Cm \&! Ar expression 265True if 266.Ar expression 267is false. 268.It Ar expression1 Fl a Ar expression2 269True if both 270.Ar expression1 271and 272.Ar expression2 273are true. 274.It Ar expression1 Fl o Ar expression2 275True if either 276.Ar expression1 277or 278.Ar expression2 279are true. 280.It Cm \&( Ns Ar expression Ns Cm \&) 281True if expression is true. 282.El 283.Pp 284The 285.Fl a 286operator has higher precedence than the 287.Fl o 288operator. 289.Sh GRAMMAR AMBIGUITY 290The 291.Nm test 292grammar is inherently ambiguous. In order to assure a degree of consistency, 293the cases described in 294.St -p1003.2 295section 4.62.4, 296are evaluated consistently according to the rules specified in the 297standards document. All other cases are subject to the ambiguity in the 298command semantics. 299.Sh RETURN VALUES 300The 301.Nm test 302utility exits with one of the following values: 303.Bl -tag -width Ds 304.It 0 305expression evaluated to true. 306.It 1 307expression evaluated to false or expression was 308missing. 309.It >1 310An error occurred. 311.El 312.Sh STANDARDS 313The 314.Nm test 315utility implements a superset of the 316.St -p1003.2 317specification. 318